EP0694644A1 - Method of producing a non woven sheet comprising continuous filaments bonded together and sheet thus obtained - Google Patents

Method of producing a non woven sheet comprising continuous filaments bonded together and sheet thus obtained Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0694644A1
EP0694644A1 EP94440050A EP94440050A EP0694644A1 EP 0694644 A1 EP0694644 A1 EP 0694644A1 EP 94440050 A EP94440050 A EP 94440050A EP 94440050 A EP94440050 A EP 94440050A EP 0694644 A1 EP0694644 A1 EP 0694644A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filaments
nonwoven web
manufacturing
jets
continuous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94440050A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0694644B2 (en
EP0694644B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Baravian
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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Freudenberg Spunweb SA
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Priority to FR9304919A priority Critical patent/FR2705698B1/en
Priority to US08/053,367 priority patent/US5355565A/en
Priority to DE69421612T priority patent/DE69421612T3/en
Priority claimed from ZA945637A external-priority patent/ZA945637B/en
Priority to EP94440050A priority patent/EP0694644B2/en
Priority to SI9430302T priority patent/SI0694644T1/en
Priority to DK94440050T priority patent/DK0694644T3/en
Priority to DE0694644T priority patent/DE694644T1/en
Priority to AT94440050T priority patent/ATE186578T1/en
Application filed by Freudenberg Spunweb SA filed Critical Freudenberg Spunweb SA
Priority to PT94440050T priority patent/PT694644E/en
Priority to ES94440050T priority patent/ES2141812T3/en
Publication of EP0694644A1 publication Critical patent/EP0694644A1/en
Publication of EP0694644B1 publication Critical patent/EP0694644B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to GR20000400294T priority patent/GR3032596T3/en
Publication of EP0694644B2 publication Critical patent/EP0694644B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D04H1/43918—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/018—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of the production of nonwoven webs or bands, of continuous filaments obtained by spinning polymers in the molten state, and relates to a process for manufacturing a nonwoven web constituted continuous filaments linked together, as well as a sheet thus obtained.
  • These current bonding methods consist in treating by jets of fluids, in particular by high-pressure water jet, the nonwovens obtained by techniques such as the wet process or the dry process (by mechanical or pneumatic carding of fibers of 20 up to 80 mm in length).
  • the wet process uses short, flat fibers, rarely exceeding 20 mm in length.
  • the dry route uses generally crimped fibers, which greatly facilitates the production of unitary sails, the length of which can be up to 80 mm.
  • Nonwoven webs most often use mixtures of synthetic fibers, with the possible addition of artificial or natural fibers.
  • Natural or artificial fibers often of cellulose origin, allow, by their presence, a better yield of binding by jets of water under pressure because of their sensitivity to this element.
  • the great mobility of the cut fibers allows a rearrangement of the structure by sliding all or part of the fibers in the direction of the lines of force exerted perpendicular to the plane of the sheet.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to overcome these drawbacks.
  • It relates, in fact, to a process for manufacturing a nonwoven web made up of continuous filaments bonded together, characterized in that it consists in producing a nonwoven web from biconstituated filaments having a crimping, then subjecting said ply to jets of fluid under high pressure, the mechanical action of which causes entanglement and interlacing of the crimped filaments constituting said ply.
  • the manufacturing process consists, first of all, in producing a nonwoven web from biconstituated filaments having a crimp, then in subjecting said web to jets of fluid under high pressure, of which the 'mechanical action causes entanglement and interlacing of the crimped filaments constituting said sheet.
  • the maximum deformation of a filamentary element composed of a crimped filament is significantly greater than that of a filamentary element composed of a straight, flat or right ( Figure 1), for elements with identical distances between their ends.
  • the force required for the displacement or deformation of such a crimped filament is less than that required for a straight filament, for a similar result.
  • the biconstituted and crimped filaments, constituting the nonwoven web have a bimetal structure comprising two elementary filament components consisting of two different polymers.
  • nonwoven web composed of curly continuous filaments, with a bimetal structure can in particular be carried out according to the method described in French deposit n ° 83 08770, leading to spontaneous, intense and stable crimping due to the behavior asymmetric filaments during air cooling or during drawing.
  • Biconstituated filaments comprising two filamentary components side by side, are advantageously composed of two different polymers, in the form in particular of a combination, on the one hand, of a polyamide chosen from the group formed by polyamide 66, the polyamide 6 and polyamide 11 and, on the other hand, a polyester chosen from the group formed by polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and copolyester.
  • polyester-polypropylene, polyamide-polypropylene couples, couples of two different types of polyamides or different polyester couples, such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, are also very suitable for obtaining bimetallic structures leading to a spontaneous crimp.
  • the proportions of the two polymers, constituting the bimetallic strip can vary in notable proportions from 95/5 to 5/95.
  • the relative proportions of one and the other of the constituents also influence the quality and intensity of the crimp.
  • the adjustment of this proportion of the one and the other constituent is one of the means of regulating the crimping of the filaments.
  • filaments can be obtained by various known spinning / extrusion methods and present, in addition to a circular section, various sections such as, for example, trilobed, quadrangular sections, or else in the form of crescents or quarters.
  • the latter can, if necessary, be increased by additional chemical treatments, such as those described in the aforementioned deposit or physical treatments such as heat treatment causing differential shrinkage on each of the polymers.
  • the method can advantageously consist, in the case of elementary filamentary components made of incompatible polymers, in subjecting, via the jets of fluid, the filaments of the nonwoven woven to a mechanical action, the intensity of which is such that said filaments are dissociated into their elementary filament components, the latter then being interlaced and entangled under the effect of said jets of fluid.
  • the complete separation or dissociation of said filament is effective under the action of jets of water under high pressure and thus allows d '' obtain, for example, from a biconstituted filament of 2 dtex, two 1 dtex filaments separated.
  • This lowering of the titer of the filaments also contributes to obtaining a better reaction of the fibrous network to the mechanical action of the water jets improving the entanglement.
  • the titer of the biconstituent filaments used is less than 4 dtex, said filaments having a crimp frequency of 3 to 30 crimps per centimeter, preferably 8 to 20 crimps per centimeter and a crimp rate of 50 to 400%.
  • crimp designates in this specification the waviness in space of a wire or a filament and can be defined numerically by the values of the crimp frequency, designating the number of crimps per unit length of wire or of filament, and the crimp rate indicating, in percentage, the difference between the straightened length and the crimped length of the wire or filament compared to the straightened length of the latter or of the latter.
  • the nonwoven web produced by means of biconstituted and crimped filaments has a weight of 10 to 400 g / m2, preferably from 20 to 200 g / m2.
  • the fluid jets consist of water jets applied under a pressure of 50 to 300 x 105 Pa, preferably from 100 x 105 to 250 x 105 Pa, said jets being advantageously applied to the two sides of the nonwoven web.
  • the nozzles for generating the jets of fluid may advantageously have a diameter of ejection orifices comprised between 100 ⁇ m and 250 ⁇ m, said nozzles being grouped on bars, arranged in one or more rows, with a spacing between orifices of ejection preferably between 0.2 and 1.2 mm.
  • the fabrics supporting the nonwoven, during the binding treatment are made of metallic or synthetic filaments and their type of structure and the tightening of the mesh conditions the appearance of the nonwoven after the treatment, as well as the dimensions and the nozzle spacing.
  • the fabrics supporting the nonwoven web during the application of the fluid jets consist of tight metallic fabrics of 80 to 120 mesh.
  • the working speed possibilities depend on the titer of the filaments, their Young's modulus, their sensitivity to water, the weight / m2 of the nonwoven, of course the energy available per unit area, and finally the desired binding effect. They can be located between 10 and 100 m / min or even more for very light sheets.
  • a subject of the invention is also a nonwoven web, obtained by the method described above, and composed either of biconstitued continuous filaments comprising a crimp, said web having a linked structure resulting from entanglement and an intense intertwining of said filaments, that is to say of continuous curled tangled and interlaced filaments, consisting of two different materials and obtained by dissociation of biconstitued continuous filaments with bimetal structure.
  • the plies thus treated have, on the one hand, the properties of nonwovens of continuous filaments, such as very high levels of resistance to tearing, tearing and puncturing, but also, on the other hand, the flexibility , the drape, opacity and the so-called "lintfree” property, that is to say having no free fibers or fibrils, which represents a considerable advantage in medical and surgical applications such as dressings, operating field, medical gowns or the like, and provides high resistance to rubbing and household washing. These properties can be further improved by conventional finishing treatments in the textile industry.
  • textile finishing treatments such as dyeing, printing by transfer methods, pigmentary or fixed-washed printing, scraping or emery-treating treatments or the like may advantageously be carried out according to the applications. .
  • the applications of tablecloths thus obtained can also extend to other textile applications such as furniture (drapes, wall coverings, clothing in the traditional flannelized or felted aspects, seat or bedding coverings, blankets, etc ...), coating supports (shoes, leather goods, luggage, automotive interior trim, etc %) or synthetic suede or coated leathers obtained by impregnating flexible binders or for example polyurethanes coagulated.
  • furniture drapes, wall coverings, clothing in the traditional flannelized or felted aspects, seat or bedding coverings, blankets, etc
  • coating supports shoes, leather goods, luggage, automotive interior trim, etc
  • synthetic suede or coated leathers obtained by impregnating flexible binders or for example polyurethanes coagulated.
  • the 110 g / m2 sheet thus obtained consisting of bicomponent filaments and whose spontaneous crimp, revealed on receipt on the receiving apron, is 16 crimps / cm, is then transported at a speed of 12 m / minute to a water jet binding device equipped with a 100 mesh metallic transport fabric with an opening of 25%.
  • the tying device makes it possible to successively treat the nonwoven on one face, then the other, using two sets of four rows (bars) of jets spaced apart from each other by 0.6 mm.
  • the nozzle orifices have a diameter of 100 ⁇ and the pressures of the water jets of each of the rows are successively 160 - 220 - 140 - 140 x 105 Pa on the first set and on one face, the same for the second set located on the other side of the tablecloth.
  • the tablecloth after wringing, is dried on a through air drum, at a temperature of 160 ° C.
  • the tablecloth obtained has a very soft touch and is very flexible.
  • the breaking load as well as the energy of rupture of the sheet, measured according to standard AFNOR GO7OO1, the resistance to tear initiated, measured according to standard AFNOR GO7055 and the resistance to bursting, according to standard AFNOR GO7112 are with a very high level; flexural rigidity is achieved in accordance with ISO / TC.94 / SC 1139 F 3/70.
  • the deformation under load is also very limited, which perfectly demonstrates the very good level of bonding.
  • a nonwoven web made up of continuous and crimped filaments with a bimetal structure of polyamide 6.6 / polyethylene terephthalate (50/50) of 1.5 dtex bonded by jets of water under pressure according to the method described above, and, on the other hand, a nonwoven web (B) made up of monolame filaments, continuous and uncrimped, of 1.5 dtex, and polyester polyethylene terephthalate compounds.

Abstract

Non-woven sheet of continuous interconnected filaments is produced from bi-constituted filaments of less than 4 dtex comprising two interconnected elemental filament components of different polymers. Differential shrinkage is imparted to the filaments to produce a curl frequency of 3-30 curls per cm., 50-400 percent filament bunching and formation of a non-woven sheet weighing 10-400 grams per metre. The sheet is subjected to water jets at a pressure of 50-300 X 10 Pa to interface and entangle the curled filaments and separate the interconnected elemental filament components from each other. The resulting non-woven sheet is specifically claimed. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine de la réalisation de nappes ou de bandes de non-tissé, en filaments continus obtenus par filage de polymères à l'état fondu, et a pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une nappe de non-tissé constituée de filaments continus liés entre eux, ainsi qu'une nappe ainsi obtenue.The present invention relates to the field of the production of nonwoven webs or bands, of continuous filaments obtained by spinning polymers in the molten state, and relates to a process for manufacturing a nonwoven web constituted continuous filaments linked together, as well as a sheet thus obtained.

Parmi les techniques actuelles de liage de filaments, il existe notamment le liage par jets de fluide tels des jets d'air, de vapeur d'eau, de solutions acqueuses diverses ou encore de jets d'eau sous haute pression.Among the current techniques for tying filaments, there is in particular tying by jets of fluid such as air jets, water vapor, various aqueous solutions or even water jets under high pressure.

Ces procédés de liage actuels consistent à traiter par jets de fluides, notamment par jet d'eau sous haute pression, les non-tissés obtenus par des techniques telles que la voie humide ou la voie sèche (par cardage mécanique ou pneumatique de fibres de 20 jusqu'à 80 mm de longueur).These current bonding methods consist in treating by jets of fluids, in particular by high-pressure water jet, the nonwovens obtained by techniques such as the wet process or the dry process (by mechanical or pneumatic carding of fibers of 20 up to 80 mm in length).

La voie humide fait appel à des fibres courtes et plates, de longueur dépassant rarement 20 mm.The wet process uses short, flat fibers, rarely exceeding 20 mm in length.

La voie sèche, quant à elle, utilise des fibres généralement frisées, ce qui facilite grandement la réalisation de voiles unitaires, dont la longueur peut aller jusqu'à 80 mm.The dry route, on the other hand, uses generally crimped fibers, which greatly facilitates the production of unitary sails, the length of which can be up to 80 mm.

Ces deux procédés de formation de nappes de non-tissés font le plus souvent appel à des mélanges de fibres synthétiques, avec ajout éventuel de fibres artificielles ou naturelles. Les fibres naturelles ou artificielles, souvent d'origine cellulosique, permettent, par leur présence, un meilleur rendement du liage par jets d'eau sous pression du fait de leur sensibilité à cet élément.These two methods of forming nonwoven webs most often use mixtures of synthetic fibers, with the possible addition of artificial or natural fibers. Natural or artificial fibers, often of cellulose origin, allow, by their presence, a better yield of binding by jets of water under pressure because of their sensitivity to this element.

Par ailleurs, la grande mobilité des fibres coupées, déplacées sous l'action des jets, permet un réaménagement de la structure par glissement de tout ou partie des fibres dans la direction des lignes de forces exercées perpendiculairement au plan de la nappe.Furthermore, the great mobility of the cut fibers, displaced under the action of the jets, allows a rearrangement of the structure by sliding all or part of the fibers in the direction of the lines of force exerted perpendicular to the plane of the sheet.

Mais ces procédés de traitement des non-tissés par jets de fluides, lorsque lesdits non-tissés sont formés de filaments continus et rectilignes de polymères synthétiques, s'opèrent très difficilement, du fait de la continuité même des filaments qui représente un frein à leur mobilité, rend leur enchevêtrement très malaisé et nécessite des pressions de jets très élevées, supérieures à 200 x 10⁵ Pa pour un résultat de liage médiocre, à savoir une nappe de non-tissé ne présentant pas de caractéristiques améliorées ou de propriétés supplémentaires avantageuses par rapport aux nappes de non-tissés en filaments continus traditionnelles.However, these methods of treating nonwovens by jets of fluids, when said nonwovens are formed from continuous and rectilinear filaments of synthetic polymers, operate very with difficulty, because of the very continuity of the filaments which represents a brake on their mobility, makes their entanglement very difficult and requires very high jet pressures, greater than 200 x 10⁵ Pa for a poor binding result, namely a nonwoven web having no improved characteristics or additional properties advantageous compared to to the layers of nonwovens made of traditional continuous filaments.

La présente invention a notamment pour objet de pallier ces inconvénients.The object of the present invention is in particular to overcome these drawbacks.

Elle a, en effet, pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une nappe de non-tissé constituée de filaments continus liés entre eux, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à réaliser une nappe de non-tissé à partir de filaments biconstitués présentant une frisure, puis à soumettre ladite nappe à des jets de fluide sous haute pression, dont l'action mécanique entraîne un enchevêtrement et un entrelacement des filaments frisés constituant ladite nappe.It relates, in fact, to a process for manufacturing a nonwoven web made up of continuous filaments bonded together, characterized in that it consists in producing a nonwoven web from biconstituated filaments having a crimping, then subjecting said ply to jets of fluid under high pressure, the mechanical action of which causes entanglement and interlacing of the crimped filaments constituting said ply.

L'invention sera mieux comprise grâce à la description ci-après, qui se rapporte à un mode de réalisation préféré, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et expliqué avec référence aux dessins schématiques, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement la déformation d'un fil plat sous l'action d'un jet de fluide selon les procédés classiques, et
  • la figure 2 représente schématiquement la déformation d'un fil frisé sous l'action d'un jet de fluide conformément au procédé selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood thanks to the description below, which relates to a preferred embodiment, given by way of nonlimiting example, and explained with reference to the schematic drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 shows schematically the deformation of a flat wire under the action of a jet of fluid according to conventional methods, and
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents the deformation of a crimped wire under the action of a jet of fluid in accordance with the method according to the invention.

Conformément à l'invention, le procédé de fabrication consiste, tout d'abord, à réaliser une nappe de non-tissé à partir de filaments biconstitués présentant une frisure, puis à soumettre ladite nappe à des jets de fluide sous haute pression, dont l'action mécanique entraîne un enchevêtrement et un entrelacement des filaments frisés constituant ladite nappe.According to the invention, the manufacturing process consists, first of all, in producing a nonwoven web from biconstituated filaments having a crimp, then in subjecting said web to jets of fluid under high pressure, of which the 'mechanical action causes entanglement and interlacing of the crimped filaments constituting said sheet.

Comme le montrent les figures 1 et 2 des dessins annexés, la déformation maximale d'un élément filamentaire composé d'un filament frisé (figure 2) est nettement plus importante que celle d'un élément filamentaire composé d'un filament rectiligne, plat ou droit (figure 1), ce pour des éléments présentant des distances entre leurs extrémités identiques.As shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings, the maximum deformation of a filamentary element composed of a crimped filament (Figure 2) is significantly greater than that of a filamentary element composed of a straight, flat or right (Figure 1), for elements with identical distances between their ends.

En outre, la force nécessaire pour le déplacement ou la déformation d'un tel filament frisé est inférieure à celle nécessaire pour un filament rectiligne, pour un résultat similaire.In addition, the force required for the displacement or deformation of such a crimped filament is less than that required for a straight filament, for a similar result.

De plus, l'effet du jet de fluide sur des filaments frisés est nettement plus efficace que sur des filaments rectilignes.In addition, the effect of the fluid jet on crimped filaments is much more effective than on straight filaments.

Par conséquent, l'intensité de l'enchevêtrement et de l'entrelacement des filaments continus biconstitués frisés, et donc la qualité et la solidité de la liaison entre lesdits filaments frisés de nappes de non-tissé, sont très nettement supérieures à celles obtenues pour des filaments continus droits ou rectilignes, ce pour une quantité d'énergie dépensée, au cours du liage, identique.Consequently, the intensity of the entanglement and the intertwining of continuous biconstituous crimped filaments, and therefore the quality and solidity of the connection between said crimped filaments of nonwoven webs, are very much higher than those obtained for continuous straight or rectilinear filaments, for an identical amount of energy expended during binding.

Selon une première caractéristique de l'invention, les filaments biconstitués et frisés, constituant la nappe de non-tissé, présentent une structure bilame comprenant deux composantes filamentaires élémentaires consistant en deux polymères différents.According to a first characteristic of the invention, the biconstituted and crimped filaments, constituting the nonwoven web, have a bimetal structure comprising two elementary filament components consisting of two different polymers.

La réalisation d'une nappe de non-tissé composée de filaments continus frisés, à structure bilame, peut notamment être effectuée selon le procédé décrit dans le dépôt français n° 83 08770, conduisant à une frisure spontanée, intense et stable du fait du comportement asymétrique des filaments lors de leur refroidissement par air ou au cours de leur étirage.The production of a nonwoven web composed of curly continuous filaments, with a bimetal structure, can in particular be carried out according to the method described in French deposit n ° 83 08770, leading to spontaneous, intense and stable crimping due to the behavior asymmetric filaments during air cooling or during drawing.

Les filaments biconstitués comprenant deux composantes filamentaires côte-à-côte, sont avantageusement composés de deux polymères différents, sous la forme notamment d'une combinaison, d'une part, d'un polyamide choisi dans le groupe formé par le polyamide 66, le polyamide 6 et le polyamide 11 et, d'autre part, d'un polyester choisi dans le groupe formé par le polyéthylène terephtalate, le polybutylène terephtalate et le copolyester.Biconstituated filaments comprising two filamentary components side by side, are advantageously composed of two different polymers, in the form in particular of a combination, on the one hand, of a polyamide chosen from the group formed by polyamide 66, the polyamide 6 and polyamide 11 and, on the other hand, a polyester chosen from the group formed by polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and copolyester.

Toutefois, des couples polyester-polypropylène, polyamide-polypropylène, des couples de deux types de polyamides différents ou des couples de polyester différents, tels que le polyterephtalate d'étylène et le polybutylène terephtalate, conviennent également très bien pour obtenir des structures bilames conduisant à une frisure spontanée.However, polyester-polypropylene, polyamide-polypropylene couples, couples of two different types of polyamides or different polyester couples, such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, are also very suitable for obtaining bimetallic structures leading to a spontaneous crimp.

Les proportions des deux polymères, constituant le fil bilame, peuvent varier dans des proportions notables de 95/5 à 5/95. Les proportions relatives de l'un et l'autre des constituants influent d'ailleurs sur la qualité et l'intensité de la frisure. L'ajustement de cette proportion de l'un et l'autre constituant est l'un des moyens de régulation de la frisure des filaments.The proportions of the two polymers, constituting the bimetallic strip, can vary in notable proportions from 95/5 to 5/95. The relative proportions of one and the other of the constituents also influence the quality and intensity of the crimp. The adjustment of this proportion of the one and the other constituent is one of the means of regulating the crimping of the filaments.

Ces filaments peuvent être obtenus par divers procédés connus de filage / extrusion et présenter, outre une section circulaire, des sections variées telles que, par exemple, des sections trilobées, quadrangulaires, ou encore en forme de croissants ou de quartiers.These filaments can be obtained by various known spinning / extrusion methods and present, in addition to a circular section, various sections such as, for example, trilobed, quadrangular sections, or else in the form of crescents or quarters.

Pour ces différentes formes de filaments, il est à chaque fois essentiel de faire intervenir simultanément l'asymétrie et la différenciation du comportement physique des deux composantes élémentaires lors des phases de refroidissement et d'étirage du filament biconstitué, en vue d'obtenir la frisure.For these different forms of filaments, it is each time essential to involve simultaneously the asymmetry and the differentiation of the physical behavior of the two elementary components during the cooling and stretching phases of the biconstituent filament, in order to obtain crimping. .

Cette dernière peut, le cas échéant, être accrue par des traitements chimiques supplémentaires, tels que ceux décrits dans le dépôt précité ou des traitements physiques tels que traitement thermique provoquant des retraits différentiels sur chacun des polymères.The latter can, if necessary, be increased by additional chemical treatments, such as those described in the aforementioned deposit or physical treatments such as heat treatment causing differential shrinkage on each of the polymers.

Conformément à un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le procédé peut avantageusement consister, dans le cas de composantes filamentaires élémentaires réalisées en des polymères incompatibles, à soumettre, par l'intermédiaire des jets de fluide, les filaments de la nappe de non-tissé à une action mécanique dont l'intensité est telle que lesdits filaments sont dissociés en leurs composantes filamentaires élémentaires, ces dernières étant ensuite entrelacées et enchevêtrées sous l'effet desdits jets de fluide.In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method can advantageously consist, in the case of elementary filamentary components made of incompatible polymers, in subjecting, via the jets of fluid, the filaments of the nonwoven woven to a mechanical action, the intensity of which is such that said filaments are dissociated into their elementary filament components, the latter then being interlaced and entangled under the effect of said jets of fluid.

Dans le cas, par exemple, d'un filament bilame à une composante en polyéthylène terephtalate et une composante en polyhexaméthylène adipamide, la séparation ou dissociation complète dudit filament est effective sous l'action de jets d'eau sous haute pression et permet ainsi d'obtenir, par exemple, à partir d'un filament biconstitué de 2 dtex, deux filaments de 1 dtex séparés.In the case, for example, of a bimetallic filament with a polyethylene terephthalate component and a polyhexamethylene adipamide component, the complete separation or dissociation of said filament is effective under the action of jets of water under high pressure and thus allows d '' obtain, for example, from a biconstituted filament of 2 dtex, two 1 dtex filaments separated.

Cet abaissement du titre des filaments participe aussi à l'obtention d'une meilleure réaction du réseau fibreux à l'action mécanique des jets d'eau améliorant l'enchevêtrement.This lowering of the titer of the filaments also contributes to obtaining a better reaction of the fibrous network to the mechanical action of the water jets improving the entanglement.

De manière avantageuse, le titre des filaments biconstitués utilisés est inférieur à 4 dtex, lesdits filaments comportant une fréquence de frisure de 3 à 30 frisures par centimètre, préférentiellement 8 à 20 frisures par centimètre et un taux de frisure de 50 à 400 %.Advantageously, the titer of the biconstituent filaments used is less than 4 dtex, said filaments having a crimp frequency of 3 to 30 crimps per centimeter, preferably 8 to 20 crimps per centimeter and a crimp rate of 50 to 400%.

Le terme frisure désigne dans le présent mémoire l'ondulation dans l'espace d'un fil ou d'un filament et peut être défini numériquement par les valeurs de la fréquence de frisure, désignant le nombre de frisures par unité de longueur de fil ou de filament, et du taux de frisure indiquant, en pourcentage, la différence entre la longueur défrisée et la longueur frisée du fil ou filament rapportée à la longueur défrisée de ce dernier ou de cette dernière.The term crimp designates in this specification the waviness in space of a wire or a filament and can be defined numerically by the values of the crimp frequency, designating the number of crimps per unit length of wire or of filament, and the crimp rate indicating, in percentage, the difference between the straightened length and the crimped length of the wire or filament compared to the straightened length of the latter or of the latter.

De plus, la nappe de non-tissé réalisée au moyen de filaments biconstitués et frisés présente un poids de 10 à 400 g/m², préférentiellement de 20 à 200 g/m².In addition, the nonwoven web produced by means of biconstituted and crimped filaments has a weight of 10 to 400 g / m², preferably from 20 to 200 g / m².

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les jets de fluide consistent en des jets d'eau appliqués sous une pression de 50 à 300 x 10⁵ Pa, préférentiellement de 100 x 10⁵ à 250 x 10⁵ Pa, lesdits jets étant avantageusement appliqués sur les deux faces de la nappe de non-tissé.According to another characteristic of the invention, the fluid jets consist of water jets applied under a pressure of 50 to 300 x 10⁵ Pa, preferably from 100 x 10⁵ to 250 x 10⁵ Pa, said jets being advantageously applied to the two sides of the nonwoven web.

Les buses pour la génération des jets de fluide pourront présenter avantageusement un diamètre d'orifices d'éjection compris entre 100 µm et 250 µm, lesdites buses étant regroupées sur des barettes, disposées sur une ou plusieurs rangées, avec un espacement entre orifices d'éjection préférentiellement compris entre 0,2 et 1,2 mm.The nozzles for generating the jets of fluid may advantageously have a diameter of ejection orifices comprised between 100 μm and 250 μm, said nozzles being grouped on bars, arranged in one or more rows, with a spacing between orifices of ejection preferably between 0.2 and 1.2 mm.

Les toiles supportant le non-tissé, lors du traitement de liage, sont constituées de filaments métalliques ou en matière synthétique et leur type de structure et le serrage des mailles conditionnent l'aspect du non-tissé après le traitement, de même que les dimensions et l'écartement des buses.The fabrics supporting the nonwoven, during the binding treatment, are made of metallic or synthetic filaments and their type of structure and the tightening of the mesh conditions the appearance of the nonwoven after the treatment, as well as the dimensions and the nozzle spacing.

On obtient ainsi soit des produits ajourés avec un motif prédéterminé et un maillage de grande dimension, soit des produits avec un aspect maillé ou flanelle et un maillage serré.We thus obtain either openwork products with a predetermined pattern and a large mesh, or products with a mesh or flannel appearance and a tight mesh.

Dans ce dernier cas, les toiles supportant la nappe de non-tissé lors de l'application des jets de fluide consistent en des toiles métalliques serrées de 80 à 120 mesh.In the latter case, the fabrics supporting the nonwoven web during the application of the fluid jets consist of tight metallic fabrics of 80 to 120 mesh.

Les possibilités de vitesse de travail dépendent du titre des filaments, de leur module de Young, de leur sensibilité à l'eau, du poids/m² du non-tissé, bien entendu de l'énergie disponible par unité de surface, et enfin de l'effet de liaison souhaité. Elles peuvent être situées entre 10 et 100 m/mn voire plus pour les nappes très légères.The working speed possibilities depend on the titer of the filaments, their Young's modulus, their sensitivity to water, the weight / m² of the nonwoven, of course the energy available per unit area, and finally the desired binding effect. They can be located between 10 and 100 m / min or even more for very light sheets.

L'invention a également pour objet une nappe de non-tissé, obtenue au moyen du procédé décrit ci-dessus, et composée, soit de filaments continus biconstitués comportant une frisure, ladite nappe présentant une structure liée résultant d'un enchevêtrement et d'un entrelacement intenses desdits filaments, soit de filaments continus frisés enchevêtrés et entrelacés, consistant en deux matériaux différents et obtenus par dissociation de filaments continus biconstitués à structure bilame.A subject of the invention is also a nonwoven web, obtained by the method described above, and composed either of biconstitued continuous filaments comprising a crimp, said web having a linked structure resulting from entanglement and an intense intertwining of said filaments, that is to say of continuous curled tangled and interlaced filaments, consisting of two different materials and obtained by dissociation of biconstitued continuous filaments with bimetal structure.

Les nappes ainsi traitées possèdent, d'une part, les propriétés des non-tissés de filaments continus, telles que des niveaux de résistance à la rupture, à la déchirure et au poinçonnement très élevés, mais également, d'autre part, la souplesse, le drapé, l'opacité et la propriété dite "lintfree", c'est-à-dire de ne pas avoir de fibres ou de fibrilles libres, ce qui représente un avantage considérable dans les applications médicales et chirurgicales telles que pansements, champ opératoire, blouses médicales ou analogues, et permet d'obtenir une résistance au frottement et au lavage ménager élevée. Ces propriétés peuvent encore être améliorées par les traitements d'apprêts classiques de l'industrie textile.The plies thus treated have, on the one hand, the properties of nonwovens of continuous filaments, such as very high levels of resistance to tearing, tearing and puncturing, but also, on the other hand, the flexibility , the drape, opacity and the so-called "lintfree" property, that is to say having no free fibers or fibrils, which represents a considerable advantage in medical and surgical applications such as dressings, operating field, medical gowns or the like, and provides high resistance to rubbing and household washing. These properties can be further improved by conventional finishing treatments in the textile industry.

De même on pourra effectuer avantageusement selon les applications, des traitements d'ennoblissement textile tels que la teinture, l'impression par les méthodes de transfert, de l'impression pigmentaire ou fixée-lavée, les traitements de grattage ou d'émerisage ou similaires.Likewise, textile finishing treatments such as dyeing, printing by transfer methods, pigmentary or fixed-washed printing, scraping or emery-treating treatments or the like may advantageously be carried out according to the applications. .

Outre les applications médicales citées, les applications de nappes ainsi obtenues peuvent aussi s'étendre à d'autres applications textiles telles que l'ameublement (tentures, revêtements muraux, habillement dans les aspects traditionnels flanellisés ou feutrés, revêtements de sièges ou de literie, couvertures, etc ...), les supports d' enduction (chaussure, maroquinerie, bagagerie, l'habillage intérieur automobile, etc ...) ou encore les cuirs synthétiques suèdés ou enduits obtenus par imprégnation de liants souples ou par exemple des polyuréthanes coagulés.In addition to the medical applications mentioned, the applications of tablecloths thus obtained can also extend to other textile applications such as furniture (drapes, wall coverings, clothing in the traditional flannelized or felted aspects, seat or bedding coverings, blankets, etc ...), coating supports (shoes, leather goods, luggage, automotive interior trim, etc ...) or synthetic suede or coated leathers obtained by impregnating flexible binders or for example polyurethanes coagulated.

La présente invention sera avantageusement illustrée par l'exemple décrit ci-après.The present invention will advantageously be illustrated by the example described below.

On réalise, par le procédé et au moyen du dispositif faisant l'objet du document FR 74 20254, une nappe non-tissée de 110 g/m² dans les conditions suivantes :

  • extrusion de filaments de 1,5 dtex, chacun constitué de deux composantes filamentaires, l'une en polyester (polyterephtalate d'éthylène glycol) et l'autre en polyamide (polyhexaméthylène adipamide) en position côte-côte et en proportion 50/50 en volume ;
  • étirage dans une buse pneumatique avec une pression d'air de 3,2 x 10⁵ Pa, située à 125 cm de la filière ;
  • dépôt des filaments sur un tablier sans fin récepteur en utilisant le procédé dit "travelling" décrit dans FR 74 20254.
A nonwoven web of 110 g / m² is produced by the method and by means of the device that is the subject of document FR 74 20254, under the following conditions:
  • extrusion of 1.5 dtex filaments, each consisting of two filament components, one made of polyester (polyethylene glycol terephthalate) and the other in polyamide (polyhexamethylene adipamide) in side-by-side position and in 50/50 proportion by volume;
  • drawing in a pneumatic nozzle with an air pressure of 3.2 x 10⁵ Pa, located 125 cm from the die;
  • depositing the filaments on an endless receiving apron using the so-called traveling method described in FR 74 20254.

La nappe de 110 g/m² ainsi obtenue, constituée de filaments bicomposés et dont la frisure spontanée, révélée dès la réception sur le tablier récepteur, est de 16 frisures/cm, est alors transportée à une vitesse de 12 m/minute jusqu'à un dispositif de liage par jet d'eau muni d'une toile métallique de transport de 100 mesh avec une ouverture de 25 %.The 110 g / m² sheet thus obtained, consisting of bicomponent filaments and whose spontaneous crimp, revealed on receipt on the receiving apron, is 16 crimps / cm, is then transported at a speed of 12 m / minute to a water jet binding device equipped with a 100 mesh metallic transport fabric with an opening of 25%.

Le dispositif de liage permet de traiter successivement le non-tissé sur une face, puis l'autre, à l'aide de deux ensembles de quatre rangées (barettes) de jets espacés les uns des autres de 0.6 mm. Les orifices des buses ont un diamètre de 100 µ et les pressions des jets d'eau de chacune des rangées sont successivement de 160 - 220 - 140 - 140 x 10⁵ Pa sur le premier ensemble et sur une face, de même pour le second ensemble situé sur l'autre face de la nappe.The tying device makes it possible to successively treat the nonwoven on one face, then the other, using two sets of four rows (bars) of jets spaced apart from each other by 0.6 mm. The nozzle orifices have a diameter of 100 μ and the pressures of the water jets of each of the rows are successively 160 - 220 - 140 - 140 x 10⁵ Pa on the first set and on one face, the same for the second set located on the other side of the tablecloth.

La nappe, après essorage, est séchée sur un tambour à air traversant, à une température de 160°C.The tablecloth, after wringing, is dried on a through air drum, at a temperature of 160 ° C.

Il a été noté que la soumission de la nappe, lors de l'opération de séchage, à une ambiance chaude et humide a généralement une action accentuant la frisure des filaments au sein du non-tissé, surtout si ceux-ci ont été imparfaitement séparés en constituants unitaires par l'action des jets d'eau sous pression. Ceci a tendance à faire rétracter la nappe en consolidant la liaison et en conférant des propriétés supérieures de "drapé" au non-tissé.It was noted that the submission of the web, during the drying operation, to a hot and humid atmosphere generally has an action accentuating the crimping of the filaments within the nonwoven, especially if these have been imperfectly separated. as unitary constituents by the action of pressurized water jets. This tends to shrink the web by consolidating the bond and giving superior "drape" properties to the nonwoven.

La nappe obtenue a un toucher très doux et est très souple.The tablecloth obtained has a very soft touch and is very flexible.

On constate à l'examen au microscope que les brins de polyamide et de polyester sont complètement séparés et que l'enchevêtrement est poussé à un stade très avancé.It can be seen on microscopic examination that the strands of polyamide and polyester are completely separated and that the entanglement is pushed to a very advanced stage.

La charge de rupture ainsi que l'énergie de rupture de la nappe, mesurée selon la norme AFNOR GO7OO1, la résistance à la déchirure amorcée, mesurée selon la norme AFNOR GO7055 et la résistance à l'éclatement, selon la norme AFNOR GO7112 sont à un niveau très élevé ; la rigidité à la flexion est réalisée selon la recommandation ISO/TC.94/SC 1139 F 3/70.The breaking load as well as the energy of rupture of the sheet, measured according to standard AFNOR GO7OO1, the resistance to tear initiated, measured according to standard AFNOR GO7055 and the resistance to bursting, according to standard AFNOR GO7112 are with a very high level; flexural rigidity is achieved in accordance with ISO / TC.94 / SC 1139 F 3/70.

La déformation sous charge est également très limitée, ce qui démontre parfaitement le très bon niveau de liaison.The deformation under load is also very limited, which perfectly demonstrates the very good level of bonding.

Le tableau ci-après représente les différentes caractéristiques, d'une part, d'une nappe (A) de non-tissé constituée de filaments continus et frisés à structure bilame polyamide 6.6 / polyéthylène terephtalate (50/50) de 1,5 dtex liés par jets d'eau sous pression selon le procédé décrit ci-dessus, et, d'autre part, d'une nappe (B) de non-tissé constituée de filaments monolame, continus et non frisés, de 1,5 dtex, et composés de polyester polyéthylène terephtalate.The table below represents the various characteristics, on the one hand, of a nonwoven web (A) made up of continuous and crimped filaments with a bimetal structure of polyamide 6.6 / polyethylene terephthalate (50/50) of 1.5 dtex bonded by jets of water under pressure according to the method described above, and, on the other hand, a nonwoven web (B) made up of monolame filaments, continuous and uncrimped, of 1.5 dtex, and polyester polyethylene terephthalate compounds.

La comparaison des deux colonnes de valeurs permet d'apprécier les avantages notables procurés par l'invention. (A) (B) Masse surfacique (g/m²) 108,5 110 Charge rupture - SL (daN) 43,7 32,3 Charge rupture - ST (dAN) 26,4 22,1 Isotropie 1,65 1,46 Allongement - SL (%) 84,2 72,3 Allongement - ST (%) 88,5 75,6 Allongement / 3daN - SL (%) 4,4 8,2 Allongement / 5daN - SL (%) 7,3 15,6 Allongement / 10daN - SL (%) 15,3 26,5 Allongement / 3daN - ST (%) 14,2 23,6 Allongement / 5daN - ST (%) 21,5 36,8 Allongement / 10daN - ST (%) 36,3 51,5 Energie rupture - SL (j) 42,1 21,3 Energie rupture - ST (j) 22,9 13,6 Epaisseur (mm) 0,66 1,17 Retrait thermique - SL (%) 0,9 0,8 Retrait thermique - ST (%) 0,8 0,7 Flexion SL (mg/cm) 846 1025 Flexion ST (mg/cm) 221 348 The comparison of the two columns of values makes it possible to appreciate the significant advantages provided by the invention. (AT) (B) Area weight (g / m²) 108.5 110 Breaking load - SL (daN) 43.7 32.3 Breaking load - ST (dAN) 26.4 22.1 Isotropy 1.65 1.46 Elongation - SL (%) 84.2 72.3 Elongation - ST (%) 88.5 75.6 Elongation / 3daN - SL (%) 4.4 8.2 Elongation / 5daN - SL (%) 7.3 15.6 Elongation / 10daN - SL (%) 15.3 26.5 Elongation / 3daN - ST (%) 14.2 23.6 Elongation / 5daN - ST (%) 21.5 36.8 Elongation / 10daN - ST (%) 36.3 51.5 Breaking energy - SL (j) 42.1 21.3 Breaking energy - ST (j) 22.9 13.6 Thickness (mm) 0.66 1.17 Thermal shrinkage - SL (%) 0.9 0.8 Thermal shrinkage - ST (%) 0.8 0.7 Flexion SL (mg / cm) 846 1025 ST bending (mg / cm) 221 348

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté aux dessins annexés. Des modifications restent possibles, notamment du point de vue de la constitution des divers éléments ou par substitution d'équivalents techniques, sans sortir pour autant du domaine de protection de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications remain possible, notably from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (12)

Procédé de fabrication d'une nappe de non-tissé constituée de filaments continus liés entre eux, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à réaliser une nappe de non-tissé à partir de filaments continus biconstitués dont le titre est inférieur à 4 dtex, ces filaments comprenant deux composantes filamentaires élémentaires en deux polymères différents et présentant une frisure spontanée avec une fréquence de frisure de 3 à 30 frisures par centimètre et un taux de frisure de 50 à 400 %, puis à soumettre ladite nappe à des jets de fluide sous haute pression, dont l'action mécanique entraîne un enchevêtrement et un entrelacement des filaments frisés constituant ladite nappe.A method of manufacturing a nonwoven web consisting of continuous filaments bonded together, characterized in that it consists in producing a nonwoven web from biconstitued continuous filaments whose titer is less than 4 dtex, these filaments comprising two elementary filament components of two different polymers and having spontaneous crimping with a crimping frequency of 3 to 30 crimps per centimeter and a crimping rate of 50 to 400%, then subjecting said sheet to jets of fluid under high pressure, the mechanical action of which causes entanglement and interlacing of the crimped filaments constituting said sheet. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les filaments biconstitués et frisés, constituant la nappe de non-tissé, présentent une structure bilame.Manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the biconstituted and crimped filaments, constituting the nonwoven web, have a bimetallic structure. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les filaments biconstitués, comprenant deux composantes filamentaires côte-à-côte, sont composés de deux polymères différents sous la forme d'une combinaison, d'une part, d'un polyamide choisi dans le groupe formé par le polyamide 66, le polyamide 6 et le polyamide 11 et, d'autre part, d'un polyester choisi dans le groupe formé par le polyéthylène terephtalate, le polybutylène terephtalate et le copolyester.Manufacturing process according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the biconstituated filaments, comprising two filament components side by side, are composed of two different polymers in the form of a combination, on the one hand , a polyamide chosen from the group formed by polyamide 66, polyamide 6 and polyamide 11 and, on the other hand, a polyester chosen from the group formed by polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and the copolyester. Procédé de fabrication selon les revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à soumettre, par l'intermédiaire des jets de fluide, les filaments de la nappe de non-tissé à une action mécanique dont l'intensité est telle que lesdits filaments sont dissociés en leurs composantes filamentaires élémentaires, ces dernières étant ensuite entrelacées et enchevêtrées sous l'effet desdits jets de fluide.Manufacturing method according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that it consists in subjecting, by means of the jets of fluid, the filaments of the nonwoven web to a mechanical action whose intensity is such that said filaments are dissociated into their elementary filamentary components, the latter then being intertwined and entangled under the effect of said fluid jets. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les filaments présentent une fréquence de frisure de 8 à 20 frisures par centimètre.Manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the filaments have a crimp frequency of 8 to 20 crimps per centimeter. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la nappe de non-tissé présente un poids de 10 à 400 g/m², préférentiellement de 20 à 200 g/m².Manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the nonwoven web has a weight of 10 to 400 g / m², preferably from 20 to 200 g / m². Procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les jets de fluide consistent en des jets d'eau appliqués sous une pression de 50 à 300 x 10⁵ Pa, préférentiellement de 100 x 10⁵ à 250 x 10⁵ Pa, lesdits jets étant avantageusement appliqués sur les deux faces de la nappe de non-tissé.Manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fluid jets consist of water jets applied under a pressure of 50 to 300 x 10⁵ Pa, preferably from 100 x 10⁵ to 250 x 10⁵ Pa, said jets being advantageously applied to both sides of the nonwoven web. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les buses pour la génération des jets de fluide présentent un diamètre d'orifices d'éjection compris entre 100 µm et 250 µm, lesdites buses étant regroupées sur des barettes, disposées sur une ou plusieurs rangées, avec un espacement entre orifices d'éjection préférentiellement compris entre 0,2 et 1,2 mm.Manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the nozzles for generating the fluid jets have a diameter of ejection orifices between 100 µm and 250 µm, said nozzles being grouped on bars, arranged in one or more rows, with a spacing between ejection orifices preferably between 0.2 and 1.2 mm. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les toiles supportant la nappe de non-tissé lors de l'application des jets de fluide consistent en des toiles métalliques serrées de 80 à 120 mesh.Manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fabrics supporting the nonwoven web during the application of the fluid jets consist of tight metallic fabrics of 80 to 120 mesh. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à soumettre la nappe de non-tissé, lors de son séchage, à une ambiance chaude et humide permettant d'accentuer la frisure des filaments et de provoquer une rétraction et une consolidation de ladite nappe, ainsi que des qualités de toucher améliorées.Manufacturing process according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it consists in subjecting the nonwoven web, during its drying, to a hot and humid atmosphere making it possible to accentuate the crimping of the filaments and to cause a retraction and a consolidation of said ply, as well as improved touch qualities. Nappe de non-tissé obtenue au moyen du procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 et 5 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est composée de filaments continus biconstitués comportant une frisure spontanée, ladite nappe présentant une structure liée résultant d'un enchevêtrement et d'un entrelacement intenses desdits filaments.Nonwoven web obtained by the manufacturing process according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 10, characterized in that it is composed of continuous biconstituated filaments comprising a spontaneous crimping, said ply having a linked structure resulting from an intense entanglement and intertwining of said filaments. Nappe de non-tissé obtenue au moyen du procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée par des filaments continus frisés enchevêtrés et entrelacés, consistant en deux matériaux différents et obtenus par dissociation de filaments continus biconstitués à structure bilame.Nonwoven web obtained by means of the manufacturing process according to any one of Claims 4 to 10, characterized in that it consists of continuous curled tangled and interlaced filaments, consisting of two different materials and obtained by dissociation of continuous biconstituated filaments with bimetal structure.
EP94440050A 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 Method of producing a non woven sheet comprising continuous filaments bonded together and sheet thus obtained Expired - Lifetime EP0694644B2 (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9304919A FR2705698B1 (en) 1993-04-22 1993-04-22 Method of manufacturing a nonwoven web consisting of continuous filaments bonded together and the web thus obtained.
US08/053,367 US5355565A (en) 1993-04-22 1993-04-28 Process for the production of a non-woven cloth constituted of continuous interconnected filaments and cloth thus obtained
ES94440050T ES2141812T3 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE OF A SHEET OF NON-WOVEN MATERIAL, CONSTITUTED BY CONTINUOUS FILAMENTS UNITED BETWEEN THEM, AND SHEET SO OBTAINED.
EP94440050A EP0694644B2 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 Method of producing a non woven sheet comprising continuous filaments bonded together and sheet thus obtained
SI9430302T SI0694644T1 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 Method of producing a non woven sheet comprising continuous filaments bonded together and sheet thus obtained
DK94440050T DK0694644T3 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 Process for making a nonwoven fabric consisting of continuous filaments interconnected
DE0694644T DE694644T1 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 Manufacturing process for a nonwoven layer made of bound filaments and balm thus produced
AT94440050T ATE186578T1 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 PRODUCTION METHOD FOR A NON-WOVEN LAYER OF BONDED FILAMENTS AND BALM PRODUCED THEREFORE
DE69421612T DE69421612T3 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 Manufacturing process for a nonwoven layer made of bound filaments and balm thus produced
PT94440050T PT694644E (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A NON-TISSUE BAND CONSTITUTED BY CONTINUOUS FILAMENTS LINKED BETWEEN IT AND OBTAINED BAND
GR20000400294T GR3032596T3 (en) 1993-04-22 2000-02-09 Method of producing a non woven sheet comprising continuous filaments bonded together and sheet thus obtained

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9304919A FR2705698B1 (en) 1993-04-22 1993-04-22 Method of manufacturing a nonwoven web consisting of continuous filaments bonded together and the web thus obtained.
ZA945637A ZA945637B (en) 1994-07-29 1994-07-29 Process for the production of a non-woven cloth constituted of continuous interconnected filaments and cloth thus obtained
EP94440050A EP0694644B2 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 Method of producing a non woven sheet comprising continuous filaments bonded together and sheet thus obtained

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0694644A1 true EP0694644A1 (en) 1996-01-31
EP0694644B1 EP0694644B1 (en) 1999-11-10
EP0694644B2 EP0694644B2 (en) 2004-03-10

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EP94440050A Expired - Lifetime EP0694644B2 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-07-29 Method of producing a non woven sheet comprising continuous filaments bonded together and sheet thus obtained

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US (1) US5355565A (en)
EP (1) EP0694644B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE186578T1 (en)
DE (2) DE694644T1 (en)
DK (1) DK0694644T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2141812T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2705698B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3032596T3 (en)
PT (1) PT694644E (en)
SI (1) SI0694644T1 (en)

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WO2001048293A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Carl Freudenberg Kg Sleeping apparel
WO2001047382A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Carl Freudenberg Kg Protective clothes
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EP0933459B1 (en) * 1998-01-30 2003-01-08 Unitika Ltd. Staple fiber non-woven fabric and process for producing the same
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EP0933459B1 (en) * 1998-01-30 2003-01-08 Unitika Ltd. Staple fiber non-woven fabric and process for producing the same
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WO2001047382A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Carl Freudenberg Kg Protective clothes
FR2835866A1 (en) 2002-02-12 2003-08-15 Meritor Light Vehicle Sys Ltd MOTOR VEHICLE OPENING DEVICE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2705698B1 (en) 1995-06-30
EP0694644B2 (en) 2004-03-10
SI0694644T1 (en) 2000-04-30
DE69421612T3 (en) 2004-11-04
DE694644T1 (en) 1996-12-12
EP0694644B1 (en) 1999-11-10
PT694644E (en) 2000-04-28
FR2705698A1 (en) 1994-12-02
ES2141812T3 (en) 2000-04-01
DE69421612D1 (en) 1999-12-16
ATE186578T1 (en) 1999-11-15
DK0694644T3 (en) 2000-05-15
US5355565A (en) 1994-10-18
DE69421612T2 (en) 2001-05-03
GR3032596T3 (en) 2000-05-31

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