EP0936590A2 - Traffic conditions determination method and arrangement on a road network - Google Patents

Traffic conditions determination method and arrangement on a road network Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0936590A2
EP0936590A2 EP99101272A EP99101272A EP0936590A2 EP 0936590 A2 EP0936590 A2 EP 0936590A2 EP 99101272 A EP99101272 A EP 99101272A EP 99101272 A EP99101272 A EP 99101272A EP 0936590 A2 EP0936590 A2 EP 0936590A2
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Prior art keywords
traffic
traffic flow
data
simulation
flow data
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0936590A3 (en
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Dagmar Hermann
Peter Dr. Konhäuser
Winfried Kronjäger
Malte Rödiger
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Daimler AG
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DaimlerChrysler AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for Determining the traffic situation on a traffic network, in particular for the purpose of traffic control and route guidance of vehicles.
  • WO 89/021242 describes a system for optimal use of a Road network known that at selected locations or sections of the route has at least one recording sensor that the traffic condition, in particular the traffic density, and the Street condition recorded.
  • the traffic condition data are then to a control center, which can be a traffic computer can transfer.
  • the processing and processing takes place in the control center
  • Preparation of the supplied, current traffic status data which are then used for direct traffic control, for example, by direct information to the driver; the Traffic control is based on a target-actual comparison the traffic condition data from selected locations or Route sections.
  • the target values correspond, for example the optimal traffic condition on the corresponding Section of the road network.
  • To better capture the Traffic flows are those determined at different locations Traffic status data from two measuring points e.g. a correlation analysis subject to additional statements, e.g. to get about the traffic flows.
  • DE 195 26 148 A1 describes a method and a system for Traffic flow forecast at selected locations or Sections of a road network, in particular for traffic control and route guidance of vehicles known in which determined Traffic flow data, the information at least on the Contain traffic density, be fed to a traffic computer, that has a digital road map. It is intended that vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet each have their current Determine location position and save the corresponding data, in order to at least partially send them to the Transfer traffic calculator.
  • the traffic calculator determines or updates statistical data based on the currently recorded route data Traffic flow data. In addition, current driving activity data in a given larger spatial area the selected locations or sections of the route are recorded and transmitted to the traffic computer.
  • the forecast of traffic flows at the selected locations or sections of a route Street network then takes place essentially by extrapolation the traffic flow data assigned to the locations or route sections taking into account the statistical traffic flow data. Based on the predicted traffic flows then appropriate measures to influence traffic or Route guidance of vehicles.
  • DE 195 34 589 A1 describes a method and a system for Route planning known, the subject of determining a also over a longer period of favorable route from one Start to a target position. To do this at individual locations or traffic segments determined to a Traffic calculator, which has a digital road map, transferred from it depending on determined and / or Predefinable input parameters of parameter-dependent traffic condition patterns for at least some of the locations or sections of the route of the road network and future traffic conditions predicted. Using the digital road map and taking into account the forecast traffic conditions The traffic computer then determines at least one cheap one Route from a start to a destination.
  • the invention is a technical problem of providing a method and a device of the aforementioned Kind with which the traffic situation at every place of the underlying route network with relatively little effort, especially without imperative because of network side
  • Facilities can be determined comparatively reliably. This problem is solved by a method with the characteristics of Claim 1 and a device with the features of the claim 4 solved.
  • the flow of traffic is on the entire traffic route network through a traffic flow simulation computer based on the dynamic traffic flow-related Simulates input variables and thereby determines the traffic situation, traffic flow data measured at the real traffic situation with corresponding traffic flow data obtained by the simulation be compared and the comparison result to Adjust the simulation is used. Because of the required high computing power of the traffic flow simulation computer it will usually be located in a central office.
  • a further developed method according to claim 2 are as dynamic input quantity data in the traffic flow simulation computer also estimated data about the expected Traffic volume in the form of time-resolved OD (Origin Destination) matrices used. Contain such OD matrices as is known per se, the e.g. empirically Information obtained about the flow of traffic in the relevant time from an associated first (source) district to an associated second (target) district of the in districts divided road network is to be expected, and are therefore suitable good as a starting point for traffic flow simulation.
  • OD Oil Destination
  • the Simulation calculation faster than real time, making short-term forecasts about in the near future in a particular area of Traffic network expected traffic situation in advance can be.
  • the device according to claim 4 is suitable for performing the inventive method.
  • the single figure shows a functional block diagram of a device to determine the traffic situation on a road network.
  • the centerpiece of the device shown is a traffic flow simulation computer 1 which is preferably arranged in a traffic control center and in whose memory unit 2 a digital road map of an underlying road network is loaded.
  • the traffic flow simulation computer 1 is supplied with data sets of traffic state variables measured by sensors, for example so-called loop data 3 about the current traffic state at the locations at which, where available, measurement loops for vehicle detection are located on the carriageway side, so-called floating car data (FCD) 4 of vehicles one Sample vehicle fleet, if available, and, depending on the application, further recorded traffic flow data, in particular also in the form of conventional traffic disruption reports transmitted via a traffic radio channel.
  • loop data 3 data from other fixed, traffic flow sensing devices can be used.
  • the traffic flow simulation computer 1 is supplied with estimated data for the expected traffic volume 5 in the form of time-resolved n ⁇ n OD matrices, which are based on a subdivision of the underlying road network into a number n of individual districts.
  • Such an OD matrix can be obtained, for example, empirically on the basis of corresponding traffic flow observations in the past or by surveys among the road users involved.
  • the traffic flow simulation computer 1 simulates in real time or faster the flow of traffic on the entire network of those in the Storage unit 2 stored digital road map taking into account of the input data 3, 4, 5 supplied using a suitable traffic flow algorithm, as known to the expert is and therefore requires no detailed discussion here.
  • the traffic flow simulation computer goes in the respective calculation step 1 from a previous, determined traffic flow state 6 at time t, at the beginning of the simulation first-time traffic flow state from the supplied detected or derives traffic flow data determined by the OD matrix, i.e. based on the loop data 3, FCD data 4 and / or the estimated Data 5. Calculated from the previous traffic flow state 6 then the traffic flow simulation computer 1 in real time or faster through the simulation algorithm the traffic flow state 7 for the entire network at one by one simulation time increment ⁇ t later time t + ⁇ t.
  • the new simulated traffic flow state 7 is then with the Traffic flow simulation computer 1 called up at this time t + ⁇ t Actual traffic flow state data, such as the current loop data 3, FCD data 4 and estimated data 5 compared. So much for the new simulated traffic flow status data 7 not with the actual traffic flow data match, the simulated traffic flow data will depend on Type of information, such as traffic density and traffic data mean vehicle speed and other traffic flow determining Data, at the appropriate points of the real situation preferably gradually adjusted.

Abstract

The system has a traffic flow simulator (1) having a memory loaded with a digital road network map (2). The simulator receives input from sensors, such as inductive loops (3) set in the road surface that signal vehicle positions. The simulation computer generates a real time simulation that is updated using the measured data.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Verkehrslage auf einem Verkehrswegenetz, insbesondere zum Zwecke der Verkehrslenkung und Zielführung von Fahrzeugen.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for Determining the traffic situation on a traffic network, in particular for the purpose of traffic control and route guidance of vehicles.

Aus der WO 89/021242 ist ein System zur optimalen Nutzung eines Straßennetzes bekannt, das an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten über mindestens einen Aufnahmesensor verfügt, der den Verkehrszustand, insbesondere die Verkehrsdichte, und den Straßenzustand erfaßt. Die Verkehrszustandsdaten werden anschließend an eine Leitstelle, welche ein Verkehrsrechner sein kann, übertragen. In der Leitstelle erfolgt die Verarbeitung und Aufbereitung der zugeführten, aktuellen Verkehrszustandsdaten, die anschließend zur direkten Verkehrslenkung verwendet werden, beispielsweise durch direkte Information des Autofahrers; die Verkehrslenkung erfolgt auf der Grundlage eines Soll-Ist-Vergleichs der Verkehrszustandsdaten von ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten. Die Soll-Werte entsprechen dabei beispielsweise dem optimalen Verkehrszustand auf dem entsprechenden Streckenabschnitt des Straßennetzes. Zur besseren Erfassung der Verkehrsströme werden die an verschiedenen Orten ermittelten Verkehrszustandsdaten zweier Meßstellen z.B. einer Korrelationsanalyse unterworfen, um daraus zusätzliche Ausagen u.a. über die Verkehrsströme zu erhalten.WO 89/021242 describes a system for optimal use of a Road network known that at selected locations or sections of the route has at least one recording sensor that the traffic condition, in particular the traffic density, and the Street condition recorded. The traffic condition data are then to a control center, which can be a traffic computer can transfer. The processing and processing takes place in the control center Preparation of the supplied, current traffic status data, which are then used for direct traffic control, for example, by direct information to the driver; the Traffic control is based on a target-actual comparison the traffic condition data from selected locations or Route sections. The target values correspond, for example the optimal traffic condition on the corresponding Section of the road network. To better capture the Traffic flows are those determined at different locations Traffic status data from two measuring points e.g. a correlation analysis subject to additional statements, e.g. to get about the traffic flows.

Aus der DE 195 26 148 A1 sind ein Verfahren und ein System zur Prognose von Verkehrsströmen an ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten eines Straßennetzes, insbesondere zur Verkehrslenkung und Zielführung von Fahrzeugen bekannt, bei dem ermittelte Verkehrsstromdaten, die Informationen mindestens über die Verkehrsdichte enthalten, einem Verkehrsrechner zugeführt werden, der eine digitale Straßenkarte aufweist. Es ist vorgesehen, daß Fahrzeuge einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte jeweils ihre aktuelle Ortsposition ermitteln und die entsprechenden Daten abspeichern, um sie wenigstens teilweise als Fahrtroutendaten an den Verkehrsrechner zu übertragen. Der Verkehrsrechner bestimmt bzw. aktualisiert anhand der aktuell erfaßten Fahrtroutendaten statistische Verkehrsstromdaten. Zusätzlich werden aktuelle Fahraktivitätsdaten in einem vorgegebenen größeren räumlichen Bereich um die ausgewählten Orte oder Streckenabschnitte herum erfaßt und an den Verkehrsrechner übertragen. Die Prognose der Verkehrsströme an den ausgewählten Orten oder Streckenabschnitten eines Staßennetzes erfolgt dann im wesentlichen durch Extrapolation der den Orten oder Streckenabschnitten zugeordneten Verkehrsstromdaten unter Berücksichtigung der statistischen Verkehrsstromdaten. Anhand der prognostizierten Verkehrsströme können anschließend geeignete Maßnahmen der Verkehrsbeeinflussung oder Zielführung von Fahrzeugen erfolgen.DE 195 26 148 A1 describes a method and a system for Traffic flow forecast at selected locations or Sections of a road network, in particular for traffic control and route guidance of vehicles known in which determined Traffic flow data, the information at least on the Contain traffic density, be fed to a traffic computer, that has a digital road map. It is intended that vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet each have their current Determine location position and save the corresponding data, in order to at least partially send them to the Transfer traffic calculator. The traffic calculator determines or updates statistical data based on the currently recorded route data Traffic flow data. In addition, current driving activity data in a given larger spatial area the selected locations or sections of the route are recorded and transmitted to the traffic computer. The forecast of traffic flows at the selected locations or sections of a route Street network then takes place essentially by extrapolation the traffic flow data assigned to the locations or route sections taking into account the statistical traffic flow data. Based on the predicted traffic flows then appropriate measures to influence traffic or Route guidance of vehicles.

Aus der DE 195 34 589 A1 sind ein Verfahren und ein System zur Routenplanung bekannt, deren Gegenstand die Ermittlung einer auch über einen größeren Zeitraum günstigen Fahrtroute von einer Start- zu einer Zielposition ist. Dazu werden an einzelnen Orten oder Streckenabschnitten ermittelte Verkehrszustandsdaten an einen Verkehrsrechner, der eine digitale Straßenkarte aufweist, übertragen, der daraus in Abhängigkeit von ermittelten und/oder vorgebbaren Eingangsparametern parameterabhängige Verkehrszustandsmuster für mindestens einige der Orte oder Streckenabschnitte des Staßennetzes ableitet und zukünftige Verkehrszustände prognostiziert. Unter Verwendung der digitalen Straßenkarte und Berücksichtigung der prognostizierten Verkehrszustände ermittelt der Verkehrsrechner dann wenigstens eine günstige Fahrtroute von einer Start- zu einer Zielposition. DE 195 34 589 A1 describes a method and a system for Route planning known, the subject of determining a also over a longer period of favorable route from one Start to a target position. To do this at individual locations or traffic segments determined to a Traffic calculator, which has a digital road map, transferred from it depending on determined and / or Predefinable input parameters of parameter-dependent traffic condition patterns for at least some of the locations or sections of the route of the road network and future traffic conditions predicted. Using the digital road map and taking into account the forecast traffic conditions The traffic computer then determines at least one cheap one Route from a start to a destination.

Der Erfindung liegt als technisches Problem die Bereitstellung eines Verfahrens und einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zugrunde, mit denen sich die Verkehrslage an jedem Ort des zugrundeliegenden Wegenetzes mit verhältnismäßig geringem Aufwand, insbesondere ohne zwingende Notwendigkeit wegenetzseitigerThe invention is a technical problem of providing a method and a device of the aforementioned Kind with which the traffic situation at every place of the underlying route network with relatively little effort, especially without imperative because of network side

Einrichtungen, vergleichsweise zuverlässig bestimmen läßt. Dieses Problem wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 4 gelöst.Facilities can be determined comparatively reliably. This problem is solved by a method with the characteristics of Claim 1 and a device with the features of the claim 4 solved.

Gemäß dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 wird der Verkehrsfluß auf dem gesamten Verkehrswegenetz durch einen Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner anhand zugeführter dynamischer verkehrsflußbezogener Eingangsgrößen simuliert und dadurch die Verkehrslage bestimmt, wobei an der realen Verkehrslage gemessene Verkehrsflußdaten mit entsprechenden, durch die Simulation erhaltenen Verkehrsflußdaten verglichen werden und das Vergleichsergebnis zum Abgleichen der Simulation verwendet wird. Aufgrund der erforderlichen hohen Rechenleistung des Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechners wird dieser in der Regel in einer Zentrale angeordnet sein.According to the method of claim 1, the flow of traffic is on the entire traffic route network through a traffic flow simulation computer based on the dynamic traffic flow-related Simulates input variables and thereby determines the traffic situation, traffic flow data measured at the real traffic situation with corresponding traffic flow data obtained by the simulation be compared and the comparison result to Adjust the simulation is used. Because of the required high computing power of the traffic flow simulation computer it will usually be located in a central office.

In einem nach Anspruch 2 weitergebildeten Verfahren werden als dynamische Eingangsgrößendaten in den Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner auch durch Schätzung ermittelte Daten über das zu erwartende Verkehrsaufkommen in Form zeitlich aufgelöster OD(Origin-Destination)-Matrizen verwendet. Solche OD-Matrizen enthalten, wie an sich bekannt, im jeweiligen Matrixelement die z.B. empirisch gewonnene Information darüber, mit welchem Verkehrsfluß im betreffenden Zeitpunkt von einem zugehörigen ersten (Quellen-)Bezirk zu einem zugehörigen zweiten (Ziel-)Bezirk des in Bezirke unterteilten Wegenetzes zu rechnen ist, und eignen sich daher gut als Ausgangsbasis der Verkehrsflußsimulation.In a further developed method according to claim 2 are as dynamic input quantity data in the traffic flow simulation computer also estimated data about the expected Traffic volume in the form of time-resolved OD (Origin Destination) matrices used. Contain such OD matrices as is known per se, the e.g. empirically Information obtained about the flow of traffic in the relevant time from an associated first (source) district to an associated second (target) district of the in districts divided road network is to be expected, and are therefore suitable good as a starting point for traffic flow simulation.

Bei einem nach Anspruch 3 weitergebildeten Verfahren erfolgt die Simulationsrechnung schneller als Echtzeit, wodurch Kurzzeitprognosen über die in naher Zukunft in einem jeweiligen Bereich des Verkehrswegenetzes zu erwartende Verkehrslage im voraus erstellt werden können.In a further developed according to claim 3, the Simulation calculation faster than real time, making short-term forecasts about in the near future in a particular area of Traffic network expected traffic situation in advance can be.

Die Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 eignet sich zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The device according to claim 4 is suitable for performing the inventive method.

Die einzige Figur zeigt ein Funktionsblockdiagramm einer Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Verkehrslage auf einem Straßennetz.The single figure shows a functional block diagram of a device to determine the traffic situation on a road network.

Kernstück der gezeigten Vorrichtung ist ein vorzugsweise in einer Verkehrsleitzentrale angeordneter Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner 1, in dessen Speichereinheit 2 eine digitale Straßenkarte eines zugrundeliegenden Straßennetzes geladen ist. Dem Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner 1 werden von Sensoren gemessene Datensätze von Verkehrszustandsgrößen zugeführt, z.B. sogenannte Schleifendaten 3 über den aktuellen Verkehrszustand an den Orten, an denen sich, soweit vorhanden, fahrbahnseitig Meßschleifen zur Fahrzeugerfassung befinden, sogenannte Floating-Car-Daten (FCD) 4 von Fahrzeugen einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte, wenn vorhanden, und je nach Anwendungsfall weitere erfaßte Verkehrsflußdaten, insbesondere auch solche in Form herkömmlicher, über einen Verkehrsfunkkanal übertragener Verkehrsstörungsmeldungen. Zusätzlich oder alternativ zu den Schleifendaten 3 können Daten von anderen ortsfesten, verkehrsflußerfassenden Sensoreinrichtungen verwendet werden. Darüber hinaus werden dem Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner 1 geschätzte Daten für das zu erwartende Verkehrsaufkommen 5 in Form von zeitlich aufgelösten n×n OD-Matrizen zugeführt, denen eine Unterteilung des zugrundeliegenden Straßennetzes in eine Anzahl n einzelner Bezirke zugrunde liegt. Bei einer derartigen, an sich bekannten OD-Matrix gibt das jeweilige Matrixelement ODij(t) die statistisch zu erwartende, zeitabhängige Zahl von Fahrzeugen an, die zum Zeitpunkt t vom Bezirk i (i=1,...,n) zum Bezirk j (j=1,...,n) fahren. Eine solche OD-Matrix kann z.B. empirisch anhand entsprechender Verkehrsflußbeobachtungen in der Vergangenheit oder durch Umfragen bei den beteiligten Verkehrsteilnehmern gewonnen werden. The centerpiece of the device shown is a traffic flow simulation computer 1 which is preferably arranged in a traffic control center and in whose memory unit 2 a digital road map of an underlying road network is loaded. The traffic flow simulation computer 1 is supplied with data sets of traffic state variables measured by sensors, for example so-called loop data 3 about the current traffic state at the locations at which, where available, measurement loops for vehicle detection are located on the carriageway side, so-called floating car data (FCD) 4 of vehicles one Sample vehicle fleet, if available, and, depending on the application, further recorded traffic flow data, in particular also in the form of conventional traffic disruption reports transmitted via a traffic radio channel. In addition or as an alternative to the loop data 3, data from other fixed, traffic flow sensing devices can be used. In addition, the traffic flow simulation computer 1 is supplied with estimated data for the expected traffic volume 5 in the form of time-resolved n × n OD matrices, which are based on a subdivision of the underlying road network into a number n of individual districts. In such an OD matrix, which is known per se, the respective matrix element OD ij (t) specifies the statistically expected, time-dependent number of vehicles which, from the district i (i = 1,..., N) to the district at the time t drive j (j = 1, ..., n). Such an OD matrix can be obtained, for example, empirically on the basis of corresponding traffic flow observations in the past or by surveys among the road users involved.

Der Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner 1 simuliert in Echtzeit oder schneller den Verkehrsfluß auf dem gesamten Netz der in der Speichereinheit 2 gespeicherten digitalen Straßenkarte unter Berücksichtigung der zugeführten Eingangsdaten 3, 4, 5 anhand eines geeigneten Verkehrsflußalgorithmus, wie er dem Fachmann geläufig ist und daher hier keiner ausführlichen Erörterung bedarf. Im jeweiligen Rechenschritt geht der Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner 1 von einem bisherigen, ermittelten Verkehrflußzustand 6 zum Zeitpunkt t aus, wobei er zu Simulationsbeginn den erstmaligen Verkehrsflußzustand aus den zugeführten erfaßten bzw. durch die OD-Matrix bestimmten Verkehrsflußdaten ableitet, d.h. anhand der Schleifendaten 3, FCD-Daten 4 und/oder der geschätzten Daten 5. Aus dem bisherigen Verkehrsflußzustand 6 berechnet dann der Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner 1 in Echtzeit oder schneller durch den Simulationsalgorithmus den Verkehrsflußzustand 7 für das gesamte Netz zu einem um ein Simulationszeitinkrement Δt späteren Zeitpunkt t+Δt.The traffic flow simulation computer 1 simulates in real time or faster the flow of traffic on the entire network of those in the Storage unit 2 stored digital road map taking into account of the input data 3, 4, 5 supplied using a suitable traffic flow algorithm, as known to the expert is and therefore requires no detailed discussion here. The traffic flow simulation computer goes in the respective calculation step 1 from a previous, determined traffic flow state 6 at time t, at the beginning of the simulation first-time traffic flow state from the supplied detected or derives traffic flow data determined by the OD matrix, i.e. based on the loop data 3, FCD data 4 and / or the estimated Data 5. Calculated from the previous traffic flow state 6 then the traffic flow simulation computer 1 in real time or faster through the simulation algorithm the traffic flow state 7 for the entire network at one by one simulation time increment Δt later time t + Δt.

Der neue simulierte Verkehrsflußzustand 7 wird dann mit den vom Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner 1 zu diesem Zeitpunkt t+Δt abgerufenen Daten über den tatsächlichen Verkehrsflußzustand, wie den aktuellen Schleifendaten 3, FCD-Daten 4 und geschätzten Daten 5 verglichen. Soweit die neuen simulierten Verkehrsflußzustandsdaten 7 nicht mit den tatsächlichen Verkehrsflußdaten übereinstimmen, werden die simulierten Verkehrsflußdaten je nach Art der Information, wie Daten über die Verkehrsdichte und die mittlere Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit und andere verkehrsflußbestimmende Daten, an den entsprechenden Stellen der realen Situation bevorzugt stufenweise gleitend angepaßt. Der so erstellte, neue simulierte und anhand von Meßdaten punktuell mit der tatsächlichen Verkehrslage abgeglichene Verkehrsflußzustand 7 bildet dann für den nächsten Simulationsrechendurchlauf den bisherigen Verkehrsflußzustand 6 für den Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner 1, aufgrund dessen er dann einen nächsten neuen Verkehrsflußzustand zu dem um das Inkrement Δt späteren Zeitpunkt t+2Δt in Echtzeit erstellt, usw. The new simulated traffic flow state 7 is then with the Traffic flow simulation computer 1 called up at this time t + Δt Actual traffic flow state data, such as the current loop data 3, FCD data 4 and estimated data 5 compared. So much for the new simulated traffic flow status data 7 not with the actual traffic flow data match, the simulated traffic flow data will depend on Type of information, such as traffic density and traffic data mean vehicle speed and other traffic flow determining Data, at the appropriate points of the real situation preferably gradually adjusted. The new one created in this way simulated and based on measurement data selectively with the actual Traffic situation balanced traffic flow state 7 then forms the current traffic flow status for the next simulation run 6 for the traffic flow simulation computer 1, due to which he then has a next new traffic flow state at the time t + 2Δt later in real time by the increment Δt created, etc.

Durch die beschriebene Verkehrsflußsimulation werden auf dem ganzen Verkehrswegenetz, also auch an Stellen bzw. Bereichen des Netzes, für die keine gemessenen oder geschätzten Daten vorliegen, vergleichsweise zuverlässige Verkehrslageschätzungen möglich, die dazu genutzt werden können, den beteiligten Verkehrsteilnehmern zuverlässige Verkehrslageinformationen zur Verfügung zu stellen. Wenn die Simulationsrechnung schneller als Echtzeit erfolgt, können die Verkehrslageschätzungen Kurzzeitprognosen über die in kurzer Zeit in einem jeweiligen Bereich zu erwartende Verkehrslage enthalten. Außer der oben beschriebenen, einfachen Ersetzung simulierter Daten durch abweichende Daten über den tatsächlichen Verkehrsfluß kann im Rahmen des Datenabgleichvorgangs vorgesehen sein, auch den Satz von geschätzten Daten 5, d.h. die Matrixelemente der OD-Matrix, anzupassen, und zwar wiederum bevorzugt in stufenförmig gleitender Weise, z.B. dann, wenn sich für bestimmte Stellen des Straßennetzes ergibt, daß die simulierten und die tatsächlichen Verkehrsflußdaten dauerhaft von den vorgegebenen geschätzten Daten 5 abweichen. Dabei kann es jeweils ausreichend sein, nicht jeden neu berechneten Verkehrsflußzustand 7 mit den Schleifendaten 3, den FCD-Daten 4 und den geschätzten Daten 5 zu vergleichen, sondern einen solchen Abgleich nur jeweils nach einer gewissen Anzahl von Rechenzyklen bzw. in gewissen Zeitabständen durchzuführen.Through the described traffic flow simulation on the whole network of traffic routes, also in places or areas of the Network for which no measured or estimated data are available, comparatively reliable traffic situation estimates possible, which can be used for the road users involved reliable traffic situation information is available to deliver. If the simulation calculation faster than real time the traffic situation estimates can be short-term forecasts about the expected in a short time in a particular area Traffic conditions included. Except for the simple one described above Replacement of simulated data with different data about the actual traffic flow can be as part of the data matching process be provided, also the set of estimated data 5, i.e. adjust the matrix elements of the OD matrix, again preferably in a gradually sliding manner, e.g. then, if for certain parts of the road network it emerges that the simulated and the actual traffic flow data permanently deviate from the given estimated data 5. Here it may be sufficient not to recalculate each Traffic flow state 7 with the loop data 3, the FCD data 4 and to compare the estimated data 5 but one Adjustment only after a certain number of computing cycles or at certain intervals.

Es versteht sich, daß das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung der Erfindung nicht nur, wie beschrieben, für Straßenfahrzeuge verwendbar sind, sondern für alle Arten von sich auf einem zugehörigen Wegenetz bewegenden Fahrzeugen, z.B. auch für Schienenfahrzeuge.It is understood that the method and apparatus of the invention not only usable for road vehicles as described are, but for all types of themselves on an associated Road moving vehicles, e.g. also for rail vehicles.

Claims (4)

Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Verkehrslage auf einem Verkehrswegenetz,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Verkehrsfluß auf dem Verkehrswegenetz durch einen Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner anhand zugeführter dynamischer verkehrsflußbezogener Eingangsgrößen simuliert und dadurch die Verkehrslage bestimmt wird, wobei an der realen Verkehrslage gemessene Verkehrsflußdaten mit entsprechenden, durch die Simulation erhaltenen Verkehrsflußdaten verglichen werden und das Vergleichsergebnis zum Abgleichen der Simulations-Verkehrsflußdaten verwendet wird.Procedure for determining the traffic situation on a traffic network,
characterized in that
the traffic flow on the traffic route network is simulated by a traffic flow simulation computer on the basis of supplied dynamic traffic flow-related input variables and the traffic situation is thereby determined, traffic flow data measured in the real traffic situation being compared with corresponding traffic flow data obtained by the simulation and the comparison result being used to compare the simulation traffic flow data. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
als dynamische Eingangsgrößendaten auch durch Schätzung ermittelte Daten über das zu erwartende Verkehrsaufkommen in Form zeitlich aufgelöster OD-Matrizen verwendet werden.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
data about the expected traffic volume in the form of time-resolved OD matrices can also be used as dynamic input variable data. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Verkehrsflußsimulation schneller als in Echtzeit erfolgt.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the traffic flow simulation is faster than real time. Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Verkehrslage auf einem Verkehrswegenetz mit Verkehrsflußdatenerfassungsmitteln (3, 4, 5) zur Erfassung von gemessenen und/oder geschätzten Verkehrsflußdaten der realen Verkehrslage und einem die erfaßten Verkehrsflußdaten weiterverarbeitenden Rechner (1),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rechner als Verkehrsflußsimulationsrechner (1) ausgelegt ist, der den Verkehrsfluß auf dem Verkehrswegenetz durch Simulation anhand zugeführter dynamischer verkehrsflußbezogener Eingangsgrößen und daraus die Verkehrslage bestimmt, wobei er die von den Verkehrsflußdatenerfassungsmitteln (3, 4, 5) erfaßten gemessenen oder geschätzten Verkehrsflußdaten der realen Verkehrslage mit entsprechenden, durch die Simulation erhaltenen Verkehrsflußdaten vergleicht und das Vergleichsergebnis zum Abgleichen der Simulations-Verkehrsflußdaten verwendet. Device for determining the traffic situation on a traffic network with Traffic flow data acquisition means (3, 4, 5) for acquiring measured and / or estimated traffic flow data of the real traffic situation and a computer (1) further processing the recorded traffic flow data,
characterized in that the computer is designed as a traffic flow simulation computer (1) which determines the traffic flow on the traffic route network by simulation based on supplied dynamic traffic flow-related input variables and the traffic situation therefrom, the measured or estimated traffic flow data of the real traffic situation recorded by the traffic flow data acquisition means (3, 4, 5) is compared with corresponding traffic flow data obtained by the simulation and the comparison result is used to compare the simulation traffic flow data.
EP99101272A 1998-02-13 1999-01-23 Traffic conditions determination method and arrangement on a road network Withdrawn EP0936590A3 (en)

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