US1722764A - Fibrous fabric and method of making the same - Google Patents

Fibrous fabric and method of making the same Download PDF

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US1722764A
US1722764A US30496628A US1722764A US 1722764 A US1722764 A US 1722764A US 30496628 A US30496628 A US 30496628A US 1722764 A US1722764 A US 1722764A
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fabric
stays
same
fibers
making
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Gustave C Rasch
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0071—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing
    • D06N7/0086—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing characterised by the cushion backing, e.g. foamed polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2262/065—Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/08—Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2471/00—Floor coverings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2601/00—Upholstery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/43—Processes of curing clay and concrete materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3472—Woven fabric including an additional woven fabric layer
    • Y10T442/348—Mechanically needled or hydroentangled

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a fibrous fabric and method of maklng the same and more particularly to an elastic and soft fabric for use as a backing or cushion in upholstery for furniture or automobiles, for floor coverings,
  • An object of the present invention is to produce an inexpensive cushioning fabric without the use of adhesive so that it will be very flexible and resilient but which has the requisite tensile strength.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment ofthe invention in which a stay is placed on both sides of a layer of fibrous mate- I'lllhWlliCll is-needled to both stays;
  • F1gure'2 is a cross sectional view of the fabric of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of a modification in which the fabric is needled in one direction only.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 an arrangement s shown in which stays 1 of burlap or other woven fabric are placed on either side of one or more layers of fibrous material 2 which consists of loosely matted animal hair or vegetable fibers.
  • fibrous material 2 which consists of loosely matted animal hair or vegetable fibers.
  • the upper stay is not secured as firmly'as the lower one by this process, but the needles which pass through both stays and the fibrous material carry a few fibers as shown at 5 through the upper stay on the return stroke and thus secure the fibrous material thereto sufliciently for ordinary purposes.
  • the fabrics manufactured in accordance with the processes noted above possess a high degree of resiliencyand softness and may be bent or flexed many times without causing the fibrous material to be loosened from the stays.
  • ible cushion comprising two stays and an intermediate layer of loosely matted fibers, fibers of the intermediate layer passing through both stays and thereby uniting them to the intermediate layer.

Description

G. C. RASCH July 30, 1929.
FIBROUS FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Sept 10, 1928 ATTORNEL].
Patented July 30, 1929.
UNITED STATES GUSTAVE C. RASCH, OF BURLINGTON, WISCONSIN.
FIBROUS FABRIC AND METHOD or. MAKIN THE SAME..-
Application filed September 10, 1928. Serial No. 304,966.
This invention relates to a fibrous fabric and method of maklng the same and more particularly to an elastic and soft fabric for use as a backing or cushion in upholstery for furniture or automobiles, for floor coverings,
or wherever low-priced flexible cushioning fabric is required. 1
It has been proposed to make carpet cushions of a plurality of layers of animal hair felted to a stay and stiffened by adhesive material such as sizing or glue. The use of adhe'sive material stifl'ens the fabric and renders it unsuitable for use .in upholstery because of the lack of flexibility and also detracts from its cushioning properties. An object of the present invention, therefore, is to produce an inexpensive cushioning fabric without the use of adhesive so that it will be very flexible and resilient but which has the requisite tensile strength.
It has also been proposed to produce a soft pliable fabric by needling several layers of fibrous material to each other with or without the interposition of a stay of burlap or the 2 like. Such a fabric is disclosed in applicants Patent No. 970,950,September 20, 1910. The present device is an improvement on that of the earlier patent in that the fibrous material is needled to two stays, the stays being on the outside of the fibrous material to protect the same. It is believed that the appli- 'cant is the first to needle fibrous material directly to outside stays and it is an object of the present inventionto produce a fibrous fabric having one layer of fibrous material secured between two layers of woven material without the use, of adhesive. This results in a fabric which is rugged, has the requisite tensile strength and is easy to manufacture.
In applicants co-pending application Serial No. 149,891, filed November 22, 1926, there is a disclosure of the step of needling a layer of fibrous material to astay. In addition to the step disclosed in the -prior applineedling machine such as described in thepatent to \Vagner' No. 1,326,236 granted December 30, 1919. i
cation, the present invention relates to a Other objects and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains. l
In the accompanying drawings, like characters designate the same parts in the several I figures.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment ofthe invention in which a stay is placed on both sides of a layer of fibrous mate- I'lllhWlliCll is-needled to both stays;
F1gure'2 is a cross sectional view of the fabric of Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of a modification in which the fabric is needled in one direction only.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 an arrangement s shown in which stays 1 of burlap or other woven fabric are placed on either side of one or more layers of fibrous material 2 which consists of loosely matted animal hair or vegetable fibers. By a needling process in which barbed needles pass through the assembled layers from both sides, the fibers of the material are bound or tied together and the material is secured to the stays, certain of the fibers or strands of the material being looped and forced through the stay. This binding'and securing of the fibers is accomplished by the use of barbed needles, with i the barbs pointing toward the point of the needle. Such barbed needles are passed through the fibrous material and stays. Thus some of the fibers are punched or looped through the interstices of the stay. and secure the fibers to each other and to the'stay. This .arrangementof the fibers is shown diagrammatically at 3. In the process of making a fabric of this type, the needling on the two sides may be done simultaneously or successively. If desired, the punching or looping of the strands or fibers through both stays maybe done by needles from one side only, the needles having barbs pointing in both directions. In this modification it will be apparent that approximately an equal amount of fibrous material is punched or thrust through both stays.
It has been discovered, however, that for some purposes, needling in one direction only is suificients Such a fabric, made by needling from one side only, using needles having barbs pointing in only one direction, is shown in Figure 3. In this modification, a fabric similar'to that of Figures 1 and 2 is shown,.
the figure in the same manner as that dis-' closed in Figures 1 and 2.
The upper stay is not secured as firmly'as the lower one by this process, but the needles which pass through both stays and the fibrous material carry a few fibers as shown at 5 through the upper stay on the return stroke and thus secure the fibrous material thereto sufliciently for ordinary purposes.
The fabrics manufactured in accordance with the processes noted above possess a high degree of resiliencyand softness and may be bent or flexed many times without causing the fibrous material to be loosened from the stays.
It is to be understood that the above modifications are to be taken only by way of illustration and that various changes may be made without departing from the scope of the in Vent-ion as set forth in the annexed claim.
I claim:
As an article of manufacture, a soft flex-.
ible cushion comprising two stays and an intermediate layer of loosely matted fibers, fibers of the intermediate layer passing through both stays and thereby uniting them to the intermediate layer.
' In witness whereof, I hereto aflix my signature.
4 GUSTAVE o. RASCH.
US30496628 1928-09-10 1928-09-10 Fibrous fabric and method of making the same Expired - Lifetime US1722764A (en)

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2774127A (en) * 1950-10-24 1956-12-18 Kendall & Co Textile sheet material
US3506530A (en) * 1965-04-03 1970-04-14 Ici Fibres Ltd Reversible non-woven needled fabrics and methods of making them
US3657068A (en) * 1970-01-07 1972-04-18 Orr Felt Co The Papermaking felt
US4242394A (en) * 1979-07-09 1980-12-30 Armstrong Cork Company Reinforced primary backing for tufted pile fabrics
US4283454A (en) * 1980-02-08 1981-08-11 Porritts & Spencer Inc. Papermakers wet felt with ribbed and smooth surface textures
EP0065622A1 (en) * 1981-04-23 1982-12-01 J.F. Adolff AG Mats used in particular as a backing for artificial grass
US4826498A (en) * 1986-01-15 1989-05-02 Koczab Jean P Absorbent pad, particularly for articles of hygiene
US4976290A (en) * 1989-06-12 1990-12-11 Ozite Corporation Tubular member having a liner
US5836357A (en) * 1995-10-26 1998-11-17 Bay Mills Ltd. Pressure-expandable conduit liner
US6360780B1 (en) * 2000-08-30 2002-03-26 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Liner for reinforcing a pipe and method of making the same
US6708729B1 (en) * 2002-03-14 2004-03-23 Instituform B.V. Fiber reinforced composite liner for lining an existing conduit and method of manufacture
US20050028881A1 (en) * 2002-03-14 2005-02-10 Smith E. Peter Fiber reinforced composite liner for lining an existing conduit and method of manufacture
US20060151042A1 (en) * 2005-01-12 2006-07-13 Stringfellow William D Pipe liner
US20060151656A1 (en) * 2005-01-12 2006-07-13 Gallagher James L Systems and methods for making pipe liners
US7096890B2 (en) 2002-06-19 2006-08-29 Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics Canada, Ltd. Inversion liner and liner components for conduits
US7478650B2 (en) 2002-06-19 2009-01-20 Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics Canada, Ltd. Inversion liner and liner components for conduits
US20090308475A1 (en) * 2005-01-12 2009-12-17 Stringfellow William D Methods and systems for in situ manufacture and installation of non-metallic high pressure pipe and pipe liners
US20110017418A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Mielke Juergen Press felt and its use
US20120285575A1 (en) * 2007-12-26 2012-11-15 Stephen Croockett Catha Movable factory for simultaneous mobile field manufacturing and installation of non-metallic pipe
US8567448B2 (en) 2007-12-26 2013-10-29 Smart Pipe Company, Inc. Methods and systems for in situ pipe lining
US9310014B2 (en) 2009-12-07 2016-04-12 Smart Pipe Company L.P. Systems and methods for making pipe, and method of installing the pipe in a pipeline
US20160122920A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-05 Claude Carey Hobbs Process For Making Non-Woven Insulating Sheeting And Products Of Such Process

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2774127A (en) * 1950-10-24 1956-12-18 Kendall & Co Textile sheet material
US3506530A (en) * 1965-04-03 1970-04-14 Ici Fibres Ltd Reversible non-woven needled fabrics and methods of making them
US3657068A (en) * 1970-01-07 1972-04-18 Orr Felt Co The Papermaking felt
US4242394A (en) * 1979-07-09 1980-12-30 Armstrong Cork Company Reinforced primary backing for tufted pile fabrics
US4283454A (en) * 1980-02-08 1981-08-11 Porritts & Spencer Inc. Papermakers wet felt with ribbed and smooth surface textures
EP0065622A1 (en) * 1981-04-23 1982-12-01 J.F. Adolff AG Mats used in particular as a backing for artificial grass
US4826498A (en) * 1986-01-15 1989-05-02 Koczab Jean P Absorbent pad, particularly for articles of hygiene
US4976290A (en) * 1989-06-12 1990-12-11 Ozite Corporation Tubular member having a liner
US5836357A (en) * 1995-10-26 1998-11-17 Bay Mills Ltd. Pressure-expandable conduit liner
US5873391A (en) * 1995-10-26 1999-02-23 Bay Mills Ltd Pressure-expandable conduit liner
US5911246A (en) * 1995-10-26 1999-06-15 Bay Mills, Ltd. Pressure-expandable conduit liner
US5931199A (en) * 1995-10-26 1999-08-03 Bay Mills Ltd. Pressure-expandable conduit liner
US6360780B1 (en) * 2000-08-30 2002-03-26 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Liner for reinforcing a pipe and method of making the same
US20050028880A1 (en) * 2002-03-14 2005-02-10 Smith E. Peter Fiber reinforced composite liner for lining an existing conduit and method of manufacture
US20050028881A1 (en) * 2002-03-14 2005-02-10 Smith E. Peter Fiber reinforced composite liner for lining an existing conduit and method of manufacture
US6932116B2 (en) * 2002-03-14 2005-08-23 Insituform (Netherlands) B.V. Fiber reinforced composite liner for lining an existing conduit and method of manufacture
US6708729B1 (en) * 2002-03-14 2004-03-23 Instituform B.V. Fiber reinforced composite liner for lining an existing conduit and method of manufacture
US7096890B2 (en) 2002-06-19 2006-08-29 Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics Canada, Ltd. Inversion liner and liner components for conduits
US7478650B2 (en) 2002-06-19 2009-01-20 Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics Canada, Ltd. Inversion liner and liner components for conduits
US20090308475A1 (en) * 2005-01-12 2009-12-17 Stringfellow William D Methods and systems for in situ manufacture and installation of non-metallic high pressure pipe and pipe liners
US7374127B2 (en) 2005-01-12 2008-05-20 Smart Pipe Company, Inc. Systems and methods for making pipe liners
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US20060151042A1 (en) * 2005-01-12 2006-07-13 Stringfellow William D Pipe liner
US8567450B2 (en) 2005-01-12 2013-10-29 Smart Pipe Company Lp Methods and systems for in situ manufacture and installation of non-metallic high pressure pipe and pipe liners
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US8398823B2 (en) * 2009-07-23 2013-03-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Press felt and its use
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US20160122920A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-05 Claude Carey Hobbs Process For Making Non-Woven Insulating Sheeting And Products Of Such Process

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