EP1349465A1

EP1349465A1 - Flight watch with multiple timers and alarms

Info

Publication number: EP1349465A1
Application number: EP00950698A
Authority: EP
Inventors: John Reisman
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-07-27
Filing date: 2000-07-27
Publication date: 2003-10-08
Also published as: EP1349465A4; AU2000263769A1; CA2416965A1

Abstract

A timepiece to be worn by pilots of aircraft which provides a means to alert the pilot of multiple sequenced event occurrences, in a failsafe manner, via multiple alarm means including visual (29-32), auditory (36), and tactile (37) ability. The six in-flight timers (61-65), accessible through buttons (1-4), allow the pilot comprehensive user programmable features in order to meet the needs of a given flight. The watch also provides instant access to Zulu time and all forty two zones around the world. The watch is designed to assist the pilot in his awareness of engine time, countdown run time, fuel tank switching time, final approach fix to missed approach point time, countdown to instrument flight rule minimums, time to fix, timed turns, holding patterm timing, and time to close flight plan.

Description

Patent Application of

Flight Watch with Multiple Timers and Alarms

(including Visual, Auditory & Tactile)

5

BacfcgroiindL— Ffclri of Tnvention

This invention relates to aviation alarm indicators, particularly to aviation alarm indicators worn by pilots.

0 Background — Description of Prior Art

Current flight tuning watches/devices are used to alert pilots of event occurrences. They typically provide an inadequate number of timers or ineffective means of relating the occurrence of an elapsed timed event. They are also gadget-like and provide more flash than ftmction on the wrist of a pilot, and in an aircraft cockpit. Most fl ght timing watches/devices perform at least one timing 5 ftmction. Some can perform up to three concurrent timing ftmctions. The pilot in accordance with the needs of the flight determines the application of the function. In-flight applications can include count up or countdown ftmctions for engine run time, time to switch fuel tanks, time to fix (navigational point in space determined by electronic radio means or dead reckoning), final approach fix (FAF) to missed approach point (MAP), countdown to instrument flight rule minimums, or o countdown to visual flight rule minimums

A flight timing watch/device includes handheld, stick-on, clip-on, or user-wearable watches/devices. Some of these watches/devices perform other non-timing related functions as indicated below.

Current flight timing watches/devices are designed to provide a means by which the pilot can 5 track tuning related in-flight needs. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approves of the use of most basic timing watches/devices in the cockpit, but recommends comprehensive attention to all available resources to ensure flight safety. Most of mis is accomplished in preflight planning. After that it is up to the pilot to remember to check the watch/device.

Current flight timing watches/devices include 1 to 3 timers mounted in a square plastic o encasement measuring approximately sixty by sixty-two millimeters. These watches/devices provide a means for the pilot to track various timing functions assignable at the discretion of the pilot regarding current need. These ftmctions are made aware to the pilot by audible or visible indications. These watches/devices include a liquid-crystal display (LCD) and an audio alarm to indicate elapsed time. 5 Current flight watches/devices provide the pilot wearer with many options, including timing functions, altimeter, barometer, thermometer, compass, rate of climb or descent, and vertical feet climbed during a flight. However, the FAA for use in the cockpit does not consider watches/devices that provide such information, other than timing ftmctions, reliable enough. This information is already available in the aircraft cockpit and is communicated to the pilot by FAA approved, installed, o and inspected equipment. Luckily I have not yet met a pilot that would look at an unapproved watch/device, rather than the approved, installed equipment in the aircraft.

Today's flight watches/devices rely solely on audio, and the display of information on an LCD to inform the pilot of the occurrence of a timed event. This communication from the watch/device must compete with distractions in the cockpit, including noises of the engine, 5 oncoming wind, headset attenuation, attention to the on-board control panels, operation of the aircraft, navigation, and communication. Often, in less advanced cockpits, flight watches/devices are rendered ineffective by their inability to compete with cockpit distractions.

Most watches/devices that claim to be flight watches/devices have little to do with anything regarding actual flight. Those watches/devices that are designed to be used in a cockpit, i.e. flight o timers, cannot be considered failsafe due to the limitations of their design.

A timing device known as the Vibralite made by Global Assistive Devices in Fort Lauderdale, Florida is a timing device that utilizes a silent alarm motor for tactile stimulation after an event occurrence. This was designed as an alarm mechanism for the hearing impaired. This watch uses a motor, which was developed by Nami in Japan. I had requested NamiM to develop a motor 5 that would work in a timepiece five years ago. They were supposed to inform me when it was finished and failed to do so.

A recent addition to the flight watch/device family is the Triple Sensor Watch, by Casio Corporation, which is a flight watch/device to be worn by the pilot of an aircraft. This watch/device provides the wearer with a digital compass, altimeter, barometer, thermometer, and stopwatch. o Other than the stopwatch, the FAA for use in flight recommends none of these ftmctions. These functions are made known to the wearer through audio and visual means via an LCD. In addition, these ftmctions require preprograrnming by the pilot and periodic monitoring by the pilot. One flight timing watch/device known as the Aviation Timer is a digital watch/device and two individual timers which indicate to the pilot the occurrence of a preprogrammed timed event by 5 an LCD and audio alarm. The audio alarm is activated at a one-minute countdown before the occurrence of the timed event. The aviation timer also includes a magnetic backing so that it can be affixed to a metal structure within the cockpit. Although advertised in an aviation supply catalog, this watch/device is not provided by an aviation company since pilots are not allowed to place a magnet in an aircraft cockpit without an FAA-approved inspection and recalculation of magnetic 0 deviation in the cockpit. The two timers are inadequate for most flights. This watch/device rehes on its audio to inform the pilot of the occurrence of the timed event. However, audio alarms have proven inadequate for reliable use in general aviation aircraft.

A flight timing watch device known as the Digital Timer includes a timer that may be programmed for a timed event of 1 second to 99 minutes. The timer gives off an audio alarm at the 5 one-minute warning and again at the occurrence of the preprogrammed timed event. The timer includes a warning that the audio alarm may be ineffective in noisy airplanes.

A flight timing watch/device known as the Vertech Pilot Iristrument includes a flight watch/device that indicates to the pilot in-flight information, including flying altitude, rate of climb or descent, vertical feet climbed during a flight, and barometer readings. Preprogrammed timed o events are indicated to the pilot by means of an audio or display alarm. This watch/device was originally designed to be utilized in hang gliders and sailplanes, not in general aviation aircraft. The information provided by such watches/devices as this is not FAA approved for use in a general aviation or commercial aircraft.

A flight tirning watch/device known as the Quartz Aircraft Clock is a watch/device that is 5 mounted into the instrument panel of the aircraft. This timing watch/device uses only its LCD to relay information to the pilot.

A flight timing watch/device known as the Astrotech Digital Quartz Chronometer is a three- button chronometer that may be wired into the electrical system of the aircraft for visual display purposes. The chronometer visually indicates to the pilot on an LCD the occurrence of a o preprogrammed timed event.

U.S. Patent 5,361,241 to Ferrara et al., Nov. 1, 1994, discloses a wristwatch that alerts the wearer by vibrations to the watchband after a timed event occurs. The overall design of this device is inadequate for practical use as a flight watch/device. U.S. Patent 5,365,497 to Born, Nov. 15 1994, discloses a time reliance motor that vibrates 95 after a timed event occurs. This device has a silent alarm capabihty in response to an event.

Although patented four years ago this device has not made it into production as yet. I assume because it has to high a voltage drain for a timepiece.

U.S. Patent 5,233,572 to McCarty, Jr., Aug. 3, 1993, discloses a wrist device which provides the wearer with a succession of vibration prompts in response to a predetennined happening. The loo device also requires input by the wearer in response to the prompts. This device is designed to prompt a wearer for the purpose of behavioral reinforcement. It has nothing to do with flying an aircraft.

U.S. Patent 4,290,128 to Estabrook, Apr.4 1980, and U.S. Patent 3,631,452 to Richard, Dec.

28, 1971, discloses a work-scheduling device for indicating when different work projects are ready to 105 be performed. This device has mwtiple-time-fracking capabihty and operates much like a lap timer.

There is no silent alarm capabihty.

U.S. Patent 3,820,105 to Assmus et al., June 25, 1974, discloses a simple electronic signaling device. This device is designed to work in analog clocks. It is not designed to be used in flight and is not practical for use in flight. no U.S. Patent 4,236,375 to Komaki, Dec. 2, 1980 discloses an electronic watch that can also communicate in Morse Code. This device contains three timer circuits; one time, one chronograph and one time elapsed. It uses only an audio signal to alert the wearer of the occurrence of a timed event and is not capable of practical use as a flight watch/device.

U.S. Patent 4,731,603 to McRae et al. Mar. 15, 1988 discloses a tactile alarm system for 115 gaining the attention on an individual without use of sound or hght. It particularly relates to a system for gaining the attention on an individual who for gaining the attention on an individual who for medical or other reasons is unable to hear. The present invention further relates to a system wherein the individual whose attention is to be gained need not have to see. It has no direct relation to aviation. 12 o U.S. Patent 5,282,181 to Entner et al. Jan.25, 1994 discloses a silent alarm timepiece to be worn on the person which provides a silent mechanism alarm in the for of tactile stimulus to the wearer when the chosen alarm time is reached. To my knowledge this device has still not been manufactured. I assume because it has to high a voltage drain for a timepiece. Many of the above-described devices have aspects of the design that I have created. None of 125 them have any practical use in flight beyond very basic timing functions. My flight watch/device is specifically designed to meet explicit in-flight needs and customizable to the needs of a particular flight. No other timepiece has been designed to fulfil the multiple and changing needs of the general aviation pilot.

130 Objects and Advantages

Accordingly several objects and advantages of the present invention are:

(a) to provide an improved flight watch/device for use by pilots that provides immediate and convenient access to pertinent in-flight safety related data including fuel management, navigation, position awareness, and compliance with FAA regulations by user programmable synchronous or

135 unsynchronized timing capabilities;

(b) to provide a sufficient number of timers and alarms, including audio, visual, and tactile, to address in flight needs without abandoning a timing function due to a lack of timers;

(c) to provide a simple and adequate method to increase the safety of flight by virtue of comprehensive time tracking ability, and alarm methods, alerting the pilot of an aircraft of the

140 occurrence of time critical events in a prioritized sequence, as determined by the pilot, and the needs of the flight;

(d) to provide a flight timing watch/device that addressees only flight timing needs for cockpit resource management information gathering, thus reducing anxiety and increasing flight safety by increasing the integrity of timing related knowledge;

1 5 (e) to provide a way to differentiate between timer and clock alarms by frequency, i.e. slow clock alarms, fast timer alarms; and number of alerts, i.e. Timer One beeps once & LED flashes once, Timer Two beeps twice and LED flashes twice, et cetera.

(f) to provide a flight timer that alerts the pilot of the obligation to close the flight plan thus reducing the frequency of false alarms and preventing commencement of search and rescue; 150 (g) to provide a flight timer that gives instant access to Zulu time, all available alpha-code aviation time zones, as well as 1/2 hour, 15 minute, and deviations from the alpha standard;

(h) to provide the ability to set alarms in other time zones for pilots that frequently change time zones, as well as lock out changes in accordance with regional time zone requirements and provide a simple method of changing the home time zone for setting alarms in other time zones, and

155 instant access five time zones;

Further objects and advantages include providing a more advanced ability in a flight timing device to ensure pilot awareness of event occurrences, and increase flight safety. With proper use, this flight watcli/device will greatly reduce the likelihood of fuel exhaustion accidents. Still further objects and advantages will become apparent from the ensuing description and accompanying

160 drawings.

Brief Ttøscripfinn of Drawings

Fig. 1 depicts the face of an instant flight watch/device in accordance with the invention.

Fig.2 depicts the mounting of a tactile alarm and a tone emitter alarm within an encasement 165 of the instant flight watch/device shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 depicts the liquid crystal display while the instant flight watch/device shown in Fig. 1. is in timer mode.

Fig.4 depicts the liquid crystal display while the instant flight watch/device shown in Fig. 1. is in clock mode. 170 Fig. 5 depicts signal flow and software modules, which regulate the activity within the integrated circuit of the instant flight watch/device shown in Fig. 1., as directed by user input.

Fig. 6 depicts an integrated circuit and its connectivity to the user interface components, a battery, a charged capacitor, a low battery software component, and a master clock oscillator.

175 Reference Numerals in Drawings

Fig. l

BUTTON TIMER MODE CLOCK MODE

1 Timer 1 & 2 to Display Clock 1 Zone/Date to Display

2 Timer 3 to Display Clock 2 Zone/Date to Display

180 3 3 T Tiimmeerr 44 ttoo D Diissppllaayy Clock 3 Zone/Date to Display

4 Timer 5 & 6 to Display Clock 4 Zone Date to Display

5 Timer/Clock Toggle Timer/Clock Toggle

6 Memory Recall 12/24 Clock Display Toggle

7 Timer Increment Alarms Test Pulse LED's/Tone 9 Timer Decrement Time Zone Scroll Menu

10 Tone Alarm On/Off Tone Alarm On/Off

11 Pulse Alarm On/Off Pulse Alarm On/Off

12 Hour Month

13 Minute Day

14 Second Year

15 Timer Start Stop Clock Start

16 Timer Reset Clock Reset

17 Zulu Hot Key Zulu Hot Key

18 Beep Tone Alarm Beep Tone Alarm

19 LCD DISPLAY LCD DISPLAY

21 AM PM Indicator AM PM Indicator

22 Beep Tone On/Off Display Beep Tone On/Off Display

23 Pulse On Off Indicator Pulse On/Off Indicator

24 Timer one start connect Time Zone Lock-Out Changes

26 Timer/Clock Select and Timer/Clock Select and

Mode Indicator Mode Indicator

28 Timer Numerals Display Clock/Date Numerals Display

29 A LED for Timer 1 Alarm A LED for Clock 1 Alarm

30 A LED for Timer 2 Alarm A LED for Clock 2 Alarm

31 A LED for Timer 3 Alarm A LED for Clock 3 Alarm

32 A LED for Timer 4 Alarm A LED for Clock 4 Alarm

33 Encasement

34 360 degree Bezel

Fig.2

36 Tone Emitter - beep tone alarm

37 Motor - pulse alarm

Fig.3 Liquid crystal display in timer mode of instant flight watch/device shown in Fig. 1. Fig.4 Liquid crystal display in clock mode of instant flight watch/device shown in Fig. 1. Fig.5 Integrated Circuit Software and Connections Buttons 1-17 - surface buttons (see Fig. 1) Timer one software module Timer two software module Timer three software module Timer four software module Timer five software module Timer six software module (close flight plan alarm) Clock one software module Clock two software module Clock three software module Clock four software module Clock five software module LED - hght emitting diode alarm LED - hght emitting diode alarm LED - hght emitting diode alarm LED - hght emitting diode alarm Tone emitter-beep tone alarm Display bus -information window Motor - pulse alarm Master clock - crystal oscillator Battery Timer Increment Timer Decrement 12/24 Display Toggle Timer Comply Hit/Hold (depress or hold button) Timer one Start/Stop Connect to timer two, three, four run Time Zone Disconnect Time Zone Scroll and Assign Alarms Test Circuit Alarm Clock and Date Set Calendar Alarms Distribution 98 Time Release On/Off and Stop Fig.6 Microprocessor/Integrated Circuit

99 Battery

250 100 Charged Capacitor

101 Timer/clock 1 and 2 circuit connection to button 1 (see Fig. 1)

102 Timer/clock 3 circuit connection to button 2 (see Fig. 1)

103 Timer/clock 4 circuit connection to button 3 (see Fig. 1)

104 Timer/clock 5 and 6 circuit connection to button 4 (see Fig. 1) 255 105 Timer/Clock Toggle circuit connection to button 5 (see Fig. 1)

106 Timer memory recall and 12/24 display circuit connection to button 6 (see Fig. 1)

107 Timer increment alarms test circuit connection to button 7 (see Fig. 1)

109 Timer decrement time zone menu scroll circuit connection to button 9 (see Fig. 1)

110 Beep tone alarm on/off circuit connection to button 10 (see Fig. 1) 60 HI Pulse alarm on/off circuit connection to button 11 (see Fig. 1)

112 Hour/month scroll circuit connection to button 12 (see Fig. 1)

113 Minute/day scroll circuit connection to button 13 (see Fig. 1)

114 Secondyear scroll circuit connection to button 14 (see Fig. 1)

115 Start/Stop and clock start circuit connection to button 15 (see Fig. 1) 265 116 Timer Reset and clock reset circuit connection to button 16 (see Fig. 1)

117 Zulu hot key circuit connection to button 17 (see Fig. 1)

118 Battery Low sensor circuit connection to display bus 122 (see Fig. 1)

119 Master Clock Oscillator

120 Circuit connection to pulse motor 270 121 Circuit connection to tone emitter

122 Ch'cuit connections to display bus LCD 19 (see Fig. 1)

123 Circuit connection to LED timer/clocks associated with button 1 (see Fig. 1)

124 Circuit connection to LED timer/clocks associated with button 2 (see Fig. 1)

125 Circuit connection to LED timer/clocks associated with button 3 (see Fig. 1) 275 126 Cir iit connection to LED timer/clocks associated with button 4 (see Fig. 1)

127 Circuit connection to ground state All of these descriptions within the Figures are further explained in the description and operations sections of this document. All aspects of this design are easily translated into current 280 watch manufacturing technology.

DFSCKTPTT N T 1— Overall Surface T aynπt and Functions FIG. l

Fig. 1 shows an instant flight watch/device in accordance with the invention. The flight 285 clock has side buttons 1-7 and 9 and face buttons 10-17 which control the internal timer and clock functions of the flight watch device; LED indicators 29-32 for the emission of hght in response to the occurrence of a preprogrammed event; and an information window 19 which includes information indicators 21-26 and 28.

The following buttons provide the following respective functions: 290 A first timer is controlled by button 1 and is used as a count-up timer for engine run time.

A second timer is controlled by button 1 and is used as a count-up timer for time to fix, timed turns or holding pattern tuning, depending on the needs of the flight.

A third timer is controlled by button 2 and is used to time fuel tank switching, time to fix, timed turns or holding pattern timing, depending on the needs of the flight. 295 A forth timer is controlled by button 3. It is used to time flight between two radio navigation points in space. They are the final approach fix, and the missed approach point. This timing procedure is used to land an aircraft without visual reference to the ground. Button 3 can also used for time to fix, timed turns or holding pattern timing as the needs of the flight dictate.

A fifth timer is controlled by button 4 and is used to countdown to visual flight 300 rules/instrument flight rules minimums, including fuel on board and consumption rate which dictates total flight time available, and personal safety margins.

A sixth timer is engaged automatically in association with timer five, when timer five is attached to timer one start. This is the close flight plan alarm circuit 65. This circuit will issue its alarm based on the start time in association with a timer one start whether or not timer five is stopped 305 during operation. Only the engine run timer, timer one, can pause the timer six countdown.

A clock timer toggle is controlled by button 5 and is used to change the display and ftmction of the flight watch device. In clock mode the buttons and display service clock functions. In timer mode the buttons and display service timer functions. In timer mode button 6 is used in conjunction with buttons 1-4 to enable the timer memory 310 recall ftmction. In the clock mode button 7 enables the change of clock time display between 12- hour and 24-hour formats.

In the timer mode a button 7 is used to increment timers 1-4 while in timer mode by manipulation of button 7. In clock mode button 7 may be used to test the alarms, pulse, LED's, and tone emitter. 315 While in timer mode button 9 is used to decrement the selected hours, minutes, and seconds of the timers. While in clock mode, time zones may be scrolled for assignment to clock buttons by buttons 1, 2, 3, and 4.

A button 10 is used for activation or deactivation of an internal audio alarm 36 indicated on or off by the display of the audio alarm symbol 22. 320 A button 11 is used for activation or deactivation of an internal pulse alarm 37 indicated on or off by the display of the pulse alarm symbol 23.

In timer mode, button 12 is used for selecting, and incrementing hours, and enabling increment button 7 and decrement button 9. In date set mode, button 12 is used for setting the month, and also enables enabling increment button 7 and decrement button 9. 325 A button 13, in timer mode, is used for selecting, and incrementing minutes, and enabling increment button 7 and decrement button 9. In date set mode, button 13 is used for setting the day, and also enables enabling increment button 7 and decrement button 9.

A button 14, in timer mode, is used for selecting, and incrementing seconds, and enabling the increment button 7 and decrement button 9. In date set mode, button 14 is used for setting the year, 330 and also enables enabling increment button 7 and decrement button 9.

Buttons 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 9 may be used in conjunction with surface buttons 12, 13, and 14, which activate hour, minute, and second clock functions, respectively. In addition, all the buttons may be used in conjunction with surface buttons 15, 16, and 17 which may be used to control start/stop, reset, and Zulu hot key functions, respectively. 335 A button 15 is used for starting and stopping each selected internal timer.

A reset button 16 is used for resetting any of the timer and clock functions to a zero state.

A Zulu hot key 17 is used to display the current Zulu time. Zulu time is the time in Greenwich, England. Zulu time is also known as Greenwich Mean, or Meridian, Time (GMT) or Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Aviation uses the term Zulu, the phonetic term for the letter 340 assigned to the last time zone of the 26 existing time zones, as defined by the military Defense Mapping Agency. Zulu is the standard reference time by which pilots, when filing a flight plan, report to Flight Watch, and Flight Service, both services of the FAA. INFORMATION DISPLAY SECTION (Liquid Crystal Display)

The display of the instant flight watch/device mode and functions comprises an information

345 window 19 centrally located on the face of the flight watch/device. The information window comprises a plurality of symbols, which when iUuminated, indicate the status of each individual operation of the function of the flight timers.

In clock mode the selected one of five internal clocks is indicated by the letter "C" followed by a number at position 26 in the information display window which corresponds to the selected

350 clock. In the timer mode the selected one of six internal timers is indicated by the letter "T" followed by a number at position 26 in the information display window which corresponds to the selected timer.

When the internal pulse motor is on and ready to give off a pulse upon the occurrence of elapsed timers or clock alarms, pulse on/off indicator 23 is iUuminated.

355 When an audio alarm is on and ready to emit an audio beep tone upon the occurrence of elapsed timers or clock alarms, audio alarm on/off indicator 22 is uminated.

AM/PM indicator 21, shown in the information window 19 indicates the AM/PM distinction. The hours, minutes and seconds of selected timers and clocks are displayed in the timer/clock numerals at position 28, in the form of six digital numerals.

360 The flight watch/device is used for two distinct functions. In timer mode it is designed to service in flight timing needs which are flight and pilot dependent. In clock mode it is designed to assist the use in identifying time zones and setting alarms in those time zones. As complex as it may seem the actual operation is very simple. The functions are arrayed in such a way as to be self- explanatory. A typical in-flight use would include, during preflight, data entry for IFR or VFR

365 minimums, the first time to fix, or the first time to switch fuel tanks, and the FAF to MAP. Timer 1 is used for engine run time and is started at engine start. Timer six is automatically started in association with timer five when timer five is connected to timer one start.

The clock features may be used for keeping track of time zones frequently traveled between, or appointment setting for businessmen that work nationally, or internationally.

370 DESCRIPTION FIG.2— Watch Face with Cutaways

Fig. 2 shows the instant flight clock face with cutaways to reveal the foUowingkey internal components: audio alarm indicators 36; and tactile alarm 37.

An alarm 36 is a tone emitter, which provides a beep tone in response to elapsed timers 1-6 375 and clock alarms 1-4.

An alarm 37 is a motor, which provides a pulse vibration in response to elapsed timers 1-6 and clock alarms 1-4.

DESCRIPTION FIG.3— LCD in Timer Mode

380 Fig. 3 is a depiction of the visible elements of the liquid crystal display of the flight watch device in timer mode.

DESCRIPTION FIG.4— LCD in Clock Mode

Fig. 4 is a depiction of the visible elements of the liquid crystal display of the flight watch 385 device in clock mode.

DESCRIPTION FIG.5— Signal Flow and Software Components

Fig. 5 displays buttons 1-17, which are synonymous with those depicted in Figure 1. Also displayed is the signal flow diagram for the integrated circuit. This signal flow diagram depicts the 390 various software components of the program. These sections interact to form the entirety of the circuit, which controls the various functions of the flight watch/device.

A timer circuit 60, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that runs as a count up or count down timer. Timer counter one may be used as an engine run timer.

A timer circuit 61, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that runs as a 395 count up or count down timer. Timer counter one may be used for time to fix, fuel tank switching, timed turns, or holding pattern timing.

A timer circuit 62, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that runs as a count up or count down timer. Timer counter one may be used for time to fix, fuel tank switching, timed turns, or holding pattern timing. 400 A timer circuit 63, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that runs as a count up or count down timer. Timer counter one may be used for final approach fix to missed approach point, time to fix, fuel tank switching, timed turns, or holding pattern timing.

A timer circuit 64, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that runs as a count up or count down timer. Timer counter one may be used for countdown to instrument flight 405 rule, or visual flight rule minimums.

A timer circuit 65, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that runs in conjunction with timer five in order to alert the user of the obligation to close the flight plan 15 minutes after the VFR/IFR minimums have been reached. If the alarm is not fUUy acknowledged it wiU repeat again 30, and again 45 minutes after the VFR/IFR minimums have been reached. To 4io acknowledge the initial alarm hit the start/stop button 15 or the reset button 16 once. To disable the second occurrence of the alarm, whfle timer five is selected, press and hold reset for one half of a second. This wiU clear the alarm occurrence memory. This circuit wiU issue its alarm based on the start time in association with a timer one start whether or not the timer five is stopped during operation. It wiU only clear in accordance with the above parameters or by tting reset 16 twice 415 while timer five, button 4, is selected.

A clock circuit 70, written in software vrithin the master integrated circuit, that can have any one of 42 time zones assigned to it for hot key access.

A clock circuit 71, written in software wilhin the master integrated circuit, that can have any one of 42 time zones assigned to it for hot key access. 420 A clock circuit 72, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that can have any one of 42 time zones assigned to it for hot key access.

A clock circuit 73, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that can have any one of 42 time zones assigned to it for hot key access.

A clock circuit 74, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that aUows the 425 user to access Zulu time, otherwise known as Greenwich Mean Time, or Universal Time Coordinated by pressing button 17 (see Fig. 1).

An input bus circuit 83, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that monitors the master osciUator crystal to drive the timers, clocks, and calendars.

A timer increment circuit 87, written in software within the master integrated circuit, utilized 430 in conjunction with button 7, increments the user-selected numerals for hours, minutes, and seconds, as desired. For example, if the user were setting a countdown timer, the user could select hour, minute, or second, and increment each individuaUy. This also works for setting the main clock, and the date.

A timer decrement circuit 88, written in software within the master integrated circuit, utilized 35 in conjunction with button 9, decrements the user selected numerals for hours, minutes, and seconds, as desired. For example, if the user were setting a countdown timer, the user could select hour, minute, or second, and decrement each individuaUy. This also works for setting the main clock, and the date.

A circuit 89, written in software within the master integrated circuit, controls the display of 40 the time in 12-hour, or 24-hour formats.

A circuit 90, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that enables the use of double and triple hits, as weU as button hold time to perform functions within the Flight Watch device.

A circuit 91, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that controls the timer 445 one start stop of timers 2-3. This is the double-bit circuit. By depressing any ofthe timer buttons 2,

3, and 4 in rapid succession, two times, the pflot may connect or disconnect that individual timing circuit from the timer one start. The status of timer one connect, displays in the status section ofthe information window shown in Fig. 1, position 24. For example, in the course of normal operation, the pflot may choose to have all four timers start at engine start. As in when timer one is selected, 450 and start 15 is depressed. Likewise, depending on the need of that flight, the pilot may elect to disconnect certain timers from timer one start.

A circuit 92, that written in software within the master integrated circuit, which controls the ability to lockout changes pertaining to regional time zone requirements. This circuit works in conjunction with the triple-hit circuit 34 by double hit manipulation of buttons 1-4 while in clock 55 mode. The status ofthe status ofthe time zone lockout changes displays in the status section ofthe information window shown in Fig. 1, position 24 while in clock mode.

A circuit 93, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that enables the time zone menu and time zone scroll ability in order to pick and choose desired time zones to be accessed by buttons 1-4 (see Fig. 1) while in clock mode. 60 A circuit 94, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that enables the testing ofthe alarms to verify working status by manipulation of button 7 in clock mode. A circuit 95, written in software within the master integrated circuit, which enables the setting ofthe alarm, clocks, and date.

A circuit 96, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that contains 465 prograniming for the calendar from incept date into the future.

A circuit 97, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that controls the acceptance of instruction to engage alarms and distributes the proper response to the correct alarm including available combinations of alarms 29-32, and 36-37.

A circuit 98, written in software within the master integrated circuit, that disables the 470 possibflity of inadvertent changes on critical running timers including the starting and stopping of timers 1-4, the tone alarm on/off button 10, and the pulse alarm on/off button 11.

The clock may be affixed by a metal band, cloth straps, or a contact adhesion material (not shown).

The visual alarm ofthe clock may include rapid flashing when a timer alarm expires and 475 slow flashing when a clock alarm expires.

The visual alarms may include a number of flashes that coincide with the timer, or clock, with which it is associated, i.e. 1-6 flashes.

The audio alarms may include a number of beeps that coincide with the timer, or clock, with which it is associated, i.e. 1-4 beeps. 480 The audio alarm may provide a rapid emitting beep tone when timer alarm expires and a slow emitting beep tone when a clock alarm expires.

Fig. 6 Integrated Circuit/microprocessor

A battery 99 to power the microprocessor/integrated circuit, information display, LED's, 85 pulse and tone alarms.

A charged capacitor 100 to keep flight watch device circuitry charged during battery change.

101 Timer/clock 1 and 2 circuit connection to button 1 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

102 Timer/clock 3 circuit connection to button 2 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to 490 microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

103 Timer/clock 4 circuit connection to button 3 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays. 104 Timer/clock 5 and 6 circuit connection to button 4 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays. 95 105 Timer/Clock Toggle circuit connection to button 5 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

106 Timer memory recaU and 12/24 display circuit connection to button 6 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

107 Timer increment/alarms test circuit connection to button 7 (see Fig. 1) to interface 500 user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

109 Timer decrement/time zone menu scroU circuit connection to button 9 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

110 Beep tone alarm on/off circuit connection to button 10 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

50& HI Pulse alarm on/off circuit connection to button 11 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

112 Hour/month scroU circuit connection to button 12 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

113 Minute/day scroll circuit connection to button 13 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to 5io microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

114 Second/year scroU circuit connection to button 14 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

115 Start/Stop and clock start circuit connection to button 15 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

515 116 Timer Reset and clock reset circuit connection to button 16 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

117 Zulu hot key circuit connection to button 17 (see Fig. 1) to interface user to microprocessor, and microprocessor to alarms/displays.

118 Battery Low sensor circuit connection to display bus 122 (see Fig. 1) to warn user when 520 battery needs to be changed.

119 Master Clock OsciUator is a reference for aU timer and clock software modules to drive time increments for counting time.

120 Circuit connection to pulse motor to microprocessor to alarm pulse. 121 Circuit connection to tone emitter to interface microprocessor to alarm tone. 525 122 Circuit connections to display bus LCD 19 (see Fig. 1) to interface microprocessor to display.

123 Circuit connection to LED timer/clocks associated with button 1 (see Fig. 1) to interface microprocessor to LED alarm.

124 Circuit connection to LED timer/clocks associated with button 2 (see Fig. 1) to interface 530 microprocessor to LED alarm.

125 Circuit connection to LED timer/clocks associated with button 3 (see Fig. 1) to interface microprocessor to LED alarm.

126 Circuit connection to LED timer/clocks associated with button 4 (see Fig. 1) to interface microprocessor to LED alarm.

535 127 Circuit connection to ground state.

Operation of Flight Watch— (See Fig 1 )

User friendly design ofthe watch/device aUows the pilot convenient access to critical functions. Four timer/clock buttons 1-4 placed around the perimeter ofthe watch/device are 540 IogicaUy arranged and clearly marked. Each timer/clock has its own colored LED that flashes when a timed event occurrence expires, aUowing quick identification ofthe timer/clock and event. A rapid emitting ofthe indicators signifies timer events, while clock events are signified by a slow emitting ofthe indicators. The beep tone alarm will beep a number of times with regard the timer it is associated with, i.e. two rapid beeps for timer two, three rapid beeps for timer 3, et cetera. 545 Beeping is successively repeated until acknowledged.

AU timers, when counting down to zero, pass through the zero mark and proceed counting in the negative time direction, thereby providing the wearer with the time duration passed since the zero mark had occurred.

Flight Timer Functions: During pre-fhght, the pilot calculates flight duration, fuel on board, 550 and fuel consumption. Then the pflot enters the appropriate data into the flight timer as follows:

The pflot should test the alarms by Mtting, in clock mode, button 7. This wiU flash aU LED's, emit audio, and activate the motor to verify operational integrity.

The pflot may choose to mount the flight watch/device on the yoke, which is the mechanism connected to the ailerons and elevators ofthe aircraft (like a steering wheel). When doing so, the 555 pflot should verify that the tactile alarm is not engaged by checking that indicator 23 is not visible, indicating that the motor is disengaged. This is to save the battery. If engaged, the motor can be disengaged by bitting button 11 for one-fuU second.

When the watch/device is worn on the wrist the pilot should verify that the tactile alarm is engaged by checking that indicator 23 is visible, indicating motor engaged. If disengaged the motor 560 can be engaged by bitting button 11 for one-full second.

If asked to shut down while waiting for tower clearance, the pilot wfll select timer 1, and then press stop 15. AU timers connected to the timer one start/stop, wfll stop counting until start is pressed again, while timer one is selected.

Memory RecaU: If the pflot wishes to reset an elapsed alarm to the previously programmed 565 count? The pilot will stop the timer and depress memory recaU button 6. The previously entered time wfll recaU to the information window, indicating it is ready to be started.

To activate iUumination of information window 20, during night flight, press and hold any of the timer/clock buttons 1-4 for one full second. This will cause (for the next six hours), the backlight to iUuininate, for five seconds, whenever a button is depressed. Depress again to deactivate. 5 0 The most reliable manner to use the watch is for the pilot to wear it on the wrist while having the tactile alarm engaged. This is the most failsafe method to ensure pilot awareness of timed event occurrences.

Button 5 toggles between timer mode & clock mode.

575 Timer Mode Instructions:

During flight planning use Hour 12, Minute 13, Second 14, and +/- buttons to set timers. Timers can be set in accordance with in flight needs and personal preferences. The Flight Watch can handle tracking six events at a time. The Flight Watch timers can be used for: engine run time (flight duration); time to fix; timed turned; holding pattern timing; fuel tank switching; final

580 approach fix to missed approach point; countdown to visual or instrument flight rule minimums, close flight plan alarm. To iUuminate the information window press and hold any ofthe timer/clock buttons 1-4 for one full second, until beep is heard. This will enable a six-hour countdown timer that allows the backlight to come on for five seconds every time any ofthe perimeter or surface buttons are pressed. To test alarms go to clock mode by pressing button 5.

585 Then press button 7. This wiU momentarily flash all LED' s, beep, and pulse the watch to verify that all desired functions are on. If beep or pulse does not occur check to see if they are on by referring to symbols 22 and 23. If symbol is not visible press related buttons 10 and/or 11 to engage desired alarms.

Button One: Timer One and Timer Two 1 590 Button Two: Timer Three 2

Button Three: Timer Four 3

Button Four: Timer Five and Six 4

Timer One: Press Button 1, once. Reset to zero if necessary. Leave on zero for count up engine run time. 595 Timer Two: Press Button 1, two times. Set Hour/Minute/Second for countdown.

Timer Three: Press Button 2, one time. Set Hour/Minute/Second for countdown.

Timer Four: Press Button 3, one time. Set Hour/Minute/Second for countdown.

Timer Five: Press Button 4, one time. Set Hour/Minute/Second for countdown.

Timer Six: Auto function of Timer Five. Will Flash CFP (close flight plan) every fifteen 60 o minutes after the timer five reaches zero. Acknowledge by tting Button 4 once, or disable alarm by hitting Button 4 three times. A timer can be connected or disconnected from Timer One start by depressing its associated button three times. Note: if a timer is at zero state and connected to Timer One start it will begin counting up. If in flight and you want to change any such timer, select the timer, make 605 sure it is disconnected from timer one start, and then hit stop.

Safety Features:

A running timer is locked out from changes, i.e. changes can only be performed if a timer is stopped and not connected to Timer One while timer one is nuining. If a pilot wishes to 6io change a running timer that is connected to Timer One, he must select that timer, and stop it manually. As an added safety measure timers can only be changed within five seconds of button depression.

Flight Watch in the Cockpit:

At engine start, hit Timer One button 1 once, and then hit Start 15.

615

Clock Mode Instructions The user has access to 42 time zones. Five time zones can be made available for instant access, i.e. hot key, by assigning desired time zones to buttons 1-4. The fifth time zone is always Zulu/GMT time, and is accessible by depressing button 17.

620 Button 1 : User assignable home time zone one Button 2: User assignable time zone two Button 3: User assignable time zone three Button 4: User assignable time zone four Button 17: Greenwich Mean Time/Zulu

625 Keep in mind that setting any clock sets aU clocks. Depress button 9 and scroll through time zones. Time zones will appear in alpha section 25 ofthe LCD 19. Press desired button and hold until beep is heard. Then press that button again two times to enter time set mode. The word "time" will appear in the alpha section. Set hour, minute, second. While in time set mode, increment and decrement buttons 7 and 9 wiU function as long as you see the word "time" in the

630 alpha window. Use toggle 5 while in set mode to toggle AM/PM. Depress that clock button again to engage timer. All clocks are now set.

To set date, press selected clock three times to enter date set mode. The word "date" will appear in the alpha section ofthe LCD 25. Set month, day, year using the hour, minute, second buttons respectively. While in date set mode, increment and decrement buttons 7 and 9 wiU

635 function as long as you see the word "date" in the alpha window. Depress the associated button you are working with again. AU dates, for all time zones are now set. Flight Watch is Y2K comphant. To ensure you are setting the date in the correct century look at the oval symbol in the LCD 24. It will appear in date set mode. If no quadrants are dark you are in the 1900' s. If one quadrant is dark you are in 2000' s. Three quadrants, 2100's, et cetera.

640 To set an alarm in a specific time zone that is assigned to a hot key. Depress that hot key two times. Set hour, minute, second. Press that button again to engage. The alarm will ring in the home time zone.

To enable an alarm to ring in its own time zone instead ofthe home time zone. Depress that hot key two times. Set hour, minute, second. Depress selected clock button and hold until

645 beep is heard. This is a one-time event. To set alarms directly from the time zone menu: Scroll through time zones until you reach your desired time zone, then, hit either alarm buttons 10-11. Set hours, minutes, and seconds. Use toggle 5 while in set mode to toggle AM/PM.

Triple hitting any time zone other than the home time zone will automaticaUy swap that 650 button/time zone with the home time zone.

Note: Any time the reset button 16 is pressed while in time, date, or alarm set modes, numerals will reset to zero state. All modes will reset to default within five seconds of inactivity. To illuminate the information window press and hold any ofthe timer/clock buttons 1-4 for one fuU second until beep is heard. This will enable a six-hour countdown timer that allows the 655 backhght to come on for five seconds every time any ofthe perimeter or surface buttons are pressed. The beep tone alarm will beep a number of times with regard the clock it is associated with, i.e. two slow beeps for clock alarm two, three slow beeps for clock alarm three, et cetera. Beeping is successively repeated until acknowledged.

660 Summary of Advantages

Accordingly the reader wfll see that the flight watch/device described provides significant advantages over prior art watches/devices and timepieces. This includes advantages in safety, function, and fashion, which combine to produce an ergonomicaUy advanced in-flight watch/device.

> This flight watch/device provides a failsafe method and apparatus for indicating critical timed 665 event occurrences by eliminating the need for additional pilot attention and monitoring of preprogrammed timed events.

> This flight watch/device also provides a method and apparatus for the elimination of ineffective audio and visual indications ofthe preprogrammed timed occurrence.

> The watch/device provides these and other features in a flight watch/device that sends a vibration 670 to the wrist ofthe wearer upon the occurrence of a preprogrammed timed event. The vibration alerts the pilot as to a timed occurrence without distracting the pilot from the general operation ofthe aircraft.

> The watch/device eliminates the necessity ofthe audio signal. This aUows the watch/device to operate effectively in noisy and other sensory depriving conditions by utilizing an indicating

675 means that requires no pilot attention, after the initial preprogramming, that a timed event occurrence has transpired. > The flight watch/device is compact and is worn on the wrist in the same fashion as basic watches.

> This watcb/device is designed to provide timing information to the pilot that relates to timing considerations for fuel, en-route navigation, instrument flight, and compliance with FAA regulations, and includes the ability for the pilot to adapt its use to the changing needs of each individual flight.

> The watch/device also provides a method by which the pilot can rapidly identify specific elapsed timers by color coded LED's. The watch/device also provides a method by which the pilot can rapidly identify specific elapsed timers by the number of beeps in repeated succession.

> This watch/device also provides a method of reminding a pilot of his obligation to contact Flight Service to cancel the flight plan associated with the given flight, in order to prevent Search and Rescue operations from commencing. ^• The flight watch/device I have described successfully addresses the timing needs ofthe general aviation pilot and relates the pertinent timing information which it tracks, to the pilot of an aircraft in flight, in a manner that is considerably more failsafe than any ofthe watches/devices which have preceded it.

> The flight watch device is an economical solution for general aviation pilots who can not afford the instaUation ofthe much more expensive fuel flow tracking systems used in commercial aircraft. This invention has been designed to reduce the number of general aviation accidents caused by fuel exhaustion; provide a safe and reliable method by which the pilot is informed of important and essential event occurrences in the aircraft. All in aU, it is a unique and beneficial watch/device that wfll save hves, reduce property damage, and save money for the government, insurance companies, and pilots.

Ramifications and Scope

While operation of this flight watch device has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternative, modifications and variations wfll be apparent to those skflled in the art. Accordingly, the preferred embodiments ofthe invention set forth herein are intended to be illustrative, not hmiting. Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe invention as defined in the foUowing claims and their legal equivalents.

Most watches/devices that claim to be flight watches/devices have little to do with anything 7io regarding actual flight. Those watches/devices that are designed to be used in a coclφit, i.e. flight timers, cannot be considered failsafe due to the limitations of their design. What is unique about this invention includes the foUowing features: It is the only flight watch that can run six timers simultaneously in an interrelated manner to alert the wearer as to timed fuel related, and navigation related events, as selected and programmed by

715 the pilot. It is the only flight watch that has a failsafe means of alerting the pflot of an event occurrence via utilization of a tactile alarm upon the happening of a preprogrammed event so as to alert the wearer ofthe occurrence of an event, during flight, without continuous visual or auditory monitoring.

720 > It is the only flight watch that combines auditory, visual and tactile alarms to ensure pilot awareness of a multitude of event occurrences.

> It is the only flight watch that has aU Military Alpha coded time zones as weU as aU alternative time zones for those countries that deviate from hourly changes. It is the only flight watch that alerts the pilot of his obligation to close his flight plan.

725 Although the description above contains many specificities, these should not be constmed as limiting the scope ofthe invention but as merely providing fllustrations of some ofthe presently preferred embodiments of this invention. For example, the encasement can have other shapes and use different materials in its fabrication. The timer buttons can be reassigned for other uses. The battery can be solar powered. The time setting can be derived by radio frequency means. The entire device can be

730 constructed for panel mounting within an aircraft and transmits a signal to the tactile alarm, or be used with only visual and auditory alarms.

Thus the scope ofthe invention should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the examples given.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A flight signal device to be worn by the user comprising: a. means for providing time indication for fuel tank switching; 5 b. means for providing time indication for implementing navigation regulations; c. means for providing a plurality of timer count-ups and countdowns associated with a respective plurality of preprogrammed events; d. means providing humanly sensible indication alarms for a plurality of preprogrammed timer and clock events activated upon the occurrence of one of said preprogrammed events i o comprising a tactile device; e. means activated upon the occurrence of a different one of said preprogrammed events for providing a second humanly sensible indication which is different from said first humanly sensible indication comprising visual devices; f. means activated upon the occurrence of a different one of said preprogrammed events for 15 providing a third humanly sensible indication which is different from said first and second humanly sensible indications comprising an auditory device; g. means providing a selectable visual display of a plurality of timers for a plurality of respective timed events and 26 world time zones and alternative time zones for areas not corresponding to hourly time changes;

20 h. means for programming and reprogramming a plurality of in-flight events, including a count- up timer for engine run time, a plurality of count-down timers for fuel tank switching, time to fix event timer, timer for timing rums, timer for holding patterns, timer for final approach fix to missed approach point; minimum fuel requirements for IFR and VFR flights, and a close flight plan alarm.

25 i. means providing a selected number of signals in succession ofthe auditory or visual alarms for identifying specific events.

2. A flight signal device according to claim 1, further including a watch housing, said alarm means comprises in electiO-mechanical motor for vibrating said watch housing, or and electrical impulse transmitted from the watch housing, or tactile means for alerting the wearer of an event occurrence.

30 3. A flight signal device according to claim 1 , further including fastening means for fastening the device to a user's body.