EP1273324A1 - Safety binding to hold a person or an object to another object - Google Patents

Abstract

The binding has a sensor (7) to determine incidents generated by the boot in the binding, and an evaluator for these incidents. If an incident occurs, which exceeds pre-set or pre-calculated limits, the connection between boot and ski is released. The connection is disconnected by simultaneous release of all holder devices (8,15) of the safety binding. All forces and accelerations caused by the boot in the binding are determined and evaluated in a micro control unit, which releases the holders.

Description

The present invention relates to an electronic security binding Evaluation unit for holding a person or an object on another Object. This is always necessary when a person or an object in the Normally, it must be firmly connected to the other object For security reasons, however, this connection is necessary in certain situations to solve. Exceeds, e.g. when skiing, the force exerted by the shoe on the binding a set limit, the connection between shoe and binding is released.

Such binding systems are known from skiing and snowboarding. In known systems, however, it is not possible to open two or more bindings due to an event. The structure chosen here enables several bindings to be opened in a targeted manner due to its properties.
In previously known safety binding systems with an electronic evaluation unit, for example WO 93/03803, the release of the shoe from the binding takes place through the electromotive opening of the automatic heel unit when the maximum permissible moments M _z or M _{y are} exceeded. The aim of WO 93/03803 is to make the tripping characteristic independent of acceleration forces acting on the tripping mechanism.
In conventional purely mechanical binding systems, the shoe is released from the binding on the toe by a rotational movement, on the automatic heel unit by a tilting, folding, swiveling or rotating movement. The trigger torque is set here by spring forces. These safety binding systems are only triggered if the set limit is exceeded, but not if a force below the limit, which is sometimes hazardous to health, is left for a longer period. In the published patent application DE19822953A1, an adaptation of the triggering force as a function of different parameters of the driving style is already described. This adjustment is done mechanically.

The invention has for its object to protect the user of the binding improve, as well as relative movements of the object to be held in the binding minimize. Furthermore, the current consumption is known to be electromechanical Bond system can be further reduced. Basically, the reliability should be through a simpler mechanical construction can be increased. In addition, it should be possible to combine several security ties into security tie groups.

This task is carried out in terms of its arrangement aspect by means of a security binding the features of claim 1, a security bond group with the features of Claim 14 solved.

In order to achieve this object according to the invention, sensors, e.g. Semiconductor strain gauges, which over the object to be held, e.g. a shoe in which Binding unit initiated force and also the acceleration e.g. by means of Semiconductors G sensors. These signals are through one in this Scope of application new method processed and evaluated. The sensor signals are processed and made available to a digital evaluation unit. In contrast to previously known electronic binding systems e.g. WO 93/03803, in which only an evaluation of sensor signals with respect to the absolute forces or Accelerations are described, the signals are here according to the invention different evaluation algorithms. The evaluation is based on preset

Parameters which e.g. with ski bindings be adapted to the driving dynamics i.e. it arise Trip limit values depending on the driving situation.

DE19822953A1 describes a ski binding with adaptation to the driving situation Release forces through a mechanical device. This adjustment is based on the Assumption that the athlete takes a template in typical driving and thus the binding has higher trigger limits. In atypical driving situations, the opens Binding, however, easier. This solution does not take into account the actual driving dynamics, i.e. A template of the athlete may already be present in the stand and therefore not the desired lower trigger limit. It happens even in typical driving situations to load changes on the binding, so that even with sporty driving a reduced Trigger limit can lead to an unwanted triggering of the binding e.g. by Uneven ground. In contrast, in the solution according to the invention Evaluation of the sensor signals to give an exact picture of the respective driving situation to draw. It is not only time-discrete individual values of the sensor signals that are considered drawn, but also averaged values or sequences of values over a certain time interval considered. These values or sequences of values are used to calculate the different ones evaluating sizes. A max. permissible Limit value determined and stored in a suitable storage medium e.g. parameterized an EEPROM. This max. permissible limit values are adjusted downwards depending on the driving situation. This adjustment is of course done automatically using the procedures of Control technology. This greatly improves the protection of the athlete. On Another economic advantage is that one bond model all Skier types Type1-Type3 and Type3a recorded according to DIN ISO 8061. Another The advantage according to the invention is that almost any external influences target this Trigger behavior of the binding can change. For example, with a bicycle binding the The frequency of rotation of the pedals influence the trigger limit values of the pedals.

A reduction in energy consumption is achieved according to the invention by a cyclical one Switching the sensors on and off. Due to a sufficiently high polling frequency, a guaranteed safe function. According to the invention, a further energy reduction takes place through a constructive element which, for example, by twisting this element potential Stores energy. The energy is applied automatically during the production of the Operating condition of the binding. This element is also used for mechanical Decoupling of the forces and accelerations acting on the trigger mechanism. Forces acting externally on the binding have no influence on the Tripping characteristics of the mechanics. Through the above-mentioned energy saving measures The advantage is that the availability of the energy storage used, for example Li-ion batteries. Can be used to charge the batteries the battery compartments can be easily removed and connected to a charger.

Another advantage of the solution according to the invention is that both front and also rear holding device is triggered with its own release element. The An event is generally triggered on the front and rear Holder. The advantage is that there is redundancy of the trigger mechanism given is. Despite these advantages, the mechanical result is very simple Construction of the overall system. This leads to a cost-optimized product.

A simultaneous opening of several linked security bonds (Security tie group) by a trigger event on a binding solved according to the invention in that two or more binding units by one Communication bus are connected. For example, a Limit exceeded on the holding device for the right foot triggering the cause right and left holding device.

With the type of attachment described in DE19822953A1 there is always an undesirable one Relative movement of the shoe for binding due to dynamic driving loads instead. The Relative movement of, for example, a shoe in the binding is thereby according to the invention excluded that the shoe holding devices in the operating mode are non-positive and positive are connected to the shoe. The shoe holding devices are in the operating mode anchored to a central fixed component of the binding. In trigger mode If this connection is released, this releases the shoe completely from the Binding. The structure of the binding found here also offers the greatest in driving situations dynamic loads an absolutely rigid fixation of the shoe in the binding. This guarantees the athlete a always defined position on the sports equipment and thus greatest possible control over the same.

With previously known and customary binding systems, the user has none Assistants are available who actively open the binding when triggered. This will be here solved according to the invention by four spring elements per binding unit, which when triggered release the energy stored in you and actively open the binding translationally. In addition, the overall construction is selected so that, for example, that of the fall a skier's kinetic energy to support translational Contributes to the opening of the bond.

Fig.1: Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Bindung.

Fig.2: Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Bindung unter Weglassung von Batteriefach, vorderer Haltevorrichtung und hinterer Haltevorrichtung.

Fig.3: Vergrößerte Detailzeichnungen aus Fig. 1 und Fig.2

Fig.4: schematische Darstellung der Elemente der vorderen Bindungseinheit in verschiedenen Ansichten.

Fig.5: schematische Darstellung der Elemente der hinteren Bindungseinheit in verschiedenen Ansichten.

Fig.6: Diagramme zur näheren Erläuterung der Auswertealgorithmen.

Fig.7: Blockdiagramm der elektronischen Auswerteeinheit.

Advantages and advantages of the invention result from the subclaims and the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures. In particular, FIGS. 1-5 show in schematic form an arrangement in which the inventive principle of safety binding has been applied to a ski binding.
Show in detail:

Fig.1: Side view of a binding according to the invention.

Fig. 2: Top view of a binding according to the invention with the battery compartment, front holding device and rear holding device omitted.

Fig. 3: Enlarged detailed drawings from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2

Fig.4: schematic representation of the elements of the front binding unit in different views.

Fig.5: schematic representation of the elements of the rear binding unit in different views.

Fig. 6: Diagrams for a more detailed explanation of the evaluation algorithms.

Fig. 7: Block diagram of the electronic evaluation unit.

• Zentralblock   Pos.1
• Auswerteeinheit   Pos.1'
• Riegelzapfen   Pos.2
• Führungsschienen   Pos.3
• Vorderer Fixklotz   Pos.4
• Hinterer Fixklotz   Pos.4'
• Haltestift   Pos.5
• Vordere Führungsplatte   Pos.6
• Hintere Führungsplatte   Pos.6'
• Vorderer Torsionsstab mit Sensoraufnehmer   Pos.7
• Hinterer Torsionsstab mit Längenverstellung   Pos.7'
• Hinterer Sensoraufnehmer   Pos.7"
• Sensor   Pos.7"'
• Vordere Haltevorrichtung   Pos.8
• Batteriefach   Pos.9
• Feder   Pos.10
• Führungshülse   Pos.11
• Schablone   Pos.12
• Gegenlager   Pos.13
• Haken   Pos.14
• Hintere Haltevorrichtung   Pos.15
• Riegel   Pos.16
• Scharnier   Pos.17
• Verschlussplatte   Pos.18
• Aretierfeder   Pos.19
• Führungsstift   Pos.22
• Abstandsgeber   Pos.23
• Microcontrollereinheit (MCU)   Pos.24

The binding essentially consists of the following individual parts.

• Central block item 1
• Evaluation unit pos. 1 '
• Bolt pin pos. 2
• Guide rails item 3
• Front fixed block, item 4
• Rear fixed block pos. 4 '
• Holding pin pos. 5
• Front guide plate pos. 6
• Rear guide plate pos. 6 '
• Front torsion bar with sensor transducer pos. 7
• Rear torsion bar with length adjustment item 7 '
• Rear sensor sensor pos.7 "
• Sensor pos.7 "'
• Front holding device item 8
• Battery compartment item 9
• Spring pos. 10
• Guide sleeve item 11
• Template Item 12
• Counter bearing item 13
• Hook pos. 14
• Rear holding device item 15
• Bolt Item 16
• Hinge item 17
• Locking plate pos. 18
• Locking spring item 19
• Guide pin pos. 22
• Spacer item 23
• Microcontroller unit (MCU) item 24

Basic mechanical structure:

The rear fixed block 4 'and the front fixed block 4 are firmly connected to the ski. The Guide rails 3 are firmly anchored in the front fixed block 4, while storage in rear fixed block 4 'allows axial movement. This enables an optimal bending line of the Ski. The central block 1 with locking pin 2 is fixed on the guide rails 3. in the Central block 1 is integrated the electronic evaluation unit 1 ', as well as the Trigger mechanism and the display and setting unit. The front bracket 8 and the front guide plate 6 are on the front torsion bar with sensor 7th firmly connected. Rear holding device 15 and rear guide plate 6 'are over the rear sensor transducer 7 "firmly connected. The front guide plate 6 is in closed state, via the front torsion bar with sensor transducer 7, detachable with the central block 1 connected. The rear guide plate 6 'is in the closed state, via the rear torsion bar with length adjustment 7 ', detachable with the central block 1 connected. The length of the binding is adjusted to the length of the shoe sole using the Adjustment of the distance between the central block and the rear guide plate using Spacers 23. The mechanical fixation takes place on the elongated hole of the rear Torsion bar with length adjustment 7 'instead.

Operating status:

Front guide plate 6 and rear guide plate 6 'with the associated Holding devices are on the guide rails 3 in the direction of the central block 1st pushed. By this movement, the sleeves of the torsion bars 7 and 7 'over the Bolt pin 2 out. There is a template 12 in the locking pin 2. In the sleeves the torsion bars 7 and 7 'each have a guide pin 22. By axial movement of the sleeves Torsion bars 7 and 7 'over the locking pins 2 follow the guide pins 22 of the template 12 and twist the torsion bars 7 and 7 '. The torsion energy is in the torsion bars 7 and 7 '. When the end position is reached, the hooks 14 designed as hooks engage Ends of the sleeves of the torsion bars 7 and 7 'in corresponding counter bearings 13 in Central block 1. In order to prevent turning back, the arrangement is by the holding pins 5 fixed. Due to the relative longitudinal movement of the guide plates 6 and 6 'to the central block 1 the springs 10 are tensioned. The hooks 14 prevent the tensioned springs 10 from Open the binding again. In the operating state, the rear holding device 15 is in horizontal position. A spring integrated in hinge 17 strives for the rear one Bring holding device 15 in the entry position. To do this during operation prevent, the locking spring 19 presses the bolt 16 into an anchorage of the rear Sensor sensor 7 ".

Triggering the bond:

The front torsion bar with sensor sensor 7 and the rear sensor sensor 7 ", wear the sensors 7 "'. By a differentially small relative movement of the Holding devices 8 and 15 to the respective guide plates 6 and 6 'becomes a force initiated on the sensors 7 '' '. This force causes sensor output signals. The Sensor output signals are processed, fed to the evaluation unit 1 'and evaluated. If one of the criteria listed under points a.) - d.) (See below) is exceeded, the holding pins 5 are actuated. This can e.g. done electromechanically. The fixation the torsion bars 7 and 7 'is thereby canceled, the hooks 14 jump out of their Counter bearings 13. The torsion bars 7 and 7 'relax and slide, forced through Springs 10, from the locking pins 2. The binding opens by longitudinal movement of the front and rear guide plates 6 and 6 'on the guide rails 3.

Getting the skier into the binding:

In order to bring the binding out of the operating state into the entry position, the latch 16 from the anchorage of the rear sensor sensor 7 " Holding device 15 pivots upwards. The entry now takes place by stepping down rear holding device 15 with the shoe. When the end position is reached, the bolt slides 16 back into the anchorage on the sensor receiver 7 ". The binding is in the Operating condition.

Length adjustment of the binding to the sole of the shoe:

The length is adjusted via the rear guide plate 6 '. A slot in the back Torsion bar 7 'enables a continuous adjustment to the length of the shoe sole. By two Clamping screws are fixed to the set length. The white space between Central block 1 and rear guide plate 6 'are inserted by inserting spacers 23 filled.

a.) Bewertung der Krafteinwirkung Fig.6 Diagramm a:
Zyklischer Vergleich der an den Sensoren gemessenen Werte mit einem voreingestellten Grenzwert. Bei Überschreiten des einstellbaren Kraftgrenzwertes A erfolgt die Auslösung der Bindung. Beispielsweise kann ein einzelner Sensorwert mit dem errechneten Auslösegrenzwert A verglichen werden. Dies stellt den einfachsten Fall dar. Es können aber auch Signale mehrerer Sensoren oder mehrere Signale eines Sensors oder eine beliebige Kombination davon zur Auswertung herangezogen werden.

b.) Bewertung der summierten Krafteinwirkung im Zeitintervall Δt Fig.6 Diagramm b:
Zyklischer Vergleich der an den Sensoren gemessenen Werte mit einem weiteren voreingestellten Grenzwert. Dieser Grenzwert stellt die maximal zulässige Impulsbelastung des Sportlers dar. Der wirkende Impuls wird als die Summe der eingeleiteten Kraft über ein Zeitintervall von der MCU errechnet. Bei Überschreiten des einstellbaren Impulsgrenzwertes B erfolgt die Auslösung der Bindung. Beispielsweise kann ein Folge einzelner Sensorwerte summiert werden. Das Ergebnis der Summation wird mit dem errechneten Auslösegrenzwert B verglichen.

c.) Bewertung der Differenzen der Krafteinwirkung im Zeitintervall Δt Fig.6 Diagramm c:
Zyklische Erfassung der an den Sensoren gemessenen Kraft bzw. Beschleunigung und die daraus errechnete Dynamik der eingeleiteten Kraft/Beschleunigung. Bei Überschreiten des einstellbaren Differenzengrenzwertes C erfolgt eine Auslösung der Bindung. Beispielsweise wird die Differenz zweier aufeinanderfolgender Messreihen, bestehend aus dem Mittelwert von je 5 Sensoreinzelmesswerten, errechnet. Übersteigt die Differenz den errechneten Grenzwert C erfolgt eine Auslösung der Bindung.

d.) Die Messwerte der Beschleunigungssensorik geben Aufschluss über die aktuelle Fahrsituation (Stehen, moderates Fahren, forciertes Fahren, Rennfahren). Diese Information dient zur Anpassung der Grenzwerte A, B und C. Beispielsweise löst die Bindung im Stand schon bei einer relativ geringen statischen Kraft F aus, wohingegen diese Kraft bei forcierter Fahrweise noch keine Auslösung zur Folge hat. Der nach DIN ISO 8061-4 bzw. -5 eingestellte maximale Grenzwert A wird durch die fahrsituationsabhängige Grenzwertanpassung nicht überschritten.

The electronic evaluation unit shown schematically in FIG. 7 cyclically detects the forces acting between the shoe and the binding in the form of electrical measurement signals. These are evaluated with regard to their dynamics with the aid of a micro controller unit (MCU) 24.

a.) Evaluation of the action of force Fig. 6 Diagram a:
Cyclical comparison of the values measured on the sensors with a preset limit. If the adjustable force limit value A is exceeded, the binding is released. For example, a single sensor value can be compared with the calculated trigger limit value A. This is the simplest case. However, signals from several sensors or several signals from one sensor or any combination thereof can also be used for evaluation.

b.) Evaluation of the total force in the time interval Δt Fig. 6 Diagram b:
Cyclical comparison of the values measured on the sensors with another preset limit value. This limit value represents the maximum permissible impulse load of the athlete. The acting impulse is calculated by the MCU as the sum of the applied force over a time interval. If the adjustable pulse limit B is exceeded, the binding is triggered. For example, a sequence of individual sensor values can be summed up. The result of the summation is compared with the calculated trigger limit B.

c.) Evaluation of the differences in force in the time interval Δt Fig. 6 Diagram c:
Cyclical recording of the force or acceleration measured at the sensors and the dynamics of the force / acceleration introduced from this. If the adjustable difference limit value C is exceeded, the binding is triggered. For example, the difference between two successive series of measurements, consisting of the mean value of 5 individual sensor measured values, is calculated. If the difference exceeds the calculated limit value C, the binding is triggered.

d.) The measured values of the acceleration sensors provide information about the current driving situation (standing, moderate driving, forced driving, racing). This information is used to adapt the limit values A, B and C. For example, the binding triggers at a relatively low static force F when stationary, whereas this force does not yet result in a forced driving style. The maximum limit value A set according to DIN ISO 8061-4 or -5 is not exceeded by the driving situation-dependent limit value adjustment.

If the limit value set is reached in cases a.) Or b.) Or in case c.) if an impermissibly high dynamic is detected, the binding is triggered.

The embodiment of the invention is not based on the examples of skiing or Snowboard bindings limited, but in a variety of modifications for the different types of security bindings possible.

Claims (16)

Safety binding with holding devices (8, 15) for connecting a person or a first object to another object, characterized by a detection unit for detecting the events and the safety bond which are caused by the person or by the first object and an evaluation unit for evaluating occurring events and at an existing connection between the person or the first object and the further object is broken due to an event which exceeds the preset or calculated limit values. Safety binding according to claim 1, characterized in that , the connection between the person or the first object and the further object is released by simultaneously triggering all holding devices (8, 15). Safety binding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that , The microcontroller unit MCU (24) records and evaluates the forces and accelerations caused by the person or by the first object and acting in the safety binding. Safety binding according to claim 3, characterized in that , the MCU controls the release of the holding devices. Safety binding according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the safety binding is a ski or snowboard binding, and that The coordination of the safety binding according to driver type classification DIN ISO 8061 Appendix A.2 is done by software. Safety binding according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that , the safety binding is a ski or snowboard binding, and that Tripping torques are set by software according to DIN ISO 8061 4-5. Safety binding according to one of claims 3 - 6, characterized in that there is at least one sensor (7 ''') for detecting the accelerations acting in the safety binding caused by the person or the first object. Safety binding according to claim 7, characterized in that the recorded acceleration values are used by the MCU for dynamic adjustment of the trigger limit values according to the driving situation. Safety binding according to one of claims 2 -8, characterized in that the energy required to trigger the holding device takes place in a mechanical device when the binding is ready for operation. Safety binding according to claim 9, characterized in that the energy is stored by pulling on a torsion bar (7, 7 '). Safety binding according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that , when the safety binding is ready for operation, the sleeves of the torsion bars (7, 7 ') are guided in a template (12) over the locking pin (2). Safety binding according to one of claims 9 - 11, characterized in that during the operating state, positive connections between the central block (1) and holding devices (8, 15) prevent a relative movement of the person to be held or the object to be held on the further object. Safety binding according to one of claims 1-10, characterized in that a front holding device (8) and a rear holding device (15) are present and the safety binding is opened by a longitudinal movement of the front and rear holding devices relative to the other object. Security tie group, characterized in that , two or more security bonds according to one of claims 1-13 are connected to one another via communication devices. Safety binding group according to claim 14, characterized in that , the connection between the person or the first object and the further object is released by simultaneously triggering selected holding devices of the two or more security bonds. Safety binding group according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that , the triggering of the selected holding devices takes place according to the time delay.

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