EP2177960A1 - Blocking mechanism for a clock drive module - Google Patents

Blocking mechanism for a clock drive module Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2177960A1
EP2177960A1 EP08166740A EP08166740A EP2177960A1 EP 2177960 A1 EP2177960 A1 EP 2177960A1 EP 08166740 A EP08166740 A EP 08166740A EP 08166740 A EP08166740 A EP 08166740A EP 2177960 A1 EP2177960 A1 EP 2177960A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
finger
toothed wheel
locking
teeth
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08166740A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2177960B1 (en
Inventor
Martin Bisig
Nicolas Golay
Yves Petremand
Lionel Paratte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse SA
Original Assignee
ETA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by ETA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse SA filed Critical ETA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse SA
Priority to AT08166740T priority Critical patent/ATE538416T1/en
Priority to EP08166740A priority patent/EP2177960B1/en
Priority to SG200906593-9A priority patent/SG161150A1/en
Priority to KR1020090096305A priority patent/KR101567607B1/en
Priority to TW098134498A priority patent/TWI454864B/en
Priority to US12/579,601 priority patent/US8259538B2/en
Priority to CN2009102063926A priority patent/CN101727060B/en
Priority to JP2009239355A priority patent/JP5254927B2/en
Publication of EP2177960A1 publication Critical patent/EP2177960A1/en
Priority to HK10111241.2A priority patent/HK1145206A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2177960B1 publication Critical patent/EP2177960B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/08—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a mechanical oscillator other than a pendulum or balance, e.g. by a tuning fork, e.g. electrostatically
    • G04C3/12—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a mechanical oscillator other than a pendulum or balance, e.g. by a tuning fork, e.g. electrostatically driven by piezoelectric means; driven by magneto-strictive means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a locking mechanism for watchmaking training module.
  • the invention is particularly suitable in particular for electromechanical micromotors for wristwatches.
  • Stepper motors are well known for turning electrical pulses into rotating mechanical motion.
  • the first step-by-step engine was invented in 1936 by Mr. LAVET for the watch industry; and now such engines are found in most needle quartz watches to drive the movement. This type of motor is also very common in all devices where it is desired to control the speed or positioning.
  • the "LAVET” motors have permanent magnets that can generate stable positions between electrical pulses.
  • the permanent torque thus exerted on the rotor, ie the rotating part of the engine, is supposed to prevent any inadvertent movement, even during shocks on the watch.
  • the permanent torque generally chosen to be much greater than the engine torque, is also intended to prevent incrementing more than one step simultaneously.
  • a LAVET motor drives a wheel rotating 180 degrees at each electrical pulse, every minute; this wheel is equipped at two diametrically opposite ends with lugs which engage in successive radial slots of the minute wheel. Thus, between each pulse, the two lugs are engaged in two successive radial slots of the minute wheel and block any possible movement.
  • stepper motors for example the electromechanical micromotor described in the document EP1921520 of the applicant, which comprises a linear actuator provided with an active pawl for driving the rotor in rotation, and a passive pawl to prevent rotation of the rotor in the opposite direction during the return of the actuator during its oscillations.
  • electromechanical micromotor described in the document EP1921520 of the applicant, which comprises a linear actuator provided with an active pawl for driving the rotor in rotation, and a passive pawl to prevent rotation of the rotor in the opposite direction during the return of the actuator during its oscillations.
  • the same blocking and incrementing features would also be desirable; however, it is clear that the latching mechanism described above, specific to a LAVET motor, is not adequate.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new mechanism which locks in stable indexing positions, and simultaneously prevents incrementation of an interlocked wheel by more than one unit simultaneously.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose a locking mechanism that can be applied to any type of stepper motor, and not only to a "LAVET" type motor.
  • An advantage of the proposed solution is to be applicable or associated with any type of stepper motor, including for example regulating devices for mechanical watches, and potentially any type of clock training module.
  • Another advantage of the proposed solution is to no longer require permanent magnets to stabilize the rest position of the workings driven by the engine.
  • An additional advantage of the proposed solution is to provide an electromechanical stepper motor passive pawls to prevent the rotation of the rotor in the opposite direction during the return of the actuator during its oscillations.
  • the proposed solution for the blocking fundamentally differs from the locking system applied to the Lavet engine in that the energy consumption required is not related to the value of the maximum torque of the engine.
  • An important advantage of the proposed solution is therefore that the energy consumption of the locking system is potentially significantly lower than that of the engine itself.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a drive module 1, intended to mesh with a watch wheel, comprising a known step-by-step electromechanical micromotor.
  • the micromotor consists of actuators 2 which comprise moving stylets 3 rotating a rotor through active pawls 5 cooperating with the toothed wheel 7 of the rotor. Because of their active rotor drive function 5, the "actuator" actuator terminology for the actuators 2 is also often used.
  • This cooperation between the toothed road 7 and the ratchets, as well as the sequential drive mechanism of the rotor rotation are precisely illustrated in detail on the figure 1 bis which is an enlargement of the figure 1 at the gearwheel 7, at 5 o'clock in the plane of the engine.
  • each actuator 2 is composed of two generally symmetrical parts, the first part comprising an active pusher of thrust and the second part comprising an active traction pawl in order to improve the efficiency of the engine by exerting a higher torque.
  • each actuator 2 is associated with a passive pawl 6 held elastically geared with the toothed wheel 7 so as to ensure on the one hand a precise angular positioning during the training phases when the stylets 3 are moved, and secondly to form a locking mechanism of the toothed wheel 7 to prevent any movement back.
  • the figure 1 bis illustrates the drive mechanism and indexing of the stepper motor of the figure 1 where only one passive pawl 6 and one active pawl are shown.
  • the active pawl 5 located at the end of the stylet, has oscillating movements in the direction 4 tangent to the toothed wheel 7.
  • the indentations of the toothed wheel 7 tend to drive it in a movement in the direction of rotation anti-clockwise during traction movements of the stylus 3, while each tooth of the associated passive pawl 6 then gives indexing positions for the rotation of the toothed wheel, typically corresponding to a pitch of the motor.
  • the passive pawl 6 prevents the active pawl 5 from driving the toothed wheel 7 in the opposite direction and to maintain the angular position of the toothed road 7 between each step.
  • This locking and indexing mechanism described does not, however, prevent any unwanted acceleration of the toothed wheel 7 in the counter-clockwise direction, as for example in the case of excessive engine torque exerted by the ratchet or pawls active 5 if the electrical impulses generated by the actuators 2 are of too great amplitude, or even between the steps of the engine if shocks are experienced by the watch case containing such an electromechanical motor.
  • FIGS 2 to 7 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the locking and indexing mechanism according to the invention, which make it possible to overcome these shortcomings of the prior art. They all represent a sectional view in the plane of rotation of a toothed wheel 7 driven by an active pawl 5 which engages in the teeth of the toothed wheel 7 and moves linearly by oscillation movements in a tangent direction to the toothed wheel 7 at the snap, and the locking device, composed in particular of two separate locking fingers 8 and 9, in different positions depending on the state of the mechanism.
  • the first locking pin 8 is housed between two stop elements 15, 16 so that it is guided to have only vertical movements and thus to have only one degree of freedom in translation.
  • this degree of freedom could, however, also be rotated.
  • This first finger is intended to block any rotational movement of the toothed wheel when engaged in one of his teeth.
  • the second locking finger 9 is arranged between two stops 10 and 11, so that it limits the angular travel of the toothed wheel when engaged in one of its teeth.
  • the spacing between the stops 10,11 limits the angular travel of the toothed wheel 7 to the displacement of a single tooth, thus corresponding to a pitch of the motor.
  • the figure 2 illustrates the locking device according to the invention in a state at rest, before a motor step.
  • the two fingers of 8 and 9 are raised, and housed in two consecutive teeth of the toothed wheel 7.
  • the second locking finger 9 is also housed against the first stop 10.
  • the pawl 5 is engaged in one of the teeth 71 of the toothed wheel 7, and moves according to linear oscillation movements according to the arrow 4 (NB: the mobile stylet, present on the Figures 1 and 1 bis, is no longer shown in this figure or on the following because it is not necessary to understand the locking mechanism described below).
  • NB the mobile stylet
  • the figure 3 illustrates the locking device during the lowering step (arrow A) of the first locking finger 9.
  • the only degree of freedom of the first locking finger 8 is in translation according to a radius of the toothed wheel 7, ie perpendicular to the movement of the actuator and the active pawl 5, as will be seen in the following figures.
  • the figure 4 illustrates the locking device according to the invention during a pitch of the motor, ie when the toothed wheel 7 is rotated by the active pawl 5 (step B, illustrated by the corresponding arrows B).
  • the rotation of the toothed wheel 7, in one of the teeth of which the second locking finger 9 is engaged thus causes the finger 9 in the same translational movement as that of the pawl, according to the arrow (B), in a tangent direction to the wheel and the meaning corresponding to one of its two degrees of freedom.
  • the toothed road 7 stops as soon as the second finger 9 is positioned against the second stop 11, which prevents any further rotation of the toothed wheel.
  • the figure 5 illustrates the locking device according to the invention, in the blocking state of the second locking finger 9 against the stop 11.
  • the arrow (C) illustrates the step of raising the first locking finger 8 which is to engage in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel and thus blocks any movement of the toothed wheel 7, even in the opposite direction to that in which it was activated until then, ie in the direction of the clockwise for the described embodiment.
  • the device will be again in a stable state, preventing any rotational movement of the toothed wheel, but this time with the two fingers 8,9 spaced apart from two teeth, unlike the figure 2 where the two fingers were housed in two consecutive teeth of the wheel.
  • the angular travel of the toothed wheel 7 therefore corresponds, according to the illustrated embodiment, to at most one tooth of the toothed road 7.
  • the figure 6 illustrates the locking device after raising the first locking finger and during the return steps of the actuator (arrow D) and the second locking finger (arrow E2), which had to be lowered beforehand (arrow E1) for to be released from the tooth to allow the translation movement in the same direction as the pawl 5.
  • the steps (D) and (E2) of the return of the active pawl 5 and the second finger 9 can be executed independently one of the other and sequentially in any order.
  • the figure 7 illustrates the locking device according to the invention at rest at the end of a step of the motor, ie once the second finger 8 has returned in abutment against the first stop 10 and that it has been raised in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel 7 (step F, illustrated by the corresponding arrow in the figure).
  • step F illustrated by the corresponding arrow in the figure.
  • the first finger 8 has a degree of freedom in translation, vertically according to the figures, to be high or lowered, and thus engaged or disengaged in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel 7, and the second finger 9 has the same degree of freedom in translation, and a degree of freedom in additional translation between the stops 10 and 11 , horizontal according to the figures, and which corresponds to the direction of the oscillations 4 of the active pawl 5 and the tangent to the toothed wheel 7 at the gear with the finger 9.
  • FIG 7 it is also possible to distinguish an electronic circuit 14, preferably programmable, for managing the sequences of movements of the locking fingers 8 and 9.
  • This circuit 14 has been added to this figure because it corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the invention, according to which the movements of the fingers 8, 9 are controlled by electrical signals causing the movement electrostatic actuators 12,13 respectively coupled to each finger 8,9.
  • the motor actuator 2 has also been added to avoid confusion with the actuators 12,13 of the fingers 8,9.
  • the lowering of the first finger 8 after its release from said toothed road 7 corresponds to a first step A passing from the stable state 110 of the system "at rest”; at a state 010 in which the rotation of the toothed wheel is possible.
  • the driving of the toothed wheel 7 in rotation by the active pawl 5 of the actuator 2 corresponds to a second step B, which causes the movement of the second locking pin 9 of the abutment 10 according to the state 010 of the system, towards the other stop 11, which blocks the stroke of the gearwheel further and then brings the system into the state 011.
  • Step D of disengagement and return of the active pawl 5 of the actuator 2 does not change the state of the locking system; however the corresponding step E disengagement and return of the second finger against the first stop 10 can be split into two substeps E1, lowering the second finger bringing the system of the state 111 to the state 101, and E2, bringing the system of the state 101 to 100.
  • the steps D and E of release and return of the active pawl 5 and the second finger 9 take place simultaneously.
  • step F of raising the second finger 9 which leads it to engage in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel 7 brings the system to the initial state 110 said "rest” and thus ends the cycle of incrementation of a motor pitch.
  • the sequencing described which ensures that always at least one of the two fingers is engaged in one of the teeth, allows either to maintain the locking device in a "stable” state, ie in which the toothed wheel is completely immobilized (case of first finger engaged in the toothing of the wheel 7), either in a "bounded” state, ie in which the travel of the toothed wheel is limited (in the case of the second finger 9 engaged in the toothing of the wheel 7).
  • Obtaining stable states according to the invention therefore no longer requires the use of magnets to apply resting positioning torques;
  • the first finger eliminates the use of a passive ratchet whose machining is more complex and the cost therefore more expensive.
  • the proposed solution decreases the total cost of the locking device while improving its functionality since now the angular travel of the gear wheel is always bounded.
  • the person skilled in the art will also be able to observe that the manner of actuating the pawls 5 meshing with the toothed wheel is completely transparent for the device and the locking method described, so that it applies equally to clockwork wheels. electromechanical than purely mechanical.
  • the desired sequence is preferably obtained by electronic programming; however, an embodiment can be conceived according to which at least the lowering and raising movements of the fingers can be controlled by a cam.
  • the finger actuators are, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, electrostatic in the context of an implementation of a micromotor locking device for wristwatches, it is also possible to imagine using hydraulic actuators. for other horological applications.
  • the shape of the bevel teeth illustrated according to the figures described and which tends to rotate the toothed wheel counterclockwise could be modified by a similar shape in the other direction or for example in niche to ensure complete blockage of the wheel even in case of impact.
  • a slot form would make it impossible to release the tooth under the action of forces external to the system, thanks to the cooperation with a shape identical but corresponding inverse slot for the end of the locking fingers 8.9.
  • the form of teeth shown in the figures is, however, adapted to mesh cogwheels in the direction of clockwise, and thus allows an easy association with needle wheel display for example.
  • Training module 2 Motor actuator 3 Mobile stylus of the actuator 4 Direction of oscillations of the mobile stylus 5 Active ratchet of the actuator 6 Passive ratchet 7 Gear wheel 8 First blocking finger 9 Second locking finger 10 First stop for the second locking finger 11 Second stop for the second locking finger 12 Actuator of the first locking finger 13 Actuator of the second locking finger 14 Programmable circuit for actuating the locking fingers 15 First stop element of the first locking finger 16 Second stop element of the first locking finger AT Step of lowering the first locking finger B Step of driving the gearwheel and the second locking finger VS First finger recovery step D Active ratchet return step in the opposite direction to the gear drive E1 Step of lowering the second locking finger E2 Step of return of the second blocking finger F Step of raising the second locking finger 110 State of the system at rest, two fingers raised on two consecutive teeth, second finger raised against the first stop 010 State of the system allowing the incrementation of a tooth, first finger down, second finger raised against the first stop 011 State of the system after the incrementation of a tooth, second finger raised and against

Abstract

The device has a locking finger (8) that entirely locks rotation of a toothed wheel (7) when the finger is engaged in one of set of teeth of the toothed wheel. Another finger is arranged between a set of stop members (10, 11). A space between the stop members limits an angular travel of the toothed wheel when the latter finger is engaged in one of teeth of the toothed wheel. The locking finger is controlled by an electrostatic or hydraulic actuator. The locking finger is formed in a notched shape. An independent claim is also included for a method for locking and unitary incrementation of a drive module.

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne un mécanisme de blocage pour module d'entraînement horloger. L'invention est particulièrement adaptée notamment à des micromoteurs électromécaniques pour montres bracelets.The present invention relates to a locking mechanism for watchmaking training module. The invention is particularly suitable in particular for electromechanical micromotors for wristwatches.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Les moteurs pas-à-pas sont bien connus pour transformer des impulsions électriques en mouvement mécanique rotatif. Le premier moteur pas-à-pas a été inventé en 1936 par M. LAVET pour l'industrie horlogère; et désormais de tels moteurs se retrouvent dans la plupart des montres à quartz à aiguilles pour en entraîner le mouvement. Ce type de moteur est du reste très courant dans tous les dispositifs où l'on souhaite faire du contrôle de vitesse ou de positionnement.Stepper motors are well known for turning electrical pulses into rotating mechanical motion. The first step-by-step engine was invented in 1936 by Mr. LAVET for the watch industry; and now such engines are found in most needle quartz watches to drive the movement. This type of motor is also very common in all devices where it is desired to control the speed or positioning.

Les moteurs « LAVET » possèdent des aimants permanents qui permettent de générer des positionnements stables entre des impulsions électriques. Le couple permanent ainsi exercé sur le rotor, i.e. la partie rotative du moteur, est censé en éviter tout mouvement intempestif, même lors de chocs sur la montre. Le couple permanent, choisi en général très largement supérieur au couple moteur, a aussi pour vocation d'empêcher toute incrémentation de plus d'un pas simultanément. Ces couples de positionnement n'assurent toutefois pas totalement le blocage intégral et l'indexation incrémentale des roues engrenées; des systèmes d'encliquetage ont par conséquent été proposés pour coopérer avec ces moteurs et améliorer les fonctionnalités de maintien et de blocage, comme par exemple dans le document de brevet US4647218 . Dans ce document, un moteur LAVET entraîne une roue en rotation de 180 degrés à chaque impulsion électrique, soit toutes les minutes; cette roue est équipée à deux extrémités diamétralement opposées d'ergots qui s'engagent dans des fentes radiales successives de la roue des minutes. Ainsi, entre chaque impulsion, les deux ergots sont engagés dans deux fentes radiales successives de la roue des minutes et en bloquent tout mouvement possible.The "LAVET" motors have permanent magnets that can generate stable positions between electrical pulses. The permanent torque thus exerted on the rotor, ie the rotating part of the engine, is supposed to prevent any inadvertent movement, even during shocks on the watch. The permanent torque, generally chosen to be much greater than the engine torque, is also intended to prevent incrementing more than one step simultaneously. These positioning torques do not, however, fully guarantee the integral locking and the incremental indexing of the meshing wheels; snap-in systems have therefore been proposed to cooperate with these motors and to improve the holding and locking functions, as for example in the patent document. US4647218 . In this document, a LAVET motor drives a wheel rotating 180 degrees at each electrical pulse, every minute; this wheel is equipped at two diametrically opposite ends with lugs which engage in successive radial slots of the minute wheel. Thus, between each pulse, the two lugs are engaged in two successive radial slots of the minute wheel and block any possible movement.

Désormais d'autres types de moteurs pas-à-pas sont disponibles, par exemple le micromoteur électromécanique décrit dans le document EP1921520 de la demanderesse, qui comprend un actionneur linéaire muni d'un cliquet actif pour entraîner le rotor en rotation, et d'un cliquet passif pour empêcher la rotation du rotor dans le sens contraire lors du retour de l'actionneur durant ses oscillations. Pour un tel moteur, les mêmes fonctionnalités de blocage et d'incrémentation unitaires seraient également souhaitables; il apparaît toutefois clairement que le mécanisme d'encliquetage décrit plus haut, spécifique à un moteur LAVET, n'est pas adéquat.Now other types of stepper motors are available, for example the electromechanical micromotor described in the document EP1921520 of the applicant, which comprises a linear actuator provided with an active pawl for driving the rotor in rotation, and a passive pawl to prevent rotation of the rotor in the opposite direction during the return of the actuator during its oscillations. For such an engine, the same blocking and incrementing features would also be desirable; however, it is clear that the latching mechanism described above, specific to a LAVET motor, is not adequate.

Bref résumé de l'inventionBrief summary of the invention

Un but de la présente invention est de proposer un nouveau mécanisme qui assure le blocage dans des positions d'indexations stables, et empêche parallèlement toute incrémentation d'une roue engrenée de plus d'une unité simultanément.An object of the present invention is to provide a new mechanism which locks in stable indexing positions, and simultaneously prevents incrementation of an interlocked wheel by more than one unit simultaneously.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un mécanisme de blocage pouvant s'appliquer à tout type de moteur pas-à-pas, et pas uniquement à un moteur de type « LAVET ».Another object of the present invention is to propose a locking mechanism that can be applied to any type of stepper motor, and not only to a "LAVET" type motor.

Ces buts sont atteints notamment grâce à un dispositif pour le blocage et l'incrémentation unitaire d'un module d'entraînement 1 pour rouage horloger, comprenant un actionneur 2 muni d'un cliquet actif 5 coopérant avec une roue dentée 7. Le dispositif comprend un premier 8 et un deuxième doigt 9 coopérant avec la roue dentée 7, et est caractérisé en ce que:

  • le premier doigt 8 bloque intégralement la rotation de ladite roue dentée 7 lorsqu'il est engagé dans une des dents de ladite roue dentée 7; et que
  • le deuxième doigt 9 est disposé entre une première 10 et une deuxième butée 11, l'espacement entre les butées 10,11 limitant la course angulaire de la roue dentée 7 lorsque ledit deuxième doigt 9 est engagé dans une des dents de ladite roue dentée 7.
These aims are achieved in particular by means of a device for blocking and incrementing a unit of a drive unit 1 for clockwork, comprising an actuator 2 provided with an active pawl 5 cooperating with a toothed wheel 7. The device comprises a first 8 and a second finger 9 cooperating with the toothed wheel 7, and is characterized in that :
  • the first finger 8 completely blocks the rotation of said toothed wheel 7 when engaged in one of the teeth of said toothed wheel 7; and
  • the second finger 9 is disposed between a first 10 and a second stop 11, the spacing between the stops 10,11 limiting the angular travel of the toothed wheel 7 when said second finger 9 is engaged in one of the teeth of said toothed wheel 7 .

Ces buts sont également atteints par une méthode de blocage utilisant le dispositif selon la revendication principale et comprenant des étapes de:

  • (A) Abaissement du premier doigt 8 et dégagement de la route dentée (7);
  • (B) Entraînement de la roue dentée 7 en rotation par ledit cliquet actif (5) dudit actionneur 2;
  • (C) Relèvement du premier doigt 8 et engagement dans l'une des dents de la roue dentée 7;
  • (D) Dégagement et retour dudit cliquet actif 5 de l'actionneur 2;
  • (E) Dégagement et retour du deuxième doigt contre la première butée 10;
  • (F) Relèvement du deuxième doigt 9 et engagement dans l'une des dents de ladite roue dentée 7.
These objects are also achieved by a blocking method using the device according to the main claim and comprising steps of:
  • (A) Lowering the first finger 8 and disengaging the toothed road (7);
  • (B) Driving the toothed wheel 7 in rotation by said active pawl (5) of said actuator 2;
  • (C) Raising the first finger 8 and engaging in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel 7;
  • (D) Release and return of said active pawl 5 of the actuator 2;
  • (E) Release and return of the second finger against the first stop 10;
  • (F) Bearing of the second finger 9 and engagement in one of the teeth of said toothed wheel 7.

Un avantage de la solution proposée est d'être applicable ou associée à tout type de moteur pas-à-pas, incluant par exemple des organes réglants pour montres mécaniques, et potentiellement tout type de module d'entraînement horloger.An advantage of the proposed solution is to be applicable or associated with any type of stepper motor, including for example regulating devices for mechanical watches, and potentially any type of clock training module.

Un autre avantage de la solution proposée est de ne plus requérir d'aimants permanents pour stabiliser le positionnement au repos des rouages entraînés par le moteur.Another advantage of the proposed solution is to no longer require permanent magnets to stabilize the rest position of the workings driven by the engine.

Un avantage additionnel de la solution proposée est de dispenser un moteur pas-à-pas électromécanique de cliquets passifs pour empêcher la rotation du rotor dans le sens inverse lors du retour de l'actionneur durant ses oscillations.An additional advantage of the proposed solution is to provide an electromechanical stepper motor passive pawls to prevent the rotation of the rotor in the opposite direction during the return of the actuator during its oscillations.

Par ailleurs, la solution proposée pour le blocage se distingue fondamentalement du système de blocage appliqué au moteur Lavet en ce que la consommation énergétique requise n'est pas liée à la valeur du couple maximum du moteur. Un avantage important de la solution proposée est par conséquent que la consommation énergétique du système de blocage est potentiellement nettement inférieure à celle du moteur lui-même.Furthermore, the proposed solution for the blocking fundamentally differs from the locking system applied to the Lavet engine in that the energy consumption required is not related to the value of the maximum torque of the engine. An important advantage of the proposed solution is therefore that the energy consumption of the locking system is potentially significantly lower than that of the engine itself.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

Des exemples de mise en oeuvre de l'invention sont indiqués dans la description et illustrée par les figures annexées dans lesquelles :

  • La figure 1 illustre une vue de dessus d'un moteur pas-à-pas connu de l'art antérieur et qui sera préférentiellement associé au mécanisme de blocage selon l'invention;
  • La figure 1 bis illustre une vue en coupe, selon le plan du moteur, du détail de l'actionnement de la roue dentée du rotor avec les cliquets actifs et passifs;
  • La figure 2 illustre une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de blocage selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, au repos avant un pas du moteur;
  • La figure 3 illustre une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de blocage selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention durant l'étape d'abaissement du premier doigt de blocage;
  • La figure 4 illustre une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de blocage selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention durant un pas du moteur;
  • La figure 5 illustre une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de blocage selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention lors de la butée du deuxième doigt de blocage;
  • La figure 6 illustre une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de blocage selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention après le relèvement du premier doigt de blocage et durant le retour de l'actionneur et du deuxième doigt de blocage;
  • La figure 7 illustre une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de blocage selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention au repos à la fin d'un pas du moteur;
  • La figure 8 illustre un diagramme d'état synthétisant les différents états du dispositif de blocage et les étapes d'un mode de réalisation préférentiel de la méthode de blocage selon l'invention.
Examples of implementation of the invention are indicated in the description and illustrated by the appended figures in which:
  • The figure 1 illustrates a top view of a step-by-step motor known from the prior art and which will preferably be associated with the locking mechanism according to the invention;
  • The figure 1 bis illustrates a sectional view, according to the plane of the motor, of the detail of the actuation of the toothed wheel of the rotor with the active and passive pawls;
  • The figure 2 illustrates a sectional view of a locking device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at rest before a motor pitch;
  • The figure 3 illustrates a sectional view of a locking device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention during the step of lowering the first locking finger;
  • The figure 4 illustrates a sectional view of a locking device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention during a pitch of the engine;
  • The figure 5 illustrates a sectional view of a locking device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention during the abutment of the second locking finger;
  • The figure 6 illustrates a sectional view of a locking device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention after raising the first locking finger and during the return of the actuator and the second locking finger;
  • The figure 7 illustrates a sectional view of a locking device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention at rest at the end of a motor pitch;
  • The figure 8 illustrates a state diagram summarizing the different states of the blocking device and the steps of a preferred embodiment of the blocking method according to the invention.

Exemple(s) de modes de réalisation de l'inventionExample (s) of Embodiments of the Invention

La figure 1 illustre un module d'entraînement 1, destiné à engrener avec une roue horlogère, comprenant un micromoteur électromécanique de type pas-à-pas connu. Le micromoteur est constitué d'actionneurs 2 qui comportent des stylets mobiles 3 entraînant en rotation un rotor grâce à des cliquets actifs 5 coopérant avec la roue dentée 7 du rotor. Etant donné leur fonction active d'entraînement du rotor 5, utilise aussi souvent la terminologie d'actionneur « moteur » pour les actionneurs 2. Cette coopération entre la route dentée 7 et les cliquets, ainsi que le mécanisme d'entraînement séquentiel du rotor en rotation sont précisément illustrés en détail sur la figure 1 bis qui est un agrandissement de la figure 1 au niveau de la roue dentée 7, à 5 heures dans le plan du moteur.The figure 1 illustrates a drive module 1, intended to mesh with a watch wheel, comprising a known step-by-step electromechanical micromotor. The micromotor consists of actuators 2 which comprise moving stylets 3 rotating a rotor through active pawls 5 cooperating with the toothed wheel 7 of the rotor. Because of their active rotor drive function 5, the "actuator" actuator terminology for the actuators 2 is also often used. This cooperation between the toothed road 7 and the ratchets, as well as the sequential drive mechanism of the rotor rotation are precisely illustrated in detail on the figure 1 bis which is an enlargement of the figure 1 at the gearwheel 7, at 5 o'clock in the plane of the engine.

Sur la figure 1, l'actionneur 2 est composé de deux parties globalement symétriques, la première partie comportant un cliquet actif de poussée et la deuxième partie comportant un cliquet actif de traction afin d'améliorer le rendement du moteur en exerçant un couple plus élevé. Toutefois, l'homme du métier comprendra qu'un seul cliquet de poussée ou un seul cliquet de traction suffit à entraîner le rotor en rotation. Selon le mode de réalisation avantageux représenté, chaque actionneur 2 est associé à un cliquet passif 6, maintenu élastiquement engrené avec la roue dentée 7 de manière à assurer d'une part un positionnement angulaire précis au cours des phases d'entraînement lorsque les stylets 3 sont déplacés, et d'autre part pour constituer un mécanisme de blocage de la roue dentée 7 pour en empêcher tout mouvement en arrière.On the figure 1 the actuator 2 is composed of two generally symmetrical parts, the first part comprising an active pusher of thrust and the second part comprising an active traction pawl in order to improve the efficiency of the engine by exerting a higher torque. However, those skilled in the art will understand that a single pawl or pulling pawl is sufficient to drive the rotor in rotation. According to the advantageous embodiment shown, each actuator 2 is associated with a passive pawl 6 held elastically geared with the toothed wheel 7 so as to ensure on the one hand a precise angular positioning during the training phases when the stylets 3 are moved, and secondly to form a locking mechanism of the toothed wheel 7 to prevent any movement back.

La figure 1 bis illustre le mécanisme d'entraînement et d'indexation du moteur pas-à-pas de la figure 1, où un seul cliquet passif 6 et un seul cliquet actif sont représentés. Le cliquet actif 5, situé à l'extrémité du stylet, a des mouvements d'oscillations dans la direction 4 tangente à la roue dentée 7. Les indentations de la roue dentée 7 tendent à l'entraîner dans un mouvement dans le sens de rotation anti-horaire lors de mouvements de traction du stylet 3, alors que chaque dent du cliquet passif 6 associé donne alors des positions d'indexation pour la rotation de la roue dentée, correspondant typiquement à un pas du moteur. Par ailleurs, lors du mouvement de retour du stylet 3 dans la même direction tangente 4 à la roue dentée 7, mais en sens inverse, le cliquet passif 6 empêche au cliquet actif 5 d'entraîner la roue dentée 7 en sens inverse et de maintenir la position angulaire de la route dentée 7 entre chaque pas. Ce mécanisme de blocage et d'indexation décrit ne permet toutefois pas d'empêcher toute accélération indésirable de la roue dentée 7 dans le sens anti-horaire, comme par exemple dans le cas d'un couple moteur trop important exercé par le ou les cliquets actifs 5 si les impulsions électriques générées par les actionneurs 2 sont d'une trop grande amplitude, ou encore entre les pas du moteur si des chocs sont subis par le boîtier de la montre contenant un tel moteur électromécanique.The figure 1 bis illustrates the drive mechanism and indexing of the stepper motor of the figure 1 where only one passive pawl 6 and one active pawl are shown. The active pawl 5, located at the end of the stylet, has oscillating movements in the direction 4 tangent to the toothed wheel 7. The indentations of the toothed wheel 7 tend to drive it in a movement in the direction of rotation anti-clockwise during traction movements of the stylus 3, while each tooth of the associated passive pawl 6 then gives indexing positions for the rotation of the toothed wheel, typically corresponding to a pitch of the motor. Moreover, during the return movement of the stylet 3 in the same tangent direction 4 to the toothed wheel 7, but in the opposite direction, the passive pawl 6 prevents the active pawl 5 from driving the toothed wheel 7 in the opposite direction and to maintain the angular position of the toothed road 7 between each step. This locking and indexing mechanism described does not, however, prevent any unwanted acceleration of the toothed wheel 7 in the counter-clockwise direction, as for example in the case of excessive engine torque exerted by the ratchet or pawls active 5 if the electrical impulses generated by the actuators 2 are of too great amplitude, or even between the steps of the engine if shocks are experienced by the watch case containing such an electromechanical motor.

Les figures 2 à 7 illustrent un mode de réalisation préférentiel du mécanisme de blocage et d'indexation selon l'invention, qui permettent de pallier ces lacunes de l'art antérieur. Elles représentent toutes une vue en coupe dans le plan de rotation d'une roue dentée 7 entraînée par un cliquet actif 5 qui s'engage dans les dents de la roue dentée 7 et se déplace linéairement par des mouvements d'oscillations selon une direction tangente à la roue dentée 7 au niveau de l'encliquetage, ainsi que le dispositif de blocage, composé notamment de deux doigts de blocage distincts 8 et 9, dans différentes positions selon l'état du mécanisme. Selon le mode de réalisation préférentiel illustré, le premier doigt de blocage 8 est logé entre deux éléments d'arrêt 15,16 de telle sorte qu'il est guidé pour n'avoir que des mouvements verticaux ne posséder ainsi qu'un seul degré de liberté en translation. Selon un mode de réalisation alternatif, ce degré de liberté pourrait toutefois aussi être en rotation. Ce premier doigt a pour vocation de bloquer tout mouvement de rotation de la roue dentée lorsqu'il est engagé dans une de ses dents. Le deuxième doigt de blocage 9 est agencé entre deux butées 10 et 11, de telle sorte qu'il limite la course angulaire de la roue dentée lorsqu'il est engagé dans l'une de ses dents. Selon le mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention représenté, l'espacement entre les butées 10,11 limite la course angulaire de la roue dentée 7 au déplacement d'une seule dent, correspondant ainsi à un pas du moteur. Les références aux butées 10,11 ainsi qu'aux éléments d'arrêt seront illustrées sur toutes les figures suivantes 3 à 7, qui décrivent les mouvements des doigts lors de différentes étapes de blocage, sans toutefois être systématiquement mentionnées à nouveau dans la description.The Figures 2 to 7 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the locking and indexing mechanism according to the invention, which make it possible to overcome these shortcomings of the prior art. They all represent a sectional view in the plane of rotation of a toothed wheel 7 driven by an active pawl 5 which engages in the teeth of the toothed wheel 7 and moves linearly by oscillation movements in a tangent direction to the toothed wheel 7 at the snap, and the locking device, composed in particular of two separate locking fingers 8 and 9, in different positions depending on the state of the mechanism. According to the preferred embodiment illustrated, the first locking pin 8 is housed between two stop elements 15, 16 so that it is guided to have only vertical movements and thus to have only one degree of freedom in translation. According to an alternative embodiment, this degree of freedom could, however, also be rotated. This first finger is intended to block any rotational movement of the toothed wheel when engaged in one of his teeth. The second locking finger 9 is arranged between two stops 10 and 11, so that it limits the angular travel of the toothed wheel when engaged in one of its teeth. According to the preferred embodiment of the invention shown, the spacing between the stops 10,11 limits the angular travel of the toothed wheel 7 to the displacement of a single tooth, thus corresponding to a pitch of the motor. The references to stops 10, 11 and stop elements will be illustrated in all the following figures 3 to 7, which describe the movements of the fingers during different stages of blocking, without however being systematically mentioned again in the description.

La figure 2 illustre le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention dans un état au repos, avant un pas du moteur. Dans cet état, les deux doigts de blocage 8 et 9 sont levés, et logés dans deux dents consécutives de la roue dentée 7. Le deuxième doigt de blocage 9 est par ailleurs logé contre la première butée 10. Dans cet état du système, le cliquet 5 est engagé dans une des dents 71 de la roue dentée 7, et se déplace selon des mouvements d'oscillation linéaires suivant la flèche 4 (NB: le stylet mobile, présent sur les figures 1 et 1 bis, n'est plus matérialisé sur cette figure ni sur les suivantes car il n'est pas nécessaire à la compréhension du mécanisme de blocage ci-décrit ci-après). La référence à cette dent 71 engrenée par le cliquet actif 5 est illustrée dans toutes les figures suivantes 3 à 7, sans toutefois être systématiquement mentionnée à nouveau dans la description.The figure 2 illustrates the locking device according to the invention in a state at rest, before a motor step. In this state, the two fingers of 8 and 9 are raised, and housed in two consecutive teeth of the toothed wheel 7. The second locking finger 9 is also housed against the first stop 10. In this state of the system, the pawl 5 is engaged in one of the teeth 71 of the toothed wheel 7, and moves according to linear oscillation movements according to the arrow 4 (NB: the mobile stylet, present on the Figures 1 and 1 bis, is no longer shown in this figure or on the following because it is not necessary to understand the locking mechanism described below). The reference to this tooth 71 engaged by the active pawl 5 is illustrated in all the following figures 3 to 7, without however being systematically mentioned again in the description.

La figure 3 illustre le dispositif de blocage durant l'étape d'abaissement (flèche A) du premier doigt de blocage 9. Selon le mode de réalisation préférentiel représenté, on peut constater que le seul degré de liberté du premier doigt de blocage 8 est en translation selon un rayon de la roue dentée 7, soit perpendiculairement au mouvement de l'actionneur et du cliquet actif 5, comme on le verra sur les figures suivantes. Une fois cet abaissement effectué, la roue dentée 7 peut être entraînée en rotation; toutefois, dans cet état du système le deuxième doigt de blocage 9 est toujours logé contre la première butée 10, bien qu'il possède un degré de liberté en translation entre les deux butées 10 et 11.The figure 3 illustrates the locking device during the lowering step (arrow A) of the first locking finger 9. According to the preferred embodiment shown, it can be seen that the only degree of freedom of the first locking finger 8 is in translation according to a radius of the toothed wheel 7, ie perpendicular to the movement of the actuator and the active pawl 5, as will be seen in the following figures. Once this lowering is performed, the toothed wheel 7 can be rotated; however, in this state of the system the second locking finger 9 is always housed against the first stop 10, although it has a degree of freedom in translation between the two stops 10 and 11.

La figure 4 illustre le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention durant un pas du moteur, i.e. lorsque la roue dentée 7 est entraînée en rotation par le cliquet actif 5 (étape B, illustrée par les flèches B correspondantes). La rotation de la roue dentée 7, dans une des dents de laquelle le deuxième doigt de blocage 9 est engagé, entraîne donc ce doigt 9 dans le même mouvement de translation que celui du cliquet, selon la flèche (B), dans une direction tangente à la roue et le sens correspondant à un de ses deux degrés de liberté. La route dentée 7 s'arrête dès que le deuxième doigt 9 est positionné contre la deuxième butée 11, qui empêche toute rotation supplémentaire de la roue dentée.The figure 4 illustrates the locking device according to the invention during a pitch of the motor, ie when the toothed wheel 7 is rotated by the active pawl 5 (step B, illustrated by the corresponding arrows B). The rotation of the toothed wheel 7, in one of the teeth of which the second locking finger 9 is engaged, thus causes the finger 9 in the same translational movement as that of the pawl, according to the arrow (B), in a tangent direction to the wheel and the meaning corresponding to one of its two degrees of freedom. The toothed road 7 stops as soon as the second finger 9 is positioned against the second stop 11, which prevents any further rotation of the toothed wheel.

La figure 5 illustre le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention, dans l'état de blocage du deuxième doigt de blocage 9 contre la butée 11. La flèche (C) illustre l'étape de relèvement du premier doigt de blocage 8 qui vient à s'engager dans l'une des dents de la roue dentée et bloque ainsi tout mouvement de la roue dentée 7, même dans le sens inverse de celui dans lequel elle a été activée jusqu'alors, i.e. dans le sens des aiguille d'une montre pour le mode de réalisation décrit. Une fois cette étape achevée, le dispositif se trouvera donc à nouveau dans un état stable, empêchant tout mouvement de rotation de la roue dentée, mais avec cette fois les deux doigts 8,9 espacés de deux dents, contrairement à la figure 2 où les deux doigts étaient logés dans deux dents consécutives de la roue. La course angulaire de la roue dentée 7 correspond donc, selon le mode de réalisation illustré, à au maximum une dent de la route dentée 7.The figure 5 illustrates the locking device according to the invention, in the blocking state of the second locking finger 9 against the stop 11. The arrow (C) illustrates the step of raising the first locking finger 8 which is to engage in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel and thus blocks any movement of the toothed wheel 7, even in the opposite direction to that in which it was activated until then, ie in the direction of the clockwise for the described embodiment. Once this step is completed, the device will be again in a stable state, preventing any rotational movement of the toothed wheel, but this time with the two fingers 8,9 spaced apart from two teeth, unlike the figure 2 where the two fingers were housed in two consecutive teeth of the wheel. The angular travel of the toothed wheel 7 therefore corresponds, according to the illustrated embodiment, to at most one tooth of the toothed road 7.

La figure 6 illustre le dispositif de blocage après le relèvement du premier doigt de blocage et durant les étapes de retour de l'actionneur (flèche D) et du deuxième doigt de blocage (flèche E2), qui a au préalable dû être abaissé (flèche E1) pour être dégagé de la dent pour permettre le mouvement de translation dans le même sens que le cliquet 5. Les étapes (D) et (E2) de retour du cliquet actif 5 et du deuxième doigt 9 peuvent être exécutées indépendamment l'une de l'autre et séquentiellement dans n'importe quel ordre. Elles pourront toutefois, selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, être exécutées simultanément, par exemple en programmant un actionneur distinct de celui (non représenté sur cette figure, correspondant à la référence 2 sur la figure 1) commandant le cliquet actif 5 pour agir sur le deuxième doigt 9 lors du mouvement de retour du cliquet 5, ou encore en couplant l'actionneur du cliquet actif 5 (référence numéro 2 de la figure 1) au deuxième doigt 9 par l'intermédiaire d'une tige (non représentée), de telle sorte que tout mouvement de l'actionneur 2 en translation selon la direction des oscillations de l'actionneur (voir flèche 4 sur la figure 2), et en particulier le sens du retour (flèche D sur cette figure), s'accompagne d'un mouvement identique en translation du deuxième doigt 9. Un tel couplage permettrait du reste également le dégagement simultané du cliquet 5 et du deuxième doigt 9 des dents respectives dans lesquelles ils sont engagés.The figure 6 illustrates the locking device after raising the first locking finger and during the return steps of the actuator (arrow D) and the second locking finger (arrow E2), which had to be lowered beforehand (arrow E1) for to be released from the tooth to allow the translation movement in the same direction as the pawl 5. The steps (D) and (E2) of the return of the active pawl 5 and the second finger 9 can be executed independently one of the other and sequentially in any order. They may however, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, be executed simultaneously, for example by programming an actuator distinct from that (not shown in this figure, corresponding to the reference 2 on the figure 1 ) controlling the active pawl 5 to act on the second finger 9 during the return movement of the pawl 5, or by coupling the actuator of the active pawl 5 (reference number 2 of the figure 1 ) to the second finger 9 via a rod (not shown), so that any movement of the actuator 2 in translation in the direction of the oscillations of the actuator (see arrow 4 on the figure 2 ), and in particular the direction of the return (arrow D in this figure), is accompanied by an identical movement in translation of the second finger 9. Such a coupling would allow the also remains the simultaneous release of the pawl 5 and the second finger 9 of the respective teeth in which they are engaged.

La figure 7 illustre le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention au repos à la fin d'un pas du moteur, i.e. une fois que le deuxième doigt 8 est revenu en butée contre la première butée 10 et qu'il a été relevé dans une des dents de la roue dentée 7 (étape F, illustrée par la flèche correspondante sur la figure). On pourra constater que la disposition des deux doigts 8,9 de blocage est identique à celle de la figure 2, ainsi que celle du cliquet 5 par rapport aux doigts 8,9. Le cliquet 5 est cependant désormais positionné derrière la dent 71 dans laquelle il était engagé avant le pas du moteur.The figure 7 illustrates the locking device according to the invention at rest at the end of a step of the motor, ie once the second finger 8 has returned in abutment against the first stop 10 and that it has been raised in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel 7 (step F, illustrated by the corresponding arrow in the figure). It will be seen that the arrangement of the two locking fingers 8, 9 is identical to that of the figure 2 , as well as that of the pawl 5 with respect to the fingers 8, 9. The pawl 5, however, is now positioned behind the tooth 71 in which it was engaged before the engine pitch.

La comparaison des étapes décrites à l'aide des différentes figures permet de constater que, selon le mode de réalisation préférentiel du mécanisme de blocage décrit, le premier doigt 8 possède un degré de liberté en translation, verticalement selon les figures, pour être élevé ou abaissé, et ainsi engagé ou dégagé dans l'une des dents de la roue dentée 7, et que le deuxième doigt 9 possède ce même degré de liberté en translation, ainsi qu'un degré de liberté en translation additionnel entre les butées 10 et 11, horizontal selon les figures, et qui correspond à la direction des oscillations 4 du cliquet actif 5 ainsi qu'à la tangente à la roue dentée 7 au niveau de l'engrenage avec le doigt 9. On pourra toutefois constater qu'aucune corrélation n'est nécessaire entre les degrés de liberté des deux doigts de blocage 8,9 pour garantir le bon fonctionnement de l'invention, ni la direction du mouvement des translations qui ne sont pas nécessairement verticales et respectivement horizontales. Par ailleurs, il a déjà été précisé plus haut que le degré de liberté pour engager et dégager les dents pourrait aussi être, aussi bien pour le premier doigt 8 que le deuxième doigt 9, non pas en translation mais potentiellement en rotation. Toutes les combinaisons entre les degrés de liberté et le type de liberté de chaque doigt 8,9 sont possibles dans le cadre de l'invention.The comparison of the steps described with the help of the various figures makes it possible to observe that, according to the preferred embodiment of the locking mechanism described, the first finger 8 has a degree of freedom in translation, vertically according to the figures, to be high or lowered, and thus engaged or disengaged in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel 7, and the second finger 9 has the same degree of freedom in translation, and a degree of freedom in additional translation between the stops 10 and 11 , horizontal according to the figures, and which corresponds to the direction of the oscillations 4 of the active pawl 5 and the tangent to the toothed wheel 7 at the gear with the finger 9. However, it can be seen that no correlation n is required between the degrees of freedom of the two locking fingers 8,9 to ensure the proper functioning of the invention, nor the direction of movement of translations that are not necessarily worm tical and respectively horizontal. Moreover, it has already been mentioned above that the degree of freedom to engage and release the teeth could also be, both for the first finger 8 than the second finger 9, not in translation but potentially in rotation. All combinations between the degrees of freedom and the type of freedom of each finger 8,9 are possible within the scope of the invention.

Sur la figure 7, on peut également distinguer un circuit électronique 14, de préférence programmable, pour gérer les séquences de mouvements des doigts de blocage 8 et 9. Ce circuit 14 a été rajouté sur cette figure car il correspond à un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, selon lequel les mouvements des doigts 8,9 sont commandés par des signaux électriques provoquant le mouvement d'actionneurs électrostatiques 12,13 couplés respectivement à chaque doigt 8,9. Sur cette figure, l'actionneur moteur 2 a par ailleurs été rajouté pour éviter toute confusion avec les actionneurs 12,13 des doigts 8,9.On the figure 7 , it is also possible to distinguish an electronic circuit 14, preferably programmable, for managing the sequences of movements of the locking fingers 8 and 9. This circuit 14 has been added to this figure because it corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the invention, according to which the movements of the fingers 8, 9 are controlled by electrical signals causing the movement electrostatic actuators 12,13 respectively coupled to each finger 8,9. In this figure, the motor actuator 2 has also been added to avoid confusion with the actuators 12,13 of the fingers 8,9.

La séquence des mouvements des doigts 8,9 suit les étapes mentionnées précédemment et qui sont synthétisées dans le diagramme d'état de la figure 8, dans lequel les trois chiffres décrivant l'état du système de blocage correspondent respectivement:

  • 1er chiffre: à l'état du premier doigt 8 ; 0 = baissé, 1= levé;
  • 2e chiffre: à l'état du deuxième doigt 9; 0 = baissé, 1 = levé;
  • 3e chiffre : au positionnement du deuxième doigt 9; 0 = contre la première butée 10; 1 = contre la deuxième butée 11.
The sequence of the movements of the fingers 8,9 follows the steps mentioned above and which are synthesized in the state diagram of the figure 8 , in which the three figures describing the state of the blocking system respectively correspond to:
  • 1st digit: in the state of the first finger 8; 0 = lowered, 1 = raised;
  • 2nd digit: in the state of the second finger 9; 0 = lowered, 1 = raised;
  • 3rd digit: the positioning of the second finger 9; 0 = against the first stop 10; 1 = against the second stop 11.

L'abaissement du premier doigt 8 après son dégagement de ladite route dentée 7 correspond à une première étape A faisant passer de l'état 110 stable du système « au repos »; à un état 010 dans lequel la rotation de la roue dentée est possible.The lowering of the first finger 8 after its release from said toothed road 7 corresponds to a first step A passing from the stable state 110 of the system "at rest"; at a state 010 in which the rotation of the toothed wheel is possible.

L'entraînement de la roue dentée 7 en rotation par le cliquet actif 5 de l'actionneur 2 correspond à une deuxième étape B, qui entraîne le mouvement du deuxième doigt de blocage 9 de la butée 10 selon l'état 010 du système, vers l'autre butée 11, qui bloque la course de la roue dentée plus avant et amène alors le système dans l'état 011.The driving of the toothed wheel 7 in rotation by the active pawl 5 of the actuator 2 corresponds to a second step B, which causes the movement of the second locking pin 9 of the abutment 10 according to the state 010 of the system, towards the other stop 11, which blocks the stroke of the gearwheel further and then brings the system into the state 011.

Le relèvement dudit premier doigt 8, le conduisant à être engagé dans l'une des dents de la roue dentée 7 pour la bloquer à nouveau complètement, constitue une troisième étape C, faisant passer le système de l'état 011 à un état 111 stable.The raising of said first finger 8, causing it to be engaged in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel 7 to completely block it again, constitutes a third step C, moving the system from state 011 to a stable state 111 .

L'étape D de dégagement et de retour du cliquet actif 5 de l'actionneur 2 ne modifie pas l'état du système de blocage; toutefois l'étape E correspondante de dégagement et retour du deuxième doigt contre la première butée 10 peut être scindée en deux sous-étapes E1, d'abaissement du deuxième doigt amenant le système de l'état 111 à l'état 101, et E2, amenant le système de l'état 101 à 100. Selon une variante d'implémentation préférentielle de la méthode de blocage, les étapes D et E de dégagement et retour du cliquet actifs 5 et du deuxième doigt 9 ont lieu simultanément.Step D of disengagement and return of the active pawl 5 of the actuator 2 does not change the state of the locking system; however the corresponding step E disengagement and return of the second finger against the first stop 10 can be split into two substeps E1, lowering the second finger bringing the system of the state 111 to the state 101, and E2, bringing the system of the state 101 to 100. According to a variant of preferential implementation of the blocking method, the steps D and E of release and return of the active pawl 5 and the second finger 9 take place simultaneously.

Enfin, l'étape F de relèvement du deuxième doigt 9 qui le conduit à l'engager dans l'une des dents de la roue dentée 7 ramène le système à l'état initial 110 dit « de repos » et termine ainsi le cycle d'incrémentation d'un pas du moteur.Finally, the step F of raising the second finger 9 which leads it to engage in one of the teeth of the toothed wheel 7 brings the system to the initial state 110 said "rest" and thus ends the cycle of incrementation of a motor pitch.

Le séquencement décrit, qui garantit que toujours qu'au moins un des deux doigts est engagé dans une des dents, permet soit de maintenir le dispositif de blocage dans un état « stable », i.e. dans lequel la roue dentée est immobilisée totalement (cas du premier doigt engagé dans la denture de la roue 7), soit dans un état « borné », i.e. dans lequel la course de la roue dentée est limitée (cas du deuxième doigt 9 engagé dans la denture de la roue 7). L'obtention d'états stables selon l'invention ne nécessite donc plus l'usage d'aimants pour appliquer des couples de positionnement au repos; par ailleurs, le premier doigt dispense de l'usage d'un cliquet passif dont l'usinage est plus complexe et le coût par conséquent plus onéreux. Par conséquent, la solution proposée diminue le coût total du dispositif de blocage tout en améliorant ses fonctionnalités puisque désormais la course angulaire de la roue dentée est toujours bornée. L'homme du métier pourra du reste constater que la manière d'actionner les cliquets 5 engrenant la roue dentée est totalement transparente pour le dispositif et la méthode de blocage décrits, de telle sorte qu'il s'applique aussi bien à des rouages horlogers électromécaniques que purement mécaniques.The sequencing described, which ensures that always at least one of the two fingers is engaged in one of the teeth, allows either to maintain the locking device in a "stable" state, ie in which the toothed wheel is completely immobilized (case of first finger engaged in the toothing of the wheel 7), either in a "bounded" state, ie in which the travel of the toothed wheel is limited (in the case of the second finger 9 engaged in the toothing of the wheel 7). Obtaining stable states according to the invention therefore no longer requires the use of magnets to apply resting positioning torques; Moreover, the first finger eliminates the use of a passive ratchet whose machining is more complex and the cost therefore more expensive. Therefore, the proposed solution decreases the total cost of the locking device while improving its functionality since now the angular travel of the gear wheel is always bounded. The person skilled in the art will also be able to observe that the manner of actuating the pawls 5 meshing with the toothed wheel is completely transparent for the device and the locking method described, so that it applies equally to clockwork wheels. electromechanical than purely mechanical.

Selon le mode de réalisation préférentiel illustré par la figure 7, la séquence voulue est de préférence obtenu par programmation électronique; on pourra toutefois concevoir un mode de réalisation selon lequel au moins les mouvements d'abaissement et de relèvement des doigts peuvent être commandés par une came.According to the preferred embodiment illustrated by the figure 7 the desired sequence is preferably obtained by electronic programming; however, an embodiment can be conceived according to which at least the lowering and raising movements of the fingers can be controlled by a cam.

Par ailleurs, bien que les actionneurs des doigts sont, selon une variante préférentielle de l'invention, électrostatiques dans le cadre d'une implémentation d'un dispositif de blocage pour micromoteur destiné à des montres bracelets, on pourra aussi imaginer utiliser des actionneurs hydrauliques pour d'autres applications horlogères. De même, la forme des dents en biseau illustrée selon les figures décrites et qui tend à faire tourner la roue dentée dans les sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre pourrait être modifiée par une forme similaire dans l'autre sens ou par exemple en créneau afin d'assurer le blocage total de la roue même en cas de choc. En effet, une telle forme en créneau (non représentée) rendrait impossible le dégagement de la dent sous l'action de forces extérieures au système, grâce à la coopération avec une forme en créneau identique mais inverse correspondante pour l'extrémité des doigts de blocage 8,9. La forme de dents illustrée sur les figures est toutefois adaptée pour engrener des roues dentées dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre, et permet donc une association aisée à rouage d'affichage à aiguilles par exemple.Furthermore, although the finger actuators are, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, electrostatic in the context of an implementation of a micromotor locking device for wristwatches, it is also possible to imagine using hydraulic actuators. for other horological applications. Similarly, the shape of the bevel teeth illustrated according to the figures described and which tends to rotate the toothed wheel counterclockwise could be modified by a similar shape in the other direction or for example in niche to ensure complete blockage of the wheel even in case of impact. Indeed, such a slot form (not shown) would make it impossible to release the tooth under the action of forces external to the system, thanks to the cooperation with a shape identical but corresponding inverse slot for the end of the locking fingers 8.9. The form of teeth shown in the figures is, however, adapted to mesh cogwheels in the direction of clockwise, and thus allows an easy association with needle wheel display for example.

Liste des référencesList of references

11 Module d'entraînementTraining module 22 Actionneur moteurMotor actuator 33 Stylet mobile de l'actionneurMobile stylus of the actuator 44 Direction des oscillations du stylet mobileDirection of oscillations of the mobile stylus 55 Cliquet actif de l'actionneurActive ratchet of the actuator 66 Cliquet passifPassive ratchet 77 Roue dentéeGear wheel 88 Premier doigt de blocageFirst blocking finger 99 Deuxième doigt de blocageSecond locking finger 1010 Première butée pour le deuxième doigt de blocageFirst stop for the second locking finger 1111 Deuxième butée pour le deuxième doigt de blocageSecond stop for the second locking finger 1212 Actionneur du premier doigt de blocageActuator of the first locking finger 1313 Actionneur du deuxième doigt de blocageActuator of the second locking finger 1414 Circuit programmable pour l'actionnement des doigts de blocageProgrammable circuit for actuating the locking fingers 1515 Premier élément d'arrêt du premier doigt de blocageFirst stop element of the first locking finger 1616 Deuxième élément d'arrêt du premier doigt de blocageSecond stop element of the first locking finger AAT Etape d'abaissement du premier doigt de blocageStep of lowering the first locking finger BB Etape d'entraînement de la roue dentée et du deuxième doigt de blocageStep of driving the gearwheel and the second locking finger CVS Etape de relèvement du premier doigtFirst finger recovery step DD Etape de retour du cliquet actif dans le sens inverse de l'entraînement de la roue dentéeActive ratchet return step in the opposite direction to the gear drive E1E1 Etape d'abaissement du deuxième doigt de blocageStep of lowering the second locking finger E2E2 Etape de retour du deuxième doigt de blocageStep of return of the second blocking finger FF Etape de relèvement du deuxième doigt de blocageStep of raising the second locking finger 110110 Etat du système au repos, deux doigts levés sur deux dents consécutives, deuxième doigt levé contre la première butéeState of the system at rest, two fingers raised on two consecutive teeth, second finger raised against the first stop 010010 Etat du système permettant l'incrémentation d'une dent, premier doigt baissé, deuxième doigt levé contre la première butéeState of the system allowing the incrementation of a tooth, first finger down, second finger raised against the first stop 011011 Etat du système après l'incrémentation d'une dent, deuxième doigt levé et contre la deuxième butée, premier doigt toujours baisséState of the system after the incrementation of a tooth, second finger raised and against the second stop, first finger always lowered 111111 Etat du système en blocage complet après l'incrémentation d'une dent, deuxième doigt levé et contre la deuxième butée, premier doigt levéState of the system in complete blocking after the incrementation of a tooth, second finger raised and against the second stop, first raised finger 101101 Etat du système en blocage complet, premier doigt levé, deuxième doigt abaissé contre la deuxième butéeState of the system in complete blockage, first finger raised, second finger lowered against the second stop 100100 Etat du système en blocage complet, premier doigt levé, deuxième doigt abaissé contre la première butéeState of the system in complete blockage, first raised finger, second finger lowered against the first stop

Claims (13)

Dispositif pour le blocage et l'incrémentation unitaire d'un module d'entraînement (1) pour rouage horloger, ledit module (1) comprenant un actionneur (2) muni d'un cliquet actif (5) coopérant avec une roue dentée (7), ledit dispositif comprenant un premier (8) et un deuxième doigt (9) coopérant avec ladite route dentée (7), caractérisé en ce que : ledit premier doigt (8) bloque intégralement la rotation de ladite roue dentée (7) lorsqu'il est engagé dans une des dents de ladite roue dentée (7); et que ledit deuxième doigt (9) est disposé entre une première (10) et une deuxième butée (11), l'espacement entre lesdites butées (10,11) limitant la course angulaire de ladite roue dentée (7) lorsque ledit deuxième doigt (9) est engagé dans une des dents de ladite roue dentée (7). Device for blocking and unit incrementing a drive module (1) for clockwork, said module (1) comprising an actuator (2) provided with an active pawl (5) cooperating with a toothed wheel (7) ), said device comprising a first (8) and a second finger (9) cooperating with said toothed road (7), characterized in that : said first finger (8) completely blocks the rotation of said toothed wheel (7) when it is engaged in one of the teeth of said toothed wheel (7); and said second finger (9) is disposed between a first (10) and a second stop (11), the spacing between said stops (10,11) limiting the angular travel of said toothed wheel (7) when said second finger (9) ) is engaged in one of the teeth of said toothed wheel (7). Dispositif selon la revendication précédente, ladite course angulaire de ladite roue dentée (7) étant au maximum d'une dent de ladite route dentée (7).Device according to the preceding claim, said angular travel of said toothed wheel (7) being at most one tooth of said toothed road (7). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, ledit premier doigt de blocage (8) possédant un degré de liberté en translation, et ledit deuxième doigt de blocage (9) possédant deux degrés de liberté en translation.Device according to one of the preceding claims, said first locking finger (8) having a degree of freedom in translation, and said second locking finger (9) having two degrees of freedom in translation. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, ledit premier doigt de blocage (8) possédant un degré de liberté en translation selon un rayon de ladite roue dentée (7), et ledit deuxième doigt de blocage (9) possédant un degré de liberté en translation selon la direction (4) des oscillations dudit cliquet actif(5).Device according to one of the preceding claims, said first locking finger (8) having a degree of freedom in translation along a radius of said toothed wheel (7), and said second locking finger (9) having a degree of freedom in translation in the direction (4) of oscillations of said active pawl (5). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, ledit deuxième doigt (9) possédant le même degré de liberté que ledit premier doigt (8) ainsi qu'un degré de liberté additionnel.Device according to one of the preceding claims, said second finger (9) having the same degree of freedom as said first finger (8) and an additional degree of freedom. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, les dents de ladite roue dentée (7) et l'extrémité desdits doigts de blocage (8,9) présentant une forme en créneaux.Device according to one of the preceding claims, the teeth of said toothed wheel (7) and the end of said locking fingers (8,9) having a crenellated form. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, lesdits doigts (8,9) étant commandés par des actionneurs électrostatiques (13,14) ou hydrauliques.Device according to one of the preceding claims, said fingers (8,9) being controlled by electrostatic actuators (13,14) or hydraulic. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant de plus un circuit électronique programmable pour la commande des signaux d'actionnement desdits doigts (8,9).Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a programmable electronic circuit for controlling the actuation signals of said fingers (8,9). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant de plus un came pour actionner les mouvements desdits doigts (8,9).Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a cam for actuating the movements of said fingers (8,9). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, ledit deuxième doigt (9) étant couplé à l'actionneur (2) dudit cliquet actif (5).Device according to one of the preceding claims, said second finger (9) being coupled to the actuator (2) of said active pawl (5). Méthode pour le blocage et l'incrémentation unitaire d'un module d'entraînement (1) pour rouage horloger utilisant le dispositif de blocage l'une des revendications précédente, ladite méthode comprenant les étapes de: - (A) Abaissement dudit premier doigt (8) et dégagement de ladite route dentée (7); - (B) Entraînement de ladite roue dentée (7) en rotation par ledit cliquet actif (5) dudit actionneur (2); - (C) Relèvement dudit premier doigt (8) et engagement dans l'une des dents de ladite roue dentée (7); - (D) Dégagement et retour dudit cliquet actif (5) dudit actionneur (2); - (E) Dégagement et retour dudit deuxième doigt contre ladite première butée (10); - (F) Relèvement dudit deuxième doigt (9) et engagement dans l'une des dents de ladite roue dentée (7). Method for blocking and unit incrementing a clockwork drive module (1) using the blocking device of one of the preceding claims, said method comprising the steps of: - (A) Lowering said first finger (8) and disengaging said toothed road (7); - (B) driving of said toothed wheel (7) in rotation by said active pawl (5) of said actuator (2); - (C) raising said first finger (8) and engagement in one of the teeth of said gear (7); - (D) Release and return said active pawl (5) of said actuator (2); - (E) Release and return said second finger against said first stop (10); - (F) raising said second finger (9) and engagement in one of the teeth of said toothed wheel (7). Méthode pour le blocage et l'incrémentation unitaire d'un module d'entraînement (1) pour rouage horloger selon la revendication 11, ladite étape (E) consistant en une première sous étape (E1) d'abaissement dudit deuxième doigt (9), et une deuxième sous étape (E2) de retour dudit deuxième doigt contre ladite première butée (10).Method for blocking and unit incrementing a clockwork drive module (1) according to claim 11, said step (E) consisting of a first substep (E1) of lowering said second finger (9) and a second sub-step (E2) of returning said second finger against said first stop (10). Méthode selon la revendication 11 ou 12, lesdites étapes (D,E) de dégagement et de retour desdits cliquet actif (5) dudit actionneur (2) et dudit deuxième doigt (9) étant simultanées.Method according to claim 11 or 12, said steps (D, E) of disengagement and return of said active pawl (5) of said actuator (2) and said second finger (9) being simultaneous.
EP08166740A 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Blocking mechanism for a clock drive module Active EP2177960B1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT08166740T ATE538416T1 (en) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 BLOCKING MECHANISM FOR A CLOCK DRIVE MODULE
EP08166740A EP2177960B1 (en) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Blocking mechanism for a clock drive module
SG200906593-9A SG161150A1 (en) 2008-10-16 2009-09-30 Locking mechanism for timepiece drive module
KR1020090096305A KR101567607B1 (en) 2008-10-16 2009-10-09 Locking mechanism for timepiece drive module
TW098134498A TWI454864B (en) 2008-10-16 2009-10-12 Locking mechanism for timepiece drive module
US12/579,601 US8259538B2 (en) 2008-10-16 2009-10-15 Locking mechanism for timepiece drive module
CN2009102063926A CN101727060B (en) 2008-10-16 2009-10-15 Locking mechanism for timepiece drive module
JP2009239355A JP5254927B2 (en) 2008-10-16 2009-10-16 Lock mechanism for timepiece drive module
HK10111241.2A HK1145206A1 (en) 2008-10-16 2010-12-02 Locking mechanism for timepiece drive module

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EP08166740A EP2177960B1 (en) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Blocking mechanism for a clock drive module

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TW201030482A (en) 2010-08-16
JP5254927B2 (en) 2013-08-07
HK1145206A1 (en) 2011-04-08
TWI454864B (en) 2014-10-01
JP2010096766A (en) 2010-04-30
SG161150A1 (en) 2010-05-27
KR20100042591A (en) 2010-04-26
CN101727060A (en) 2010-06-09
US8259538B2 (en) 2012-09-04
ATE538416T1 (en) 2012-01-15
US20100097900A1 (en) 2010-04-22
EP2177960B1 (en) 2011-12-21
KR101567607B1 (en) 2015-11-09

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