US1010139A - Beach-reclamation works. - Google Patents

Description

L. M. HAUPZ BEACH RECLAMATION WORKS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. u, 1910.

@vwd

L. M. HAUPT. BEACH REGLAMATION WORKS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1910A 1,010,139. Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. M. HAU. `SAH REGLAMATIGN WGRKS. APPLICATION MLED AUG. 1v, w10.

Tai ,$019, l 39. "fiamma Nov. 28, 2911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

wnEssEs L. M. HAUPT. BEACH RBCLAMATION WORKQ APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 17, 1910.

Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

nmmqevs wnNEssEs c?.

I citizen of the United States, residingwth" cation.

' aiding naturein the deposition ofV littoral'f drift carried by waves, winds, tides and currents along a coast, and to cause the dynamic manner as to defendthe coast or foreshore .other words, to convert their destructive ele- -nients into those of conservation, causing ac- I drawings, as embodiments thereof,"whereby l UMTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS 4M. HAUPTQOF PHILADELPHIA, rENNsYLvANfA.

' BEACH-RECLAMATION WORKS.

i Specification f Lettersratent. Patented Nov.l 28,1911.

Application tiled August 17, 1910. lSerial No. 577,673..

To all whom it concern:

Be it known that I, L EWIS M. HAUPT, -a

city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have'invented a new and useful Improvement in Beach-Reclamation lVorks, of which .the following is a specifi` My invention relates to .beach or shore reclamation Works, and consists of means,.for

action ofthe tides, and breakers to cast said drift ashore or to impound it in artificially created'neutral areas on the strand, insuc from the erosive action of said forces, or, in

cret-ion instead of detrusion. The means employedwill be hereinafter described, atten'- tion being directed tothe accompanying these forces are utilized for the desired ends.

Figure l represents a plan view of a beach or shore-reclamationWork embodying my invention. Figs. Q, 3,4, 5 and 7 represent plan views respectively of other forms thereof. Fig. 6 represents. a section on line w- Fig. 5. Fig. 8 represents an elevation of Fig. 7.

Similar letters of reference indicatel corresponding parts in the'igures.

Referring to the drawings :-A, Fig. l represents. a reclamation jetty which extends seaward from a point at or near the high Water line tlexingin such manner asto meet and divide the prevailing angular wave movement and entrain the inner portion of it shoreward while its outer portion swings around the convex face of the Work and expands into the groin formed bythe jetty and the beach to leeward. The eftisiency of this jetty as a tool to convey the littoral drift shoreward, will depend on the prevailing direction of the angular wave movement with reference to the contour of the shore line. Thus in Fig. l, if the waves approach generally in the direction a-b and the littoral drift is also along shore, as indicated,

structing spurjetties built oneit then thebest results will be obtained bym;

ingerirbending1the jetty .in the -manner indicated,s.o as to 'part the breakers and forni a. protectin barrier extending seaward, the groins o which c,

doesnot happen with thei'iorm'al straight letties S0 generally' in USE-.....Thgrade salines-*60"*- t slope vof foreshore, prevailing littoralQdrift; Winds,'material,etc.

of two vor more,as at e', e, 1n suc manner'asA toform expanding 'ockets with narrow apetures or inlets, and suitable .cover,"to retar charged wi h" sand,ca`sing^them to expand. with lossv of `velocityaiid jto de osit their lsilt in the basin thu'sfor'med. 'Ehis series may b e protected 'at-its'windward endV by a hooked jet y Hexed int the opposite direction f.' Thealinement, in plan,

as indicated at may be of s1mp1e,`compound'or reversed d will rapidly up causingthe beach 'to move seaward even be'- yond the outer limits of the work; which contour `of coast Fig.'2 represents f'moinbination. offthe` basl'c reclamation jetty, arran 'ed in series and ecompose the incoming breakers curves, or broken lines', as may be found most suitable for the site in question. By these devices tlleiorces-.of the sea are utilized-'for th'tomatic reclamation of the foreshores andthe protection of the bulkheads, in consequence of the deposits created and maintained Within the embayed areas.

Fig. 3 illustrates a structure near to and connected .with the shore line, and in which C` D designate respectively a hurdle anda hooked jetty7 extending from said shore line outwardly eyond said line or bulkhead, so as .to cause gation andiimpnnndingwithin closely connedliiriits, thus protecting and covering the footing of said bulkhead, andcausing rapid filling within 'the-inclosure.v This structure is designed-to meet cases where the littoral drift has been previously linterce ted by oblier or both flanks of the property as shown, and where, in consequence, it is necessary to gather material from ,the vimmediate strand through the dynamic forces'of the deposition of sandl and its segrebreakers, generpermanence,byf-submergence ofthe works ated by an opposing barrier C, E and to cause itpto be 'carried over a hurdle or hurdles of: suitable crest height and be impounded by a tight inclosing wall from whence it may not escape seaward. For this case, I employ in connection with the parts C-and E, the supplemental hooked Jetty D,.this being built outon the propertyy line or other suitable location to serve as au abutment'for the hurdle and also to furnish a point dappui for a second wing E to 4defend the adjacent properties from serious erosion by the sea. By the combination .of 4 .the curves Aand grades placed ol shore, the

forces of the breakers, are greatlyreduced before reaching the upland dunes2 anddeposits` are created in place of erosion. The curves also decompose the waves A,causin lat-` eral components, interference and re uced velocities `*which vfacilitate upbuilding and from theaccumulation of the drift.

In Fig. 4, 'I show an .embodiment wherev it :becomes necessary to dispense entirely with the jetty D, Fig.' 3, extending out from the shore andfstill form a suicient shelter from prevailing storms to arrest thev deterioration of: the'blu's land create smooth and safe beaches by means of suitablyv designed barriers F, so pla-ced as to create an artificial lee. within and behind `which the seas 'mayddeposit and -buildup peninsular formations' vreaching ultimately to the.

strand as ;'t hedeposits accumulate. e The formsof these barriers maybe circular arcs, i elliptical, joval,- or polygonal, and be? com-- posed of compound .or reverse curves `-of variable radii, oriented withA reference 'to' ing advanced seaward of the barriers .I to

decompose the waves and cause lateral movements toward the' gaps as indicated bythe arrows. Thus the alluvialbluffs and properties are defended by a rip-rap. or

other line of defense removed to'a safe distance from-the toe of the' slope creating a.

comparatively slack-water basin within, as?

shown in the cross-section one-b, Fig. 6.

Fig. 7 represents another simple form of offshore barrier or flying buttress.con-v striicted of timber or other suitable mateby thelong spur jetty'G, asshown by the` rial which possesses the advantage of ch`eap-` ness combined with Vbeauty'` and' stability. This ilyingbuttress is composed of a central concave section L with a hurdle M com bined with outlying convex Hanks N, to the for the ready admission of the vsilt gathered from the outer' ramps by the breakers and thrown over the weirs to be impounded in cover and protect eroded beaches by. the 'automatic action of the maritime forces.

, I am; aware that numerous jetties, sea# walls, breakwaters, bulkhead@ groins-and `other ,devices have been built to recover and protect alluvial coasts from abrasion, but believe it will be found that these structures have'fbeen confined to the immediate foreshore and have been placed directly on 'the natural aceof the slope to be protected,` or they have extended `normally in a straight line, or nearly so, across the strandlto or beyond the low water contour.

which are. frequently 4undermined or overtopped' by breakers, and do not vadd to their stability by 'accretions. -due to `deposits `caused -by the dynamic action of the mari- 'time lforces, as obtains in the forms and lpositions as proposed above. In this in- .battle some dist-ance seaward, reducing the forces; by, decomposition, providing cover, and-"lcalusingdepositionm thus driving the shore-contours seaward andprotecting the works automatically by :their own accretins, .Unlike my.formerfLetters Patent, thesedesigns are not intended to create channels bythe utilization of natural agencies, but to cause deposits where they will resist the encroachnents of the sea, and

t-ivev elements, by their novel form and position, as already set forth.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim as new and desire tol/secure by Letters Patent, is f 1. A beach-reclamation work composed of a resisting structure having its upper grade at or` above the plane of low water,the same forces prevailing on alluvial coasts, in such material -with' which thel breakers may become automatically charded; shoreward, and to cast it upon the-strand, to-be'impounded,

in sz'tmby thesaid works: F I,

2v Abeach-reclamationworlcom osed of a plurality -of resisting barrlersgt 'e same havingtheir upper gradeat'orabove the erence to the maritime forcesfas to decomthe inclosed areas; thus operating to ref f This p'o i.. ',jblanl'V resistance has involved` enormous expense for massive structures -v'ention it is Adesigned to transfer the line of protect life and "property from its destrucl being adapted as to utilizev th'e maritime.

manner as to cause said forces to impel the plane of'lowvwater andso placed with refright and left also'containing hurdles P 70 a plurality of barriers of curved form or 'Witness-ee:

pose the said forces and create a lee, or hw L A heaehflei.aqaton work com oeed of pounlmg basm for the deposltlon of .sllt a baffle? el eurved form, and a ook or and the formatlon Aof bars or Shoals. hooks on the terminal thereof.

3. A beaeh-reclamation Work composed of LEWIS M. HAUPT.

forms, the same havin their upper grade flemme; HfRToN, at or above the plane o low Water. TELES. EAXTER.

Images