US20030175119A1 - Centrifugal pump - Google Patents
Centrifugal pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030175119A1 US20030175119A1 US10/385,918 US38591803A US2003175119A1 US 20030175119 A1 US20030175119 A1 US 20030175119A1 US 38591803 A US38591803 A US 38591803A US 2003175119 A1 US2003175119 A1 US 2003175119A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pump
- fluid
- vane
- centrifugal
- base part
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/24—Vanes
- F04D29/242—Geometry, shape
- F04D29/245—Geometry, shape for special effects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/104—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/20—Type thereof
- A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
- A61M60/226—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly radial components
- A61M60/232—Centrifugal pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
- A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/408—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable
- A61M60/411—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable generated by an electromotor
- A61M60/416—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable generated by an electromotor transmitted directly by the motor rotor drive shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/804—Impellers
- A61M60/806—Vanes or blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/2261—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures
- F04D29/2288—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures for comminuting, mixing or separating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
- A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
- A61M60/148—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
Abstract
A centrifugal pump prevents a fluid from stagnating and so stops decreases in pump efficiency. An open impeller-type centrifugal pump includes pump vanes 12 that are connected via a vane boss 10 to an end part of a rotational shaft 8, a casing 14 that is connected to an end part of the pump base part 6 and forms a fluid chamber R surrounding the pump vanes 12, and an intake 16 and an outtake 18 that are formed in the casing 14. The pump vanes 12 are composed of pump vanes 12 a to 12 c that are integrally formed with current plates 20 a to 20 c. The current plates 20 a to 20 c cause some of the fluid that enters via the intake 16 to flow downwards along the axial direction of the rotational shaft 8. The fluid that flows along the current plates causes a centrifugal flow from an inner periphery to an outer periphery in a gap between a pump base part and the lower surfaces of the pump vanes.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a centrifugal pump that suppresses the stagnation of fluid inside the fluid chamber.
- 2. Background Art
- The centrifugal pump disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 10-015056 (hereinafter referred to as “background art example 1”) and the centrifugal pump disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 09-206372 (hereinafter referred to as “background art example 2”) are two examples of conventional centrifugal pumps.
- In the centrifugal pump of background art example 1, a rotational shaft that extends from an end part of the driving unit is connected to a vane boss of the pump vanes. The end part of the driving unit is connected to the casing that covers the pump vanes so as to form a fluid chamber. An intake, which guides fluid into the fluid chamber, is provided on the casing facing the axial direction of the rotation shaft and an outtake, from which fluid that has been accelerated by the centrifugal force generated by the pump vanes is expelled, is provided on the side of the casing, making the background art example 1 an open impeller-type centrifugal pump. Rotation of the pump vanes generates a flow of fluid from the intake towards the outtake, so that fluid is pumped from the intake to the outtake at a predetermined flow rate.
- It should be noted that in this specification, the term “a pump vane” means “a pump impeller” or “a pump impeller blade” depending on the situation.
- The centrifugal pump of the background art example 2 is a closed impeller-type centrifugal pump including an impeller where a plurality of partition plates are disposed between a pair of disc-shaped magnetic members, a housing that forms a fluid chamber by surrounding the impeller and is internally equipped with a support part for supporting the impeller so that the impeller is rotatable, an intake that is provided at a predetermined position on the housing so as to face a passage provided at a rotational center position of the impeller, an outtake that is provided at a predetermined position on the housing so as to face the impeller at an outer part in a radial direction, and an impeller rotational torque generating unit composed of a rotor magnet in a lower part in the housing. When the impeller is rotated by the action of the impeller rotational torque generating unit, a centrifugal force is applied to the fluid that has been introduced into the impeller from the intake, so that fluid is pumped from the intake to the outtake at a predetermined flow rate.
- However, with the centrifugal pump of background art example 1, some of the high-pressure fluid that attempts to flow into the outtake flows back towards the low-pressure fluid in a gap between the end part of the driving unit and the lower surfaces of the pump vanes. In some cases, fluid stagnates in this gap, which can lower the pump's efficiency. When the centrifugal pump is used as a blood pump for pumping blood, the stagnant blood in the gap between an end part of the driving unit and the lower surfaces of the pump vanes coagulates, which can result in the formation of a thrombus.
- The centrifugal pump of background art example 2 is the same in that there are cases were some high-pressure fluid at the outtake flows back towards the low-pressure fluid in a gap between the housing and the lower surfaces of the pump vanes. This causes fluid to stagnate in this gap and can lower the pump's efficiency. When the centrifugal pump is used as a blood pump for pumping blood, the stagnant blood (or pooled blood) can coagulate, which may result in the formation of a thrombus.
- The present invention was conceived in view of the above situation and has an object of providing a centrifugal pump that prevents the stagnation of fluid and so prevents decreases in pump efficiency and additionally prevents the formation of a thrombus when used as a blood pump.
- According to a first aspect of the present invention, a centrifugal pump includes a rotational shaft that is disposed on a pump base part, at least one pump vane that is radially connected via a vane boss to an end part of the rotational shaft, a casing that is connected to the pump base part and forms a fluid chamber surrounding the at least one pump vane, a fluid intake (a fluid suction opening) that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing, and a fluid outtake (a fluid discharge opening) that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing, the centrifugal pump further including a stagnation preventing unit for generating, in a gap between the pump base part and lower surfaces of the at least one pump vane, a fluid flow in a centrifugal direction that is directed towards the fluid outtake.
- According to a second aspect of the present embodiment, in the centrifugal pump of the first aspect, the stagnation preventing unit may be at least one current plate that is provided on the vane boss, the at least one current plate causing some of a fluid that enters via the fluid intake to flow in an axial direction towards the pump base part, causing acceleration in the fluid flowing in the axial direction, and making the fluid flow towards the gap between the pump base part and the lower surfaces of the at least one pump vane.
- According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the centrifugal pump of the second aspect, each of the at least one current plate may be integrally formed with base parts of the at least one pump vane and may be connected to the vane boss.
- According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the centrifugal pump of the second aspect, each of the at least one current plate may be a wing-shaped member that is connected to the vane boss at a different position to base parts of the at least one pump vane.
- With the centrifugal pumps of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the stagnation preventing unit generates a fluid flow in the centrifugal direction towards the fluid outtake in a gap between the pump base part and the lower surfaces of the pump vanes, so that fluid does not stagnate in the gap and the pump efficiency can be raised.
- With the centrifugal pumps of the second to fourth aspects of the present invention, the at least one current plate that forms the stagnation preventing unit causes some of a fluid that enters via the fluid intake to flow in an axial direction towards the pump base part, causes acceleration in the fluid flowing in the axial direction, and makes the fluid flow towards the gap between the pump base part and the lower surfaces of the at least one pump vane, so that the stagnation of fluid can be reliably prevented.
- According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the centrifugal pump of any of the first to fourth aspects, a plurality of current channels (or groove), which extend radially from the rotational shaft and are bent on the radial direction, may be formed in at least one of a surface of the pump base part, the lower surfaces of the at least one pump vane, and lower surfaces of the at least one current plate.
- With the centrifugal pump of the fifth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of current channels, which extend radially from the rotational shaft and are bent on the radial direction, may be formed in a surface of the pump base part that faces the at least one pump vane. This increases the flow in the centrifugal direction in the gap and makes it possible to prevent the stagnation of fluid even more thoroughly.
- According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a centrifugal pump includes a pump vane in which a plurality of blades are disposed radially on a ring shaped first shroud, a casing that is connected to a pump base part and forms a fluid chamber surrounding the pump vane, a fluid intake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing, and a fluid outtake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing, the centrifugal pump further including a stagnation preventing unit for generating, in a gap between a lower surface of the pump vane and the pump base part, a flow in a centrifugal direction that is directed towards the fluid outtake.
- According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a centrifugal pump includes a pump vane where a plurality of blades are disposed radially on a ring-shaped first shroud and a disc-shaped second shroud with a central fluid passage hole is disposed on the blades, a casing that is connected to a pump base part and forms a fluid chamber surrounding the pump vane, a fluid intake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing, and a fluid outtake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing, the centrifugal pump further including a stagnation preventing unit for generating, in a gap between a lower surface of the pump vane and the pump base part, a flow in a centrifugal direction that is directed towards the fluid outtake.
- According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the centrifugal pump of any of the sixth and seventh aspects, the stagnation preventing unit may be at least one current plate that is disposed on the lower surface of the pump vane facing the pump base part, the at least one current plate agitating fluid that stagnates in the gap between the lower surfaces of the pump vane and the pump base part and generating the flow in the centrifugal direction towards the fluid outtake.
- According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the centrifugal pump of any of the seventh and eighth aspects, a plurality of current channels, which extend radially from a center of rotation of the pump vane and are bent on the radial direction, may be formed in at least one of a lower surface of the first shroud, a lower surface of the pump vane, and lower surfaces of the at least one current plate.
- With the centrifugal pump of the sixth to ninth aspects of the present invention, the stagnation preventing unit generates, in the gap between the pump base part and the lower surface of the pump vane, a centrifugal flow of fluid towards the fluid outtake, so that fluid does not stagnate in the gap and the pump efficiency can be raised.
- With the centrifugal pump of the eighth aspect of the present invention, the at least one current plate that composes the stagnation preventing unit agitates fluid that stagnates in the gap between the lower surfaces of the pump vane and the pump base part and so generates a flow in the centrifugal direction towards the fluid outtake. In this way, the stagnation of fluid can be reliably prevented.
- With the centrifugal pump of the ninth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of current channels, which extend radially from a center of rotation of the pump vane and are bent on the radial direction, are formed in at least one of the lower surface of the first shroud and the surface of the pump base part. This increases the flow in the centrifugal direction, which makes it possible to further prevent the stagnation of fluid.
- According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the centrifugal pump of any of the first to ninth aspects, the fluid may be blood.
- With the centrifugal pump of the tenth aspect of the present invention, the centrifugal pump can be used as a blood pump that reliably prevents the formation of a thrombus.
- FIG. 1 shows a centrifugal pump according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows pump vanes that compose the centrifugal pump according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 shows a surface of a pump base part that faces the pump vanes in the centrifugal pump according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of current plates that serve as a stagnation preventing means and are integrated with the pump vanes that compose the centrifugal pump of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 shows another modification of the current plates that serve as the stagnation preventing means and are integrated with the pump vanes that compose the centrifugal pump of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment directed to current plates that serve as the stagnation preventing means and have a separate construction to the pump vanes.
- FIG. 7 shows the centrifugal pump according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 shows the pump vanes that compose the centrifugal pump according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 9 shows the current plates that are integrated with the blades that compose the pump vane shown in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 shows another embodiment directed to the current plates that are integrated with the blades in the pump vane.
- FIG. 11 shows yet another embodiment directed to the current plates that are integrated with the blades in the pump vane.
- FIG. 12 shows yet another embodiment directed to the current plates that are integrated with the blades in the pump vane.
- FIG. 13 shows yet another embodiment directed to the current plates that are integrated with the blades in the pump vane.
- FIG. 14 shows yet another embodiment directed to the current plates that are integrated with the blades in the pump vane.
- FIG. 15 shows yet another embodiment directed to the current plates that are integrated with the blades in the pump vane.
- FIG. 16 shows a fifth embodiment that is directed to a pump vane of a different construction.
- FIG. 17 shows current plates with a different construction to the current plates of the pump vane shown in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 18 shows current plates with a different construction to the current plates of the pump vane shown in FIG. 17.
- FIG. 19 shows the pump vane according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention from the rear side.
- FIG. 20 shows a pump vane according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention from the rear side.
- FIG. 21 shows a pump vane according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- The following describes, with reference to the enclosed drawings, several embodiments of a centrifugal pump according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a centrifugal pump according to a first embodiment that is used as a blood pump. It should be noted that this first embodiment corresponds to claims 1 to 3 of the present invention.
- The
centrifugal pump 2 of the present embodiment is an open impeller-type centrifugal pump including arotational shaft 8 that passes through apump base part 6 and is connected to a rotor (not shown in the drawing) enclosed in adriving unit 4,pump vanes 12 that are connected, via avane boss 10, to an end part of therotational shaft 8 radially in directions that are perpendicular to therotational shaft 8, acasing 14 that is connected to an end part of thepump base part 6 and forms a fluid chamber R surrounding thepump vanes 12, anintake 16 that is provided in an upper part of thecasing 14 facing the end of thevane boss 12, and anouttake 18 that is provided in a side part of thecasing 14 facing thepump vanes 12 from outside thepump vanes 12 in the radial direction. - As shown in FIG. 2, the
pump vanes 12 are composed of threepump vanes 12 a to 12 c that are connected to the outer circumference of thevane boss 10 at intervals of 120° around the axis. Each of thesepump vanes 12 a to 12 c is integrally provided with acurrent plate 20 a to 20 c that corresponds to a stagnation preventing means of the present invention. In more detail, thecurrent plates 20 a to 20 c are formed between the base part of each of thepump vanes 12 a to 12 c and thevane boss 10, andform projecting parts 22 a to 22 c that extend downwards at an angle that is slightly skewed with respect to the axis of thevane boss 10. Thecurrent plates 20 a to 20 c are approximately trapezoidal in shape with the plate width h1 at the tip end of thevane boss 10 being larger than the plate width h2 of the projectingparts 22 a to 22 c (that is, h1>h2). - In the
centrifugal pump 2 of the above construction, when therotational shaft 8 rotates due to the operation of thedriving unit 4, thepump vanes 12 that rotate in a predetermined direction produce a fluid flow of blood, which has entered the fluid chamber R from theintake 16, towards theouttake 18, thereby pumping a predetermined amount of blood from theintake 16 to theouttake 18. - At this point, the
current plates 20 a to 20 c formed between thevane boss 10 and the base parts of thepump vanes 12 a to 12 c direct some of the blood that has entered via theintake 16 to generate a downward flow along the axial direction of therotational shaft 8. Thecurrent plates 20 a to 20 c are formed so that the width of the plates decreases gradually from the side on which the tip end of thevane boss 10 is located, so that the blood that flows along thecurrent plates 20 a to 20 c accelerates as it flows downwards. This accelerating blood flowing downwards becomes a centrifugal flow from an inner periphery towards an outer periphery in a gap S between thepump base part 6 and the lower surfaces of thepump vanes 12 a to 12 c. - Even if high-pressure fluid that attempts to flow into the
outtake 18 flows back towards the low-pressure blood in the gap S and blood attempts to stagnate in this gap S, the blood from theintake 16 that is directed by thecurrent plates 20 a to 20 c generates a centrifugal flow from the inner periphery towards the outer periphery in the gap S between thepump base part 6 and the lower surfaces of thepump vanes 12 a to 12 c, so that blood does not stagnate in the gap S. This reliably prevents a thrombus being formed. Since no blood stagnates, thecentrifugal pump 2 does not suffer from a decrease in pump efficiency and so has superior pump performance. - FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment directed to the
pump base part 6 described above. It should be noted that this embodiment corresponds to claims 5 and 9. - The
pump base part 6 of this second embodiment has a plurality ofcurrent channels 36, which extend radially from therotational shaft 8 and are bent on the radial direction, in asurface 6 a that faces the lower surfaces of the pump vanes 12. The depth of thesecurrent channels 36 is set at around 0.1 to 1 mm. - By providing the
current channels 36 of the above form in thesurface 6 a of thepump base part 6, a centrifugal flow from the inner periphery to the outer periphery is generated in the gap S between thepump base part 6 and the lower surfaces of the pump vanes 12. By additionally generating this kind of centrifugal flow, the flow in the centrifugal direction is increased, so that the stagnation of blood in the gap S can be avoided and the formation of a thrombus can be prevented even more reliably. - By forming the
current plates 20 a to 20 c so that they are shaped like wings in cross-section in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 4 and/or forming projectingparts 22 a to 22 c that extend on the radial direction at the bottom ends of thecurrent plates 20 a to 20 c as shown in FIG. 5, the speed of the flow of blood in the centrifugal direction in the gap S between thepump base part 6 and the lower surfaces of thepump vanes 12 is further increased, so that the blood that stagnates in the gap S can be efficiently pumped to theouttake 18. - FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment directed to the pump vanes that are used in an open-impeller-type centrifugal pump. It should be noted that this third embodiment corresponds to claim 4.
- The pump vanes30 of the present embodiment are composed of three
pump vanes 30 a to 30 c, which are connected to the outer circumference of thevane boss 10 at intervals of 120° around the axis of thevane boss 10, and threecurrent plates 32 a to 32 c, which are connected to the outer circumference of thevane boss 10 in the intervals between thesepump vanes 30 a to 30 c. Thecurrent plates 32 a to 32 c are formed with projecting parts 34 a to 34 c (projecting part 34 a is not shown in the drawing) that extend downwards at an angle that is slightly skewed with respect to the axis of thevane boss 10, with the width of thecurrent plates 32 a to 32 c at the tip end of thevane boss 10 being larger than the width on the same end as the projecting parts 34 a to 34 c. - In the
centrifugal pump 2 that includes thepump vanes 30 of the above construction, even if blood attempts to stagnate in the gap S between thepump base part 6 and the lower surfaces of thepump vanes 30 a to 30 c, some of the blood from theintake 16 is directed by thecurrent plates 32 a to 32 c and so creates a centrifugal flow from the inner periphery towards the outer periphery in the gap S between thepump base part 6 and the lower surfaces of thepump vanes 30 a to 30 c. This means that blood does not stagnate in the gap S, thereby reliably preventing a thrombus from being formed. In addition, the centrifugal pump does not suffer from a decrease in pump efficiency. - It should be noted that while the open-impeller-type
centrifugal pump 2 described above is composed of threepump vanes 12 a to 12 c (30 a to 30 c), the present invention does not place limitations on the number of pump vanes. - The following describes, with reference to FIGS.7 to 9, a centrifugal pump according to a fourth embodiment that is used as a blood pump. It should be noted that this fourth embodiment corresponds to claim 6. Components that are the same as in the construction shown in FIG. 1 have been given the same reference numerals and description of such has been omitted.
- A
centrifugal pump 40 of the present embodiment is a semi-open impeller-type centrifugal pump where apump vane 42 is connected to an end part of therotational shaft 8 that passes through thepump base part 6. Thecasing 14 that is connected to the end part of thepump base part 6 surrounds thepump vane 42 to form a fluid chamber R. Thecasing 14 is provided with theintake 16 that faces an upper part of a central position of thepump vane 42 and theouttake 18 that faces an outside in the radial direction of thepump vane 42. - As shown in FIG. 8, the
pump vane 42 is composed of afirst shroud 44 that is ring-shaped, a plurality ofblades 46 a to 46 d that are disposed radially and whose outer edges are fixed onto thefirst shroud 44, and arotation supporting member 47 that supports the inner edge parts of theblades 46 a to 46 d. - The plurality of
blades 46 a to 46 d are integrally formed withcurrent plates 48 a to 48 d that correspond to the stagnation preventing means of the present invention and point downwards towards thepump base part 6. - This is to say, as shown in FIG. 9, the
current plates 48 a to 48 d are rectangular parts of theblades 46 a to 46 d in regions that extend downwards across the surfaces of theblades 46 a to 46 d and are positioned below the dot-dot-dash line. Thesecurrent plates 48 a to 48 d project downwards beyond the lower surface of thefirst shroud 44. - In the
centrifugal pump 40 of the above construction, therotational shaft 8 is rotated by the drivingunit 4, with thepump vanes 42 simultaneously rotating in a predetermined direction. A fluid flow in the centrifugal direction is generated in the blood in thepump vanes 42 that has entered the fluid chamber R from theintake 16, so that blood is pumped from theintake 16 to theouttake 18. - The
current plates 48 a to 48 d, which are integrally formed with and rotate with theblades 46 a to 46 d, agitate the blood that stagnates in the gap S between thepump base part 6 and the lower surfaces of thepump vanes 42 so as to generate a centrifugal flow from the inner periphery to the outer periphery. - When some blood stagnates in the gap S, the
current plates 48 a to 48 d agitate the blood in the gap S to generate a centrifugal flow from the inner periphery to the outer periphery, thereby stopping the blood from stagnating in the gap S and preventing a thrombus from forming in the blood pump. Since no blood stagnates, thecentrifugal pump 40 does not suffer from a decrease in pump efficiency and so has superior pump performance. - The following describes, with reference to FIGS.10 to 15, alternative embodiments for the current plates that extend downwards along the surfaces of the
blades 46 a to 46 d. - The
current plate 50 integrally formed at the bottom of theblade 46 a (the other blades have the same construction) shown in FIG. 10 is formed so that the plate width is large on the inside (therotation supporting member 47 side) and gradually decreases towards the outside (thefirst shroud 44 side) so that the lower edge of theblade 46 a traces an arc. Thecurrent plate 52 that integrally formed at the bottom of theblade 46 a shown in FIG. 11 is formed so that the plate width is large on the inside (therotation supporting member 47 side) and gradually decreases towards the outside (thefirst shroud 44 side) so that the lower edge of theblade 46 a traces a straight line that rises diagonally. Thesecurrent plates outtake 18. - The
current plate 54 shown in FIG. 12 is shaped with an increased area close to thepump base part 6, and by agitating the blood that stagnates in the gap S more aggressively, the centrifugal force is generated efficiently. - The
current plate 56 shown in FIG. 13 has concave and convex parts that point towards thepump base part 6, while thecurrent plate 58 shown in FIG. 14 is shaped like a comb and thecurrent plate 60 shown in FIG. 15 has a plurality of through-holes. With the constructions shown in FIGS. 13 to 15, when thecurrent plates - FIG. 16 shows pump
vanes 42 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention that includes current plates that differ to the constructions shown in FIGS. 10 to 15. - The
current plates 62 a to 62 d of the present embodiment are rectangular in shape and are bent so as to extend downwards diagonally with respect to the surfaces of theblades 46 a to 46 d. The direction in which thecurrent plates 62 a to 62 d are bent is opposite to the direction in which thepump vanes 42 rotate. - The angle at which the
current plates 62 a to 62 d are bent is set so that the vector of the axial flow of the blood matches the combined vector for the centrifugal flow vectors, which makes it possible to smoothly pump the blood that stagnates in the gap S to theouttake 18. - FIGS. 17 and 18 show current plates of a different construction to the
current plates 62 a to 62 d that are shown in FIG. 16. The same effects as described above can be achieved withcurrent plates 64 shaped as parallelograms as shown in FIG. 17 and withcurrent plates 66 formed with parts that extend below thefirst shroud 44 as shown in FIG. 18. In particular, thecurrent plates 66 shown in FIG. 18 can increase the speed of the centrifugal flow of blood that stagnates in the gap S. - The following describes pump vanes according to sixth and seventh embodiments of the present invention, with reference to FIGS. 19 and 20.
- FIG. 19 that illustrates the sixth embodiment shows the
pump vane 42 from the rear side. The current plates are not integrally formed with the plurality ofblades 46 a to 46 d and instead acurrent plate 70 that is in the approximate shape of a cross is connected so as span the intervals between theblades 46 a to 46 d. In FIG. 20 that illustrates the seventh embodiment, acurrent plate 72 in the form of a spiral is connected so as to span the intervals between theblades 46 a to 46 d. - With the
pump vanes 42 of the sixth and seventh embodiments, thecurrent plate 70 with the approximate shape of a cross and the spiral-shapedcurrent plate 72 sufficiently agitate the blood in the gap S while generating a centrifugal flow from the inner periphery to the outer periphery. By doing so, as with the other embodiments, it is possible to provide a blood pump in which the stagnation of blood in the gap S is avoided and the formation of a thrombus is reliably prevented. - FIG. 21 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention that is directed to a pump vane that composes a closed impeller-type centrifugal pump. It should be noted that this eighth embodiment corresponds to claim 7. Also, components that are the same as in the construction of the
centrifugal pump 40 shown in FIG. 7 have been given the same reference numerals and description of such has been omitted. - The pump vanes80 of the present embodiment are constructed of the plurality of
blades 46 a to 46 d that are disposed radially and are sandwiched between and fixed to thefirst shroud 44 and a disc-shapedsecond shroud 45 that are provided above and below the plurality ofblades 46 a to 46 d. Afluid passage hole 45 a is formed in the center of thesecond shroud 45.Current plates 48 a to 48 d are integrally formed with theblades 46 a to 46 d. - With a closed impeller-type centrifugal pump with the
pump vanes 80 of the above construction, as with the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, thecurrent plates 48 a to 48 d agitate the blood that stagnates in the gap S between thepump base part 6 and the lower surfaces of thepump vanes 42 and so generate a flow in the centrifugal direction from the inner periphery to the outer periphery. This stops blood from stagnating in the gap S and reliably prevents a thrombus from forming. In this closed impeller-type centrifugal pump also, there is no stagnation of blood, so that the pump efficiency does not decrease and the pump has superior pump performance. - By using the current plates shown in any of FIGS.10 to 20, for example, in place of the
current plates 48 a to 48 d that extend downwards from the surfaces of theplates 46 a to 46 d, the effects of the various embodiments described above can be achieved. - It should be noted that while the current plates extend below the blades in the semi-open-impeller-type centrifugal pumps or closed-impeller-type centrifugal pumps of the fourth to eighth embodiments described above, this is not a limitation for the present invention. As examples, the current plates may extend above the blades, below the
first shroud 44, or above thesecond shroud 45. - It should be noted that while the effects of the above embodiments have been described for the case of a blood pump that is used as an artificial heart or the like, the present invention is not limited to such use. As one example, in the field of construction, by using the present invention in a conveyor pump for concrete where the hardening of the fluid causes quality problems, the stagnation of concrete inside the pump can be prevented, which stops the concrete hardening and improves the efficiency of the transportation of the concrete.
Claims (10)
1. A centrifugal pump including a rotational shaft that is disposed on a pump base part, at least one pump vane that is radially connected via a vane boss to an end part of the rotational shaft, a casing that is connected to the pump base part and forms a fluid chamber surrounding the at least one pump vane, a fluid intake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing, and a fluid outtake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing,
the centrifugal pump further comprising stagnation preventing means for generating, in a gap between the pump base part and lower surfaces of the at least one pump vane, a fluid flow in a centrifugal direction that is directed towards the fluid outtake.
2. A centrifugal pump according to claim 1 ,
wherein the stagnation preventing means is at least one current plate that is provided on the vane boss, the at least one current plate causing some of a fluid that enters via the fluid intake to flow in an axial direction towards the pump base part, causing acceleration in the fluid flowing in the axial direction, and making the fluid flow towards the gap between the pump base part and the lower surfaces of the at least one pump vane.
3. A centrifugal pump according to claim 2 ,
wherein each of the at least one current plate is integrally formed with base parts of the at least one pump vane and is connected to the vane boss.
4. A centrifugal pump according to claim 2 ,
wherein each of the at least one current plate is a wing-shaped member that is connected to the vane boss at a different position to base parts of the at least one pump vane.
5. A centrifugal pump according to any of claims 1 to 4 ,
wherein a plurality of current channels, which extend radially from the rotational shaft and are bent on the radial direction, are formed in at least one of a surface of the pump base part, the lower surfaces of the at least one pump vane, and lower surfaces of the at least one current plate.
6. A centrifugal pump including a pump vane in which a plurality of blades are disposed radially on a ring shaped first shroud, a casing that is connected to a pump base part and forms a fluid chamber surrounding the pump vane, a fluid intake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing, and a fluid outtake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing,
the centrifugal pump further comprising stagnation preventing means for generating, in a gap between a lower surface of the pump vane and the pump base part, a flow in a centrifugal direction that is directed towards the fluid outtake.
7. A centrifugal pump including a pump vane where a plurality of blades are disposed radially on a ring-shaped first shroud and a disc-shaped second shroud with a central fluid passage hole is disposed on the blades, a casing that is connected to a pump base part and forms a fluid chamber surrounding the pump vane, a fluid intake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing, and a fluid outtake that is provided at a predetermined position on the casing,
the centrifugal pump further comprising stagnation preventing means for generating, in a gap between a lower surface of the pump vane and the pump base part, a flow in a centrifugal direction that is directed towards the fluid outtake.
8. A centrifugal pump according to any of claims 6 and 7,
wherein the stagnation preventing means is at least one current plate that is disposed on the lower surface of the pump vane facing the pump base part, agitates fluid that stagnates in the gap between the lower surfaces of the pump vane and the pump base part, and generates the flow in the centrifugal direction towards the fluid outtake.
9. A centrifugal pump according to any of claims 6 and 7,
wherein a plurality of current channels, which extend radially from a center of rotation of the pump vane and are bent on the radial direction, are formed in at least one of a lower surface of the first shroud, a lower surface of the pump vane, and lower surfaces of the at least one current plate.
10. A centrifugal pump according to any of claims 1, 6 or 7,
wherein the fluid is blood.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JPJP2002-070853 | 2002-03-14 | ||
JP2002070853A JP2003269378A (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2002-03-14 | Centrifugal pump |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20030175119A1 true US20030175119A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 |
Family
ID=27764539
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/385,918 Abandoned US20030175119A1 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2003-03-11 | Centrifugal pump |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030175119A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1344541A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003269378A (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070196211A1 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2007-08-23 | Askoll Holding S.R.L. | Pump with impeller, particularly for washing machines and similar household appliances |
US20120089225A1 (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-04-12 | EverHeart Systems LLC | High efficiency blood pump |
US20120258019A1 (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2012-10-11 | Basf Se | Apparatus for a process for redissociating michael adducts which are present in a liquid f and have been formed in the preparation of acrylic acid or esters thereof |
WO2015195233A1 (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-23 | Ch Biomedical (Usa), Inc. | Centrifugal blood pump impeller and flow path |
US20160290364A1 (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2016-10-06 | Hyundai Motor Company | Electric water pump |
US20160309620A1 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-10-20 | Fujitsu Limited | Pump, cooling apparatus and electronic device |
CN107693869A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-16 | 北京安生生物技术有限责任公司 | A kind of suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic receded disk impeller that can reduce haemolysis and thrombus |
US10294944B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2019-05-21 | Everheart Systems Inc. | Flow thru mechanical blood pump bearings |
WO2020017787A1 (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | 서강대학교산학협력단 | Centrifugal blood pump |
Families Citing this family (6)
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JP4682212B2 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2011-05-11 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | Washing machine pump |
KR100954345B1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-04-21 | (주)안국밸브 | Centrifugal pump having an improved impeller |
EP3011186B1 (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2020-12-30 | Flow Control LLC. | Debris removing impeller backvane |
EP3869043A1 (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2021-08-25 | SZ DJI Technology Co., Ltd. | System, kit, and method for dissipating heat generated by a motor assembly |
EP3146987A1 (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-29 | Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen | Impeller of a heart assisting rotary blood pump |
RU2626266C1 (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2017-07-25 | Акционерное общество "Новомет-Пермь" | Open stage impeller of electric-centrifugal pump |
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---|---|---|---|---|
US20070196211A1 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2007-08-23 | Askoll Holding S.R.L. | Pump with impeller, particularly for washing machines and similar household appliances |
US20120258019A1 (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2012-10-11 | Basf Se | Apparatus for a process for redissociating michael adducts which are present in a liquid f and have been formed in the preparation of acrylic acid or esters thereof |
US20120089225A1 (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-04-12 | EverHeart Systems LLC | High efficiency blood pump |
US11471662B2 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2022-10-18 | CORVION, Inc. | High efficiency blood pump |
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US9415147B2 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2016-08-16 | Everheart Systems Inc. | High efficiency blood pump |
US10568998B2 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2020-02-25 | Everheart Systems Inc. | High efficiency blood pump |
US10294944B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2019-05-21 | Everheart Systems Inc. | Flow thru mechanical blood pump bearings |
US10030664B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2018-07-24 | Ch Biomedical (Usa) Inc. | Centrifugal blood pump impeller and flow path |
US10473105B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2019-11-12 | Ch Biomedical (Usa) Inc. | Centrifugal blood pump impeller and flow path |
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US20160290364A1 (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2016-10-06 | Hyundai Motor Company | Electric water pump |
US20160309620A1 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-10-20 | Fujitsu Limited | Pump, cooling apparatus and electronic device |
CN107693869A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-16 | 北京安生生物技术有限责任公司 | A kind of suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic receded disk impeller that can reduce haemolysis and thrombus |
WO2020017787A1 (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | 서강대학교산학협력단 | Centrifugal blood pump |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1344541A3 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
EP1344541A2 (en) | 2003-09-17 |
JP2003269378A (en) | 2003-09-25 |
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