EP1201739A1 - Fuel for candle, candle and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A combustible material (2) for a candle (1) with a wick (3) has an ignition point above 200 degrees C, and of 225 degrees C or over measured in a closed container. It is made from at least one mineral oil with an ignition point above 200 degrees C, or at least 80 per cent of a mineral oil mixture with a first oil having an ignition point above 200 degrees C, and a second oil of lower viscosity than the first, combined with less than 20 per cent of a polymer such as a tri-bloc copolymer.

Description

The present invention relates to a candle, and more particularly an improvement of existing candles, intended for improve their security. It also concerns the matter spark plug fuel and its manufacturing process.

At present, most lighting candles or decoration are carried out using beeswax or paraffin. However, these compositions are not entirely satisfactory: they do not not allow the realization of transparent candles and they constitute fairly poor support for making scented candles, requiring the incorporation of a large dose of perfume. As a result, some chemists who are developing chemical mixing formulas and make ornamental candles made other fuels intended for making their candles.

These new candle fuels are formed by a mixture of mineral oil and polymers and they allow the realization of transparent decorative candles. However, fuels currently encountered are not entirely satisfactory, particularly in because of their flammability. Indeed, the fuel of current candles tends to ignite at its upper surface when the candle is in use, many candles thus presenting a total blaze of their surface. This presents many risks and therefore prevents the safe use of these candles. Besides that limits the artisanal making of candles by individuals due to the high risk of ignition of combustible material, problem of which the user is not necessarily informed.

The flammability of such candles is generally due to poor dissolution of the polymer in the oil and in the choice of the oil used. So candle manufacturers tend to use oils from low viscosity and therefore oils with point temperatures lower flash to improve dissolution of the polymer.

Furthermore, the flammability of these fuels is a brake on their development since the combustion of a candle made with these combustible proves to be dangerous and it is also not recommended to individuals use them to form their own candles artisanal way.

Thus, the invention aims to solve the problems flammability of such fuels using simple, reliable and easy to use. It presents a process for manufacturing the fuel and the candle which allows to reinforce the safety of this one preventing inflammation on its surface.

According to its main characteristic, the combustible material for candle of the invention is characterized in that it has a flash point whose temperature is above 200 ° C.

According to the preferred embodiment of the combustible material for candle of the invention, it has a temperature of its point flash, measured in a vacuum, greater than or equal to 225 ° C.

According to another characteristic of the combustible material for candle of the invention, the latter comprises in its composition at least one mineral oil which has a flash point temperature higher than 200 ° C.

According to one embodiment of the combustible material for candle of the invention, it comprises in its composition at least 80% a mixture of mineral-type oil of which a first oil has a flash point temperature higher than 200 ° C and at least one second oil whose viscosity is lower than that of the first oil.

According to another characteristic of the combustible material for candle of the invention, it is characterized in that it comprises in its composition less than 20% of a polymer such as a tri-block copolymer.

According to one embodiment of the combustible material for spark plug of the invention, the copolymer is of the type of those sold under the name "KRATON" by the company SHELL CHEMICAL (Brands filed).

According to another characteristic of the combustible material for candle of the invention, it is characterized in that it comprises in its composition between 5% and 8% of polymer.

Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method of manufacture of a candle or combustible material for a candle characterized in that it consists in heating in a main stage one or several oils mixed with an antioxidant at a temperature higher than 125 ° C to incorporate a polymer into the mixture.

According to this manufacturing process, it includes a step intermediate which consists in coating the wick with a mixture similar to that used to form the fuel but where the mineral oil or the oil mixture was replaced with paraffin.

Furthermore, the invention also covers a candle characterized in that its combustible material is formed by at least 90% of an oil mineral or a mixture of mineral oils whose point temperature flash is greater than 200 ° C, between 5% and 8% of a polymer and a antioxidant.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge of the description which will follow with regard to the appended drawings which are not given only by way of nonlimiting examples.

Figures 1 to 3e illustrate the candle of the invention and its process Manufacturing.

Figure 1 shows the candle of the invention in perspective.

Figure 2 illustrates in cross section the candle of the invention.

Figures 3a to 3e illustrate schematically in section transverse the method of manufacturing the candle of the invention.

Figure 3a shows the mixture of oils and antioxidant.

FIG. 3b illustrates the heating of the oils and the incorporation of the polymer.

Figure 3c shows a waxed and crimped wick.

Figure 3d illustrates the filling of the candle.

Figure 3e shows the cooling thereof.

According to the invention, the candle bearing the general reference (1) is formed by a combustible material (2) in which is arranged at least a wick (3). It can be placed in a container (4) or be presented unmolded. It can be transparent and can advantageously be decorative or fragrant and contain elements decorative elements incorporated directly into the combustible material (2) or arranged on the external face of said material.

According to the invention, the combustible material (2) of the spark plug (1) has a flash point whose temperature (T) is higher than 200 ° C, the flash point of a fuel representing the temperature above which the material ignites automatically. So, the candle (1) of the invention is formed using a combustible material whose flash point temperature is high, above 200 ° C. Depending on the mode preferred embodiment of the candle of the invention, the fuel used has a flash point temperature measured in a closed cup of 225 ° C, the measurement of the flash point temperature under conventional conditions of use giving an even higher value. In the prior art, the candles are generally made with fuels whose flash point is between 150 and 180 ° C, in particular due to the fuel manufacturing process which requires the use of raw materials and in particular oils having a low flash point and a low viscosity to promote the incorporation of polymers.

According to the invention, the combustible material (2) of the spark plug (1) is consisting of a mixture of several products and includes in particular at least one mineral type oil (5) having a flash point greater than 200 ° C, at least one polymer (6) and at least one antioxidant (7). oil (5) can advantageously have a flash point equal to 225 ° C or 250 ° C. The polymer (6) is advantageously a polymer of petroleum origin. It is intended to solidify the mixture obtained. The oil (5) used is of the type mineral, a white oil such as those sold by SHELL, ESSO or TOTAL FINA (Trademarks), for example. His flash point is advantageously equal to 250 ° C in order to obtain a candle (1) which presents no risk of self-ignition, once the combustible material (2) produced and during its production. It is obvious that a mixture of several oils (5, 5a, 5b) can be used so as to be able to play on the viscosity and therefore on the dimension of the pool which is shape on the candle around the wick while it is lit. Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the material fuel (2) comprises a mixture of a mineral oil having a high flash point greater than 200 ° C, for example equal to 250 ° C and a second mineral oil whose viscosity and point temperature flash are weaker than those of the first oil like for example equal to 225 ° C. Note that the proportion by weight of the second oil can advantageously be less than 30%.

According to the candle manufacturing process and as shown in the Figure 3a, the oils (5a, 5b) are mixed with stirring. This mixture can operate cold or at room temperature or be performed preferably hot. An agent is incorporated into the oil mixture antioxidant (7) in a preliminary step before the mixture (5a, 5b) has reached the temperature of 60 ° C. The main stage of the manufacturing consists in heating the oil obtained (5, 5a, 5b, 7) to bring it to a temperature of at least 125 ° C, the temperature from which incorporates the desired polymer into the mixture. We maintain during this main stage the temperature of the mixture around 155 ° C. while continuing the agitation as shown in Figure 3b, until obtaining the complete dissolution of the polymer (6) in the oil mixture.

According to the preferred embodiment of the candle of the invention, the polymer used is advantageously a triblock copolymer of the type of those marketed under the name "KRATON" by the Company SHELL CHEMICAL, such as "KRATON 1650 E" (Trademarks), by example. The polymer content of the combustible material is less than 20% by weight. According to one embodiment of the combustible material (2), this comprises between 5 and 8% of polymer, it comprises a mixture mineral oil which forms more than 80% of the fuel and which contains oil such as Shellflex 430 FC (Trademark) at 88.01% by example and oil such as Shellflex 270 FC (Trademark) by example at 5.00%, said oils being marketed by SHELL (Registered trademark), as well as an antioxidant (7). It goes without saying that, according to a variant not shown, the mineral oil used is formed with a single oil such as Shellflex 430 FC (Registered trademark) from SHELL (Trademark) mentioned above with a content higher than 90%, without however, depart from the scope of the invention.

According to the invention, the combustible material (2) may include perfume, at a rate lower than 5%, incorporated in the oil mixture (5) during the main stage, for example. The candle (2) has a wick (3) coated with a combustible or "waxed" material. This wick (3) allows thus a better combustion of the candle (1) avoiding to load in oil when shaping the candle in its container. The material fuel used to wax the wick is advantageously made up of a mixture similar to that used to form the fuel (2) of the candle (1) by replacing the oil mixture (5) with a paraffin such as paraffin 74/76 or other for example.

According to the manufacturing process, after the preliminary step which consists of mixing oils (5) and an antioxidant (7) as shown in FIG. 3a, the mixture obtained is heated in a main stage to one temperature (T1) of at least 125 ° C to incorporate the polymer (6), as shown in Figure 3b. An intermediate step is to coat the wick of a substantially similar mixture containing paraffin before crimping it using a patch (8) at its lower end, as as shown by the crimped wick illustrated in FIG. 3c. This intermediate step is carried out industrially using rolls of wicks which are drop the wick through a bath containing the mixture of paraffin and polymer then in a die and in a cooler. The wick is then ironed in the bath, the die and the cooler several times until the desired thickness of wax is obtained, it is then cut to the desired length and then crimped. In its illustrated final stage figure 3d, the manufacturing process consists in positioning the drill bit (3) thanks to its crimped disc (8) and possibly one or more elements decorative (9) in a container (4) advantageously transparent and pour the mixture of oil, polymer and antioxidant into the container to partially cover the wick with combustible material (2). Then, the candle (1) is cooled as shown in Figure 3e either accelerated way using a cooling tunnel either so natural so that its combustible material (2) resumes a solid form at room temperature.

It is important to note that according to the invention, the dissolution of the polymer (6) in the mixture of oils (5a, 5b) or in a single oil (5) is carried out at a temperature of at least 125 ° C and advantageously equal at 160-170 ° C whereas, in the prior art, the incorporation of polymers takes place at temperatures around 100 ° C so as not to deteriorate the oils used.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the modes of realization described and represented as examples, but it includes also all technical equivalents and their combinations.

Claims (10)

Combustible material (2) for candle (1) characterized in that it has a flash point whose temperature is above 200 ° C. Combustible material (2) for candle (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that it has a temperature of its flash point, measured in a closed cup, greater than or equal to 225 ° C. Combustible material (2) for candle (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises in its composition at least one oil of mineral type which has a temperature of its flash point greater than 200 ° C. Combustible material (2) for candle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises in its composition at least 80% of a mixture of oil of mineral type of which a first oil (5a) has a flash point temperature greater than 200 ° C and at least a second oil (5b) whose viscosity is lower than that of the first oil. Combustible material (2) for candle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises in its composition less than 20% of a polymer such as a tri-block copolymer (6). Combustible material (2) for candle (1) according to claim 5 characterized in that the copolymer (6) is of the type of those marketed under the name "KRATON" by the company SHELL CHEMICAL (Trademarks). Combustible material (2) for candle (1) according to any one of claims 5 or 6 characterized in that it comprises in its composition between 5% and 8% of polymer (6). Method for manufacturing a candle (1) or a combustible material (2) for a candle (1) characterized in that it consists in heating in one main stage one or more mixed oil (5, 5a, 5b) ( s) an antioxidant (7) at a temperature above 125 ° C to incorporate a polymer (6) into the mixture. A method of manufacturing a candle (1) according to claim 8 characterized in that it comprises an intermediate step which consists in coating the wick (3) with a mixture similar to that used to form the fuel but where the mineral oil or the mineral oil mixture (5, 5a, 5b) has been replaced by paraffin. Candle (1) characterized in that the combustible material (2) is formed by at least 90% of a mineral oil or a mixture of mineral oil (5, 5a, 5b) whose temperature of the flash point is higher at 200 ° C, between 5% and 8% of a polymer and an antioxidant.

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