US20050077297A1 - Container with easily removable membrane lid - Google Patents
Container with easily removable membrane lid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050077297A1 US20050077297A1 US10/682,183 US68218303A US2005077297A1 US 20050077297 A1 US20050077297 A1 US 20050077297A1 US 68218303 A US68218303 A US 68218303A US 2005077297 A1 US2005077297 A1 US 2005077297A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- flange
- seal
- container
- width
- lid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000134 Metallised film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003145 methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940117841 methacrylic acid copolymer Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010101 extrusion blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
- B65D77/10—Container closures formed after filling
- B65D77/20—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers
- B65D77/2024—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers the cover being welded or adhered to the container
- B65D77/2028—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab
- B65D77/2032—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container
Definitions
- This invention relates to a container having a container opening initially closed by a membrane lid sealed to a flange that encircles the opening.
- a flange formed integrally with the container sidewall surrounds the opening of the container.
- the flange which can be either a radially inwardly projecting or a radially outwardly projecting flange, provides a surface onto which a flexible membrane closure or lid is attached for initially sealing the container after it is filled with the contents. The consumer peels off the membrane lid to gain access to the contents.
- the container can be equipped with an additional overcap for reclosing the container after its initial opening.
- the membrane lid is sealed to the container flange using suitable sealant disposed on the lid and on the flange.
- suitable sealant disposed on the lid and on the flange.
- the lower surface of the lid can have a layer or coating of sealant
- the upper surface of the flange can have a coating of sealant
- the flange itself can be formed of a material that acts as a sealant.
- the sealants are heat-seal materials
- the lid is attached by applying heat and pressure to the lid against the flange to form a seal that extends continuously about the container opening.
- the seal typically has a substantially uniform bond strength all along its length.
- the attachment of the lid to the container must be secure enough to resist inadvertent detachment of the lid during shipping and handling of the container and up until the time that the consumer desires to open it.
- the bond strength of the seal must not be so high that the consumer is unable to peel off the lid. This would not be a problem if the bond strength could be very accurately controlled.
- sealants and sealing technology such accurate control is not possible. This is due in part to the many factors that can affect the bond strength, many of which are not amenable to being accurately taken into account and controlled. As a result, the bond strength can vary substantially from one lid to the next.
- the present invention addresses the above needs and achieves other advantages, by providing a container wherein the seal between the lid and the container does not have a uniform bond strength all along its length.
- the seal has at least one portion having a lower bond strength than other portions of the seal. Consequently, initiation of peeling of the lid from the container can begin relatively easily at the lower-strength portion of the seal.
- the seal can be relatively strong to resist inadvertent detachment of the lid. Once the peeling of the lid is initiated, it becomes relatively easy to completely detach the lid.
- a container in accordance with one embodiment of the invention comprises a container body having an opening circumscribed by a flange that defines an outer surface, and a flexible membrane lid sealed to the outer surface of the flange to initially close the opening.
- the lid is sealed to the flange by a seal formed between a sealant on the lid and a sealant on the flange, the seal extending continuously about the opening, the seal having a width in the radial direction.
- the seal has a portion of reduced width relative to other portions of the seal such that a peel force required for peeling the lid from the flange has a lower value at the reduced-width portion relative to the other portions of the seal.
- variable seal width in accordance with the invention can be provided in various ways.
- the flange has a non-constant width along its length so that when the lid is sealed to the flange, a narrower portion of the flange creates a narrower seal than at other, wider portions of the flange.
- the flange can have (but doesn't necessarily have to have) a uniform width along its length, but a sealant is applied to the flange and/or to the membrane in a variable-width pattern so that a narrower portion of the pattern creates a narrower seal than at other, wider portions of the pattern.
- the lid defines a pull-tab portion located in registration with the reduced-width portion of the seal.
- the pull-tab portion can be grasped and pulled to initiate peeling off the lid.
- the sealant on the lid can be any of various materials, including but not limited to polypropylene (with or without mineral filler), ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer ionomer, ethylene vinyl acetate, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, ethyl methyl acrylate, metallocenes, and mixtures thereof.
- the sealant on the flange likewise can be any of these materials.
- the sealants on the lid and flange can be identical, but do not necessarily have to be; any two sealant materials that are compatible with each other and produce a seal of adequate bond strength can be used.
- the sealant on the flange can be comprised of the material of the flange itself. For instance, where the container is formed of polypropylene, which is a heat-sealable material, a lid having a compatible heat-sealable material can be heat-sealed directly to the flange.
- the membrane lid can comprise various materials.
- the lid includes a substrate and a layer of sealant laminated to, coated on, coextruded with, or otherwise provided on the substrate.
- the substrate can comprise a barrier layer, by itself or combined with one or more other layers.
- the barrier layer can comprise various materials, including but not limited to metal foil, polyethylene terephthalate, modified polyethylene terephthalate, metallized polyethylene terephthalate, metallized modified polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polypropylene, metal oxide and silicate coated polyester, metal oxide and silicate coated polypropylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a container sealed with a membrane lid in accordance with one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the container of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view through the upper end of the container along line 2 A- 2 A in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a top elevation of the container body of the container viewed from line 3 - 3 in FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 , showing an alternative embodiment of the invention wherein the container has a radially inwardly projecting flange;
- FIG. 5 is a top elevation of a container body in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, wherein a flange has a sealant applied in a variable-width pattern;
- FIG. 6 is a bottom elevation of a membrane lid in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, wherein a sealant is applied to the membrane in a variable-width pattern;
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view through the membrane along line 6 A- 6 A in FIG. 6 ;
- FIG. 7 is a top elevation of a container body in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention, having a flange with a cut-out to form a reduced-width portion of the flange.
- FIGS. 1, 2 , 2 A, and 3 A container 10 in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1, 2 , 2 A, and 3 .
- the container 10 includes a container body 12 and a flexible membrane lid 14 .
- the container body 12 can be formed of various materials and in various configurations, and by various processes.
- the container body includes a bottom wall 16 , a tubular sidewall 18 having a lower end joined to the outer periphery of the bottom wall, and a flange 20 joined to an upper end of the sidewall.
- the flange encircles a top opening of the container body.
- the flange 20 extends radially outwardly from the sidewall.
- the flange defines a substantially planar upper surface to which the lid 14 is attached to seal closed the top opening of the container body.
- the lid 14 is attached to the flange 20 by a sealant 22 disposed on the upper surface of the flange 20 and a compatible sealant 24 disposed on the lower surface of the lid 14 .
- the lid has a substrate 26 that provides the necessary strength, tear-resistance, and other desired properties for the lid, and the sealant 24 comprises a layer or coating disposed on the lower surface of the substrate 26 .
- the sealant layer 24 covers the entire surface of the substrate 26 , and can be provided in various ways, such as by coextrusion of the substrate and sealant layers, or by providing separate substrate and sealant webs and then laminating the webs together with an intervening adhesive or tie layer (not shown).
- the sealant 24 could be applied to only that portion of the substrate 26 that will come into contact with the sealant 22 on the flange 20 , such as by printing the sealant onto the substrate.
- the substrate 26 is shown as being a single layer, but alternatively it can comprise two or more layers joined together in any suitable fashion.
- the contents of the container 10 should be prevented from being exposed to moisture vapor and/or oxygen outside the container, and in such cases the substrate generally includes at least one barrier layer that is substantially impermeable to the unwanted substance.
- the barrier can comprise various materials, including but not limited to metal foil, polyethylene terephthalate, modified polyethylene terephthalate, metallized polyethylene terephthalate, metallized modified polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polypropylene, metal oxide and silicate coated polyester, metal oxide and silicate coated polypropylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
- the sealants 22 and 24 can comprise various materials, including but not limited to glues or adhesives (e.g., hot melt glues, cold seal adhesives, etc.), polypropylene (with or without mineral filler), ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer ionomer, ethylene vinyl acetate, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, ethyl methyl acrylate, metallocenes, and mixtures thereof.
- glues or adhesives e.g., hot melt glues, cold seal adhesives, etc.
- polypropylene with or without mineral filler
- ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer ionomer ethylene vinyl acetate
- high-density polyethylene high-density polyethylene
- low-density polyethylene low-density polyethylene
- metallocenes ethyl methyl acrylate
- the attachment of the lid 14 to the container flange 20 must be strong enough to resist inadvertent detachment of lid from the flange, whether a partial or a complete detachment, under the types of handling, shipping, and storage conditions expected to be encountered by the container.
- the bond strength between the lid and container flange can vary significantly as a result of variations in a number of factors that affect bond strength.
- some containers may be produced with lid/flange bond strength that is inadequate to prevent failure of the seal under typical conditions.
- the general practice is to select the sealants and design the container for stronger seals. The problem with this approach is that there is still a significant variation in seal strength among the produced containers, and the stronger ones of the container seals can be so strong that the consumer has great difficulty peeling off the lid, or cannot peel it off at all.
- the present invention addresses this problem. It was noted that the most difficult phase of lid removal is initiating the separation of the lid from the flange. Once an area of the lid is successfully separated from the flange, even if this initial separation requires great force, continued peeling of the lid requires less force and can be accomplished relatively easily.
- the invention takes advantage of this phenomenon.
- the seal between the lid and the container flange does not have a uniform width all along the length of the seal.
- the peel force required to peel the lid from the flange is proportional to the surface area of the seal. Thus, a narrower seal tends to require a lower peel force to remove the lid, compared with a wider seal.
- a portion of the seal is relatively narrow compared with other portions of the seal. Accordingly, peeling of the lid from the flange can be initiated at the narrow portion with relatively low peel force. At the same time, however, the overall strength of the lid-flange attachment can be relatively high by virtue of the wider portions of the seal.
- the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 2 , 2 A, and 3 illustrates one way to accomplish the variable-width seal.
- the sealant 22 on the flange 20 is applied to substantially the entire planar upper surface of the flange, i.e., over the full radial width of the flange.
- the flange has a variable width, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 . More particularly, in the illustrated embodiment, the flange 20 has a continuously variable width, smoothly varying between a minimum width W min and a maximum width W max . The locations of the minimum and maximum widths are diametrically opposite each other.
- the flange 20 can have circular outer and inner peripheries as shown, with the inner periphery being non-concentric with the outer periphery; alternatively, various other flange configurations could be used.
- sealant 22 is applied to the entire upper surface of the flange 20 and the lid is sealed to the flange, the resulting seal has a variable width.
- the portion of the lid sealed to the narrow portion of the flange has a narrow seal, and initiating of peeling of the lid can be effected at this narrow seal portion with relatively low force.
- the lid includes a pull-tab portion 28 located in registration with the narrow portion of the seal.
- the pull-tab portion extends radially outwardly beyond the outer edge of the flange at the narrow portion of the flange; to open the container, the consumer grasps and pulls the pull-tab portion up and toward the opposite side of the container, as shown in phantom lines in FIG. 2 .
- the remainder of the lid preferably does not extend beyond the flange, so that usage of lid material is minimized.
- lid it would be possible to size the lid so that it extended beyond the flange about its entire circumference, and a marking could be provided on the lid to indicate where the lid should be grasped and pulled to initiate peeling; however, this arrangement would require great usage of lid material and hence is not preferred.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention.
- the container 10 ′ in accordance with this embodiment is generally similar to the previously described container, except the flange 20 ′ projects radially inwardly from the container sidewall 18 instead of radially outwardly.
- FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the invention having a container body 112 that includes a flange 120 of uniform width, but wherein the sealant 122 is applied to the flange in a variable-width pattern.
- the sealant covers substantially the full width of the flange over most of the flange's circumference, but over a minor circumferential portion of the flange the sealant covers only part of the width of the flange.
- the sealant can be applied to the flange in any suitable fashion, such as by printing with a rotogravure cylinder or the like.
- FIG. 6 illustrates that the variable-width sealant pattern can be applied to the lid instead of, or in addition to, applying it to the flange.
- the lid 114 shown in FIG. 6 has a sealant 124 that is applied to a generally annular outer edge portion of the lid that will be in contact with a container flange.
- the pattern of the sealant includes a narrow portion adjacent a pull-tab portion 128 of the lid.
- the flange can also have a similar variable-width sealant pattern, or the sealant can be applied to the full width of the flange.
- the flange material itself to act as the sealant, in the case of heat-sealing; e.g., the flange can be polypropylene and the sealant 124 on the lid can include a polypropylene component so that the lid is directly heat-sealable to the flange.
- the flange width is variable for effecting a variable-width seal.
- the container body 212 can be initially formed with a uniform-width flange 220 as indicated by the dashed line.
- a cut-out 221 is then formed in a portion of the flange, by cutting with any suitable tool.
- the flange in the region of the cut-out has a narrower width than the rest of the flange, such that a seal formed at this location is narrower than the rest of the seal.
- the width of the seal should be reduced by a substantial amount relative to other parts of the seal.
- the width of the reduced-width portion of the seal is at least about 30 percent smaller than the width of the other portions of the seal.
- the circumferential length of the reduced-width portion of the seal affects the peel force required to initiate lid peeling. If the length is too small, then the peel force may still be higher than desired; conversely, if the length is too great, the overall strength of the lid-flange bond may be compromised such that there is a substantially increased risk of inadvertent lid detachment.
- the reduced-width portion should occupy a minority (i.e., less than half) of the total circumferential length of the seal, and more preferably less than about one-third of the total length, but more than about one-tenth of the total length.
- the container bodies for containers in accordance with the invention can be formed by various processes.
- the invention is applicable, for example, to plastic container bodies formed by extrusion blow molding, injection molding, or thermoforming.
- containers of circular cross-sectional shape have been illustrated, it will be recognized that the invention is equally applicable to containers of other cross-sectional shapes, such as square, rectangular, oval, elliptical, etc.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Abstract
A container such as a blow-molded plastic can has a flange encircling the top opening, and a flexible membrane lid sealed to the flange. The seal between the lid and the container does not have uniform bond strength all along its length. In particular, the seal has at least one portion having reduced width and hence lower bond strength than other portions of the seal. Consequently, initiation of peeling of the lid from the container can begin relatively easily at the lower-strength portion of the seal. Overall, however, the seal can be relatively strong to resist inadvertent detachment of the lid. Once the peeling of the lid is initiated, it becomes relatively easy to completely detach the lid.
Description
- 1. Technical Field
- This invention relates to a container having a container opening initially closed by a membrane lid sealed to a flange that encircles the opening.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- Various food and non-food products are packaged in plastic containers or cans formed by blow molding or thermoforming processes. In one such type of container, a flange formed integrally with the container sidewall surrounds the opening of the container. The flange, which can be either a radially inwardly projecting or a radially outwardly projecting flange, provides a surface onto which a flexible membrane closure or lid is attached for initially sealing the container after it is filled with the contents. The consumer peels off the membrane lid to gain access to the contents. If desired, the container can be equipped with an additional overcap for reclosing the container after its initial opening.
- The membrane lid is sealed to the container flange using suitable sealant disposed on the lid and on the flange. For example, the lower surface of the lid can have a layer or coating of sealant, and the upper surface of the flange can have a coating of sealant, or the flange itself can be formed of a material that acts as a sealant. In many cases, the sealants are heat-seal materials, and the lid is attached by applying heat and pressure to the lid against the flange to form a seal that extends continuously about the container opening. The seal typically has a substantially uniform bond strength all along its length.
- The attachment of the lid to the container must be secure enough to resist inadvertent detachment of the lid during shipping and handling of the container and up until the time that the consumer desires to open it. In the case of food products, it is particularly important that the integrity of the seal remain intact. At the same time, the bond strength of the seal must not be so high that the consumer is unable to peel off the lid. This would not be a problem if the bond strength could be very accurately controlled. However, with currently available sealants and sealing technology, such accurate control is not possible. This is due in part to the many factors that can affect the bond strength, many of which are not amenable to being accurately taken into account and controlled. As a result, the bond strength can vary substantially from one lid to the next.
- The usual solution to this problem is to err on the side of stronger seals, so that the vast majority of the seals produced will be strong enough to resist inadvertent lid detachment under the types of conditions expected to be encountered by the containers. The drawback to this solution is that the stronger of the seals are often so strong that the consumer has difficulty peeling off the lid.
- The present invention addresses the above needs and achieves other advantages, by providing a container wherein the seal between the lid and the container does not have a uniform bond strength all along its length. In particular, the seal has at least one portion having a lower bond strength than other portions of the seal. Consequently, initiation of peeling of the lid from the container can begin relatively easily at the lower-strength portion of the seal. Overall, however, the seal can be relatively strong to resist inadvertent detachment of the lid. Once the peeling of the lid is initiated, it becomes relatively easy to completely detach the lid.
- A container in accordance with one embodiment of the invention comprises a container body having an opening circumscribed by a flange that defines an outer surface, and a flexible membrane lid sealed to the outer surface of the flange to initially close the opening. The lid is sealed to the flange by a seal formed between a sealant on the lid and a sealant on the flange, the seal extending continuously about the opening, the seal having a width in the radial direction. The seal has a portion of reduced width relative to other portions of the seal such that a peel force required for peeling the lid from the flange has a lower value at the reduced-width portion relative to the other portions of the seal.
- The variable seal width in accordance with the invention can be provided in various ways. In some embodiments, the flange has a non-constant width along its length so that when the lid is sealed to the flange, a narrower portion of the flange creates a narrower seal than at other, wider portions of the flange. In other embodiments, the flange can have (but doesn't necessarily have to have) a uniform width along its length, but a sealant is applied to the flange and/or to the membrane in a variable-width pattern so that a narrower portion of the pattern creates a narrower seal than at other, wider portions of the pattern.
- In one embodiment, the lid defines a pull-tab portion located in registration with the reduced-width portion of the seal. The pull-tab portion can be grasped and pulled to initiate peeling off the lid.
- The sealant on the lid can be any of various materials, including but not limited to polypropylene (with or without mineral filler), ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer ionomer, ethylene vinyl acetate, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, ethyl methyl acrylate, metallocenes, and mixtures thereof. The sealant on the flange likewise can be any of these materials. The sealants on the lid and flange can be identical, but do not necessarily have to be; any two sealant materials that are compatible with each other and produce a seal of adequate bond strength can be used. In some embodiments, as noted, the sealant on the flange can be comprised of the material of the flange itself. For instance, where the container is formed of polypropylene, which is a heat-sealable material, a lid having a compatible heat-sealable material can be heat-sealed directly to the flange.
- The membrane lid can comprise various materials. Typically, the lid includes a substrate and a layer of sealant laminated to, coated on, coextruded with, or otherwise provided on the substrate. The substrate can comprise a barrier layer, by itself or combined with one or more other layers. The barrier layer can comprise various materials, including but not limited to metal foil, polyethylene terephthalate, modified polyethylene terephthalate, metallized polyethylene terephthalate, metallized modified polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polypropylene, metal oxide and silicate coated polyester, metal oxide and silicate coated polypropylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
- Having thus described the invention in general terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a container sealed with a membrane lid in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the container ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view through the upper end of the container along line 2A-2A inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a top elevation of the container body of the container viewed from line 3-3 inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view similar toFIG. 2 , showing an alternative embodiment of the invention wherein the container has a radially inwardly projecting flange; -
FIG. 5 is a top elevation of a container body in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, wherein a flange has a sealant applied in a variable-width pattern; -
FIG. 6 is a bottom elevation of a membrane lid in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, wherein a sealant is applied to the membrane in a variable-width pattern; -
FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view through the membrane alongline 6A-6A inFIG. 6 ; and -
FIG. 7 is a top elevation of a container body in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention, having a flange with a cut-out to form a reduced-width portion of the flange. - The present inventions now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. Indeed, these inventions may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.
- A container 10 in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention is shown in
FIGS. 1, 2 , 2A, and 3. The container 10 includes a container body 12 and aflexible membrane lid 14. The container body 12 can be formed of various materials and in various configurations, and by various processes. Generally, the container body includes abottom wall 16, atubular sidewall 18 having a lower end joined to the outer periphery of the bottom wall, and a flange 20 joined to an upper end of the sidewall. The flange encircles a top opening of the container body. In the instant embodiment, the flange 20 extends radially outwardly from the sidewall. The flange defines a substantially planar upper surface to which thelid 14 is attached to seal closed the top opening of the container body. - With reference to
FIG. 2A in particular, thelid 14 is attached to the flange 20 by a sealant 22 disposed on the upper surface of the flange 20 and a compatible sealant 24 disposed on the lower surface of thelid 14. In this embodiment, the lid has a substrate 26 that provides the necessary strength, tear-resistance, and other desired properties for the lid, and the sealant 24 comprises a layer or coating disposed on the lower surface of the substrate 26. As shown, the sealant layer 24 covers the entire surface of the substrate 26, and can be provided in various ways, such as by coextrusion of the substrate and sealant layers, or by providing separate substrate and sealant webs and then laminating the webs together with an intervening adhesive or tie layer (not shown). Alternatively, the sealant 24 could be applied to only that portion of the substrate 26 that will come into contact with the sealant 22 on the flange 20, such as by printing the sealant onto the substrate. - The substrate 26 is shown as being a single layer, but alternatively it can comprise two or more layers joined together in any suitable fashion. In some cases, the contents of the container 10 should be prevented from being exposed to moisture vapor and/or oxygen outside the container, and in such cases the substrate generally includes at least one barrier layer that is substantially impermeable to the unwanted substance. The barrier can comprise various materials, including but not limited to metal foil, polyethylene terephthalate, modified polyethylene terephthalate, metallized polyethylene terephthalate, metallized modified polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polypropylene, metal oxide and silicate coated polyester, metal oxide and silicate coated polypropylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
- The sealants 22 and 24 can comprise various materials, including but not limited to glues or adhesives (e.g., hot melt glues, cold seal adhesives, etc.), polypropylene (with or without mineral filler), ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer ionomer, ethylene vinyl acetate, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, ethyl methyl acrylate, metallocenes, and mixtures thereof.
- The attachment of the
lid 14 to the container flange 20 must be strong enough to resist inadvertent detachment of lid from the flange, whether a partial or a complete detachment, under the types of handling, shipping, and storage conditions expected to be encountered by the container. With current conventional sealants and container-manufacturing methods, the bond strength between the lid and container flange can vary significantly as a result of variations in a number of factors that affect bond strength. Thus, some containers may be produced with lid/flange bond strength that is inadequate to prevent failure of the seal under typical conditions. To reduce the incidence of failed seals, therefore, the general practice is to select the sealants and design the container for stronger seals. The problem with this approach is that there is still a significant variation in seal strength among the produced containers, and the stronger ones of the container seals can be so strong that the consumer has great difficulty peeling off the lid, or cannot peel it off at all. - The present invention addresses this problem. It was noted that the most difficult phase of lid removal is initiating the separation of the lid from the flange. Once an area of the lid is successfully separated from the flange, even if this initial separation requires great force, continued peeling of the lid requires less force and can be accomplished relatively easily. The invention takes advantage of this phenomenon. In accordance with the invention, the seal between the lid and the container flange does not have a uniform width all along the length of the seal. Generally, for a given sealant, the peel force required to peel the lid from the flange is proportional to the surface area of the seal. Thus, a narrower seal tends to require a lower peel force to remove the lid, compared with a wider seal. In containers of the invention, a portion of the seal is relatively narrow compared with other portions of the seal. Accordingly, peeling of the lid from the flange can be initiated at the narrow portion with relatively low peel force. At the same time, however, the overall strength of the lid-flange attachment can be relatively high by virtue of the wider portions of the seal.
- The first embodiment shown in
FIGS. 1, 2 , 2A, and 3 illustrates one way to accomplish the variable-width seal. In this embodiment, the sealant 22 on the flange 20 is applied to substantially the entire planar upper surface of the flange, i.e., over the full radial width of the flange. However, the flange has a variable width, as illustrated inFIGS. 2 and 3 . More particularly, in the illustrated embodiment, the flange 20 has a continuously variable width, smoothly varying between a minimum width Wmin and a maximum width Wmax. The locations of the minimum and maximum widths are diametrically opposite each other. The flange 20 can have circular outer and inner peripheries as shown, with the inner periphery being non-concentric with the outer periphery; alternatively, various other flange configurations could be used. When sealant 22 is applied to the entire upper surface of the flange 20 and the lid is sealed to the flange, the resulting seal has a variable width. The portion of the lid sealed to the narrow portion of the flange has a narrow seal, and initiating of peeling of the lid can be effected at this narrow seal portion with relatively low force. - To facilitate grasping the lid, and also to aid the consumer in starting the lid removal at the proper location, preferably the lid includes a pull-tab portion 28 located in registration with the narrow portion of the seal. The pull-tab portion extends radially outwardly beyond the outer edge of the flange at the narrow portion of the flange; to open the container, the consumer grasps and pulls the pull-tab portion up and toward the opposite side of the container, as shown in phantom lines in
FIG. 2 . The remainder of the lid preferably does not extend beyond the flange, so that usage of lid material is minimized. Alternatively, it would be possible to size the lid so that it extended beyond the flange about its entire circumference, and a marking could be provided on the lid to indicate where the lid should be grasped and pulled to initiate peeling; however, this arrangement would require great usage of lid material and hence is not preferred. -
FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention. The container 10′ in accordance with this embodiment is generally similar to the previously described container, except the flange 20′ projects radially inwardly from thecontainer sidewall 18 instead of radially outwardly. - The objective of providing a seal that has at least one relatively narrow portion can be accomplished in ways other than providing a variable-width flange. For instance,
FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the invention having a container body 112 that includes a flange 120 of uniform width, but wherein thesealant 122 is applied to the flange in a variable-width pattern. In particular, the sealant covers substantially the full width of the flange over most of the flange's circumference, but over a minor circumferential portion of the flange the sealant covers only part of the width of the flange. The sealant can be applied to the flange in any suitable fashion, such as by printing with a rotogravure cylinder or the like. When a lid (not shown) having a compatible sealant is sealed to the flange 120, the resulting seal has a narrow portion at which peeling of the lid can be initiated. -
FIG. 6 illustrates that the variable-width sealant pattern can be applied to the lid instead of, or in addition to, applying it to the flange. Thus, the lid 114 shown inFIG. 6 has asealant 124 that is applied to a generally annular outer edge portion of the lid that will be in contact with a container flange. The pattern of the sealant includes a narrow portion adjacent a pull-tab portion 128 of the lid. When the lid is sealed to a flange of a container, the resulting seal has a narrow portion at which peeling of the lid can be initiated. The flange can also have a similar variable-width sealant pattern, or the sealant can be applied to the full width of the flange. It is also possible for the flange material itself to act as the sealant, in the case of heat-sealing; e.g., the flange can be polypropylene and thesealant 124 on the lid can include a polypropylene component so that the lid is directly heat-sealable to the flange. This also is true of the previous embodiment where the flange width is variable for effecting a variable-width seal. - Yet another approach to providing a variable-width seal is depicted in
FIG. 7 . In this embodiment, thecontainer body 212 can be initially formed with a uniform-width flange 220 as indicated by the dashed line. A cut-out 221 is then formed in a portion of the flange, by cutting with any suitable tool. The flange in the region of the cut-out has a narrower width than the rest of the flange, such that a seal formed at this location is narrower than the rest of the seal. - To achieve a substantial reduction in peel force at one portion of the lid-flange seal, the width of the seal should be reduced by a substantial amount relative to other parts of the seal. Preferably, the width of the reduced-width portion of the seal is at least about 30 percent smaller than the width of the other portions of the seal. Additionally, the circumferential length of the reduced-width portion of the seal affects the peel force required to initiate lid peeling. If the length is too small, then the peel force may still be higher than desired; conversely, if the length is too great, the overall strength of the lid-flange bond may be compromised such that there is a substantially increased risk of inadvertent lid detachment. Preferably, the reduced-width portion should occupy a minority (i.e., less than half) of the total circumferential length of the seal, and more preferably less than about one-third of the total length, but more than about one-tenth of the total length.
- The container bodies for containers in accordance with the invention can be formed by various processes. The invention is applicable, for example, to plastic container bodies formed by extrusion blow molding, injection molding, or thermoforming. Although containers of circular cross-sectional shape have been illustrated, it will be recognized that the invention is equally applicable to containers of other cross-sectional shapes, such as square, rectangular, oval, elliptical, etc.
- Many modifications and other embodiments of the inventions set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which these inventions pertain having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the inventions are not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (22)
1. A container, comprising:
a container body defined by a sidewall, an opening defined in the container body, the opening circumscribed by an edge of the sidewall;
a flange joined to the edge of the sidewall, the flange encircling the opening, the flange projecting from the sidewall in a radial direction, the flange defining an outer surface that faces generally away from the container body, the outer surface having a width in the radial direction; and
a flexible membrane lid sealed to the outer surface of the flange to initially close the opening, the membrane lid being sealed to the outer surface by a seal formed between a sealant on the membrane lid and a sealant on the flange, the seal extending continuously about the opening, the seal having a width in the radial direction;
the seal having a portion of reduced width relative to other portions of the seal such that a peel force required for peeling the membrane lid from the flange has a lower value at said reduced-width portion relative to the other portions of the seal.
2. The container of claim 1 , wherein the reduced-width portion of the seal comprises a minority of a total circumferential length of the seal.
3. The container of claim 1 , wherein the width of the reduced-width portion of the seal is at least about 30 percent smaller than the width of the other portions of the seal.
4. The container of claim 1 , wherein the membrane lid defines a pull-tab portion located in registration with the reduced-width portion of the seal.
5. The container of claim 1 , wherein the reduced-width portion of the seal is provided by virtue of the width of one portion of the flange being reduced relative to other portions of the flange.
6. The container of claim 1 , wherein the reduced-width portion of the seal is provided by virtue of the sealant on at least one of the flange and the membrane being applied in a variable-width pattern.
7. The container of claim 1 , wherein the container body is an extrusion blow-molded plastic structure.
8. The container of claim 1 , wherein the flange projects radially inwardly from the sidewall.
9. The container of claim 1 , wherein the flange projects radially outwardly from the sidewall.
10. The container of claim 1 , wherein the flange is substantially planar.
11. The container of claim 1 , wherein the membrane lid comprises a substrate and a layer of the sealant at least partially covering one side of the substrate.
12. The container of claim 11 , wherein the substrate includes a barrier layer.
13. The container of claim 12 , wherein the barrier layer is selected from the group consisting of metal foil, polyethylene terephthalate, modified polyethylene terephthalate, metallized polyethylene terephthalate, metallized modified polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polyethylene naphthalate, metallized polypropylene, metal oxide and silicate coated polyester, metal oxide and silicate coated polypropylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
14. The container of claim 11 , wherein the sealant on the membrane lid is selected from the group consisting of hot melt glue, cold seal adhesive, polypropylene, polypropylene with mineral filler, ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer ionomer, ethylene vinyl acetate, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, ethyl methyl acrylate, metallocenes, and mixtures thereof.
15. A container, comprising:
an extrusion blow-molded plastic container body comprising a tubular sidewall, an end wall joined to a lower end of the sidewall, an opening defined at an upper end of the sidewall, and a flange joined to the upper end of the sidewall, the flange circumscribing the opening, the flange projecting from the sidewall in a radial direction, the flange defining an upper surface that faces generally away from the container body, the upper surface having a width in the radial direction; and
a flexible membrane lid sealed to the upper surface of the flange to initially close the opening, the membrane lid being sealed to the upper surface by a seal formed between a sealant on the membrane lid and a sealant on the flange, the seal extending continuously about the opening, the seal having a width in the radial direction;
the seal having a portion of reduced width relative to other portions of the seal such that a peel force required for peeling the membrane lid from the flange has a lower value at said reduced-width portion relative to the other portions of the seal.
16. The container of claim 15 , wherein the width of the seal varies continuously about the opening from a minimum width to a maximum width, the minimum and maximum widths being located diametrically opposite each other.
17. The container of claim 15 , wherein the membrane lid defines a pull-tab portion located in registration with the reduced-width portion of the seal.
18. The container of claim 15 , wherein the container body has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape.
19. The container of claim 15 , wherein the reduced-width portion of the seal is provided by virtue of the width of one portion of the flange being reduced relative to other portions of the flange.
20. The container of claim 19 , wherein the width of the flange varies continuously about the opening from a minimum width to a maximum width.
21. The container of claim 15 , wherein the reduced-width portion of the seal is provided by virtue of the sealant on the flange being applied to the flange in a variable-width pattern.
22. The container of claim 15 , wherein the flange is initially molded to have a substantially constant width all of the way around the opening, and a cut-out is formed in the flange at one circumferentially extending portion thereof so as to reduce the width of the flange at said portion, the membrane lid being sealed to the flange having the cut-out, whereby the reduced-width portion of the seal is located at said portion of the flange having the cut-out.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/682,183 US20050077297A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | Container with easily removable membrane lid |
EP04256156A EP1526090A2 (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2004-10-05 | Container with easily removable membrane lid |
BR0404335-9A BRPI0404335A (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2004-10-08 | Easily removable membrane lid container |
JP2004297222A JP2005112472A (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2004-10-12 | Container having easily removable membrane lid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/682,183 US20050077297A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | Container with easily removable membrane lid |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050077297A1 true US20050077297A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
Family
ID=34394505
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/682,183 Abandoned US20050077297A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | Container with easily removable membrane lid |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050077297A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1526090A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005112472A (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0404335A (en) |
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US7798359B1 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2010-09-21 | Momar Industries LLC | Heat-sealed, peelable lidding membrane for retort packaging |
US20100270330A1 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-28 | H.J. Heinz Company | Multi-Function Condiment Container |
WO2011103670A1 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Monfitello Inc. | Lightweight single-dose container |
US8100277B1 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2012-01-24 | Rexam Closures And Containers Inc. | Peelable seal for an opening in a container neck |
US8251236B1 (en) | 2007-11-02 | 2012-08-28 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Closure with lifting mechanism |
US20120318801A1 (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2012-12-20 | Amcor Flexibles Kreuzlingen Ltd. | Container with closing membrane |
CN102963610A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-13 | 褚万青 | Anti-counterfeiting seal and anti-counterfeiting method for goods |
CN103587813A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-02-19 | 褚万青 | Biomass bolt and commodity anti-counterfeiting method |
US20140291190A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-02 | Gc Corporation | Blister pack |
US20150041493A1 (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2015-02-12 | Mds Global Holding P.L.C. | Container for dispensing a substance |
US9145251B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2015-09-29 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Package |
USD755625S1 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2016-05-10 | The Hillshire Brands Company | Packaging for food product |
USD762470S1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2016-08-02 | The Hillshire Brands Company | Packaging for food product |
US20170081112A1 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2017-03-23 | Luigi Lavazza S.P.A. | Capsule for the preparation of a liquid food product via a brewing machine |
US9604769B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2017-03-28 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Stand up package |
US9963278B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2018-05-08 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Funnel component and packaging container using funnel component |
US10207829B2 (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2019-02-19 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Funnel component and manufacturing method for manufacturing packaging container using funnel component |
US10532872B2 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2020-01-14 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Package |
US11767139B2 (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2023-09-26 | Koch Pac-Systeme Gmbh | Method for producing a package |
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EP2100823A1 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-16 | Teich Aktiengesellschaft | Container with film cover |
JP6035609B2 (en) | 2010-11-24 | 2016-11-30 | ミラクロン エルエルシー | Method and product for preventing heat seal defects |
KR102080333B1 (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2020-02-21 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | OLED Source |
PL3838789T3 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-01-30 | Stefan Eylert | Reclosable container and method of manufacturing same |
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Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7798359B1 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2010-09-21 | Momar Industries LLC | Heat-sealed, peelable lidding membrane for retort packaging |
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US9963278B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2018-05-08 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Funnel component and packaging container using funnel component |
US10207829B2 (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2019-02-19 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Funnel component and manufacturing method for manufacturing packaging container using funnel component |
US9604769B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2017-03-28 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Stand up package |
USD755625S1 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2016-05-10 | The Hillshire Brands Company | Packaging for food product |
USD762470S1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2016-08-02 | The Hillshire Brands Company | Packaging for food product |
US9884716B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2018-02-06 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Package |
US9145251B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2015-09-29 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Package |
CN102963610A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-13 | 褚万青 | Anti-counterfeiting seal and anti-counterfeiting method for goods |
US20140291190A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-02 | Gc Corporation | Blister pack |
CN103587813A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-02-19 | 褚万青 | Biomass bolt and commodity anti-counterfeiting method |
US20170081112A1 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2017-03-23 | Luigi Lavazza S.P.A. | Capsule for the preparation of a liquid food product via a brewing machine |
US10532872B2 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2020-01-14 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Package |
US11767139B2 (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2023-09-26 | Koch Pac-Systeme Gmbh | Method for producing a package |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005112472A (en) | 2005-04-28 |
BRPI0404335A (en) | 2005-06-14 |
EP1526090A2 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
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Owner name: SONOCO DEVELOPMENT, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MARSHBURN, FAYE;CASE, MANSON DREW;REEL/FRAME:014605/0249 Effective date: 20030924 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |