US1498644A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

june 24 1924.

H. H. CLARK GAS BURNER Filed June 8, 1922 Patented June 24,- 1924.'

UNITED STATES,

nonsens. cLAax, or oAx PARK, ILLINOIS.

GAS BURNER..

l Application led l'iine l8,

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, HORACE H CLABK, a, citizen of the United States, residin Park,`in the county of Cook and tateof Illinois, have-invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Gas Burners, of which the fol owing isa specication., This invention relates to burners for gasa ous fuel and has for its object to provide a l burner for use in developing heat through' v combustion of explosive gaseous fuel, or fuel in which the oxidizing medium has been mingled with the combustible element before it reaches the burner.- In ignitin aseous 5' fuel of this kind lconsiderable di cu ty has been experienced in preventing, on the one hand backfiring, and on the other' hand extinguishment of the flame due to internal furnace atmosphere disturbance or excessive velocity in the issuing mixture, at`

virregular intervals. Difficulties have also been encountered'in providinga burner construction that would withstand the high temperature developed in the success l i5. combustion of the preconditioned fuel referred to.

. Now the present invention proceeds u n the principle of partially arresting the el mixture in the burner, subdividing it into-a 0 plurality of jets, and issuing these jets under vample velocity to and at the same time under conditions that will induce complete ignition, and insure against isolation of iamefrom the4 burnerv and consequent extinguishment.

In carrying out the invention, the burner formed preferably with an expansion chamber in addition to the fuel conduit, is fitted with a mouth piece preferably of refractory;

l0V material protruding beyond the metal of the burner, made substantiall cylindrical cupshape having a bottom t at constitutes an arresting wall for the fuel mixture in the expansion chamber, with its cylindrical wall i upstanding from the bottom to develop an open ended'i ition chamber, and with erforations in t e bottom that permit the el mixture to issue in sub-divided 'jets into the y ignition chamber, and with some of the perforations inclined to the axis of the burner' and directing their jetsv into impingement at Oak prevent back firing 1922. Serial No. 568,698.

with theA said upstanding wall in a manner to set up eddy currents and spread the igmtion throughout the ignition chamber b e ore the burnin gases can pass the same; the inclined per orations having. a diameter corresponding substantially to that of the other section, vof a portion of a gaseous mixture manifold, with burners mounted thereon,

and means for delivering gas and combustion supporting air thereto;

igure 2 is a verical axial section of a burner of relatively small capacity;

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the burner tip shown in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a top plan view of a burner tip of relatively-large capacity, with a somewhit different varrangement of fuel ports; an 4 I.

Figure 5 is an axial section of the burner tip, shown in Figure 4.

1 represents a portion of a fuel mixture manifold having mounted thereon burners 2, and having connected therewith a gaseous or other fluid fuel pipe 3 and anair supply pipe 4. The air supplied through pipe4 is assumed to be under such pressure, an two pipes 3 and 4 assume such relation to the manifold 1, and to each other, ough mingling of the fuel and oxidizing medium results, the mixture iiows through the manifold and out through the burnersat a rate that exceeds the rate of flame pro agation through the mixture, when ignite and back` firing is prevented.`

For the sake of inducing better combustion of the mixture and insuring against extinguishment by detachment of the flame from the burners, nace atmosphere, eachburner 2 is constructed -with an expansion chamber 2", in addition to Vits fuel conduit 2", and is 'fitted with a deep cup-sharied or crater-like mouth- .piece 5 that deve o s in the burner an ignition vchamber 5*.

outhpieccs 5 store heat perforations so that the carry substantially u under disturbances of furto a degree above the dashing point of thel mixture and thereby insure ignition of vthe mixture. llt has an inner transverse Wall that forms a bottom to this ignition chamber and is rovided with a circumferential series of oressuch as shown at 6 and6, so that it constitutes a perforated-.wall across the main channel of the burner, that constricts and subdivides the flow of mixture reaching such ignition chamber, and thereby ards against extingishment or .impaired llgnition that might otherwise result from sudden expulsion of an excessive volume of cool mixture, under irregularities in the airfeed.V Moreover, in order to further guard against escape of the issuing mixture before thorough ignition can take place, some of `the ports preferabl those in the outer'series in mouthpieces of arge dimensions, or certain of them 1n said outer series, for 1nstance, the alternate ports m mouthpleces of v.smaller dimensions, are inclined tothe axis of the burner in a manner to cause the 'ets issuing therefrom to impinge against an be deflected from the upstanding cylindrical side Wall of the ignition chamber, and there.

set up eddy-currents in the i ition chamber and Within the volume of 1ssuing mixtures.. rlhe inclined perforations are of substantially the same diameter as the straight perforations so that they carry suby are economically available for maMng burn- -ers of the lrindherein required; for that reason, the mouthpieces are preferably constructed of lava or other highly refractory material, and assembled with the burners, preferably through the mediumot screw threads, and with sufcent protrusion` beyond the metal body of the burner to prevent ame impingement Iupon the latter.

ll have discovered that when a cup-shaped,v

`tip or mouthpiece of this kind is made o .such refractorvmaterial it maintains th` proper functionmg of the burner, becauseif iron is used, which quickly deteriorates under the action of the heat, the shape of the cup, and articularly the depth of its cylindrical vva l, becomes' so impaired that parationof the dame from the burnerand sequent extinguishment occurs within a short time after the burner is put into use,

tenaces and thus necessitates constant. replacement. A cup-shaped tip made of lava or other reractory material Withstands the action of the heat indeinitely. and maintains with accuracy the lines and proportions oi' the burner that are so important to its successful action. Furthermore, since lava or equivalent refractory material has a very low coecient of heat conductivity, the use of such material in a cup-shaped tip or mouthpiece, such as herein shown, has the advantage of promoting ignition notwithstanding the impin ement of the fuel mixture against the cy indrical Wall; in other Words it permits this impingement and consequent control ot the gases hereinabove described without serious loss of eciency due to cooling which would result from the use of a metal mouth piece. Again,by the use of a refractory material for a cup-shaped mouth piece in which the mixture ot iuel with oxidizing agent impinges against the surrounding Wall, oxidation, which would be particularly destructive to metal at the high tem eratures incident to the operation, is who ly avoided.

ll claim:

1.l A mouthpiece for gaseous fuel burners comprising a side Wall adapt/ed to tit an opening in a fuel supply member and a transverse bottom Wall forming with said side Wall an open cup-shaped ignition chamber; said bottom Wall extending entirely across said i ition chamber and in position to form a uel controlling confine of the 3 supply member when the mouthpiece is applied; sald bottom Wall being formed with perforatlons admitting fuel in subdivided streams to said ignition chamber; said per' foratlons being positioned to deliver .said I streams in the eneral longitudinal direction ot the side wa but some of them being inchned toward and causing their streams to impinge against said side wall; and the perforations so inclined substantially corresponding inbore to the other periforations and producing eddy currents which break up the direct blast ot the fuel through the ignition chamber and retain combustion Within the latter. l

' 2. A burner tora gaseous fuel comprising n shell formed to provide an expansion chamber, and having an opening to admit fuel' and an opening to receive a mouthpiece, and a mouthpiece comprising a.substantially cylindrical Wall tting the opening 'ot the 'shell and a transverse bottom Wallintegral with said cylindrical wall and extending entirely across thes same in position .to provide a conineifor the shell opening; said transverse wall being constructed with rtorations all extending in the general .direction of the axisof t e cylindrical Wall; said transverse Wall and cylindrical wall forming anignition chamber into which fuel enters through said perforations ber; some of said rected to cause from said expansion champerforations being difuel streams to impinge against the cylindrical Wall and havmg a 5 capacity sufficient in numb corresponding substantially to the capacity of the other perforations and being er to carry a large fraction fuel through the ignition chamber and re- 10 tain combustion therein.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 2nd day of June, 1922.

HORACE H. CLARK.

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