EP1208410A1 - Verfahren zur generierung patientenspezifischer implantate - Google Patents
Verfahren zur generierung patientenspezifischer implantateInfo
- Publication number
- EP1208410A1 EP1208410A1 EP00934997A EP00934997A EP1208410A1 EP 1208410 A1 EP1208410 A1 EP 1208410A1 EP 00934997 A EP00934997 A EP 00934997A EP 00934997 A EP00934997 A EP 00934997A EP 1208410 A1 EP1208410 A1 EP 1208410A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- patient
- model
- implant
- data
- virtual
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011477 surgical intervention Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002595 magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001454 recorded image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
- G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
- A61F2/2875—Skull or cranium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
- A61F2002/30948—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using computerized tomography, i.e. CT scans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
- A61F2002/30952—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using CAD-CAM techniques or NC-techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35016—Analyse model, decide on number of sections to take
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35062—Derive mating, complementary, mirror part from computer model data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35533—Use, input 2-D data, sectional profile to machine 3-D surface
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49008—Making 3-D object with model in computer memory
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S623/00—Prosthesis, i.e. artificial body members, parts thereof, or aids and accessories therefor
- Y10S623/901—Method of manufacturing prosthetic device
Definitions
- the invention relates to the generation of patient-specific implants on the basis of available examination results from the patient from imaging processes in medical technology.
- the implant is then manually modeled into the defect using plastically mouldable materials and only then is the final shape created from the implant material. Manufacture of the implant in materials with higher strength, such as titanium, is preferred.
- the production starting from the available data up to the operationally usable and fitable implant, is associated with a high expenditure of time and money, which increases even further in the case of the production of a so-called intermediate model.
- the preparation of an implant during an operation requires a correspondingly high amount of time and organizational effort for the surgical intervention and, last but not least, represents a very high physical and psychological burden for the patient it is more difficult to use an implant that is not fit to the defect site of the patient in a form-fitting manner from a medical and aesthetic point of view.
- the surgeon's special skills and experience often determine the outcome of the operation.
- the first-mentioned methods can only be used for smaller and / or slightly structured defects and quickly reach their manufacturing limits for shaping and adapting to complex defects and implants.
- the operational effort is largely determined by the ability of the implant to fit the defect.
- this accuracy can be additionally impaired by taking an impression from the intermediate model.
- the implants have to be manufactured in lengthy and extremely time-consuming processes, possibly over several intermediate stages. In this relatively large period, the defect area in the patient may change in the meantime.
- the surgeon treating the patient should have concrete information not only about the defect site on the patient, but also about the size and shape of the implant to be used before planning the operation.
- the invention is based, regardless of the size, shape and complexity of the defect site of the patient, to generate a functionally and aesthetically more precisely adapted implant that can be produced in a shorter time and with less effort and can also be used in a surgical procedure for the patient can.
- the procedure should be applicable with the same accuracy for all shapes, sizes and for all possible implant materials.
- the virtual three-dimensional model of the patient which is known to have been formed from existing (two-dimensional) recorded image data at least for his implant and surrounding area, is compared with real medical reference data. From this comparison, the most suitable model for the patient or a reference model object most similar to the model of the patient is selected, and a virtual implant model is generated after this. CNC control data for the program-controlled manufacture of the implant are generated directly from the virtual implant model data present in the computer.
- the comparison with real medical reference data can take place both in a database with medical data stored there of a number of test persons (other persons) and also using data from the patient himself, whose body symmetry (in particular duplicate mirror-symmetrical body areas) for the selection or generation of a patient reference model be taken into account.
- the implant is modeled virtually in terms of aesthetics and functionality, and only with computational effort (software), in a very short time, patient-specific, and adapted very precisely to the shape of the defect site of the patient for any shape, size and degree of complexity of the necessary implant.
- the treating surgeon can receive very specific information for objective surgical planning on the virtual model and can simulate the course of the operation in advance of the procedure, which means that the actual operation and its course can be better prepared, carried out and more realistic in terms of success and, if necessary, discussed and coordinated a priori with the patient.
- the patient's reference model is extracted using mathematical algorithms and the control data for the implant filling or closing the defect site is derived directly therefrom, so that the implant is immediately program-controlled with the advantages of the CNC control known per se and without the need for intermediate or trial models (especially for taking impressions, for testing purposes, for reworking, for correction and, if necessary, for new production).
- implants of almost any shape and size, as well as from any materials, including ceramics and titanium, can be produced, so that the implant with regard to the required properties (function, resilience , Resorbability, durability, aesthetic appearance, biological compatibility, etc.) can be selected.
- the implant production guaranteed in the shortest possible time, which can also be repeated just as quickly under new or changed aspects of the surgical intervention, reduces the time and organizational process in clinical operations as well as the effort for the surgeon and the health risk for the patient.
- the exact adaptation of the implant to be manufactured to the defect area achieves a high aesthetics of the implanted defect area and that surgical corrections, improvements and other follow-up operations are avoided or at least reduced in size and number.
- FIG. 1 shows a general process overview
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed process overview
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show both a general and a detailed block diagram-type overview to illustrate the method according to the invention.
- medical 2D image data 1 (2D slice images) of a defect area 5 and of its surroundings are recorded in the radiological department of a hospital (for example by computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) (cf. FIG. 3).
- the 2D image data 1 first has a contour recognition and then a segmentation with the aim of detecting the hard tissue areas (bones).
- the result of the contour detection and segmentation results in 2D image data 2, from which a virtual 3D patient model 3 (point model) of at least the defect area 5 with its surroundings is formed by appropriate spatial arrangement.
- the defect area is precisely defined and marked on this virtual 3D patient model 3 using computer programs that can be used specifically for this purpose.
- the designer of the implant has various methods for generating precisely fitting implants. These are:
- a virtual implant model 9 Reconstruct the symmetry properties of the human body from the data of an intact side 7 of the 3D patient model 4 by means of an inversion 8 (reflection of the intact side 7 at the plane of symmetry 6).
- the extraction of a virtual implant model 9 is carried out using mathematical algorithms, which are not to be described in more detail here. , If the defect area 5 lies on a 3D patient model 10 (shown in a side view in FIG. 6) on the plane of symmetry of the human body or if the data of the intact side cannot be used for any reason, the virtual implant model 9 can be used via a 3D reference model 11 generate. This is done using a
- Comparison of specific features of the 3D patient model 10 in a reference database made a selection of similar models taking into account mathematical, functional, medical and aesthetic aspects.
- the 3D reference model 11 is selected from this selection, preferably under special medical examination.
- a virtual 3D patient model 12 is created, from which, as described in point 1, the virtual implant model 9 is generated on the computer.
- both methods inversion according to point 1 and database comparison according to point 2 can be used in succession and the results can be combined to form a 3D reference model for implant modeling.
- the selection and / or formation of the 3D reference model according to one or more of the aforementioned methods and the generation of the virtual implant model from the 3D reference model are done purely in terms of computing. With this processing, both a very fast and a precisely fitting generation and subsequent manufacture of the implant for operative use on the patient is provided.
- the present virtual implant model 9 (FIG. 7) is subjected to various procedures after the generation. For this, e.g. B. strength calculations, simulations for medical operation planning and manufacturing, as well as the marking (drilling, fastenings, etc.), quality controls, etc. belong.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19922279A DE19922279A1 (de) | 1999-05-11 | 1999-05-11 | Verfahren zur Generierung patientenspezifischer Implantate |
DE19922279 | 1999-05-11 | ||
PCT/EP2000/004166 WO2000068749A1 (de) | 1999-05-11 | 2000-05-10 | Verfahren zur generierung patientenspezifischer implantate |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1208410A1 true EP1208410A1 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
EP1208410B1 EP1208410B1 (de) | 2004-12-22 |
Family
ID=7908086
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00934997A Expired - Lifetime EP1208410B1 (de) | 1999-05-11 | 2000-05-10 | Verfahren zur generierung patientenspezifischer implantate |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6932842B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1208410B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002543860A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1350667A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE285595T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU5064800A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2373691C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19922279A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000068749A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
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US11152106B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2021-10-19 | Align Technology, Inc. | Method for manipulating a dental virtual model, method for creating physical entities based on a dental virtual model thus manipulated, and dental models thus created |
US11147458B2 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2021-10-19 | Align Technology, Inc. | Methods and systems for creating and interacting with three dimensional virtual models |
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US8556983B2 (en) | 2001-05-25 | 2013-10-15 | Conformis, Inc. | Patient-adapted and improved orthopedic implants, designs and related tools |
US8771365B2 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2014-07-08 | Conformis, Inc. | Patient-adapted and improved orthopedic implants, designs, and related tools |
US9603711B2 (en) | 2001-05-25 | 2017-03-28 | Conformis, Inc. | Patient-adapted and improved articular implants, designs and related guide tools |
US8617242B2 (en) | 2001-05-25 | 2013-12-31 | Conformis, Inc. | Implant device and method for manufacture |
US8735773B2 (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2014-05-27 | Conformis, Inc. | Implant device and method for manufacture |
US8545569B2 (en) | 2001-05-25 | 2013-10-01 | Conformis, Inc. | Patient selectable knee arthroplasty devices |
US8882847B2 (en) | 2001-05-25 | 2014-11-11 | Conformis, Inc. | Patient selectable knee joint arthroplasty devices |
US8480754B2 (en) | 2001-05-25 | 2013-07-09 | Conformis, Inc. | Patient-adapted and improved articular implants, designs and related guide tools |
EP1139872B1 (de) | 1998-09-14 | 2009-08-19 | The Board of Trustees of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Zustandsbestimmung eines gelenks und schadenvorsorge |
US7239908B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 2007-07-03 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Assessing the condition of a joint and devising treatment |
ATE279313T1 (de) * | 2000-07-04 | 2004-10-15 | 3Di Gmbh | Verfahren zur naturgetreuen herstellung medizinischer implantate und epithesen und danach hergestellte implantate und epithesen |
ATE414310T1 (de) | 2000-09-14 | 2008-11-15 | Univ Leland Stanford Junior | Verfahren zur manipulation medizinischer bilder |
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US7796791B2 (en) | 2002-11-07 | 2010-09-14 | Conformis, Inc. | Methods for determining meniscal size and shape and for devising treatment |
US8276091B2 (en) * | 2003-09-16 | 2012-09-25 | Ram Consulting | Haptic response system and method of use |
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DE102004020020B4 (de) * | 2004-04-23 | 2009-04-23 | Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin | Dreidimensionales Modell eines menschlichen Kinderschädels in Lebensgröße |
US7261738B2 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2007-08-28 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | C-shaped disc prosthesis |
US8353965B2 (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2013-01-15 | Seitz Jr William H | Small joint orthopedic implants and their manufacture |
US8696707B2 (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2014-04-15 | Zyga Technology, Inc. | Facet joint stabilization |
US8394142B2 (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2013-03-12 | Synthes Usa, Llc | Customizing an intervertebral implant |
DE102005029454A1 (de) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-01-04 | Implant & 3D Planungscenter GbR (vertretungsberechtigte Gesellschafter Dr. Jan Kielhorn, 74629 Pfedelbach, Gerhard Stachulla, 86444 Affing, Marcel Liedtke, 86447 Todtenweis) | Verfahren und System zum Begutachten einer Implantatsplanung |
CN100998523B (zh) * | 2006-01-13 | 2011-05-04 | 宝钰生技股份有限公司 | 植牙板制作方法 |
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-
2000
- 2000-05-10 EP EP00934997A patent/EP1208410B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-10 CA CA002373691A patent/CA2373691C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-10 CN CN00807348A patent/CN1350667A/zh active Pending
- 2000-05-10 DE DE50009047T patent/DE50009047D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-10 JP JP2000616471A patent/JP2002543860A/ja active Pending
- 2000-05-10 US US10/009,881 patent/US6932842B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-10 AT AT00934997T patent/ATE285595T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-10 AU AU50648/00A patent/AU5064800A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-05-10 WO PCT/EP2000/004166 patent/WO2000068749A1/de active IP Right Grant
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US11152106B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2021-10-19 | Align Technology, Inc. | Method for manipulating a dental virtual model, method for creating physical entities based on a dental virtual model thus manipulated, and dental models thus created |
US11147458B2 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2021-10-19 | Align Technology, Inc. | Methods and systems for creating and interacting with three dimensional virtual models |
US11284802B2 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2022-03-29 | Align Technology, Inc. | Methods and systems for creating and interacting with three dimensional virtual models |
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DE19922279A1 (de) | 2000-11-16 |
CA2373691A1 (en) | 2000-11-16 |
WO2000068749A1 (de) | 2000-11-16 |
EP1208410B1 (de) | 2004-12-22 |
JP2002543860A (ja) | 2002-12-24 |
ATE285595T1 (de) | 2005-01-15 |
DE50009047D1 (de) | 2005-01-27 |
CA2373691C (en) | 2007-03-20 |
CN1350667A (zh) | 2002-05-22 |
AU5064800A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
US6932842B1 (en) | 2005-08-23 |
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