US1846169A - Electrical precipitator - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 23, 1932.

C- H. WEISKOPF ELECTRICAL PREGIPITATOR Filed Jan. 20, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet l INIZENT OR.

'- Charles H. Weisapf g 1 BY Mp4 agar/I'll A TTOR E YS.

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INVENTOR. Charles 2% Wake/rapt, BY MW, dm A W f9 ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 23, 1932. c. H. WEISKOPF ELECTRICAL PRECIFITATOR Filed Jan. 20, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR- C/Iarles lfi Wez'skopfi #6 TTORN 8.

other suitable cross-section,

Patented Feb. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- UHABLES H. WELSKO'PF, OF HAWTHORNE, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO INTERNATIONAL PRECIPITATION COMPANY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

ELECTRICAL PRECIPITATOR Application filed January 20, 1931. Serial No. 510,019.

This invention relates to means for precipitating suspended particles from gases by electrical action, and the main ObJGCt of the invention is to provide in such apparatus, electrode means adapted to withstand cons1 derable changes in temperature without in ury to the apparatus.

llhe invention relates particularly to electrical precipitator apparatus of the so-called rod curtain type in which the collectlng electrodes are composed of parallel rods or similar members arranged sufiiciently close to provide for the requisite continuity of-the electrical field. Such construction has certain advantages in case and economy of assembly, minimum weight and cost of the collecting electrodes, and comparative freedom from difficulties due to warping strains incident to changes in temperature. With the constructions heretofore in use, however, there remains some liability of warping by reason of the longitudinal expansion of the rods. A further object of the invention is to provide for mounting these rods in such manner as to substantially eliminate any liability to buckling of the rods due to changes in temperature.

The invention also comprises improved means for mounting the discharge electrodes 01 the precipitator.

The term red as used herein and in the appended claims is to be understood as including any solid rod or hollow rod, such as pipe or tubing, of either round, square or any and either plain,

' twisted or otherwise shaped, and in general any elongated member extending generally in a straight line and of sufiicient rigidity to hang substantially straight by its own weight, when suspended vertically from its upper end, without requiring the use of a tensioning weight at its lower end.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of this invention and referring thereto:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of an apparatus embodying this invention, the left portion thereof being taken on line 1a1a, and the right portion on line 1b-1b, in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line 2-2 in Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3-3 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 1 is a section on Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 in Fig 4. Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6 in Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a section on line 7-7 in Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a section on line 8-8 in Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a section on line 9--9 in Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a section on line 10-1O in Fig. 2. The precipitator comprises enclosing chamber or housing 1 defining a horizontal passage through which the gases to be treated are passed, said passages communicating with an inlet means 2 and an outlet means 3 (see Fig. 3), and suitable hopper means 4 are provided at the bottom of the precipitator chamber for receiving the collected material. Within the chamber 1 are mounted the collecting electrodes and discharge electrodes arranged in alternate series in such manner that the gas to be treated passes between the discharge and collecting electrodes. Each collecting electrode consists of a plurality of vertical rods, bars or tubes 6 which extend at their upper ends through perforations in angle bar 7 and are provided with heads 8 resting on said angle bar so as to support the rods. In the left half of Fig. 2 the rods 6 are omitted, in order to more clearly show the position of the discharge electrode members. Each angle bar 7 is mounted on its ends upon supporting beams 9 extending transversely above the preci itator chamber. For this purpose the angle ams 7 for two adjacent rows of rods 6 may be connected at their ends by saddle plates 10 resting on lugs 13 on said beams 9 so that the electrode supporting beams 7 rest freely on the beams 9 but are held against lateral displacement.

The collecting electrode rods are maintained in proper spaced position by spacing means comprising bottom spacing members such as rods or tubes 14 and intermediate spacing members such as rods or tubes 15, there being a set of rods or tubes 14 and 15 for each row of rods 6, and the rods 6 passing loosely through perforations in the rods or tubes 14 and 15. Each intermediate spacline 4-4 in Fig. 1.

ing member 15 is suspended from the to beam 7 for the corresponding row of 6 by means of vertical rods 16 having heads 17 resting on top of the angle beam 7, said rods 16 extending through the member 15 and having nuts 18 below and engaging member 15 to sup ort the meinber 15 from the member 7. imilarly, the bottom spacing members 14 may be suspended or hung from the correspondin intermediate members 15 by means of tie olts or rods 16 extending through members 15 and supported thereon by heads 17 and also extending through members 14 and having nuts 18 engaging therebeneath.

In order to properly space the several rows of rods 6 from one another, transverse spacing rods or tubes 20 and 21 may be provided, members 20 extending above the respective members 14 and being connected thereto by pins 22 extending loosely through perforations in members 20 and 14, and members 21 resting on the members 15 and being connected thereto by pins 23 extending loosely through perforations in members 21 and 15, said pins 22 and 23 being provided with suitable retaining means such as cotter pins 19 at their upper and lower ends permitting relative vertical movement or play between members 14 and 20, and between members 15 and 21, so that the respective members 20 and 21 hold the members 14 and 15 with the collecting electrode rods 6 mounted therein in spaced relation while at the same time free relative vertical movement of said parts is provided for so as to prevent any strains due to expansion or contraction by reason of changes in temperature. In this connection it may be stated that the collecting electrodes are generally made of material such as steel or iron, which is subject to corrosion in the presence of moist atmosphere, and for this reason as well as on account of liability of collection of solid material on the electrodes, there is a tendency in some cases for the vertical collecting electrode rods 6 to bind on or adhere to the spacing members 14 and 15 where they pass through the same. Moreover, there is generally a tendency for some portions of the collecting electrode, for example, the rods nearer the center to become more highly heated than other portions so that in the case of such binding of the rods within the spacing means, the provision for free vertical movement of the spacing frames, including longitudinal spacing members 14 and 15 and lateral spacing means 20 and 21, as well as for relative vertical movement ofthe spacing means 20 and 21 with respect to the spacing means 14 and 15, enables the various parts to adjust themselves without bringing undue strains thereon.

Plates 24 are adjustably mounted on vertical bafile members 11 adjacent each side wall of the precipitator chamber, for example,

by bolts 12 engaging in slots 24' in'plates 24 so as to enable said plates to be properolg adjusted to contact the end tubes or r s 14 and 15 so as to hold the entire set of collecting electrodes in pro er. position. Furthermore, the ends of t e ateral spacing members 20 and 21 ma project alongside the plates 24 as shown in ig. 7, so as to engage the sides of said plates and prevent movement of the spacing frame means longitudinally of the collecting electrodes.

The discharge electrodes 25 are shown as consisting of rods, for example, square twisted rods as shown in Figs. 4 and 8, extending through perforations in horizontal supporting rods or tubes 26 which are mounted on cross beams 27, each discharge electrode member 25 being provided with an enlargement 25' at its upper end resting on top of the bar 26 to support the member 25 as shown in Fi 4. Pins 28 on the beams 27 extend upwar y through openings in the bottom of the respective tubes 26 and engage with the top of the tube as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, to support the tube and the discharge electrode mounted thereon. The beams 27 are supported on horizontal beams 32 by means of a bracket 31 on said beams 27, said brackets engaging vertical frame beams 35 connected to beams 32 so as to hold the beam 27 against lateral displacement, the construction being such that the beams 27 are freely mounted on the beams 32 and the electrode supporting tubes 26 are freely mounted on the beams 27. The vertical frame bars 35 extend downwardly at each side of the precipitator chamber and are connected by cross members 36 and 37 respectively at the bottom portion and at an intermediate portion of the precipitator chamber and carrying spacing bars or tubes 39 and 40 through which the discharge electrode rods 25 ass.

The vertical members 35 extend upwardly through passageways 42 in the roof 43 of the precipitator and are mounted at their upper ends on horizontal beams 44 resting at their ends on insulators 45 which are mounted on the precipitator roof, the said horizontal beams 44 extending in a chamber 47 above the precipitator chamber and extending at their ends through openings 48-into insulator chambers 49 surrounding the respective insulators. The precipitator roof is provided with removable cover plates 50 permitting access to the interior of the precipitator and the chambers 47 and 49 are also provided with removable cover members 53 permitting access thereto.

The loose or free mounting of the electrodes as above described facilitates effective jarring thereof. The preferred means for effecting the jarring of the collecting electrodes comprises pneumatic hammers 55 of any suitable construction and connected by suitable piping and valves to compressed air adapted and supply, means so as to enable operation. and control of said pneumatic hammer devices. Bars are connected to angle beams 7 and extend upwardly through stufling boxes 61 in the roof of the precipitator and are con nected at their upper ends to a yoke bar 62' carrying an anvil 63 arranged above the pneumatic hammer 55 so as to be operated thereby.

The rapping means for the high tension or discharge electrodes comprises pneumatic hammers 67 mounted within the respective chambers 47 and adapted to engage anvil means 68 on the horizontal beam 64 which is connected at its ends to vertical bars 70 extending through guide members 71 on the vertical frame portion 35 aforesaid, said bars 70 being connected at their lower ends to the horizontal beams 27 on which the discharge electrode suspending rods or tubes 26 are carried.

A conductor 72 in connection with the discharge electrode system is connected to any suitable source of high tension electric current, preferably rectified in the manner usual in connection with the operation of electrical precipitators, the collecting electrode system being grounded and the operation of the precipitator being effected in the usual manner of such apparatus.

The precipitator described is especially intended for use in cleaning or removing dust and fume from gases at high temperature and in such connection the described construction has the advantage that the loose connection between the transverse spacing bars 20 supporting and spacing members 14 and 15 by means of pins 22 and 23 provides for free expansion and contraction of the respective parts and thereby obviate danger of buckling or undue strain on the parts due to unequal heating and cooling of the collecting electroile members at different portions of the precipitator chamber.

1 claim:

1. In an electrical precipitator, a collecting electrode construction comprising a plurality of horizontal supporting bars, a plurality of rows of collecting electrode rods or tubes mounted on and suspended from the respective horizontal bars and extending vertically downward therefrom, spacing members extending longitudinally of each row of collecting electrode rods and provided with perforations through which said rods extend, means for suspending said spacing members -from the horizontal supporting bar for each row of collecting electrode rods and a transverse spacing member at each end of the respective rows of collecting electrode rods, said transverse spacing members being connected to said longitudinal spacing members by a loose connection providing for free relaand 21 and the longitudinal.

tive vertical movement of the purpose set forth.

2. A construction as set forth in claim 1, in which said transverse spacing members have openings therein and said longitudinal members are provided with pins engaging loosely in said openings.

3. A construction as set forth in claim 1 v and comprising in addition, stop members adjustably mounted adjacent the longitudinal spacing members for the end rows of collecting electrode rods in position to hold the collecting electroderods in proper position.

4. An electrical precipitator comprising a precipitator chamber provided with means for passing gas therethrough, discharge and collecting electrode means mounted therein, the collecting electrode means comprising longitudinal supporting members, a row of vertical collecting electrode rods hung from each of said longitudinal supporting members, longitudinal spacing members hung from the said supporting members and holding the collecting electrode members in spaced relation, transverse spacing members connected to said longitudinal spacing members to hold same'in spaced relation, and bafile means extending vertically adjacent the end rows of collecting electrodes and stftg; plates adjustably mounted on said be e means and adapted to engage the longitudinal spacing members for the end rows of collecting electrode rods to hold the collecting electrodes in proper position.

5. In an electrical precipitator, a chamber provided with means for passing gas therethrough, discharge and collecting electrode means mounted therein, the discharge electrode means comprising horizontal beams provided with upwardly extending pins, a plurality of horizontal supporting members resting on said pins, so as to be loosely mounted on said horizontal beams, and a plurality of vertical discharge electrode members suspended from each of said horizontal supporting members.

6. In an electrical precipitator, a collecting electrode comprising a horizontal supporting bar, a plurality of collecting elec-' trode rods or tubes suspended from said supporting bar and extending vertically downward therefrom, a plurality of vertically spaced horizontally extending spacing members engaging said collecting electrode rods or tubes at diiferent levels and provided with perforations through which said rods or tubes loosely extend, means independent of said rods or tubes supporting the upper one of said spacing members from said supporting bar, and separate means independent of said rods or tubes supporting the lower one of said spacing members from the upper spacing member.

7. In an electrical precipitator, a plurality of closely spaced vertically extending rods,

said members for and a plurality of sup orting members extending transversely '0 said rods at difierent levels distributed throu hout substantially the entire height thereo all of said sup- 5 porting members engaging said rods in such manner as to restrain transverse movement of said rods 9nd only one of said supporting members engaging said rods in such manner as to prevent longitudinal movement thereof, 10 said rods passing loosely through the remaining supporting members so as to permit free longitudinal movement thereof with rgespect to said remaining supporting memers. In testimony whereof I have hereunto subslcrgbed my name this lth day of January,

CHARLES H. WEISKOPF.

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