EP2095500A1 - Method, system and apparatus for the control of transmit diversity - Google Patents
Method, system and apparatus for the control of transmit diversityInfo
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- EP2095500A1 EP2095500A1 EP07853237A EP07853237A EP2095500A1 EP 2095500 A1 EP2095500 A1 EP 2095500A1 EP 07853237 A EP07853237 A EP 07853237A EP 07853237 A EP07853237 A EP 07853237A EP 2095500 A1 EP2095500 A1 EP 2095500A1
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- parameter
- virtual
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- value
- virtual parameter
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- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 55
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
Definitions
- the present invention relates to control of transmit diversity in wireless systems, and in particular to transmit diversity control algorithms.
- Wireless transmission systems may use transmit diversity, whereby transmission is made using a plurality of antennas to transmit the signal to a receiver.
- transmit diversity systems directly compute the actual diversity parameters and implement such parameters in the transmit diversity transmission system. There is a need for an improved control of transmit diversity.
- Embodiments of the present invention include a method and apparatus for modifying a transmit diversity signal by receiving at least one input parameter, calculating at least one virtual parameter based on said at least one input parameter, converting said at least one virtual parameter into an actual parameter, and modifying a transmit diversity signal based on said actual parameter.
- the actual parameter may be any one or a combination of relative phase, relative amplitude, relative power, frequency of modification, or timing of application of said transmit diversity signal.
- the actual parameter may have a discrete value having lower resolution than said virtual parameter.
- At least one virtual parameter may be converted into an actual parameter by mapping any of a plurality of virtual parameter values to a single actual parameter value, for example, by rounding or truncating the at least one virtual parameter to obtain the actual parameter value.
- the at least one virtual parameter may be converted into the actual parameter by a calculation based on an amount of change in the virtual parameter, either instantaneously or over a slope-measurement time interval, hi some embodiments, the at least one virtual parameter may be converted into the actual parameter if an increase in the virtual parameter over the slope-measurement time interval exceeds a threshold value, or if the absolute value of a decrease in the virtual parameter over the slope-measurement time interval exceeds a threshold value.
- the at least one virtual parameter may be converted into the actual parameter only if no change was made to said actual parameter within a previous minimum time interval.
- a weighted averaging of a plurality of previous virtual parameter values over said slope- measurement time interval may be performed to obtain the actual parameter.
- the at least one virtual parameter may be converted into an actual parameter if the at least one virtual parameter exceeds a threshold, where in one embodiment, the threshold may be based on at least one or a plurality of previous values of the virtual parameter, or in another embodiment, the threshold may be based on at least one or a plurality of previous values of the actual parameter.
- the at least one virtual parameter may be converted into the actual parameter based on whether a difference between the virtual parameter and an actual parameter value exceeds a hysteresis threshold value. In some embodiments of the invention, the at least one virtual parameter may be converted into the actual parameter by performing a weighted averaging of a plurality of previous virtual parameter values over a measurement time interval. In some embodiments of the invention, the conversion calculation from the at least one virtual parameter into the actual parameter may take place at regular time intervals.
- Figure 1 depicts a block diagram of a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention that includes one or more transmitting communication devices and one or more receiving communication devices that communicate via a wireless link;
- Figure 2 depicts a block diagram of a diversity parameter generator according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating data flow according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 is a graph illustrating a quantized signal according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for computing diversity parameters using difference signals according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 7 is a graph illustrating a virtual diversity parameter changing with time according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a graph illustrating a slope of a virtual diversity parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 9 is a graph illustrating an actual diversity parameter adjusted at different time periods according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a graph illustrating an example of signal with hysteresis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Embodiments of the present invention may allow for transmit diversity control by using a system that uses virtual parameters to enhance the system throughput, by requiring less repetitions or supporting higher data rate and larger, more efficient data packets.
- Embodiments of the present invention may allow for a more stable system by offering a high resolution of transmit diversity parameters.
- Embodiments of the present invention may allow for improvement of wireless communication system capacity by offering optimized performance from high resolution of transmit diversity parameters.
- Embodiments of the present invention may allow for improvement of transmission efficiency by fading mitigation and beamforming.
- Embodiments of the invention may provide for better performance, measured, for example, in terms of the power the unit is required to transmit for the receiver to receive acceptable signal quality, the number of errors in the transmission, higher throughput, improved coverage, and improved stability resulting from possibly fewer changes in the diversity control parameters.
- the module implementing diversity control may have a reduced resolution requirement, possibly adding to simplicity of design, lower cost, and/or requiring less power to operate.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating a communication network 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention that includes a modifying communication device 20a that that adjusts a nominal value of a transmit diversity parameter.
- modifying communication device 20a may compute a virtual diversity parameter that is used to control actual transmit diversity for a signal transmitted from communication device 20a to receiving communication device 20b.
- Modifying communication device 20a may adjust a nominal value of an actual transmit diversity parameter based on the decision computed from the virtual diversity parameter.
- network 10 may operate to provide services such as communication sessions.
- a communication session may refer to an active communication between endpoints, measured from endpoint to endpoint.
- Information is communicated during a communication session.
- Information may refer to voice, data, text, audio, video, multimedia, control, signaling, other information, or any combination of the preceding.
- the information may be communicated in packets.
- a packet may comprise a bundle of data organized in a specific way for transmission, and a frame may comprise the payload of one or more packets organized in a specific way for transmission.
- a packet-based communication protocol such as Internet Protocol (IP) may be used to communicate the packets.
- IP Internet Protocol
- a packet may comprise any suitable packet, such as a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) packet, an Enhanced Data for GSM Evolutions (EDGE) packet, or other suitable packet.
- GPRS General Packet Radio Service
- EDGE Enhanced Data for GSM Evolutions
- Network 10 may utilize communication protocols and technologies to provide the communication sessions.
- Examples of communication protocols and technologies include those set by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 8O2.xx standards, International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T) standards, European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) standards, Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standards, or other standards.
- Network 10 may use any suitable multiple access technology, for example, a code division multiple access (CDMA) technology.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- network 10 may operate according to a CDMA 2000 telecommunications technology that uses a single CDMA channel.
- a CDMA 2000 high rate data packet technology such as the Evolution Data Only (EvDO) technology may be used.
- EvDO Evolution Data Only
- Network 10 may comprise any suitable communication network.
- a communication network may comprise all or a portion of a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a public or private data network, a local area network (LAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), a global computer network such as the Internet, a wireline or wireless network, a local, regional, or global communication network, an enterprise intranet, other suitable communication link, or any combination of the preceding.
- PSTN public switched telephone network
- LAN local area network
- MAN metropolitan area network
- WAN wide area network
- Internet a global computer network
- wireline or wireless network a local, regional, or global communication network
- an enterprise intranet other suitable communication link, or any combination of the preceding.
- a component of network 10 may include logic, an interface, memory, other component, or any suitable combination of the preceding.
- Logic may refer to hardware, software, other logic, or any suitable combination of the preceding. Certain logic may manage the operation of a device, and may comprise, for example, a processor.
- Interface may refer to logic of a device operable to receive input for the device, send output from the device, perform suitable processing of the input or output or both, or any combination of the preceding, and may comprise one or more ports, conversion software, or both.
- Memory may refer to logic operable to store and facilitate retrieval of information, and may comprise a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic drive, a disk drive, a Compact Disk (CD) drive, a Digital Video Disk (DVD) drive, a removable media storage, any other suitable data storage medium, or a combination of any of the preceding.
- RAM Random Access Memory
- ROM Read Only Memory
- CD Compact Disk
- DVD Digital Video Disk
- Communication network 10 may include one or more modifying communication devices 20a and one or more communication devices 20b that communicate via a wireless link 24. Either or both of communication devices 20a or 20b may be any device operable to communicate information via signals with one or more other communication devices.
- communication device 20a or 20b may comprise a subscriber unit or a base station.
- a subscriber unit may comprise any device operable to communicate with a base station, for example, a personal digital assistant, a cellular telephone, a mobile handset, a computer, or any other device suitable for communicating signals to and from a base station.
- a subscriber unit may support, for example, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), Internet Protocol (IP), or any other suitable communication protocol.
- SIP Session Initiation Protocol
- IP Internet Protocol
- a base station provides a subscriber unit access to a communication network that allows the subscriber unit to communicate with other networks or devices.
- a base station typically includes a base transceiver station and a base station controller.
- the base transceiver station communicates signals to and from one or more subscriber units.
- the base station controller manages the operation of the base transceiver station.
- Either or both of communication devices 20a or 20b may include one or more antenna elements, where each antenna element is operable to receive, transmit, or both receive and transmit a signal.
- Multiple antenna elements may provide for a separation process known as spatial filtering, which may enhance spectral efficiency, allowing for more users to be served simultaneously over a given frequency band.
- a communication link between communication devices 20a and 20b such as wireless link 24 may be a radio frequency link that is cellular in network organization. Wireless link 24 may be used to communicate a signal between communication devices 20a and 20b.
- modifying communication device 20a may include a signal modifier 28 that modifies one or more signals.
- Signal modifier 28 may then modify the transmit signal in accordance with virtual diversity information corresponding to the virtual diversity parameters
- modifying a signal may refer to modifying a signal feature.
- a transmission signal feature, or in some embodiments of the invention, a transmit diversity parameter may refer without limitation to any feature of the transmission, for example, relative phase, relative amplitude, relative power, absolute power, frequency, timing, other suitable signal feature that may be modulated, or any combination of the preceding.
- Relative phase may refer to the phase difference between the phase of a first signal of a first transmit antenna element and the phase of a second signal of a second transmit antenna element.
- Relative power may refer to the ratio between the power of a first signal of a first transmit antenna element and the power of a second signal of a second transmit antenna element, which ratio may be defined on a linear or logarithmic scale.
- Relative amplitude may refer to the ratio between the amplitude of a first signal of a first transmit antenna element and the amplitude of a second signal of a second transmit antenna element.
- Absolute power may refer to the total power transmitted by all antennas of modifying communication device 20a.
- modifying a signal may be described as adjusting a nominal value of a transmit diversity parameter.
- adjustment of a transmit diversity parameter may comprise computing virtual diversity parameters and then using a combination of said virtual parameters to compute an actual diversity parameter.
- a modifying communication device 20a calculates transmit diversity parameters for use in transmitting across wireless link 24. Modifying communications device 20a may modify actual transmit diversity parameters for transmission to receiving communication device 20b using values derived from virtual diversity parameters.
- modifying communication device 20a may include a diversity parameter generator 30 and a signal modifier 28.
- Diversity parameter generator 30 may generate parameters for controlling transmit diversity of modifying communication device 20a. The parameters may be generated by any suitable manner, for example, based on feedback from the receiving communication device 20b, actual environmental conditions at the modifying communication device 20a, one or more performance parameters measured at modifying communication device 20a, or other indications.
- Signal modifier 28 may modify a pre-transmission signal in accordance with one or more transmit diversity parameters obtained from diversity parameter generator 30. Alterations or permutations such as modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to communication network 10 without departing from the scope of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a parameter generator module 50 according to an embodiment of the invention that includes a transmit diversity control module 51 that may be used in network 10.
- parameter generator module 50 may comprise at least part of parameter generator 30 depicted in Fig. 1, however, it will be noted that other configurations for the parameter generator 30 are possible and within the scope of the invention.
- Parameter generator module 50 may include a transmit diversity control module 51 and a virtual to actual parameter converter module 52.
- transmit diversity control module 51 which may compute virtual diversity parameters
- transmit diversity control module may compute the virtual diversity parameters from the inputs and/or from diversity parameters that may be fed back from virtual to actual parameter converter module.
- Virtual parameters generated by transmit diversity control module 51 may be received by virtual to actual parameter converter module 52, which in turn may convert virtual parameters into actual parameters.
- These actual parameters may be used for implementing transmit diversity, for example, using signal modifier 28 in Fig. 1. Alterations or permutations such as modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to parameter generator module 50 without departing from the scope of the invention.
- parameter generator module 50 may have more, fewer, or other sub-modules.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method in accordance with embodiments of the invention for computing actual diversity parameters from virtual diversity parameters that may be used with any suitable communication device, such as communication device 20a.
- virtual diversity parameters may be computed, for example using the inputs discussed in connection with Fig. 4. It will be noted that the resolution of virtual diversity parameters may be higher than the resolution of the actual diversity parameters. Moreover, because the resolution of virtual parameters may be controlled by software, the resolution of the virtual diversity parameters may be changed to optimize the performance of the transmit diversity algorithm in use.
- the method may compute an actual diversity parameter, for example, based on a mapping.
- the mapping computation may include quantization of the virtual diversity parameter to an actual diversity parameter.
- mapping may include re-scaling a parameter from a first scale or resolution to a second scale or resolution.
- Embodiments of the invention may also include a variety or combination of suitable mapping computations.
- Suitable mappings may include without limitation, for example, first order mapping based on the virtual parameter value, such as quantization or re-scaling; higher order mapping, such as based on change in virtual parameter values, a difference between the virtual and the actual parameters, or a higher-order function based on such differences; a hysteresis mapping that take into account different computation thresholds for different directions of change of a virtual parameter value, or , different computation thresholds based on past changes of the virtual parameter value.
- Other mappings or mapping computations may be used, for example, as described in further embodiments below.
- the trigger event at block 72 may be, for example, the lapse of a predetermined time, for example, a regularly recurring time interval.
- a trigger event at block 72 may be the virtual diversity parameter crossing a predefined threshold.
- Other trigger events for mapping may be used, for example, triggers based on the rate of change of the diversity parameter, the availability of new inputs, etc.
- the computation of actual diversity parameters at block 73 may include, for example, using an equation with one or more virtual diversity parameters to quantize or otherwise compute an overall diversity parameter, thus representing one or multiple input values with a single actual diversity value.
- the actual diversity parameter may then be used at block 75 to implement control of a diversity parameter. Alterations or permutations such as modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the method without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the method may include more, fewer, or other steps.
- the actual diversity parameter may be absolute or relative phase.
- the actual phase may have 36 distinct actual output values, with a step between values of, for example, 10 degrees, while virtual phase may have 360 distinct values, with a step between values of, for example, 1 degree.
- Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating a data flow according to an embodiment of the invention for computing actual diversity parameters from virtual diversity parameters that may be used with any suitable communication device, such as communication device 20a.
- inputs 60 are received.
- Inputs for computation of virtual diversity parameters may be any or all of feedback from the receiving communication device 20b, including one or more quality indication signals; actual environmental conditions at the modifying communication device 20a; one or more performance parameters measured at modifying communication device 20a, for example, the error bit rate, the power amplification, or other indications.
- virtual diversity parameters are computed based on the received inputs 60. As indicated by arrow 62A, previous virtual parameters 62 may optionally be fed back and considered in conversion of inputs 60 to actual parameters 62. Virtual parameters 62 may be mapped or converted at block 63 to actual diversity parameters 64. As discussed below, there may be many possible conversion algorithms for the mapping or conversion of virtual diversity parameters 62 to actual diversity parameters 64.
- the above conversions may consist of mapping the inputs of block 61 and/or block 63 to the outputs of such blocks by means of quantization.
- quantization may include grouping one or more virtual diversity parameter together and representing the one or more parameters by a single output parameter.
- the mapping conversion may be based on the difference between the inputs to block 61 and/or 63 and the value of a present state variable related to the output of the block.
- hysteresis may be applied to the conversion to prevent small changes in the inputs from causing changes in the output of the computation block.
- a delay may be introduced after changes in output of the computation block to control the rate of change of this output.
- actual diversity parameters may optionally be fed back and considered in conversion of virtual parameters 62 to actual parameters 64.
- actual diversity parameters 64 may be implemented, for example, by being sent to a signal modifier and/or being used in a transmission signal.
- actual diversity parameters may be used to control transmit diversity hardware. Alterations or permutations such as modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the method without departing from the scope of the invention. The method may include more, fewer, or other steps.
- Figure 5 is a graph 80 plotting time on axis 83 against phase on axis 84, illustrating quantization of virtual diversity parameters in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, hi some embodiments of the invention, a quantization algorithm or technique may refer to grouping one or more virtual diversity parameters together and representing them by an output parameter, hi Fig. 5, virtual diversity parameter is depicted by curve 81. Virtual diversity parameter 81 may be measured one or more times during a time interval. In the embodiment depicted at Fig.
- an actual diversity parameter 82 may be generated, based for example on the value or some combination of the values of the virtual diversity parameter 81 measured during the time interval or at a terminus of the time interval, hi another embodiment, the actual diversity parameter may take its value based on the value of the virtual diversity parameter crossing a threshold value, hi the embodiment depicted, the virtual diversity parameter 81 has higher resolution than actual diversity parameter 82.
- the output phase 82 may be computed based on the virtual phase 81 by quantizing the virtual phase 81 using, for example, a rounding or a truncating method where the virtual phase values 81 are rounded to the nearest increment, e.g. 10 degrees, to establish the output phase value 82.
- Other embodiments may use, for example, other integer conversion methods of the virtual phase.
- the quantization may be performed at regular intervals, e.g., the trigger event is the passing of a predetermined time interval, hi other embodiments, quantization may be performed when the virtual diversity parameter reaches or crosses one or any number of predetermined thresholds, for example, in an embodiment in which actual phase has 36 discrete values, the trigger event for quantization may be when ⁇ v ii t crosses any ION degree threshold for a minimum period of time, where N is any integer.
- the computation of actual diversity parameter from virtual diversity parameters may include calculations based on the slope or rate of change of virtual diversity parameters.
- Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for computing actual diversity parameters from the rate of change in virtual diversity parameters in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, usable with any suitable communication device such as communication device 20a.
- virtual diversity parameters may be computed, for example, with a differential equation or a difference equation of the input parameters.
- a slope or rate of change of virtual diversity parameters may be computed.
- the rate of change may be substantially instantaneous, or in another embodiment of the invention, for example, in order to reduce jitter or variability of actual diversity parameter, the slope may be computed using virtual diversity parameter data over a period of time, denoted below as Dl.
- a trigger event may be tested, for example, the slope may be tested to determine whether it has exceeded a positive threshold or fallen below a negative threshold. If no trigger event has occurred, the actual diversity parameter may be unchanged and the computations of blocks 91 and 92 may repeat. If a trigger event has occurred, the actual diversity parameter may be computed at block 94. Thus, for example, if a positive threshold is exceeded, the actual output parameter may be increased by an increment at block 94. If a negative threshold is surpassed negatively, the actual output parameter may be decreased by an increment at block 94.
- changes in actual phase may not be made more frequently than once every delay period, denoted below as D2. In an embodiment of the invention, the decision may be made by referring to the following condition:
- ⁇ virt, n and ⁇ yirt, n+i are the virtual phase computed for intervals n and n+l , respectively, ⁇ is the step increment of the actual phase,
- ⁇ th is a threshold value in virtual phase required for change in actual phase
- ⁇ act, n and ⁇ act, n +i are the actual phase computed for intervals n and n+1 , respectively
- n prev is the time of the immediately preceding change of actual phase
- Dl is the time interval over which the slope of the virtual phase parameter is computed
- D2 is the minimum time interval between changes of actual phase.
- Figures 7, 8 and 9 depict graphs 100, 110 and 120 plotting on a common time axis 107, values of virtual phase on axis 101, virtual phase slope on axis 111, and actual phase on axis 121, according to an example provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention described above.
- slope measurement time period Dl is taken as the time period over which the slope is computed, for example, in order to avoid sudden or immediate changes in slope, and hence actual phase. Accordingly, at a time Dl after the change between segment 102 and 103, the slope reaches a constant positive value at segment 113.
- segment 113 passes the positive threshold, and accordingly, the actual phase is increased by an increment, for example, 10 degrees, at segment 123. It will be noted that in the present embodiment, actual phase may not change as long as the slope is lower than a high threshold and higher than a low threshold.
- the virtual diversity parameters used in slope measurement time interval Dl may be weighted, for example, by taking a weighted averaging in which more recent virtual diversity values are given a greater weight than less recent virtual diversity parameter values.
- FIG. 7 Another feature of the embodiment depicted in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 is the minimum time delay between actual phase changes.
- the virtual phase drops sharply, and at segment 114, the slope drops below the negative threshold, resulting in the decrement of actual phase at segment 124.
- the actual phase may be further decremented at segment 125.
- any transmit diversity parameter may be used, for example, relative amplitude, relative power, frequency of change, timing of application of the transmit diversity controls, or other parameters.
- the decision to change an actual diversity parameter may incorporate a hysteresis factor, for example, using the following condition that modifies the quantization embodiments:
- ⁇ vir t , n +i is the virtual phase computed for interval n+1
- ⁇ is the step increment of the actual phase
- ⁇ t j is a threshold value in virtual phase required for change in actual phase
- ⁇ act, n and ⁇ act, n +i are the actual phase computed for intervals n and n+1, respectively.
- Hysteresis may be similarly applied to the embodiment considering differential or difference values, by varying the thresholds at which diversity control parameters are modified. Increase of the absolute value of the thresholds will lead to damping the changes, whereas decrease of these absolute values will accelerate the response.
- the hysteresis threshold may be dependent on the value of the virtual phase or a combination of the value of the virtual phase and its slope, or differences in the discrete case.
- the output diversity control parameters may not be changed unless the value of the virtual phase or a combination of the value of the virtual phase and its slope, or differences in the discrete case, exceeds a threshold.
- Figure 10 is a graph 151 plotting phase on axis 155 against time on axis 154, illustrating quantization of virtual diversity parameters in accordance with an embodiment of the invention including hysteresis.
- the actual phase at time ⁇ act . n + ⁇ , representing the actual phase at time n+1 may be changed at time n based on a change in virtual phase as measured with respect to the actual phase at time n, e.g.,
- , of more than ⁇ th 8°.
- any other suitable value for ⁇ t h may be used.
- hysteresis may be used in conjunction with the method described by Figure 6, or by any other embodiment of the present invention.
- virtual diversity parameter depicted as curve 152
- an output parameter 153 may be generated, for example, based on the values or some combination of the values of the virtual diversity parameter 152 measured during the time interval.
- ⁇ t h 8°
- the trigger event for the mapping conversion may be the lapse of a predetermined period of time, or the occurrence of an event, for example, a virtual parameter crossing a conversion threshold, thereby requiring changing the actual parameter.
- some embodiments of the invention using hysteresis may take into account the instantaneous value of virtual transmit diversity parameter, while some embodiments may take into account the outcomes of the virtual diversity parameter over a time interval.
- the historical values of virtual diversity parameter may be weighted by a set of weights, for example, giving more recent parameters greater weight than more distant parameters, thereby accelerating the response of the actual diversity parameter in response to recent changes in the virtual diversity parameters.
- History other than hysteresis may be used as part of the method of determining actual parameters from virtual parameters.
- Wj represents a set of weights, W; ) W 1- ].
- Embodiments of the invention may apply to any transmit diversity control method. It will be understood that the methods discussed herein may be integrated with any transmit diversity control algorithm. It will further be understood that the present invention may be implemented as a stand-alone processing module, or may be integrated into a transmit diversity control processor, algorithm, or signal path circuitry.
Abstract
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US11/637,148 US8199735B2 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2006-12-12 | Method, system and apparatus for the control of transmit diversity |
PCT/US2007/024850 WO2008073244A1 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2007-12-05 | Method, system and apparatus for the control of transmit diversity |
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EP2095500A1 true EP2095500A1 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
EP2095500A4 EP2095500A4 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
EP2095500B1 EP2095500B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
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US8199735B2 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2012-06-12 | Google Inc. | Method, system and apparatus for the control of transmit diversity |
US20140135056A1 (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2014-05-15 | Google Inc. | Asymmetric perturbation method for a mobile transmit diversity communication device |
US8923224B2 (en) | 2011-08-12 | 2014-12-30 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Quantizing relative phase and relative amplitude for coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmissions |
CN103891165B (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2018-07-10 | 谷歌有限责任公司 | General phase perturbation method |
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WO2001020810A1 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-03-22 | Nokia Networks Oy | Transmission diversity |
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WO2008057471A1 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2008-05-15 | Magnolia Broadband Inc. | Modifying a signal by controlling transmit diversity parameters |
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Also Published As
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US20080139135A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
EP2095500B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
US8199735B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
US9281966B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 |
US20120243525A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
EP2095500A4 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
WO2008073244A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
US20140140441A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
US8670455B2 (en) | 2014-03-11 |
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