US20030000424A1 - Coatings for building products and formulations for use with same - Google Patents

Coatings for building products and formulations for use with same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030000424A1
US20030000424A1 US10/090,375 US9037502A US2003000424A1 US 20030000424 A1 US20030000424 A1 US 20030000424A1 US 9037502 A US9037502 A US 9037502A US 2003000424 A1 US2003000424 A1 US 2003000424A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
slurry
formulation
coating
product
dewatering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US10/090,375
Inventor
Basil Naji
Milton O'Chee
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James Hardie International Finance BV
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James Hardie Research Pty Ltd
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Priority claimed from AUPR3476A external-priority patent/AUPR347601A0/en
Priority claimed from AUPR3474A external-priority patent/AUPR347401A0/en
Priority claimed from AUPR3477A external-priority patent/AUPR347701A0/en
Priority claimed from AUPR3475A external-priority patent/AUPR347501A0/en
Priority claimed from AUPR3478A external-priority patent/AUPR347801A0/en
Application filed by James Hardie Research Pty Ltd filed Critical James Hardie Research Pty Ltd
Assigned to JAMES HARDIE RESEARCH PTY LIMITED reassignment JAMES HARDIE RESEARCH PTY LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NAJI, BASIL, O'CHEE, MILTON
Publication of US20030000424A1 publication Critical patent/US20030000424A1/en
Assigned to JAMES HARDIE INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V. reassignment JAMES HARDIE INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JAMES HARDIE RESEARCH PTY LIMITED
Assigned to JAMES HARDIE INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V. reassignment JAMES HARDIE INTERNATIONAL FINANCE B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JAMES HARDIE RESEARCH PTY LIMITED
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/14Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/52Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
    • B28B1/522Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement for producing multi-layered articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/46Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for humidifying or dehumidifying
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/08Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/12Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482Coating or impregnation materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S106/00Compositions: coating or plastic
    • Y10S106/01Fly ash
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y10T428/249932Fiber embedded in a layer derived from a water-settable material [e.g., cement, gypsum, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249967Inorganic matrix in void-containing component
    • Y10T428/249968Of hydraulic-setting material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249971Preformed hollow element-containing
    • Y10T428/249972Resin or rubber element
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249986Void-containing component contains also a solid fiber or solid particle
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/2651 mil or less
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31652Of asbestos
    • Y10T428/31667Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers, or aldehyde or ketone condensation product
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to coatings and in particular coatings for building products and laminated building products, and formulations for use with the same.
  • the coatings can be divided into two main groups namely finishing coatings, which are intended primarily for aesthetic purposes, and functional coatings which provide some additional structural or other property/attribute to the resultant product.
  • the application technique depends to a large extent on the properties of the coating composition and base layer or product to be coated. Manual application and spraying etc are most popular but they restrict the types of coating to be applied and indeed the building product to be coated. For example, when using a spray technique, one must ensure the coating composition is of sufficient flowability to pass through the spray nozzle but at the same time, the base material to be coated must be sufficiently rigid to withstand the impact of the spray coating.
  • Gypsum or plaster board is used almost exclusively as an internal wall board due to its excellent surface finish.
  • fibre reinforced cement building board for instance as an internal wall board has significant advantages including cost and structural integrity as compared with gypsum board.
  • some techniques for production of fibre reinforced cement sheets do not provide a gypsum like surface finish.
  • builders require an internal wall board with a near perfect surface finish.
  • Even minute irregularities which arise from production of fibre reinforced cement sheets can be sufficient to reject the product.
  • Sanding the surface of the FRC sheet has been used to improve its surface finish but in some instances such sanding can ‘feather’ or leave exposed the reinforcing fibres thereby exacerbating the problem.
  • the present invention provides a method for coating a building product comprising providing a coating formulation including a hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent, producing a slurry of said formulation, applying said slurry to the product to be coated and dewatering said slurry through said product.
  • the present invention provides a formulation for use in coating a building product comprising a hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent sufficient to permit dewatering of a slurry produced from said formulation through the building product.
  • the present invention provides a dewaterable slurry for coating a building product, said slurry comprising water, a hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent sufficient to permit dewatering of said slurry through said building product.
  • the present invention provides a composite product comprising a base structural layer with a coating thereon, the coating including a hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent sufficient such that the coating may be dewatered through the base layer.
  • the present invention provides a method of making and improving a hydraulic binder based coating formulation for coating a building product comprising adding to said binder a quantity of dewatering agent such that after application of a slurry of said formulation to said building product, said slurry can be dewatered through the building product.
  • the present invention provides a dewatering aid for dewatering a cementitious slurry coating on a product, said dewatering aid comprising a quantity of particulate material sufficient to permit dewatering of the slurry through the product to be coated.
  • the dewatering agent serves to maintain sufficient porosity in the slurry and product to be coated to permit dewatering of the slurry through the product to be coated.
  • the dewatering agent is a particulate material such as fly ash, alumina trihydrate, silica flour, cenospheres (ceramic hollow spheres) or similar.
  • Fly ash is particularly preferred as it permits dewatering of the slurry within a few minutes.
  • Other particulate dewatering agents such as alumina trihydrate or silica flour may also be used, however, they increase the time required for dewatering of the slurry through the product to be coated.
  • the slurry applied to the product to be coated has a high water content.
  • the water content can be up to 50%. This is in contrast to previous cementitious formulations which generally have a higher solids content.
  • a dewaterable slurry is obtained which can be applied to the building product, dewatered through the building product and thereby provide a uniform coating over the building product.
  • the resultant product would be normally cured, steam cured or hydrothermally cured, ie autoclaved, and if required, sanded to a smooth flat finish.
  • the building product to which the coating can be applied is virtually limitless provided the slurry can be dewatered through the building product.
  • Cementitious and gypsum building boards are typical examples of suitable building products on which the coating can be applied.
  • the resultant coating which may optionally contain fibres, results in a decorative finishing layer which is sandable, smooth, flat, low permeable, crack free and/or flexible, ready to be finished, for example by painting.
  • the thickness of such a coating layer prior to sanding would range from around 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably about 0.5 to 5 mm and most preferably about 1 to 3 mm.
  • the finish layer may have a depth of around 0.05 to 5 mm, preferably about 0.1 to 2 mm and most preferably about 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • the thus produced coated product is comparable in its workability to monolithic (single layer) composites. It can be flexed, cut, drilled and fixed by nails etc to a frame without surface cracking or chipping.
  • hydroaulic binder refers to a pulverised material in the solid, dry state which, when mixed with water, yields plastic mixtures that are able to set and harden, for example a cement. Included within the definition are white, grey or pigmented cements and hydraulic limes.
  • cement includes hydraulic and alite cements such as portland cement, blended cements such as portland cement blended with fly ash, blast-furnace slag, pozzalans and the like and mixtures thereof, masonry cement, oil well cement, natural cement, alumina cement, expansive cements and the like, or mixtures thereof.
  • the quantity of binder in the formulation is preferably between about 10 to 50 wt % based on the total dry ingredients, more preferably about 15 to 40 wt % and most preferably about 20 to 30 wt %.
  • the fly ash used in the present invention provides a number of advantages including, particularly, as an aid to dewatering of the slurry as defined above.
  • powder ash refers to a solid powder having a chemical composition similar to or the same as the composition of material that is produced during combustion of powdered coal, ie about 25 to 60 wt % silica, about 10 to 30 wt % Al 2 O 3 , about 5 to 25 wt % Fe 2 O 3 , about 0 to 20 wt % CaO and about 0 to 5 wt % MgO.
  • Fly ash particles are typically spherical and range in diameter from about 1 to 100 microns.
  • the fly ash comprises two components.
  • a first ‘larger’ size particles of fly ash with preferably about a 100 micron maximum size. This size range of fly ash is used in the slurry to aid in improving the dewatering characteristics of the slurry but also as a moderately reactive pozzalan.
  • the second ‘smaller’ fly ash size zone which preferably has about a 10 micron maximum size also adds an improving dewatering characteristic but is a more highly reactive pozzalan. This ‘smaller’ fly ash particle zone also improves the sanded surface quality of the finish layer.
  • the first fly ash comprises about 10 to 60 wt % of the formulation based on total dry ingredients, more preferably about 20 to 50 wt % and most preferably about 30 to 40 wt %.
  • the second fly ash component preferably provides about 5 to 30 wt % of the formulation based on total dry ingredients, more preferably about 10 to 25 wt % and most preferably about 15 to 20%.
  • the dewatering agent may include a coarse fraction fly ash which is greater than about 100 microns.
  • This coarse fraction fly ash includes bottom ash or similar products from coal combustion. There is an advantage to using these products over the aforementioned particle size fly ash since it is cheaper.
  • some reformulation of the slurry may be required to provide a suitable coating and appropriate dewatering characteristics when the dewatering agent is such a coarse fraction fly ash.
  • the coating may optionally contain other additives such as fillers.
  • fillers may also be used to improve the dewatering characteristics of the slurry.
  • cenospheres high ceramic microspheres
  • wollastonite diatomite
  • ground rice hulls ground perlite or the like
  • fillers may also be used to provide additional benefits, for example calcium carbonates or alumina hydrates improve sandability and flexibility of the coated layer respectively.
  • Silica flour improves hardness of the sanded surface of the coating layer and the acoustic/thermal insulation properties of the layer can be improved by including rubber particles, vermiculite, perlite, expanded polystyrene or gypsum.
  • the fillers preferably comprise about 5 to 30 wt % of the formulation based on total dry ingredients, more preferably about 10 to 25 wt % and most preferably about 25 to 20 wt %.
  • the coating may also contain other organic additives.
  • Cement plasticising agents may be used to alter the rheology of the slurry. Suitable cement plasticising agents include melamine sulphonate formaldehyde condensates, naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates, naphthalene sulphonates, calcium lignosulphonates, sodium lignosulphonates, saccharose, sodium gluconate, sulphonic acids, carbohydrates, amino carboxylic acids, polyhydroxycarboxilic acids, sulphonated melomine and the like.
  • the amount of cement plasticiser of course will depend upon the fluidising ability of the particular plasticisers. Generally the quantity of plasticiser will be in the range of about 0.3 to 3 wt % and more preferably about 0.5 to 2 wt % based on the total of dry ingredients in the formulation.
  • Particularly preferred cement plasticisers are Melment F-10, a melamine formaldehyde sodium bisulphate polymer dispersant marketed by SKW-Trostburg in the form of a fine white powder.
  • Another suitable plasticiser is Neosyn, a condensed sodium salt of sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde available from Hodgson Chemicals.
  • Another preferred component in the coating is a biopolymer which acts to enhance the flowability, segregation resistance and self levelling qualities of the cementitious slurry.
  • Particularly suitable bioplymers are xanathan gum and/or whelan gum, eg KELCO-CRETE, K1C 376 manufactured by Monsanto.
  • Latex may also be included in the coating composition to improve adherence, elasticity, stability and impermeability of the coating.
  • the latex also improves flexibility of the formed coating.
  • the latex may be selected from the group consisting of acrylic latex, styrene latex, butadiene latex or mixtures thereof and is provided preferably in an amount between about 0.5 to 20%, more preferably about 1 to 15% and most preferably about 10% by weight of cement (on polymer solids basis) solids.
  • Vinyl polymers may also be incorporated into the coating either in addition or as a substitute to the latex emulsions. Such vinyl polymers or equivalent polymeric materials enhance adhesion, resilience and flexural strength and abrasion resistance of the coating.
  • Preferred vinyl polymers include polyvinyl acetate or a copolymer vinyl acetate with another monomer such as ethylene.
  • a particularly preferred vinyl acetate resin is VINNAPAS LL5044 thermo plastic resin powder which contains a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer available from Wacker. Such powdered vinyl polymer is preferably provided in quantities similar to the latex emulsion referred to above.
  • one particular advantage arising from the present invention is the ability to treat the product to be coated by providing additives in the coating.
  • additives since the coating is dewatered through the product to be coated, it is possible to provide additives to the base layer by incorporation in the slurry.
  • a waterproofing agent such as silane may be included in the coating in excess of the coating layers requirements.
  • the silane will be drawn into and through the base layer being coated thereby treating the base layer.
  • This simultaneous treatment of the base layer as well as coating the base layer is a valuable additional benefit arising from the aforedescribed method.
  • a slurry of the formulation is prepared by mixing the hydraulic binder, fly ash and other optional components with water.
  • the solids content in the slurry is preferably between about 50 and 90%, more preferably about 55 to 80% and most preferably about 60 to 70%.
  • Step 2 Slurry Application/Dewatering
  • the slurry is applied to the base layer by any convenient means such as brushes rollers, knives or sprays etc.
  • the slurry is applied by means of the apparatus and method subject of Australian Provisional Patent Application Nos. PR3475 and PR3477, which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the slurry is preferably designed to self level and form a uniform coating on the product.
  • the building product to be coated exhibits s certain degree of porosity causing the slurry to dewater and form a uniform deposited cementitious layer.
  • Time for dewatering can vary quite dramatically but normally occurs between about 10 and 90 seconds, depending on the porosity of the material to be coated, its water content and thickness and viscosity of the slurry formulation.
  • a vacuum may be used to reduce the slurry dewatering time if required. This is particularly useful when tailoring the coating process to the speed of a building product forming process, eg between about 40 to 45 seconds on a Hatschek production line.
  • the green laminate article comprising the building product plus coating is preferably precured for a short time, eg up to about 48 hours, then cured by air/moist curing at room temperature, steam curing between about 40 and 90° C. or autoclaving in a steam pressure vessel between about 120 and 200° C.
  • a curing time range between about 6 and 72 hours, preferably up to about 48 hours, is suitable.
  • the length of time chosen for curing is dependent on the formulation, the manufacturing process and form of the article.
  • the aforementioned examples provide a coated product comparable in workability to monolithic or single layer composites. They can be flexed, cut, drilled or fixed by nails or the like to a frame without surface cracking or chipping.
  • the surface is ‘finish-ready’ and remains smooth, flat, crack-free and with low permeability even when used in a curved configuration.
  • Each examples provided excellent interlaminer bond between the base sheet and coating exhibiting good composite action, compatibility and resistance to delamination.
  • a) Terrazzo hardwearing decorative finish
  • the finishing layer of the dewatered slurry can contain marble chips and pigmented cements and fillers. It may then be sanded and polished to form a hardwearing decorative finish.
  • a coating on, for example, a fibre cement backing board could be used as flooring tiles, decorative wall lining or external prefinished fibre cement cladding.
  • Stucco (orange peel) Finish this may be achieved by manipulating speed and volume of the applied slurry to achieve a stucco look on the finishing layer.
  • such a product may be used as an external pre-finished cement cladding.
  • the coating layer may include various fillers and other additives to improve its flexibility, eg ethylene vinyl acetate, styrene butadiene rubber, styrene acrylic. It is designed to be a sandable, workable ie by score and snap, nailable, crack-free, non-chipping, flexible and bendable, paint ready surface. Such a coating could normally be applied to reasonably thin building product to permit flexibility. It has a wide variety of uses but is particularly suitable as an internal lining in wet area applications or as an external cladding element, eg as a paint ready fibre cement siding.
  • Skim-coated finish such a coating of the dewatered slurry may be applied to gypsum based building products thereby providing a smooth, flat, pre-skim coated and paint ready surface.
  • Rubberised finish by the addition of rubber crumbs into the slurry formulation, a coating layer may be provided on say a fibre cement backing for use as a skid resistant flooring, hardwearing static dissipative flooring or acoustic insulating ceiling panels.

Abstract

A formulation and dewaterable slurry for coating a building product. The coating formulation includes an hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent. A slurry is produced from said formulation and applied to the product to be coated. The resultant coating may be dewatered through said product. Dewatering can be accomplished with or without vacuum assistance.

Description

    PRIORITY CLAIM
  • This application claims priority from the following Australian provisional patent applications, the full contents of which are hereby incorporated by cross-reference. [0001]
    Application No Title Date Filed
    PR3474 A Composite Product 2 March 2001
    PR3475 Spattering Apparatus 2 March 2001
    PR3476 Additive for a Dewaterable Slurry 2 March 2001
    PR3477 A Method and Apparatus for Forming a 2 March 2001
    Laminated Sheet Material by Spattering
    PR3478 Coatings for Building Products 2 March 2001
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention [0002]
  • The present invention relates to coatings and in particular coatings for building products and laminated building products, and formulations for use with the same. [0003]
  • 2. Description of the Related Art [0004]
  • Any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification should in no way be considered as an admission that such prior art is widely known or forms part of common general knowledge in the field. [0005]
  • There are a huge variety of mechanisms for applying coatings to building products such as building boards. [0006]
  • The coatings can be divided into two main groups namely finishing coatings, which are intended primarily for aesthetic purposes, and functional coatings which provide some additional structural or other property/attribute to the resultant product. [0007]
  • The application technique depends to a large extent on the properties of the coating composition and base layer or product to be coated. Manual application and spraying etc are most popular but they restrict the types of coating to be applied and indeed the building product to be coated. For example, when using a spray technique, one must ensure the coating composition is of sufficient flowability to pass through the spray nozzle but at the same time, the base material to be coated must be sufficiently rigid to withstand the impact of the spray coating. [0008]
  • For certain building products, such as internal wall systems, a smooth surface finish is vital. Gypsum or plaster board is used almost exclusively as an internal wall board due to its excellent surface finish. [0009]
  • The use of fibre reinforced cement building board for instance as an internal wall board has significant advantages including cost and structural integrity as compared with gypsum board. However, some techniques for production of fibre reinforced cement sheets do not provide a gypsum like surface finish. In response to public demand, builders require an internal wall board with a near perfect surface finish. Even minute irregularities which arise from production of fibre reinforced cement sheets can be sufficient to reject the product. Sanding the surface of the FRC sheet has been used to improve its surface finish but in some instances such sanding can ‘feather’ or leave exposed the reinforcing fibres thereby exacerbating the problem. [0010]
  • It is an object of the present invention to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative. [0011]
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for coating a building product comprising providing a coating formulation including a hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent, producing a slurry of said formulation, applying said slurry to the product to be coated and dewatering said slurry through said product. [0012]
  • In a second aspect, the present invention provides a formulation for use in coating a building product comprising a hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent sufficient to permit dewatering of a slurry produced from said formulation through the building product. [0013]
  • In a third aspect, the present invention provides a dewaterable slurry for coating a building product, said slurry comprising water, a hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent sufficient to permit dewatering of said slurry through said building product. [0014]
  • In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a composite product comprising a base structural layer with a coating thereon, the coating including a hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent sufficient such that the coating may be dewatered through the base layer. [0015]
  • In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method of making and improving a hydraulic binder based coating formulation for coating a building product comprising adding to said binder a quantity of dewatering agent such that after application of a slurry of said formulation to said building product, said slurry can be dewatered through the building product. [0016]
  • In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a dewatering aid for dewatering a cementitious slurry coating on a product, said dewatering aid comprising a quantity of particulate material sufficient to permit dewatering of the slurry through the product to be coated. [0017]
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words ‘comprise’, ‘comprising’, and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of “including, but not limited to”. [0018]
  • The dewatering agent serves to maintain sufficient porosity in the slurry and product to be coated to permit dewatering of the slurry through the product to be coated. Preferably, the dewatering agent is a particulate material such as fly ash, alumina trihydrate, silica flour, cenospheres (ceramic hollow spheres) or similar. [0019]
  • Fly ash is particularly preferred as it permits dewatering of the slurry within a few minutes. Other particulate dewatering agents such as alumina trihydrate or silica flour may also be used, however, they increase the time required for dewatering of the slurry through the product to be coated. [0020]
  • In a preferred embodiment, the slurry applied to the product to be coated has a high water content. Preferably, the water content can be up to 50%. This is in contrast to previous cementitious formulations which generally have a higher solids content. [0021]
  • By combining the various components of the coating formulation described above, a dewaterable slurry is obtained which can be applied to the building product, dewatered through the building product and thereby provide a uniform coating over the building product. [0022]
  • Normally, after application of the coating, the resultant product would be normally cured, steam cured or hydrothermally cured, ie autoclaved, and if required, sanded to a smooth flat finish. [0023]
  • The building product to which the coating can be applied is virtually limitless provided the slurry can be dewatered through the building product. Cementitious and gypsum building boards are typical examples of suitable building products on which the coating can be applied. [0024]
  • The resultant coating, which may optionally contain fibres, results in a decorative finishing layer which is sandable, smooth, flat, low permeable, crack free and/or flexible, ready to be finished, for example by painting. [0025]
  • The thickness of such a coating layer prior to sanding would range from around 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably about 0.5 to 5 mm and most preferably about 1 to 3 mm. [0026]
  • After sanding, the finish layer may have a depth of around 0.05 to 5 mm, preferably about 0.1 to 2 mm and most preferably about 0.5 to 1 mm. The thus produced coated product is comparable in its workability to monolithic (single layer) composites. It can be flexed, cut, drilled and fixed by nails etc to a frame without surface cracking or chipping. [0027]
  • The applicants have found an extremely good interlaminer bond and compatibility between the dewatered slurry layer and base layer resulting in excellent composite action, compatibility and resistance to delamination. [0028]
  • The term ‘hydraulic binder’ as used throughout the specification refers to a pulverised material in the solid, dry state which, when mixed with water, yields plastic mixtures that are able to set and harden, for example a cement. Included within the definition are white, grey or pigmented cements and hydraulic limes. [0029]
  • The term ‘cement’ includes hydraulic and alite cements such as portland cement, blended cements such as portland cement blended with fly ash, blast-furnace slag, pozzalans and the like and mixtures thereof, masonry cement, oil well cement, natural cement, alumina cement, expansive cements and the like, or mixtures thereof. [0030]
  • The quantity of binder in the formulation is preferably between about 10 to 50 wt % based on the total dry ingredients, more preferably about 15 to 40 wt % and most preferably about 20 to 30 wt %. [0031]
  • The fly ash used in the present invention provides a number of advantages including, particularly, as an aid to dewatering of the slurry as defined above. [0032]
  • The term ‘fly ash’ as used herein refers to a solid powder having a chemical composition similar to or the same as the composition of material that is produced during combustion of powdered coal, ie about 25 to 60 wt % silica, about 10 to 30 wt % Al[0033] 2O3, about 5 to 25 wt % Fe2O3, about 0 to 20 wt % CaO and about 0 to 5 wt % MgO.
  • Fly ash particles are typically spherical and range in diameter from about 1 to 100 microns. In a preferred embodiment, the fly ash comprises two components. A first ‘larger’ size particles of fly ash with preferably about a 100 micron maximum size. This size range of fly ash is used in the slurry to aid in improving the dewatering characteristics of the slurry but also as a moderately reactive pozzalan. [0034]
  • The second ‘smaller’ fly ash size zone which preferably has about a 10 micron maximum size also adds an improving dewatering characteristic but is a more highly reactive pozzalan. This ‘smaller’ fly ash particle zone also improves the sanded surface quality of the finish layer. [0035]
  • In a preferred embodiment, the first fly ash comprises about 10 to 60 wt % of the formulation based on total dry ingredients, more preferably about 20 to 50 wt % and most preferably about 30 to 40 wt %. [0036]
  • The second fly ash component preferably provides about 5 to 30 wt % of the formulation based on total dry ingredients, more preferably about 10 to 25 wt % and most preferably about 15 to 20%. [0037]
  • In another preferred embodiment, the dewatering agent may include a coarse fraction fly ash which is greater than about 100 microns. This coarse fraction fly ash includes bottom ash or similar products from coal combustion. There is an advantage to using these products over the aforementioned particle size fly ash since it is cheaper. Of course, as will be clear to persons skilled in the art, some reformulation of the slurry may be required to provide a suitable coating and appropriate dewatering characteristics when the dewatering agent is such a coarse fraction fly ash. [0038]
  • The coating may optionally contain other additives such as fillers. Such fillers may also be used to improve the dewatering characteristics of the slurry. For example, cenospheres (hollow ceramic microspheres) diatomite, wollastonite, ground rice hulls, ground perlite or the like, are particularly suitable for this purpose. [0039]
  • These and other fillers may also be used to provide additional benefits, for example calcium carbonates or alumina hydrates improve sandability and flexibility of the coated layer respectively. Silica flour improves hardness of the sanded surface of the coating layer and the acoustic/thermal insulation properties of the layer can be improved by including rubber particles, vermiculite, perlite, expanded polystyrene or gypsum. [0040]
  • The fillers preferably comprise about 5 to 30 wt % of the formulation based on total dry ingredients, more preferably about 10 to 25 wt % and most preferably about 25 to 20 wt %. [0041]
  • The coating may also contain other organic additives. Cement plasticising agents, for example, may be used to alter the rheology of the slurry. Suitable cement plasticising agents include melamine sulphonate formaldehyde condensates, naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates, naphthalene sulphonates, calcium lignosulphonates, sodium lignosulphonates, saccharose, sodium gluconate, sulphonic acids, carbohydrates, amino carboxylic acids, polyhydroxycarboxilic acids, sulphonated melomine and the like. [0042]
  • The amount of cement plasticiser of course will depend upon the fluidising ability of the particular plasticisers. Generally the quantity of plasticiser will be in the range of about 0.3 to 3 wt % and more preferably about 0.5 to 2 wt % based on the total of dry ingredients in the formulation. [0043]
  • Particularly preferred cement plasticisers are Melment F-10, a melamine formaldehyde sodium bisulphate polymer dispersant marketed by SKW-Trostburg in the form of a fine white powder. Another suitable plasticiser is Neosyn, a condensed sodium salt of sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde available from Hodgson Chemicals. [0044]
  • Another preferred component in the coating is a biopolymer which acts to enhance the flowability, segregation resistance and self levelling qualities of the cementitious slurry. Particularly suitable bioplymers are xanathan gum and/or whelan gum, eg KELCO-CRETE, K1C 376 manufactured by Monsanto. [0045]
  • Latex may also be included in the coating composition to improve adherence, elasticity, stability and impermeability of the coating. The latex also improves flexibility of the formed coating. [0046]
  • The latex may be selected from the group consisting of acrylic latex, styrene latex, butadiene latex or mixtures thereof and is provided preferably in an amount between about 0.5 to 20%, more preferably about 1 to 15% and most preferably about 10% by weight of cement (on polymer solids basis) solids. [0047]
  • Vinyl polymers may also be incorporated into the coating either in addition or as a substitute to the latex emulsions. Such vinyl polymers or equivalent polymeric materials enhance adhesion, resilience and flexural strength and abrasion resistance of the coating. [0048]
  • Preferred vinyl polymers include polyvinyl acetate or a copolymer vinyl acetate with another monomer such as ethylene. A particularly preferred vinyl acetate resin is VINNAPAS LL5044 thermo plastic resin powder which contains a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer available from Wacker. Such powdered vinyl polymer is preferably provided in quantities similar to the latex emulsion referred to above. [0049]
  • In addition to the above, conventional other additives such as mineral oxides, hydroxides and clays, metal oxides and hydroxides, fire retardants such as magnesite, thickeners, silica fume or amorphous silica, water sealing agents, water reducing agents, setting modifiers, hardeners, dispersants, foaming agents or flocculating agents, water-proofing agents and density modifiers are suitable for use with the present invention. [0050]
  • In this regard, one particular advantage arising from the present invention is the ability to treat the product to be coated by providing additives in the coating. To explain, since the coating is dewatered through the product to be coated, it is possible to provide additives to the base layer by incorporation in the slurry. For instance, a waterproofing agent such as silane may be included in the coating in excess of the coating layers requirements. During dewatering, the silane will be drawn into and through the base layer being coated thereby treating the base layer. This simultaneous treatment of the base layer as well as coating the base layer is a valuable additional benefit arising from the aforedescribed method.[0051]
  • EXAMPLES
  • The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the following embodiments. [0052]
  • In each of the following examples, the product was produced as follows. [0053]
  • Step 1 Slurry Preparation [0054]
  • A slurry of the formulation is prepared by mixing the hydraulic binder, fly ash and other optional components with water. The solids content in the slurry is preferably between about 50 and 90%, more preferably about 55 to 80% and most preferably about 60 to 70%. [0055]
  • Step 2 Slurry Application/Dewatering [0056]
  • The slurry is applied to the base layer by any convenient means such as brushes rollers, knives or sprays etc. In a particular embodiment the slurry is applied by means of the apparatus and method subject of Australian Provisional Patent Application Nos. PR3475 and PR3477, which are incorporated herein by reference. [0057]
  • The slurry is preferably designed to self level and form a uniform coating on the product. The building product to be coated exhibits s certain degree of porosity causing the slurry to dewater and form a uniform deposited cementitious layer. Time for dewatering can vary quite dramatically but normally occurs between about 10 and 90 seconds, depending on the porosity of the material to be coated, its water content and thickness and viscosity of the slurry formulation. A vacuum may be used to reduce the slurry dewatering time if required. This is particularly useful when tailoring the coating process to the speed of a building product forming process, eg between about 40 to 45 seconds on a Hatschek production line. [0058]
  • Step 3 Curing [0059]
  • After forming, the green laminate article comprising the building product plus coating is preferably precured for a short time, eg up to about 48 hours, then cured by air/moist curing at room temperature, steam curing between about 40 and 90° C. or autoclaving in a steam pressure vessel between about 120 and 200° C. [0060]
  • For either of these three curing techniques, a curing time range between about 6 and 72 hours, preferably up to about 48 hours, is suitable. Of course, as will be clear to persons skilled in the art, the length of time chosen for curing is dependent on the formulation, the manufacturing process and form of the article. [0061]
  • The following examples relate to specific formulation compositions. [0062]
  • Example 1 Sandable Dewatered Slurry Composition
  • Function: [0063]
  • sandable, durable finishing layer for facade applications. [0064]
  • The low viscosity slurry (drainage time in 50 ml volume funnel=3.4 seconds) was applied on the base layer (Hardiform™ 12 mm thick cellulose fibre reinforced cement-based green sheet manufactured by James Hardie Industries). The slurry dewatered in 90 seconds (un-aided by vacuum) forming a 1.25 mm thick coating. The coated sheet was autoclave-cured for 8 hrs at 180° C. temperature and 0.80 MPa pressure. It was then sanded flat to 0.60 mm thick using industrial sanders equipped with 100 grit sand paper belts. [0065]
    % by total
    Slurry weight of
    Composition solids (S) Weight in gm
    Dewatered Cementitious Composition
    Portland Cement 30 12000
    Silica Flour (400 G 10 4000
    grade)
    Fly ash (larger size 40 16000
    fraction)
    Fly ash (smaller size 20 8000
    fraction)
    Total 100 40000
    Water (W) 14000
    Water/Solids (W/S 0.35
    ratio)
    Solids Content 0.74
    (W/W + S)
    Organic Additives
    Welan Gum 0.0075 3.0
    (Kelcocrete)
    naphthalene 0.25 100.0
    formaldehyde
    Plasticising Agent
    (Neosyn)
    Acrylic Emulsion 1.0 400.0
    Rhoplex MC 1934
  • Example 2 Rubberised Dewatered Slurry Composition
  • Function: [0066]
  • Finishing layer in skid-resistant flooring, hard wearing static dissipative flooring and acoustic insulating ceiling panels. [0067]
  • The low viscosity slurry (drainage time in 50 ml volume funnel=4.2 seconds) was applied on the base layer (Hardiform™ 12 mm thick cellulose fibre reinforced cement-based green sheet manufactured by James Hardie Industries). The slurry dewatered in 60 seconds (un-aided by vacuum) forming a 1.25 mm thick coating. The coated sheet was autoclave-cured for 8 hrs at 180° C. temperature and 0.80 MPa pressure. It was then sanded flat to 0.60 mm thick using industrial sanders equipped with 100 grit sand paper belts. [0068]
    % by total
    Slurry weight of
    Composition solids (S) Weight in gm
    Dewatered Cementitious Composition
    Portland Cement 30 12000
    Recycled Rubber crumbs 10 4000
    (minus 30 mesh)
    Fly ash(larger size 40 16000
    fraction)
    Fly ash(smaller size 20 8000
    fraction)
    Total 100 40000
    Water 13000
    Water/Solids (W/S 0.325
    ratio)
    Solids Content 0.755
    (W/W + S)
    Organic Additives
    Welan Gum (Kelcocrete) 0.0075 3.0
    naphthalene 0.25 100.0
    formaldehyde
    Plasticising Agent
    (Neosyn)
    Acrylic Emulsion 1.0 400.0
    Rhoplex MC1934
  • Example 3 Flexible & Sandable Dewatered Slurry Composition
  • Function: [0069]
  • Flexible & sandable finishing layer on thin fibre cement reinforced cement-based lining. [0070]
  • The low viscosity slurry (drainage time in 50 ml volume funnel=2.8 seconds) was applied on the base layer (Hardiflex™ 4.5 mm thick cellulose fibre reinforced cement-based green sheet manufactured by James Hardie Industries). The slurry dewatered in 120 seconds (un-aided by vacuum) forming a 1.25 mm thick coating. The coated sheet was precured for 48 hours then was autoclave-cured for 8 hrs at 180° C. temperature and 0.80 MPa pressure. It was then sanded flat to 0.60 mm thick using industrial sanders equipped with 100 grit sand paper belts. [0071]
    % by total
    Slurry weight of
    Composition solids (S) Weight in gm
    Dewatered Cementitious Composition
    Portland Cement 20 8000
    Calcium Carbonate 10 4000
    Grade 10 (40 um avg.
    size)
    Alumina Tri-hydrate 5 2000
    (80 um avg. size)
    Fly ash (larger size 45 18000
    fraction)
    Fly ash (smaller size 20 8000
    fraction)
    Total 100 40000
    Water 12000
    Water/ Solids (W/S 0.30
    ratio)
    Solids Content 0.77
    (W/W + S)
    Organic Additive
    Welan Gum (Kelcocrete) 0.0075 3.0
    naphthalene 0.25 100.0
    formaldehyde
    Plasticising Agent
    (Neosyn)
    Styrene Acrylic Latex 5 2000
    Emulsion (56% solids)
  • Example 4 Flexible & Sandable Dewatered Slurry Composition (Low Cement)
  • Function: [0072]
  • Flexible & sandable finishing layer on thin fibre cement reinforced cement-based lining. [0073]
  • The low viscosity slurry (drainage time in 50 ml volume funnel=4.5 seconds) was applied on the base layer (Hardiflex™ 4.5 mm thick cellulose fibre reinforced cement-based green sheet manufactured by James Hardie Industries). The slurry dewatered in 90 seconds (un-aided by vacuum) forming a 1.25 mm thick coating. The coated sheet was autoclave-cured for 8 hrs at 180° C. temperature and 0.80 MPa pressure. It was then sanded flat to 0.60 mm thick using industrial sanders equipped with 100 grit sand paper belts. [0074]
    % by total
    Slurry weight of
    Composition solids (S) Weight in gm
    Dewatered Cementitious Composition
    Portland Cement 10 4000
    Calcium Carbonate 20 8000
    Grade 10 (40 um avg.
    size)
    Alumina Tri-hydrate 5 2000
    (80 um avg. size)
    Fly ash (larger size 40 18000
    fraction)
    Fly ash (smaller size 25 10000
    fraction)
    Total 100 40000
    Water 16000
    Water/Solids (W/S 0.40
    ratio)
    Solids Content 0.715
    (W/W + S)
    Organic Additives
    Welan Gum (Kelcocrete) 0.0075 3.0
    naphthalene 0.25 100.0
    formaldehyde
    Plasticising Agent
    (Neosyn)
    Vinyl acetate-ethylene 1.625 650
    powdered copolymer
    (Vinnapas LL5004)
  • The aforementioned examples provide a coated product comparable in workability to monolithic or single layer composites. They can be flexed, cut, drilled or fixed by nails or the like to a frame without surface cracking or chipping. [0075]
  • The surface is ‘finish-ready’ and remains smooth, flat, crack-free and with low permeability even when used in a curved configuration. [0076]
  • Each examples provided excellent interlaminer bond between the base sheet and coating exhibiting good composite action, compatibility and resistance to delamination. [0077]
  • It can be seen that the present process provides a significant improvement not only in the attributes of the product but also in the ability to tailor the surface finish of a building product to match particular requirements. Examples of particular formulations to provide the desired finish characteristic include [0078]
  • a) Terrazzo (hardwearing decorative finish)—the finishing layer of the dewatered slurry can contain marble chips and pigmented cements and fillers. It may then be sanded and polished to form a hardwearing decorative finish. Such a coating on, for example, a fibre cement backing board, could be used as flooring tiles, decorative wall lining or external prefinished fibre cement cladding. [0079]
  • b) Stucco (orange peel) Finish—this may be achieved by manipulating speed and volume of the applied slurry to achieve a stucco look on the finishing layer. Once again, such a product may be used as an external pre-finished cement cladding. [0080]
  • c) Sandable finish—this is probably the simplest and most straightforward application of the coating technique to provide a coating layer which may be sanded and sealed, thereby providing a paint ready smooth, crack-free and low permeable surface. Such a product may be used for a variety of internal and external uses. [0081]
  • d) Flexible finish—the coating layer may include various fillers and other additives to improve its flexibility, eg ethylene vinyl acetate, styrene butadiene rubber, styrene acrylic. It is designed to be a sandable, workable ie by score and snap, nailable, crack-free, non-chipping, flexible and bendable, paint ready surface. Such a coating could normally be applied to reasonably thin building product to permit flexibility. It has a wide variety of uses but is particularly suitable as an internal lining in wet area applications or as an external cladding element, eg as a paint ready fibre cement siding. [0082]
  • e) Skim-coated finish—such a coating of the dewatered slurry may be applied to gypsum based building products thereby providing a smooth, flat, pre-skim coated and paint ready surface. [0083]
  • f) Rubberised finish—by the addition of rubber crumbs into the slurry formulation, a coating layer may be provided on say a fibre cement backing for use as a skid resistant flooring, hardwearing static dissipative flooring or acoustic insulating ceiling panels. [0084]
  • It will be understood by persons skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other forms without departing form the spirit or scope of the inventive idea as described herein. In particular, it will be appreciated that the formulations, coatings, additives, methods and composite products of the present invention are suitable or may be adapted for use in conjunction with the methods and apparatus as described in the various priority documents. [0085]

Claims (32)

What is claimed is:
1. A formulation for use in coating a building product comprising:
a hydraulic binder; and
a quantity of dewatering agent sufficient to permit dewatering of a slurry produced from said formulation through the building product.
2. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the dewatering agent is provided in a sufficient quantity to maintain porosity in the slurry and the product to be coated during dewatering.
3. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the dewatering agent is a particulate material.
4. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the dewatering agent is selected from fly ash, alumina trihydrate, silica flour, cenospheres or mixtures thereof.
5. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the coating includes fibres.
6. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic binder used in the coating is selected from the group consisting of white, grey or pigmented cements, hydraulic limes and mixtures thereof.
7. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic binder used in the coating is selected from the group consisting of Portland cement, blended cements, blast furnace slag, pozzalans, masonry cement, oil well cement, natural cement, alumina cement, expansive cements and mixtures thereof.
8. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the binder in the formulation is between about 10 and 50 wt % based on total dry ingredients.
9. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein fly ash is the dewatering agent.
10. A formulation according to claim 9, wherein the dewatering agent comprises:
i) about 10 to 60% of the formulation based on total dry ingredients of a first fly ash component having a particle diameter between about 1 and 100 microns; and
ii) about 5 to 30 wt % of the formulation based on total dry ingredients of a second fly ash component having a maximum particle size diameter of around 10 microns.
11. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the dewatering agent includes a coarse fraction fly ash having a particle size diameter greater than about 100 microns.
12. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the formulation includes additives to improve resultant properties of the coating.
13. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the formulation includes additives to improve workability and applicability of the slurry to the product to be coated.
14. A formulation according to claim 1, wherein the formulation includes additives to improve the properties of the building product to be coated such that upon dewatering of the coating through the product, the building product is thus treated with said additive.
15. A dewaterable slurry for coating a building product, said slurry comprising water, a hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent sufficient to permit dewatering of said slurry through said building product.
16. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the dewatering agent is provided in a sufficient quantity to maintain porosity in the slurry and the product to be coated during dewatering.
17. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the dewatering agent is a particulate material.
18. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the dewatering agent is selected from the group consisting of fly ash, alumina trihydrate, silica flour, cenospheres and mixtures thereof.
19. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the slurry has a water content of up to about 50%.
20. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the coating includes fibres.
21. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the hydraulic binder used in the coating is selected from the group consisting of white, grey or pigmented cements, hydraulic limes and mixtures thereof.
22. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the hydraulic binder used in the coating is selected from the group consisting of Portland cement, blended cements, blast furnace slag, pozzalans, masonry cement, oil well cement, natural cement, alumina cement, expansive cements and mixtures thereof.
23. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the binder in the formulation is between about 10 and 50 wt % based on total dry ingredients.
24. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein fly ash is the dewatering agent.
25. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 24, wherein the dewatering agent comprises:
i) about 10 to 60% of the formulation based on total dry ingredients of a first fly ash component having a particle diameter between about 1 and 100 microns; and
ii) about 5 to 30 wt % of the formulation based on total dry ingredients of a second fly ash component having a maximum particle size diameter of around 10 microns.
26. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the dewatering agent includes a coarse fraction fly ash having a particle size diameter greater than about 100 microns.
27. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the formulation includes additives to improve resultant properties of the coating.
28. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the formulation includes additives to improve workability and applicability of the slurry to the product to be coated.
29. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the formulation includes additives to improve the properties of the building product to be coated such that upon dewatering of the coating through the product, the building product is thus treated with said additive.
30. A detwaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the slurry is self levelling.
31. A dewaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the resultant dewatered slurry is curable by air curing, steam curing or hydrothermal curing in an autoclave.
32. A detwaterable slurry according to claim 15, wherein the slurry may be applied to the product to be coated by splattering.
US10/090,375 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coatings for building products and formulations for use with same Abandoned US20030000424A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPR3476A AUPR347601A0 (en) 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 Additive for dewaterable slurry
AUPR3477 2001-03-02
AUPR3474A AUPR347401A0 (en) 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 A composite product
AUPR3476 2001-03-02
AUPR3475 2001-03-02
AUPR3477A AUPR347701A0 (en) 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 A method and apparatus for forming a laminated sheet material by spattering
AUPR3478 2001-03-02
AUPR3474 2001-03-02
AUPR3475A AUPR347501A0 (en) 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 Spattering apparatus
AUPR3478A AUPR347801A0 (en) 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 Coatings for building products

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US20030000424A1 true US20030000424A1 (en) 2003-01-02

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US10/090,560 Abandoned US20020189499A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coating for building products and composite products incorporating same
US10/090,387 Expired - Lifetime US6749897B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coatings for building products and methods of using same
US10/090,362 Abandoned US20020170466A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Additive for dewaterable slurry and method of manufacturing and improving slurry containing same
US10/090,299 Expired - Lifetime US7396402B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coatings for building products and dewatering aid for use with same
US10/090,376 Expired - Fee Related US6692570B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Spattering apparatus
US10/090,561 Expired - Fee Related US7704316B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coatings for building products and methods of making same
US10/090,388 Expired - Fee Related US6824715B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Method and apparatus for forming a laminated sheet material by spattering
US10/090,375 Abandoned US20030000424A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coatings for building products and formulations for use with same
US10/090,385 Abandoned US20020179219A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Composite product and method of manufacture
US10/090,338 Abandoned US20020189500A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Additive for dewaterable slurry
US10/090,406 Expired - Lifetime US6893751B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Composite product
US11/128,778 Abandoned US20050208287A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2005-05-13 Composite product
US11/634,285 Abandoned US20070077436A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2006-12-04 Composite product
US12/691,505 Expired - Lifetime US8153245B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2010-01-21 Composite product

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US10/090,560 Abandoned US20020189499A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coating for building products and composite products incorporating same
US10/090,387 Expired - Lifetime US6749897B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coatings for building products and methods of using same
US10/090,362 Abandoned US20020170466A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Additive for dewaterable slurry and method of manufacturing and improving slurry containing same
US10/090,299 Expired - Lifetime US7396402B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coatings for building products and dewatering aid for use with same
US10/090,376 Expired - Fee Related US6692570B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Spattering apparatus
US10/090,561 Expired - Fee Related US7704316B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Coatings for building products and methods of making same
US10/090,388 Expired - Fee Related US6824715B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Method and apparatus for forming a laminated sheet material by spattering

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US10/090,338 Abandoned US20020189500A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Additive for dewaterable slurry
US10/090,406 Expired - Lifetime US6893751B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2002-03-04 Composite product
US11/128,778 Abandoned US20050208287A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2005-05-13 Composite product
US11/634,285 Abandoned US20070077436A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2006-12-04 Composite product
US12/691,505 Expired - Lifetime US8153245B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2010-01-21 Composite product

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