EP0999328A1 - Cylinder lock - Google Patents

Abstract

The lock has an access control circuit (12), housed in an internal door knob (8), actuated by a coded key fob type transmitter. This energizes a coil (22) causing an armature (24) to engage a coupling system (18) with an external door knob (10) which houses a battery (14). This enables the knob to actuate the locking pin (6). A counter magnet (50) can be provided to hold the coupling in the disengaged position.

Description

The present invention relates to a locking cylinder, in particular an electronic locking cylinder for use in mortise locks for doors.

Mortise locks for doors according to DIN 18251 are becoming large Number provided with mechanical locking cylinders according to DIN 18252. Such locking cylinders have a cylinder housing and inside a cylinder core with a matching one Key can be turned in the housing and then one approximately from the center of the cylinder housing, inside the mortise lock lock bit protruding from the cylinder housing or driver moved to unlock or lock the lock.

The known mechanical lock cylinders can be regarding Many security, locking plan design and flexibility Desires open, because the mechanical keys are light can be copied, locking plans that define access authorizations, essentially have to be structured hierarchically and in case of key loss and locking plan modification the locking cylinders are completely replaced.

To avoid these problems, electronic locking systems have been developed suggested. Examples of such locking systems are specified in DE-A-44 38 832 and DE-A-195 02 288. There is a mortise lock for doors modified so that the lock cylinder is replaced by a linkage that opens the inside and outside of the door each have a rotary knob having. The linkage includes a driver who like with a mechanical lock cylinder actuated the lock. The driver is non-rotatable with the inside knob and via an electromagnetically actuated clutch with the Door outside knob connected. Electronics control it Coupling so that this is only a rotational connection manufactures when inside on the outside of the door the range of an antenna, for example a radio frequency quenztransponder located in a previous programming process has received access authorization. Electronics, antenna and an electromagnetic actuator for The clutch is actuated on the inside and outside of the door Door fittings distributed. However, this arrangement is only very to protect against manipulation and corresponding Safety precautions lead to expensive and unsightly Door fittings.

In US-A-4 901 545 and US-A-5 447 047 are door locks specified for those in the outside of the knob or handle in addition to a mechanical lock still electronic Access control components are included. These orders too are susceptible to manipulation. A special lock with integrated electronics, partly on the outer door fitting is located in US-A-4 820 320.

From DE-U-297 03 559, for example, a door lock is included at least one handle on a protruding from the door leaf Rotation axis for actuating the latch and / or the bolt known. The handle is in the closed position of the door lock rotatably arranged on the axis of rotation. One with an electric drive actuatable coupling connects the handle with the Axis of rotation for opening the door. The electric drive is through a code evaluation device with a device for contactless Code entry operable. The electric drive, the coupling, the evaluation device with the contactless Code entry device and a power supply for the electric drive and the code evaluation device are in Handle of the door lock arranged. However, this also leaves Door lock in terms of its reliability and security still to be desired. For example, the in this door lock provided coupling mechanism mechanical or magnetic attacks from outside essentially unprotected, so that tampering or breaking open are relatively easy.

The present invention has for its object a provide improved lock cylinder, the particular safer and more reliable than known locking cylinders is and at the same time a simple, safe and flexible usable locking system delivers. This task will solved with the features of the claims.

To solve this problem, the aspect must be taken into account that such locking cylinders, especially for the exchange of existing locking cylinders, usually have an autonomous energy supply. To guarantee a long service life, it is therefore desirable train the electronic locking cylinder so that it is characterized by a low power consumption.

The invention is based on the basic idea that Lock cylinder with a coupling device for rotating To connect an outer actuating element to provide that the coupling device on a drive element a drive device axially movable and / or tiltable is trained. According to a preferred embodiment is the guide section of the coupling device between two stops of the drive element axially movable stored, with the first stop to engage and the second serves to disengage the clutch device. Thereby can the coupling device on much more reliable Way to be decoupled than before, which is a significant improvement the security of such electronic locking cylinders brings with it. According to another preferred one Embodiment of the invention is between the coupling device and the drive device a spring element provided that a safe engagement of the coupling device causes. The spring element is preferably a Compression spring when the drive device engages is excited when the coupling device is in a non-indentable position, and that by their pressure force due to the preload the coupling device pushes into the indented state as soon as one indentable position is present.

By attaching at least one so-called counter magnet in the housing of the lock cylinder according to the invention security can be further improved, as a result Overlay with an external magnetic field the coupling device is not indented, but always in the disengaged Condition remains.

As a drive device for the coupling device preferably a temporarily monostable material is used. This material has the property that it is made by a Current pulse can be magnetized by an outer coil and this magnetization after a predetermined period of time reversed by suitable electrical control can be. By applying a holding current to the coil can preferably further support the magnetization become. With the degradation or loss of magnetic properties the clutch device is automatically disengaged.

Figur 1

einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder;

Figur 2

einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform einer im erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder vorgesehenen Kupplungseinrichtung;

Figur 3

eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie III-III durch die Kupplungseinrichtung von Figur 2;

Figur 4

eine schematische Darstellung einer asymmetrischen Ausführungsform eines Kupplungselements;

Figur 5

den Ablauf eines Ausrückvorgangs der Kupplungseinrichtung entsprechend einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinders;

Figur 6

einen vergrößerten schematischen Längsschnitt durch die Kupplungseinrichtung entsprechend einer anderen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinders; und

Figur 7

einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch den erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder entsprechend einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform.

A preferred embodiment of the lock cylinder according to the invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1

a schematic longitudinal section through a lock cylinder according to the invention;

Figure 2

a schematic cross section through a first embodiment of a coupling device provided in the locking cylinder according to the invention;

Figure 3

a sectional view taken along line III-III through the coupling device of Figure 2;

Figure 4

a schematic representation of an asymmetrical embodiment of a coupling element;

Figure 5

the sequence of a disengagement process of the clutch device according to an embodiment of the lock cylinder according to the invention;

Figure 6

an enlarged schematic longitudinal section through the coupling device according to another embodiment of the lock cylinder according to the invention; and

Figure 7

a schematic longitudinal section through the lock cylinder according to the invention according to a further preferred embodiment.

A preferred embodiment of the invention Lock cylinder 2 is a schematic longitudinal section in Figure 1 shown. The electronic locking cylinder according to the invention 2 can be used in a conventional door lock but also have any other external shape. The invention Lock cylinder 2 essentially has a housing 4, one rotatably arranged with respect to the housing 4 Lock bit 6, an inside of the door or the potential Actuating element opposite on the attack side 8 in Shape of a first doorknob and a door outside or actuating element facing the potential attack side 10 in the form of a second doorknob. An electronic one Access control circuit 12 for verifying a Access authorization is in the cylinder lock according to the invention 2 is preferably accommodated in the actuating element 8 on the inside of the door. Actuator 10 is in the outside of the door preferably the power supply for the electronic Lock cylinder 2 provided in the form of a battery 14. The Door-side actuating element 8 is with the lock bit 6 of the cylinder lock 2 according to the invention by a connecting sleeve 16 rotatably connected so that the lock bit 6 from the inside or opposite the potential attack side Side is always actuable.

The schematic representation according to FIG. 1 shows the invention Lock cylinder 2 in a coupled state, i.e. the outside actuator 10 is also in a rotationally fixed operative connection with the lock bit 6. In the decoupled Condition is the outside actuating element 10 preferably freely rotatable without actuating the lock bit 6. For coupling the locking cylinder 2 according to the invention it is preferred that the access control circuit 12 after Expiration of a verification protocol the outer actuator 10 temporarily couples with the lock bit 6. Is to a clutch device 18 and a drive device 20 for the coupling device 18 in the housing 4 of the invention Lock cylinder 2 provided.

The drive device 20 for the clutch device 18 is preferably in the form of an electromagnet, one coil 22 and an armature 24 axially movable thereto having. The armature or the drive element 24 is in one guide element 26 mounted in the connecting sleeve 16 axially movable. The maximum anchor or stamp path is denoted by "s" in FIG. The anchor is preferred 24 made of a monostable material, e.g. can be temporarily magnetized when exposed to a magnetic field is. This magnetization is further preferred if appropriate supported by a holding current on a coil. To end the coupling, this material can e.g. reversed by a suitable electrical signal become.

The coupling device 18 is preferably in the form of a Coupling cross formed. The coupling device 18 has in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 a guide section 28 on the area of a guide element 30 of the armature 24, the coupling device 18 is axially movable and / or tiltable leads. The guide element 30 of the armature 24 is defined in the axial direction by two stops 32 and 34. When activating the clutch device, i.e. if granted access authorization and the drive device 20 has been activated by the circuit 12, the pushes Anchor 24 with the stop 34, the coupling device 18 in the position shown in Figure 1. The coupling device In this position, 18 connects the actuating element on the outside of the door 10 with the lock bit 6 so that the door can also be opened from the outside. The non-rotatable connection between the outside actuating element 10 and the locking bit 6 is preferably carried out via a connecting sleeve 36 and an engaging element 38, both with the Actuator 10 are rotatably connected. The engaging element 38 points e.g. Recesses 40 on the corresponding to the shape of engagement portions 42 of the coupling device 18 can be formed. Is preferred however, a sleeve is provided as the engaging element 38 which an end section facing the coupling device 18 has a crenellated engagement section, the one provided as the coupling device 18 Coupling cross can be brought into engagement. The coupling device 18 is preferably in the housing 4 or an outer Guide sleeve guided axially movable.

According to a preferred embodiment, which in the 2 and 3, the recesses 40 formed at an angle α opening in the disengaging direction. The angle α is preferably in the range between 1 ° and 5 ° and preferably around 3 °. In the case of preferred sleeve-shaped engaging elements 38 are Bevels provided on the longitudinal surfaces of the battlements in such a way that the gaps between the battlements in the direction of disengagement widen. By providing the bevels by the angle α at the recesses 40 or crenellations of the connecting element 38 and / or by providing bevels on the engagement section 42 of the coupling device 18 or at the coupling cross is a more reliable decoupling the coupling device 18 achievable. This is particularly so due to the fact that the contact area between the engaging portions 42 of the clutch device 18 and the recesses 40 of the engaging element 38 relative is small, so that after an initial detachment of the coupled Parts due to the expanding in the disengaging direction Intermediate the further disengagement with essential less friction or even without further contact. Thus, the release force or breakaway force of the Engagement section 42 significantly reduced from the recesses 40 be, thereby the reliability of the invention Lock cylinder can be increased significantly.

The actual connection between the coupling device 18 and the lock bit 6 by a on the coupling device 18 provided connecting sleeve 44 realized. This is only shown schematically in FIG. 1. How the coupling device has already been described above 18 axially movable on the guide section 30 of the armature 24 and / or guided tiltable. This is especially true for disengagement the coupling device 18 is particularly advantageous. In the decoupled state, the coupling device 18 is excluded Engagement with the engaging member 38 so that the outside of the door Actuator 10 is freely rotatable. In this Position is the lock cylinder according to the invention 2 whenever the drive device 20 is de-energized. For this purpose, a compression spring 46 is preferably provided, which as Return spring acts and the armature 24 in its decoupled Position forces. When recognizing an access authorization the circuit 12 sets the coil 22 of the drive device 20 under tension so that the armature 24 moves out of the coil and with the stop 34, the coupling device 18 takes to the engaging portions 42 of the coupling device 18 with the recesses 40 of the engagement element 38 to connect positively.

Locking the locking cylinder 2 according to the invention or the clutch device 18 is disengaged by switching off the current of the drive device 20. Immediately after Switching off the energy supply pushes the return spring 46 the armature 24 in the direction of its starting position, initially the clutch device 18 in the engaged state remains until the anchor 24 reaches the (shown in Figure 1) Distance Δs has covered and with the stop 32 in contact is coming. The distance Δs is preferably approximately 0.5 mm. This ensures that the relatively large mass the armature 24 is already in motion when it is on the coupling device 18 hits and thereby this through one corresponding breakaway impulse with momentum from the engaged state dissolves. This effect can be especially with the bevels already described above to advantageous Combine wise because the breakaway impulse Coupling device particularly reliable from the initial Coupling position is released. The stop 32 of the anchor 24 moves by the force of the return spring 46 Coupling device 18 further into the rest position, i.e. the completely decoupled state.

In the housing 4 of the cylinder 2 according to the invention is also a drilling protection 48 is provided, which is preferably made of hard metal is formed and a violent opening of the invention Lock cylinder 2 from the outside of the door prevents safe way. The return spring 46 can for example with a centering element 50 in the housing 4 of the Lock cylinder 2 are performed.

Another preferred embodiment is shown in FIGS. Form or function of the lock cylinder according to the invention 2 shown. According to FIG. 4, it may be preferred the coupling device 18 in the form of an asymmetrical Form coupling cross, so as to be a particularly advantageous Release effect when decoupling the clutch device 18 to achieve from the door outside actuator 10. Preferably, when using an asymmetrical Coupling device 18 only a part (e.g. only one) of the engagement areas 42 with the engagement element 38 engaged so that when disengaging the clutch device 18 initially not (or with little force) engaged standing sections and thus more easily detachable sections be solved before then the more firmly engaged Engagement areas 42 are detached. By the resulting Tilting movement of the coupling device 18 is causes a more reliable decoupling.

The sequence of the disengagement process shown schematically in FIG. 5 however, the coupling device 18 can also be independent can be achieved by the shape of the coupling device 18. The disengagement process shown in Figure 5 can both in Combination with the breakaway pulse described above and / or the bevels according to FIG. 3 as well as independently of which apply. 5 is the stop 32 of the armature 24 first with the coupling device 18 in touch. When demagnetizing or switching off the energy supply for the drive device 20 presses the return spring 46, the armature 24 in the disengaging direction, whereby the coupling device 18 corresponding to the middle Figure in Figure 5 is initially tilted slightly to the Detach engagement portions 42 from the recesses 40. Then the coupling device 18 by the stop 32 and the return spring 46 in the disengaged or decoupled rest position moved.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention Lock cylinder 2 and in particular the usable therein Coupling device is shown in Figure 6. Corresponding In this embodiment, the engagement stop 34 is the Embodiments described above as a support for an engagement spring 52. The spring 52 can for example be designed as a compression spring and thereby the coupling device 18 away from the support element 34 in the direction or push it up to the release stop 32. This clutch assembly has the particular advantage that it still ensures more reliable engagement of the clutch device 18 can be.

The armature 24 of the drive device is first used for engagement 20 moved in the direction of engagement. If the to be coupled Do not divide into a defined one at this time coupled position are relative to each other, is from the drive device 20 to the armature 24th transmitted pulse energy by compressing the spring 52 as long as it is buffered until coupling is possible. Then the spring 52 pushes the coupling device 18 without further application of electrical energy into the coupled Position. The decoupling is carried out by the stop 32, such as described above with respect to the other embodiments, the spring 52 possibly by its compressive force bringing the release stop 32 into contact with the coupling device 18 can still support.

Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 of the locking cylinder 2 according to the invention is the armature 24 the drive device 20 by a magnetic decoupling device 54 interrupted to which there is an extension section 56 of the armature 24 with preferably reduced Cross section connects. The extension section 56 preferably extends to the release stop 32. Between the decoupling device 54 and the extension section 56 is also a ferromagnetic material 60 intended. The spring 46 is in this embodiment as Tension spring designed. In the area of the tapered diameter Extension portion 56 is in accordance with this embodiment at least one so-called counter magnet 58 is provided. Furthermore this lock cylinder 2 corresponds to that described above Working principle, with the direction of engagement and disengagement are reversed. The embodiment described with reference to FIG. 7 is with the embodiments explained above and with the aspects of the invention described therein can be combined.

The counter magnet 58 is a safety device against manipulation provided from the outside. It is magnetic from the rest Circle (the drive device) by the magnetic Decoupling device 54 isolated or isolated and is preferably magnetizable by an external magnetic field. This means that when attempting to manipulate the Lock cylinder 2 according to the invention from the outside with a strong magnetic field of the lock cylinder 2 by the magnetic field "Flooded" is what magnetizes him and thereby the counter magnet 58 a stronger force on the element 60 am Anchor 24 exerts as the drive device 20 so that the Armature 24 with the element 60 to the counter magnet 58 in the decoupled Position is pushed. With one intend In contrast, coupling can selectively be a magnetic field be applied to control the armature 24.

In the event of such a magnetic field flooding Armature 24 and thus the coupling device 18 in the rest position forced, which is tantamount to decoupling of the lock cylinder 2 according to the invention.

The lock cylinder according to the invention can accordingly another (not shown) embodiment formed in this way be that a counter magnet activates a locking device, if an external magnetic field for manipulation purposes is created. The locking device is preferably designed such that that they engage the clutch device 18th prevents.

Claims (19)

Lock cylinder (2) with an insertable in a door lock Housing (4), one with respect to the housing (4) rotatably arranged lock bit (6), a door inside Actuating element (8) for the lock bit (6), an access control circuit (12) for verification an access authorization, an outside actuating element (10) and a coupling device (18) for rotatably connecting the outer actuating element (10) with the lock bit (6), the coupling device (18) with at least one engagement section (42) relative to one with the outside actuating element (10) operative engagement element (40) is axially movable and the coupling device (18) on a drive element (24) a drive device (20) axially movable and / or tiltable. Lock cylinder (2) with an insertable in a door lock Housing (4), one with respect to the housing (4) rotatably arranged lock bit (6), a door inside Actuating element (8) for the lock bit (6), an access control circuit (12) for verification an access authorization, an outside actuating element (10) and an electromagnetically actuated Coupling device (18) for rotatable connection of the outer actuating element (10) with the lock bit (6), with at least one counter magnet in the housing (4) (50) is provided, which is superimposed on an external one Magnetic field, the coupling device (18) stronger pushes into a decoupled position as an electromagnetic Actuating device (20) of the coupling device (18). Lock cylinder (2) with an insertable in a door lock Housing (4), one with respect to the housing (4) rotatably arranged lock bit (6), a door inside Actuating element (8) for the lock bit (6), an access control circuit (12) for verification an access authorization, an outside actuating element (10) and an electromagnetically actuated Coupling device (18) for rotatable connection of the outer actuating element (10) with the lock bit (6), with at least one counter magnet in the housing (4) (50) is provided, which is superimposed on an external one Magnetic field activated a locking device prevents coupling of the coupling device (18). Lock cylinder (2) with an insertable in a door lock Housing (4), one with respect to the housing (4) rotatably arranged lock bit (6), a door inside Actuating element (8) for the lock bit (6), an access control circuit (12) for verification an access authorization, an outside actuating element (10) and a coupling device (18) for rotatably connecting the outer actuating element (10) with the lock bit (6), being a temporarily monostable Drive element (24) the coupling device (18) actuated. Combination of the lock cylinder after at least two of the Claims 1 to 4. Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5, the coupling device (18) being guided inside. Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5, the coupling device (18) being guided on the outside. Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5, the coupling device (18) being guided inside and outside is. Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 and 5 to 8, the guide section (30) between two stops (32, 34) of the drive element (24) axially movable is mounted, the first stop (32) for disengagement and the second stop (34) for engaging the Coupling device (18) is used. Lock cylinder (2) according to claim 9, wherein between the Engagement stop (34) and the coupling device (18) a spring element (52) is provided. Lock cylinder (2) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein Disengage the first stop (32) using a return spring (46) with momentum against the coupling device (18) is feasible. Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the engaging portion (42) of the coupling device (18) and / or the engagement element (40) of the outside of the door and / or actuating element on the inside of the door (8, 10) beveled towards the outside in the disengaging direction is. Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 to 12, access authorization can only be granted temporarily is. Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the coupling device (18) and / or the couplable Parts are so asymmetrical that a tilting movement is supported when decoupling. Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the door inside actuating element (8) is the access control circuit (12) and the actuating element on the outside of the door (10) has an energy supply (14). Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 to 15, the access control circuit (12) being designed in this way is that they are exchanging data with an identification medium a person requesting access executes a specified access control protocol, to verify the access authorization. Lock cylinder (2) according to claim 16, wherein the identification carrier has a transponder and the data exchange with the access control circuit (12) done wirelessly. Lock cylinder (2) according to one of claims 1 to 17, whereby between the door-outside actuating element (10) and the lock bit (6) a drill protection (48) is provided is. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 4 to 18, wherein the temporarily monostable drive element (24) during the possible actuation of the coupling device (18) additionally magnetized by a permanent magnetic field and then demagnetized.

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