EP2894132A1 - Mineral fibre composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mineral fiber composition and mineral fibers produced therefrom, the u. a. as an insulating material and as a material for fire protection or sound insulation are applicable.

The mineral fiber composition should have a chemical composition of mineral fibers, by means of which a fiber melt with a combined centrifugal blown process is economically defibred.

According to the invention, the chemical composition is

Description

The present invention relates to a mineral fiber composition and produced therefrom mineral fibers, the u. a. as an insulating material and as a material for fire protection or sound insulation is applicable.

The use of mineral fibers or glass wool as a material in different shapes for thermal insulation or fire protection is known.
For many years, intensive research and development is being done to develop and produce mineral fibers with a comprehensive property profile.

An efficient and cost effective melt of the batch components in the furnace or the melting furnace and the production of the fibers from the melt requires that the chemical composition has a suitable liquidus temperature and must have a suitable viscosity during a defibration process.
These requirements as well as the problems of bio-resistance of the fibers considerably limit the choice of the chemical composition to be melted.
A decisive criterion of fiber production by means of the combined draw-blow process, which in various variants and representations also with the designations TEL method, Rotary method, Rotaflex method, Nittobo method, CAT method
or internal or internal centrifuging is called, represents the viscometric behavior of the chemical composition and in particular the working range of the composition, in particular a defibration of the melt can take place.
This working range is defined by the temperature range of the melt between a viscosity of about 104 dPas and the liquidus temperature.
This difference range should be at least 100 ° and in particular over 120 °.
Also, the biodegradability of the fibers, namely the ability to rapidly dissolve into a physiological environment to avoid any potential pathogenic risk associated with the eventual accumulation of the finest fibers in the organism by inhalation, has come into focus in recent years ,
About the problem of bio-resistance and biopersistence z. In an article by C. Barott et al. in Environ, Health Perspect. 81 (1989 ) reports. Further explanations can be found, among others F. Pott (VDI reports No. 853, 1991 ) or at H. Muhle and B. Bellmann (VDI reports No. 1417, 1998 ).
As an indicator of this problem so-called in vitro tests are used, wherein the dissolution rate of the fibers in a model liquid, a so-called Gamble's solution, is examined in the laboratory. This Gamble's fluid is adapted to a biological environment.
For these investigations, both model liquids with a pH of 7.5 and with a pH of 4.5 are used. The results of these tests are given as the reduction in fiber diameter in ng / day.

The background of the use of two different pH values in the in vitro tests is u. a. shown in BIA Report 2/98. Thereafter, two basic mechanisms involved in the purification of the lungs of fibers are dissolution in the near-neutral lung fluid and dissolution of the fibers in an acid environment at pH 4.5, which is generated in the lungs around fibers surrounded by macrophages are.

It is believed that macrophages promote the removal of the fibers from the lung by promoting the local dissolution of the surrounding fibrous surface, resulting in a reduction in the size of the fibers Weakening and breaking the fibers, thus reducing the average fiber length, thereby enabling the macrophages to wrap around and transport the shorter fibers out of the lungs.

Numerous solutions describe fibers intended to give an improved rate of dissolution in in vitro tests, for example, in US Pat WO 87105007 A1 . WO 89/12032 A1 . EP 0412878 A1 . EP 0459897 A1 . WO 92109536 A1 . WO 93122251 A1 . EP 0998432 A1 . EP 0994647 Aloder the EP 1032542 A1 ,

A characteristic of many of these fibers described in the patent applications, which are said to show an improved dissolution rate in in vitro tests, is that they can be prepared either by the known cascade or silane method only , or, if so, with the combined spin-blow process, it is necessary to expect a very short life of the fiberizers due to the required high temperatures at the viscosity of log ή = 2.5 poise required for fiberization.

In the WO 9957073 A1 there is presented a solution for a mineral fiber composition in which both the requirement for a biodegradable fiber and the requirement for fiberizability by the spin-blow process, here called internal centrifuging, should be fulfilled.

The chemical composition of this fiber is 38-52% SiO 2, 16-23% A1203, RO 4-15% in the form of CaO and / or MgO, R203 16-25% in the form of Na 2 O and / or K 2 O, O-. 10% B203, 0-3% P205, 0-3% Fe203 and 0-2% TiO2.
Similar recipes can be found in the subsequent WO 0017117 A1 . WO 0168546 A1 . WO 06103375 A1 . WO 08003913 A1 , as well as in the EP 0708743 A1 ,
The fiberization of these mineral fiber compositions by means of a spin-blow process requires very high temperatures of about 1380 ° C. with a viscosity of log = 2.2 poise.

For the fiberization device is the continuous load at 1200 ° C and above.
However, specially new metal alloys with a high content of cobalt had to be developed, as they are eg in the U.S. Patent No. 6068814 and U.S. Patent No. 6,266,979 , of the EP 0968314 A1 , of the WO 2005052208 Aloder the WO 2009071847 A1 are disclosed.
The service life of the defibering devices is very limited despite these new developments in the metal alloys used and is with a service life of 3-4 days. As a result, the production of mineral fibers with such chemical compositions moves economically in the border area.

Due to the inadequate correlation between in vitro test results and in vivo studies, the regulatory and therefore binding proof of the health safety of the fibers is based exclusively on the test results from in vivo tests (F. Pott).

The corresponding regulatory requirements are for. As defined in the EU Directive 97/69 or in Germany in the Hazardous Regulation Annex IV No. 22.
Of the various in-vivo test procedures, the so-called Intrahealth Test (IT Test) is now regarded as a generally accepted standard, which can be found in both the above-mentioned regulations. This test is described in an EU Protocol (Methods for the Determination of Hazardous Properties for Human Health of Man Made Mineral Fibers-MMMF-of the European Commission's Joint Research Center, Institute for Health and Consumer

Protection, Unit Toxicology and Chemical Substances, European Chemicals Bureau, edited by David M. Berbstein and Juan m. Riego Sintes, April 1999 , Protocol 1.2
Biopersistence of Fibers. Intertracheal installation (ECB / TM / 27 rev.7)).

As a result of such an I.T. test, a half-life characteristic of mineral fiber dissolution results, which is expressed in days.

The requirements for proof of health safety valid in Germany, which refer to the I.T. test, are based on this protocol with slight deviations, which are described in TRGS 905,2.3. (4).

The invention is based on the above-described prior art, the task of designing a mineral fiber composition with a chemical composition of mineral fibers, in which a fiber melt by means of the combined spin-blow process is economically shredded, without precluding the possibility of other defibrillation technology.

This, taking into account that the fibers and products produced from the melt, which allow a high temperature resistance of 1000 ° C according to DIN 4102, Part 17 as technical insulation materials and an application temperature according to ISO 8142, DIN EN 14706 and DIN EN 14707 > 600 ° C have. In addition, they should have a high degree of physiological degradability.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the features of patent claim 1, according to which the mineral fiber composition according to the invention has the following chemical composition, in% by mass: Si0 ₂ 37-44% Al ₂ 0 ₃ 16-24% CaO 8-14% MgO 2-7% Na ₂ 0 5-12% K ₂ 0 2-7% Fe ₂ 0 ₃ 3-8% F ₂ 1-5% ZnO 0.4-3% TiO ₂ 0.1-3%.

In a preferred embodiment, the mineral fiber composition according to the invention may have the following chemical composition, in% by mass and also contain additional components: Si0 ₂ 39-42% Al ₂ 0 ₃ 19-22% CaO 10-12% MgO 3-5% Na ₂ 0 8-11% K ₂ 0 3-6% Fe ₂ 0 ₃ 4-6% F ₂ 2-4% ZnO 0.4-2% Ti0 ₂ 0.5-1% S0 ₃ 0, 1 - 0.5%, preferably 0.2-0.4%
MnO 0.1 - 1%, preferably 0.1-0.4%
BaO ≦ 0.2%, preferably ≦ 0.1%.

The development of such a chemical composition makes it possible to create advantages, in particular by exploiting the multiple complexities involved in selecting their specific constituents.

It has already been shown in research and development that it is sometimes possible to produce mineral fibers that can meet the modern requirements. It should be noted, however, that the previously presented solutions, eg. B. according to EP 0790962 A1 only for the cascade process and the EP 0596088 A1 for the silane process, are not universal.

Rather, they are based on only one specific process technology and are not transferable to another melting and defibration process, in particular the combined spin-blow process.

There has therefore been no lack of attempts in the prior art, by changing the chemical compositions of mineral fibers with multifactorial mixtures of raw materials to provide satisfactory solutions which are to be described as high temperature resistant, are also biodegradable and by means of the combined spin-blow process can be produced under favorable economic conditions as high quality fibers.

So far, however, it has not been possible to solve all these requirements satisfactorily by means of a mineral fiber composition in principle.

The mineral fiber composition of the present invention is a chemical composition located in the "gray zone" between previous standard chemical compositions of stone fibers and glass fibers, the fibers produced therefrom absorbing and indicating the particular specific advantages of stone fibers and glass fibers.

As is usual with silicate glasses, in the chemical composition according to the invention SiO _{2 is} the primary glass-forming component. In conjunction with all other ingredients of this composition according to the invention It has been shown that an optimum proportion of silicon dioxide is given in the ranges 37-44% by mass and in particular between 39-42% by mass.

The introduction of Al ₂ 0 ₃ causes a closure of separation points in the glass structure, which manifests itself in an increase in the viscosity at all temperatures. It has been found that the assignment of an increased alumina content of 16 to 24% by mass, preferably more than 18% by mass and / or preferably less than 23% by mass, in particular less than 22% by mass, with a sum of the constituents Silica and alumina between 56 and 65 mass%, preferably more than 58 mass% and / or preferably less than 64 mass%, in particular less than 63 mass%, in accordance with the other ingredients of the invention, enabling production of mineral fiber compositions which possess the remarkable properties. That is, they are fiberizable in a sufficiently wide temperature range and give the fibers produced a bio-solubility.

The proportion of aluminum oxide according to the invention ensures the desired high-temperature resistance and application limit temperature of the mineral fibers according to the invention.
With respect to the content of iron oxides, it is advantageous according to the aforementioned embodiments, a content of at least 4% by mass or even at least 5% by mass, in particular between 5 and 8% by mass in order to control the high-temperature resistance of the fibers while at the same time having a positive effect on the biosolubility of the fibers and, secondly, the metal parts of the defibering devices To protect corrosion.

The findings presented in relation to the proportions of silica, alumina and iron oxide are consistent with the required proportions of alkali oxides (R ₂ 0) and alkaline earth oxides (RO) in the inventive mineral fiber composition.
The content of alkaline oxides R ₂ 0, ie, substantially Na ₂ 0 and K ₂ 0 is preferably at least 11% by weight and in particular is maintained in a range between about 11 to 14 mass%.

The preferred Na ₂ O content in the composition according to the invention is at least 7% by mass, in particular between 7 and 9% by mass, while the content of K ₂ O is at least 2% by mass, in particular between 4 and 5% by mass.

In the case of the alkali oxides, there is usually a significantly higher content of Na ₂ O than of K ₂ O.
K ₂ O can thus be present in a very low content content for a given total amount of alkali oxides. Nevertheless, it is possible within the scope of the invention also to provide a higher K ₂ O content, for example of the order of magnitude of 6 to 7% by mass, which may represent, for example, more than half of the total amount of alkali oxides in the composition.

Ultimately, the ratio of Na ₂ 0 and K ₂ 0 determined in the composition of the invention by the use of inexpensive minerals as a raw material carrier.

The preferred proportion of CaO in the composition according to the invention is advantageously between 8 and 14% by weight. In parallel, the preferred amount of MgO is selected between 2 and 7% by mass, but especially between 3 and 6% by mass.

It is common to choose a CaO content which, for a given total content of alkaline earth oxides, is higher than that of MgO, especially due to the cost of the starting materials.

But there are also chemical-physical reasons for doing so, as can be made on the viscometric behavior of the overall composition and on the crystallization behavior, a significant influence.
When CaO is introduced, the viscosity is lowered at high temperatures, but at low temperatures elevated. This leads to a steeper temperature-viscosity curve, which makes glass shorter. This fact has considerable positive effects both on the fiberization of the melt and on the properties of the resulting fibers.

In addition to CaO, the MgO is a glass oxide of great technical importance. Magnesium oxide, like calcium oxide, is a typical network converter and glass stabilizer.
MgO improves the crystallinity and improves the fiberizing properties such that there are desirable minima of viscosity in the present inventive composition.

In addition to the oxides already described, the chemical composition of the invention also contains a proportion of Ti0 ₂ in a range of 0.1-3% by mass, preferably from 0.5 to 1.0% by mass.

The titanium dioxide, like the calcium oxide already described, leads to a substantial lowering of the high-temperature viscosity and an increase in the low-temperature viscosity and the associated advantages. The essential advantages and innovations with regard to the chemical composition according to the invention are achieved by the combined use of zinc oxide and fluorine, which so that both in combination become indispensable components of the composition according to the invention.

The incorporation of ZnO into the structure predetermined by the other constituents according to the invention produces, in interaction with the proportions according to the invention of
CaO and TiO ₂ greatly reduce the high temperature viscosity and increase the viscosity in low temperature ranges. In addition, the use of zinc oxide significantly improves the melting behavior of the batch.

The chemical composition of the present invention preferably has a content of ZnO of at least 0.4 mass% or at least 1.0 mass%, and more preferably from 0.4 to 2.0 mass%.

This relatively low content has an advantageous effect on biodegradability in interaction with the other constituents according to the invention, without leading to economic disadvantages.

The pulping viscosity necessary for the spin-blow process is achieved at lower temperatures. This is a decisive criterion for the service life and life of the fiberization device and thus a essential aspect for a cost-effective economic production of mineral fibers.

To achieve the objectives of the invention, the fluorides used according to the invention occupy a special position.

When the mixture is melted, the presence of fluorine already at low temperatures causes the appearance of a liquid phase and the rate of silicate formation increases sharply. Due to the fluorine, the temperature at which the silicate formation is completed, significantly reduced.

Furthermore, the glass formation is due to increase the thermal conductivity of the batch by the fluorides faster before him. At high temperatures, the surface of the crystal lattice is destroyed by the resulting fluorine vapor and significantly increases the reactivity of the batch.

Ultimately, the processing ability of the liquid glass in the defibration is significantly improved.

The preferred proportion of fluorine in the composition according to the invention is advantageously between 1 and 5% by mass and preferably between 2 and 4% by mass.

The use of fluorides in the mixture causes on the one hand a very favorable cost structure by a considerable saving of energy and on the other hand a faster achievement of the necessary fiberization viscosity at lower temperatures. According to the teaching of DEOS 2351105, a fluorine-free glass composition is associated with high costs in the production and use of the fibers. In order nevertheless to be able to meet environmental protection requirements, Flour should, according to the disclosure, be precipitated and completely replaced by barium oxide.

In the case of the known glass compositions containing fluorine, a large part of the fluorine escapes as SiF ₂ during the melt, thereby losing a substantial part of its effect in the glass.

Surprisingly, it has been shown in the tests carried out that in the chemical composition according to the invention, there is also still a very high proportion of the amount of fluorine introduced into the mixture in the molten glass.

The presence of most of the amount of fluorine in the molten glass introduced into the glass is directly related to the bond ratios of the glass structure in the composition of the present invention together, with much of the F ₂ ions remaining in the glass structure.

This has in a possible two-stage processing of the glass, so processing with cooling of the glass and subsequent reheating significant positive consequences, since then enough fluorine in the glass is present to fully exploit the already described viscosity advantages again.

The proportion of manganese oxide provided in the chemical composition according to the invention plays a not insignificant role in a manner similar to the presence of iron oxide for the lifetime of the fiberizer in the spin-blow process. In interaction with Fe ₂ 0 ₃ , the MnO content has a positive effect on a lower corrosion of the rotational parts of the fiberization device.

The percentage of MnO can be up to 1% by mass, but advantageously between 0.1 to 0.4% by mass.
In addition, S0 ₃ may still be present in the composition according to the invention, which forms in the melt of the raw materials or is already present in the raw materials. But this has, as well as other trace elements or impurities such. B. BaO and Cr ₂ 0 ₃ , which pass through the raw materials in the smallest amounts in the melt, neither one Influence on the melting of raw materials, nor on the properties of mineral fibers.

Mainly because of a good fusibility of the mixture, but also for reasons of cost is used as the main carrier of the individual element oxides on naturally occurring minerals, which in their structure include the elements used in part or in their entirety, so that except the novel proportion of Zinc oxide and small amounts of purgatives must be used on any chemical raw materials produced.

In this way, the fibers produced from the composition according to the invention can be produced at low cost in two respects.
On the one hand, in the melt of the mixture according to the invention, by mixing different minerals, favorable melting temperatures are achieved, which can be further enhanced by a use proportion of waste glass shards.
The melting-promoting effect of waste glass shards is based on the fact that no heat energy is required for the degradation of crystal lattices for their melting. The glass shards, which are preferably ground to a size corresponding to the grain size of the other components, loosen the mixture and melt much easier than pure mixture.

An important role in the use of broken glass as a melt accelerator also plays their gas content.
In the composition according to the invention, up to 50% by mass of waste glass shards can be used, but preferably with a proportion of 15 to 25% by mass.

Due to the almost complete presence of the elemental oxides in almost all raw materials used is on the other hand, a homogeneous melting at a relatively low melting temperature compared to a batch melt, consisting of raw materials whose elemental oxides are present individually or predominantly individually.

The fibers made from the chemical composition of this invention have a good biodegradability, with the in vitro method of determining biobaleableness implying a neutral, slightly basic, or acidic pH.

The mineral fibers according to the invention generally have a dissolution rate of at least 30, preferably at least 40 to 50 ng / cm per at a pH of 4.5, and of at least 30, preferably at least 40 to 50 ng / cm 2 per hour measured at a pH of Value of 7.5.

Furthermore, the fibers produced with the composition according to the invention have an intratracheal test within the in vivo procedure a half-life of <40 days. This complies with the generally accepted conventions of the Gütegemeinschaft Mineralwooie eV (GGM) and the European Certification Board (EUCEB).

It has been shown that in addition to the biodegradability of the mineral fibers produced according to the invention, the requirements for a high temperature resistance of 1000 ° C. according to DIN 4102, Part 17, are met. Furthermore, the application limit temperature is above 600 ° C and complies with the requirements of the previous AGI Q 132 and ISO 8142, DIN EN 14706 and DIN EN 14707 for the industrial sector.

The technical requirements for defibration by means of the combined spin-blow process can be met. This is attributable above all to the fact that, by means of the specific chemical composition according to the invention, a steep rise in the temperature-viscosity curve is given in the region of the viscosity values between log 10 ² and log 10 ⁴ , surprisingly relatively low temperatures being recorded for these viscosities.

As a result of the relatively low temperatures, with the required fiberizing viscosities, the life of the rotating parts of the fiberization device is substantially increased, and thus a high economy is given. As a result of the chemical composition according to the invention, a liquidus temperature which is more than 120 ° below the fiberization viscosity results.

The mineral fiber composition according to the invention or the mineral fibers produced can be used, for example, as insulating material for thermal, cold, sound and fire protection. So in building construction, in industrial construction, as well as in vehicle construction or shipbuilding. The mineral fibers can be processed into shaped bodies (preferably elastically) in different shapes, in particular in the form of felts, mats, rolls, plates, shells, strips, webs or even in the form of loose wool.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following embodiment.

From the raw materials nepheline, kaolin, bauxite, dolomite, glass, fluorspar, zinc oxide, sodium sulfate and potassium nitrate, a suitable starting mixture (batch) was prepared and this mixture melted in an electrically heated melting tank at about 1420 ° C.

The determined values of the temperature-viscosity curve of the glass were as follows: Log ή (Pas) Temperature (° C) 2, 0 1382 2.5 1282 3 - 0 1204 3.5 1144

A molten glass jet having a temperature of 1330 ° C was fed to the rotating part (spinner) of a combined centrifugal-blowing plant and passed through the spin basket, which had a temperature of 1160 to 1170 ° C, to mineral fibers with a mean diameter of 7, 6 microns and an average fiber length of 9.7 mm shredded. The shot content of the mineral fibers was 1.8% by mass.

The analysis of the chemical composition showed (in mass%): SiO ₂ 40.4% Al ₂ O ₃ 22.6% CaO 11.4% MgO 04.01% Na ₂ O 8.2% K ₂ O 4.0% Fe ₂ O ₃ 5.1% F ₂ 2.2% ZnO 1.0% TiO ₂ 0.8% SO ₃ 0.15% MnO of 0.12%

In addition, shares of Ba0 and Cr ₂ 0 ₃ , each less than 0.07% by mass were analyzed, which came as impurities of feedstock in the starting mixture, but no effect on the chemical and physical properties of the inventive glass and the insulating fibers produced therefrom exercise.

The chamfer produced was tested for biodegradability by means of a Gamble's solution at pH 4.5 and pH 7.5, in the first case the dissolution rate being 42 ng / cm 2 per hour and at 1 min pH of 7.5 at 53 ng / cm 2 per hour.

After M. Guldberg (Development of biosoluble stone and glass wool fibers, Jownal of The Danish Ceramic Society 6-I-2004 ) developed empirical carcinogenicity formula Al ₂ 0 ₃ / Al ₂ 0 ₃ + Si0 ₂ > 0.35, the factor for the embodiment of the inventive chemical composition is 0.359.
By means of the in-vivo intratracheal test, the tests yielded a half-life of less than 40 days, which means that the evidence of health safety for the composition according to the invention was provided.

In addition, the above chemical composition meets the requirements for temperature resistance> 1000 ° C according to DIN 4102, Part 17, whereby the application limit temperature as determined according to ISO 8142, DIN EN 14706 and DIN EN 14707 is above 600 ° C.

The interaction of all the features of the chemical composition according to the invention results in a high level of economy in terms of both melting and defibration.
The melting of the raw materials can be done faster and at lower temperatures than usual. The fiberization can also be done at lower temperatures compared to the prior art, resulting in a significantly longer life and life of the fiberizer of up to 14 days.

Claims (18)

Mineral fiber composition which is fiberizable and capable of dissolving in a physiological environment, characterized in that it has the following chemical composition according to the following percentage mass components: SiO ₂ 37-44% Al ₂ O ₃ 16-24% CaO 8-14% MgO 2-7% Na ₂ O 5-12% K ₂ O 2-7% Fe ₂ O ₃ 3-8% ZnO 0.4-3% F ₂ 1-5% TiO ₂ 0.1-3%. Mineral fiber composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it can be defibred by a spin-blow process. Mineral fiber composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it additionally contains at least one of the following components, stated in mass%: MnO 0.1- 1% SO ₃ 0,1- 0,5% BaO 0-0.2% Cr ₂ O ₃ 0 - 0.1%. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the following chemical composition in mass%: SiO ₂ 39-42% Al ₂ O ₃ 19-22% CaO 10-12% MgO 3-5% Na ₂ O 8-11% K ₂ O 3-6% Fe ₂ O ₃ 4-6% ZnO 0.4-2% F ₂ 2-4% TiO ₂ 0.5-1% MnO 0.1-0.4% SO ₃ 0.2-0.4% BaO 0-0.1% Mineal fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the summed content of Si0 ₂ and Al ₂ 0 _{3 is} between 56 and 65% by mass. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the alkali oxide content R ₂ 0, in particular Na ₂ 0 and K ₂ 0 is between 11 and 14% by mass. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the proportion of alkaline earth oxides RO, ie CaO and MgO is 12 to 19% by mass. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the proportion of ZnO and F _{2 is} between 2 and 7% by mass. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sum of the proportions of Fe ₂ 0 ₃ , MgO and Ti0 _{2 is} at most 9% by mass. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it produced mineral fibers have a dissolution rate of at least 30 ng / cm ² per hour at a pH of 4.5. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the mineral fibers produced therefrom have a dissolution rate of at least 30 ng / cm ² per hour at a pH of 7.5. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the quotient of Al ₂ 0 ₃ I Al ₂ 0 ₃ + Si0 _{2 is} greater than 0.35. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the mineral fibers produced have a half-life of less than 40 days in the in-vivo intratracheal test. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the temperature difference between the viscosity of the melt at 10 ² rd Pas and the liquidus temperature is at least 100 ° and preferably above 120 °. Mineral fiber composition according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the Mineral fibers have a temperature resistance according to DIN 4102, Part 17 of at least 1000 ° C. Mineral fiber production according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the application limit temperature according to ISO 8142, DIN EN 14706 and DIN EN 14707 is at least 600 ° C. Mineral fiber composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least 95% by mass of the raw materials for the fibers consist of naturally occurring raw materials and recycling materials. Mineral fiber composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following chemical constituents in mass%: SiO ₂ 41-42% Al ₂ O ₃ 21-22% CaO 11-12% MgO 4-5% Na ₂ O 8-9% K ₂ O 4-5% Fe ₂ O ₃ 5-6% ZnO 0.5-1% F ₂ 1-2% TiO ₂ 0.5-1% SO ₃ 0.1-0.2% MnO 0-0.2% BaO 0-0.1% Cr ₂ 0 ₃ 0-0.1%.