EP0624768A1 - Apparatus for agitating, especially mixing and/or drying a stock - Google Patents

Apparatus for agitating, especially mixing and/or drying a stock Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0624768A1
EP0624768A1 EP94810284A EP94810284A EP0624768A1 EP 0624768 A1 EP0624768 A1 EP 0624768A1 EP 94810284 A EP94810284 A EP 94810284A EP 94810284 A EP94810284 A EP 94810284A EP 0624768 A1 EP0624768 A1 EP 0624768A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
wall
wall section
section
shaft
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Granted
Application number
EP94810284A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0624768B1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Baumgartner
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • F26B9/08—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements
    • F26B9/082—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried
    • F26B9/085—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried moving the material in a substantially vertical sense using conveyors or agitators, e.g. screws or augers with vertical axis, which are positioned inside the drying enclosure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/09—Stirrers characterised by the mounting of the stirrers with respect to the receptacle
    • B01F27/091—Stirrers characterised by the mounting of the stirrers with respect to the receptacle with elements co-operating with receptacle wall or bottom, e.g. for scraping the receptacle wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
    • B01F27/921—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle
    • B01F27/9211—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle the helices being surrounded by a guiding tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
    • B01F27/921—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle
    • B01F27/9214—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws with helices centrally mounted in the receptacle with additional mixing elements other than helices; having inner and outer helices; with helices surrounding a guiding tube

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the device is used in particular to produce powder mixtures, granules and the like, for example foodstuffs and powdered pharmaceuticals.
  • the good components to be mixed with one another are introduced into the interior of the container through an opening provided in the lid of the container.
  • the material is then moved and mixed by means of the stirrer, it being possible for further components and additives, such as liquids, dyes and the like, to be added to the material during the mixing process.
  • the object of the invention is to create a device which does not have the disadvantages of the known devices.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 and designated as a whole by 1 has a frame 2 which is shown in simplified form and which holds a relatively large container 3 in a stationary manner.
  • the latter is essentially rotationally symmetrical, that is to say it has a vertical axis 4, and has a cylindrical wall 5, at the lower end of which there is a conical wall part 6 which tapers downwards.
  • the container 3 is also provided with a lid 7 which is detachably attached to the wall 5 and has at least one lockable inlet 8 for filling the goods.
  • the conical wall part 6 has at its lower end an outlet 9 which can be shut off with an outlet member 10.
  • the outlet member 10 is designed as a cone valve and has an axially movable, conical closure element 10a, which can be adjusted, for example, with a manual or pneumatic adjusting device.
  • the outlet member 10 can also be designed as a sliding, folding or ball valve.
  • the interior 11 of the container is through a substantially funnel-shaped wall 12 coaxial with the axis 4 into a first, inner part space 11a and a second, outer part space 11b divided.
  • the wall 12 is held stationary by the holding arms 12a and has a conical wall section 13 which is open at the top and tapers downwards and to which a cylindrical wall section 14 adjoins.
  • the lower part of the shaft 15 lying at least partially within the cylindrical wall section 14 is designated 15a and the upper part of the shaft 15 lying within the conical wall section 13 is designated 15b.
  • the lower section 15a of the shaft 15 is provided with a conveying element, namely a worm helix 16, which is formed by an uninterrupted, helical metallic band and serves the material to be mixed through the cylindrical wall section 14 upwards into the conical wall section 13 promote.
  • the outer diameter of the screw helix 16 is dimensioned such that it is separated from the inner wall of the wall section 14 only by a small space.
  • mixing elements 17 are arranged on the upper section 15b of the shaft 15, which serve to mix the part of the material conveyed into the conical section 13 optimally and gently.
  • the shaft 15 with its sealed end section pierces the cover 7 and is driven by a motor 18 of the drive device 19, for example a hydraulic motor, via a transmission at speeds of, for example, 10 to 50 revolutions per minute.
  • a motor 18 of the drive device 19 for example a hydraulic motor
  • the shaft 15 is rotatably supported not only in the cover 8 but also on the outlet member 10.
  • it has a bore 15c and the closure element at its lower end 10a of the outlet member 10 on its surface facing the interior 11 onto a guide pin 10b which fits into the bore 15c, so that the shaft 15 can be plugged onto the closure element 10a and thereby rotatably supported.
  • the guide pin 10b can be designed, for example, as a needle-bearing guide head.
  • elongated vanes 20, triangular in cross section and projecting into the partial space 11b, are fastened to the cylindrical wall section 14, four of which are each arranged radially to one another.
  • the wings 20 essentially serve to distribute the material flowing down in the sub-space 11b by braking the flow speed and thereby shortening the mixing time.
  • the outlet 9 is first closed. Thereafter, the good components to be mixed with one another can be introduced into the container 3 through the opening 8 in the cover 7, during which the shaft 15 is rotated about the container axis 4, so that part of the good to be mixed continuously flows from the lower area of the outer sub-space 11b withdrawn and conveyed upward through the cylindrical wall section 14, moved and mixed within the conical wall section 13 with the mixing elements 17 and then conveyed back into the outer sub-space 11b via the upper edge of the conical wall section 13. Since the screw helix 16 can reach as far as the deepest point of the interior 11, the mixture located at the bottom is also picked up by the screw and conveyed upwards.
  • water vapor or solvent vapor can be evacuated via an inlet connection piece (not shown in the drawing).
  • a container for receiving the treated material can be detachably and tightly attached to the lower end of the outlet member 10. Thereafter, the outlet 9 can be largely released by vertically displacing the closure element 10a. Since the guide bolt 10b of the closure element 10a does not have to be completely moved out of the bore 15c of the shaft 15 for the removal of the mixed material, the shaft 15 can also be rotated about the container axis 4 during the removal of the mixed material, the shaft 15 being used at the outlet Organ 10 remains stored so that the mix can run out evenly and completely.
  • the material is circulated vertically by means of the screw helix 16 and mixed gently within the conical wall section 13.
  • the conveying path of the goods is indicated by arrows 21 and 22.
  • Individual components of the good as well as additives, such as dyes and the like, can also be added to a good part already presented in the container 3 during the rotational movement of the shaft 15 through the inlet 8 provided in the lid.
  • the device according to the invention enables the substances introduced subsequently to be uniformly distributed as soon as they are introduced into the good part placed in the container, so that the mixing time is considerably reduced.
  • FIG. 1 The device described with reference to FIG. 1 represents only a selection of several possible embodiments of the invention and can be changed in various respects.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the invention is therefore shown in FIG. 2.
  • the device designated 101 in its entirety in this figure is largely similar to the device 1 described with reference to FIG. 1, and thus, like this device, has, among other things, a funnel-shaped wall 112 formed from a conical wall section 113 and a cylindrical wall section 114.
  • the device 101 has a somewhat modified conveying element and a cylindrical wall section 114 formed from two half-shells 114a and 114b.
  • the shaft 115 is also provided in the device 101 with a screw helix 116 which is used to convey the goods.
  • the conveying element of the device 101 additionally has, at its end section protruding from the cylindrical wall section 114, a second screw coil 117 which is axially symmetrical with the screw coil 116.
  • This double-winged design of the screw conveyor at least in the lower entry area, serves in particular to largely avoid one-sided pressure loads on the shaft 115.
  • the dimensions of the devices according to the invention can vary within wide limits, the usable container volume being for example in the size of 20 to 200,000 l. Facilities with a relatively large usable container volume can also have a hatch that can be walked on by a service man, so that cleaning, checking and repair work can be done inside the container without having to separate the lid from the cylindrical wall part of the container.
  • the cylindrical wall section 114 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and formed from the two half-shells 114a and 114b is expedient especially for devices of this size.
  • first half-shell 114a is fixedly connected to the conical wall section 113, while the second half-shell 114b is pivotably attached by means of rotating and locking means 118 and 119 arranged on it and on the first half-shell 114a in such a way that - as shown in FIG. 3 -
  • the interior of the cylindrical wall section and the conveying member can be made accessible to the service man for repair and cleaning purposes in a simple manner.
  • the dimensions of the funnel-shaped wall 12 or 112 can of course also be varied.
  • the length of the funnel-shaped wall can be dimensioned such that it extends over approximately 3/4 to 2/3 of the height of the interior (11).
  • the dimensions and shapes of the mixing tools can vary depending on the material to be mixed and the size of the container.
  • the devices according to the invention can also vary in other respects.
  • these can also have a double-walled container in order to selectively cool or heat the material present in the container by introducing a cooling or heating fluid between the two walls of the container.
  • a device according to the invention instead of the vanes 20 shown in FIG. 1, can also have a flow brake formed from a plurality of segments, arranged helically or spirally around the partition wall 12.
  • the devices can also have an electronic control device in order to automatically carry out the control and / or regulating operations that are different for the mixing process.

Abstract

The apparatus has a container (3), in the inner space (11) of which an essentially funnel-shaped wall (12) coaxial to the container axis (4) is arranged. The wall (12) has a top, conical section (13) tapering towards the bottom. A cylindrical wall section (14) adjoins the wall section (13). In addition, a shaft (15) coaxial to the container axis (4) leads through the sectional space (11a) defined by the funnel-shaped wall (12). In this arrangement, the bottom section (15a) of the shaft (15) is provided with a conveying member, namely a worm helix (16), and the top section (15b) of the shaft (15) is provided with mixing members (17). To mix the stock, the shaft (15) is rotated about the container axis (4) so that a portion of the stock to be mixed is continuously drawn off from the bottom area of the outer sectional space (11b) and conveyed through the cylindrical wall section (14) into the conical wall section (13), is agitated and mixed in the latter by the mixing members (17), and is then conveyed back again into the outer sectional space (11b). With the apparatus according to the invention, substances which are added during the mixing operation to stock predetermined in the container (3) are already uniformly distributed in the predetermined stock during the feeding. <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die Einrichtung dient insbesondere dazu, Pulvermischungen, Granulate und dergleiches, beispielsweise Nahrungsmittel und pulverförmige Arzneimittel herzustellen.The device is used in particular to produce powder mixtures, granules and the like, for example foodstuffs and powdered pharmaceuticals.

Auf dem Markt bekannte, für den chargenweisen Betrieb vorgesehene Einrichtungen zum Mischen eines beispielsweise aus teilchenförmigen Komponenten bestehenden Gutes weisen einen vertikal- oder horizontalachsigen Behälter auf, in dessen Innenraum mindestens ein um die Behälterachse drehbares, mehrere Mischorgane aufweisendes Rührwerk gelagert ist.Known on the market devices intended for batch operation for mixing a material consisting, for example, of particulate components have a vertical or horizontal-axis container, in the interior of which at least one agitator having several mixing elements is rotatable about the axis of the container.

Wenn man mit den bekannten Einrichtungen zum Beispiel ein als Nahrungsmittel vorgesehenes, trockenes Gut herstellt, werden die miteinander zu mischenden Gutkomponenten durch eine im Deckel des Behälters vorhandene Öffnung in den Innenraum des Behälters eingebracht. Danach wird das Gut mittels des Rührwerkes bewegt und vermischt, wobei weitere Komponenten und Zusatzstoffe, wie beispielsweise Flüssigkeiten, Farbstoffe und dergleichen, dem Gut während des Mischvorganges noch beigefügt werden können.If, for example, a dry good intended as food is produced with the known devices, the good components to be mixed with one another are introduced into the interior of the container through an opening provided in the lid of the container. The material is then moved and mixed by means of the stirrer, it being possible for further components and additives, such as liquids, dyes and the like, to be added to the material during the mixing process.

Verschiedene Eigenschaften der hergestellten Produkte, wie zum Beispiel die mittlere Teilchengrössse, die Teilchenform und die Verteilung der einzelnen Komponenten hängen nun stark vom Rühr- bzw. Mischvorgang sowie von der Menge des zu mischenden Gutes ab. Die bekannten Einrichtungen weisen in diesem Zusammenhang den Nachteil auf, dass die gesamte Charge des in den Behälter eingebrachten Gutes durch das mindestens eine Mischorgan mehr oder weniger gleichmässig bewegt, jedoch nicht optimal vermischt wird. Wenn man beispielsweise nacheinander verschiedene miteinander zu mischende Komponenten in den Behälter einbringt, kann es verhältnismässig lange dauern, bis diese einigermassen homogen miteinander vermischt sind. Dies wirkt sich insbesondere bei der Zugabe von kleinen Mengen von zusätzlichen Stoffen sehr nachteilig aus, weil dabei die beigefügte Stoffmenge nur sehr langsam im vorgelegten Gut verteilt wird.Different properties of the products manufactured, such as the average particle size, the particle shape and the distribution of the individual components, now depend heavily on the stirring or mixing process and on the amount of the material to be mixed. The known devices point in this Connected the disadvantage that the entire batch of the goods introduced into the container is moved more or less evenly by the at least one mixing element, but is not optimally mixed. If, for example, different components to be mixed with one another are introduced into the container one after the other, it can take a relatively long time until they are mixed to some extent homogeneously with one another. This has a very disadvantageous effect, especially when adding small amounts of additional substances, because the amount of substance added is only distributed very slowly in the product presented.

Zudem besteht - abhängig von der Art der zu mischenden Komponenten und abhängig von der Grösse des Behälters - oft die Gefahr, dass sich die im unteren Teil des Behälters vorhandenen Gutkomponenten durch die Drehbewegung des Rührwerkes und durch den im unteren Bereich des Behälters herrschenden, verhältnismässig hohen und von der Chargenmasse abhängigen Innendruck, relativ stark gegenseitig abreiben, was sich nachteilig auf die Produktequalität auswirkt.In addition, depending on the type of components to be mixed and the size of the container, there is often the risk that the good components present in the lower part of the container will be relatively high due to the rotary movement of the agitator and due to the prevailing in the lower area of the container and the internal pressure, which is dependent on the batch mass, rub each other relatively strongly, which has an adverse effect on the product quality.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung zu schaffen, die Nachteile der bekannten Einrichtungen nicht aufweisen. Dabei soll insbesondere ermöglicht werden, die Komponenten des Gutes verhältnismässig schnell und schonend miteinander zu vermischen, so dass das gebildete Produkt dementsprechend unabhängig von der Grösse des Behälters und unabhängig von der Art des Gutes eine homogene Zusammensetzung sowie die zu erzielende Produktequalität aufweist.The object of the invention is to create a device which does not have the disadvantages of the known devices. In particular, it should be possible to mix the components of the goods relatively quickly and gently, so that the product formed accordingly has a homogeneous composition and the product quality to be achieved, regardless of the size of the container and regardless of the type of goods.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Einrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.This object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

Der Erfindungsgegenstand wird nun anhand von zwei in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Hierbei zeigt

  • die Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten, zum Teil in Ansicht und zum Teil im Querschnitt dargestellten Einrichtung zum Mischen eines Gutes,
  • die Figur 2 einen Teil einer zweiten, zum Teil in Ansicht und zum Teil im Querschnitt dargestellten Einrichtung mit einem aus zwei Halbschalen gebildeten zylindrischen Wandabschnitt und
  • die Figur 3 den in der Figur 3 dargestellte zylindrische Wandabschnitt in vergrössertem Massstab und mit einer herausgeschwenkten Halbschale.
The object of the invention will now be described with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Here shows
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first device for mixing a good, shown partly in view and partly in cross section,
  • 2 shows part of a second device, partly in view and partly in cross section, with a cylindrical wall section formed from two half-shells and
  • 3 shows the cylindrical wall section shown in FIG. 3 on an enlarged scale and with a half-shell pivoted out.

Die in der Figur 1 dargestellte und als ganzes mit 1 bezeichnete Einrichtung besitzt ein vereinfacht dargestelltes Gestell 2, das einen verhältnismässig grossen Behälter 3 ortsfest hält. Letzterer ist im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch, hat also eine vertikale Achse 4, und besitzt eine zylindrische Wand 5, an deren unterem Ende sich ein konusförmiger, sich nach unten verjüngender Wandteil 6 anschliesst. An seinem oberen Ende ist der Behälter 3 zudem mit einem Deckel 7 versehen, der lösbar an der Wand 5 befestigt ist und mindestens einen abschliessbaren Einlass 8 zum Einfüllen des Gutes aufweist. Der konusförmige Wandteil 6 weist schliesslich an seinem unteren Ende einen Auslass 9 auf, der mit einem Auslass-Organ 10 absperrbar ist. Das Auslass-Organ 10 ist dabei als Kegelventil ausgebildet und besitzt ein axial bewegbares, kegelförmiges Verschlusselement 10a, das beispielsweise mit einer manuellen oder pneumatischen Stellvorrichtung verstellbar ist. Hierzu sei erwähnt, dass bei verhältnismässig kleinen Behältern das Auslass-Organ 10 auch als Schiebe- Klapp- oder Kugelventil ausgebildet sein kann.The device shown in FIG. 1 and designated as a whole by 1 has a frame 2 which is shown in simplified form and which holds a relatively large container 3 in a stationary manner. The latter is essentially rotationally symmetrical, that is to say it has a vertical axis 4, and has a cylindrical wall 5, at the lower end of which there is a conical wall part 6 which tapers downwards. At its upper end, the container 3 is also provided with a lid 7 which is detachably attached to the wall 5 and has at least one lockable inlet 8 for filling the goods. Finally, the conical wall part 6 has at its lower end an outlet 9 which can be shut off with an outlet member 10. The outlet member 10 is designed as a cone valve and has an axially movable, conical closure element 10a, which can be adjusted, for example, with a manual or pneumatic adjusting device. For this purpose, it should be mentioned that, in the case of relatively small containers, the outlet member 10 can also be designed as a sliding, folding or ball valve.

Der Innenraum 11 des Behälters ist durch eine zur Achse 4 koaxiale, im wesentlichen trichterförmige Wand 12 in einen ersten, inneren Teilraum 11a und einen zweiten, äusseren Teilraum 11b unterteilt. Die Wand 12 wird dabei durch Haltearme 12a ortsfest gehalten und besitzt einen konusförmigen, oben offenen und sich nach unten verjüngenden Wandabschnitt 13, an den sich ein zylindrischer Wandabschnitt 14 anschliesst.The interior 11 of the container is through a substantially funnel-shaped wall 12 coaxial with the axis 4 into a first, inner part space 11a and a second, outer part space 11b divided. The wall 12 is held stationary by the holding arms 12a and has a conical wall section 13 which is open at the top and tapers downwards and to which a cylindrical wall section 14 adjoins.

Eine im Deckel 7 und am Auslass-Organ 10 drehbar gelagerte Welle 15 führt schliesslich durch den inneren Teilraum 11a. Dabei wird der mindestens zum Teil innerhalb des zylindrischen Wandabschnittes 14 liegenden, untere Teil der Welle 15 mit 15a und der innerhalb des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes 13 liegende, obere Teil der Welle 15 mit 15b bezeichnet.A shaft 15 which is rotatably mounted in the cover 7 and on the outlet element 10 finally leads through the inner partial space 11a. The lower part of the shaft 15 lying at least partially within the cylindrical wall section 14 is designated 15a and the upper part of the shaft 15 lying within the conical wall section 13 is designated 15b.

Der untere Teilabschnitt 15a der Welle 15 ist mit einem Förderorgan, nämlich einer Schnecken-Wendel 16 versehen, die durch ein unterbruchloses, schraubenlinienförmiges metallisches Band gebildet ist und dazu dient das zu mischende Gut durch den zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 14 nach oben in den konusförmigen Wandabschnitt 13 zu fördern. Der äussere Durchmesser der Schnecken-Wendel 16 ist dabei so bemessen, dass diese nur durch einen geringen Zwischenraum von der Innenwand des Wandabschnittes 14 getrennt ist.The lower section 15a of the shaft 15 is provided with a conveying element, namely a worm helix 16, which is formed by an uninterrupted, helical metallic band and serves the material to be mixed through the cylindrical wall section 14 upwards into the conical wall section 13 promote. The outer diameter of the screw helix 16 is dimensioned such that it is separated from the inner wall of the wall section 14 only by a small space.

Am oberen Teilabschnitt 15b der Welle 15 sind schliesslich Mischorgane 17 angeordnet, die dazu dienen, den in den konusförmigen Abschnitt 13 beförderte Teil des Gutes optimal und schonend zu vermischen.Finally, mixing elements 17 are arranged on the upper section 15b of the shaft 15, which serve to mix the part of the material conveyed into the conical section 13 optimally and gently.

Wie aus der Figur 1 ersichtlich ist, durchstösst die Welle 15 mit ihrem abgedichteten Endabschnitt den Deckel 7 und wird von einem, beispielsweise als Hydromotor ausgebildeten Motor 18 der Antriebsvorrichtung 19 über ein Getriebe mit Geschwindigkeiten von beispielsweise 10 bis 50 Umdrehungen pro Minute angetrieben.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the shaft 15 with its sealed end section pierces the cover 7 and is driven by a motor 18 of the drive device 19, for example a hydraulic motor, via a transmission at speeds of, for example, 10 to 50 revolutions per minute.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die Welle 15 nicht nur im Deckel 8 sondern auch am Auslass-Organ 10 drehbar gelagert. Dazu weist sie an ihrem unteren Ende eine Bohrung 15c und das Verschlusselement 10a des Auslass-Organes 10 an seiner dem Innenraum 11 zugewandten Oberfläche einen in die Bohrung 15c passenden Führungsbolzen 10b auf, so dass die Welle 15 auf das Verschlusselement 10a aufgesteckt und dadurch drehbar gelagert werden kann. Der Führungsbolzen 10b kann dabei beispielsweise als nadelgelagerter Führungskopf ausgebildet sein.As already mentioned, the shaft 15 is rotatably supported not only in the cover 8 but also on the outlet member 10. For this purpose, it has a bore 15c and the closure element at its lower end 10a of the outlet member 10 on its surface facing the interior 11 onto a guide pin 10b which fits into the bore 15c, so that the shaft 15 can be plugged onto the closure element 10a and thereby rotatably supported. The guide pin 10b can be designed, for example, as a needle-bearing guide head.

Am zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 14 sind schliesslich acht längliche und im Querschnitt dreieckige, in den Teilraum 11b hinausragende Flügel 20 befestigt, von denen jeweils vier radial zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Flügel 20 dienen im wesentlichen dazu, das im Teilraum 11b hinunterströmende Gut durch Abbremsen der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zu verteilen und dadurch die Mischzeit zu verkürzen.Finally, eight elongated vanes 20, triangular in cross section and projecting into the partial space 11b, are fastened to the cylindrical wall section 14, four of which are each arranged radially to one another. The wings 20 essentially serve to distribute the material flowing down in the sub-space 11b by braking the flow speed and thereby shortening the mixing time.

Wenn die Einrichtung beispielsweise zur Bildung eines körnigen oder pulverförmigen Mischgutes aus zwei oder mehr Komponenten verwendet werden soll, wird zunächst der Auslass 9 geschlossen. Danach können die miteinander zu mischenden Gutkomponenten durch die im Deckel 7 vorhandene Öffnung 8 in den Behälter 3 eingebracht werden, während dem die Welle 15 um die Behälterachse 4 gedreht wird, so dass fortlaufend ein Teil des zu mischenden Gutes aus dem unteren Bereich des äusseren Teilraumes 11b abgezogen und durch den zylindrischen Wandabschnittes 14 hindurch nach oben befördert, innerhalb des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes 13 mit den Mischorganen 17 bewegt und vermischt und anschliessend über den oberen Rand des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes 13 wieder in den äusseren Teilraum llb zurückbefördert wird. Da die Schnecken-Wendel 16 bis zur tiefsten Stelle des Innenraumes 11 greifen kann, wird auch das sich zunterst befindende Mischgut von der Schnecke erfasst und nach oben befördert.If the device is to be used, for example, to form a granular or powdery mixture of two or more components, the outlet 9 is first closed. Thereafter, the good components to be mixed with one another can be introduced into the container 3 through the opening 8 in the cover 7, during which the shaft 15 is rotated about the container axis 4, so that part of the good to be mixed continuously flows from the lower area of the outer sub-space 11b withdrawn and conveyed upward through the cylindrical wall section 14, moved and mixed within the conical wall section 13 with the mixing elements 17 and then conveyed back into the outer sub-space 11b via the upper edge of the conical wall section 13. Since the screw helix 16 can reach as far as the deepest point of the interior 11, the mixture located at the bottom is also picked up by the screw and conveyed upwards.

Falls das sich im Behälter 3 befindende Gut statt gemischt oder zusätzlich zum Mischen getrocknet werden soll, kann über einen in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Einlass-Stutzen Wasserdampf oder Lösungsmitteldampf evakuiert werden.If the material in the container 3 is to be mixed instead of mixed or to be dried in addition to mixing, water vapor or solvent vapor can be evacuated via an inlet connection piece (not shown in the drawing).

Wenn das Mischen und/oder Trocknen des Gutes abgeschlossen ist, kann beispielsweise ein zum Aufnehmen des behandelten Gutes dienender Behälter lösbar und dicht am unteren Ende des Auslass-Organes 10 befestigt werden. Danach kann der Auslass 9 durch vertikales Verschieben des Verschlusselementes 10a grösstenteils freigegeben werden. Da für die Entnahme des Mischgutes der Führungsbolzen 10b des Verschlusselementes 10a nicht vollständig aus der Bohrung 15c der Welle 15 gefahren werden muss, kann die Welle 15 auch während der Entnahme des Mischgutes um die Behälterachse 4 gedreht werden, wobei die Welle 15 dazu am Auslass-Organ 10 gelagert bleibt, so dass das Mischgut gleichmässig und vollständig auslaufen kann.When the mixing and / or drying of the material is complete, for example a container for receiving the treated material can be detachably and tightly attached to the lower end of the outlet member 10. Thereafter, the outlet 9 can be largely released by vertically displacing the closure element 10a. Since the guide bolt 10b of the closure element 10a does not have to be completely moved out of the bore 15c of the shaft 15 for the removal of the mixed material, the shaft 15 can also be rotated about the container axis 4 during the removal of the mixed material, the shaft 15 being used at the outlet Organ 10 remains stored so that the mix can run out evenly and completely.

Nachdem nun der allgemeine Ablauf des Mischvorganges beschrieben wurde, sollen die Vorteile der Erfindung näher erläutert werden.Now that the general sequence of the mixing process has been described, the advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail.

Das Gut wird mittels der Schnecken-Wendel 16 vertikal umgewälzt und innerhalb des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes 13 schonend vermischt. Der Förderweg des Gutes ist dabei durch die Pfeile 21 und 22 angedeutet. Einzelnen Komponenten des Gutes sowie auch Zusatzstoffe, wie beispielsweise Farbstoffe und dergleichen, können auch während der Drehbewegung der Welle 15 durch den im Deckel vorhandenen Einlass 8 einem im Behälter 3 bereits vorgelegten Gutteil beigefügt werden. In diesem Fall ermöglicht die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung, dass die nachträglich eingebrachten Stoffe bereits beim Eintragen in dem im Behälter vorgelegten Gutteil gleichmässig verteilt werden, so dass sich dadurch die Mischzeit wesentlich verkürzt.The material is circulated vertically by means of the screw helix 16 and mixed gently within the conical wall section 13. The conveying path of the goods is indicated by arrows 21 and 22. Individual components of the good as well as additives, such as dyes and the like, can also be added to a good part already presented in the container 3 during the rotational movement of the shaft 15 through the inlet 8 provided in the lid. In this case, the device according to the invention enables the substances introduced subsequently to be uniformly distributed as soon as they are introduced into the good part placed in the container, so that the mixing time is considerably reduced.

Wie bereits in der Einleitung erwähnt, kann es abhängig von der Art der Ausgangsstoffe und der Grösse des Behälters vorkommen, dass bei der Herstellung von Mischungen die Gutteilchen durch Scherkräfte gegenseitig abreiben, wodurch sich die Qualität des herzustellenden Produktes verschlechtert. Ein derartiges Abreiben der Gutteilchen wir durch die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung weitgehend vermieden.As already mentioned in the introduction, depending on the type of starting materials and the size of the container, it can happen that the good particles rub each other by shear forces when producing mixtures, which worsens the quality of the product to be manufactured. A such abrasion of the good particles is largely avoided by the device according to the invention.

Die anhand der Figur 1 beschriebene Einrichtung stellt nur eine Auswahl von mehreren möglichen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung dar und kann in verschiedener Hinsicht geändert werden.The device described with reference to FIG. 1 represents only a selection of several possible embodiments of the invention and can be changed in various respects.

Ein andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist daher in der Figur 2 dargestellt. Die in dieser Figur als ganzes mit 101 bezeichnete Einrichtung ist weitgehend ähnlich wie die anhand der Figur 1 beschriebene Einrichtung 1 ausgebildet, besitzt also wie diese unter anderem eine aus einem konusförmigen Wandabschnitt 113 und einem zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 114 gebildete trichterförmige Wand 112. Im Gegensatz zur Einrichtung 1 weist die Einrichtung 101 aber ein etwas modifizertes Förderorgan sowie einen aus zwei Halbschalen 114a und 114b gebildeten zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 114 auf.Another embodiment of the invention is therefore shown in FIG. 2. The device designated 101 in its entirety in this figure is largely similar to the device 1 described with reference to FIG. 1, and thus, like this device, has, among other things, a funnel-shaped wall 112 formed from a conical wall section 113 and a cylindrical wall section 114. In contrast to the device 1, the device 101 has a somewhat modified conveying element and a cylindrical wall section 114 formed from two half-shells 114a and 114b.

Wie auch in der Einrichtung 1 so ist auch in der Einrichtung 101 die Welle 115 mit einer zum Befördern des Gutes dienenden Schnecken-Wendel 116 versehen. Wie nun aus der Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, weist das Förderorgan der Einrichtung 101 an seinem aus dem zylindrischen Wandabschnitt 114 herausragenden Endabschnitt noch zusätzlich eine zur Schnecken-Wendel 116 achsensymetrisch angeordnete zweite Schnecken-Wendel 117 auf. Diese doppleflügige Ausbildungsform der Förderschnecke mindestens im unteren Eintragungs-Bereich dient insbesondere dazu, einseitige Druckbelastungen auf die Welle 115 weitgehend zu vermeiden.As in the device 1, the shaft 115 is also provided in the device 101 with a screw helix 116 which is used to convey the goods. As can now be seen from FIG. 2, the conveying element of the device 101 additionally has, at its end section protruding from the cylindrical wall section 114, a second screw coil 117 which is axially symmetrical with the screw coil 116. This double-winged design of the screw conveyor, at least in the lower entry area, serves in particular to largely avoid one-sided pressure loads on the shaft 115.

Die Abmessungen der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtungen können in weiten Grenzen variieren, wobei das Behälter-Nutzvolumen beispielsweise in der Grösse von 20 bis 200'000 l liegen kann. So können Einrichtungen mit einem verhältnismässig grossen Behälter-Nutzvolumen auch eine für einen Servicemann begehbare Luke aufweisen, so dass Reinigungs- Kontroll- und Reparaturarbeiten im Innern des Behälters verrichtet werden können, ohne dass dazu der Deckel vom zylindrischen Wandteil des Behälters getrennt werden muss. Speziell für derart grosse Einrichtungen ist der in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellte, aus den zwei Halbschalen 114a und 114b gebildete, zylindrische Wandabschnitt 114 zweckmässig. Hierbei ist die erste Halbschale 114a fest mit dem konusförmigen Wandabschnitt 113 verbunden, während die zweite Halbschale 114b mittels an ihr und an der ersten Halbschale 114a angeordneten Dreh- und Verschlusselmitteln 118 bzw. 119 derart verschwenkbar befestigt ist, dass - wie in der Figur 3 dargestellt - das Innere des zylindrischen Wandabschnittes und das Förderorgan auf einfache Art und Weise dem Servicemann für Reparatur- und Reinigungszwecke zugänglich gemacht werden kann.The dimensions of the devices according to the invention can vary within wide limits, the usable container volume being for example in the size of 20 to 200,000 l. Facilities with a relatively large usable container volume can also have a hatch that can be walked on by a service man, so that cleaning, checking and repair work can be done inside the container without having to separate the lid from the cylindrical wall part of the container. The cylindrical wall section 114 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and formed from the two half-shells 114a and 114b is expedient especially for devices of this size. Here, the first half-shell 114a is fixedly connected to the conical wall section 113, while the second half-shell 114b is pivotably attached by means of rotating and locking means 118 and 119 arranged on it and on the first half-shell 114a in such a way that - as shown in FIG. 3 - The interior of the cylindrical wall section and the conveying member can be made accessible to the service man for repair and cleaning purposes in a simple manner.

Abhängig vom Behälter-Nutzvolumen können selbstverständlich auch die Abmessungen der trichterförmigen Wand 12 bzw. 112 variiert werden. So kann beispielsweise die Länge der trichterförmigen Wand derart bemessen sein, dass sich diese über ungefähr 3/4 bis 2/3 der Höhe des Innenraumes (11) erstreckt. Ebenso können die Abmessungen und Formen der Mischwerkzeuge abhängig vom zu mischenden Gut und abhängig von der Grösse des Behälters variieren.Depending on the usable volume of the container, the dimensions of the funnel-shaped wall 12 or 112 can of course also be varied. For example, the length of the funnel-shaped wall can be dimensioned such that it extends over approximately 3/4 to 2/3 of the height of the interior (11). Likewise, the dimensions and shapes of the mixing tools can vary depending on the material to be mixed and the size of the container.

Die erfindungsgemässen Einrichtungen können abgesehen von ihren unterschiedlichen Abmessungen auch noch in anderer Hinsicht variieren. So können diese beispielsweise auch einen doppelwandigen Behälter aufweisen, um das im Behälter vorhandene Gut durch Einleiten eines Kühl- oder Heizfluides zwischen die beiden Wände des Behälters wahlweise zu kühlen oder zu erwärmen.Apart from their different dimensions, the devices according to the invention can also vary in other respects. For example, these can also have a double-walled container in order to selectively cool or heat the material present in the container by introducing a cooling or heating fluid between the two walls of the container.

Ferner kann eine erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung anstelle der in der Figur 1 dargestellten Flügel 20 auch eine aus mehreren Segmenten gebildete, wendel- oder spiralförmig um die Trennwand 12 herum angeordnete Strömungsbremse aufweisen.Furthermore, a device according to the invention, instead of the vanes 20 shown in FIG. 1, can also have a flow brake formed from a plurality of segments, arranged helically or spirally around the partition wall 12.

Schliesslich sei noch erwähnt, dass die Einrichtungen auch eine elektronische Steuervorrichtung aufweisen können, um die für den Mischvorgang verschiedenen Steuer- und/oder Regeloperationen automatisch durchzuführen.Finally, it should also be mentioned that the devices can also have an electronic control device in order to automatically carry out the control and / or regulating operations that are different for the mixing process.

Claims (8)

Zum Bewegen, insbesondere Mischen und/oder Trocknen eines Gutes dienende Einrichtung mit einem vertikalachsigen Behälter (3), einem in dessen Innenraum (11) mündenden GutEinlass (8) und einem aus diesem herausführenden Gut-Auslass (9) sowie mindestens einem um die Behälterachse (4) drehbaren Mischorgan (17), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Behälter (3) eine koaxial zur vertikalen Achse (4) angeordnete und im wesentlichen trichterförmige Wand (12) angeordnet ist, die aus einem oben offenen und sich nach unten konusförmig verjüngenden, oberen Wandabschnitt (13) und einem sich an diesen anschliessenden zylindrischen, unteren Wandabschnitt (14) besteht, dass ein Förderorgan innerhalb des zylindrischen Wandabschnittes (14) angeordnet ist, um das zu mischende Gut nach oben in den konusförmigen Wandabschnitt (13) zu befördern und dass das mindestens eine Mischorgan (17) innerhalb des konusförmigen Wandabschnittes (13) angeordnet ist.Device for moving, in particular mixing and / or drying, a good with a vertical-axis container (3), a good inlet (8) opening into its interior (11) and a good outlet (9) leading out of this and at least one around the container axis (4) rotatable mixing element (17), characterized in that in the container (3) a coaxial to the vertical axis (4) and essentially funnel-shaped wall (12) is arranged, which consists of an open at the top and tapering downwards, Upper wall section (13) and a cylindrical, lower wall section (14) adjoining this there is that a conveying member is arranged within the cylindrical wall section (14) in order to convey the material to be mixed upwards into the conical wall section (13) and that the at least one mixing element (17) is arranged within the conical wall section (13). Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zur Behälterachse (4) koaxiale Welle (15) durch die beiden, die trichterförmige Wand (12) bildenden Wandabschnitte (13, 14) hindurchführt und dass an dieser Welle (15) das Förderorgan und das mindestens eine Mischorgan (17) angeordnet sind.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a shaft (15) coaxial to the container axis (4) passes through the two wall sections (13, 14) forming the funnel-shaped wall (12) and that the conveying member and the at least one mixing element (17) are arranged. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beide Enden der durch den inneren Teilraum (11a) hindurchgeführten Welle (15) drehbar gelagert sind.Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the two ends of the shaft (15) passed through the inner partial space (11a) are rotatably mounted. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Förderorgan durch eine Schnecken-Wendel (16) gebildet wird.Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the conveying member is formed by a screw helix (16). Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Förderorgan mindestens an seinem aus dem zylindrischen Wandabschnitt (14,114) herausragenden Endabschnitt eine zur erstgenannten Schnecken-Wendel (16,116) achsensymetrisch angeordnete zweite Schnecken-Wendel (117) besitzt.Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveying member at least on its cylindrical End section protruding from the wall section (14, 114) has a second screw helix (117) arranged axially symmetrically with respect to the first-mentioned worm helix (16, 116). Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (3) eine zylindrische Wand (5) aufweist, an deren unterem Ende sich ein konusförmiger, sich nach unten verjüngender Wandteil (6) anschliesst.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the container (3) has a cylindrical wall (5), at the lower end of which a conical, tapering wall part (6) adjoins. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Länge der im wesentlichen trichterförmigen Wand (12,112) derart bemessen ist, dass sich die trichterförmige Wand (12,112) über ungefähr 3/4 bis 2/3 der Höhe des Innenraumes (11) erstreckt.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the length of the substantially funnel-shaped wall (12, 112) is dimensioned such that the funnel-shaped wall (12, 112) extends over approximately 3/4 to 2/3 of the height of the interior (11 ) extends. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zylindrische Wandabschnitt (114) der trichterförmigen Wand (112) aus einer ersten und einer zweiten Halbschale (114a,114b) besteht, wobei die erste Halbschale (114a) mit dem konusförmigen Wandabschnitt (113) fest verbunden und die zweite Halbschale (114b) mittels an ihr und an der ersten Halbschale (114a) angeordneten Dreh- und Verschlusselmitteln (118,119) verschwenkbar an der ersten Halbschale (114a) angeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cylindrical wall portion (114) of the funnel-shaped wall (112) consists of a first and a second half-shell (114a, 114b), the first half-shell (114a) with the conical wall portion (113) and the second half-shell (114b) is pivotably arranged on the first half-shell (114a) by means of rotating and locking means (118, 119) arranged on it and on the first half-shell (114a).
EP94810284A 1993-05-13 1994-05-13 Apparatus for agitating, especially mixing and/or drying a stock Expired - Lifetime EP0624768B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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CH145793 1993-05-13
CH145793 1993-05-13
CH1457/93 1993-05-13

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3009487A1 (en) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-13 Maurice Guillot DEVICE FOR DRYING HOLLOW FRUIT AND SEED
CN108568919A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-25 重庆瑞霆塑胶有限公司 Plastic material agitating device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2207360A (en) * 1937-08-20 1940-07-09 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Drier
DE1063529B (en) * 1958-06-12 1959-08-13 Dr Walther Fischer Ground dryer for grain or similar grainy goods
US3563399A (en) * 1967-05-15 1971-02-16 Charles C Shivers Method for circulating grain stored in a circular bin
DE2228429A1 (en) * 1972-06-10 1973-12-20 Cramer & Soehne Maschf Mixer for dyed plastics - is divided vessel with one part swinging open for easy cleaning
US3797702A (en) * 1971-03-29 1974-03-19 J Robertson Scrap recovery and feed system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2207360A (en) * 1937-08-20 1940-07-09 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Drier
DE1063529B (en) * 1958-06-12 1959-08-13 Dr Walther Fischer Ground dryer for grain or similar grainy goods
US3563399A (en) * 1967-05-15 1971-02-16 Charles C Shivers Method for circulating grain stored in a circular bin
US3563399B1 (en) * 1967-05-15 1986-08-12
US3797702A (en) * 1971-03-29 1974-03-19 J Robertson Scrap recovery and feed system
DE2228429A1 (en) * 1972-06-10 1973-12-20 Cramer & Soehne Maschf Mixer for dyed plastics - is divided vessel with one part swinging open for easy cleaning

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3009487A1 (en) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-13 Maurice Guillot DEVICE FOR DRYING HOLLOW FRUIT AND SEED
CN108568919A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-25 重庆瑞霆塑胶有限公司 Plastic material agitating device

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ATE188028T1 (en) 2000-01-15
DE59409018D1 (en) 2000-01-27
EP0624768B1 (en) 1999-12-22

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