EP1538804A1 - Verfahren zum Verringern des Transportvolumens von Daten in Datennetzen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Verringern des Transportvolumens von Daten in Datennetzen Download PDFInfo
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- EP1538804A1 EP1538804A1 EP04027953A EP04027953A EP1538804A1 EP 1538804 A1 EP1538804 A1 EP 1538804A1 EP 04027953 A EP04027953 A EP 04027953A EP 04027953 A EP04027953 A EP 04027953A EP 1538804 A1 EP1538804 A1 EP 1538804A1
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- message digest
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
- G06F16/957—Browsing optimisation, e.g. caching or content distillation
- G06F16/9574—Browsing optimisation, e.g. caching or content distillation of access to content, e.g. by caching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/12—Applying verification of the received information
- H04L63/123—Applying verification of the received information received data contents, e.g. message integrity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/04—Protocols specially adapted for terminals or networks with limited capabilities; specially adapted for terminal portability
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
- H04L67/288—Distributed intermediate devices, i.e. intermediate devices for interaction with other intermediate devices on the same level
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/565—Conversion or adaptation of application format or content
- H04L67/5651—Reducing the amount or size of exchanged application data
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for reducing the Transport volume of data in data networks, with one of Data source to a client over a transmission path already transmitted content data at the client for later Reuse in the manner of the so-called caching method be cached.
- Such a procedure is over EP 1 308 853 A1.
- the cache invalidation time becomes an expiration date used, which is assigned to the copy of the data. After this Expiration date, the copy is considered obsolete.
- These Method is used in the World Wide Web HTTP protocol practiced by setting the expiration date with the optional "Expires" header field (e.g., Expires: Wed. 31 Dec 2003 18:00:00 GMT). It will then be the URL and expiration date compared. It should be noted that this method is not a general solution to the cache consistency problem is, but an agreement between forms the user and the provider of data, the Provider ensures that the original until the expiration date is not changed or that in its change before the Expiration date does not have a negative impact by using the outdated copy arise, i. the data is outdated, but not invalid.
- the location-dependent cache invalidation is from the article of Zheng, J. Xu, D.L. Lee: "Cache Invalidation and Replacement Strategies for Location Dependent Data in Mobile Environments " in IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol.51, No.10, October 2002, pages 1141-1153 have been proposed.
- These Method considers the case of a mobile user known geographic location for which the data is only then be regarded as valid if it is within a certain geographical area. For example the query for the "nearest restaurant" is given. The result of this query is quite unique Location of the user. Once the user moves in one In the area where another restaurant is closer, then the result is no longer valid.
- the client When active validation is applied by the client, the client is responsible for validating the copy each time when the copy is accessed. He contacted therefore the server that contains the original data and asks on whether the original data since the date on which the copy has been modified. To this end The cache instance saves this time with the copy.
- this method is always there applied where a client has a special procedure, usually GET, and uses it by an "If-Modified-Since" header under one condition. (e.g., If-Modified-Since: Thu, 27 Mar 2003 11:20:00 GMT). If the document has since specified Time has changed, the server gives the new version free. If it has not changed, gives the server an error code (304) that tells the client that the Copy is still valid.
- the method of invalidation by inquiry requires that the server keeps track of all copies that have been made. Whenever the original data has been changed, reports the server, i. the data source, active on request all instances, the copies hold that a newer version exists is. This method is within the HTTP protocol unrealized.
- FIG. 1 shows this case by way of example with two different ones URLs and identical, dynamically generated Content.
- the invention is based on the object, in process, in which already transferred from a data source to a client Data at the client for later reuse buffer-stored in the manner of the so-called caching method the actuality or the synchronicity of the caching memory stored data with those of the data source to ensure where no cooperation of the operators of the data sources necessary is.
- this object is achieved in advantageous Manner solved that in a proxy server from the on a request from the client issued by a data source Response data similar to a checksum a message digest is formed that this message digest in this Proxy server is checked by comparing whether already before a matching message digest in this Proxy server has been saved for that client is that if already a matching message digest for that client in this proxy server is stored, the client of this proxy server together sent a short response message with the message digest which indicates the fact that the content data there in the cache memory of the client or a the Client-assigned proxies can be found, the the Message digest as a key to discover the content data used from its cache memory and these to the Client delivers, in which then presents the content data and that only if that in the data source assigned proxy server during the comparative review the message digest determines that there is no match, previously stored message digest available is, in response to the client, the full content data including the message digest, where the content data together
- the method according to the invention allows the end user and / or the operator of access networks, these more efficiently exploit and thus save time and money, which in particular in mobile networks is very important.
- the method according to the invention comprises a special working architecture, Algorithms and protocols, their combination the task above all also with typical mobile ones Solves scenarios.
- the effects of the procedure are above all assuming that for a wireless Access link the communication capacity significantly lower and the waiting time is considerably higher than within a subsequent core network.
- the client can be very advantageous with its proxy structurally operated in a mobile wireless information terminal used for data services such as WAP or web as well all other services for mobile devices, e.g. Mobile phones, PDAs or laptops is accessible.
- a mobile wireless information terminal hosted proxy of the client and the proxy server either over a public mobile network or over a resident proxy that uses a short-range radio system, such as. Bluetooth or W-LAN, communicating with the client's proxy and a public landline to which both the resident proxy as well as that associated with the data source Proxy servers are connected.
- a short-range radio system such as. Bluetooth or W-LAN
- three mobile wireless information terminals WID a , WID b and WID c are provided which each contain a client application CA and a mobile proxy MP in the relevant device structure.
- the client information terminals WID a , WID b and WID c can be, for example, mobile phones, PDAs or laptops and are all connected by radio.
- the mobile proxy MP of the first client information terminal WID a communicates via a Bluetooth short-distance radio link BT with a resident proxy RP of a local service LSP i .
- the mobile proxy MP of the second client information terminal WID b communicates via a Bluetooth short-distance radio system BT with the resident proxy RP of the local service LSP i and via a wireless LAN in accordance with IEEE 802.11 with the resident proxy RP of a second local service LSP j ,
- the third client information terminal WID c reaches with its mobile proxy MP no local office, but communicates via a public land-based mobile network, which has GPRS functionality in the architectural example, directly with a central proxy server CP, the three different server applications SA with queryable data sources on three host servers SA host p , SA host q and SA Host r associated and connected to them via lines.
- the two local access nodes LSP i and LSP j with their resident proxies RP are also connected via lines to this central proxy server CP.
- a situation statistics server SSS is connected to the central proxy CP.
- the client application CA and the mobile proxy MP are structurally on the same device, so it's assumed can be achieved here that achieves high data transmission rates whereas, between the mobile proxy MP and the resident proxy RP the connection due to the property of the wireless medium always slower than all other connections is.
- These different data transfer rates and Waiting times are indicated in FIG. 4 and FIG.
- References are events or steps from there Interest with corresponding numbers framed by a circle marked, e.g. with 1 ⁇ in the text and in the figures.
- the client application CA issues a data transfer request Req 1 to the mobile proxy MP located on the same device.
- the mobile proxy MP contains a single identity ID WID identifying the wireless information terminal WID in the header, and at 2 ⁇ forwards the request Req 1 via a short-range wireless communication to the resident proxy RP to an accessible local access point LSP.
- the request Req 1 is forwarded unchanged at 3 ⁇ to the central proxy CP, which in turn forwards 4 ⁇ the request Req 1 to the actual server application SA at 5 ⁇ . If no local service LSP should be accessible, the resident proxy RP is skipped and the request Req 1 is forwarded via a public mobile network and the appropriate accesses directly to the central proxy CP at 4 ⁇ .
- the server application SA receives at 4 ⁇ and decomposes the request Req 1 at 5 ⁇ , generates the response Resp 1 with the requested data and starts to send these data, which in the example is the data of an image, to the central proxy CP .
- the identity ID WID in the response Resp 1 since all communications between them are connection-oriented. The answer Resp 1 is therefore automatically connected to the corresponding request.
- HTTP also uses connectionless (for example, UDP) or message-oriented (e.g., e-mail) channels between proxies can be transported.
- connectionless for example, UDP
- message-oriented e.g., e-mail
- the central proxy CP at 6 ⁇ waits until the complete response Resp 1 has arrived.
- the central proxy CP then calculates the message digest of the data included in the response Resp 1 .
- the central proxy CP at 6 ⁇ includes the message digest MD in the list and in the response header and sends the complete response Resp 1 to the resident proxy RP.
- the resident proxy RP does not perform any operation on the data or headers.
- the process 7 ⁇ starts immediately to forward the data flow from the resident proxy RP to the mobile proxy MP.
- the communication between the resident proxy RP and the mobile proxy MP is relatively slow, as previously mentioned. Therefore, the incoming data from the central proxy CP must be queued.
- the client application CA Upon arrival of the beginning bytes of the response Resp 1 at the mobile proxy MP at 8 ⁇ , it is started to forward them to the client application CA.
- This connection is usually the fastest in the transmission chain, because it is transported by inter-process communication within a device. Therefore, usually no or only short queues must be established.
- the included message digest MD is stored in a table along with the potential later reuse response data. This forms the current caching operation.
- the full response Resp 1 is forwarded to the client application CA at 9 ⁇ .
- the client application CA can present the results to the user or analyze the document description for references that indicate embedded objects.
- the client application CA is to issue a further data transmission request Req k .
- the steps 1 ⁇ to 4 ⁇ which relate to the processing of a request Req k , are identical to the previously explained case of Fig.1.
- the events take place in such a way that the data contained at 5 ⁇ in the response Resp k is an exact copy, ie the same image in the example shown, which is previously transported to the wireless information terminal WID.
- MD ( Resp 1 ) is sent at 6 ⁇ from the central proxy server CP to the resident proxy RP, forwarded at 7 ⁇ from the resident proxy RP to the mobile proxy MP and received at 8 ⁇ at the mobile proxy MP.
- the mobile proxy MP uses the message digest MD ( Resp 1 ) as a key to retrieve the data from its cache and delivers it as full Resp 1 to the client application CA, where the content is then 9 ⁇ in the example in the form of Picture is presented.
Abstract
Description
- Fig.1
- anhand eines Blockschaltbildes den bekannten und bereits vorher geschilderten Fall eines Beispiels mit zwei unterschiedlichen URLs und dabei identischem, dynamisch erzeugten Content,
- Fig.2
- anhand eines Blockschaltbildes den ebenfalls bekannten und vorher auch schon abgehandelten Fall eines Beispiels mit zwei unterschiedlichen URLs und dabei identischem, statisch erzeugten Content,
- Fig.3
- in einem schematischen Blockschaltbild ein Beispiel einer vollen Architektur eines Systems zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach der Erfindung,
- Fig.4
- den Verlauf eines Hash-Protokolls zur Benutzung beim Verfahren nach der Erfindung, falls vorher noch kein identischer Content von einer Server-Anwendung zu einer Client-Anwendung übertragen worden ist,
- Fig.5
- den Verlauf eines Hash-Protokolls zum Einsatz beim Verfahren nach der Erfindung, falls vorher bereits ein identischer Content von der Server-Anwendung zur Client-Anwendung mit Cache übertragen worden ist, und
- Fig.6
- in einer graphischen Funktionsdarstellung die Abhängigkeit der Zeitdauer der Hash-Berechnung, also der Message-Digest-Berechnungszeit, von der Datenlänge für die in Tabelle 1 angegebenen Realisierungsfälle bei Anwendung zweier verschiedener Message-Digestion-Algorithmen, nämlich MD5 und SHA-1.
Host-Server (SA) | Prozessor | Arbeitsspeicher | Betriebssystem |
onyx | Pentium IV 2 GHz | 512 MByte | MS Windows 2000 |
carla | Pentium IV 2 GHz | 512 MByte | Linux 2.4 |
goldeneye | UltraSPARC-IIe 500 MHz | 2048 MByte | SunOS 5.8 |
- BT
- Bluetooth-Funkstrecke
- CA
- Client-Anwendung
- CP
- Zentraler Proxy-Server
- GPRS
- Mobilfunknetz mit GPRS
- LSPi, LSPj
- Lokale Dienststelle
- MD
- Message-Digest
- MP
- Mobiler Proxy
- RP
- Residenter Proxy
- Req1, Reqk
- Anfrage
- Resp1, Respk
- Antwort
- SA
- Server-Anwendung
- SA Hostp, SA Hostq,SA Hostr
- Host-Server
- SSS
- Situationsstatistik-Server
- W-LAN
- W-LAN-Funkstrecke (IEEE 802.11)
- WIDa, WIDb, WIDc
- Drahtloses Informationsendgerät
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zum Verringern des Transportvolumens von Daten in Datennetzen, wobei von einer Datenquelle (SA) zu einem Client (CA) über einen Übertragungsweg bereits übertragene Content-Daten beim Client (CA) für eine spätere Wiederbenutzung nach Art des sogenannten Caching-Verfahrens zwischengespeichert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem Proxy-Server (CP) aus den auf eine Anfrage (Req) des Clients (CA) von einer Datenquelle (SA) ausgegebenen Antwortdaten (Resp) ähnlich einer Prüfsummenbildung durch Rechnung ein Message-Digest (MD) gebildet wird, dass dieser Message-Digest (MD) in diesem Proxy-Server (CP) durch Vergleichen dahingehend überprüft wird, ob bereits vorher ein übereinstimmender Message-Digest (MD) in diesem Proxy-Server (CP) für den betreffenden Client (CA) gespeichert worden ist, dass dann, wenn bereits ein übereinstimmender Message-Digest (MD) für den betreffenden Client (CA) in diesem Proxy-Server (CP) eingespeichert ist, dem Client (CA) von diesem Proxy-Server (CP) zusammen mit dem Message-Digest (MD) eine kurze Antwortmeldung (HIT) übermittelt wird, welche die Tatsache signalisiert, dass die Content-Daten dort im Cache-Speicher eines diesem Client (CA) zugeordneten Proxys (MP) gefunden werden können, der den Message-Digest (MD) als einen Schlüssel zum Aufspüren der Content-Daten aus seinem Cache-Speicher benutzt und diese an den Client (CA) liefert, bei welchem die Content-Daten dann präsentiert werden, und dass nur dann, wenn in dem der Datenquelle (SA) zugeordneten Proxy-Server (CP) bei der vergleichenden Überprüfung des Message-Digests (MD) festgestellt wird, dass dort kein übereinstimmender, vorher eingespeicherter Message-Digest (MD) vorhanden ist, als Antwort zum Client (CA) die vollständigen Content-Daten einschließlich dem Message-Digest (MD) übertragen werden, wobei die Content-Daten zusammen mit dem einer späteren Identifizierung als Schlüssel dienenden Message-Digest (MD) im Cache-Speicher des dem Empfänger (CA) zugeordneten Proxys (MP) gespeichert werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Message-Digestion-Algorithmus in dem der Datenquelle (SA) zugeordneten Proxy-Server (CP) bei der vergleichenden Überprüfung des Message-Digests (MD) mit Hashing-Funktionalität der MD5- oder SHA-1-Algorithmus eingesetzt wird, die einen schnellen Vergleich von Daten auf Gleichheit hin erleichtern.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Client (CA) mit seinem Proxy (MP) in einem mobilen drahtlosen Informationsendgerät (WID) betrieben wird, das für Datendienste wie z.B. WAP oder Web verwendbar ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kommunikation zwischen dem im mobilen drahtlosen Informationsendgerät (WID) untergebrachten Proxy (MP) des Clients (CA) und dem der Datenquelle (SA) zugeordneten Proxy-Server (CP) entweder über ein öffentliches Mobilfunknetz oder über einen residenten Proxy (RP), der über eine Kurzstreckenfunkstrecke, wie z.B. Bluetooth oder W-LAN, mit dem Proxy des Clients (CA) kommuniziert, und ein öffentliches Festnetz, an welches sowohl der residente Proxy (RP) als auch der Proxy-Server (CP) angebunden sind, vorgenommen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mobile Proxy (MP) in die Client-Anwendung (CA) integriert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zentrale Proxy-Server (CP) in die Server-Anwendung (SA) integriert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Zentralen Proxy-Server (CP) statistische Daten erfasst werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10356724A DE10356724B3 (de) | 2003-12-02 | 2003-12-02 | Verfahren zum Verringern des Transportvolumens von Daten in Datennetzen |
DE10356724 | 2003-12-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1538804A1 true EP1538804A1 (de) | 2005-06-08 |
EP1538804B1 EP1538804B1 (de) | 2011-05-18 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04027953A Not-in-force EP1538804B1 (de) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-11-25 | Verfahren zum Verringern des Transportvolumens von Daten in Datennetzen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050117558A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1538804B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE510394T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10356724B3 (de) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050117558A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
DE10356724B3 (de) | 2005-06-16 |
ATE510394T1 (de) | 2011-06-15 |
EP1538804B1 (de) | 2011-05-18 |
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