US20010005475A1 - Blind rivet with fastener - Google Patents
Blind rivet with fastener Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20010005475A1 US20010005475A1 US09/729,077 US72907700A US2001005475A1 US 20010005475 A1 US20010005475 A1 US 20010005475A1 US 72907700 A US72907700 A US 72907700A US 2001005475 A1 US2001005475 A1 US 2001005475A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fastener
- closing element
- blind rivet
- shank
- head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 29
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000002391 femur head Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000309551 Arthraxon hispidus Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002758 humerus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002639 bone cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004394 hip joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
- F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
- F16B19/10—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets fastened by expanding mechanically
- F16B19/1027—Multi-part rivets
- F16B19/1036—Blind rivets
- F16B19/1045—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like
- F16B19/1054—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like the pull-mandrel or the like being frangible
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/0401—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/0401—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
- A61B2017/0408—Rivets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
- A61B2090/037—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety with a frangible part, e.g. by reduced diameter
-
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
- A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
- A61F2/3676—Distal or diaphyseal parts of shafts
-
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0847—Mode of fixation of anchor to tendon or ligament
- A61F2002/0858—Fixation of tendon or ligament between anchor and bone, e.g. interference screws, wedges
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0876—Position of anchor in respect to the bone
- A61F2002/0882—Anchor in or on top of a bone tunnel, i.e. a hole running through the entire bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0876—Position of anchor in respect to the bone
- A61F2002/0888—Anchor in or on a blind hole or on the bone surface without formation of a tunnel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30138—Convex polygonal shapes
- A61F2002/30154—Convex polygonal shapes square
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30433—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels, rivets or washers e.g. connecting screws
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30579—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for with mechanically expandable devices, e.g. fixation devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30594—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for slotted, e.g. radial or meridian slot ending in a polar aperture, non-polar slots, horizontal or arcuate slots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
- A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
- A61F2002/3678—Geometrical features
- A61F2002/3694—Geometrical features with longitudinal bores
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2220/0041—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels or rivets, e.g. connecting screws
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0017—Angular shapes
- A61F2230/0021—Angular shapes square
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for attaching a suture, tissue, or implant to a bone.
- blind rivets in non-medical fields are wide spread.
- Such blind rivets which typically have a closing head consisting of separate and comparatively widely spread legs, are known for example from U.S. Pat. No. 4,696,610 to Wright and U.S. Pat. No. 4,580,936 to Francis.
- These known blind rivets have longitudinal slits or cuts near the end of the shaft which form the closing head when the blind rivet is closed.
- the closing heads so formed rest on a large area.
- These known blind rivets incur the drawback that the closing heads are formed by bending the longitudinal legs and, as a result, the leg ends are not sharp tines and cannot be pressed into the material to which the rivet is being attached.
- these types of blind rivets do not prevent the blind rivet from rotating in the boreholes of the materials to be connected.
- a different non-medical blind rivet is known from British Application No. 2,054,082 of Tucker Fasteners.
- This fastener includes a pyramidal shaped head that passes through a cylindrical bore.
- Other fasteners operate in a manner analogous to a blind rivet. Examples of these fasteners include screws, marrow pins, and hip screws.
- the Seidel marrow pin for the humerus is fitted with slits at the tip and the slits are spread apart by a central pin with a ballhead. In this manner, the legs are bent outward like wings. However, these legs are bent only slightly away from the nail.
- Use of these fasteners to anchor an implant in porotic bone is problematic. Often an implant can be affixed to such bone only by injecting bone cement into the bone. This procedure can further damage a bone due to heat necrosis as the cement hardens. Moreover, the cement no longer can be removed as would be required in case of infection.
- the present invention relates to an orthopedic fastener for fixing an implant, suture, or tissue to a bone.
- the fastener comprises a blind rivet and a closing element.
- the blind rivet includes a head at a proximal end, a shank connected to the head, and an anchoring portion near a distal end.
- a bore extends through the head and shank from the proximal end to the distal end and the bore has a polygonal cross-section through the anchoring portion.
- the closing element has a body with an outer surface and is configured and dimensioned to be received in the anchoring portion.
- the outer surface of at least a portion of the closing element distal end has a polygonal cross-section flaring along the longitudinal axis toward the closing element distal end.
- the anchoring portion of the blind rivet severs into a plurality of anchoring legs when the closing element is pulled in the bore toward the blind rivet proximal end to thereby prevent rotation of the fastener.
- the anchoring legs can be spread by the closing elements into a semi-circular shape relative to the longitudinal axis to thereby form the closing head of the blind rivet.
- This feature provides a broad rest for instance on the inside bone surface and, because the semi-circular shape of the anchoring leg ends rest almost perpendicularly on the bone surface, this design offers jaw-like anchoring the closing head.
- the blind rivet can be made of a plastically deforming material, such as pure titanium, a titanium alloy, or implant-steel, to enhance the formation of the semi-circular anchoring legs.
- two mutually opposite ends of two mutually opposite anchoring legs of the closing element subtend a distance “L” which is two to three times the blind rivet's diameter “D”. Again this considerable widening of the anchoring legs provides a broad rest on the inside bone surface.
- the polygonal cross-section of the bore can include a plurality of corners that form rupture sites between the corner and the outer diameter of the shank to facilitate severing of the anchoring portion into the anchoring legs.
- the rupture sites have a wall thickness between about 1% and 9% of the outside diameter of the shank.
- the head of the blind rivet can be integral with the shank.
- the head of the blind rivet is detachable from the shank.
- the rivet head can include an inside thread and the shank includes a matching outside thread for detachable coupling of the head and shank.
- the closing element distal end can have a conical cross-section.
- the distal end of the closing element can also have a tip (like a gimlet or awl) for facilitating insertion of the closing element in bone.
- the anchoring portion can have a wall thickness that is between about 1% and 20% of the outer diameter of the shank. This design allows spreading the rivet shank in simple manner into the separate anchoring elements by means of the polygonal cone at the closing element.
- the distal end has a wall thickness that is greater than that of the proximal end of the blind rivet.
- the fastener includes a closing pin operatively associated with the closing element.
- the closing pin has a first end extending through the bore to pull the closing element through the blind rivet toward the proximal end.
- the closing element can be detachably connected to the closing pin.
- the closing pin can be connected to the closing element by a design rupture site which allows the closing pin to separate from the closing element.
- the proximal end of the closing element includes a thread and an end of the closing pin includes a matching thread.
- the fastener according to the present invention results in palliation.
- the fastener is insertable through a small borehole and, following affixation, includes a broad resting surface on the inner bone surface due to the spread out anchoring legs. These anchoring legs can dig into the inner bone surface and thereby prevent the blind rivet from rotating.
- the fastener of the invention requires only a small borehole in the bone.
- the blind rivet of the invention broadly rests on the inner bone surface.
- the semicircular anchor-like design of the anchoring legs and their anchoring in the bone preclude rotation by the fastener head.
- the hip screw is situated in a cavity, and this feature entails a dislocation of the hip head relative to the hip screw. The hip screw only can become functional after it makes contact with the inner bone surface.
- the inner head surface is used as the interface between implant and bone when using the blind rivet of the invention with the semi-circular anchoring legs.
- the surface of contact with the bone is larger and matches optimally on account of the anatomically matching anchoring legs.
- the blind rivet of the invention is used to anchor a marrow spindle into the femur head, the size of the borehole receiving the blind rivet of the invention will only be about 8 mm. This feature offers the advantage that in comparison with conventional systems of marrow-spindles/hip-screws, the diameter of the marrow spindle can be substantially reduced in the application of the invention.
- the fastener of the invention is applicable almost universally in the treatment of bone fractures for which a bone screw or similar fastener is presently used. Specifically:
- the fastener of the invention can replace screws in fastening plates
- the fastener of the invention can serve as an anchor for plates, sutures or to reattach tendons and ligaments (the claws formed when spreading the closing head will anchor well into the trabecular structure of the spongiosa);
- the fastener of the invention in joint heads such as the femur head or the humerus head, can be used as the anchor of a side plate or of an intramedullary support (heretofore large screws have been used to anchor the longitudinal supports, however these screws anchor less than optimally in the joint heads' porotic bones).
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an embodiment of a fastener according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a fastener according to the present invention with a closing element that differs from that of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-section taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section of a fastener with a closed blind rivet fixing a bone plate to a bone;
- FIG. 5 is an elevation of the embodiment of the closed blind rivet shown in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the blind rivet component of the fastener according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a front view of the blind rivet shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the blind rivet component of the fastener according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the fastener according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a front view of the fastener of FIG. 9.
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal section of a femur bone with a marrow spindle, assembly sleeve, and a blind rivet according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the fastener according to the present invention.
- the fastener includes a blind rivet 1 and a closing element 2 .
- Blind rivet 1 has a longitudinal axis 3 and consists of a cylindrical rivet shank 8 that runs parallel to longitudinal axis 3 and a rivet head 19 rigidly joined to rivet shank 8 .
- a cylindrical passage (i.e., a bore) 4 passes coaxially through blind rivet 1 .
- Rivet shank 8 is of diameter “D” and, as a result, the wall thickness “s”, defined by the width of passage 4 and the outside diameter “D”, is such that when closing blind rivet 1 by means of closing element 2 , the blind rivet can be severed at the closing part or anchoring part 9 into anchoring legs 13 (FIG.
- the number of anchoring legs 13 corresponds to the number of edges of the polygonal cross-section 5 of closing element 2 (FIG. 3).
- wall thickness “s” of rivet shank 8 amounts to 14% of the outer diameter “D”.
- closing element 2 is a component of a closing pin 16 .
- closing element 2 is of polygonal cross-section 5 (FIG. 3) flaring toward rear end 12 .
- Blind rivet 1 will be closed following insertion of closing element 2 which, by tension applied to closing pin 16 , is pressed into closing part 9 of blind rivet 1 .
- flaring segment 7 is pressed inward, the wall of rivet shank 8 is widened by segment 7 of closing element 2 and is severed by the edges of polygonal cross-section 5 into anchoring legs 13 .
- Closing pin 16 can be connected by a design rupture site to closing element 2 to allow separating this pin from this closing element after closing blind rivet 1 , for instance by applying twisting forces.
- closing element 2 is fitted with an inside thread 24 coaxial with longitudinal axis 3 and closing pin 17 is fitted with a matching outside thread 23 to allow detachably screwing closing pin 17 —which is a separate part—into closing element 2 .
- closing pin 17 can be screwed out of closing element 2 and thereby be removed from closed blind rivet 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the closing element 2 .
- the polygonal cross-section 5 is a square 6 forming four anchoring legs 13 when closing blind rivet 1 .
- FIG. 3 also shows inside thread 24 of closing element 2 of the fastener of the invention embodiment of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of a closed blind rivet 1 of another embodiment of the invention.
- Blind rivet 1 connects a bone plate 25 to a bone 26 .
- Cosing head 14 comprises four anchoring legs 13 , of which ends 31 subtend the distance “L”.
- FIG. 4 also shows that the distance “L” subtended by ends 31 of anchoring legs 13 is approximately triple the diameter “D” of rivet shank 8 .
- FIG. 5 shows an elevation of the closed blind rivet 1 of FIG. 4 with four anchoring legs 13 .
- the blind rivet 1 shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 of another embodiment of the fastener of the invention differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that bore 4 has a square cross section at closing part 9 of blind rivet 1 .
- One advantage of a cross-section of few polygonal edges is that the edges are more sharply defined and severing the rivet shank into separate anchoring legs and widening these legs when closing the blind rivet is thus enhanced. Corners 15 of bore 4 form design rupture sites between this passage and the outside diameter “D” of rivet shank 8 to facilitate severing of shank 8 into anchoring legs 13 when blind rivet 1 is being closed.
- the rupturing sites wall thickness can be between 1% and 10%, and preferably between 5% and 9%, of the outside diameter “D” of the blind rivet.
- bore 4 is fitted with an inside thread 22 coaxial with longitudinal axis 3 .
- FIG. 8 has a blind rivet 1 with a rivet head 20 that is detachably connected to rivet shank 8 .
- This detachable connection of rivet head 20 and rivet shank 8 can be implemented by threads. Accordingly, river shank 8 is fitted with an outside thread 27 coaxial with longitudinal axis 3 and rivet head 20 is fitted with a matching inside thread 28 .
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show a further embodiment of the fastener according to the present invention.
- Blind rivet 1 does not have a rivet head and consists of a cylindrical rivet shank 8 having a longitudinal axis 3 and a bore 4 also coaxial with axis 3 .
- the blind rivet is used as an anchor, for instance as a fastener in the femur head, together with a side plate or a marrow spindle or a suture anchor, an embodiment of the blind rivet without a rivet head will be appropriate.
- the design of a headless blind rivet offers the advantage of deeper bone penetration during spreading. This “post-slippage” prevents cutting the spongiosa when the blind rivet is being spread apart.
- Closing element 2 is fitted with an awl 21 .
- the diameter “d” of awl 21 corresponds to the outside diameter “D” of the blind rivet 1 and thereby pre-drilling bone 26 (FIG. 4) is not needed when assembling blind rivet 1 .
- a gimlet can be used instead of awl 21 .
- FIG. 11 shows an application of blind rivet 1 to lock a marrow spindle 18 (for instance in a femur bone 29 ).
- Marrow spindle 18 is secured axially in the proximal direction by inserting blind rivet 1 .
- Closing element 2 is mounted as a component of marrow spindle 18 at its distal end 32 .
- blind rivet 1 it is clamped between closing element 2 and a case 30 and is inserted together with the marrow spindle 18 into the femur bone 29 .
- closing head 14 is shaped at blind rivet 1 , which thereby is locked.
Abstract
Description
- This application is a continuation of the U.S. National Stage designation of co-pending International Patent Application PCT/CH99/00194, filed on May 11, 1999, which claims priority to International Patent Application PCT/CH98/00242, filed Jun. 4, 1998. The entire content of both these applications is expressly incorporated herein by reference thereto.
- The present invention relates to a device for attaching a suture, tissue, or implant to a bone.
- The use of blind rivets in non-medical fields is wide spread. Such blind rivets, which typically have a closing head consisting of separate and comparatively widely spread legs, are known for example from U.S. Pat. No. 4,696,610 to Wright and U.S. Pat. No. 4,580,936 to Francis. These known blind rivets have longitudinal slits or cuts near the end of the shaft which form the closing head when the blind rivet is closed. The closing heads so formed rest on a large area. These known blind rivets incur the drawback that the closing heads are formed by bending the longitudinal legs and, as a result, the leg ends are not sharp tines and cannot be pressed into the material to which the rivet is being attached. Thus, these types of blind rivets do not prevent the blind rivet from rotating in the boreholes of the materials to be connected.
- A different non-medical blind rivet is known from British Application No. 2,054,082 of Tucker Fasteners. This fastener includes a pyramidal shaped head that passes through a cylindrical bore.
- Other fasteners operate in a manner analogous to a blind rivet. Examples of these fasteners include screws, marrow pins, and hip screws. The Seidel marrow pin for the humerus is fitted with slits at the tip and the slits are spread apart by a central pin with a ballhead. In this manner, the legs are bent outward like wings. However, these legs are bent only slightly away from the nail. Use of these fasteners to anchor an implant in porotic bone is problematic. Often an implant can be affixed to such bone only by injecting bone cement into the bone. This procedure can further damage a bone due to heat necrosis as the cement hardens. Moreover, the cement no longer can be removed as would be required in case of infection.
- Another drawback of these known fasteners is that the anchoring strength is determined by its diameter. If there is axial overload, a cylinder of bone equal to the fastener diameter will be torn out. In healthy bone, the anchoring strength of bone screws will be sufficient. But in the case of osteoporosis, in joint zones, or as regards thin, shell-like bones, screw affixation often will be inadequate. Larger screws cannot be used because of lack of space, or else they destroy the remaining bone even more.
- Thus, there exists a need for an improved fastener.
- The present invention relates to an orthopedic fastener for fixing an implant, suture, or tissue to a bone. The fastener comprises a blind rivet and a closing element. The blind rivet includes a head at a proximal end, a shank connected to the head, and an anchoring portion near a distal end. A bore extends through the head and shank from the proximal end to the distal end and the bore has a polygonal cross-section through the anchoring portion. The closing element has a body with an outer surface and is configured and dimensioned to be received in the anchoring portion. The outer surface of at least a portion of the closing element distal end has a polygonal cross-section flaring along the longitudinal axis toward the closing element distal end. The anchoring portion of the blind rivet severs into a plurality of anchoring legs when the closing element is pulled in the bore toward the blind rivet proximal end to thereby prevent rotation of the fastener.
- The anchoring legs can be spread by the closing elements into a semi-circular shape relative to the longitudinal axis to thereby form the closing head of the blind rivet. This feature provides a broad rest for instance on the inside bone surface and, because the semi-circular shape of the anchoring leg ends rest almost perpendicularly on the bone surface, this design offers jaw-like anchoring the closing head. The blind rivet can be made of a plastically deforming material, such as pure titanium, a titanium alloy, or implant-steel, to enhance the formation of the semi-circular anchoring legs.
- In another embodiment of the fastener of the invention, two mutually opposite ends of two mutually opposite anchoring legs of the closing element subtend a distance “L” which is two to three times the blind rivet's diameter “D”. Again this considerable widening of the anchoring legs provides a broad rest on the inside bone surface.
- The polygonal cross-section of the bore can include a plurality of corners that form rupture sites between the corner and the outer diameter of the shank to facilitate severing of the anchoring portion into the anchoring legs. In an exemplary embodiment, the rupture sites have a wall thickness between about 1% and 9% of the outside diameter of the shank.
- The head of the blind rivet can be integral with the shank. Alternatively, the head of the blind rivet is detachable from the shank. If detachable, the rivet head can include an inside thread and the shank includes a matching outside thread for detachable coupling of the head and shank.
- The closing element distal end can have a conical cross-section. The distal end of the closing element can also have a tip (like a gimlet or awl) for facilitating insertion of the closing element in bone. In order to facilitate severing, the anchoring portion can have a wall thickness that is between about 1% and 20% of the outer diameter of the shank. This design allows spreading the rivet shank in simple manner into the separate anchoring elements by means of the polygonal cone at the closing element. In one embodiment, the distal end has a wall thickness that is greater than that of the proximal end of the blind rivet.
- In an exemplary embodiment, the fastener includes a closing pin operatively associated with the closing element. The closing pin has a first end extending through the bore to pull the closing element through the blind rivet toward the proximal end. The closing element can be detachably connected to the closing pin. For example, the closing pin can be connected to the closing element by a design rupture site which allows the closing pin to separate from the closing element. Alternatively, the proximal end of the closing element includes a thread and an end of the closing pin includes a matching thread.
- The fastener according to the present invention results in palliation. In use, the fastener is insertable through a small borehole and, following affixation, includes a broad resting surface on the inner bone surface due to the spread out anchoring legs. These anchoring legs can dig into the inner bone surface and thereby prevent the blind rivet from rotating.
- One advantage offered by the present invention is that the fastener of the invention requires only a small borehole in the bone. However, after implantation, the blind rivet of the invention broadly rests on the inner bone surface. Moreover and illustratively in a manner different from the case relating to a hip screw, the semicircular anchor-like design of the anchoring legs and their anchoring in the bone preclude rotation by the fastener head. With respect to porotic bones, the spongiosa in joint heads—if still present at all—will not be mechanically stressed. In other words, the hip screw is situated in a cavity, and this feature entails a dislocation of the hip head relative to the hip screw. The hip screw only can become functional after it makes contact with the inner bone surface. In such cases, however, the interface between screw and bone often is inadequate, so that the bone screw may penetrate the hip joint. In the invention on the other hand, the inner head surface is used as the interface between implant and bone when using the blind rivet of the invention with the semi-circular anchoring legs. In this manner, the surface of contact with the bone is larger and matches optimally on account of the anatomically matching anchoring legs. If the blind rivet of the invention is used to anchor a marrow spindle into the femur head, the size of the borehole receiving the blind rivet of the invention will only be about 8 mm. This feature offers the advantage that in comparison with conventional systems of marrow-spindles/hip-screws, the diameter of the marrow spindle can be substantially reduced in the application of the invention.
- In the medical field, the fastener of the invention is applicable almost universally in the treatment of bone fractures for which a bone screw or similar fastener is presently used. Specifically:
- for porotic bones partly comprising only a very thin cortex, the fastener of the invention can replace screws in fastening plates;
- in the spongiosa, the fastener of the invention can serve as an anchor for plates, sutures or to reattach tendons and ligaments (the claws formed when spreading the closing head will anchor well into the trabecular structure of the spongiosa); and
- in joint heads such as the femur head or the humerus head, the fastener of the invention can be used as the anchor of a side plate or of an intramedullary support (heretofore large screws have been used to anchor the longitudinal supports, however these screws anchor less than optimally in the joint heads' porotic bones).
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an embodiment of a fastener according to the present invention;
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a fastener according to the present invention with a closing element that differs from that of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-section taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section of a fastener with a closed blind rivet fixing a bone plate to a bone;
- FIG. 5 is an elevation of the embodiment of the closed blind rivet shown in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the blind rivet component of the fastener according to the present invention;
- FIG. 7 is a front view of the blind rivet shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the blind rivet component of the fastener according to the present invention;
- FIG. 9 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the fastener according to the present invention;
- FIG. 10 is a front view of the fastener of FIG. 9; and
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal section of a femur bone with a marrow spindle, assembly sleeve, and a blind rivet according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the fastener according to the present invention. The fastener includes a
blind rivet 1 and aclosing element 2.Blind rivet 1 has alongitudinal axis 3 and consists of acylindrical rivet shank 8 that runs parallel tolongitudinal axis 3 and arivet head 19 rigidly joined to rivetshank 8. A cylindrical passage (i.e., a bore) 4 passes coaxially throughblind rivet 1. Rivetshank 8 is of diameter “D” and, as a result, the wall thickness “s”, defined by the width ofpassage 4 and the outside diameter “D”, is such that when closingblind rivet 1 by means of closingelement 2, the blind rivet can be severed at the closing part or anchoringpart 9 into anchoring legs 13 (FIG. 4 and FIG. 5). The number of anchoringlegs 13 corresponds to the number of edges of thepolygonal cross-section 5 of closing element 2 (FIG. 3). In this particular embodiment ofblind rivet 1, wall thickness “s” ofrivet shank 8 amounts to 14% of the outer diameter “D”. - In the embodiment of the fastener of the invention shown in FIG. 1, closing
element 2 is a component of aclosing pin 16. At the segment adjoiningrear end 12, closingelement 2 is of polygonal cross-section 5 (FIG. 3) flaring towardrear end 12.Blind rivet 1 will be closed following insertion ofclosing element 2 which, by tension applied to closingpin 16, is pressed into closingpart 9 ofblind rivet 1. When flaringsegment 7 is pressed inward, the wall ofrivet shank 8 is widened bysegment 7 ofclosing element 2 and is severed by the edges ofpolygonal cross-section 5 into anchoringlegs 13. The conical angle being selected in such manner that both severing of the rivet shank into separate anchoring legs and widening of the anchoring legs when closing the blind rivet will be enhanced. Closingpin 16 can be connected by a design rupture site to closingelement 2 to allow separating this pin from this closing element after closingblind rivet 1, for instance by applying twisting forces. - The embodiment of the fastener according to the present invention shown in FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that
closing element 2 is fitted with aninside thread 24 coaxial withlongitudinal axis 3 andclosing pin 17 is fitted with a matching outsidethread 23 to allow detachably screwingclosing pin 17—which is a separate part—intoclosing element 2. Following closure ofblind rivet 1, closingpin 17 can be screwed out of closingelement 2 and thereby be removed from closedblind rivet 1. - FIG. 3 is a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the
closing element 2. In this embodiment, thepolygonal cross-section 5 is a square 6 forming four anchoringlegs 13 when closingblind rivet 1. FIG. 3 also shows insidethread 24 ofclosing element 2 of the fastener of the invention embodiment of FIG. 2. - FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of a closed
blind rivet 1 of another embodiment of the invention.Blind rivet 1 connects abone plate 25 to abone 26.Cosing head 14 comprises four anchoringlegs 13, of which ends 31 subtend the distance “L”. FIG. 4 also shows that the distance “L” subtended by ends 31 of anchoringlegs 13 is approximately triple the diameter “D” ofrivet shank 8. FIG. 5 shows an elevation of the closedblind rivet 1 of FIG. 4 with four anchoringlegs 13. - The
blind rivet 1 shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 of another embodiment of the fastener of the invention differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in thatbore 4 has a square cross section at closingpart 9 ofblind rivet 1. One advantage of a cross-section of few polygonal edges is that the edges are more sharply defined and severing the rivet shank into separate anchoring legs and widening these legs when closing the blind rivet is thus enhanced.Corners 15 ofbore 4 form design rupture sites between this passage and the outside diameter “D” ofrivet shank 8 to facilitate severing ofshank 8 into anchoringlegs 13 whenblind rivet 1 is being closed. Advantageously, the rupturing sites wall thickness can be between 1% and 10%, and preferably between 5% and 9%, of the outside diameter “D” of the blind rivet. At the segment of theblind rivet 1adjoining rivet head 19, bore 4 is fitted with aninside thread 22 coaxial withlongitudinal axis 3. - The embodiment shown in FIG. 8 has a
blind rivet 1 with arivet head 20 that is detachably connected to rivetshank 8. This detachable connection ofrivet head 20 and rivetshank 8 can be implemented by threads. Accordingly,river shank 8 is fitted with anoutside thread 27 coaxial withlongitudinal axis 3 and rivethead 20 is fitted with a matching insidethread 28. - FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show a further embodiment of the fastener according to the present invention.
Blind rivet 1 does not have a rivet head and consists of acylindrical rivet shank 8 having alongitudinal axis 3 and abore 4 also coaxial withaxis 3. If the blind rivet is used as an anchor, for instance as a fastener in the femur head, together with a side plate or a marrow spindle or a suture anchor, an embodiment of the blind rivet without a rivet head will be appropriate. The design of a headless blind rivet offers the advantage of deeper bone penetration during spreading. This “post-slippage” prevents cutting the spongiosa when the blind rivet is being spread apart. Closingelement 2 is fitted with anawl 21. The diameter “d” ofawl 21 corresponds to the outside diameter “D” of theblind rivet 1 and thereby pre-drilling bone 26 (FIG. 4) is not needed when assemblingblind rivet 1. A gimlet can be used instead ofawl 21. - FIG. 11 shows an application of
blind rivet 1 to lock a marrow spindle 18 (for instance in a femur bone 29).Marrow spindle 18 is secured axially in the proximal direction by insertingblind rivet 1. Closingelement 2 is mounted as a component ofmarrow spindle 18 at itsdistal end 32. To assembleblind rivet 1, it is clamped betweenclosing element 2 and acase 30 and is inserted together with themarrow spindle 18 into thefemur bone 29. By tensioningmarrow spindle 18 in the proximal direction and applying an opposite retention force tocase 30, closinghead 14 is shaped atblind rivet 1, which thereby is locked. - The preferred embodiments disclosed above discuss the present invention using specific orthopedic procedures; however, the blind rivet can be used almost universally in the treatment of bone fractures where presently bone screws are used. While it is apparent that the illustrative embodiments of the invention herein disclosed fulfil the objectives stated above, it will be appreciated that numerous modifications and other embodiments may be devised by those skilled in the art. Therefore, it will be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and embodiments which come within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/CH1998/000242 WO1999062417A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 | 1998-06-04 | Surgical blind rivet with closing element |
CHPCT/CH98/00242 | 1998-06-04 | ||
PCT/CH1999/000194 WO1999062418A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 | 1999-05-11 | Surgical blind rivets with closing elements |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/CH1999/000194 Continuation WO1999062418A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 | 1999-05-11 | Surgical blind rivets with closing elements |
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US09/729,077 Expired - Lifetime US6406234B2 (en) | 1998-06-04 | 2000-12-04 | Blind rivet with fastener |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2334443C (en) | 2007-01-16 |
DE59910400D1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
US6406234B2 (en) | 2002-06-18 |
CN1303251A (en) | 2001-07-11 |
MY133339A (en) | 2007-11-30 |
ZA200006072B (en) | 2001-10-31 |
WO1999062417A1 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
WO1999062418A8 (en) | 2000-03-23 |
ES2224638T3 (en) | 2005-03-01 |
AU7423698A (en) | 1999-12-20 |
EP1082063B1 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
JP2002516698A (en) | 2002-06-11 |
CN1154442C (en) | 2004-06-23 |
WO1999062418A1 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
KR20010052505A (en) | 2001-06-25 |
EP1082063A1 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
PT1082063E (en) | 2005-01-31 |
ID28090A (en) | 2001-05-03 |
CA2334443A1 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
AU3592799A (en) | 1999-12-20 |
TW381009B (en) | 2000-02-01 |
DK1082063T3 (en) | 2004-11-22 |
JP4255212B2 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
AU739792B2 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
ATE274851T1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
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