EP0792175A1 - Dry powder inhalator medicament carrier - Google Patents

Dry powder inhalator medicament carrier

Info

Publication number
EP0792175A1
EP0792175A1 EP94929275A EP94929275A EP0792175A1 EP 0792175 A1 EP0792175 A1 EP 0792175A1 EP 94929275 A EP94929275 A EP 94929275A EP 94929275 A EP94929275 A EP 94929275A EP 0792175 A1 EP0792175 A1 EP 0792175A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier
medicament
depressions
interstices
plan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94929275A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0792175A4 (en
EP0792175B1 (en
Inventor
Paul Mulhauser
Jeffrey Karg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SmithKline Beecham Corp
Original Assignee
Glaxo Wellcome Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Glaxo Wellcome Inc filed Critical Glaxo Wellcome Inc
Publication of EP0792175A1 publication Critical patent/EP0792175A1/en
Publication of EP0792175A4 publication Critical patent/EP0792175A4/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0792175B1 publication Critical patent/EP0792175B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0045—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0045—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
    • A61M15/0046—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier
    • A61M15/0048—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier the dosages being arranged in a plane, e.g. on diskettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/06—Solids
    • A61M2202/064—Powder

Definitions

  • the air impinging upon the carrier and the powdered medicament will cause the medicament to break up as it is pressed up against and passed through the infrastructure to aerosol or atomize the same so that the medicament is presented in appropriate particle sizes for maximum benefit when inhaled.
  • turbulent air can completely surround each medicament dose and entrain it, to assure complete dispensing of the medicament dose from the carrier into the air stream.
  • the turbulence can be created in the air flowing through the carrier by passing it through a nozzle and bottom pressure plate in such a manner to create pressure changes resulting in turbulence of the air as it passes through the carrier to assist in breaking up the compressed dose.
  • FIGURE 3 is an enlarged view of one of the medicament doses on the carrier of FIGURE 1 illustrating the structure of a medicament carrying portion of the carrier;

Abstract

A carrier impregnated at spaced locations along its circumference with a dose of powdered medicament. The carrier is selectively indexed so as to present the impregnated doses of medicament seriatim between a pair of holes in an upper and lower pressure plate in an inhalator. Air is forced through the holes in the pressure plates and the encapsulated dose on the carrier to entrain a dose of the powdered medicament, which is then inhaled through a mouthpiece, by the patient-user. The powdered medicament is embedded in and across interstices in the carrier formed by intersecting and sometimes offset depressions on each surface of the carrier, providing corners and surfaces to cause the medicament entrained in the air stream to break up as it is pressed up against and passed through the carrier infrastructure to aerosol or atomize the same so that the medicament is presented in appropriate particle sizes for maximum benefit when inhaled.

Description

DRY POWDER INHALATOR MEDICAMENT CARRIER
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention:
This invention relates to a medicament carrier, and more particularly, to a carrier containing a dry powder medicament adapted to be housed within an inhalator usable by asthmatics and the like. By inhaling on a mouthpiece, a prescribed dosage of the medicament is entrained in an air stream and inhaled by the user through the mouthpiece to coat the lungs of the user.
Description of the Prior Art:
Asthma and other respiratory diseases have long been treated by the inhalation of an appropriate medicament to coat the bronchial tubes in the lungs to ease breathing and increase air capacity. For many years the two most widely used and convenient choices of treatment have been the inhalation of a medicament from a drug solution or suspension in a metered dose aerosol, pressurized inhalator, or inhalation of a powdered drug generally admixed with an excipient, from a dry powder inhalator. With growing concern being voiced over the strong link between depletion of the earth's atmospheric ozone layer and chlorofluorocarbon emissions, use of these materials in pressurized inhalators is being guestioned, while an interest in dry powder inhalation systems has accordingly been stimulated.
Small quantities of a fine particle, preferably micronized powder, are used mainly for therapeutic purposes in treating diseases of the respiratory tract. Powders of this type, such as salmeterol hydronapthoate, in quantities generally below 50 micrograms (μg) are added to the respiratory air of the lung of the patient. It has been found that the particles of active materials should have a particle size of less than 5 microns (μ) in thickness to insure that they penetrate deep into the lung. Thus, the metered dose must be atomized, aerosolized, or sufficiently broken up for inhalation by the patient to achieve the desired effect in the required dosage.
In copending application serial numbers
08/025,964, filed March 3, 1993, to Mulhauser et al, entitled "Dry Powder Inhalator Medicament Carrier", and 08/143,182, filed on or about October 26, 1993, entitled "Dry Powder Medicament Inhalator", by inventors Mulhauser et al, and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention, a woven or nonwoven screen mesh disc or medicament carrier is disclosed which has perforations impregnated at spaced locations along its circumference with a dose of powdered medicament, such as salmeterol hydronapthoate, which is useful in the treatment of asthma. The carrier is selectively indexed so as to present the impregnated doses of medicament seriatim between a pair of holes in an upper and lower pressure plate in an inhalator. Air is forced through the holes in the pressure plates and the perforations in the encapsulated carrier to entrain a dose of the powdered medicament, which is then inhaled through a mouthpiece, by the patient- user.
Because the powdered medicament is impregnated into the carrier and spans a number of perforations or interstices formed therein, the air impinging upon the carrier and the powdered medicament will cause the medicament to break up as it is pressed up against and passed through the infrastructure to aerosol or atomize the same so that the medicament is presented in appropriate particle sizes for maximum benefit when inhaled. Further, due to the porous nature of the carrier and the interstitial deposit of the medicament, turbulent air can completely surround each medicament dose and entrain it, to assure complete dispensing of the medicament dose from the carrier into the air stream. The turbulence can be created in the air flowing through the carrier by passing it through a nozzle and bottom pressure plate in such a manner to create pressure changes resulting in turbulence of the air as it passes through the carrier to assist in breaking up the compressed dose.
This invention relates to such medicament carrier structures which lend themselves to mass production.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and claims, and from the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of the dry powder medicament carrier of the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of the carrier disc of FIGURE 1;
FIGURE 3 is an enlarged view of one of the medicament doses on the carrier of FIGURE 1 illustrating the structure of a medicament carrying portion of the carrier;
FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the plane indicated by line 4-4 of FIGURE 3; FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary view similar to FIGURE 3, but illustrating a different configuration of the perforations or interstices for holding the medicament on the carrier;
FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the plane indicated by line 6-6 of FIGURE 5;
FIGURE 7 is a fragmentary view similar to FIGURE 3, but illustrating a further different configuration of the interstices which can be used for holding the medicament on the carrier;
FIGURE 8 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the plane indicated by line 8-8 of FIGURE 7;
FIGURE 9 is a fragmentary view similar to FIGURE
3, but illustrating yet another configuration of the interstices for holding the medicament on the carrier;
FIGURE 10 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the plane indicated by line 10-10 of FIGURE 9;
FIGURE 11 is a fragmentary view similar to FIGURE 3, but illustrating still a different configuration of the interstices for holding the medicament on the carrier; FIGURE 12 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the plane indicated by line 12-12 of FIGURE 11.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings in detail, wherein like numerals indicate like elements throughout the several views, a medicament carrier 10 in the shape of a ring or disc is illustrated in FIG. 1 which constitutes a medicament carrier forming the subject of the instant invention.
The medicament carrier 10 is of a size to be inserted within a breath-activated dry powder inhalator disclosed in detail in copending U.S. application, Serial No. 08/143,182, filed on or about October 26, 1993, to Mulhauser et al, entitled "Dry Powder Medicament Inhalator" and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention, which disclosure is incorporated by reference herein.
The carrier 10 can be stamped from a metal blank or even photo acid etched from stainless steel or ceramic to provide portions adjacent its periphery 14 containing a plurality of small interstices 12 (see e.g., FIGS. 3 and 4) . Disposed across and impregnated within a number of the interstices 12 by adhesion at spaced locations along the periphery or circumference 14 of the carrier 10 is a prescribed dose 16 of a medicament. The size of the dose 16 depends upon the drug used. For example, a common drug used for asthmatics is salmeterol hydronapthoate which is to be dispensed in single doses of approximately 50 micrograms. Each medicament dose 16 of this drug could be approximately .030 to .250 inches in diameter with a thickness of about .002 - 0.1 inches to achieve the effective dosage.
The carrier 10 can be formed with interstices 12 of approximately .004 to .125 square inches and is positioned between a pair of pressure plates (not shown) each having an enlarged opening adapted to register with one of the medicament doses 16 upon indexing of the carrier 10, by suitable mechanical means, such as a pawl in contact with selected camming teeth 22 on the inner ring or circumference of the carrier. Indicia 24 adjacent teeth 22 will indicate to the user the number of doses 16 remaining on the carrier 10. The pressure plates distribute the pressure about the periphery of the carrier 10 to maintain the medicament dose 16 in its impregnated position compressed across the interstices or perforations 12 and the space therebetween adjacent the periphery 14. Air can then be forced through the pressure plate holes and the encapsulated carrier 10 to entrain the dose 16 of the powdered medicament, and the air stream with the entrained medicament is then inhaled through a mouthpiece by the patient-user. Because the powdered medicament is impregnated into the carrier 10, across a plurality of the interstices 12, the air impinging upon the carrier disc and the powdered medicament will cause the medicament to break up as it is pressed up against and passed through the disc infrastructure or interstices 12 in the carrier 10 to aerosol or atomize the same so that the medicament is presented in appropriate particle sizes for maximum benefit when inhaled. Further, due to the porous nature of the carrier and the interstitial deposit of the medicament, air can completely surround each medicament dose and entrain it as shown e.g., in FIG. 3 to assure complete dispensing of the medicament dose from the mesh into the air stream.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the dose carrying portion 16 of the carrier disc 10 can be formed by photoetching or stamping of a metal or ceramic base 26 from opposite sides 28, 30 of the base with overlapping and offset, intersecting, cup-shaped depressions 32 for aiding in holding the medicament 13 on the surface of carrier 10. Three adjacent ones of cup-shaped depressions 32, e.g., 34, 36, and 38, form a set of the interstices 12, each of substantially ovoid shape in plan. The overlapping portions 40 of the cup-shaped depressions 32 form an air passage (or interstice 12) and provide corner surfaces 42 for contact with the medicament as it is entrained in the air to aid in pressing against the medicament and breaking up the same to ensure complete entrainment and minimal agglomeration of the medicament particles.
FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate that in lieu of forming cup-shaped depressions which overlap and are offset from each other, the cup-shaped depressions 44 formed on each surface or side 28, 30 of the base 26 can intersect along a common axis, still providing corner surfaces 46 for contact with the medicament to aid in breaking upon the medicament when entrained in an air stream through the aligned depressions.
FIGS. 7 and 8 show that the cup-shaped depressions 51 rather than being circular in plan, as in FIGS. 3 and 5, can be square in plan forming square overlapping and intersecting offset interstices 48. In FIGS. 9 and 10, the cup-shaped depressions 52 are hexagonal in plan on both surfaces 28 and 30 of base 26, providing diamond shaped interstices 54 at intersecting corners of the depressions. The interstices 48 and 54 have defined, sharp corners 53, along with the depressions 51 and 52 to increase contact with the medicament during air flow to ensure that the compressed dose 16 is broken up. The cup-shaped depressions 56 may also be formed with different diameters, as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12 and need not be offset, as in FIGS. 5 and 6, as long as interfering surfaces 58 are formed for contact with the entrained medicament dose 16.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A medicament carrier having opposed surfaces for use in a dry powder breath-activated inhalator apparatus comprising at least one portion including a plurality of interstices in said carrier adapted to receive air flow therethrough to dispense a medicament disposed on said one portion of said carrier, at least one predetermined dose of a powdered medicament on said one portion of said carrier disposed across said portion and contained within depressions forming a plurality of said interstices and spanning the space therebetween for entrainment with a flow of air introduced into said depressions and through said interstices and said carrier portion, said interstices being formed from only a portion of overlapping, intersecting depressions formed in each of said opposed surfaces, the non-intersecting portions of said depressions holding said medicament and providing a sharp edge for atomizing said medicament in response to air flow through said interstices impinging thereon.
2. The medicament carrier of claim 1 wherein said depressions in each of said opposed surfaces have the same geometric shape in plan, but are offset from each other along a vertical axis through each of said intersecting depressions.
3. The medicament carrier of claim 1 wherein said depressions in each of said opposed surfaces have the same geometric shape in plan, and are formed along a common vertical axis through each of said intersecting depressions.
4. The medicament carrier of claim 3 wherein said depressions in each of said opposed surfaces have the same geometric shape in plan, but are of different sizes.
5. The medicament carrier of claim 2 wherein said geometric shape in plan is a circle.
6. The medicament carrier of claim 2 wherein said geometric shape in plan is a square.
7. The medicament carrier of claim 2 wherein said geometric shape in plan is a hexagon.
8. The medicament carrier of claim 1 wherein said carrier is formed from metal and said depressions are photo-etched in said metal.
9. The medicament carrier of claim 1 wherein said carrier is formed from metal and said depressions are stamped in said metal carrier.
10. The medicament carrier of claim 1 wherein said carrier is formed from a ceramic material.
11. The medicament carrier of claim 7 wherein said interstices are approximately .004 to .125 square inches in area.
12. The medicament carrier of claim 9 wherein each said medicament dose on said carrier is approximately .030 to .250 inches in diameter with a thickness of about .002 to 0.1 inches.
EP94929275A 1993-12-02 1994-09-21 Dry powder inhalator medicament carrier Expired - Lifetime EP0792175B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/161,230 US5388573A (en) 1993-12-02 1993-12-02 Dry powder inhalator medicament carrier
US161230 1993-12-02
PCT/US1994/010664 WO1995015190A1 (en) 1993-12-02 1994-09-21 Dry powder inhalator medicament carrier

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0792175A1 true EP0792175A1 (en) 1997-09-03
EP0792175A4 EP0792175A4 (en) 1997-09-03
EP0792175B1 EP0792175B1 (en) 2001-11-28

Family

ID=22580378

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94929275A Expired - Lifetime EP0792175B1 (en) 1993-12-02 1994-09-21 Dry powder inhalator medicament carrier

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US5388573A (en)
EP (1) EP0792175B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3573212B2 (en)
KR (1) KR960706360A (en)
CN (1) CN1143915A (en)
AT (1) ATE209516T1 (en)
AU (1) AU687101B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9408206A (en)
CA (1) CA2177703A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69429286T2 (en)
FI (1) FI962272A0 (en)
HU (1) HU216507B (en)
NO (1) NO962265L (en)
NZ (1) NZ274378A (en)
WO (1) WO1995015190A1 (en)

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AU7839394A (en) 1995-06-19
FI962272A (en) 1996-05-30
EP0792175A4 (en) 1997-09-03
AU687101B2 (en) 1998-02-19
US5388573A (en) 1995-02-14
HU9601485D0 (en) 1996-08-28
ATE209516T1 (en) 2001-12-15
JPH09509853A (en) 1997-10-07
HUT75136A (en) 1997-04-28
NO962265D0 (en) 1996-05-31
CA2177703A1 (en) 1995-06-08
EP0792175B1 (en) 2001-11-28
JP3573212B2 (en) 2004-10-06
KR960706360A (en) 1996-12-09
HU216507B (en) 1999-07-28
BR9408206A (en) 1997-08-26
DE69429286D1 (en) 2002-01-10
NZ274378A (en) 1998-01-26
NO962265L (en) 1996-07-31
WO1995015190A1 (en) 1995-06-08
FI962272A0 (en) 1996-05-30
CN1143915A (en) 1997-02-26
DE69429286T2 (en) 2002-07-18

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