EP1471186A1 - Auger for installing piles - Google Patents

Auger for installing piles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1471186A1
EP1471186A1 EP04291048A EP04291048A EP1471186A1 EP 1471186 A1 EP1471186 A1 EP 1471186A1 EP 04291048 A EP04291048 A EP 04291048A EP 04291048 A EP04291048 A EP 04291048A EP 1471186 A1 EP1471186 A1 EP 1471186A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
auger
blade
augur
dip tube
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04291048A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1471186B1 (en
Inventor
André Frossard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie du Sol SARL
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1471186A1 publication Critical patent/EP1471186A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/44—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with enlarged footing or enlargements at the bottom of the pile
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a machine for production of piles with extraction or displacement of adaptable soil and external rib and more particularly a pin auger.
  • the present invention relates to such a machine which includes an auger whose lower end is provided a lug in order to carry out in the wall of the borehole dug by the auger itself a helical groove.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown the lower part of such drilling.
  • this wall 12 is hollowed out a helical groove by example with constant pitch 14.
  • the assembly thus obtained is then filled with concrete 16 thus constituting the pile which has on its external face a rib or thread 18 corresponding to the filling of the groove 14.
  • the helical groove 14 is actually filled with concrete. It presupposes that on the one hand the helical groove has a certain stability, i.e. its wall is sufficiently compacted and / or the concrete is injected into the drilling under conditions such that it comes quickly and correctly fill the helical groove.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a machine for realization of bored piles with helical external rib which allows to obtain a rib in different types of terrain having improved characteristics.
  • the dip tube has at its end lower a profiled part, for example conical in shape and having a rim projecting from the dip tube.
  • Injection ports concrete or grout are placed in the immediate vicinity of this projection in such a way that the concrete or grout jets are preferably directed towards the side wall of the borehole which comprises the helical groove to be filled.
  • the platform 10 with its mast vertical guide 14.
  • the mast 14 is equipped with slides 16 in which can move a rotation head 20 secured to a carriage 18.
  • the machine also includes an auger 22, the core of which hollow 24 is engaged in the rotation head 20 to cause the rotation of the auger 22.
  • Motor means not shown allow to control the vertical movement of the carriage 18 relative to the mast 14.
  • the hollow core of the auger 22 comprises on at least one part of its length a blade 23.
  • a tube plunger 36 Inside the hollow core of the auger 22 is slidably mounted in translation and in rotation, a tube plunger 36 whose lower end is closed by a profiled part 36a having the general shape of a cone.
  • the upper end of the tube plunger 36 is connected via a rotary joint to a concrete or grout supply line 32.
  • a jack 38 preferably cylindrical, has a first integral end of the dip tube and a second integral end rotation head 20.
  • the machine also includes control means which include a central unit 40 which receives information from rotational speed 42 and translational speed 44 of the auger 22.
  • the central unit 40 from the information received from the sensors 42 and 44 allows to control the motor M1 of rotation of the auger and the motor M2 for controlling the linear descent of the auger by via control circuits 46 and 48.
  • An interface 50 data entry allows synchronization, according to parameters chosen, in particular the speed of rotation of the auger according to its linear speed of descent or ascent.
  • the hollow core 52 of the auger is provided on its outer face with a helical blade 54 which, preferably, extends over most of the auger 22.
  • the blade 54 ends by a leading edge 54a which is substantially arranged in the plane of the lower end 52a of the hollow core 52.
  • the auger 22 comprises an auxiliary blade 56 of reduced length which is fixed to the core digs 52 symmetrically at the bottom of the main blade 54 with respect to the vertical axis of the auger XX '.
  • the auger's soul may have a constant diameter or a diameter which decreases towards its lower end.
  • the maximum external diameter of the core is at most equal to the outer diameter of the blade at its lower end.
  • the auxiliary blade 56 corresponds to a half-revolution around of the hollow core 52.
  • This blade 56 also has a leading edge 56a.
  • Auxiliary blade 56 allows the auger to be symmetrical at its end lower, which in particular avoids a deviation of the auger relative to the vertical direction of drilling.
  • the main blade 54 is equipped with a cutting tool or lug 58 rigidly fixed on the face bottom of this blade.
  • the cutting tool 58 is mounted in such a way that its active end 58a protrudes from the edge of the blade 54 by a length I.
  • the cutting tool 58 extends in a radial direction through relative to the core of the auger and substantially horizontal.
  • the angle made by the cutting tool with the leading edge 54a of the blade main of the auger is less than 90 °. So the cutting tool 58 is disposed in the immediate vicinity of the lower end 52a of the core auger hollow.
  • the length I of which the cutting tool is protrusion outside the edge of the blade is between 4 and 12 cm.
  • This lower end 36a is closed by a profiled piece 60 which has, preferably the shape of a cone.
  • the base 62 of this cone has a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the dip tube 36 in such a way that it define a shoulder 64.
  • the lower end of the dip tube has two grout or concrete injection holes 66 diametrically opposed by relative to the axis YY 'of the dip tube.
  • the dip tube could also have only one injection port.
  • the holes 66 allow the outlet of the grout or cement circulating under pressure inside the dip tube 36 when this tube plunger is brought into a low position by means of the jack 38 of such so that this end is below the lower end 52a of the auger's hollow core.
  • the dip tube 36 is held in the raised position relative to the core digs the auger so that the profiled part 60 closes the lower end 52a of the hollow core of the auger and that the orifices 66 are hidden.
  • the auger 22 When the auger 22 is lowered with its dip tube 36, the dip tube is held in the high relative position.
  • the auger causes the main part 10 of this form drilling to be drilled substantially cylindrical with depending on the characteristics of the auger and its rotation speed in relation to its descent speed an effect of more or less significant repression.
  • the section 58 causes a limited helical groove to be produced in the direction of descent, which is either filled by the repression due to the passage of the rest of the blade 54 or by the effect of the backflow due to the passage of the tool during the ascent, or filled with concrete.
  • the jack 36 is controlled to cause the exit of the end lower of the dip tube relative to the lower end of the core of the auger while controlling the rotation and raising of the auger with controlled speed and linear speed parameters.
  • the dip tube is supplied with grout or concrete under pressure 32.
  • the cutting tool 58 begins the realization of the helical groove 14.
  • the injection orifices 66 of the tube plunger being cleared from the auger core, the grout or concrete emerges under pressure from the dip tube in the borehole.
  • the shoulder 64 provided at the lower end of the dip tube, promotes direction radial of the concrete or grout jet coming out of the dip tube which is thus directed mainly towards the wall 12 of the borehole. This promotes the immediate and complete filling of groove 14 with concrete or grout in order to obtain the rib 18 of the bored pile.
  • this filling of the rib takes place immediately after completion, which allows avoid or limit the deformation of the groove produced by the section 58 thus ensuring the formation of an external rib 18 having the shape shown in Figure 6.
  • Part A of this figure shows the action of the tool on the descent and part B that of the tool on the ascent.
  • the provisions of the invention may apply only the auger whether or not it works in discharge. However, they are particularly interesting when the auger does not work in discharge. In indeed, when one does not work in repression the wall of the borehole is not compacted or undergoes only reduced compaction. Indeed, in this case the stability of the groove cut by the tool 58 is lower.
  • the cutting tool 58 may not be rigidly attached to the auger blade.
  • the tool could be pivotally mounted or telescopic with respect to the blade.
  • the tool could then be connected to the tube plunger by a transmission mechanism such as when the tube plunger is in the "retracted" position in the auger core, tool 58 is retracted and when the dip tube is brought into the lower position by relative to the lower end of the auger the tool 58 protrudes out of the outer edge of the blade as shown in Figures 4.

Abstract

A cutter extends radially from the bottom of the augur blade to cut a groove in the shaft wall. A tube runs through the hollow shaft of the augur. One end is connected to a liquid concrete supply, and the other is shaped to inject concrete through an orifice. The tube can move vertically in the shaft to close the lower end of the shaft or so the injection orifice extends outside the lower end : The machine has an augur with a hollow shaft and at least one helical blade extending over at least part of the length of the shaft; means of guiding the augur vertically; means of controlling and measuring the speed of vertical displacement and the speed of rotation of the augur. The cutter extends along a radius of the augur blade forming an angle at least equal to 90[deg]. With the leading edge of the blade. The augur has a first helical blade extending over a significant part of the augurs length and a second helical blade extending over a reduced wall along the augur at its lower end, placed symmetrically with respect to the axis of the augur at the first blade. The shaped end of the tube is conical, with the point turned downwards. The base of the cone has a diameter greater than that of the tube. The tube has two injection orifices placed near the shaped end. The external diameter of the augur shaft is constant or increases moving away from the bottom end. The pitch of the blade is constant and the cutter is rigidly fixed to the blade, extending beyond the blade by 4 to 12 cm.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une machine pour la réalisation de pieux à extraction ou déplacement de sol adaptable et à nervure externe et plus particulièrement une tarière à ergot.The subject of the present invention is a machine for production of piles with extraction or displacement of adaptable soil and external rib and more particularly a pin auger.

De façon plus précise, la présente invention concerne une telle machine qui comprend une tarière dont l'extrémité inférieure est munie d'un ergot afin de réaliser dans la paroi du forage creusée par la tarière elle-même une rainure en forme d'hélice.More specifically, the present invention relates to such a machine which includes an auger whose lower end is provided a lug in order to carry out in the wall of the borehole dug by the auger itself a helical groove.

Pour renforcer des sols sur lesquels des ouvrages importants doivent être réalisés, il est connu de réaliser dans le sol des pieux forés. Cette technique consiste à réaliser dans le sol un forage de forme sensiblement cylindrique et de profondeur convenable et à remplir avec du béton ou des produits chargés similaires le forage réalisé afin d'obtenir ainsi un pieu en béton. De tels pieux sont classiquement réalisés à l'aide d'une tarière.To reinforce soils on which important works must be made, it is known to make bored piles in the ground. This technique consists in carrying out a form drilling in the ground substantially cylindrical and of suitable depth and to be filled with concrete or similar loaded products the drilling carried out in order to obtain thus a concrete stake. Such piles are conventionally produced using an auger.

Il est bien sûr indispensable pour que l'effet de consolidation du sol soit obtenu que ces pieux soient solidement ancrés dans le sol et qu'ils présentent une section droite suffisante pour absorber les efforts qui leur sont appliqués. Une technique en soi connue qui permet d'obtenir cet ancrage en diminuant la section droite du pieu pour un effet de renforcement constant consiste à réaliser dans la paroi du forage cylindrique une rainure de forme hélicoïdale.It is of course essential for the consolidation effect of the soil is obtained that these piles are firmly anchored in the ground and that they have a cross section sufficient to absorb the forces which their are applied. A technique known in itself which makes it possible to obtain this anchoring by reducing the cross section of the pile for a constant reinforcement consists in carrying out in the borehole wall cylindrical a helical groove.

Sur la figure 1 annexée, on a représenté la partie inférieure d'un tel forage. On retrouve le forage cylindrique proprement dit 10 avec sa paroi 12. Dans cette paroi 12 est creusée une rainure hélicoïdale par exemple à pas constant 14. L'ensemble ainsi obtenu est ensuite rempli de béton 16 constituant ainsi le pieu qui comporte sur sa face externe une nervure ou filet 18 correspondant au remplissage de la rainure 14.In Figure 1 attached, there is shown the lower part of such drilling. We find the actual cylindrical drilling 10 with its wall 12. In this wall 12 is hollowed out a helical groove by example with constant pitch 14. The assembly thus obtained is then filled with concrete 16 thus constituting the pile which has on its external face a rib or thread 18 corresponding to the filling of the groove 14.

Pour que la présence du filet 18 soit efficace il faut que la rainure hélicoïdale 14 soit effectivement remplie par le béton. Cela présuppose que d'une part la rainure hélicoïdale présente une certaine stabilité c'est-à-dire que sa paroi soit suffisamment compactée et/ou que le béton soit injecté dans le forage dans des conditions telles qu'il vienne rapidement et correctement remplir la rainure hélicoïdale.For the presence of the net 18 to be effective, the helical groove 14 is actually filled with concrete. it presupposes that on the one hand the helical groove has a certain stability, i.e. its wall is sufficiently compacted and / or the concrete is injected into the drilling under conditions such that it comes quickly and correctly fill the helical groove.

Un objet de la présente invention est de fournir une machine de réalisation de pieux forés à nervure externe hélicoïdale qui permette d'obtenir dans différents types de terrain la réalisation d'une nervure présentant des caractéristiques améliorées.An object of the present invention is to provide a machine for realization of bored piles with helical external rib which allows to obtain a rib in different types of terrain having improved characteristics.

Pour atteindre ce but selon l'invention, la machine de réalisation de pieux à nervures externes comprend :

  • une tarière comportant une âme creuse et au moins une pale en hélice s'étendant sur au moins une partie de la longueur de l'âme ;
  • des moyens de guidage en translation verticale de ladite tarière ;
  • des moyens de commande et de mesure de la vitesse de déplacement vertical de ladite tarière ;
  • des moyens de commande et de mesure de la vitesse de rotation de ladite tarière ;
  • ladite machine se caractérisant en ce qu'elle comprend en outre :
    • un outil de coupe fixé sur la pale de ladite tarière à proximité de l'extrémité inférieure de la tarière et ledit outil faisant saillie sensiblement radialement hors du bord externe de ladite pale apte à former une rainure dans la paroi du forage ;
    • un tube plongeur s'étendant dans l'âme creuse de ladite tarière et monté mobile au moins en translation dans celle-ci, comportant une extrémité supérieure raccordable à une conduite d'alimentation en béton liquide ou analogue et une extrémité inférieure fermée par une pièce de forme profilée et munie dans sa paroi latérale d'au moins un orifice d'injection de béton ou analogue ; et
    • des moyens pour déplacer verticalement ledit tube plongeur par rapport à l'âme de ladite tarière entre une première position dans laquelle la pièce de forme profilée du tube plongeur obture sensiblement l'extrémité inférieure ouverte de l'âme de la tarière et une deuxième position dans laquelle le ou les orifices d'injection du tube plongeur fait ou font saillie hors de l'extrémité inférieure de l'âme de ladite tarière.
To achieve this object according to the invention, the machine for making piles with external ribs comprises:
  • an auger comprising a hollow core and at least one helical blade extending over at least part of the length of the core;
  • means for guiding said auger in vertical translation;
  • means for controlling and measuring the speed of vertical movement of said auger;
  • means for controlling and measuring the speed of rotation of said auger;
  • said machine being characterized in that it further comprises:
    • a cutting tool fixed on the blade of said auger near the lower end of the auger and said tool projecting substantially radially out of the outer edge of said blade capable of forming a groove in the wall of the borehole;
    • a dip tube extending in the hollow core of said auger and mounted movable at least in translation therein, comprising an upper end connectable to a supply line of liquid concrete or the like and a lower end closed by a part of profiled shape and provided in its side wall with at least one orifice for injecting concrete or the like; and
    • means for vertically moving said dip tube relative to the core of said auger between a first position in which the shaped part of the dip tube substantially seals the open lower end of the core of the auger and a second position in which the injection hole (s) of the dip tube projects or protrudes out of the lower end of the core of said auger.

On comprend que, grâce au fait que d'une part, l'outil de coupe ou ergot est placé à proximité du bord d'attaque de la pale de la tarière, c'est-à-dire à proximité de l'extrémité inférieure de celle-ci, et que le béton est injecté à l'aide d'un tube plongeur monté coulissant dans l'âme creuse de la tarière, on obtient effectivement la réalisation d'un filet en béton présentant les qualités requises. En effet, le béton est injecté vers la rainure découpée par l'outil de coupe dans des conditions optimales sensiblement immédiatement après la réalisation de cette rainure.We understand that, thanks to the fact that on the one hand, the cutting tool or lug is placed near the leading edge of the auger blade, that is to say near the lower end of it, and that concrete is injected using a dip tube slidably mounted in the hollow core of the auger, we actually get the realization of a concrete net with the required qualities. Concrete is injected towards the groove cut by the cutting tool in optimal conditions substantially immediately after the completion of this groove.

De préférence, le tube plongeur comporte à son extrémité inférieure une pièce profilée de forme par exemple conique et présentant un rebord en saillie par rapport au tube plongeur. Les orifices d'injection du béton ou du coulis sont disposés à proximité immédiate de cette saillie de telle manière que les jets de béton ou de coulis soient préférentiellement dirigés vers la paroi latérale du forage qui comporte la rainure hélicoïdale à remplir.Preferably, the dip tube has at its end lower a profiled part, for example conical in shape and having a rim projecting from the dip tube. Injection ports concrete or grout are placed in the immediate vicinity of this projection in such a way that the concrete or grout jets are preferably directed towards the side wall of the borehole which comprises the helical groove to be filled.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit de plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatifs.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the following description of several embodiments of the invention given by way of nonlimiting example.

La description se réfère aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 déjà décrite est une vue en coupe verticale de la partie inférieure d'un pieu foré à filet ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en élévation de l'ensemble de la machine de forage ;
  • la figure 3 est un schéma simplifié de l'ensemble de commande de la machine de forage ;
  • les figures 4A et 4B montrent sous deux angles différents en perspective la partie inférieure de la tarière ;
  • la figure 4C est une vue de dessous de l'extrémité inférieure de la tarière ;
  • La figure 5 est une vue de détail montrant l'extrémité inférieure du tube plongeur ; et
  • La figure 6 est un schéma illustrant la réalisation du filet du pieu.
The description refers to the appended figures in which:
  • Figure 1 already described is a vertical sectional view of the lower part of a bored pile with a thread;
  • Figure 2 is an elevational view of the entire drilling machine;
  • Figure 3 is a simplified diagram of the control assembly of the drilling machine;
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B show the lower part of the auger from two different angles in perspective;
  • Figure 4C is a bottom view of the lower end of the auger;
  • Figure 5 is a detail view showing the lower end of the dip tube; and
  • Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the construction of the pile net.

En se référant tout d'abord à la figure 2, on va décrire l'ensemble de la machine de réalisation de pieux à nervure externe.Referring first to Figure 2, we will describe the whole pile making machine with external rib.

Sur cette figure on a représenté la plate-forme 10 avec son mât vertical de guidage 14. Le mât 14 est équipé de glissières 16 dans lesquelles peut se déplacer une tête de mise en rotation 20 solidaire d'un chariot 18. La machine comprend également une tarière 22 dont l'âme creuse 24 est engagée dans la tête de rotation 20 pour provoquer la rotation de la tarière 22. Des moyens moteur non représentés permettent de contrôler le déplacement vertical du chariot 18 par rapport au mât 14. De façon connue, l'âme creuse de la tarière 22 comporte sur au moins une partie de sa longueur une pale 23. A l'intérieur de l'âme creuse de la tarière 22 est monté coulissante en translation et en rotation, un tube plongeur 36 dont l'extrémité inférieure est obturée par une pièce profilée 36a ayant la forme générale d'un cône. L'extrémité supérieure du tube plongeur 36 est raccordée par l'intermédiaire d'un joint tournant à une conduite 32 d'alimentation en béton ou en coulis. Pour permettre le déplacement relatif en translation du tube plongeur 36 par rapport à la tarière 22 un vérin 38, de préférence cylindrique, comporte une première extrémité solidaire du tube plongeur et une deuxième extrémité solidaire de la tête de mise en rotation 20. On pourrait également prévoir plusieurs vérins "standards". En commandant le vérin 38 il est donc possible de modifier la position de l'extrémité 36a du tube plongeur par rapport à l'extrémité inférieure 22a de l'âme de la tarière.In this figure there is shown the platform 10 with its mast vertical guide 14. The mast 14 is equipped with slides 16 in which can move a rotation head 20 secured to a carriage 18. The machine also includes an auger 22, the core of which hollow 24 is engaged in the rotation head 20 to cause the rotation of the auger 22. Motor means not shown allow to control the vertical movement of the carriage 18 relative to the mast 14. In known manner, the hollow core of the auger 22 comprises on at least one part of its length a blade 23. Inside the hollow core of the auger 22 is slidably mounted in translation and in rotation, a tube plunger 36 whose lower end is closed by a profiled part 36a having the general shape of a cone. The upper end of the tube plunger 36 is connected via a rotary joint to a concrete or grout supply line 32. To allow the relative displacement in translation of the dip tube 36 relative to the auger 22 a jack 38, preferably cylindrical, has a first integral end of the dip tube and a second integral end rotation head 20. One could also provide several "standard" cylinders. By controlling the jack 38 it is therefore possible to modify the position of the end 36a of the dip tube relative to the lower end 22a of the auger core.

La machine comporte encore des moyens de commande qui incluent une unité centrale 40 qui reçoit des informations de capteurs de vitesse de rotation 42 et de vitesse de translation 44 de la tarière 22. L'unité centrale 40 à partir des informations reçues des capteurs 42 et 44 permet de contrôler le moteur M1 de mise en rotation de la tarière et le moteur M2 de commande de la descente linéaire de la tarière par l'intermédiaire de circuits de commande 46 et 48. Une interface 50 d'entrée de données permet de synchroniser, selon des paramètres choisis, notamment la vitesse de rotation de la tarière en fonction de sa vitesse linéaire de descente ou de montée.The machine also includes control means which include a central unit 40 which receives information from rotational speed 42 and translational speed 44 of the auger 22. The central unit 40 from the information received from the sensors 42 and 44 allows to control the motor M1 of rotation of the auger and the motor M2 for controlling the linear descent of the auger by via control circuits 46 and 48. An interface 50 data entry allows synchronization, according to parameters chosen, in particular the speed of rotation of the auger according to its linear speed of descent or ascent.

En se référant maintenant aux figures 4A à 4C, on va décrire l'extrémité inférieure de la tarière 22. L'âme creuse 52 de la tarière est munie sur sa face externe d'une pale hélicoïdale 54 qui, de préférence, s'étend sur la plus grande partie de la tarière 22. La pale 54 se termine par un bord d'attaque 54a qui est sensiblement disposé dans le plan de l'extrémité inférieure 52a de l'âme creuse 52. De préférence, la tarière 22 comporte une pale auxiliaire 56 de longueur réduite qui est fixée sur l'âme creuse 52 symétriquement à la partie inférieure de la pale principale 54 par rapport à l'axe vertical de la tarière XX'. L'âme de la tarière peut avoir un diamètre constant ou un diamètre qui va en diminuant vers son extrémité inférieure. Dans ce cas, le diamètre externe maximum de l'âme est au plus égal au diamètre externe de la pale à son extrémité inférieure. Par exemple, la pale auxiliaire 56 correspond à une demi-révolution autour de l'âme creuse 52. Cette pale 56 comporte également un bord d'attaque 56a. La pale auxiliaire 56 permet de symétriser la tarière à son extrémité inférieure, ce qui permet en particulier d'éviter une déviation de la tarière par rapport à la direction verticale de forage.Referring now to FIGS. 4A to 4C, we will describe the lower end of the auger 22. The hollow core 52 of the auger is provided on its outer face with a helical blade 54 which, preferably, extends over most of the auger 22. The blade 54 ends by a leading edge 54a which is substantially arranged in the plane of the lower end 52a of the hollow core 52. Preferably, the auger 22 comprises an auxiliary blade 56 of reduced length which is fixed to the core digs 52 symmetrically at the bottom of the main blade 54 with respect to the vertical axis of the auger XX '. The auger's soul may have a constant diameter or a diameter which decreases towards its lower end. In this case, the maximum external diameter of the core is at most equal to the outer diameter of the blade at its lower end. For example, the auxiliary blade 56 corresponds to a half-revolution around of the hollow core 52. This blade 56 also has a leading edge 56a. Auxiliary blade 56 allows the auger to be symmetrical at its end lower, which in particular avoids a deviation of the auger relative to the vertical direction of drilling.

Dans le mode de réalisation décrit la pale principale 54 est équipée d'un outil de coupe ou ergot 58 rigidement fixé sur la face inférieure de cette pale. L'outil de coupe 58 est monté de telle manière que son extrémité active 58a dépasse du bord de la pale 54 d'une longueur I. L'outil de coupe 58 s'étend selon une direction radiale par rapport à l'âme de la tarière et sensiblement horizontale. De préférence, l'angle que fait l'outil de coupe avec le bord d'attaque 54a de la pale principale de la tarière est inférieur à 90°. Ainsi l'outil de coupe 58 est disposé à proximité immédiate de l'extrémité inférieure 52a de l'âme creuse de la tarière. De préférence, la longueur I dont l'outil de coupe fait saillie hors du bord de la pale est comprise entre 4 et 12 cm.In the embodiment described the main blade 54 is equipped with a cutting tool or lug 58 rigidly fixed on the face bottom of this blade. The cutting tool 58 is mounted in such a way that its active end 58a protrudes from the edge of the blade 54 by a length I. The cutting tool 58 extends in a radial direction through relative to the core of the auger and substantially horizontal. Preferably, the angle made by the cutting tool with the leading edge 54a of the blade main of the auger is less than 90 °. So the cutting tool 58 is disposed in the immediate vicinity of the lower end 52a of the core auger hollow. Preferably, the length I of which the cutting tool is protrusion outside the edge of the blade is between 4 and 12 cm.

En se référant maintenant à la figure 5, on va décrire un mode préféré de réalisation de l'extrémité inférieure du tube plongeur 36. Cette extrémité inférieure 36a est obturée par une pièce profilée 60 qui a, de préférence, la forme d'un cône. La base 62 de ce cône a un diamètre supérieur au diamètre externe du tube plongeur 36 de telle manière qu'elle définisse un épaulement 64. A proximité immédiate de cet épaulement 64, l'extrémité inférieure du tube plongeur comporte deux orifices d'injection de coulis ou de béton 66 diamétralement opposés par rapport à l'axe YY' du tube plongeur. Le tube plongeur pourrait également ne comporter qu'un seul orifice d'injection. Comme on le comprend aisément, les orifices 66 permettent la sortie du coulis ou du ciment circulant sous pression à l'intérieur du tube plongeur 36 lorsque ce tube plongeur est amené dans une position basse grâce au vérin 38 de telle manière que cette extrémité soit en dessous de l'extrémité inférieure 52a de l'âme creuse de la tarière. En revanche, lors de l'opération de forage le tube plongeur 36 est maintenu en position remontée par rapport à l'âme creuse de la tarière de telle manière que la pièce profilée 60 obture l'extrémité inférieure 52a de l'âme creuse de la tarière et que les orifices 66 soient masqués. Referring now to FIG. 5, we will describe a mode preferred embodiment of the lower end of the dip tube 36. This lower end 36a is closed by a profiled piece 60 which has, preferably the shape of a cone. The base 62 of this cone has a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the dip tube 36 in such a way that it define a shoulder 64. In the immediate vicinity of this shoulder 64, the lower end of the dip tube has two grout or concrete injection holes 66 diametrically opposed by relative to the axis YY 'of the dip tube. The dip tube could also have only one injection port. As we understand easily, the holes 66 allow the outlet of the grout or cement circulating under pressure inside the dip tube 36 when this tube plunger is brought into a low position by means of the jack 38 of such so that this end is below the lower end 52a of the auger's hollow core. However, during the drilling operation the dip tube 36 is held in the raised position relative to the core digs the auger so that the profiled part 60 closes the lower end 52a of the hollow core of the auger and that the orifices 66 are hidden.

Lors de la descente de la tarière 22 avec son tube plongeur 36, le tube plongeur est maintenu en position relative haute. La tarière provoque le forage de la partie principale 10 de ce forage de forme sensiblement cylindrique avec selon les caractéristiques de la tarière et sa vitesse de rotation par rapport à sa vitesse de descente un effet de refoulement plus ou moins important. Au-delà du forage principal l'outil de coupe 58 provoque la réalisation d'une rainure hélicoïdale limitée dans le sens de la descente, qui est soit comblée par le refoulement dû au passage du reste de la pale 54 ou par l'effet du refoulement dû au passage de l'outil durant la remontée, soit remplie par le béton. Lorsque la tarière arrive dans sa position extrême basse correspondant à la fin du forage, le vérin 36 est commandé pour provoquer la sortie de l'extrémité inférieure du tube plongeur par rapport à l'extrémité inférieure de l'âme de la tarière tout en commandant la rotation et la remontée de la tarière avec des paramètres de vitesse de rotation et de vitesse linéaire contrôlés. Simultanément le tube plongeur est alimenté en coulis ou en béton sous pression 32. Par la rotation de la tarière l'outil de coupe 58 commence la réalisation de la rainure hélicoïdale 14. Les orifices d'injection 66 du tube plongeur étant dégagés par rapport à l'âme de la tarière, le coulis ou le béton sort sous pression du tube plongeur dans le forage. L'épaulement 64, prévu à l'extrémité inférieure du tube plongeur, favorise la direction radiale du jet de béton ou de coulis sortant du tube plongeur qui est ainsi dirigée majoritairement vers la paroi 12 du forage. Cela favorise le remplissage immédiat et complet de la rainure 14 par le béton ou le coulis afin d'obtenir la nervure 18 du pieu foré. En outre, le béton étant maintenu au plus près de l'outil de coupe 58, ce remplissage de la nervure a lieu immédiatement après la réalisation de celle-ci, ce qui permet d'éviter ou de limiter la déformation de la rainure réalisée par l'outil de coupe 58 assurant ainsi la formation d'une nervure externe 18 présentant la forme représentée sur la figure 6. La partie A de cette figure montre l'action de l'outil à la descente et la partie B celle de l'outil à la remontée.When the auger 22 is lowered with its dip tube 36, the dip tube is held in the high relative position. The auger causes the main part 10 of this form drilling to be drilled substantially cylindrical with depending on the characteristics of the auger and its rotation speed in relation to its descent speed an effect of more or less significant repression. Beyond the main drilling, the section 58 causes a limited helical groove to be produced in the direction of descent, which is either filled by the repression due to the passage of the rest of the blade 54 or by the effect of the backflow due to the passage of the tool during the ascent, or filled with concrete. When the auger arrives in its extreme low position corresponding to the end of the drilling, the jack 36 is controlled to cause the exit of the end lower of the dip tube relative to the lower end of the core of the auger while controlling the rotation and raising of the auger with controlled speed and linear speed parameters. Simultaneously the dip tube is supplied with grout or concrete under pressure 32. By the rotation of the auger the cutting tool 58 begins the realization of the helical groove 14. The injection orifices 66 of the tube plunger being cleared from the auger core, the grout or concrete emerges under pressure from the dip tube in the borehole. The shoulder 64, provided at the lower end of the dip tube, promotes direction radial of the concrete or grout jet coming out of the dip tube which is thus directed mainly towards the wall 12 of the borehole. This promotes the immediate and complete filling of groove 14 with concrete or grout in order to obtain the rib 18 of the bored pile. In addition, the concrete being kept as close as possible to the cutting tool 58, this filling of the rib takes place immediately after completion, which allows avoid or limit the deformation of the groove produced by the section 58 thus ensuring the formation of an external rib 18 having the shape shown in Figure 6. Part A of this figure shows the action of the tool on the descent and part B that of the tool on the ascent.

En contrôlant, à l'aide de l'unité centrale 40 par l'intermédiaire des moteurs M1 et M2, la vitesse de rotation de la tarière et sa vitesse de déplacement linéaire en remontée, on peut définir le pas de la rainure hélicoïdale 14 pour obtenir le pas souhaité. En faisant varier le rapport de ces deux vitesses, on peut, si on le souhaite, faire varier le pas de cette rainure 14.By controlling, using the central unit 40 via of motors M1 and M2, the speed of rotation of the auger and its speed of linear movement in ascent, we can define the pitch of the groove helical 14 to obtain the desired pitch. By varying the ratio of these two speeds, we can, if desired, vary the pitch of this groove 14.

Les dispositions de l'invention peuvent s'appliquer que la tarière fonctionne ou non en refoulement. Toutefois, elles sont particulièrement intéressantes lorsque la tarière ne fonctionne pas en refoulement. En effet, lorsqu'on ne travaille pas en refoulement la paroi du forage n'est pas compactée ou ne subit qu'un compactage réduit. En effet, dans ce cas la stabilité de la rainure découpée par l'outil 58 est plus faible.The provisions of the invention may apply only the auger whether or not it works in discharge. However, they are particularly interesting when the auger does not work in discharge. In indeed, when one does not work in repression the wall of the borehole is not compacted or undergoes only reduced compaction. Indeed, in this case the stability of the groove cut by the tool 58 is lower.

En variante, l'outil de coupe 58 pourrait ne pas être rigidement fixé à la pale de la tarière. L'outil pourrait être monté pivotant ou télescopique par rapport à la pale. L'outil pourrait alors être relié au tube plongeur par un mécanisme de transmission tel que lorsque le tube plongeur est en position "rentrée" dans l'âme de la tarière l'outil 58 soit escamoté et que lorsque le tube plongeur est amené en position basse par rapport à l'extrémité inférieure de la tarière l'outil 58 fasse saillie hors du bord externe de la pale comme cela est représenté sur les figures 4.Alternatively, the cutting tool 58 may not be rigidly attached to the auger blade. The tool could be pivotally mounted or telescopic with respect to the blade. The tool could then be connected to the tube plunger by a transmission mechanism such as when the tube plunger is in the "retracted" position in the auger core, tool 58 is retracted and when the dip tube is brought into the lower position by relative to the lower end of the auger the tool 58 protrudes out of the outer edge of the blade as shown in Figures 4.

Claims (10)

Machine de réalisation de pieux à nervures externes comprenant : une tarière comportant une âme creuse et au moins une pale en hélice s'étendant sur au moins une partie de la longueur de l'âme ; des moyens de guidage en translation verticale de ladite tarière ; des moyens de commande et de mesure de la vitesse de déplacement vertical de ladite tarière ; et des moyens de commande et de mesure de la vitesse de rotation de ladite tarière ;    ladite machine se caractérisant en ce qu'elle comprend en outre : un outil de coupe fixé sur la pale de ladite tarière à proximité de l'extrémité inférieure de la tarière, ledit outil faisant saillie sensiblement radialement hors du bord externe de ladite pale et étant apte à former une rainure dans la paroi du forage ; un tube plongeur s'étendant dans l'âme creuse de ladite tarière et monté mobile au moins en translation dans celle-ci, comportant une extrémité supérieure raccordable à une conduite d'alimentation en béton liquide ou analogue et une extrémité inférieure fermée par une pièce de forme profilée et munie dans sa paroi latérale d'au moins un orifice d'injection de béton ou analogue ; et des moyens pour déplacer verticalement ledit tube plongeur par rapport à l'âme de ladite tarière entre une première position dans laquelle la pièce de forme profilée du tube plongeur obture sensiblement l'extrémité inférieure ouverte de l'âme de la tarière et une deuxième position dans laquelle le ou les orifices d'injection du tube plongeur fait ou font saillie hors de l'extrémité inférieure de l'âme de ladite tarière. Machine for making piles with external ribs comprising: an auger comprising a hollow core and at least one helical blade extending over at least part of the length of the core; means for guiding said auger in vertical translation; means for controlling and measuring the speed of vertical movement of said auger; and means for controlling and measuring the speed of rotation of said auger; said machine being characterized in that it further comprises: a cutting tool fixed to the blade of said auger near the lower end of the auger, said tool projecting substantially radially from the outer edge of said blade and being capable of forming a groove in the wall of the borehole; a dip tube extending into the hollow core of said auger and mounted movable at least in translation therein, comprising an upper end connectable to a supply line of liquid concrete or the like and a lower end closed by a part of profiled shape and provided in its side wall with at least one orifice for injecting concrete or the like; and means for vertically moving said dip tube relative to the core of said auger between a first position in which the shaped part of the dip tube substantially seals the open lower end of the auger core and a second position in which the injection hole (s) of the dip tube projects or protrudes out of the lower end of the core of said auger. Machine selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit outil de coupe s'étend selon un rayon de la pale de la tarière qui fait un angle au plus égal à 90 degrés avec le bord d'attaque de ladite pale.Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that said cutting tool extends along a radius of the auger blade which makes an angle at most equal to 90 degrees with the leading edge of said blade. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite tarière comprend une première pale hélicoïdale s'étendant sur une partie significative de la longueur de la tarière et une deuxième portion de pale hélicoïdale s'étendant sur une paroi réduite de la longueur de ladite tarière à son extrémité inférieure et disposée symétriquement par rapport à l'axe de la tarière de la partie correspondante de ladite première pale.Machine according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said auger comprises a first helical blade extending over a significant part of the length of the auger and a second portion of helical blade extending over a reduced wall of the length of said auger at its lower end and arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the auger of the corresponding part of said first blade. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite pièce profilée à l'extrémité inférieure du tube plongeur a une forme tronconique dont la pointe est tournée vers le bas, la base dudit tronc de cône ayant un diamètre supérieur au diamètre externe du tube plongeur.Machine according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the said profiled part at the lower end of the dip tube has a frustoconical shape the point of which faces downwards, the base of the said truncated cone having a larger diameter the outside diameter of the dip tube. Machine selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que ledit tube plongeur comprend deux orifices d'injection diamétralement opposés par rapport à l'axe du tube plongeur, lesdits orifices étant disposés à proximité immédiate de ladite pièce profilée.Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that said dip tube comprises two injection holes diametrically opposite with respect to the axis of the dip tube, said holes being arranged in the immediate vicinity of said profiled part. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le diamètre extérieur de l'âme de la tarière est sensiblement constant.Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the outside diameter of the auger core is substantially constant. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'âme de la tarière a un diamètre qui va en augmentant en s'éloignant de son extrémité inférieure.Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the core of the auger has a diameter which increases with increasing distance from its lower end. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée, en ce que le pas de ladite pale ou desdites pales est sensiblement constant.Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pitch of said blade or of said blades is substantially constant. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 caractérisée en ce que ledit outil de coupe est rigidement fixé à la pale de la tarière.Machine according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the said cutting tool is rigidly fixed to the auger blade. Machine selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que ledit outil de coupe fait saillie hors du bord externe de la pale de la tarière d'une largeur comprise entre 4 et 12 cm.Machine according to claim 9, characterized in that said cutting tool projects out of the outer edge of the auger blade with a width of between 4 and 12 cm.
EP04291048.9A 2003-04-23 2004-04-22 Auger for installing piles Expired - Lifetime EP1471186B1 (en)

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EP1748108A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-01-31 Compagnie du Sol Auger for piling
FR2889241A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-02 Cie Du Sol Soc Civ Ile Auger for boring machine assembly, has dip tube moving in translation and/or rotation in hollow core, and placed at bottom end of core, where tube movement controls displacement of movable cutter pin from retracted to active position
DE102012109332A1 (en) * 2012-10-01 2014-04-03 Götz Hudelmaier Method for constructing cast in-situ concrete pile embedded in ground for building foundation of e.g. building, involves continuously filling casting mold, which is formed below excavation device, with cast-in-situ concrete
DE102012109333A1 (en) * 2012-10-01 2014-04-03 Götz Hudelmaier Excavation device for forming hollow space in base for producing in-situ concrete structure, and for use in system, has unit for selective generation of expansion of hollow space perpendicular to rotation axis
BE1021912B1 (en) * 2014-06-19 2016-01-26 Jde Funderingstechniek Bvba DRILLING DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING A FOUNDATION POLE
CN105586939A (en) * 2016-03-04 2016-05-18 韩希鹏 Fastening device for orthohexagnal piles and H piles
CN105672295A (en) * 2016-03-04 2016-06-15 韩希鹏 Opening locking device for regular hexagonal piles and cross-shaped piles
US20160244932A1 (en) * 2013-10-27 2016-08-25 Hainan Zhuodian High-Tech Dev Co Ltd Pile-forming Method for Compound Extruded and Expanded Pile and Pile-forming Equipment for Compound Extruded and Expanded Pile
US10161096B2 (en) * 2016-05-31 2018-12-25 Soletanche Freyssinet Ground reinforcing device
BE1027995B1 (en) * 2020-01-16 2021-08-16 Olivier Ind Nv SOIL DISPLACEMENT DRILL AND PROCEDURE FOR FORMING A SMOOTH FOUNDATION PILE WITH SUCH DISPLACEMENT DRILL

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1748108A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-01-31 Compagnie du Sol Auger for piling
FR2889241A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-02 Cie Du Sol Soc Civ Ile Auger for boring machine assembly, has dip tube moving in translation and/or rotation in hollow core, and placed at bottom end of core, where tube movement controls displacement of movable cutter pin from retracted to active position
US7591329B2 (en) 2005-07-28 2009-09-22 Compagnie Du Sol Auger with a movable gouge for making a borehole
DE102012109332A1 (en) * 2012-10-01 2014-04-03 Götz Hudelmaier Method for constructing cast in-situ concrete pile embedded in ground for building foundation of e.g. building, involves continuously filling casting mold, which is formed below excavation device, with cast-in-situ concrete
DE102012109333A1 (en) * 2012-10-01 2014-04-03 Götz Hudelmaier Excavation device for forming hollow space in base for producing in-situ concrete structure, and for use in system, has unit for selective generation of expansion of hollow space perpendicular to rotation axis
US9816244B2 (en) * 2013-10-27 2017-11-14 Guijiao Peng Pile-forming method for compound extruded and expanded pile and pile-forming equipment for compound extruded and expanded pile
US20160244932A1 (en) * 2013-10-27 2016-08-25 Hainan Zhuodian High-Tech Dev Co Ltd Pile-forming Method for Compound Extruded and Expanded Pile and Pile-forming Equipment for Compound Extruded and Expanded Pile
BE1021912B1 (en) * 2014-06-19 2016-01-26 Jde Funderingstechniek Bvba DRILLING DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING A FOUNDATION POLE
CN105586939A (en) * 2016-03-04 2016-05-18 韩希鹏 Fastening device for orthohexagnal piles and H piles
CN105672295A (en) * 2016-03-04 2016-06-15 韩希鹏 Opening locking device for regular hexagonal piles and cross-shaped piles
US10161096B2 (en) * 2016-05-31 2018-12-25 Soletanche Freyssinet Ground reinforcing device
AU2017203620B2 (en) * 2016-05-31 2022-12-01 Soletanche Freyssinet Ground reinforcing device
BE1027995B1 (en) * 2020-01-16 2021-08-16 Olivier Ind Nv SOIL DISPLACEMENT DRILL AND PROCEDURE FOR FORMING A SMOOTH FOUNDATION PILE WITH SUCH DISPLACEMENT DRILL

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