EP1508634A1 - Methof for making a nonwoven fabric - Google Patents

Methof for making a nonwoven fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1508634A1
EP1508634A1 EP04016916A EP04016916A EP1508634A1 EP 1508634 A1 EP1508634 A1 EP 1508634A1 EP 04016916 A EP04016916 A EP 04016916A EP 04016916 A EP04016916 A EP 04016916A EP 1508634 A1 EP1508634 A1 EP 1508634A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
types
nonwoven fabric
layer
different
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04016916A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1508634B1 (en
Inventor
Sebastian Sommer
Michael Baumeister
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Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
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Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
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Publication of EP1508634A1 publication Critical patent/EP1508634A1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/50—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by treatment to produce shrinking, swelling, crimping or curling of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/544—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/549—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/55—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D04H3/153—Mixed yarns or filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a nonwoven fabric a nonwoven fabric layer of a fiber mixture of at least two different ones Fiber types is formed.
  • the fibers are preferably around filaments made of thermoplastic material.
  • nonwovens In practice, a variety of processes for the production of nonwovens known. When nonwoven fabrics with high strength and high rigidity produced, these nonwovens are usually characterized by a relative small thickness. In other words, these nonwovens are only relatively less voluminous and therefore often have an insufficient textile handle on. Special process steps to increase the thickness or the volume, such as needling of the nonwoven fabric are present especially in the case of the hygiene products typical light fleece products uneconomical.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of a method of the initially specify the type mentioned, with the simple and inexpensive Way the volume or the thickness of a nonwoven fabric can be increased.
  • the invention teaches a method for producing a nonwoven fabric, wherein a nonwoven fabric layer is formed from a fiber mixture of at least two different fiber types, wherein this single nonwoven layer is solidified and wherein the solidified single nonwoven layer is then subjected to a heat treatment with the proviso that the shrinkage of at least one of the fiber types is activated.
  • a single nonwoven layer is according to one embodiment of the Invention also means a layer aggregate, which consists of a plurality of identical nonwoven fabric layers is formed. So there are several identical ones Nonwoven fabric layers with identical fiber mixtures and therefore identicalshrinking properties formed on top of each other, so that a homogeneous as it were Layer aggregate arises. It is within the scope of the invention that this the Lagleggregat forming identical nonwoven fabric layers with a spinning tool and all are created on the same tray. According to this embodiment also forms such a layer aggregate which is a single nonwoven layer, which is subsequently solidified, preferably solidified in a calender becomes.
  • the fibers of the fiber mixture is continuous fibers, which are advantageously made of thermoplastic Plastic exist.
  • the fibers of the fiber mixture is continuous fibers, which are advantageously made of thermoplastic Plastic exist.
  • After a very preferred embodiment of Invention is the only nonwoven fabric layer before solidification in the form of a homogeneous fiber mixture.
  • they are at least two Fiber types homogeneously distributed in the nonwoven fabric layer.
  • Homogeneous means in this Also related that the fibers are substantially homogeneous in the Nonwoven fabric layer are distributed. It is definitely in this context Under the invention, that with the different fiber types no different Layers or layers are formed.
  • the two types of fiber of the Fiber mixture a different shrinkage behavior in a heat treatment exhibit.
  • the fiber mixture used according to the invention So it is a shrinkable fiber mixture whose various Fiber types shrink at different temperatures.
  • the nonwoven fabric layer forming different types of fibers with a single spinning tool generated is thus after this Embodiment expediently in a spinning shaft as Mischfaserablage produced.
  • a spinning tool usually for the production of bicomponent fibers or multicomponent fibers serves.
  • the various components or the different fiber types from each different spinning openings or capillaries of the spinning tool serves.
  • An approximately equal spinning speed the different components or the different Fiber types can by varying the respective hole densities and throughputs be ensured per capillary.
  • the two types of fibers consist of different plastics.
  • at least one of the two types of fibers consists of at least a plastic from the group "polyolefin, polyester, polyamide".
  • the Both types of fibers can also consist of copolymers of these plastics.
  • the first type of fiber is a polyolefin and the second type of fiber made of a polyester.
  • the polyolefin is expediently polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • Polyester is preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • a Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a Fiber type of the fiber mixture consists of polypropylene and that the second Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) fiber type.
  • PBT Polybutylene terephthalate
  • the first type of fiber of the fiber mixture polyethylene and the second type of fiber of the polypropylene fiber blend is the first type of fiber of the fiber mixture polyethylene and the second type of fiber of the polypropylene fiber blend.
  • the fibers used for the fiber mixture are preferably to monofilaments. In principle, however, it is also within the scope of the invention that one type of fiber of the fiber mixture of multi-component fibers or multi-component filaments and in particular bicomponent fibers or bicomponent filaments. The use of monofilaments for but the two or for all fiber types of the fiber mixture is preferred.
  • the two types of fiber of the fiber mixture a different shrinkage behavior during a heat treatment exhibit. Due to appropriate selection of the raw material for the fibers and / or by adjusting the spinning conditions, the different Fiber components have different shrinkage potentials in a given Temperature range on.
  • a Calender roll or a Kalanderwalzencru is used for solidification.
  • a calender roll or calender roll pair is used, the engraving points with engraving point intervals over 1.5 mm, preferably over 2.5 mm. According to a preferred embodiment it is this is about average engraving point distances.
  • the heat treatment the solidified nonwoven layer with the aid of a heated or heated fluid carried out.
  • the heat treatment by means of hot air done.
  • the heat treatment in a hot air oven be performed.
  • a drum dryer can be used come.
  • the invention is based on the finding that with the inventive Process produced in a simple and inexpensive way voluminous nonwovens which are characterized by excellent properties. This gives relatively thick and voluminous nonwovens with excellent textile handle. It should be emphasized that the procedure on proportionate inexpensive way can be done and thus also distinguish the manufactured nonwovens by cost-effectiveness.

Abstract

To produce a nonwoven fabric, a mixture of at least two different types of synthetic fibers is formed as a layer. The fiber layers are bonded together into a single layer, by a calender, for subsequent heat treatment to shrink at least one type of fiber using hot air. The two fiber types are produced from a single spinner.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vliesstoffes wobei eine Vliesstofflage aus einem Fasergemisch aus zumindest zwei unterschiedlichen Faserarten gebildet wird. - Bei den Fasern handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Filamente aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff.The invention relates to a method for producing a nonwoven fabric a nonwoven fabric layer of a fiber mixture of at least two different ones Fiber types is formed. - The fibers are preferably around filaments made of thermoplastic material.

Aus der Praxis sind eine Vielzahl von Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vliesstoffen bekannt. Wenn Vliesstoffe mit hoher Festigkeit und hoher Steifigkeit erzeugt werden, zeichnen sich diese Vliesstoffe in der Regel durch eine relativ geringe Dicke aus. Mit anderen Worten sind diese Vliesstoffe nur verhältnismäßig wenig voluminös und weisen deshalb oftmals einen ungenügenden textilen Griff auf. Spezielle Verfahrensschritte zur Vergrößerung der Dicke bzw. des Volumens, wie beispielsweise das Vernadeln des Vliesstoffes sind vor allem bei den im Hygienebereich typischen leichten Vliesprodukten unwirtschaftlich.In practice, a variety of processes for the production of nonwovens known. When nonwoven fabrics with high strength and high rigidity produced, these nonwovens are usually characterized by a relative small thickness. In other words, these nonwovens are only relatively less voluminous and therefore often have an insufficient textile handle on. Special process steps to increase the thickness or the volume, such as needling of the nonwoven fabric are present especially in the case of the hygiene products typical light fleece products uneconomical.

Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, mit dem auf einfache und wenig aufwendige Weise das Volumen bzw. die Dicke eines Vliesstoffes erhöht werden kann.The invention is based on the technical problem of a method of the initially specify the type mentioned, with the simple and inexpensive Way the volume or the thickness of a nonwoven fabric can be increased.

Zur Lösung dieses technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vliesstoffes,
wobei eine Vliesstofflage aus einem Fasergemisch aus zumindest zwei unterschiedlichen Faserarten gebildet wird,
wobei diese einzige Vliesstofflage verfestigt wird
und wobei die verfestigte einzige Vliesstofflage anschließend einer Wärmebehandlung mit der Maßgabe unterzogen wird, dass die Schrumpfung zumindest einer der Faserarten aktiviert wird.To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches a method for producing a nonwoven fabric,
wherein a nonwoven fabric layer is formed from a fiber mixture of at least two different fiber types,
wherein this single nonwoven layer is solidified
and wherein the solidified single nonwoven layer is then subjected to a heat treatment with the proviso that the shrinkage of at least one of the fiber types is activated.

Mit dem Begriff "eine einzige Vliesstofflage" ist nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung auch ein Lagenaggregat gemeint, das aus einer Mehrzahl von identischen Vliesstofflagen gebildet wird. Es werden also mehrere identische Vliesstofflagen mit identischen Fasergemischen und somit identischen Schrumpfeigenschaften übereinander gebildet, so dass ein gleichsam homogenes Lagenaggregat entsteht. Dabei liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass diese das Lageaggregat bildenden identischen Vliesstofflagen mit einem Spinnwerkzeug und alle auf der selben Ablage erzeugt werden. Gemäß dieser Ausführungsform bildet auch ein solches Lagenaggregat die eine einzige Vliesstofflage, die anschließend verfestigt wird, vorzugsweise in einem Kalander verfestigt wird.The term "a single nonwoven layer" is according to one embodiment of the Invention also means a layer aggregate, which consists of a plurality of identical nonwoven fabric layers is formed. So there are several identical ones Nonwoven fabric layers with identical fiber mixtures and therefore identical Shrinking properties formed on top of each other, so that a homogeneous as it were Layer aggregate arises. It is within the scope of the invention that this the Lagleggregat forming identical nonwoven fabric layers with a spinning tool and all are created on the same tray. According to this embodiment also forms such a layer aggregate which is a single nonwoven layer, which is subsequently solidified, preferably solidified in a calender becomes.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass es sich bei den Fasern des Fasergemisches um Endlosfasern handelt, die zweckmäßigerweise aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff bestehen. Nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung liegt die einzige Vliesstofflage vor der Verfestigung in Form eines homogenen Fasergemisches vor. Mit anderen Worten sind die zumindest zwei Faserarten homogen in der Vliesstofflage verteilt. Homogen meint in diesem Zusammenhang auch, dass die Fasern im Wesentlichen homogen in der Vliesstofflage verteilt sind. Es liegt in diesem Zusammenhang auf jeden Fall im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass mit den unterschiedlichen Faserarten keine verschiedenen Schichten bzw. Lagen gebildet werden.It is within the scope of the invention that it is the fibers of the fiber mixture is continuous fibers, which are advantageously made of thermoplastic Plastic exist. After a very preferred embodiment of Invention is the only nonwoven fabric layer before solidification in the form of a homogeneous fiber mixture. In other words, they are at least two Fiber types homogeneously distributed in the nonwoven fabric layer. Homogeneous means in this Also related that the fibers are substantially homogeneous in the Nonwoven fabric layer are distributed. It is definitely in this context Under the invention, that with the different fiber types no different Layers or layers are formed.

Es liegt fernerhin im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die beiden Faserarten des Fasergemisches ein unterschiedliches Schrumpfverhalten bei einer Wärmebehandlung aufweisen. Bei dem erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Fasergemisch handelt es sich also um ein schrumpffähiges Fasergemisch, dessen verschiedene Faserarten bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen schrumpfen.It is further within the scope of the invention that the two types of fiber of the Fiber mixture a different shrinkage behavior in a heat treatment exhibit. In the case of the fiber mixture used according to the invention So it is a shrinkable fiber mixture whose various Fiber types shrink at different temperatures.

Nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die die Vliesstofflage bildenden unterschiedlichen Faserarten mit einem einzigen Spinnwerkzeug erzeugt. Eine erfindungsgemäße Vliesstofflage wird also nach dieser Ausführungsform zweckmäßigerweise in einem Spinnschacht als Mischfaserablage hergestellt. Nach besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird im Rahmen dieser Ausführungsform ein Spinnwerkzeug eingesetzt, das normalerweise zur Herstellung von Bikomponentenfasern bzw. Mehrkomponentenfasern dient. Dabei treten die verschiedenen Komponenten bzw. die unterschiedlichen Faserarten aus jeweils unterschiedlichen Spinnöffnungen bzw. Kapillaren des Spinnwerkzeuges aus. Eine in etwa gleiche Spinngeschwindigkeit der unterschiedlichen Komponenten bzw. der unterschiedlichen Faserarten kann durch Variation der jeweiligen Lochdichten und der Durchsätze pro Kapillare sichergestellt werden.After a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven fabric layer forming different types of fibers with a single spinning tool generated. A nonwoven fabric layer according to the invention is thus after this Embodiment expediently in a spinning shaft as Mischfaserablage produced. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is used in the context of this embodiment, a spinning tool, usually for the production of bicomponent fibers or multicomponent fibers serves. Here are the various components or the different fiber types from each different spinning openings or capillaries of the spinning tool. An approximately equal spinning speed the different components or the different Fiber types can by varying the respective hole densities and throughputs be ensured per capillary.

Es liegt weiter im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die beiden Faserarten aus unterschiedlichen Kunststoffen bestehen. Nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht zumindest eine der beiden Faserarten aus zumindest einem Kunststoff aus der Gruppe "Polyolefin, Polyester, Polyamid". Die beiden Faserarten können auch aus Copolymeren dieser Kunststoffe bestehen. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform besteht die erste Faserart aus einem Polyolefin und die zweite Faserart aus einem Polyester. Bei dem Polyolefin handelt es sich zweckmäßigerweise um Polyethylen oder um Polypropylen. Bei dem Polyester handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) oder um Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT). Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht eine Faserart des Fasergemisches aus Polypropylen und besteht die zweite Faserart des Fasergemisches aus Polyethylenterephthalat (PET). Eine andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Faserart des Fasergemisches aus Polypropylen besteht und das die zweite Faserart aus Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT) besteht. Gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht die erste Faserart des Fasergemisches aus Polyethylen und die zweite Faserart des Fasergemisches aus Polypropylen.It is further within the scope of the invention that the two types of fibers consist of different plastics. According to a very preferred embodiment According to the invention, at least one of the two types of fibers consists of at least a plastic from the group "polyolefin, polyester, polyamide". The Both types of fibers can also consist of copolymers of these plastics. In one embodiment, the first type of fiber is a polyolefin and the second type of fiber made of a polyester. The polyolefin is expediently polyethylene or polypropylene. In which Polyester is preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). According to one embodiment of the invention is a type of fiber of the fiber mixture of polypropylene and consists of the second type of fiber of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber blend. A Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a Fiber type of the fiber mixture consists of polypropylene and that the second Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) fiber type. According to another Embodiment of the invention is the first type of fiber of the fiber mixture polyethylene and the second type of fiber of the polypropylene fiber blend.

Bei den für das Fasergemisch eingesetzten Fasern handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Monofilamente. Grundsätzlich liegt es aber auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass eine Faserart des Fasergemisches aus Mehrkomponentenfasern bzw. Mehrkomponentenfilamenten und insbesondere aus Bikomponentenfasern bzw. Bikomponentenfilamenten besteht. Der Einsatz von Monofilamenten für die beiden bzw. für alle Faserarten des Fasergemisches ist aber bevorzugt.The fibers used for the fiber mixture are preferably to monofilaments. In principle, however, it is also within the scope of the invention that one type of fiber of the fiber mixture of multi-component fibers or multi-component filaments and in particular bicomponent fibers or bicomponent filaments. The use of monofilaments for but the two or for all fiber types of the fiber mixture is preferred.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die beiden Faserarten des Fasergemisches ein unterschiedliches Schrumpfverhalten bei einer Wärmebehandlung aufweisen. Aufgrund entsprechender Auswahl des Rohstoffes für die Fasern und/oder durch Einstellung der Spinnbedingungen weisen die verschiedenen Faserkomponenten unterschiedliche Schrumpfpotentiale in einem bestimmten Temperaturbereich auf.It is within the scope of the invention that the two types of fiber of the fiber mixture a different shrinkage behavior during a heat treatment exhibit. Due to appropriate selection of the raw material for the fibers and / or by adjusting the spinning conditions, the different Fiber components have different shrinkage potentials in a given Temperature range on.

Nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform, der im Rahmen der Erfindung ganz besondere Bedeutung zukommt wird die einzige Vliesstofflage mit einem Kalander verfestigt. Es liegt dabei im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass eine Kalanderwalze bzw. ein Kalanderwalzenpaar zur Verfestigung verwendet wird. Vorzugsweise wird mit einer Kalanderwalze bzw. Kalanderwalzenpaar gearbeitet, das Gravurpunkte mit Gravurpunktabständen über 1,5 mm, vorzugsweise über 2,5 mm aufweist. Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform handelt es sich dabei um mittlere Gravurpunktabstände. After a very preferred embodiment, in the context of the invention entirely special significance is the only nonwoven fabric layer with a Calender solidifies. It is within the scope of the invention that a Calender roll or a Kalanderwalzenpaar is used for solidification. Preferably, a calender roll or calender roll pair is used, the engraving points with engraving point intervals over 1.5 mm, preferably over 2.5 mm. According to a preferred embodiment it is this is about average engraving point distances.

Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die Wärmebehandlung der verfestigten Vliesstofflage mit Hilfe eines erwärmten bzw. erhitzten Fluids durchgeführt. Zweckmäßigerweise wird die Wärmebehandlung mit Hilfe von heißer Luft vollzogen. Insoweit kann die Wärmebehandlung in einem Heißluftofen durchgeführt werden. Zum Einsatz kann beispielsweise ein Trommeltrockner kommen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the heat treatment the solidified nonwoven layer with the aid of a heated or heated fluid carried out. Conveniently, the heat treatment by means of hot air done. In that regard, the heat treatment in a hot air oven be performed. For example, a drum dryer can be used come.

Bei der Wärmebehandlung wird die unterschiedliche Schrumpfung beider Faserarten ausgenutzt. Dabei zieht die Faserkomponente mit dem höheren Schrumpf die Gravurpunkte bzw. Verbindungspunkte zusammen, während die Faserkomponente mit dem kleineren Schrumpf gleichsam in die Dicke ausweichen muss.In the heat treatment, the different shrinkage of both Exploited fiber types. The fiber component pulls with the higher Shrink the engraving points or connection points together while the Dodge the fiber component with the smaller shrinkage as it were in the thickness got to.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auf einfache und wenig aufwendige Weise voluminöse Vliese hergestellt werden können, die sich durch hervorragende Eigenschaften auszeichnen. Man erhält verhältnismäßig dicke und voluminöse Vliesstoffe mit ausgezeichnetem textilen Griff. Hervorzuheben ist, dass das Verfahren auf verhältnismäßig kostengünstige Weise durchgeführt werden kann und sich somit auch die hergestellten Vliesstoffe durch Kostengünstigkeit auszeichnen.The invention is based on the finding that with the inventive Process produced in a simple and inexpensive way voluminous nonwovens which are characterized by excellent properties. This gives relatively thick and voluminous nonwovens with excellent textile handle. It should be emphasized that the procedure on proportionate inexpensive way can be done and thus also distinguish the manufactured nonwovens by cost-effectiveness.

Claims (8)

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vliesstoffes, wobei eine Vliesstofflage aus einem Fasergemisch aus zumindest zwei unterschiedlichen Faserarten gebildet wird, wobei die einzige Vliesstofflage verfestigt wird und wobei die verfestigte einzige Vliesstofflage anschließend einer Wärmebehandlung mit der Maßgabe unterzogen wird, dass die Schrumpfung zumindest einer der Faserarten aktiviert wird.A process for producing a nonwoven fabric, wherein a nonwoven fabric layer a fiber mixture of at least two different types of fibers formed wherein the single nonwoven layer is solidified and the solidified single nonwoven layer then a heat treatment with the proviso undergoing shrinkage activates at least one of the fiber types becomes. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die die Vliesstofflage bildenden unterschiedlichen Faserarten mit einem einzigen Spinnwerkzeug erzeugt werden.The method of claim 1, wherein the nonwoven layer forming different Fiber types are produced with a single spinning tool. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei die beiden Faserarten aus unterschiedlichen Kunststoffen bestehen.Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the two types of fibers consist of different plastics. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei zumindest eine der beiden Faserarten aus zumindest einem Kunststoff aus der Gruppe "Polyolefin, Polyester, Polyamid" besteht.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one of two types of fiber of at least one plastic from the group "polyolefin, Polyester, polyamide "exists. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die einzige Vliesstofflage mit einem Kalander verfestigt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the single nonwoven fabric layer is solidified with a calender. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, wobei mit einer Kalanderwalze bzw. mit einem Kalanderwalzenpaar gearbeitet wird, das mittlere Gravurpunktabstände über 1,5 mm, vorzugsweise über 2,5 mm aufweist.The method of claim 5, wherein with a calender roll or with a Calender roller pair is worked, the average engraving point distances over 1.5 mm, preferably over 2.5 mm. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Wärmebehandlung mit zumindest einem erhitzten Fluid durchgeführt wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat treatment is performed with at least one heated fluid. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, wobei es sich bei dem erhitzten Fluid um Heißluft handelt.The method of claim 7, wherein the heated fluid is hot air is.
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