US20010021074A1 - Optical filter holder assembly - Google Patents
Optical filter holder assembly Download PDFInfo
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- US20010021074A1 US20010021074A1 US09/118,141 US11814198A US2001021074A1 US 20010021074 A1 US20010021074 A1 US 20010021074A1 US 11814198 A US11814198 A US 11814198A US 2001021074 A1 US2001021074 A1 US 2001021074A1
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- filter
- optical filter
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- wheel
- friction member
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/76—Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L9/00—Supporting devices; Holding devices
- B01L9/52—Supports specially adapted for flat sample carriers, e.g. for plates, slides, chips
- B01L9/523—Supports specially adapted for flat sample carriers, e.g. for plates, slides, chips for multisample carriers, e.g. used for microtitration plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y15/00—Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
- B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
- B01J2219/00306—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement
- B01J2219/00313—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement the reactor vessels being formed by arrays of wells in blocks
- B01J2219/00315—Microtiter plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
- B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
- B01J2219/00306—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement
- B01J2219/00313—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement the reactor vessels being formed by arrays of wells in blocks
- B01J2219/00315—Microtiter plates
- B01J2219/00317—Microwell devices, i.e. having large numbers of wells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00605—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00605—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
- B01J2219/0061—The surface being organic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00605—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
- B01J2219/00612—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports the surface being inorganic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00659—Two-dimensional arrays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/0068—Means for controlling the apparatus of the process
- B01J2219/00686—Automatic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/0068—Means for controlling the apparatus of the process
- B01J2219/00686—Automatic
- B01J2219/00691—Automatic using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/0068—Means for controlling the apparatus of the process
- B01J2219/00702—Processes involving means for analysing and characterising the products
- B01J2219/00707—Processes involving means for analysing and characterising the products separated from the reactor apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0829—Multi-well plates; Microtitration plates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
- C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
- C40B60/00—Apparatus specially adapted for use in combinatorial chemistry or with libraries
- C40B60/14—Apparatus specially adapted for use in combinatorial chemistry or with libraries for creating libraries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/807—Apparatus included in process claim, e.g. physical support structures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/807—Apparatus included in process claim, e.g. physical support structures
- Y10S436/809—Multifield plates or multicontainer arrays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
- Y10T436/113332—Automated chemical analysis with conveyance of sample along a test line in a container or rack
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
- Y10T436/113332—Automated chemical analysis with conveyance of sample along a test line in a container or rack
- Y10T436/114165—Automated chemical analysis with conveyance of sample along a test line in a container or rack with step of insertion or removal from test line
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
- Y10T436/115831—Condition or time responsive
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
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- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Optical Measuring Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application is a continuation of the following patent applications, each of which is incorporated herein by reference: U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,472, filed Apr. 17, 1998; and PCT Patent Application Ser. No. ______, filed Jul. 15, 1998, titled LIGHT DETECTION DEVICE, and naming William B. Burton, Kimberly L. Crawford, Sudhir S. Deshpande, Glenn R. Edwards, Amer El-Hage, Todd E. French, Vladimir Lemberg, Joseph S. Leytes, Samuel a. Marquiss, John W. Meadows, Irina Mineyev, Douglas N. Modlin, John C. Owicki, Jon F. Peterson, Derrick A. Richardson, Rick V. Stellnacher, and Michael T. Taylor as inventors.
- This application is based upon and claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of the following U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, each of which is incorporated herein by reference: Ser. No. 60/052,876, filed Jul. 16, 1997; Ser. No. 60/059,639, filed Sep. 20, 1997; Ser. No. 60/063,811, filed Oct. 31, 1997; Ser. No. 60/072,499, filed Jan. 26, 1998; Ser. No. 60/072,780, filed Jan. 27, 1998; Ser. No. 60/075,414, filed Feb. 20, 1998; Ser. No. 60/075,806, filed Feb. 24, 1998; Ser. No. 60/082,253, filed Apr. 17, 1998; Ser. No. 60/084,167, filed May 4, 1998; Ser. No. 60/085,335, filed May 13, 1998; Ser. No. 60/085,500, filed May 14, 1998; and Ser. No. 60,089,848, filed Jun. 19, 1998.
- This application incorporates by reference the following U.S. Patent Applications: Ser. No. ______, filed Jul. 16, 1998, titled MOVEABLE CONTROL UNIT, and naming Lev J. Leytes, William G. Burton, Yong Paik, Glenn R. Edwards, Douglas N. Modlin, and Amer-El Hage; and Ser. No. ______, filed Jul. 16, 1998, titled FLOATING HEAD ASSEMBLY, and naming Samuel A. Marquiss, Glenn R. Edwards, and Douglas N. Modlin as inventors.
- The invention relates to optical filters. More particularly, the invention relates to devices for using optical filters in a filter holder that enable optical filters to be simply, conveniently, and flexibly interchanged.
- Optical systems typically include many components, which interact to generate, transmit, modify, and detect light. Light may be generated by light sources, transmitted by optical relay structures, and detected by detectors. Light may be modified by optical filters positioned in an optical path in one or both of the light source and detector ends of the instrument.
- Optical filters modify the intensity, spectrum, polarization, and other properties of light. “Intensity filters” modify the intensity of light, where intensity is the amount of light per unit area per unit time. Intensity filters may absorb light, dissipating the absorbed energy as heat, or they may reflect or scatter light. “Spectral filters” modify the spectrum of light, where spectrum is the wavelength composition of light. Spectral filters may selectively transmit light of preselected wavelengths and selectively absorb, reflect, or scatter light of other wavelengths. A spectral filter may convert light of many colors into light of one or only a few colors. “Polarization filters” modify the polarization of light, where polarization is the direction of the electric field associated with light.
- Different applications or conditions may require different optical filters. For this reason, filter holders have been developed that allow one of a plurality of optical filters to be selected and placed in an optical path. Examples include filter wheels and filter slides. Unfortunately, these filter holders have a number of shortcomings. In particular, the number of optical filters required even for a single application often exceeds the filter-holding capacity of a given filter holder. Therefore, it sometimes is necessary to replace the optical filters within a given filter holder.
- Replacing optical filters may be difficult and time-consuming. If individual optical filters are affixed permanently to the filter holder, the entire filter holder may need to be replaced. If individual optical filters are affixed to removable filter cartridges within the filter holder, the filter holder still must be opened, individual filter cartridges removed and replaced, and the filter holder closed again. In known filter holders, filter cartridges must be replaced with the filter holder attached to an associated instrument. Working space may be minimal, and filter cartridges and other components may be dropped into the instrument, where they may cause damage and be difficult to retrieve.
- Replacing optical filters within filter cartridges also may be difficult and time-consuming. Many or most optical filters are permanently affixed to any associated filter cartridge, and may not be replaced at all. Other optical filters may be removably affixed to an associated filter cartridge, but replaceable only with a limited selection or number of filters. Filter cartridges with removable optical filters may employ a retaining ring that fits into a groove on the inside of the filter cartridge to hold the optical filter. The groove establishes a predetermined position for the retaining ring, and may limit the thickness or number of replacement filters. Optical filters that are thicker than the provided space will not fit, and optical filters that are thinner than the provided space may require spacers. Filter cartridges with removable optical filters also may employ a threaded retention member that can be screwed into the filter cartridge until a point where it holds the optical filter. This approach may require extra tools and be time-consuming. This approach also may force the retaining ring into a plane that is slightly skewed relative to the filter, misaligning the optical filter.
- The present invention addresses these and other shortcomings by providing filter cartridges and filter holders that enable optical filters to be simply, conveniently, and flexibly interchanged.
- In one embodiment, the invention provides a device for holding an optical filter that includes a filter barrel having an inner wall and a stop structure, a removable annular friction member inside the filter barrel, and at least one optical filter sandwiched between the stop structure and the friction member. In this embodiment, the friction member is held in place relative to the inner wall by static friction, without any thread, groove, or adhesive. The filter barrel and friction member may take a variety of forms and may hold optical filters of various sizes and numbers. The friction member may hold the optical filter snugly in place during routine use, while also permitting easy removal when replacing optical filters.
- In another embodiment, the invention provides a tool device for loading an optical filter into a holder. The device includes a funnel structure having a top end and a lower edge configured to rest on top of a filter holder. The funnel structure includes an inner diameter that enlarges gradually in a direction from the lower edge toward the top end. The device also may include a slug for applying pressure to a friction member when loading the optical filter.
- In yet another embodiment, the invention provides an optical filter holder system that includes a holder having a plurality of apertures, and two sets of filter cartridges configured to fit in the apertures. The first set of filter cartridges includes an optical filter permanently fixed in the filter cartridge. The second set of filter cartridges includes a mechanism that permits easy replacement of different optical filters in the same filter cartridge. The filter holder may include a filter wheel, and the mechanism that permits easy replacement my include a filter barrel and friction member.
- In yet another embodiment, the invention provides an optical filter wheel module including an optical filter wheel that is rotatable around a hub structure, and a wheel case having a static portion and a removable portion and at least one set of windows for transmitting light through the wheel case and through a selected optical filter contained in the optical filter wheel. The hub structure is built into the removable portion of the wheel case. The wheel case may be light tight and include more that one set of windows.
- In yet another embodiment, the invention provides a device for holding an optical filter comprising a base having a hub structure, and an elongate filter cartridge having a filter end and a pivot end, the filter end configured to hold at least one optical filter, the pivot end configured turnably to attach to the hub structure, so that an optical filter can be turned between two positions about the hub structure.
- The invention will be understood more readily after consideration of the drawings and the detailed description of the invention that follow.
- FIG. 1 is a partially exploded perspective view of an optical filter wheel assembly constructed in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of a portion of an optical filter wheel assembly like that shown in FIG. 1, showing a mechanism by which short filter cartridges may be removed.
- FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of the portion of the optical filter wheel assembly shown in FIG. 2, showing a mechanism by which tall filter cartridges may be removed.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a mechanism by which optical filters may be placed in a tall filter cartridge.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a mechanism by which a friction member may be pressed into place using a funnel and slug.
- FIG. 6 is a top view of a short filter cartridge constructed in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the short filter cartridge, taken generally along the line7-7 in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 is a top view of a short filter cartridge constructed in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the short filter cartridge, taken generally along the line9-9 in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 is a top view of a funnel structure constructed in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the funnel structure, taken generally along the line11-11 in FIG. 10.
- FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of an alternative filter holder assembly constructed in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a partially exploded perspective view of an optical
filter wheel assembly 20 constructed in accordance with the present invention. Opticalfilter wheel assembly 20 includes afilter wheel 22 that is rotatable about ahub structure 24, and a wheel case having astatic base portion 26 and a removable lid portion 28.Hub structure 24 is built into removable lid portion 28. -
Filter wheel 22 holdsfilter cartridges 30.Filter wheel 22 is substantially circular and includes a plurality ofapertures 32 disposed symmetrically about itsouter perimeter 34.Apertures 32 are used for mountingfilter cartridges 30 and may hold the filter cartridges via friction, threads, or other means.Filter wheel 22 may have a variety of shapes, and apertures 28 may be disposed in a variety of configurations, although a symmetric embodiment is preferred for balance and ease of rotation abouthub structure 24. - Removable lid portion28 holds
filter wheel 22. Removable lid portion 28 is substantially rectangular, with an enclosed top 36 and sides 38 a-d and an open bottom 40 for receivingfilter wheel 22. Opposed flanges 42 extend downward from one pair of opposed sides 38 b,d of removable lid portion 28 to supporthub structure 24.Filter wheel 22 is rotatably mounted through its center onhub structure 24. -
Static base portion 26 holds removable lid portion 28 andfilter wheel 22.Static base portion 26 is substantially rectangular, with anenclosed bottom 44 and sides 46 a-d and an open top 48 for receivingfilter wheel 22.Opposed slots 50 extend downward into one pair of opposed sides 46 b,d ofstatic base portion 26 to receive opposed flanges 42.Opposed posts 52 extend upward from the other pair of opposed sides 46 a,c ofstatic base portion 26 to be received byopposed holes 54 in opposed sides 38 a,c of removable lid portion 28. Flanges 42 andslots 50, andposts 52 and holes 54, individually and collectively form a post-to-hole mating structure that alignsstatic base portion 26 and removable lid portion 28 when the two portions are mated together to form the wheel case.Captive screws 56 situated inholes 54 and accessible from top 36 may be threaded intoposts 52 to hold together removable lid portion 28 andstatic base portion 26.Static base portion 26 further may be fixed to an instrument platform to form a portion of a light source module, detector module, or other optical assembly, among other applications. - The assembled wheel case is substantially light-tight, except for light that is transmitted through two sets of
opposed windows 58 included instatic base portion 26.Windows 58 are used for transmitting light through the wheel case and through a selected optical filter contained in afilter cartridge 30 infilter wheel 22.Windows 58 are located on opposite sides ofhub structure 24, so that any given optical filter infilter wheel 22 can be rotated into alignment with either set of windows. In turn, light sources, detectors, and other optical components can be aligned with either or both sets of filters. Generally, the wheel case includes at least one set of windows, which may be located on the static portion, removable portion, or other portion of the wheel case. -
Filter wheel 22 may be rotated by adrive motor 60, which is attached to removable lid portion 28 in opticalfilter wheel assembly 20. Drivemotor 60 or other driver mechanisms also may be operatively connected to opticalfilter wheel assembly 20 at other points and in other manners. - FIG. 1 also shows a mechanism by which optical
filter wheel assembly 20 may be disassembled and reassembled. Opticalfilter wheel assembly 20 is disassembled as follows. First, any associated instrument is powered down and unplugged. Second, any secondary housing enclosing opticalfilter wheel assembly 20 is removed. Third, drivemotor 60 is unplugged at its inline connector 62. Fourth,captive screws 56 are loosened. Finally, removable lid portion 28 andfilter wheel 22 are pulled out ofstatic base portion 26. - Optical
filter wheel assembly 20 may be reassembled as follows. First,filter cartridges 30 are checked to verify that they are properly seated infilter wheel 22, andfilter wheel 22 is checked to verify that it rotates smoothly abouthub structure 24 when moved by hand. Second, removable lid portion 28 andfilter wheel 22 are inserted intostatic base portion 26, aligning flanges 42 withslots 50, andposts 52 withholes 54. Third,captive screws 56 are tightened. Fourth, drivemotor 60 is plugged back in at inline connector 62. Fifth, any secondary housing is replaced. Finally, any associated instrument is plugged back in and powered up, if desired. - FIG. 2 shows a partially exploded perspective view of a removable portion80 of an optical filter wheel assembly, including a filter wheel 82, removable lid portion 84, and drive
motor 86. Filter wheel 82 includes a set of “short”filter cartridges 88 and a set of “tall” filter cartridges 90. Filter wheel 82 may hold a variety of filter cartridges, so long as the filter cartridges are configured to fit inapertures 92 in the filter wheel. Generally, opposed apertures in filter wheel 82 should contain matching filter cartridges or a suitable slug to balance the filter wheel and to prevent unfiltered radiation from reaching a detector. - FIG. 2 also shows a mechanism by which
short filter cartridges 88 may be removed and replaced. Generally,short filter cartridges 88 include anoptical filter 94 permanently affixed by suitable means, such as glue, to a short filter barrel 96 having a low profile.Optical filter 94 may include an intensity filter, a spectral filter, or a polarization filter, among others.Short filter cartridges 88 are removed from filter wheel 82 as follows. First, with the filter wheel removed as described above, the desired short filter cartridge is located by sight or by location. (Filter cartridge locations within the filter wheel may be marked on the filter wheel or elsewhere for reference.) Second, the short filter cartridge is removed by turning it counter-clockwise, which unscrews it. The short filter cartridge may be turned by hand or by a special tool, such as aspanner wrench 98 havingprongs 100 that engagegrooves 102 in the sides of the short filter cartridge 104. Finally, filter changes are noted on the filter wheel or elsewhere and in any associated instrument software.Short filter cartridges 88 may be replaced in filter wheel 82 by reversing the process, turning the short filter cartridge clockwise. - FIG. 3 shows a partially exploded perspective view of a
removable portion 120 of an optical filter wheel assembly, as shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 also shows a mechanism by whichtall filter cartridges 122 may be removed and replaced. Generally,tall filter cartridges 122 include anoptical filter 124 affixed by aremovable friction member 126 to atall filter barrel 128.Optical filter 124 may include an intensity filter, a spectral filter, or a polarization filter, among others.Friction member 126 andtall filter barrel 128 may be substantially annular.Tall filter cartridges 122 may be removed from and replaced infilter wheel 130 much likeshort filter cartridges 88; however,tall filter cartridges 122 generally are turned by hand rather than by a tool. - FIGS. 4 and 5 show a perspective view of a mechanism by which optical filters may be replaced in the tall filter cartridges. First, as shown in FIG. 4, the
optical filter 150 is placed in thetall filter barrel 152.Optical filter 150 should be oriented properly if one side is different than the other. Additionaloptical filters 150 can be placed intall filter barrel 152, if desired. Second, as shown in FIG. 5, afunnel structure 154 is placed on top oftall filter barrel 152. Third, anannular friction member 156 is placed infunnel structure 154, followed by a slug 158. Slug 158 andoptical filter 150 have approximately equivalent peripheral dimensions, including radii. Fourth, slug 158 is pushed down throughfunnel structure 154 to compressfriction member 156, which should fit snugly againstoptical filter 150. Finally, slug 158 and funnelstructure 154 are removed. The completed tall filter cartridge then can be installed in a filter wheel, as described above. -
Optical filter 150 also may be replaced by other techniques. Generally, the tall filter cartridges incorporate a mechanism that permits easy replacement of different optical filters in the same cartridge, enhancing the flexibility of the tall cartridges. -
Optical filter 150 may be removed from the tall filter cartridge as follows. First, a lint-free cloth is placed on a work surface. Second, the installed optical filter 150 (or slug 158) is pushed gently near its center with a gloved finger or thumb, which will cause theoptical filter 150 andfriction member 156 to drop out oftall filter barrel 152. Removedoptical filter 150 should be stored so that it will not become dirty or scratched. - FIGS. 6 and 7 show detailed views of a
short filter cartridge 180, which includes ashort filter barrel 182 andoptical filter 184.Short filter barrel 182 is substantially annular, with a threadedlower portion 186 that screws into an aperture in a filter wheel, and a graspableupper portion 188 having aknurled rim 190 that may be turned by hand.Optical filter 184 is supported byupper portion 188, and mounts adjacent astop structure 192 andinner wall 194 onshort filter barrel 182, so that it is substantially centered relative toshort filter barrel 182.Stop structure 192 includes anedge 196 oriented substantially perpendicular to a principal plane ofoptical filter 184 and toinner wall 194. - FIGS. 8 and 9 show detailed views of a
tall filter cartridge 210, which includes atall filter barrel 212 andoptical filter 214.Tall filter cartridge 210 resemblesshort filter cartridge 180 in many respects.Tall filter barrel 212 is substantially annular, with a threadedlower portion 216 that screws into an aperture in a filter wheel, and a graspableupper portion 218 having aknurled rim 220 that may be turned by hand.Optical filter 214 is supported byupper portion 218, and mounts adjacent astop structure 222 andinner wall 224.Stop structure 222 includes anedge 226 oriented substantially perpendicular to a principal plane ofoptical filter 214 and toinner wall 224.Inner wall 224 may be substantially perpendicular to the optical filter, as here, or it may have a funnel portion that graduates in diameter in a direction toward the stop structure, among other configurations.Lower portion 186 ofshort filter barrel 182 is substantially identical tolower portion 216 oftall filter barrel 212. However,upper portion 188 ofshort filter barrel 182 is shorter thanupper portion 218 oftall filter barrel 212, giving it a lower profile. In addition,optical filter 182 ofshort filter barrel 180 is permanently affixed toupper portion 188, whereasoptical filter 212 oftall filter barrel 210 is removably sandwiched inupper portion 218 betweenstop structure 222 and afriction member 226.Friction member 226 holdsoptical filter 212 in place relative toinner wall 224 intall filter cartridge 210 by static friction, without any thread, groove, or adhesive. For this reason, among others, optical filters of various numbers and sizes may be secured. -
Friction member 226 may take a variety of forms, including a compressible ring having an uncompressed outer diameter greater than the inner diameter ofinner wall 224. The compressible ring may exert a force on the inner wall that provides sufficient static friction to hold an optical filter snugly in place during routine use, while also permitting easy removal when replacing optical filters. - FIGS. 10 and 11 show detailed views of a
funnel structure 240, which is used for loading an optical filter into a tall filter cartridge or other holder as described above.Funnel structure 240 is substantially annular and includes inner andouter walls top end 246 andlower edge 248.Lower edge 248 includes agroove 250 adjacentinner wall 242 configured to rest on top of a filter cartridge or other holder. The inner diameter offunnel structure 240 measured betweeninner walls 242 enlarges gradually in a direction fromlower edge 248 totop end 246. - FIG. 12 shows a partial perspective view of an alternative
filter holder assembly 270.Filter holder assembly 270 includes anelongate filter cartridge 272 and abase 274.Elongate filter cartridge 272 includes afilter end 276 and apivot end 278.Filter end 278 is configured to hold optical filters, and includes twofilter slots 280 a,b in whichoptical filters 281 may be glued or otherwise attached. Generally, the filter end may hold one or more optical filters, using slots, apertures, short or tall filter cartridges, or other mechanisms. Filter slots may be left open to allow light to pass unfiltered, include filters to filter light, or include slugs or other opaque structures to block light.Pivot end 278 is configured turnably to attach to a hub structure, and includes anaperture 282 for receiving a drive axle or other pivot structure. Generally, the pivot end may attach through any means to any suitable drive mechanism.Elongate filter cartridge 278 is fan shaped,filter end 276 being wider thanpivot end 278, although other shapes also are possible. -
Base 272 generally supportselongate filter cartridge 272.Base 272 includes ahub structure 284 and major andwalls elongate filter cartridge 272 on all but one side.Elongate filter cartridge 272 is turnably attached at itspivot end 278 tohub structure 284 through adrive axle 288, about which it may turn.Base 272 also includes awindow 289 inmajor wall 286. -
Elongate filter cartridge 272 may be used for moving an optical filter in and out of an optical path, much like a filter wheel or filter slide, by turningelongate filter cartridge 272 abouthub structure 284. Becauseelongate filter cartridge 272 may move one or a few filters in and out of an optical path by turning through a limited angle, it may be configured to require less space than a filter wheel of comparable radius. Adrive mechanism 290 may be controlled orbase 274 may be configured to limit the angle through whichelongate filter cartridge 272 may turn. For example, infilter holder assembly 270, a position 292 onminor wall 287 forms a stop structure that physically limits movement ifdrive mechanism 289 attempts to turnelongate filter cartridge 272 past the wall. - Accordingly, while the invention has been disclosed in preferred forms, the specific embodiments thereof as disclosed and illustrated herein are not to be considered in a limiting sense, because numerous variations are possible and no single feature, function, or property of the preferred embodiments are essential. The invention is to be defined only by the scope of the issued claims.
Claims (26)
Priority Applications (7)
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- 1998-04-17 US US09/062,472 patent/US6071748A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-15 IL IL13406998A patent/IL134069A0/en unknown
- 1998-07-15 JP JP2000503394A patent/JP2002509235A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-15 WO PCT/US1998/014575 patent/WO1999004228A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-07-15 EP EP98935657A patent/EP1012579A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-16 US US09/118,341 patent/US6025985A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-16 US US09/118,310 patent/US6033100A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-16 US US09/118,141 patent/US6313960B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-31 US US09/144,578 patent/US6499366B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-31 US US09/144,575 patent/US6159425A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-02 US US09/146,081 patent/US6187267B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-12-08 US US09/733,370 patent/US20010007640A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (13)
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US9250131B2 (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2016-02-02 | Ricoh Co., Ltd. | Multi-imaging system with interleaved images |
US20120182438A1 (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-07-19 | Kathrin Berkner | Multi-imaging System with Interleaved Images |
US9219866B2 (en) | 2013-01-07 | 2015-12-22 | Ricoh Co., Ltd. | Dynamic adjustment of multimode lightfield imaging system using exposure condition and filter position |
CN104198394A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Photoacoustic spectrometry detection device with detachable optical filter plate structure |
US20180079586A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-03-22 | Spencer Health Solutions, Llc | System and method for reliably dispensing pre-packaged pharmaceuticals |
US20160355322A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-12-08 | Hap Innovations, Llc | System and method for reliably dispensing pre-packaged pharmaceuticals |
US20170003498A1 (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-05 | Materion Corporation | Unbalanced hub design |
US9733469B2 (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-08-15 | Materion Corporation | Unbalanced hub design |
WO2017019747A1 (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2017-02-02 | Molecular Devices, Llc | Optical element alignment and retention for optical instruments |
US10176663B2 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2019-01-08 | Spencer Health Solutions, Llc | System and method for loading a dispensing cassette useful in a system for dispensing pre-packaged pharmaceuticals |
US20180086547A1 (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-29 | Hap Innovations, Llc | System and method for reliably dispensing pre-packaged pharmaceuticals |
US20220219882A1 (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2022-07-14 | Spencer Health Solutions, Llc | System and method for reliably dispensing pre-packaged pharmaceuticals |
US10966908B2 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2021-04-06 | AGEvoluzione S.r.l.s. | Dispenser of substance doses with dish for collection thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6025985A (en) | 2000-02-15 |
EP1012579A2 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
US6499366B1 (en) | 2002-12-31 |
JP2002509235A (en) | 2002-03-26 |
US6159425A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
WO1999004228A9 (en) | 1999-07-08 |
US6071748A (en) | 2000-06-06 |
IL134069A0 (en) | 2001-04-30 |
US6313960B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 |
US6033100A (en) | 2000-03-07 |
US6187267B1 (en) | 2001-02-13 |
WO1999004228A2 (en) | 1999-01-28 |
WO1999004228A3 (en) | 1999-04-01 |
US20010007640A1 (en) | 2001-07-12 |
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