EP1992904A2 - Method for monitoring the status of an intelligent weapon and intelligent weapon - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves producing a condition image of an intelligent weapon (1), where resulting data of a function test of the weapon are stored in a data memory (10). Another condition image of the weapon is produced in a temporal distance to produce a previous condition image, where another resulting data of the test are determined and stored in the memory. The both resulting data are compared, and differences and trends in the individual resulting data are determined. A remaining duration and the maintenance requirement are determined based on results of comparison and determination.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a method for condition monitoring of an intelligent weapon as well as an intelligent weapon.

STATE OF THE ART

During the manufacture of intelligent weapons, for example of cruise missiles, quality inspections are always carried out right through to the final product inspection test, during which individual parameters are checked against specified threshold values and to specified tolerances. These predetermined thresholds and tolerances are usually derived from design specifications. Such a final acceptance test is for example in the DE 10 2004 042 990 A1 described.

However, it sometimes happens that the theoretically determined preset threshold values and tolerances are too tolerant. An adaptation of these predetermined thresholds and tolerances to the actual possible manufacturing accuracy during an ongoing production is usually not. Furthermore, the results of functional tests of the manufactured series missiles, which are carried out both in the inert state, ie without pyrotechnics, and in the lethal state, ie with pyrotechnics, are not archived in such a way that they are used for comparison with future test data can. The resulting measurement data are currently neither processed nor stored in a structured manner or systematically evaluated in order, for example To adjust thresholds and tolerances and identify any anomalous or deterioration trends that occur during manufacturing.

In a later re-examination of the intelligent weapon, for example, after a maintenance, it is therefore not possible to compare the current state of the weapon with their delivery condition.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for condition monitoring of an intelligent weapon, which reliably allows it during at least part of the life of the weapon to make a statement about the functionality and reliability of the weapon and so a deployment or maintenance requirement determine.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a corresponding intelligent weapon.

The object relating to the method is solved by the features of patent claim 1.

1. a) Erzeugen eines ersten Zustandsbilds der Waffe während der Fertigung der Waffe, wobei Ergebnisdaten zumindest eines Funktionstests der Waffe ermittelt und in einem Datenspeicher gespeichert werden;
2. b) Erzeugen von zumindest einem weiteren Zustandsbild der Waffe in einem zeitlichen Abstand zum Erzeugen eines vorherigen Zustandsbilds, wobei Ergebnisdaten zumindest eines Funktionstests der Waffe ermittelt und in einem Datenspeicher gespeichert werden;
3. c) Vergleich der Ergebnisdaten aus Schritt b) mit den Ergebnisdaten aus zumindest einem vorherigen Schritt und Ermittlung von Unterschieden sowie von Trends in den einzelnen Ergebnisdaten;
4. d) Entscheidung über die Restnutzungsdauer und das Wartungserfordernis auf der Grundlage der Ergebnisse aus Schritt c).

The inventive method for condition monitoring of an intelligent weapon, in particular a cruise missile, has the following steps:

1. a) generating a first state image of the weapon during the manufacture of the weapon, wherein result data of at least one functional test of the weapon are determined and stored in a data memory;
2. b) generating at least one further state image of the weapon at a time interval for generating a previous state image, wherein result data of at least one functional test of the weapon are determined and stored in a data memory;
3. c) comparing the result data from step b) with the result data from at least one previous step and determining differences as well as trends in the individual result data;
4. d) decision on remaining useful life and maintenance requirement based on the results of step c).

By this method, technical status images of the weapon, for example, during production, final acceptance, use and maintenance, are determined and stored at intervals. This determination of technical state images can be done in the inert state of the weapon and also in the lethal state of the weapon. A comparison of the data stored with the technical state images can show both differences and trends in the individual result data, from which in turn a decision can be made about the remaining useful life and the maintenance requirement. The basis for this decision is therefore not the observation of the behavior of individual parameters of the weapon against theoretically defined thresholds and / or tolerances, but an observation of individual parameters of the weapon over a longer period of time and of changes in these parameters.

ADVANTAGES

For each weapon, a database of measurement and test results is created, which are determined over time on this weapon. The measurement and test data stored in this database can be prepared and systematically evaluated as needed to determine, for example, whether the weapon is ready for use or whether a performance decrease or other changes have taken place over time.

It is particularly advantageous if the steps b) and c) are repeated several times in the course of the life of the weapon, in which case in step c) the trend is determined on the basis of the current state image and the stored data of previous state images.

It is furthermore advantageous if the generation of further status images taking place in step b) takes place in a rotational or event-controlled manner. A regular generation of a further state image can be carried out, for example, in the case of maintenance that is due after a certain period of time. An event-controlled generation of a further state image can take place, for example, when the weapon is to be prepared for use after a longer storage time.

Particularly advantageous is a further development of the method according to the invention, wherein a continuous monitoring of exogenous influences acting on the weapon continues during at least one period of the life of the weapon, wherein measurement results of these influences are determined and stored in the data memory, and wherein the immediate measurement results and / or the measurement results are compared with given data taking into account their duration of action on the weapon and the decision on the remaining useful life and the maintenance requirement also takes place on the basis of this comparison. This advantageous development makes it possible to monitor exogenous influences acting on a weapon, for example during a prolonged transport of the weapon into an operational area and - if the weapon has not been used there - from the operational area back to the depot to monitor and store and to decide on to use the operational capability of the weapon. In this way, it can be easily and quickly determined whether the weapon during transport or even in storage in the field has been exposed to influences such as extreme temperatures or shock loads that affect the reliability of the weapon.

Finally, it is also advantageous if, in step a), additional fault images are stored in the data memory which occurred during the production of the weapon, in particular during its functional tests. In step b), additional error images can be stored in the data memory which have occurred during the life of the intelligent weapon, in particular during functional tests occurring there. The logging of such error images and If appropriate, also remedial actions assigned by these error images, provides an empirical knowledge that years later even in the case of troubleshooting a defective weapon can accelerate the finding and fixing of a fault.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized in that the result data in step a) are stored alternatively or additionally in a central database on an external data memory, wherein in this central database the result data are stored by a plurality of intelligent weapons. This creates the opportunity for a variety of similar intelligent weapons to store a central database with measurement and test results and possibly also with fault images, thereby providing an overview not only on the results of a smart weapon, but a number of similar intelligent weapons, a so-called Weapon parks.

It is also advantageous if this central data storage not only during the manufacture of the weapon, but - alternatively or additionally - during the life of the weapon.

It is also particularly advantageous if these data recorded for a large number of similar intelligent weapons in the central database are evaluated in such a way that similar result data of individual weapons are compared with one another on the basis of the result data of a plurality of intelligent weapons stored in the central database On the basis of this comparison of the individual result data, empirical threshold values are determined as tolerance limits. In this way, a statistical evaluation of corresponding measurement and test results of a number of similar types of intelligent weapons can be performed and based on this statistical analysis, an adjustment of the thresholds for tolerances of individual measurement and test values can be performed to originally theoretically determined thresholds to adjust the reality.

The object of the present invention directed to the intelligent weapon is solved by the features of claim 10. The provision of a data store in the intelligent weapon makes it possible to store state parameters as result data from functional tests, starting with the production of the weapon during the life of the weapon, and thus to create a test or test data history for this weapon, which is always carried by the weapon.

It is also advantageous if the weapon can be provided with an external data acquisition device, which can be decoupled from this for the operational use of the weapon and which is connected to the data memory of the weapon for data transmission in the coupled state. This data acquisition device need not be attached to the entire life of the weapon on this, but can be attached to the weapon if necessary. Thus, for example, it may be sufficient to store the weapon during the time of depot storage without data acquisition device, and to provide the weapon during transport or during storage in a field of application with the data acquisition device to determine the weapon from the outside acting parameters and data storage save.

The data acquisition device can advantageously have sensors for detecting the temperature, the humidity, vibration loads and / or shock loads, the measurement results supplied by these sensors are transmitted to the data storage for storage and stored there, for example, in an event database.

It is also advantageous if the weapon has a computer that evaluates the stored measurement results of the sensors as part of a system test of the weapon and thereby make a decision on the usability and / or the remaining useful life of the weapon. This computer can be, for example, the central weapon computer.

Advantageously, the computer determines based on the stored measurement results of the sensors and / or the stored state parameters a probability of failure of the weapon, this probability of failure or derived therefrom "GO / NOGO" decision is displayed on the weapon or on a test device connected to the weapon ,

The data acquisition device thus detects environmental influences acting on the weapon, the evaluation of these stored environmental influences, but also the state parameters stored in the weapon being carried out by the weapon's own computer over the previous life of the weapon and the remaining useful life and / or the probability of failure of the computer Weapon is detected and reproduced.

It is created both by the method of the present invention, as well as by the intelligent weapon of the invention, a closed chain of information to a weapon that over the entire life cycle of the weapon, so from development through production and storage to use, extensive Information weapon-individually holds and provides for evaluations regarding the availability and the remaining life of the weapon. Such a closed information chain allows a simple lifecycle ammunition management.

The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawing; in this, the single figure shows a schematic representation of the data flow in the inventive method with an intelligent weapon according to the invention.

PRESENTATION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the data flow in carrying out the inventive method with an intelligent weapon according to the invention. The intelligent weapon 1 is formed in the embodiment as a cruise missile, which has an on-board data memory 10. The data store 10 is connected to an on-board computer 12, such as the weapon control computer. An external data output device 14, which may be formed for example by a printer, a screen or a portable computer, is connected to the on-board computer 12.

Furthermore, the intelligent weapon 1 is provided with an external data acquisition device 2. The data acquisition device 2 has a plurality of sensors 20, 21, 22, which detect the temperature, the humidity and vibration loads and shock loads to which the weapon 1 is exposed. The measurement data supplied by the sensors 20, 21, 22 are delivered via a data line 23 to the on-board data memory 10 of the weapon 1 and stored there.

The data acquisition device 2 can be uncoupled from the weapon 1 by opening the data line 23 and is attached to the weapon 1 only when needed. This can be the case, for example, when the weapon 1 is being transported or stored outside a weapons depot. Then the environmental influences acting on the intelligent weapon 1 are detected by the sensors of the data acquisition device and stored in the data memory 12 of the weapon 1.

In the production phase or immediately after the production phase of the weapon 1, which in the Fig. 1 is denoted by the symbol "P" and is represented symbolically by the box 3, data supplied during production-accompanying tests by corresponding test equipment (not shown) are stored in the on-board data memory 10 of the weapon 1, which is symbolized by the arrow 30. These data include the results of a manufacturing functional test (FFT) on the inert weapon 1, that is, in the state in which the weapon is not yet provided with pyrotechnics. This manufacturing functional test includes tests performed on a factory test equipment (FTE), the results of a self-test sequence, and the results of a bump test sequence. The FTE tests are carried out on a test bench where the intelligent weapon is tested in the inert state. In this case, for example, the time, duration and amplitude of ignition pulses, voltages, currents, Flow of coolant (eg, argon) and engine speed of the engine blown with compressed air. Furthermore, in the production phase P, results of a production final acceptance test (FET) on the lethal missile, that is to say on the missile provided with pyrotechnics, are stored in the data memory 10 of the weapon 1. Finally, the data of a sporadically performed final ground test (FGT) are transferred to the on-board data memory 10 of the weapon 1 and / or to an external, central data memory 5 and stored there.

In addition to the above-mentioned test data from the production phase, data from defect images that occurred during production or the production accompanying or concluding tests are stored as defect image data in the data memory 10 of the weapon 1, which is symbolized by the arrow 32. As a supplement to the error image data set, data about troubleshooting measures carried out can also be stored in the data memory 10.

In this way, a detailed data history on the production process of the weapon 1 in the data memory 10 of the weapon is created.

If the weapon 1 has been delivered by the manufacturer to the customer, it will be necessary on certain occasions to perform maintenance on the weapon. Such maintenance may also include hardware and software upgrades, wherein also state images of the weapon 1 are determined and stored in the data memory 10.

The maintenance and repair work, which may be required several times during the life of the weapon 1, are symbolized in the figure by the box 4 and referred to as maintenance / repair phase with "W / R".

During such maintenance work or repair work on the weapon, an initial check-up is carried out before work is started. Likewise, a final test is carried out after completion of the maintenance or repair work. The results of the input analysis and the Final tests are also written as data in the memory 10 of the weapon 1, which is symbolized by the arrow 40.

During the maintenance / repair phase, data from the ingress detection, ie an ingress test, an inertial missile manufacturing functional test (FFT), and a final lethal missile manufacturing completion test (FET) are performed and the corresponding data is stored in the data memory 10 filed the weapon 1.

Finally, what is symbolized by the arrow 42, also error images that are recorded during maintenance or repair, as well as data about appropriate troubleshooting measures in the data memory 10 are stored.

Furthermore, data regarding performed hardware or software upgrades can also be stored in the data memory 10. Functional checks, for example in the ammunition depot, or before or after a transport of the weapon 1 can also be carried out outside of a maintenance or repair carried out by the manufacturer of the weapon 1. The result data determined during these functional checks are also stored in the data memory 10.

In the manner described above, a closed chain of information about test and test results is formed during the production phase and during the entire useful life of the weapon, in which also influencing parameters exerted externally on the weapon 1 are detected. This closed information chain is composed of the aforementioned data, which are stored in a database in the memory 10 of the weapon 1 together. On the basis of these data, a very accurate status check of the weapon 1 can then take place by means of a program 13 running in the on-board computer 12, for which purpose the data stored in the data memory 12 is transferred to the computer 12 via a data line 11. By means of the symbolically shown in the figure as a box program 13, the most diverse evaluations and analyzes to create a weapon-specific state image. The results supplied by the program 13 are transferred via a further data line 15 to the display device 14.

By means of the method and the intelligent weapon according to the invention, it is possible to quickly and easily determine the functional state of the intelligent weapon. This can be done, for example, at the request of a user before the end of the warranty period or before a possible resale of the weapon 1. Furthermore, functional checks may be performed before and after a hardware or software update is made to the weapon 1.

Finally, it is also possible to select missiles before conducting a shooting campaign. The performance level of the missile determined by a functional check and the age of the missile as well as any deviations of the actual state from the delivery state can serve as selection criteria.

It can also be checked by means of the method according to the invention after a transport of the weapon, whether the weapon has been damaged during transport. Finally, it is also possible to check the trained as cruise missile intelligent weapon 1 on its functioning, if this has been brought in the meantime in an inert state, for example, to be used for flying flights, and retrofitted after completion of the flying wings back into the lethal state has been.

Furthermore, the condition monitoring or condition checks that can be carried out with the method according to the invention can be carried out if the weapon is to be stored again in a depot after a prolonged transport, for example into an operational area in which it has not been used.

The connection of the data acquisition device 2, also referred to as a CV data box, can, as shown in FIG Data line 23, but it is also possible to let the sensors 20, 21, 22 of the data acquisition device 2 communicate by means of a wireless connection to the data memory.

If the result data determined by the method according to the invention of individual intelligent weapons of a weapons park of similar weapons in a weapons park database summarized in an external central data storage 5, it can be monitored on the condition monitoring of individual intelligent weapons and the entire weapons park and it can statistical new evaluations , more precise assessment parameters for the individual state variables can be determined.

If the weapon, as in the example described, is equipped with an on-board data memory 10, the data stored therein can be read out and transferred to the external, central data memory 5. By means of a computer 6 connected to the external, central data memory 5, evaluations of a weapons park consisting of a multiplicity of similar weapons can be carried out. The external central data storage 5 and the external computer 6 may be constituted by an external computer such as a portable computer. By means of this external computer 6 and the external, central database 5 can also with intelligent weapons, which are not provided with an on-board data memory 10 and / or running in the on-board computer 12 evaluation program 13, analyzed with regard to their usability or their remaining useful life or other weapon-typical parameters become.

The external, central data memory 5 can be connected to the on-board data memory 10 via data lines 30 ', 32', 40 ', 42', 23 '. In this case, the data connections 30 ', 32', 40 ', 42' and 23 'are symbolic of corresponding data connections between the on-board data memory 10 and the external data memory 5. Of course, the corresponding data from the on-board data storage via a single physical Data line in a manner known to those skilled in the external data memory 5 are transmitted.

If the weapon 1 does not have an on-board data memory 10, the transfers of the result data symbolized by the arrows 30, 40 and the transfers of the error image data symbolized by the arrows 32, 42 take place directly in the external, central data memory 5, whereby of course also identification data of the intelligent weapon 1 to this result data or error image data in the external central data memory 5 are stored. The external, central data memory 5 in this case takes over the storage of the various data sets. Incidentally, the identification data of the weapon 1 is also recorded in the central data memory 5 when the data is transferred from the on-board data memory 10 to the external data memory 5.

If the weapon 1 is not provided with an onboard data memory 10, sensor data acquired in the data acquisition device 2 can likewise be read directly into the external, central data memory 5, whereby data for the assignment of the corresponding weapon 1 in the data memory 5 are also stored here.

The results delivered by the evaluation program running in the external computer 6 are transferred to the data output device 14 via the data line 15 '.

• es wird die automatische Auswertung der Ergebnisdaten erleichtert;
• die Anpassung von Schwellenwerten und Toleranzen an praktischrealistische Werte erhält eine begründbare Grundlage;
• Auffälligkeiten sind einfach zu identifizieren, wenn signifikante Abweichungen von bislang ermittelten Mittelwerten einzelner Ergebnisdaten auftreten, sodass beispielsweise wegdriftende Baugruppen erkannt werden können;
• die Fehlersuche bei einer Wartung oder Reparatur wird effizienter, da auf bereits bekannte Fehlerbilder, die im Datenspeicher abgelegt sind, zugegriffen werden kann;
• für jede intelligente Waffe wird zum Zeitpunkt der Auslieferung an den Nutzer, d.h. am Ende der Produktionsphase P, ein technisches Zustandsbild festgehalten, das während der Nutzung der Waffe als Referenz dienen kann.

By applying the method according to the invention in the production phase, the following advantages result:

• it facilitates the automatic evaluation of the result data;
• the adaptation of thresholds and tolerances to practically realistic values is given a justifiable basis;
• Discrepancies are easy to identify if significant deviations from previously determined averages of individual results data occur, so that, for example, drifting assemblies can be detected;
• troubleshooting maintenance or repair becomes more efficient by allowing access to already known error images stored in the data store;
• for each intelligent weapon, at the time of delivery to the user, ie at the end of production phase P, a technical conditional image is recorded which can serve as a reference during use of the weapon.

• eine fehlerhafte Handhabung der Waffe durch den Kunden bei Lagerung und/oder Transport kann durch Analyse der Messwerte der externen Datenerfassungseinrichtung 2 und durch den Vergleich mit dem Auslieferungszustand erkannt werden;
• Alterungseffekte können rechtzeitig vor dem Einsatz der Waffe oder vor einer Schießkampagne erkannt werden;
• eine Leistungsabnahme kann rechtzeitig vor dem Einsatz oder vor einer Schießkampagne erkannt werden, wodurch das Risiko einer Missions-Nichterfüllung oder von Kollateralschäden deutlich reduziert wird;
• die Auswahl einzelner Waffen nach bestimmten Leistungskriterien wird ermöglicht;
• die Fehlersuche wird durch die Möglichkeit des Zugriffs auf bereits bekannte, abgespeicherte Fehlerbilder effizienter;
• ein eventuelles Service-Erfordernis kann rechtzeitig erkannt werden.

During the use phase of the intelligent weapon, the following advantages result:

• faulty handling of the weapon by the customer during storage and / or transport can be detected by analyzing the measured values of the external data acquisition device 2 and by comparing it with the delivery state;
• Aging effects can be detected in good time before using the weapon or before a shooting campaign;
• a performance decrease can be detected in good time before deployment or before a shooting campaign, significantly reducing the risk of mission failure or collateral damage;
• the selection of individual weapons according to certain performance criteria is made possible;
• the troubleshooting becomes more efficient by the possibility of accessing already known, stored error images;
• a possible service requirement can be recognized in good time.

Reference signs in the claims, the description and the drawings are only for the better understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Waffe

2

Datenerfassungseinrichtung

5

externer, zentraler Datenspeicher

6

externer Computer

10

Datenspeicher

11

Datenleitung

12

Computer/Datenspeicher

13

Programm

14

Datenausgabeeinrichtung

15

Datenleitung

15'

Datenleitung

20

Sensor

21

Sensor

22

Sensor

23

Datenleitung

23'

Datenleitung

30

Transfer der Ergebnisdaten in der Produktionsphase

30'

Datenleitung

32

Transfer der Fehlerbilddaten in der Produktionsphase

32'

Datenleitung

40

Transfer der Ergebnisdaten in der Wartungs-/Reparaturphase

40'

Datenleitung

42

Transfer der Fehlerbilddaten in der Wartungs-/Reparaturphase

42'

Datenleitung

They denote:

1

weapon

2

Data acquisition device

5

external, central data memory

6

external computer

10

data storage

11

data line

12

Computer / data storage

13

program

14

Data output means

15

data line

15 '

data line

20

sensor

21

sensor

22

sensor

23

data line

23 '

data line

30

Transfer of the result data in the production phase

30 '

data line

32

Transfer of the defect image data in the production phase

32 '

data line

40

Transfer of the result data in the maintenance / repair phase

40 '

data line

42

Transfer of error image data in the maintenance / repair phase

42 '

data line

Claims (14)

Method for monitoring the status of an intelligent weapon, in particular a cruise missile, comprising the steps of: a) generating a first state image of the weapon during the manufacture of the weapon, wherein result data of at least one functional test of the weapon are determined and stored in a data memory; b) generating at least one further state image of the weapon at a time interval for generating a previous state image, wherein result data of at least one functional test of the weapon are determined and stored in a data memory; c) comparing the result data from step b) with the result data from at least one previous step and determining differences as well as trends in the individual result data; d) decision on remaining useful life and maintenance requirement based on the results of step c). Method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that steps b) and c) are repeated several times during the life of the weapon, in which case in step c) the trend is determined on the basis of the current state image and the stored data of previous state images. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that taking place in step b) generating further state images takes place at regular intervals or event-driven. Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
characterized, - that during at least one period of time the
Life of the weapon is a continuous monitoring of acting on the weapon exogenous influences, with measurement results of these influences are determined and stored in the data memory; and - that the immediate measurement results and / or the measurement results are compared with given data, taking into account their duration of action on the weapon, and - that the decision on the remaining useful life and the maintenance requirement is made on the basis of this comparison. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that in step a) additionally defect images which occur during the production of the weapon, in particular during the functional tests, are stored in the data memory. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that in step b) additionally defect images which occur during the lifetime of the weapon, in particular during the functional tests, are stored in the data memory. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the result data in step a) are alternatively or additionally stored in a central database on an external data store, wherein in this central database the result data is stored by a plurality of intelligent weapons. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the result data in step b) are alternatively or additionally stored in a central database on an external data memory, wherein in this central database the result data is stored by a plurality of intelligent weapons. Method according to claim 7 or 8,
in which similar result data of individual weapons are compared with one another on the basis of the result data of a plurality of intelligent weapons stored in the central database, and empirical threshold values are determined as tolerance limits on the basis of this comparison of the individual result data. Intelligent weapon, in particular cruise missile, having a data memory (5; 10) in which state parameters determined during manufacturing are stored as result data of a functional test and which is designed to store further state parameters during the lifetime of the weapon (1). Intelligent weapon according to claim 10,
characterized,
in that the weapon (1) can be provided with an external data acquisition device (2) which can be decoupled from the weapon (1) for operational use, and which is connected to the data memory (5; 10) for data transmission. Intelligent weapon according to claim 11,
characterized,
in that the data acquisition device (2) has sensors (20, 21, 22) for detecting the temperature, the air humidity, vibration loads and / or shock loads, and that the measurement results of the sensors (20, 21, 22) are sent to the data memory (5, 10 ) are transferred for storage. Intelligent weapon according to claim 12,
characterized,
in that the weapon (1) has a computer (12) which evaluates the stored measurement results of the sensors (20, 21, 22) as part of a system test of the weapon (1) and thereby decides on the usability and / or the remaining service life of the weapon (1) applies. Intelligent weapon according to claim 13,
characterized,
that the computer (12) based on the stored measurement results of the sensors (20, 21, 22) and / or the stored state parameters determines a probability of failure of the weapon (1).

Images