US20020086911A1 - Ground elastomer and method - Google Patents
Ground elastomer and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20020086911A1 US20020086911A1 US09/984,961 US98496101A US2002086911A1 US 20020086911 A1 US20020086911 A1 US 20020086911A1 US 98496101 A US98496101 A US 98496101A US 2002086911 A1 US2002086911 A1 US 2002086911A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- elastomer
- additive
- particle
- size
- slurry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/008—Processes carried out under supercritical conditions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
- C08J11/08—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions using selective solvents for polymer components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2321/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for converting an elastomer to a decreased size in a grinding apparatus is disclosed. The method includes optionally soaking the elastomer in a first additive. The method further includes reducing the size of the elastomer to form at least one elastomer particle of a first size. The method also includes optionally removing impurities from the elastomer. Further, the method includes adding a carrier to the elastomer particle to form an elastomer slurry. Also, the method includes providing a second additive to the slurry. In addition, the method includes converting the elastomer particle to a second size, the second size being less than the first size. The method also includes recovering the elastomer particle of the second size.
The invention also relates to novel ground elastomers and methods for their use.
Description
- The following U.S. Patents are cross-referenced and incorporated by reference herein: U.S. Pat. No. 5,238,194 issued Aug. 24, 1993 to Rouse et al. for “METHOD OF PRODUCING FINE ELASTOMERIC PARTICLES”; U.S. Pat. No. 5,411,215 issued May 2, 1995 to Rouse for “TWO STAGE GRINDING”. The present application claims priority from the Provisional filing Ser. No. 60/074,227 filed Feb. 10, 1998 titled “ASPHALT COMPOSITION WITH POLYMERIC MODIFIER”, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference including the title, abstract, specification, drawings, claims, and figures.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to the recovery of elastomers. More particularly, the present invention relates to co-grinding an elastomer and an additive in a slurry to produce ground elastomer particles.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- In recycling and reusing rubber materials, it is generally known to decrease the size of such rubber materials to small ground rubber particles (i.e., particles of irregular outline that pass through a minus 80 mesh or through a minus 50-mesh or finer). Such particles can be chemically more reactive and mechanically easier to dissolve into various mixes.
- A variety of rubber products (e.g., natural rubber, synthetic rubber, vulcanized rubber, automotive tire scrap, etc.) may be reduced to ground rubber particles. Known methods for producing rubber of a decreased size include cryogenic cracking of the rubber. Other known methods include the milling of the rubber between horizontal grinding stones in a horizontal grinding mill. Such milling techniques have been developed in the flour, paper pulp industry and the paint pigment compounding industries. Such milling techniques include grinding the rubber between opposed milling wheels, such that one wheel is fixed and the other wheel rotates relative to the fixed wheel. Such known milling techniques include pressing the two wheels against a rubber slurry, such that the rubber is ground to a fine state (i.e., powder) in a single pass. However, such known milling methods have the disadvantage of creating friction and introducing energy to the slurry, which may increase the temperature of the slurry. Increased slurry temperatures may cause “flash over” in which the slurry becomes a largely dry rubber mass that inhibits grinding. Such known milling methods further have the disadvantage of not producing a uniformly fine rubber powder that passes through a minus 50-mesh.
- Accordingly, it would be advantageous to have a method for converting an elastomer to a ground particle. It would also be advantageous to have a method to convert an elastomer to a decreased size that decreases soak time of the elastomer. It would also be advantageous to have a method to convert an elastomer to a decreased size that decreases grinding time of the elastomer. It would also be advantageous to have a method that converts an elastomer to a decreased size carried out at a relatively low temperature of an elastomer slurry. It would also be advantages to have an elastomer that chemically combines with an additive to modify the physical properties of the elastomer.
- In accordance with the present invention is provided a method for converting an elastomer to a decreased size in a grinding apparatus. The method includes optionally soaking the elastomer in a first additive. The method further includes reducing the size of the elastomer to form at least one elastomer particle of a first size. The method also includes optionally removing impurities from the elastomer. Further, the method includes adding a carrier to the elastomer particle to form an elastomer slurry. Also, the method includes providing a second additive to the slurry. In addition, the method includes converting the elastomer particle to a second size, the second size being less than the first size. The method also includes recovering the elastomer particle of the second size.
- In accordance with the present invention is also provided a ground particle. The ground particle includes an elastomer and an additive. The ground particle is preferably capable of passing through a minus 50-mesh or through a minus 80-mesh.
- Additional objects, features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objects, features and advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
- The size of an elastomer (e.g., natural rubber, synthetic rubber, recycled rubbers containing polyethylene and/or polypropylene, vulcanized rubber, carbon black, waste from tire production, various polymers, various plastics, thermoplastic elastomers, thermoplastic vulcanates, polyethylene plastics, etc.) may be decreased using a variety of mechanisms. According to an exemplary embodiment, the elastomer is soaked in a fluid. According to a preferred embodiment, the fluid is soapy water and/or an aromatic oil. Soaking the elastomer, among other things, causes the elastomer to swell, removes oils from the elastomer and dissolves adhesives in the elastomer.
- According to an exemplary embodiment, a variety of water-soluble additives may be added to the soaking fluid. The additive, when used during soaking of the elastomer, decreases the swelling time of the elastomer as compared to elastomers soaked in the absence of the additive. According to an alternative embodiment, the additive may be a chemical that swells the rubber, but is not a tackifier, such as tetrahydrofuran (THF) or dimethyl formamide (DMF). According to other alternative embodiments, a variety of additives (as described below) may be used when soaking the elastomer. According to a preferred embodiment the additive used when soaking the elastomer is a fatty amine, such as DELAMIN™ commercially available from Hercules, Inc.
- The size of the soaked elastomer may be decreased in a grinding apparatus, such as a set of milling stones. According to an alternative embodiment, the size of the soaked elastomer may be decreased by freezing the elastomer and cracking or hammering the elastomer into small sized particles. According to other alternative embodiments, the soaked elastomer is shredded by a series of blades or an Archimedes screw apparatus. According to still other alternative embodiments, the size of a soaked or non-soaked elastomer may be decreased by brute force (i.e., by two counteracting surfaces). According to a preferred embodiment, grinding of the soaked elastomer material is achieved using the grinding apparatus as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,238,194 issued Aug. 24, 1993 to Rouse et al. for “METHOD OF PRODUCING FINE ELASTOMERIC PARTICLES” and incorporated herein by reference. The grinding apparatus expediently includes a horizontal grinding machine providing a fixed stator and a rotating rotor, on which disc-shaped grinding stones having hollow centers can be mounted. The grinding stones provide flat, opposing abrasive surfaces (i.e., flat annulus surface), and each grinding stone is opposed to the other. The abrasive surfaces provide periodically spaced openings in the annulus for introducing the elastomers to be ground between the closed, cooperating abrading surfaces.
- Impurities (e.g., metals, cords, reinforcing materials, etc.) may be removed from the ground elastomer. According to an alternative embodiment, a magnet may be used to remove certain metallic impurities from the ground elastomer. According to a preferred embodiment, the impurities can be removed by passing the ground elastomer through a screen that allows ¼-inch to ⅝-inch particles to pass through.
- An elastomer slurry may be formed by adding a carrier to the ground elastomer. According to an alternative embodiment, the carrier may be a gas (e.g., air) that may carry a wet or dry stream of elastomer particles. According to other alternative embodiments, the carrier is a fluid (e.g., water). According to other alternative embodiments, the carrier may be provided through the grinding apparatus before the slurry is provided through the grinding apparatus. According to any alternative or preferred embodiment, a uniform set point fluid flow rate through a properly spaced set of grinding stones is determined as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,238,194 issued Aug. 24, 1993 to Rouse et al. for “METHOD OF PRODUCING FINE ELASTOMERIC PARTICLES” and incorporated herein by reference.
- According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the additive may be added to the slurry. The additive provides for faster grinding of the slurry as compared to a slurry in which the additive is absent. According to an alternative embodiment the additive is a water miscible dispersing agent for carbon black, such as DAXAD™ commercially available form R.T. Vanderbilt Company, Incorporated of Norwalk, Conn. According to a particularly preferred embodiment about 25% DAXAD™ is added to an elastomer slurry of 15% to 60% solids. According to an alternative embodiment, the additive is a surfactant, such as TRITON-X™ commercially available from Rohm & Haas Company. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the additive is added to the slurry in the amount of about 1% to 20% based on the amount of elastomer in the slurry, and about 10% to 15% by total weight of the elastomer in the slurry.
- The additive provides a higher yield at the first pass of grinding of the slurry as compared to a slurry in which the additive is absent. Use of the additive produces a higher quantity (i.e., more uniformly fine ground and having less shear) particle as compared to a the particles produced from a slurry in which the additive is absent. A slurry having an additive yields a significant increase in throughput of ground particles of the desired smaller size, and a smaller percentage of particles passed through the mill without adequate reduction in size. This alone is beneficial, as the economic losses occasioned by the necessity of screening out insufficiently reduced particles and re-grinding them can be reduced. Further, use of the additive provides decreased grinding times of the slurry as compared to a slurry in which the additive is absent. Decreased grinding times may reduce wear and damage to the wheels of the grinding apparatus.
- The additives provide a lower temperature to the slurry as compared to a slurry in which the additive is absent. A slurry in which the additive is absent reaches a temperature of about 400° to 450° Fahrenheit, whereas the slurry having the additive reaches a temperature of about 300° degrees Fahrenheit. Decreased temperature of the slurry is beneficial, in part, because high temperatures may destroy some polymers, less insulation is required in the grinding apparatus, heat damage to the grinding apparatus is decreased and the temperature of the grinding operation is better controlled to achieve the desired viscoelastic effects in milling the elastomer.
- The additives chemically react with the elastomer to produce a more desirable elastomer particle. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the elastomer-additive product is reduced as compared to elastomer particle product in which the additive is absent. A lower Tg value is beneficial in producing downstream materials from the elastomer-additive product because a lower temperature is required for the elastomer-additive product to change from a brittle state to a plastic state, which reduces energy costs. Further, the additives chemically react with the elastomer to produce a more tacky elastomer-additive particle product as compared to the elastomer particle product in which the additive is absent.
- According to an alternative embodiment, the additive is a resin (natural or synthetic). According to other alternative embodiments, the additive is a rosin (i.e., a mixture of monocarboxylic acids having a hydrophenanthrene nucleus) such as gum rosin or wood rosin. Rosins are of particular interest because they tend to act as dispersing agents in the elastomer slurry and affect the tackiness of the elastomer-additive product. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rosin is tall oil rosin (i.e., a by-product of the paper manufacturing process). According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the tall oil rosin has a low acid number, such as XP56™ commercially available from Arizona Chemical Company.
- According to an alternative embodiment, the additive is a resin acid (i.e., abietic-type acids that contain an isopropyl group pendent from carbon 13 as numbered using the Chemical Abstracts system, or pimaric-type acids that include a methyl and vinyl group pendent from the same carbon atom). According to other alternative embodiments, the resin acid is abietic acid or rosin soap (i.e., rosin leached with sodium hydroxide). The rosin is made water-soluble by neutralizing the rosin with a suitable base, such as ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, an amine (i.e., a Frisch amine). Other additives of interest include any rosin acid, polymerized rosin acid, esters of rosin acid, dispersions of rosin acid, dispersions of esters of rosin acid, copolymers of rosin acid, disproportionated rosin acid, hydrogenated rosin acid, 9-anthracene carboxylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, acetal R-type acids, or any organic acid that could be soluble in water by neutralizing the acid.
- According to an alternative embodiment, the additive is oleic acid (i.e., (CH3(CH2)7CH:CH(CH2)7COOH derived from animal tallow or vegetable oils). Oleic acid may not substantially modify the tackiness of the elastomer-additive product.
- According to an alternative embodiment, the additive is an oligimer (i.e., a low molecular weight polymer molecule consisting of only a few monomer units (e.g., dimer, trimer, tetramer)). According to a preferred embodiment, the oligimer has a viscosity of about 100,000 CP and tends to act as a dispersing agent in the elastomer slurry. According to a preferred embodiment the oligimer is short chain copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride that offer typical anhydride functionality in a polymeric material such as SMA™ resin commercially available from Sinclair Petrochemicals, Incorporated. According to a preferred embodiment, the oligimer is ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymers such as EMA™ resin commercially available from Monsanto Industrial Chemicals Co.
- According to an alternative embodiment, the additive is an ester, such as di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (also known as dioctyl adipate or DOA), DOS, DOD or plasticizers in PVC.
- A filler may optionally be added to the slurry. The filler may be added to the slurry (i.e., elastomer slurry or elastomer-additive slurry) to combine with the slurry to form an elastomer-additive product or an elastomer product having reinforcing properties, temperature modifying properties, increased high surface area, and/or increased tensile strength. A filler (e.g., nylon) combines with the final elastomer product to give the final product reinforcing properties, temperature modifying properties, increased high surface area, and/or increased tensile strength. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filler is a nylon material.
- The slurry (i.e., elastomer-additive slurry or elastomer slurry) is provided within a grinding apparatus and the elastomer and the additive can be co-ground (or the elastomer is ground) to decrease the elastomer particles to a decreased size. According to an alternative embodiment, the slurry is provided between the two wheels of the grinding apparatus as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,238,194 issued Aug. 24, 1993 to Rouse et al. for “METHOD OF PRODUCING FINE ELASTOMERIC PARTICLES” and incorporated herein by reference. The grinding stones can be brought into contact with (or spaced a distance apart from) each other. Choosing or maintaining the fixed position of the grinding stones with respect to each other is known in the art of colloid mills. Persons of skill in the art will readily understand how the slurry is input, at a feed pressure, to such grinding stones and how the spacing between the stones is to be adjusted and set. The grinding action generates heat, which may be controlled, modified or reduced by the particular additive in the slurry.
- The carrier and the slurry (i.e., elastomer-additive slurry or elastomer slurry) can be separated. According to an alternative embodiment, the liquid from the slurry is removed to a capture region positioned outside the outer perimeter of the opposed grinding stones. According to a preferred embodiment, the carrier is removed by a centrifuge action, such that the carrier is driven off from the slurry and the elastomer-additive particles or the elastomer particles remain.
- The grinding of the slurry (i.e., elastomer-additive slurry or elastomer slurry) may be conducted in a single pass or a multiple pass operation. According to an alternative embodiment, the grinding operation may be conducted in a single pass where the coarse particles that do not pass a screening operation can be feed to a slurry (i.e., elastomer-additive slurry or elastomer slurry) for re-grinding. According to any alternative or preferred embodiment, the grinding operation may be conducted in a multiple pass where two interconnected grinding mills sequentially grind the slurry to a final fine grind state as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,411,215 issued May 2, 1995 to Rouse for “TWO STAGE GRINDING” and incorporated herein by reference. According to the multiple pass grinding operation, a first grinding mill produces an intermediate feedstock of decreased size. The feedstock is re-wet with water or another carrier to form a feed slurry that is then sequentially fed into a second mill. The multiple pass grinding operation, by selecting optimum size of the grinding stones for production of the intermediate feedstock and then for the production of the final minus 80-mesh to 200-mesh product, requires less energy than, for example, the single pass grinding operation.
- The elastomer-additive or elastomer product may be dried by heat or air. According to an alternative embodiment, the carrier “flashes off” when the ground particles in slurry exit from between the grinding stones to a decreased pressure (i.e., atmospheric pressure). The flash avoids the necessity of having a separate processing step of drying the ground particles, which saves energy costs of running a separator. The elastomer product is recovered.
- The elastomer, which preferably chemically bonds with the additive to form the elastomer-additive product, has certain functional characteristics. According to an exemplary embodiment, the elastomer-additive product is a very fine powder having a consistency similar to cooking flour. According to an alternative embodiment, the elastomer-additive product is in the original vulcanized state. The top and bottom variation of the softening point of the rosin-modified elastomer-additive product varies by about 1° Celsius. This range of softening variation is advantageous compared to the elastomer product that is not rosin-modified, which has a top and bottom softening point that various by about 10° Celsius.
- By using one or more additives with the ground elastomer as described herein, a finely ground product is obtained that is unexpectedly superior in terms of many of its properties, particularly when used in asphalt products such as roofing, paving, building materials, sealants, etc. The final product obtained when using one or more additives as described herein will generally have a bulk density of 26-28 lbs./sq. ft., have a specific gravity of from 1.13+\−0.02, have 100% of the particles finer than 175 microns or minus 80 mesh. Ground elastomer products prepared as described herein will typically resist phase separation, are storage stable, provide superior low temperature properties and have excellent high temperature stiffness. When the ground elastomer is mixed at a ratio of from 10-15% with asphalt such as WY Sour AC-20, AC-10, Venezu. AC-20, Saudi AC-20 and the like, by any known method, the storage stability of the asphalt product per ASTM D5892 (incorporated herein by reference) also known as the “Cigar Tube” storage stability test will typically range for the top (SP, top, ° F.) from 133-144 and at the bottom (SP, bottom, ° F.) from 134-156. The change in storage stability between the top and bottom sections generally remains substantially unchanged, that is, the ΔF° from top to bottom will preferably be from 0-2 degrees, This is beneficial, inter alia, because the small change in storage stability of the asphalt will minimize cracking due to temperature changes since the layers of asphalt applied for example on a road, will generally age at the same rate. Asphalt including a ground elastomer with one or more of the instantly described additives will also be easier to store and ship.
- The additive can be added in any desired amount. Preferably the additive is added in an amount from 0.5% to 95%, more preferably from 5% to 40% advantageously from 5% to 20% but in a preferred embodiment is added in an amount of about 10% or 10%, in each case being based on the total weight of the elastomer.
- Samples of ground tire rubber were prepared in accordance with the Two-Stage grinding method to approximately 80 mesh as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,411,215 and incorporated herein by reference, with the exception that during the first grinding operation, to 9 of the samples, one or more additives were added in the weight percentages indicated in Table 1 below. One sample of natural rubber was ground to approximately 80 mesh. The ground products were then mixed at either a 90:10 or 75:25 ratio with an asphalt and the resultant asphalt was tested. Table 1 sets forth the properties obtained with the various samples.
TABLE 1 Control 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Asphalt % Citgo Venzeuelan AC-5 90 90 90 90 90 90 Diamond Shamrock AC-20 75 75 75 75 75 Polymer Type % Ground Tire Rubber 100% 10 Ground Tire Rubber + 10% or Aromatic Oil 10 25 Ground Tire Rubber + 10% KRATON 10 25 Ground Tire Rubber + 10% EVA 10 25 Ground Natural Rubber 10 25 Dupont EVALOY + 10% Ground Tire 10 25 Rubber Softening Point, F 142 117 114 122 116 129 129 125 137 132 148 Penetration Pen at 4C 105 50 48 54 56 47 36 38 31 41 30 25C 113 103 107 107 83 100 66 Force Ductility, max-force kg 0.23 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.29 0.341 0.34 0.42 0.73 0.96 1.22 at 10C, kg/cm3 , force at 24 cm (1 cm/min) % recovery 800% elongation Storage Stability, 5 days, 205C Softening Point - top 174 112 122 111 120 122 127 128 131 121 307 Softening Point - bottom 164 115 127 125 119 143 131 141 158 127 152 Difference 10 3 5 14 1 21 4 13 27 6 155 Viscosity, cps 175C 687 249 243 162 2477 2047 2643 190C 470 162 158 77 108 244 1452 1597 1568 1443 7017 205C 350 115 111 56 1107 1172 1040 Cold temperature mandrel bend −35 −10 −10 −10 −10 −10 −10 −10 −10 −15 −15 Load strain properties at 10C, in/lbs 4.13 5.52 5.3 5.7 5.4 7.9 10.8 10.6 14.2 22.01 23.3 tensile strength, max.lbs. 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.6 1.98 2.8 % elongation at break 23.5 69 69 69 69 69 69 69 58 60 52.2 % recovery at break 784 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 1933 2000 2000 PAV aged 9100C, 300 psi, 20 hrs) PAV Softening Point, F 156 133 140 134 143 167 143 144 148 133 166 Penetration PAV Pen at 4C 108 36 39 32 38 31 28 29 28 33 28 Pen ratio, aged/imaged 1.03 0.72 0.81 1 0.68 0.65 1 1 0.93 0.69 0.93 Force Ductility, max-force kg 0.82 0.41 0.44 0.77 0.88 1.64 14 1 1.21 1.28 1.7 kg/cm3, force at 24 cm (1 cm/min) 0.22 0.31 0.47 0.12 1.17 0.35 0.45 0.5 0.25 1.29 % recovery 800% elongation 48 64 68 64 42 65 58 63 62 46.7 67.9 Cold temperature mandrel bend, C −25 −5 −5 −5 −5 −10 −10 −10 −10 −10 Load strain properties at 10C, in/lbs 4.42 19.06 27.86 24.5 23.9 28.8 34.1 tensile strength max lbs. 1.6 1.4 1.6 2.05 2.8 2.8 4.35 elongation, cm 9 62.5 61 52 42 45 37.3 % at break 300 2084 2033 1734 1400 1492 1242 - As can be seen from Table 1, the ground tire rubber with one or more of the additives described herein has superior properties when mixed in an asphalt as compared with the ground tire rubber alone. In particular, the softening points are much lower, the penetration properties are much lower, their viscosities are generally lower at all temperatures, their mandrel bend at cold temperatures is much higher, their load strain properties (elongation, tensile strength, etc.)were quite good. In fact, the ground tire rubber and additive mixtures had properties more similar to ground natural rubber (examples 4 and 9) as opposed to the ground tire rubber control.
- It is important to note that the use of the term “production of elastomer particles” is not meant as a term of limitation, insofar as any product which may incorporate the elastomer product is intended to be within the scope of the term. For example, the elastomeric product may be incorporated into or useful in the production of air blown asphalt, paving asphalt, roofing asphalt (e.g., shingles, roof roofing, undergarments, various membranes, etc.), paving cement (i.e., portland cement), the manufacture of any rubber article (e.g., tires, carpet backings, shoe soles, plastic garbage containers, etc.), thermoplastic elastomers, automotive goods (i.e., underbody coatings), insulation, etc.
- Although only a few exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible in the exemplary embodiments (such as variations in sizes, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, or use of materials) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the invention. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the preferred embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.
- Additional advantages, features and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details, and representative devices, shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
- The method claimed below will also function on grinding machines which have counter rotating rotor stones, as are commonly used in the pulp and paper grinding industry.
- The method claimed below is not restricted to the particular embodiment described above. The method claimed below will function on any grinding machine, including grinding machines having counter-rotating rotors (as are commonly found in the pulp and paper grinding industry).
Claims (14)
1. A method for converting an elastomer to a decreased size in a grinding apparatus, the method comprising:
optionally soaking the elastomer in a first additive;
reducing the size of the elastomer to form at least one elastomer particle of a first size;
optionally removing impurities from the elastomer;
adding a carrier to the elastomer particle to form an elastomer slurry;
providing a second additive which can be the same or different than said first additive, if employed, to the slurry;
converting the elastomer particle to a second size, the second size being less than the first size; and
recovering the elastomer particle of the second size.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first additive and the second additive are selected from the group consisting of resin acids, oleic acid, oligimers and esters and mixtures thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first additive is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl formamide and fatty amines and mixtures thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the first additive and the second additive are selected from the group consisting of water miscible dispersing agents and surfactants and mixtures thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the first additive and the second additive are selected from the group consisting of resins, rosins and resin acids and mixtures thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the first additive and the second additive are selected from the group consisting of rosin acid, polymerized rosin acid, esters of rosin acid, dispersions of rosin acid, dispersions of esters of rosin acid, copolymers of rosin acid, disproportionated rosin acid, hydrogenated rosin acid, 9-anthracene carboxylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and acetal R-type acids and mixtures thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the second additive is an organic acid.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the slurry reaches a maximum temperature of about 300° Fahrenheit.
9. A ground particle comprising:
an elastomer, and
an additive,
wherein the particle passes through a minus 50-mesh.
10. A ground particle comprising:
an elastomer, and
an additive,
wherein the additive chemically bonds to the elastomer.
11. The particle of claim 10 wherein the additive is tall oil.
12. The ground particle of claim 10 wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of resin acids, oleic acid, oligimers and esters and mixtures thereof.
13. The ground particle of claim 12 wherein the additive is tall oil.
14. An asphalt comprising a particle as claimed in claim 10.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/984,961 US20020086911A1 (en) | 1998-02-10 | 2001-10-31 | Ground elastomer and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US7422798P | 1998-02-10 | 1998-02-10 | |
US09/247,569 US6333373B1 (en) | 1999-02-10 | 1999-02-10 | Ground elastomer and method |
US09/984,961 US20020086911A1 (en) | 1998-02-10 | 2001-10-31 | Ground elastomer and method |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/247,569 Division US6333373B1 (en) | 1998-02-10 | 1999-02-10 | Ground elastomer and method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20020086911A1 true US20020086911A1 (en) | 2002-07-04 |
Family
ID=22935396
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/247,569 Expired - Fee Related US6333373B1 (en) | 1998-02-10 | 1999-02-10 | Ground elastomer and method |
US09/984,961 Abandoned US20020086911A1 (en) | 1998-02-10 | 2001-10-31 | Ground elastomer and method |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/247,569 Expired - Fee Related US6333373B1 (en) | 1998-02-10 | 1999-02-10 | Ground elastomer and method |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6333373B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1027975A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000230055A (en) |
BR (1) | BR0000362A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2298130A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011077422A1 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-30 | Innovert Investments A.L. Ltd | Method and apparatus for rubber grinding and reclaiming |
US20120316283A1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | Charles Rosenmayer | Elastomeric Compositions Comprising Reclaimed Vulcanized Elastomer Particles of Broad Size Distribution and Chemically Modified Vulcanized Elastomer Particles |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6872754B1 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2005-03-29 | Leon Wortham | Method for processing elastomers |
US6743836B2 (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2004-06-01 | R&D Technology, Inc. | Method for predispersing compounding ingredients |
EP1266739A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-18 | R & D Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for introducing colorant or the like to resinous materials |
EP1357155A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-10-29 | G. Mohammed Memon | Modified ashpalt |
JP2004035663A (en) * | 2002-07-01 | 2004-02-05 | Bridgestone Corp | Rubber composition containing reclaimed rubber |
US7087655B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2006-08-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Separation process for multi-component polymeric materials |
CN101163750A (en) * | 2005-04-12 | 2008-04-16 | 迪特尔·丹纳特 | Method of modifying asphalt |
JP2007169391A (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-07-05 | Bridgestone Corp | Asphalt composition |
EP1840153B1 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2009-03-11 | Kraton Polymers Research B.V. | Process for the preparation of an artificial latex |
JP6031598B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2016-11-24 | ブリヂストン バンダッグ リミティッド ライアビリティ カンパニーBridgestone Bandag, LLC. | Tire tread and manufacturing method thereof |
EP2958965B1 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2018-04-11 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Preparation of refined pigment from elastomer |
ITMI20130575A1 (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-12 | Italcementi Spa | CEMENTITIOUS CONGLOMERATE SCREEN WITH RECYCLED RUBBER FROM OUT-OF-USE TIRES |
EP3037388A1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-29 | Solvay SA | Alkali metal bicarbonate particles with increased dissolution time |
JP2022528599A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2022-06-15 | リーハイ テクノロジーズ, インコーポレイテッド | Asphalt modifier composition and rubber modified asphalt with increased storage stability |
Citations (61)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2833483A (en) * | 1955-01-21 | 1958-05-06 | Frederick J E China | Colloid mill |
US3862078A (en) * | 1972-02-15 | 1975-01-21 | Burke Oliver W Jun | Process for converting coarse aqueous polymer emulsion to fine emulsion |
US3879327A (en) * | 1969-04-18 | 1975-04-22 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Formation of a latex from an organic solvent dispersion of a water insoluble polymer |
US3892702A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Improved process for production of aerosol latex with centrifugal force |
US3892701A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Method of treating aqueous emulsion of solvent/polymer solution of precursor latex particle size to form latex |
US3892698A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for converting coarse aqueous emulsion into uniform fine emulsion |
US3892703A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Improved process for converting aqueous emulsion into aerosol of latex of polymer in aqueous/solvent vapor phase |
US3892700A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Method of treating stable polymer latex to produce therefrom stable latex having decreased viscosity |
US3982703A (en) * | 1974-06-26 | 1976-09-28 | Hobart Corporation | Mounting assembly for food waste disposer |
US3989661A (en) * | 1972-05-12 | 1976-11-02 | Revertex Ltd. | Method for enlarging the particle size of polymers prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization |
US4021393A (en) * | 1975-10-14 | 1977-05-03 | Mcdonald Charles H | Method and composition for surfacing and repairing broken pavements with an elastomeric material having improved flexing properties at freezing temperatures without any significant loss of viscosity at high application temperatures |
US4148763A (en) * | 1978-07-20 | 1979-04-10 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Reclaim oil for digester process for rubber reclaiming |
US4160726A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1979-07-10 | Abcor, Inc. | Ultrafiltration process for the concentration of polymeric latices |
US4340510A (en) * | 1977-12-30 | 1982-07-20 | Friedrich Howanietz | Concrete mixtures or mortar mixtures or concretes or mortars and process for their production |
US4357270A (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1982-11-02 | Montedison S.P.A. | Process for the agglomeration of rubber latexes |
US4374573A (en) * | 1979-05-08 | 1983-02-22 | Rouse Michael W | Apparatus for shredding rubber tires and other waste materials |
US4383650A (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1983-05-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method and apparatus for grinding rubber |
US4426459A (en) * | 1980-02-25 | 1984-01-17 | Bridgestone Tire Co., Ltd. | Process for decomposing vulcanized rubber |
US4427818A (en) * | 1981-05-15 | 1984-01-24 | Prusinski Richard C | Thermoplastic polymer concrete structure and method |
US4430463A (en) * | 1982-09-15 | 1984-02-07 | Michigan Hanger | Acrylic polymer Portland cement coating composition |
US4485201A (en) * | 1983-11-21 | 1984-11-27 | Midwest Elastomers, Inc. | Method of modifying asphalt with thermoplastic polymers, ground rubber and composition produced |
US4519550A (en) * | 1982-03-09 | 1985-05-28 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Material guide and cleaner for comminuting apparatus |
US4535941A (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1985-08-20 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Method of comminuting elastomeric pellets |
US4560112A (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1985-12-24 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Scrap shredding apparatus having cutter discs of different thickness |
US4561467A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1985-12-31 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Triple gate valve assembly |
US4579550A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1986-04-01 | Walker Roger B | Chains for continuously variable conical pulley transmissions |
US4625922A (en) * | 1985-01-04 | 1986-12-02 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Elevated temperature comminution of vulcanized rubber and other elastomers |
US4680321A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1987-07-14 | Polysar Limited | Agglomeration |
US4714201A (en) * | 1986-10-24 | 1987-12-22 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Tire processing apparatus and method |
US4750437A (en) * | 1987-02-11 | 1988-06-14 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Method for disposal of waste materials by incineration |
US4804031A (en) * | 1987-04-14 | 1989-02-14 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Tire removal apparatus |
US4806056A (en) * | 1986-07-07 | 1989-02-21 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Modular fuel metering apparatus and method for use thereof |
US4841623A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1989-06-27 | Rine James C | Method of mounting stones in disc or attrition mills |
US4956500A (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-09-11 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Vulcanizable rubber compound with improved tackifier |
US5205973A (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1993-04-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Precoagulation process for incorporating organic fibrous fillers |
US5224990A (en) * | 1990-10-10 | 1993-07-06 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Surfactant-modified bituminous emulsions |
US5238194A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1993-08-24 | Rouse Michael W | Method of producing fine elastomeric particles |
US5258413A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1993-11-02 | The University Of Akron | Continuous ultrasonic devulcanization of valcanized elastomers |
US5284625A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1994-02-08 | The University Of Akron | Continuous ultrasonic devulcanization of vulcanized elastomers |
US5290833A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1994-03-01 | Carsonite International Corporation | Aggregate of asphalt and filler |
US5296264A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1994-03-22 | Blacklidge Emulsions, Inc. | Method for sealing and priming prepared substrates for roadways |
US5303661A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-04-19 | Yu Chun An | Dry process for speedy and continuous recycling discarded rubber |
US5334641A (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1994-08-02 | Rouse Michael W | Rubber asphalt mix |
US5342866A (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-08-30 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Inc. | Oxidized asphalt rubber system |
US5397818A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-03-14 | Neste/Wright Asphalt Products, Co. | Process for producing tire rubber modified asphalt cement systems and products thereof |
US5397389A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1995-03-14 | American Reclamation Corp. | Asphaltic concrete product and a method for the fixation of contaminated soils and hazardous materials in the asphaltic concrete |
US5411215A (en) * | 1991-11-27 | 1995-05-02 | Rouse; Michael W. | Two stage grinding |
US5436285A (en) * | 1991-06-05 | 1995-07-25 | Causyn; David | Recycled rubber in a polymer modified asphalt and a method of making same |
US5447388A (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1995-09-05 | Rouse; Michael W. | Modular asphaltic paving rubber blending unit and method |
US5456751A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-10-10 | Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Particulate rubber included concrete compositions |
US5460649A (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1995-10-24 | Strassman; David R. | Fiber-reinforced rubber asphalt composition |
US5492561A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-02-20 | Neste/Wright Asphalt Products, Co. | Process for liquefying tire rubber and product thereof |
US5503871A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1996-04-02 | Blacklidge Emulsions, Inc. | Method for sealing and priming prepared substrates for roadways and substrate thereof |
US5522559A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1996-06-04 | Hahn & Clay | Rubber crumbing apparatus |
US5583168A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1996-12-10 | Flanigan; Theodore P. | One-stage abrasive absorption process for producing tire rubber modified asphalt cement systems and products thereof |
US5604277A (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1997-02-18 | Encore Technologies, Inc. | Rubber and plastic bonding |
US5634599A (en) * | 1994-02-17 | 1997-06-03 | Crumbrubber Technology Co., Inc. | Tire recycling process |
US5687881A (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1997-11-18 | Bandag, Incorporated | Apparatus for conveying a solid particular material |
US5704971A (en) * | 1997-03-04 | 1998-01-06 | Memon; Mohammed | Homogeneous crumb rubber modified asphalt |
US5711796A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1998-01-27 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Bituminous compositions having enhanced performance properties |
US5719215A (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1998-02-17 | Polyphalt L.L.C. | Treatment of rubber to form bituminous compositions |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB828162A (en) * | 1956-08-20 | 1960-02-17 | Us Rubber Reclaiming Co | Processes for reclaiming vulcanised natural and/or synthetic rubber and for producing reaction products therefrom |
BR9003625A (en) * | 1990-07-26 | 1992-02-18 | Luiz Carlos Oliveira Da Cunha | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING AN ELASTOMERIC PRODUCT WITH HIGH POWER OF PETROLEUM ABSORPTION AND ITS DERIVATIVES |
US5564634A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1996-10-15 | Rouse; Michael W. | Rubber comminuting apparatus |
AUPP627598A0 (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 1998-10-22 | Advanced Projects Group Pty. Ltd. | Method for treatment of vulcanized rubber |
BR9805620A (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-09-26 | Luiz Carlos Oliveira Da Cunha | Polyurethane recycling process |
-
1999
- 1999-02-10 US US09/247,569 patent/US6333373B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-02-08 CA CA 2298130 patent/CA2298130A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-10 JP JP2000033087A patent/JP2000230055A/en active Pending
- 2000-02-10 BR BR0000362A patent/BR0000362A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-10 EP EP00102778A patent/EP1027975A3/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-10-31 US US09/984,961 patent/US20020086911A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (63)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2833483A (en) * | 1955-01-21 | 1958-05-06 | Frederick J E China | Colloid mill |
US3892702A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Improved process for production of aerosol latex with centrifugal force |
US3892701A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Method of treating aqueous emulsion of solvent/polymer solution of precursor latex particle size to form latex |
US3892698A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for converting coarse aqueous emulsion into uniform fine emulsion |
US3892703A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Improved process for converting aqueous emulsion into aerosol of latex of polymer in aqueous/solvent vapor phase |
US3892700A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1975-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Method of treating stable polymer latex to produce therefrom stable latex having decreased viscosity |
US3879327A (en) * | 1969-04-18 | 1975-04-22 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Formation of a latex from an organic solvent dispersion of a water insoluble polymer |
US3862078A (en) * | 1972-02-15 | 1975-01-21 | Burke Oliver W Jun | Process for converting coarse aqueous polymer emulsion to fine emulsion |
US3989661A (en) * | 1972-05-12 | 1976-11-02 | Revertex Ltd. | Method for enlarging the particle size of polymers prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization |
US3982703A (en) * | 1974-06-26 | 1976-09-28 | Hobart Corporation | Mounting assembly for food waste disposer |
US4021393A (en) * | 1975-10-14 | 1977-05-03 | Mcdonald Charles H | Method and composition for surfacing and repairing broken pavements with an elastomeric material having improved flexing properties at freezing temperatures without any significant loss of viscosity at high application temperatures |
US4160726A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1979-07-10 | Abcor, Inc. | Ultrafiltration process for the concentration of polymeric latices |
US4340510A (en) * | 1977-12-30 | 1982-07-20 | Friedrich Howanietz | Concrete mixtures or mortar mixtures or concretes or mortars and process for their production |
US4148763A (en) * | 1978-07-20 | 1979-04-10 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Reclaim oil for digester process for rubber reclaiming |
US4374573A (en) * | 1979-05-08 | 1983-02-22 | Rouse Michael W | Apparatus for shredding rubber tires and other waste materials |
US4383650A (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1983-05-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method and apparatus for grinding rubber |
US4357270A (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1982-11-02 | Montedison S.P.A. | Process for the agglomeration of rubber latexes |
US4426459A (en) * | 1980-02-25 | 1984-01-17 | Bridgestone Tire Co., Ltd. | Process for decomposing vulcanized rubber |
US4427818A (en) * | 1981-05-15 | 1984-01-24 | Prusinski Richard C | Thermoplastic polymer concrete structure and method |
US4535941A (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1985-08-20 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Method of comminuting elastomeric pellets |
US4560112A (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1985-12-24 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Scrap shredding apparatus having cutter discs of different thickness |
US4519550A (en) * | 1982-03-09 | 1985-05-28 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Material guide and cleaner for comminuting apparatus |
US4579550A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1986-04-01 | Walker Roger B | Chains for continuously variable conical pulley transmissions |
US4430463A (en) * | 1982-09-15 | 1984-02-07 | Michigan Hanger | Acrylic polymer Portland cement coating composition |
US4485201A (en) * | 1983-11-21 | 1984-11-27 | Midwest Elastomers, Inc. | Method of modifying asphalt with thermoplastic polymers, ground rubber and composition produced |
US4561467A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1985-12-31 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Triple gate valve assembly |
US4680321A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1987-07-14 | Polysar Limited | Agglomeration |
US4625922A (en) * | 1985-01-04 | 1986-12-02 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Elevated temperature comminution of vulcanized rubber and other elastomers |
US4841623A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1989-06-27 | Rine James C | Method of mounting stones in disc or attrition mills |
US4806056A (en) * | 1986-07-07 | 1989-02-21 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Modular fuel metering apparatus and method for use thereof |
US4714201A (en) * | 1986-10-24 | 1987-12-22 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Tire processing apparatus and method |
US4750437A (en) * | 1987-02-11 | 1988-06-14 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Method for disposal of waste materials by incineration |
US4804031A (en) * | 1987-04-14 | 1989-02-14 | Waste Recovery, Inc. | Tire removal apparatus |
US4956500A (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-09-11 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Vulcanizable rubber compound with improved tackifier |
US5205973A (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1993-04-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Precoagulation process for incorporating organic fibrous fillers |
US5397389A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1995-03-14 | American Reclamation Corp. | Asphaltic concrete product and a method for the fixation of contaminated soils and hazardous materials in the asphaltic concrete |
US5224990A (en) * | 1990-10-10 | 1993-07-06 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Surfactant-modified bituminous emulsions |
US5436285A (en) * | 1991-06-05 | 1995-07-25 | Causyn; David | Recycled rubber in a polymer modified asphalt and a method of making same |
US5503871A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1996-04-02 | Blacklidge Emulsions, Inc. | Method for sealing and priming prepared substrates for roadways and substrate thereof |
US5296264A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1994-03-22 | Blacklidge Emulsions, Inc. | Method for sealing and priming prepared substrates for roadways |
US5411215A (en) * | 1991-11-27 | 1995-05-02 | Rouse; Michael W. | Two stage grinding |
US5334641A (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1994-08-02 | Rouse Michael W | Rubber asphalt mix |
US5525653A (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1996-06-11 | Rouse; Michael W. | Rubber asphalt mix |
US5238194A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1993-08-24 | Rouse Michael W | Method of producing fine elastomeric particles |
US5604277A (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1997-02-18 | Encore Technologies, Inc. | Rubber and plastic bonding |
US5284625A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1994-02-08 | The University Of Akron | Continuous ultrasonic devulcanization of vulcanized elastomers |
US5258413A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1993-11-02 | The University Of Akron | Continuous ultrasonic devulcanization of valcanized elastomers |
US5290833A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1994-03-01 | Carsonite International Corporation | Aggregate of asphalt and filler |
US5719215A (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1998-02-17 | Polyphalt L.L.C. | Treatment of rubber to form bituminous compositions |
US5342866A (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-08-30 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Inc. | Oxidized asphalt rubber system |
US5303661A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-04-19 | Yu Chun An | Dry process for speedy and continuous recycling discarded rubber |
US5456751A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-10-10 | Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Particulate rubber included concrete compositions |
US5447388A (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1995-09-05 | Rouse; Michael W. | Modular asphaltic paving rubber blending unit and method |
US5397818A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-03-14 | Neste/Wright Asphalt Products, Co. | Process for producing tire rubber modified asphalt cement systems and products thereof |
US5583168A (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1996-12-10 | Flanigan; Theodore P. | One-stage abrasive absorption process for producing tire rubber modified asphalt cement systems and products thereof |
US5634599A (en) * | 1994-02-17 | 1997-06-03 | Crumbrubber Technology Co., Inc. | Tire recycling process |
US5624078A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1997-04-29 | Hahn & Clay | Method of making crumb rubber |
US5522559A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1996-06-04 | Hahn & Clay | Rubber crumbing apparatus |
US5460649A (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1995-10-24 | Strassman; David R. | Fiber-reinforced rubber asphalt composition |
US5492561A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-02-20 | Neste/Wright Asphalt Products, Co. | Process for liquefying tire rubber and product thereof |
US5711796A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1998-01-27 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Bituminous compositions having enhanced performance properties |
US5687881A (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1997-11-18 | Bandag, Incorporated | Apparatus for conveying a solid particular material |
US5704971A (en) * | 1997-03-04 | 1998-01-06 | Memon; Mohammed | Homogeneous crumb rubber modified asphalt |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011077422A1 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-30 | Innovert Investments A.L. Ltd | Method and apparatus for rubber grinding and reclaiming |
US8955779B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2015-02-17 | Green-Gum Rubber Recycle Ltd. | Method and apparatus for rubber grinding and reclaiming |
US20120316283A1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | Charles Rosenmayer | Elastomeric Compositions Comprising Reclaimed Vulcanized Elastomer Particles of Broad Size Distribution and Chemically Modified Vulcanized Elastomer Particles |
US9108386B2 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2015-08-18 | Lehigh Technologies, Inc. | Elastomeric compositions comprising reclaimed vulcanized elastomer particles of broad size distribution and chemically modified vulcanized elastomer particles |
AU2012267533B2 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2017-05-25 | Lehigh Technologies, Inc. | Elastomeric compositions comprising reclaimed vulcanized elastomer particles of broad size distribution and chemically modified vulcanized elastomer particles |
US9783660B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2017-10-10 | Lehigh Technologies, Inc. | Elastomeric compositions comprising reclaimed vulcanized elastomer particles of broad size distribution and chemically modified vulcanized elastomer particles |
US10513600B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2019-12-24 | Lehigh Technologies, Inc. | Elastomeric compositions comprising reclaimed vulcanized elastomer particles of broad size distribution and chemically modified vulcanized elastomer particles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1027975A3 (en) | 2002-02-06 |
EP1027975A2 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
JP2000230055A (en) | 2000-08-22 |
BR0000362A (en) | 2001-10-09 |
CA2298130A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 |
US6333373B1 (en) | 2001-12-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6333373B1 (en) | Ground elastomer and method | |
US6426136B1 (en) | Method of reducing material size | |
US5397825A (en) | Rubber recycling process and product | |
WO2000027916A9 (en) | A wood substitute composition and process for producing same | |
US20020198302A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for introducing colorant or the like to resinous materials | |
US6663954B2 (en) | Method of reducing material size | |
US6815510B2 (en) | Elastomer reclaiming composition and method | |
EP1186625A2 (en) | Particle size reduction using supercritical materials | |
EP3966273B1 (en) | Process for the production of an additive for bituminous conglomerates with high mechanical performances | |
Manuel et al. | Recycling of rubber | |
Datta et al. | Reactive compatibilization of polypropylene and nylon | |
WO1999048960A1 (en) | Process for the manufacture of quality reclaimed rubber | |
CA2459191A1 (en) | Ground elastomer or plastic or composite materials with substantially homogenous properties | |
US6743836B2 (en) | Method for predispersing compounding ingredients | |
WO2021250621A1 (en) | Plastic processing system and apparatus | |
Rouse et al. | Elastomer Reclaiming Composition and Method | |
KR101675330B1 (en) | Thermoplastic vulcanized composite and the preparing method thereof | |
AU2021204547B2 (en) | Plastic processing system and apparatus | |
EA045643B1 (en) | METHOD FOR OBTAINING ADDITIVE FOR BITUMEN CONGLOMERATES WITH HIGH MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPOSITION OF ADDITIVE | |
Khait | Tyre rubber recycling by mechanochemical processing | |
Prut et al. | Structure and properties of rubber powder and its materials | |
OA20648A (en) | Process for the production of an additive for bituminous conglomerates with high mechanical performances and additive composition. | |
CN117903525A (en) | Preparation method of recycled polypropylene composite material based on waste nylon carpet recycling byproducts |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: LEHIGH TECHNOLOGIES, INC., GEORGIA Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNORS:VENTURE LENDING & LEASING V, INC.;VENTURE LENDING & LEASING VI, INC.;REEL/FRAME:030942/0419 Effective date: 20130727 |