US20050001587A1 - Motor vehicle battery disconnect switch circuits - Google Patents
Motor vehicle battery disconnect switch circuits Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050001587A1 US20050001587A1 US10/611,005 US61100503A US2005001587A1 US 20050001587 A1 US20050001587 A1 US 20050001587A1 US 61100503 A US61100503 A US 61100503A US 2005001587 A1 US2005001587 A1 US 2005001587A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- battery bank
- switch
- cranking motor
- disconnect switch
- protection devices
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0862—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates generally to electrical systems of motor vehicles. More particularly, the invention relates to battery disconnect circuits for preventing battery drain when the engine does not run for extended periods of time.
- Certain motor vehicles, heavy trucks that are powered by diesel engines for example, may be parked for extended periods of time. If its engine is allowed to keep running after a vehicle has been parked, the alternator should be effective to keep the battery bank charged. If the engine is shut down, either intentionally by the driver, or automatically by a device such as an idle shutdown timer, while the circuits for electric devices remain on, the battery bank will begin to drain. For example, an ignition switch will typically remain on after an idle shutdown timer has timed out, and certain circuits that are left on may continue to draw current.
- Because the battery bank must be able to provide sufficient current for cranking the engine at starting, a diesel-powered heavy truck typically has a battery bank comprising multiple storage batteries ganged together in parallel. If the battery bank is allowed to drain to the point where it cannot deliver the large cranking current necessary for starting the engine, the vehicle cannot be operated. Because a heavy truck may be parked for an extended period of time, it is therefore appropriate to guard against the possibility that its battery bank will be drained due to failure to turn off all its electric circuits.
- Consequently, it is known to place a disconnect switch in circuit between the battery bank and the rest of the vehicle electrical system. All that need be done to avoid inadvertent draining of the battery bank while a heavy truck is parked is to turn the disconnect switch off, an act that would typically be performed by the driver upon turning the engine off and departing the vehicle. Because of the particular placement of the disconnect switch in circuit, the disconnect switch is physically mounted at the battery box outside the truck cab. The driver can therefore turn the switch off and on only when he is outside the cab.
- A typical installation for a disconnect switch involves the use of two heavy conductors, one to connect the battery terminal of the disconnect switch to a terminal of the battery bank, such as the positive terminal in a negative ground electrical system, and another to connect the load terminal of the disconnect switch to a distribution point for the entire electrical system load, including a cranking motor solenoid through which cranking current is delivered to the cranking motor. Such a distribution point may be a terminal on the cranking motor solenoid.
- The present invention relates to disconnect switch circuits that are believed to offer better solutions for avoiding inadvertent battery draining when a vehicle is parked for an extended period of time. Rather than placing a disconnect switch in circuit between a battery bank and a distribution point for the entire electrical system load, the invention places the disconnect switch between the battery bank and a distribution point for the entire system load except the engine cranking motor. This allows the circuit between the battery bank and the contacts of a cranking motor solenoid that is energized to run the cranking motor to be switch-free. The cranking motor solenoid is often integrated with the cranking motor itself, rather than being a discrete component that is separate from the cranking motor so as to have a battery terminal connected by a heavy conductor to the ungrounded battery bank terminal and a load terminal connected by another heavy conductor to a terminal on the cranking motor. When the cranking motor solenoid is integrated with the cranking motor, the integrated assembly has a terminal connected to the ignition switch start contact, either directly or through a relay, and a terminal to which one termination of such a switch-free circuit is connected. Such a switch-free circuit, whether connected to a cranking motor solenoid that is separate from the cranking motor or one that is integrated with the cranking motor, provides important advantages.
- Rather than using one or more heavy conductors from the ungrounded battery bank terminal to the disconnect switch and one or more heavy conductors from the disconnect switch to the cranking motor solenoid for connecting the ungrounded terminal of the battery bank to the cranking motor when the disconnect switch is placed between the battery bank and the cranking motor, the present invention provides a continuous, switch-free conduction path from the ungrounded battery bank terminal to the contacts of the cranking motor solenoid. Although the length of such a continuous, switch-free conduction path may possibly be slightly greater than the combined lengths of the separate conductors it replaces, the number of terminals at the conductor ends are reduced from four to two, and the number of fasteners needed is cut in half. And although an installation that uses the invention may require an extra conductor and associated fasteners from the load distribution point to the battery terminal of the disconnect switch, that cable need not be as heavy as the one from the battery bank to the cranking motor because it does not have to be sized to also carry the amperage of the cranking motor current.
- Another advantage of removing the disconnect switch from the battery feed to the cranking motor solenoid is that the electrical resistance between the battery bank and the cranking motor solenoid is significantly reduced. A switch-free path eliminates the contact resistance that is inherently present in a switch. And although some might consider that resistance small, it is significant when the large amperage of the cranking current is considered. Large current flowing through even a small resistance creates a non-trivial voltage drop and attendant heating. Avoidance of such losses is believed especially significant and beneficial when one recognizes the difficult task of starting a diesel engine, which is most noticeable in sub- zero weather.
- Allowing the cranking motor to become a potential battery drain because of the placement of the disconnect switch in accordance with principles of the invention should have no serious adverse consequences because it is quite improbable the cranking motor solenoid circuit that energizes the cranking motor solenoid to operate the cranking motor will be inadvertently left on when the vehicle is parked and the engine turned off. First, operation of the cranking motor is quite likely to be noticed unless a person is totally deaf. Second, ignition switches that are presently in widespread use require maintained contact by the driver against a return spring force when placed in START position for cranking the engine. The return spring force will return the switch to IGNITION position, breaking the START feed, when the driver ceases the maintained contact.
- The invention is therefore believed to provide a cost-effective improvement for avoiding unintended battery draining in a motor vehicle when parked for an extended period of time, and the possible inconvenience of having to jump-start the engine, to replace one or more batteries, or perhaps even to tow the vehicle.
- One general aspect of the invention relates to an engine-powered land vehicle comprising a chassis containing an engine and a drivetrain through which the engine propels the vehicle on land. A body that provides a compartment for a driver of the vehicle is disposed on the chassis. The electrical system comprises a battery bank having one or more D.C. storage batteries, an electric cranking motor that draws current from the battery bank to crank the engine at starting when a cranking motor solenoid is energized, and a main control switch (commonly known as a ignition switch) that can be placed selectively in any one of multiple positions by the driver to selectively control the delivery of current from the battery bank to multiple circuit protection devices (typically fuses and circuit breakers) for distributing current to individual circuits in the vehicle, including a cranking motor solenoid circuit through which the cranking motor solenoid is energized. A disconnect switch is in circuit between the battery bank and the multiple circuit protection devices for selectively connecting and disconnecting the multiple circuit protection devices to and from the battery bank. A switch-free connection provides continuity between the battery bank and the cranking motor solenoid, both when the disconnect switch is connecting the multiple circuit protection devices to the battery bank and when the disconnect switch is disconnecting the multiple circuit protection devices from the battery bank. The switch-free connection carries current from the battery bank to a terminal of the cranking motor solenoid that is connected through a closed contact in the solenoid to the cranking motor when the cranking motor solenoid circuit is energizing a coil in the cranking motor solenoid that is forcing the contact in the solenoid closed.
- The disconnect switch may assume any of several different embodiments according to further principles of the invention.
- Another general aspect of the invention relates to an electrical system in an engine-powered land vehicle. A battery bank comprises one or more D.C. storage batteries. An electric cranking motor draws current from the battery bank to crank the engine at starting when a cranking motor solenoid is energized. A disconnect switch is in circuit between the battery bank and a distribution point for the entire electrical system load except the engine cranking motor. The disconnect switch selectively connects and disconnects the entire electrical system load except the engine cranking motor to and from the battery bank. A switch-free electric circuit provides continuity between the battery bank and the cranking motor solenoid independent of the disconnect switch and carries current for operating the cranking motor. Here too, the disconnect switch may assume any of several different embodiments.
- Still another aspect of the invention relates to an electrical system in an engine-powered land vehicle comprising a battery bank comprising one or more D.C. storage batteries and an electric cranking motor that draws current from the battery bank to crank the engine at starting when a cranking motor solenoid is energized. A disconnect switch is in circuit between the battery bank and a main distribution point through which current is delivered from the battery bank to all electrical devices in the electrical system except the cranking motor and a normally open switch that, when operated closed, energizes a solenoid coil that operates the disconnect switch from an OFF position disconnecting all the devices except the cranking motor and the normally open switch from the battery bank to an ON position connecting all the devices except the cranking motor and the normally open switch to the battery bank. A switch-free electric circuit provides continuity between the battery bank and the cranking motor solenoid and carries current for operating the cranking motor and current for energizing the solenoid coil that operates the disconnect switch from OFF position to ON position when the normally open switch is operated closed.
- One more aspect of the invention relates to a method for avoiding draining a battery bank of one or more storage batteries in an engine-powered land vehicle to a point where the battery bank is incapable of operating an electric cranking motor to crank the engine at starting while providing a switch-free path for current flow from the battery bank to the cranking motor solenoid during engine cranking. The method comprises placing a disconnect switch that can be operated to respective ON and OFF positions in circuit between the battery bank and multiple circuit protection devices that distribute current to individual circuits in the vehicle, including a cranking motor solenoid circuit through which the cranking motor solenoid is energized to connect the cranking motor solenoid to the battery bank for operating the cranking motor to crank the engine at starting, so that the circuit protection devices are connected to the battery bank when the disconnect switch is in ON position and disconnected from the battery bank when the disconnect switch is in OFF position. The cranking motor solenoid is connected to the battery bank through a switch-free current path for carrying cranking current from the battery bank to the cranking motor via the cranking motor solenoid when the disconnect switch is in ON position and the cranking motor solenoid is being energized by the cranking motor solenoid circuit.
- The foregoing, along with further aspects, features, and advantages of the invention, will be seen in the following disclosure of a presently preferred embodiment of the invention depicting the best mode contemplated at this time for carrying out the invention. The disclosure includes drawings, briefly described as follows.
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FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of one portion of a motor vehicle electrical system in accordance with principles of the present invention. -
FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of another portion of the motor vehicle electrical system in accordance with principles of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a side elevation view a first embodiment of disconnect switch inFIG. 1A . -
FIG. 3 is a side elevation view a second embodiment of disconnect switch. -
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram corresponding toFIG. 1A , but showing a third embodiment of disconnect switch in accordance with principles of the present invention. -
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram similar toFIG. 4 , but showing a fourth embodiment in accordance with principles of the present invention. -
FIGS. 1A and 1B collectively show a portion of a motor vehicleelectrical system 10 that incorporates a battery disconnect switch circuit according to principles of the present invention. In this example, the vehicle is a truck that has a chassis and is powered by a diesel engine. The truck may be a tractor that has a fifth wheel for haul a trailer. The truck cab, or body, is mounted on the chassis rearward of an engine compartment that houses the engine and a battery bank. The engine has an electric cranking motor and an associated cranking motor solenoid that is energized to operate the cranking motor at engine starting. -
Electrical system 10 comprises abattery bank 12 containing one or more individualD.C. storage batteries 16. In a heavy truck powered by a diesel engine, such asengine 14,battery bank 12 containsmultiple batteries 16 ganged together. Whenengine 14 is running,batteries 16 are kept charged by an engine-drivenalternator 18 having positive andnegative terminals - Running of the engine is under the control of a
main switch 20 that is typically key-operated and commonly referred to as an ignition switch, even in a vehicle whose engine relies on compression of fuel in the engine cylinders for ignition rather than on spark ignition.FIGS. 1A and 1B show a positive voltage electrical system where the negative battery terminals are grounded and the positive battery terminals are connected to one terminal 22A of a crankingmotor solenoid 22 for operating anelectric cranking motor 24 for crankingengine 14 at starting. -
Solenoid 22 is typically integrated with crankingmotor 24 so other than terminal 22A, the only external terminals of the combined devices to which conductors attach are acommon ground terminal 24G and a terminal 22B for energizingsolenoid 22.Solenoid 22 comprises a coil 22C connected between terminal 22B andground terminal 24G and an armature that is operated by coil 22C and that carries acontact 22D. When coil 22C is not energized, as shown inFIG. 1A ,contact 22D does not bridge terminal 22A to aninternal terminal 22E that is connected internally of the combined devices to a terminal 24A ofmotor 24. When coil 22C is energized, contact 22D bridges terminal 22A to terminal 22E thereby connecting the positive battery bank terminal tomotor terminal 24A. Cranking current now flows to operatemotor 24, thereby crankingengine 14. -
Switch 20 can be placed in any of multiple positions, four in this instance: ACCESSORY, OFF, IGNITION, and START.FIG. 1B showsswitch 20 in OFF position. Placement ofswitch 20 in START position causes coil 22C to be energized via a cranking motor solenoid circuit that will be explained later. - To continue with description of
FIG. 1A , afusible link 26 forms a portion of the circuit betweenalternator terminal 18A andsolenoid terminal 22A. Anotherfusible link 28 is in a circuit branch from terminal 22A to abattery terminal 30A of adisconnect switch 30 which also comprises aload terminal 30B. The latter connects through amegafuse 32 to abus 34 of afuse block 36.FIG. 1A showsdisconnect switch 30 in its OFF position not bridgingterminals bridges terminals - The truck may have one or more fuse blocks mounted at any suitable location or locations on either the interior or the exterior of the truck cab. A fuse block contains multiple circuit protection devices, such as fuses or circuit breakers, for distributing current to individual circuits in the vehicle. Hence,
FIG. 1A shows a number offuses bus 34, each serving to protect a respective circuit. When disconnect switch 30 is on, positive battery voltage is applied tobus 34, Hence, all the circuits protected byfuses - One of those battery-fed
circuits 38B is a crankingmotor solenoid circuit 40 for energizing crankingmotor solenoid 22. Fromfuse 38B,circuit 40 leads to a terminal 42A of arelay 42 that comprises a normallyopen contact 42C betweenterminal 42A and another terminal 42B.Relay 42 further comprises acoil 42D betweenterminals Terminal 42F is connected to a terminal 20S ofswitch 20, and terminal 42E to ground through a normally closedthermal protection switch 24S inmotor 24. - When disconnect switch 30 is in ON position and
coil 42D is energized,contact 42C operates to connect terminal 42A to aterminal 42G that is in turn connected to terminal 22B, thereby energizing coil 22C ofsolenoid 22. Withsolenoid 22 now energized,contact 22D completes a circuit to runmotor 24 and hence crankengine 14.Motor 24 is allowed to run as long as it does not overheat. If overheating occurs, switch 24S opens to interrupt the coil-energizing current throughrelay coil 42D, andopen contact 42C to thereby open the circuit to coil 22C. If motor were not provided with thermal protection, terminal 42E would connect directly to ground. - A portion of
fuse block 36 is repeated inFigure 1B to showfuse 38E feeding a terminal 20B ofswitch 20.Switch 20 further comprises anaccessory terminal 20A and an ignition terminal 20I. When in OFF position, switch 20 does not feed battery voltage to any ofterminals terminals 20A, 20I. When turned beyond IGNITION position to START position against the force of a return spring,switch 20 maintains the battery feed to terminal 20I while also feeding terminal 20S. Upon release from START position, the spring returns switch 20 to IGNITION position. - In addition to the group of circuits that are battery-fed, a second group of circuits are accessory-fed, and a third group are ignition-fed. In general, battery-fed circuits are those that are appropriate for operation when
switch 20 is in OFF position. Examples are Ignition Switch, Clock, Cigar Lighter, and Power Outlets. Accessory-fed circuits are those for operating various accessory-type devices whose operation, while not essential for engine starting and running, is appropriate when the engine is not running, but nonetheless require use of a key to operateswitch 20 from OFF position. Examples are Radios, and Sleeper Accessories. Any load that the accessory circuits may be imposing on the batteries is removed when the engine is being started because the feed to terminal 20A is broken whenswitch 20 is placed in START position. Ignition-fed circuits are those for operating various devices whose operation is called for when the engine is running or being started. The nature ofswitch 20 allows accessory-fed circuits to also operate whenengine 14 is running. Examples of ignition-fed circuits are Heater—AC Control, Driver Display, and Engine. - While it would be possible to feed accessory-fed circuits directly from
switch 20, load considerations render the use of one or more accessory relays a desirable, and typically preferred, alternative. The same is true in the case of ignition-fed circuits.FIG. 1B shows anaccessory relay 46 and afurther fuse block 48 comprising abus 49 servingcircuit protection devices -
Relay 46 comprises a normallyopen contact 46C betweenterminals coil 46D betweenterminals Terminal 46E is connected to terminal 20A ofswitch 20, and terminal 46F to ground. Likebus 34, terminal 46A is connected to positive battery voltage while terminal 46B is connected tobus 49. - When
switch 20 is in ACCESSORY and IGNITION positions,coil 46D is energized, causingcontact 46C to complete a circuit from terminal 46A to terminal 46B and thereby feed battery voltage tobus 49, and hence to the accessory-fed circuits. -
FIG. 1B further shows an ignition relay 54 and afurther bus 55 infuse block 48 servingcircuit protection devices - Relay 54 comprises a normally
open contact 54C betweenterminals coil 54D betweenterminals Terminal 54E is connected toterminal 201 ofswitch 20, and terminal 54F to ground. Liketerminal 46A, terminal 54A is connected to positive battery voltage.Terminal 54B is connected tobus 55. - When
switch 20 is in START and IGNITION positions,coil 54D is energized, causingcontact 54C to complete a circuit from terminal 54A to terminal 54B and thereby feed battery voltage tobus 55, and hence to the ignition-fed circuits. - A
diode assembly 52 is connected in circuit as shown to prevent a back-feed from terminal 20A that otherwise would energizecoil 54D whenswitch 20 is in ACCESSORY position. - Rather than placing
disconnect switch 30 in circuit betweenbattery bank 12 and terminal 22A, the invention placesdisconnect switch 30 betweenbattery bank 12 and a distribution point for the entire system load except the engine cranking motor.Terminal 30B could be considered that distribution point. - Such placement of
disconnect switch 30 allows the circuit betweenbattery bank 12 and crankingmotor terminal 22A to be switch-free, providing important advantages, discussed earlier. Only a continuousheavy conductor 57 with suitable terminals at opposite ends is needed for an electrical system whose maximum current load can be handled by a single conductor of suitable current rating. Some electrical systems that have a higher current rating may use more than one continuous conductor. In an electrical system where the ground path from the cranking motor ground is not assured by attaching the cranking motor to the engine, one or more cables may be used to provide some or all of the ground path. -
FIG. 2 shows adisconnect switch 30 mounted on aninstrument panel 58 in the truck cab.Switch 30 comprises abody portion 60 disposed for the most part behind the panel. A threaded neck protrudes through a hole in the panel.Fasteners 61 threaded onto the neck are tightened against opposite faces ofpanel 58 to secure the switch mounting. An actuator portion of the switch comprises alever 62 disposed frontally of the panel where it is available for manual operation by the driver.Lever 62 turns a shaft about anaxis 64 to respective positions for operatingswitch 30 to open and closed positions. -
FIG. 3 shows anotherdisconnect switch 30 also mounted oninstrument panel 58 in a similar manner. This switch differs from the one inFIG. 2 in that itsactuator 66 comprises a key-operated lock that can be placed in a locking condition when the switch is in its OFF position to prevent the shaft from turning aboutaxis 64 and thereby prevent disconnect switch operation to ON position. The switch can be operated to its ON position by inserting the shaft of a key 68 into the lock and then turning the key. -
FIG. 4 illustrates a circuit like that ofFIG. 1A but with a solenoid-actuated disconnect switch 30SA in circuit between the battery bank and a main distribution point.Terminal 30B can continue to be considered the main distribution point through which current is delivered from the battery bank to all electrical devices in the electrical system except crankingmotor 24 and a normallyopen switch 70 that is associated with disconnect switch 30SA. - Switch 30SA comprises a solenoid coil 30SC connected between a terminal 72 and a terminal 74, the latter being grounded. An armature that is operated by coil 30SC carries a
contact 76. When coil 30SC is not energized, as shown inFIG. 4 , contact 76 does not bridge terminal 30A to terminal 30B. That is the OFF position. When coil 30SC is energized, contact 76 bridges terminal 30A toterminal 30B thereby placing the disconnect switch in ON position. -
Switch 70 comprises a momentary-contact, spring-return switch that is biased open by areturn spring 78. When anactuator 80 is pushed in far enough against the spring force, acontact 82 completes a circuit betweenterminals -
Terminal 84 is connected to terminal 30A, and terminal 86, toterminal 72. Afirst sealing circuit 88 comprising adiode 89 is connected betweenbus 49 andterminal 72. Asecond sealing circuit 90 comprising adiode 92 is connected betweenbus 55 andterminal 72. - The circuit operates in the following way. The driver turns
switch 20 to either the IGNITION or the ACCESSORY position and forces switch 70 closed by pushingactuator 80. Those two actions collectively serve to complete a circuit throughswitch 70 from terminal 30A to terminal 72 that energizes coil 30SC and consequently closes disconnect switch 30SA to connectbus 34 tobattery bank 12. Becauseswitch 20 is in either the IGNITION or the ACCESSORY position, busses 49 and 55 are also energized so that regardless of which way the driver turns switch 20 from its OFF position, there will be a feed through one of the twodiodes actuator 80. - If
switch 20 has been placed in IGNITION position, busses 34, 55 will remain energized whenswitch 20 is placed in START position so that coil 30SC will continue to be sealed asmotor 22cranks engine 14. Whenswitch 20 is placed in OFF position, the sealing feeds are removed, and so disconnect switch 30SA will open. -
FIG. 5 illustrates a circuit like that ofFIG. 4 but with an additional circuit for sealing coil 30SC energized.Sealing circuits further sealing circuit 94 that includes anelectric system controller 96 and acontrol switch 98.System controller 96 is energized oncecontact 76bridges terminals coil 30 SC by closure ofswitch 70. The energization ofsystem controller 96 causes voltage to appear at anoutput 99, and withcontrol switch 98 closed, that voltage delivers current throughswitch 98 to sealcoil 30 SC energized. - With
switch 98 remaining closed, operation ofswitch 20 to its OFF position will not open disconnect switch 30SA. Switch 30SA will open however ifswitch 98 is open whenswitch 20 is operated to its OFF position, thereby breaking the seal to coil 30SC. On the other hand, disconnect switch 30SA will remain closed ifswitch 98 is in closed condition whenswitch 20 is operated to its OFF position. As long asswitch 98 remains closed and switch 20 remains OFF,disconnect switch 30 SA will continue to be closed until such time as battery bank voltage drops below some predetermined value that separates a range of higher voltages from a lower range, at which time disconnect switch 30SA opens. That occurs becausesystem controller 96 possesses a battery-monitoring capability that will remove voltage fromoutput 99 should battery voltage fall into the lower range, chosen with the view toward enabling the engine to still be cranked even after some limited battery bank drainage. - The invention is believed to provide a useful and cost-beneficial improvement for avoiding unintended battery draining in a motor vehicle when parked for an extended period of time and in doing eliminating sources of resistance in the circuit to the cranking motor. It can also avoid the potentially undesirable application of low voltages to the electrical system if the battery bank were to drain.
- While a presently preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it should be appreciated that principles of the invention are applicable to all embodiments that fall within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (31)
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US10/611,005 US6836094B1 (en) | 2003-07-01 | 2003-07-01 | Motor vehicle battery disconnect switch circuits |
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US10/611,005 US6836094B1 (en) | 2003-07-01 | 2003-07-01 | Motor vehicle battery disconnect switch circuits |
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US20050001587A1 true US20050001587A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
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US8258651B2 (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2012-09-04 | International Truck Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Methods and circuits for controlling a battery disconnect switch |
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US9156356B2 (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2015-10-13 | GTR Development LLC | Intelligent battery disconnect |
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US20110012423A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-01-20 | International Truck Intellectual Property Company,Llc | Motor vehicle having plural battery banks |
US9085622B2 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2015-07-21 | Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Antigen binding proteins |
EP3277529B1 (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2023-10-04 | Tiger Tool International, Incorporated | Systems and methods for disconnecting a dc load from a dc power source |
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