US20050107498A1 - Rapidly soluble film covering based on polyvinylalcohol-polyether graft copolymers combined with components containing hydroxyl, amide, or ester functions - Google Patents
Rapidly soluble film covering based on polyvinylalcohol-polyether graft copolymers combined with components containing hydroxyl, amide, or ester functions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050107498A1 US20050107498A1 US10/501,773 US50177304A US2005107498A1 US 20050107498 A1 US20050107498 A1 US 20050107498A1 US 50177304 A US50177304 A US 50177304A US 2005107498 A1 US2005107498 A1 US 2005107498A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- component
- composition
- components
- polyvinyl alcohol
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 1-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006103 coloring component Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000905 isomalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010439 isomalt Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isomaltol Natural products CC(=O)C=1OC=CC=1O HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Polydextrose Polymers OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)O1 DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017399 Caesalpinia tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001202 Inulin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001100 Polydextrose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000388430 Tara Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940097362 cyclodextrins Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940029339 inulin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N inulin Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)OC[C@]1(OC[C@]2(OC[C@]3(OC[C@]4(OC[C@]5(OC[C@]6(OC[C@]7(OC[C@]8(OC[C@]9(OC[C@]%10(OC[C@]%11(OC[C@]%12(OC[C@]%13(OC[C@]%14(OC[C@]%15(OC[C@]%16(OC[C@]%17(OC[C@]%18(OC[C@]%19(OC[C@]%20(OC[C@]%21(OC[C@]%22(OC[C@]%23(OC[C@]%24(OC[C@]%25(OC[C@]%26(OC[C@]%27(OC[C@]%28(OC[C@]%29(OC[C@]%30(OC[C@]%31(OC[C@]%32(OC[C@]%33(OC[C@]%34(OC[C@]%35(OC[C@]%36(O[C@@H]%37[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%37)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%36)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%35)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%34)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%33)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%32)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%31)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%30)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%29)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%28)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%27)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%26)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%25)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%24)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%23)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%22)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%21)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%20)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%19)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%18)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%17)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%16)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%15)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%14)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%13)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%12)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%11)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%10)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O9)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O8)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O7)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O5)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O4)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013856 polydextrose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001259 polydextrose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940035035 polydextrose Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000157 polyfructose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010409 propane-1,2-diol alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 244000007835 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 37
- 229940093429 polyethylene glycol 6000 Drugs 0.000 description 26
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 8
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Poloxamer Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1 RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007941 film coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 6
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N propranolol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004172 quinoline yellow Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940051201 quinoline yellow Drugs 0.000 description 5
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000006686 (C1-C24) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical class [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- JFVXEJADITYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium 2-(3-hydroxy-5-sulfonato-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-oxoindole-5-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].Oc1c([nH]c2ccc(cc12)S([O-])(=O)=O)C1=Nc2ccc(cc2C1=O)S([O-])(=O)=O JFVXEJADITYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 description 3
- SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Patent blue Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C(=CC(=CC=1)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012733 azorubine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- TVWOWDDBXAFQDG-DQRAZIAOSA-N azorubine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(\N=N/C3=C(C4=CC=CC=C4C(=C3)S(O)(=O)=O)O)=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=C1 TVWOWDDBXAFQDG-DQRAZIAOSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001993 poloxamer 188 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940044519 poloxamer 188 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920001992 poloxamer 407 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940044476 poloxamer 407 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960003712 propranolol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Brilliant Blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C=1C=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC=1N(CC)CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 description 2
- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940067573 brown iron oxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960000913 crospovidone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCC(C([O-])=O)(C(C([O-])=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940057838 polyethylene glycol 4000 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001290 polyvinyl ester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013809 polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000523 polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002016 Aerosil® 200 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000001592 Amaranthus caudatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009328 Amaranthus caudatus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005714 Chitosan hydrochloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBWDXXGBOUJUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Al].O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21.O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21.O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 Chemical compound [Al].[Al].O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21.O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21.O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 QBWDXXGBOUJUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008351 acetate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000012735 amaranth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004178 amaranth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012745 brilliant blue FCF Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004161 brilliant blue FCF Substances 0.000 description 1
- HLKZFSVWBQSKKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound OC(=O)CC=C.C=CN1CCCC1=O HLKZFSVWBQSKKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940026310 caffeine 50 mg Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124827 caffeine tablet Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 235000021466 carotenoid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001747 carotenoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940008099 dimethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;methoxy-dimethyl-trimethylsilyloxysilane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.CO[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007908 dry granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- IINNWAYUJNWZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L erythrosin B Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(I)C(=O)C(I)=C2OC2=C(I)C([O-])=C(I)C=C21 IINNWAYUJNWZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000012732 erythrosine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004174 erythrosine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940011411 erythrosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012738 indigotine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004179 indigotine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007909 melt granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002417 nutraceutical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021436 nutraceutical agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093430 polyethylene glycol 1500 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940069328 povidone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940083037 simethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009498 subcoating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000273 veterinary drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000009463 water soluble packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005550 wet granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/28—Dragees; Coated pills or tablets, e.g. with film or compression coating
- A61K9/2806—Coating materials
- A61K9/2833—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/2853—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers, poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to quick dissolving film coatings for coating solid substrates such as pharmaceutical, cosmetic or agrochemical product forms, seed, dietary supplements, and foods, said coatings being composed of at least one polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer (component A), at least one component containing hydroxyl, amide or ester functions (component B), and, optionally, further customary coating constituents (components C).
- component A polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer
- component B at least one component containing hydroxyl, amide or ester functions
- components C further customary coating constituents
- the invention further relates to processes for producing dry coating premixes and aqueous coating solutions and suspensions, and applying them to solid product forms.
- Solid product forms are provided with a quick dissolving coating for any of a host of different reasons. By so coating them it is possible, for example, to improve the appearance, distinctiveness, and swallowability, to mask a bitter taste, or to protect the product form against external influences such as humidity or oxygen, for example. Since the film coating is intended to dissolve rapidly in various aqueous media and also in synthetic gastric fluid and intestinal fluid, the prime constituent of the coating preparation must be a water soluble film forming polymer. Film forming polymers used for coating tablets include primarily hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and hydroxypropylcellulose, but these have serious disadvantages.
- the viscosity of these polymers in water is very high and permits a concentration of only up to about 10%, since at higher concentrations the high viscosity no longer permits fine atomization in the spray nozzle, and the coating becomes rough, inhomogeneous, and unattractive.
- these polymers are very brittle and frequently suffer cracks during storage, especially when the core changes in volume due to absorption or release of moisture.
- Polyvinyl alcohol is another known film former, but is seldom used owing to a variety of disadvantages.
- the use of polyvinyl alcohol preparations further including plasticizer and talc is described in WO 01/04195. Disadvantageous features of these preparations include their slow dissolving during preparation of the aqueous coating solution, high viscosity, low concentration in the spraying solution, the use of plasticizers, and the slow dissolution rate of the film coating, particularly after storage, and also the embrittlement of the film coating after storage, which is accompanied by instances of cracking.
- polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers as coating agents or binders in pharmaceutical product forms or as packaging material or else as additives to cosmetic, dermatological or hygiene preparations is known, for example, from WO 00/18375.
- a formula for a film coating composition which is composed of a polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and the customary coating constituents for coloring and covering, namely iron oxide, talc, and titanium dioxide.
- a coating of this kind is relatively soft and shows signs of abrasion if acted on by shear forces.
- the film coating compositions of the invention are composed of:
- polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers polymers obtainable by polymerizing
- polyethers having an average molar weight of between 400 and 50 000 g/mol, with particular preference from 1 500 to 20 000 g/mol.
- DE 1 077 430 describes a process for preparing graft polymers of vinyl esters on polyalkylene glycols.
- DE 1 094 457 and DE 1 081 229 describe processes for preparing graft polymers of polyvinyl alcohol on polyalkylene glycols by hydrolyzing the vinyl esters, and their use as protective colloids, water soluble packaging films, as sizes and finishes for textiles, and in cosmetology.
- the film coating compositions further comprise as components B components which contain at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amide and ester functions.
- components B which contain at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amide and ester functions.
- Both polymers and low molecular mass organic compounds can be used as components B.
- low molecular mass means that the organic compound in question has up to 20 carbon atoms.
- These products are generally water soluble, which for the purposes of this invention means that ⁇ 1 g dissolve at 25° C. in 100 ml of water.
- Water soluble may also mean that the products dissolve as a function of pH. Preferably, more than 5 g dissolve in 100 ml; with particular preference, more than 20 g dissolve in 100 ml. However, the products may also be water swellable.
- Polymers containing hydroxyl, amide or ester functions that are used include:
- Preferred compounds are:
- Low molecular mass organic compounds used include:
- Preferred compounds are:
- component B it is also possible to use highly disperse silica having a specific surface area ⁇ 100 m 2 /g.
- the film coatings may further comprise as components C additional auxiliaries such as are customary coating constituents.
- additional auxiliaries such as are customary coating constituents.
- Further customary coating constituents include:
- the combinations according to the invention produce unenvisaged and surprising product properties and film properties.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers of the invention are combined with polyvinyl alcohols, synergistic effects are found in as much as at certain proportions the elongation at break, which characterizes the flexibility of the films, is higher than that of the individual components. This phenomenon occurs not only at moderate and high humidities such as, for example, 54% RH (relative humidity) but also at low humidities such as, for example, 11% RH. Another unforeseeable was that the flexibility of the preparations of the invention is constant even on storage. Indeed, polyvinyl alcohol is known for its dramatic embrittlement over time and drop in flexibility to virtually zero.
- the polyvinyl alcohol molecules become ordered in a particular way during storage to produce a kind of crystalline state which is of low flexibility and fractures easily.
- this structure is broken and the films retain their flexibility even on storage.
- Elongation Elongation at break Elongation at break after at break after storage storage after at 23° C. for at 23° C. for preparation 6 months 12 months Parts by weight [%] [%] [%] PVA-PEG graft 60 213 205 202 copolymer
- Polyvinyl alcohol 40 Polyvinyl alcohol 160 30 5 PVA-PEG graft copolymer: Polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 (75:25), degree of hydrolysis 94 mol % Polyvinyl alcohol: Degree of hydrolysis 88 mol %, viscosity 4 mPas.
- tack was determined by the method of Hoessel (Cosmetics and Toiletries 111(8), 73 ff. (1996)), a figure of 5 describing high tack and a figure of 0 no tack. The lower the figure, the lower the tack.
- Polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers are generally relatively soft polymers, and for a variety of end uses harder coatings are advantageous.
- the combinations according to the invention lead to considerably increased tensile strengths and moduli of elasticity, but are nevertheless flexible. This effect is exhibited not only by polymers but also by low molecular mass substances such as sugars, sugar alcohols, glucose syrups or maltodextrins. It is also generally known that solids incorporated into film coatings weaken them.
- the opposite effect is found. The strength increases, as is evident from the examples with microcrystalline cellulose and highly disperse silica.
- PVA-PEG graft copolymer 9 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 12 Copolyvidone 5 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 14 Mannitol 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 17 Microcrystalline cellulose 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 12 Maltodextrin DE 17 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 6 24 Polyvinyl alcohol 4 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 19 Carrageenan 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 20 Highly disperse silica 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 26 Chitosan HCl 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 12 Alginate 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 13 Poloxamer 188 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 14 Ge
- the claimed combinations lead, surprisingly, to reduced viscosity of the spraying solution for a given solids content.
- atomization is improved, the danger of nozzle blockage and caking on the spraying nozzle is reduced, the spreading of the spraying solution on the tablet surface is enhanced, and the film coating is more uniform, smoother and shinier.
- the spraying rate can be increased markedly.
- the solids content of the spraying formulation can be further increased, so making the whole process quicker and more cost effective. Spraying suspensions with solids contents up to 50% by eight can be applied.
- the coating preparations of the invention adhere better to the product forms that are to be coated. This makes it possible in particular to coat very lipophilic surfaces, such as tablets, containing relatively high proportions of lipophilic active ingredients, wax or fats. Customary coating preparations fail in this respect, since the coating solution spreads poorly and adheres poorly.
- the film coatings are smooth and shiny even with a very high pigment and/or solids fraction.
- the engraving is beautifully reproduced. There are no instances of bridging or accumulation of solids in the engraving.
- the coated product forms possess an outstanding appearance.
- the oxygen permeability of the preparations of the invention is low, thereby enabling better protection for oxygen sensitive active substances in the core. As a result of reduced oxidative degradation, moreover, the stability of the dyes used is increased.
- the plasticizer may migrate into the core and alter the physical and chemical properties of the active substance, causing the film to become brittle and to tend toward cracking.
- the coating preparations of the invention may be prepared in a variety of ways.
- the time required for the preparation of the spraying suspension is shorter by method 2 than by method 1 and in general is shorter by methods 3 and 4 than by method 2.
- the more intimate the combination of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and the auxiliaries containing hydroxyl, amide or ester function the quicker the dissolution of these products.
- a powder prepared from polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and the auxiliaries containing hydroxyl, amide or ester function by spray drying dissolves more rapidly than the dry mixture.
- the best example of this is the combination with polyvinyl alcohol. Polyvinyl alcohol alone requires several days in water at room temperature until fully dissolved. A product prepared by joint spray drying dissolves within minutes.
- the premixes of the combinations according to the invention possess, generally, the advantage that they do not form lumps when added to and stirred into water and that they exhibit excellent pigment distribution and homogeneity.
- the premixes may be added to the initial water charge at a relatively quick rate.
- the spraying suspension can therefore be prepared more quickly, more simply, and using simple stirring tools.
- High speed stirrers with high shearing stress, which additionally incorporate air into the spraying suspension and cause foam, are unnecessary.
- solid or liquid defoamers may also be used.
- white premixes containing all of the constituents except for the dye, allows the user to formulate different colors when preparing the spraying suspension, by adding the respective dyes.
- a white premix can therefore be used for all coatings, so producing enormous cost advantages.
- the coatings of the invention may also be used for colorless, transparent coatings.
- the use of water insoluble constituents, especially the covering agents, is not practiced.
- the flexibility of such transparent coatings composed predominantly of the polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and at least one water soluble auxiliary containing hydroxyl, amide or ester function, makes them particularly suitable for the coating of deformable product forms, such as capsules.
- they may also be applied as a so-called topcoat to an existing coating film, so increasing smoothness and shine.
- Dissolution time for preparing a 20% strength by weight aqueous solution at room temperature using a paddle stirrer at 900 revolutions/min. Parts by weight Dissolution time Polyvinyl alcohol 48 h* Degree of hydrolysis 88 mol % Viscosity 4 mPas PVA-PEG graft copolymer 10 min PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 7 min Lactose 2 Dry mixture PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 11 min Polyvinyl alcohol 5 Spray dried product PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 6 min Copolyvidone 5 Dry mixture PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 5 min Copolyvidone 5 Spray dried product PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 4 min Microcrystalline cellulose 5 Dry mixture PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 7 min Mannitol 5 Granules *after 48 h, there is still an undissolved fraction of about 3% PVA-PEG graft copolymer:
- the film coating may be applied in any coating means suitable for solid pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agrochemical product forms, seed, dietary supplements, and foods, such as, for example, horizontal drum coaters, fluidized bed coaters, dip coaters, and coating pans.
- the incoming air temperature should be between 30-90° C., preferably between 40-80° C.
- the core may also carry a subcoating, which is generally applied in order to provide particular protection to the active substance—protection, for example, against water, oxygen, protons or chemicals in the coating, and also the contents of the stomach and gut.
- a subcoating which is generally applied in order to provide particular protection to the active substance—protection, for example, against water, oxygen, protons or chemicals in the coating, and also the contents of the stomach and gut.
- the coatings of the invention may also be applied in two or more layers which differ in their composition.
- a layer of a colorless coating may be applied over a colored coating.
- Active substances of all areas of indication can be used, both human and veterinary drugs, vitamins, carotenoids, nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, minerals, micronutrients, etc.
- the active substances may differ in their physicochemical properties such as lipophilicity, solubility, particle size, particle structure, surface area, etc.
- the product forms to be coated may be in the form of tablets, capsules, extrudates, pellets, granules, crystals, powders, seed or food forms.
- the film coating mixtures of the invention can be dissolved or dispersed very simply and rapidly in water, possess low viscosities, extremely high flexibilities, good strengths, low tack, and can be applied to solid product forms at a high spraying rate in high solids concentration.
- the coated product forms are very smooth, shiny, uniformly colored, disintegrate very rapidly, and are stable on storage.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene 35% glycol 6000 graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate 35% copolymer (copolyvidone)
- Talc 20% Titanium dioxide 5% Red iron oxide 5%
- the spraying suspension was applied in a horizontal drum coater (24′′ Accela-Cota) to 5 kg of propranolol tablets of the following composition: Propranolol-HCl 40 mg Ludipress ® (BASF AG) 1) 97.5 mg Copolyvidone 12.5 mg Microcrystalline cellulose 2) 97.5 mg Magnesium stearate 2.5 mg Total weight 250 mg
- Spraying Conditions Incoming air temperature 70° C. Outgoing air temperature 38° C. Spraying rate 50 g/min Spraying pressure 4 bar Application rate 634 g of spray dispersion, i.e., 190 g of solids Spraying time 13 min
- the coating was smooth, uniform, and homogeneous.
- the engraving was attractively reproduced, without smearing effects or bridging. No prolongation of the disintegration time or of active substance release as compared with the core was found.
- the fracture strength was 27 N higher than that of the core. In the course of 12 months' stability testing, no changes in the properties of the film coated tablets were found.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 30% (copolyvidone) Talc 20% Titanium dioxide 5% Yellow iron oxide 5% Preparation:
- the spraying suspension was applied in a horizontal drum coater (24′′ Accela-Cota) to 5 kg of propranolol tablets:
- Spraying Conditions Incoming air temperature 71° C. Outgoing air temperature 40° C. Spraying rate 55 g/min Spraying pressure 4 bar Application rate 543 g of spray dispersion, i.e., 190 g of solids Spray time 10 min
- the coating was smooth, uniform, and homogeneous.
- the engraving was attractively reproduced, without smearing effects or bridging. No prolongation of the disintegration time or of active substance release as compared with the core was found.
- the fracture strength was 25 N higher than that of the core. In the course of 12 months' stability testing, no changes in the properties of the film coated tablets were found.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, 27% viscosity: 4 mPas) Talc 24% Titanium dioxide 7% Indigotine lake 2% Preparation:
- a solution of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol having a solids content of 30% was subjected to spray drying. This powder was mixed with talc, titanium dioxide, and indigotine lake in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes to give a premix.
- the spraying suspension was prepared by stirring the premix into water by means of a paddle stirrer, so giving a spraying formulation having a solids content of 30%. Dissolution or dispersing was over after 15 minutes.
- the spraying suspension was of low viscosity and homogeneous.
- the spraying suspension was applied in a horizontal drum coater (24′′ Accela-Cota) to 5 kg of caffeine tablets of the following composition: Caffeine 50 mg Ludipress ® (BASF AG) 229 mg Microcrystalline cellulose 1) 40 mg Crospovidone 10 mg Magnesium stearate 1 mg Total weight 330 mg
- Spraying Conditions Incoming air temperature 70° C. Outgoing air temperature 41° C. Spraying rate 48 g/min Spraying pressure 4.5 bar Application rate 520 g of spray dispersion, i.e., 150 g of solids Spray time 11 min
- the coating was smooth, uniform, and homogeneous.
- the engraving was attractively reproduced, without smearing effects or bridging. No prolongation of the disintegration time or of active substance release as compared with the core was found.
- the fracture strength was 24 N higher than that of the core. In the course of 12 months' stability testing, no changes in the properties of the film coated tablets were found.
- Coating Composition 75 25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 60% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, 40% viscosity: 4 mPas) Preparation
- the spray dried powder of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol from example 3 was dissolved in water using a paddle stirrer so as to give a solids concentration of 24%. Dissolution was over after 15 minutes. This solution was sprayed onto soft gelatin capsules in a horizontal drum coater (24′′ Accela-Cota) at an incoming air temperature of 60° C.
- the soft gelatin capsules had a smooth, uniform, extremely flexible, quick dissolving coating which also withstood mechanical loads such as pressure and tension. No changes occurred during 12 months' storage.
- Coating Composition 80:20 polyvinyl alcohol-methylpolyethylene glycol 1500 55% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Mannitol 20% Talc 15% Titanium dioxide 6% Red iron oxide 3.5% Polydimethylsiloxane (dimethicone) 0.5% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 70:30 polyvinyl alcohol-polypropylene glycol graft 55% copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 97 mol %) Lactose 28.5% Talc 10% Titanium dioxide 5% Quinoline yellow lake 1.5% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 4000 55% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Microcrystalline cellulose 30% average particle size 20 ⁇ m Talc 6% Titanium dioxide 5% Red iron oxide 3.7% Sodium lauryl sulfate 0.3% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 71% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Highly disperse silica (Aerosil 200) 10% Talc 10% Titanium dioxide 6% Quinoline yellow lake 3% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 85:15 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 60% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 92 mol %) Maltodextrin DE value 17 20% Titanium dioxide 12% Red iron oxide 7.5% Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate 0.5% Preparation:
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 11 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 1.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 62% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Chitosan hydrochloride 8% Talc 15% Titanium dioxide 13% Dry betacarotene powder 2% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 1500 62% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Urea 15% Calcium hydrogen phosphate 15% Titanium dioxide 5% Yellow orange lake 3% Preparation:
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 27%. After just 12 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 1.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 62% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Isomalt 15% Calcium hydrogen phosphate 15% Talc 10% Titanium dioxide 5% Patent blue 3% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 62% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Carrageenan 15% Talc 15% Titanium dioxide 5% Quinoline yellow lake 3% Preparation:
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 24%. After just 15 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 3.
- Coating Composition 80:20 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 4000 55% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block 12% copolymer Poloxamer 188 Talc 20% Titanium dioxide 10% Azorubine lake 3% Preparation:
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 28% by weight. After just 13 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 3.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 92 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 30% Microcrystalline cellulose, average 20% particle size 20 ⁇ m Titanium dioxide 5% Brown iron oxide 5% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 15% (copolyvidone) Microcrystalline cellulose, average 10% particle size 20 ⁇ m Carrageenan 5% Talc 10% Calcium hydrogen phosphate 10% Titanium dioxide 5% Yellow iron oxide 5% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 51% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 15% (copolyvidone) Microcrystalline cellulose, average 10% particle size 20 ⁇ m Polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block 5% copolymer Poloxamer 407 Highly disperse silica, specific surface area 4% 200 m 2 /g Talc 8% Titanium dioxide 5% Red iron oxide 3% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 30% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 10% (copolyvidone) Microcrystalline cellulose, average 10% particle size 20 ⁇ m Polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block 4% copolymer Poloxamer 407 Highly disperse silica, specific 4% surface area 200 m 2 /g Talc 40% Patent blue 1.5% Sodium lauryl sulfate 0.5 Preparation:
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 7 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 3.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 30% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, 40% viscosity: 4 mPas) Microcrystalline cellulose, average 10% particle size 20 ⁇ m Polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block 5% copolymer Poloxamer 407 Highly disperse silica, specific surface area 5% 200 m 2 /g Talc 5% Titanium dioxide 5% Preparation:
- any desired dyes may be added to the spraying suspension.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, 30% viscosity: 4 mPas) Microcrystalline cellulose, average particle 10% size 20 ⁇ m Mannitol 5% Highly disperse silica, specific surface area 5% 200 m 2 /g Talc 5% Titanium dioxide 5% Preparation:
- a spray dried powder of polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 (75:25) graft copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, viscosity: 4 mPas) in a ratio of 4:3 was mixed with the other constituents in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- any desired dyes may be added to the spraying suspension.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 55% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, substitution 12% type 2910, viscosity of 2% strength by weight aqueous solution: 3 mPas Talc 20% Titanium dioxide 10% Azorubine lake 3% Preparation:
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 28%. After just 12 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 3.
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 50% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 1:2:1 butyl methacrylate-2-dimethylaminoethyl 10% methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer Citric acid 2.5% Microcrystalline cellulose, average particle size 20% 20 ⁇ m Sodium lauryl sulfate 0.5% Titanium dioxide 5% Talc 7% Brown iron oxide 5% Preparation:
- Coating Composition 75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 50% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Hydroxypropylcellulose, degree of substitution 15% 3.4-4.1, viscosity of 10% strength by weight aqueous solution: 300-600 mPas Talc 22% Titanium dioxide 10% Quinoline yellow lake 3% Preparation:
Abstract
A quick dissolving film coating composition for coating solid substrates is composed of a) 10-90% by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer (component A), b) 5-80% by weight of at least one further component containing at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amide and ester functions (component B), and c) 0-70% by weight of further customary coating constituents (components C).
Description
- The present invention relates to quick dissolving film coatings for coating solid substrates such as pharmaceutical, cosmetic or agrochemical product forms, seed, dietary supplements, and foods, said coatings being composed of at least one polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer (component A), at least one component containing hydroxyl, amide or ester functions (component B), and, optionally, further customary coating constituents (components C). The invention further relates to processes for producing dry coating premixes and aqueous coating solutions and suspensions, and applying them to solid product forms.
- Solid product forms are provided with a quick dissolving coating for any of a host of different reasons. By so coating them it is possible, for example, to improve the appearance, distinctiveness, and swallowability, to mask a bitter taste, or to protect the product form against external influences such as humidity or oxygen, for example. Since the film coating is intended to dissolve rapidly in various aqueous media and also in synthetic gastric fluid and intestinal fluid, the prime constituent of the coating preparation must be a water soluble film forming polymer. Film forming polymers used for coating tablets include primarily hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and hydroxypropylcellulose, but these have serious disadvantages. First, the viscosity of these polymers in water is very high and permits a concentration of only up to about 10%, since at higher concentrations the high viscosity no longer permits fine atomization in the spray nozzle, and the coating becomes rough, inhomogeneous, and unattractive. Secondly, these polymers are very brittle and frequently suffer cracks during storage, especially when the core changes in volume due to absorption or release of moisture.
- Polyvinyl alcohol is another known film former, but is seldom used owing to a variety of disadvantages. The use of polyvinyl alcohol preparations further including plasticizer and talc is described in WO 01/04195. Disadvantageous features of these preparations include their slow dissolving during preparation of the aqueous coating solution, high viscosity, low concentration in the spraying solution, the use of plasticizers, and the slow dissolution rate of the film coating, particularly after storage, and also the embrittlement of the film coating after storage, which is accompanied by instances of cracking.
- The use of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers as coating agents or binders in pharmaceutical product forms or as packaging material or else as additives to cosmetic, dermatological or hygiene preparations is known, for example, from WO 00/18375. Described by way of example is a formula for a film coating composition which is composed of a polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and the customary coating constituents for coloring and covering, namely iron oxide, talc, and titanium dioxide. Although flexible, a coating of this kind is relatively soft and shows signs of abrasion if acted on by shear forces. This is particularly significant in the case of very large coating batches, since in that case the high pressure occasioned by the charge size of the tablets in conjunction with the rolling movement of the tablets in the drum generates correspondingly high shear forces. Since many drugs and some excipients as well are very lipophilic, adhesion of the coatings to the tablet surface is frequently poor. Moreover, the smoothness and shine of such coating preparations are unsatisfactory.
- It is an object of the present invention to develop a film coating which can be dissolved or suspended very quickly and easily in water, resulting in a very short preparation time for the spraying formulation, which can be sprayed at a high rate and in high polymer and solids concentrations without blockage of the spraying nozzle, which spreads very well on the surface, which is flexible and exhibits no cracking whatsoever during storage, which is nontacky, which adheres well to all surfaces, exhibits excellent smoothness and shine, which is very stable with respect to mechanical loading, and which dissolves very quickly.
- The film coating compositions of the invention are composed of:
- a) 10-90% by weight, preferably 20-80% by weight, of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers (components A)
- b) 5-80% by weight, preferably 10-70% by weight, of auxiliaries containing hydroxyl, amide or ester function
- c) and 0-70%, preferably 5-60%, of further customary adjuvants for film coatings.
- By polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers are meant polymers obtainable by polymerizing
- a) at least one vinyl ester of aliphatic C1-C24 carboxylic acids, preferably vinyl acetate, in the presence of
- b) polyethers of the formula I
R1—O—(R2—O)x—(R3—O)y—(R4—O)z—R5 I - c) in which the variables independently of one another have the following meanings:
- R1 is hydrogen, C1-C24 alkyl, R6—C(═O)—, polyalcohol residue;
- preferably R1 is H or CH3
- R5 is hydrogen, C1-C24 alkyl, R6—C(═O)—;
- preferably R5 is H
- R2 to R4
- are —(CH2)2—, —(CH2)3—, —(CH2)4—, —CH2—CH(CH3)—, —CH2—CH(CH2—CH3)—, —CH2—CHOR7—CH2—;
- preferably R2 to R4 are —(CH2)2—, —CH2—CH(CH3)— with very particular preference R2 to R4 are —(CH2)2—
- R6 is C1-C24 alkyl;
- R7 is hydrogen, C1-C24 alkyl or R6−C(═O)—;
- x is from 1 to 5 000;
- preferably x is from 10 to 2 000;
- with very particular preference x is from 20 to 500
- y is from 0 to 5 000;
- preferably y is 0
- z is from 0 to 5 000;
- preferably z is 0,
- with the proviso that x>10 if y and z=0,
and subsequently hydrolyzing some or all of the polyvinyl ester groups. - x, y, z:
- the calculation of the molecular weight of the polyether from x, y, and z gives an average value, since such products normally possess a broad distribution of molar weight.
- R1 is hydrogen, C1-C24 alkyl, R6—C(═O)—, polyalcohol residue;
- Preference is given to polyethers having an average molar weight of between 400 and 50 000 g/mol, with particular preference from 1 500 to 20 000 g/mol.
- The preparation of such graft copolymers is conventional.
- DE 1 077 430 describes a process for preparing graft polymers of vinyl esters on polyalkylene glycols.
- DE 1 094 457 and DE 1 081 229 describe processes for preparing graft polymers of polyvinyl alcohol on polyalkylene glycols by hydrolyzing the vinyl esters, and their use as protective colloids, water soluble packaging films, as sizes and finishes for textiles, and in cosmetology.
- Preference is given to polymers having a degree of hydrolysis of the
- polyvinyl ester groups of >70 mol %,
- with particular preference >80 mol %, and
- with very particular preference >85 mol %.
- Particular preference is given to a polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer in which
- a) vinyl acetate was used as the monomer to be grafted,
- b) the variables have the following meanings:
- R1=H
- R2-R4=—(CH2)2—
- R5=H
- x=from 20 to 500
- y=0
- z=0
- and thus represent a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of from 6 000
- c) the degree of hydrolysis of the ester groups is >85 mol %, and
- d) the mass-ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol moieties to the polyethylene glycol 6000 moieties is 75:25.
- The film coating compositions further comprise as components B components which contain at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amide and ester functions. Both polymers and low molecular mass organic compounds can be used as components B. In accordance with the invention, low molecular mass means that the organic compound in question has up to 20 carbon atoms.
- These products are generally water soluble, which for the purposes of this invention means that ≧1 g dissolve at 25° C. in 100 ml of water. Water soluble may also mean that the products dissolve as a function of pH. Preferably, more than 5 g dissolve in 100 ml; with particular preference, more than 20 g dissolve in 100 ml. However, the products may also be water swellable.
- Polymers containing hydroxyl, amide or ester functions that are used include:
- polyvinyl alcohols, polysaccharides, celluloses, starches, polylactides, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols or polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol block copolymers, including their derivatives;
- polyvinylpyrrolidones, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers;
- vinylpyrrolidone-methacrylate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone-acrylate copolymers;
- (meth)acrylate copolymers, hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate copolymers as described, for example, in DE 10049297, polyvinyl acetates; and
- gelatin.
- Preferred compounds are:
- water soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohols having a degree of hydrolysis of 80-99%, 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (copolyvidone), polyvinylpyrrolidones having a K value of 12-90, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose,
- methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, amylose, maltodextrins, glucose syrups, cyclodextrins, dextrans, inulin, polyfructose, polydextrose, alginates, including propylene glycol alginates, pectins, carrageenans, guar, tara, xanthans, and gum arabic,
- polymers which dissolve as a function of pH, such as 1:2:1 butyl methacrylate-2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer, 1:1 methacrylic acid-ethyl acrylate copolymer, and chitosans, including their water soluble salts,
- water swellable polymers such as ethylcellulose, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, and cellulose, especially microcrystalline cellulose.
- Low molecular mass organic compounds used include:
- sugar, sugar alcohols or derivatives thereof; urea.
- Preferred compounds are:
- lactose, sucrose, glucose, xylose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, isomalt (Palatinit®).
- As component B it is also possible to use highly disperse silica having a specific surface area ≧100 m2/g.
- The film coatings may further comprise as components C additional auxiliaries such as are customary coating constituents. Further customary coating constituents include:
- Coloring components:
- color pigments and dyes in water soluble or water insoluble form, e.g., quinoline yellow lake, tartrazine lake, yellow orange lake, FD&C yellow aluminum lake, cochenille red lake, erythrosine lake, azorubine lake, indigotine lake, erythrosine, brillant black, patent blue, brilliant blue, cochenille red, yellow orange, amaranth, FD&C blue No. 1, indigotine, beta-carotene
- white pigments for increasing the hiding power of the coating, e.g., titanium dioxide, talc; color pigments such as iron oxides, for example
- detackifiers, e.g:, talc, magnesium stearate, glycerol monostearate
- fillers such as calcium hydrogen phosphates, for example
- foam inhibitors or destroyers such as silicone, simethicone, octanol, for example
- shine enhancers, e.g., waxes, fatty alcohol derivatives or fatty acid derivatives, polyethylene glycols
- surfactants for improving the wetting behavior and spreading, e.g., sodium lauryl sulfate, sorbitan fatty acid esters or ethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esters, ethoxylated esters of hydrogenated castor oil or ethoxylated fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylene glycerol ricinolate-35 or polyoxyethylene glycerol trihydroxystearate-40, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
- pH regulators and buffers such as sodium citrate, citric acid, phosphate buffers, acetate buffers, for example
- plasticizers
- protective colloids.
- The combinations according to the invention produce unenvisaged and surprising product properties and film properties.
- Where, for example, the polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers of the invention are combined with polyvinyl alcohols, synergistic effects are found in as much as at certain proportions the elongation at break, which characterizes the flexibility of the films, is higher than that of the individual components. This phenomenon occurs not only at moderate and high humidities such as, for example, 54% RH (relative humidity) but also at low humidities such as, for example, 11% RH. Another unforeseeable was that the flexibility of the preparations of the invention is constant even on storage. Indeed, polyvinyl alcohol is known for its dramatic embrittlement over time and drop in flexibility to virtually zero. Apparently, the polyvinyl alcohol molecules become ordered in a particular way during storage to produce a kind of crystalline state which is of low flexibility and fractures easily. As a result of the combination with polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers, this structure is broken and the films retain their flexibility even on storage.
Elongation at break at Tack Parts by weight 23°/54% RH [%] at 30°/75% RH PVA-PEG graft copolymer 102 1.25 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 80 169 1 Polyvinyl alcohol 20 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 60 213 0.75 Polyvinyl alcohol 40 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 40 195 0.50 Polyvinyl alcohol 60 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 20 167 0.75 Polyvinyl alcohol 80 Polyvinyl alcohol 160 1
PVA-PEG graft copolymer: Polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 (75:25), degree of hydrolysis 94 mol % (polyethylene glycol 6000 means that a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 6 000 was used as polyether b) of the formula I).
Polyvinyl alcohol: Degree of hydrolysis 88 mol %, viscosity 4 mPas (of a 4% strength solution at 20° C., DIN 53015)
-
Elongation Elongation at break Elongation at break after at break after storage storage after at 23° C. for at 23° C. for preparation 6 months 12 months Parts by weight [%] [%] [%] PVA-PEG graft 60 213 205 202 copolymer Polyvinyl alcohol 40 Polyvinyl alcohol 160 30 5
PVA-PEG graft copolymer: Polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 (75:25), degree of hydrolysis 94 mol %
Polyvinyl alcohol: Degree of hydrolysis 88 mol %, viscosity 4 mPas.
- A similar picture with a synergistic effect is found with the tack as well, since certain combinations exhibit lower tack than the individual components. The tack was determined by the method of Hoessel (Cosmetics and Toiletries 111(8), 73 ff. (1996)), a figure of 5 describing high tack and a figure of 0 no tack. The lower the figure, the lower the tack.
- When the polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers of the invention are combined with polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyvinyl acetate copolymers, similar particularities arise. Here again the extensibility of the combinations is higher than that of the individual components or higher than the sum of the proportionate values. This is all the more surprising since copolyvidone alone is very brittle and inextensible.
Elongation at break Parts by weight at 23°/54% RH [%] PVA-PEG graft copolymer 99 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 7.5 114 Copolyvidone 2.5 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 6 119 Copolyvidone 4 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 137 Copolyvidone 5 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 3 40 Copolyvidone 7 Copolyvidone 0
PVA-PEG graft copolymer: Polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 (75:25), degree of hydrolysis 94 mol %
Copolyvidone: 6:4 polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyvinyl acetate copolymer
- Polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers are generally relatively soft polymers, and for a variety of end uses harder coatings are advantageous. The combinations according to the invention lead to considerably increased tensile strengths and moduli of elasticity, but are nevertheless flexible. This effect is exhibited not only by polymers but also by low molecular mass substances such as sugars, sugar alcohols, glucose syrups or maltodextrins. It is also generally known that solids incorporated into film coatings weaken them. Surprisingly, in the case of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers, the opposite effect is found. The strength increases, as is evident from the examples with microcrystalline cellulose and highly disperse silica.
Tensile strength at Parts by weight 23° C./54% RH [N/mm2] PVA-PEG graft copolymer 9 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 12 Copolyvidone 5 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 14 Mannitol 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 17 Microcrystalline cellulose 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 12 Maltodextrin DE 17 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 6 24 Polyvinyl alcohol 4 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 19 Carrageenan 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 20 Highly disperse silica 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 26 Chitosan HCl 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 12 Alginate 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 13 Poloxamer 188 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 14 Gelatin 100 bloom 2
PVA-PEG graft copolymer: Polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 (75:25), degree of hydrolysis 94 mol %
Tensile strength measurement: on 100 μm thick polymer films (cast from aqueous solution)
- In many cases the claimed combinations lead, surprisingly, to reduced viscosity of the spraying solution for a given solids content. As a result, atomization is improved, the danger of nozzle blockage and caking on the spraying nozzle is reduced, the spreading of the spraying solution on the tablet surface is enhanced, and the film coating is more uniform, smoother and shinier. The spraying rate can be increased markedly. Moreover, the solids content of the spraying formulation can be further increased, so making the whole process quicker and more cost effective. Spraying suspensions with solids contents up to 50% by eight can be applied.
Viscosity of a 20% Parts by weight strength solution [mPas] PVA-PEG graft copolymer 95 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 60 Copolyvidone 5 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 65 Microcrystalline cellulose 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 61 Maltodextrin DE 17 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 76 Poloxamer 188 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 69 Urea 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 69 Isomalt 2 PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 58 Lactose 2
PVA-PEG graft copolymer: Polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 (75:25), degree of hydrolysis 94 mol %
- The coating preparations of the invention adhere better to the product forms that are to be coated. This makes it possible in particular to coat very lipophilic surfaces, such as tablets, containing relatively high proportions of lipophilic active ingredients, wax or fats. Customary coating preparations fail in this respect, since the coating solution spreads poorly and adheres poorly.
- The excellent wetting properties are also evident in the outstanding color homogeneity of the coating. Even with thin coatings and at high solids concentrations there are none of the “nests” of color attributable to a local high colorant concentration.
- The film coatings are smooth and shiny even with a very high pigment and/or solids fraction. The engraving is beautifully reproduced. There are no instances of bridging or accumulation of solids in the engraving. The coated product forms possess an outstanding appearance.
- The oxygen permeability of the preparations of the invention is low, thereby enabling better protection for oxygen sensitive active substances in the core. As a result of reduced oxidative degradation, moreover, the stability of the dyes used is increased.
- It should be stressed again at this point that the preparations of the invention do not require any plasticizer at all. Freedom from plasticizer is a massive advantage, since plasticizers often lead to problems during the storage of coated forms.
- For instance, the plasticizer may migrate into the core and alter the physical and chemical properties of the active substance, causing the film to become brittle and to tend toward cracking. The majority of plasticizers, moreover, possess a certain degree of volatility, which again leads to embrittlement. All of these disadvantages are absent from the coatings of the invention.
- The coating preparations of the invention may be prepared in a variety of ways.
- 1. In preparing the spraying solution the individual components are introduced in succession into water with stirring, the order being variable. Normally, the insoluble coating constituents (pigments, covering agents) are added only after the solubles have dissolved. However, the preparations of the invention may also be added directly in succession, without waiting for the soluble constituents to dissolve. The disadvantage in this case is that a large number of individual weighing steps are needed for each spray batch. Customary coating preparations require a step of deagglomeration or homogenization by means of an Ultra-Turrax, high-pressure homogenizer or corundum disk mill. With the coating preparations of the invention this time consuming process step is generally no longer necessary. Excellent homogeneity and dispersibility of the preparation are brought about just by simple stirring. The polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers surprisingly accelerate the dissolution of the auxiliaries with hydroxyl, amide or ester structure and ensure rapid and homogeneous dispersing of the solids that are used.
- 2. But it is also possible to dry mix the individual components to produce what is known as a premix, requiring only one weighing step for the user. Alternatively, the premix may also be prepared by a variety of granulation methods such as dry granulation, compacting, wet granulation, fluidized bed granulation or melt granulation, for example. These products have excellent redispersibility, again without the use of high shear machines. Redispersing is effected by stirring the entire preparation into water, using a conventional stirrer. The dissolution and redispersing time is even shorter than under 1.
- 3. By means of a drying process such as spray drying, roller drying or fluidized bed drying, for example, first of all a homogeneous powder or granules are produced from an aqueous solution or dispersion of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and the auxiliaries containing hydroxyl, amide or ester function. Said powder or granules may be processed further either by method 1 or by method 2. Particularly advantageous in this context is the preparation of a premix by dry mixing with the other coating constituents, since this premix requires only an extremely short time for redispersing.
- 4. A drying process as in 3. is used to convert all of the ingredients except for the color pigment into a powder or granules (white premix) which possesses outstanding redispersibility and shows no separation tendencies whatsoever. The color pigment can be incorporated by dry admixing or by the methods specified under 2. Alternatively, the color pigment may not be stirred into the spraying suspension, together with the white premix, until during the preparation of said suspension.
- 5. A dry mixing method or a granulation method as in 2. is used to convert all of the ingredients except for the color pigment into a powder or granules (white premix) which possesses very good redispersibility and stability on storage. The color pigment may be stirred in together with the white premix only during the preparation of the spraying suspension, or may be stirred in separately before or after the white premix. This makes it possible for users to formulate their own different colors. The excellent wetting properties of the white premix ensure uniform color distribution.
- The time required for the preparation of the spraying suspension is shorter by method 2 than by method 1 and in general is shorter by methods 3 and 4 than by method 2. The more intimate the combination of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and the auxiliaries containing hydroxyl, amide or ester function, the quicker the dissolution of these products. Accordingly, a powder prepared from polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and the auxiliaries containing hydroxyl, amide or ester function by spray drying dissolves more rapidly than the dry mixture. The best example of this is the combination with polyvinyl alcohol. Polyvinyl alcohol alone requires several days in water at room temperature until fully dissolved. A product prepared by joint spray drying dissolves within minutes.
- The premixes of the combinations according to the invention possess, generally, the advantage that they do not form lumps when added to and stirred into water and that they exhibit excellent pigment distribution and homogeneity. The premixes may be added to the initial water charge at a relatively quick rate. The spraying suspension can therefore be prepared more quickly, more simply, and using simple stirring tools. High speed stirrers with high shearing stress, which additionally incorporate air into the spraying suspension and cause foam, are unnecessary. Where appropriate, solid or liquid defoamers may also be used.
- The preparation of what are known as white premixes, containing all of the constituents except for the dye, allows the user to formulate different colors when preparing the spraying suspension, by adding the respective dyes. A white premix can therefore be used for all coatings, so producing enormous cost advantages.
- It is of course clear that the white premix can be used without further additions in order to produce white film coatings.
- Furthermore, the coatings of the invention may also be used for colorless, transparent coatings. In this case the use of water insoluble constituents, especially the covering agents, is not practiced. The flexibility of such transparent coatings, composed predominantly of the polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and at least one water soluble auxiliary containing hydroxyl, amide or ester function, makes them particularly suitable for the coating of deformable product forms, such as capsules. However, they may also be applied as a so-called topcoat to an existing coating film, so increasing smoothness and shine.
- Dissolution time for preparing a 20% strength by weight aqueous solution at room temperature using a paddle stirrer at 900 revolutions/min.
Parts by weight Dissolution time Polyvinyl alcohol 48 h* Degree of hydrolysis 88 mol % Viscosity 4 mPas PVA-PEG graft copolymer 10 min PVA-PEG graft copolymer 8 7 min Lactose 2 Dry mixture PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 11 min Polyvinyl alcohol 5 Spray dried product PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 6 min Copolyvidone 5 Dry mixture PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 5 min Copolyvidone 5 Spray dried product PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 4 min Microcrystalline cellulose 5 Dry mixture PVA-PEG graft copolymer 5 7 min Mannitol 5 Granules
*after 48 h, there is still an undissolved fraction of about 3%
PVA-PEG graft copolymer: Polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 (75:25), degree of hydrolysis 94 mol %
- The film coating may be applied in any coating means suitable for solid pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agrochemical product forms, seed, dietary supplements, and foods, such as, for example, horizontal drum coaters, fluidized bed coaters, dip coaters, and coating pans.
- For the atomization of the coating preparation it is preferred to use a two-fluid nozzle. The incoming air temperature should be between 30-90° C., preferably between 40-80° C.
- In principle it is possible to coat all forms of core with domed, convex or concave surface, irrespective of whether the forms are circular, polygonal, oblong or football shaped.
- As a result of the low viscosities and excellent wetting and spreading properties, an unparalleled lining of the engraving is achieved. No bridge effects or smear effects occur in the engraving.
- The core may also carry a subcoating, which is generally applied in order to provide particular protection to the active substance—protection, for example, against water, oxygen, protons or chemicals in the coating, and also the contents of the stomach and gut.
- The coatings of the invention may also be applied in two or more layers which differ in their composition. For example, a layer of a colorless coating may be applied over a colored coating.
- As far as the active substances are concerned, there are no restrictions for the product forms of the invention. Active substances of all areas of indication can be used, both human and veterinary drugs, vitamins, carotenoids, nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, minerals, micronutrients, etc. The active substances may differ in their physicochemical properties such as lipophilicity, solubility, particle size, particle structure, surface area, etc.
- The product forms to be coated may be in the form of tablets, capsules, extrudates, pellets, granules, crystals, powders, seed or food forms.
- The combination of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers with auxiliaries which carry one or more hydroxyl, amide or ester functions leads surprisingly to considerably enhanced coating properties.
- The film coating mixtures of the invention can be dissolved or dispersed very simply and rapidly in water, possess low viscosities, extremely high flexibilities, good strengths, low tack, and can be applied to solid product forms at a high spraying rate in high solids concentration. The coated product forms are very smooth, shiny, uniformly colored, disintegrate very rapidly, and are stable on storage.
- Unless otherwise indicated, percentages are by weight.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene 35% glycol 6000 graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate 35% copolymer (copolyvidone) Talc 20% Titanium dioxide 5% Red iron oxide 5%
Preparation: - All of the constituents were stirred into water in the order indicated above, one directly after the other, using a paddle stirrer, so giving a spraying formulation having a solids content of 30%. Dissolution or dispersing was over after 17 minutes. The spraying suspension was of low viscosity and homogeneous.
- The spraying suspension was applied in a horizontal drum coater (24″ Accela-Cota) to 5 kg of propranolol tablets of the following composition:
Propranolol-HCl 40 mg Ludipress ® (BASF AG)1) 97.5 mg Copolyvidone 12.5 mg Microcrystalline cellulose2) 97.5 mg Magnesium stearate 2.5 mg Total weight 250 mg - Diameter: 9 mm, domed
- 1) Formulated product of 93% by weight lactose, 3.5% by weight povidone and 3.5% by weight crospovidone
- 2) Average particle size: 100 μm
- Spraying Conditions:
Incoming air temperature 70° C. Outgoing air temperature 38° C. Spraying rate 50 g/min Spraying pressure 4 bar Application rate 634 g of spray dispersion, i.e., 190 g of solids Spraying time 13 min - Properties of Film Coated Tablets:
Fracture resistance 120 N Friability 0% Disintegration time 5:25 (min:s) Release 20 min: 100% - The coating was smooth, uniform, and homogeneous. The engraving was attractively reproduced, without smearing effects or bridging. No prolongation of the disintegration time or of active substance release as compared with the core was found. The fracture strength was 27 N higher than that of the core. In the course of 12 months' stability testing, no changes in the properties of the film coated tablets were found.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 30% (copolyvidone) Talc 20% Titanium dioxide 5% Yellow iron oxide 5%
Preparation: - All of the constituents were mixed for 10 minutes in a Turbula mixer. This premix was stirred into water, using a paddle stirrer, so giving a spraying formulation having a solids content of 35%. Dissolution or dispersing was over after 13 minutes. The spraying suspension was of low viscosity and homogeneous.
- The spraying suspension was applied in a horizontal drum coater (24″ Accela-Cota) to 5 kg of propranolol tablets:
- Spraying Conditions:
Incoming air temperature 71° C. Outgoing air temperature 40° C. Spraying rate 55 g/min Spraying pressure 4 bar Application rate 543 g of spray dispersion, i.e., 190 g of solids Spray time 10 min - Properties of Film Coated Tablets:
Fracture resistance 118 N Friability 0% Disintegration time 5:15 (min:s) Release 20 min: 100% - The coating was smooth, uniform, and homogeneous. The engraving was attractively reproduced, without smearing effects or bridging. No prolongation of the disintegration time or of active substance release as compared with the core was found. The fracture strength was 25 N higher than that of the core. In the course of 12 months' stability testing, no changes in the properties of the film coated tablets were found.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, 27% viscosity: 4 mPas) Talc 24% Titanium dioxide 7% Indigotine lake 2%
Preparation: - A solution of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol having a solids content of 30% was subjected to spray drying. This powder was mixed with talc, titanium dioxide, and indigotine lake in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes to give a premix.
- The spraying suspension was prepared by stirring the premix into water by means of a paddle stirrer, so giving a spraying formulation having a solids content of 30%. Dissolution or dispersing was over after 15 minutes. The spraying suspension was of low viscosity and homogeneous.
- The spraying suspension was applied in a horizontal drum coater (24″ Accela-Cota) to 5 kg of caffeine tablets of the following composition:
Caffeine 50 mg Ludipress ® (BASF AG) 229 mg Microcrystalline cellulose1) 40 mg Crospovidone 10 mg Magnesium stearate 1 mg Total weight 330 mg - Diameter: 9 mm, domed
- 1) Average particle size: 100 μm
- Spraying Conditions:
Incoming air temperature 70° C. Outgoing air temperature 41° C. Spraying rate 48 g/min Spraying pressure 4.5 bar Application rate 520 g of spray dispersion, i.e., 150 g of solids Spray time 11 min - Properties of Film Coated Tablets:
Fracture resistance 131 N Friability 0% Disintegration time 0:48 (min:s) Release 20 min: 100% - The coating was smooth, uniform, and homogeneous. The engraving was attractively reproduced, without smearing effects or bridging. No prolongation of the disintegration time or of active substance release as compared with the core was found. The fracture strength was 24 N higher than that of the core. In the course of 12 months' stability testing, no changes in the properties of the film coated tablets were found.
- Coating Composition
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 60% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, 40% viscosity: 4 mPas)
Preparation - The spray dried powder of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol from example 3 was dissolved in water using a paddle stirrer so as to give a solids concentration of 24%. Dissolution was over after 15 minutes. This solution was sprayed onto soft gelatin capsules in a horizontal drum coater (24″ Accela-Cota) at an incoming air temperature of 60° C.
- The soft gelatin capsules had a smooth, uniform, extremely flexible, quick dissolving coating which also withstood mechanical loads such as pressure and tension. No changes occurred during 12 months' storage.
- Coating Composition:
80:20 polyvinyl alcohol-methylpolyethylene glycol 1500 55% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Mannitol 20% Talc 15% Titanium dioxide 6% Red iron oxide 3.5% Polydimethylsiloxane (dimethicone) 0.5%
Preparation: - All of the constituents were granulated in a Glatt fluidized bed granulator at an incoming air temperature of 70° C. by spraying in 30% (based on the overall mixture) of water.
- These premix granules were stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 30%. After just 10 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 1.
- Coating Composition:
70:30 polyvinyl alcohol-polypropylene glycol graft 55% copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 97 mol %) Lactose 28.5% Talc 10% Titanium dioxide 5% Quinoline yellow lake 1.5%
Preparation: - All of the constituents were sprayed in a Stephan mixer with 15% (based on the overall mixture) of water, passed through a sieve with a mesh size of 1.0 mm, and dried.
- These premix granules were stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 35%. After just 10 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 2.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 4000 55% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Microcrystalline cellulose 30% average particle size 20 μm Talc 6% Titanium dioxide 5% Red iron oxide 3.7% Sodium lauryl sulfate 0.3%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 40%. After just 16 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 3.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 71% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Highly disperse silica (Aerosil 200) 10% Talc 10% Titanium dioxide 6% Quinoline yellow lake 3%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 10 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 3.
- Coating Composition:
85:15 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 60% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 92 mol %) Maltodextrin DE value 17 20% Titanium dioxide 12% Red iron oxide 7.5% Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate 0.5%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes, compacted on a roll compactor (Bepex), and pressed through a sieve with a mesh size of 1.5 mm.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 11 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 1.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 62% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Chitosan hydrochloride 8% Talc 15% Titanium dioxide 13% Dry betacarotene powder 2%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 13 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 1.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 1500 62% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Urea 15% Calcium hydrogen phosphate 15% Titanium dioxide 5% Yellow orange lake 3%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 27%. After just 12 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 1.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 62% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Isomalt 15% Calcium hydrogen phosphate 15% Talc 10% Titanium dioxide 5% Patent blue 3%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 11 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 1.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 62% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Carrageenan 15% Talc 15% Titanium dioxide 5% Quinoline yellow lake 3%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 24%. After just 15 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 3.
- Coating Composition:
80:20 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 4000 55% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block 12% copolymer Poloxamer 188 Talc 20% Titanium dioxide 10% Azorubine lake 3%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 28% by weight. After just 13 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 3.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 92 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 30% Microcrystalline cellulose, average 20% particle size 20 μm Titanium dioxide 5% Brown iron oxide 5%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 32%. After just 13 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 1.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 15% (copolyvidone) Microcrystalline cellulose, average 10% particle size 20 μm Carrageenan 5% Talc 10% Calcium hydrogen phosphate 10% Titanium dioxide 5% Yellow iron oxide 5%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 37%. After just 15 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 1.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 51% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 15% (copolyvidone) Microcrystalline cellulose, average 10% particle size 20 μm Polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block 5% copolymer Poloxamer 407 Highly disperse silica, specific surface area 4% 200 m2/g Talc 8% Titanium dioxide 5% Red iron oxide 3%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 8 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 3.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 30% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 6:4 vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer 10% (copolyvidone) Microcrystalline cellulose, average 10% particle size 20 μm Polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block 4% copolymer Poloxamer 407 Highly disperse silica, specific 4% surface area 200 m2/g Talc 40% Patent blue 1.5% Sodium lauryl sulfate 0.5
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 7 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 3.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 30% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, 40% viscosity: 4 mPas) Microcrystalline cellulose, average 10% particle size 20 μm Polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block 5% copolymer Poloxamer 407 Highly disperse silica, specific surface area 5% 200 m2/g Talc 5% Titanium dioxide 5%
Preparation: - All constituents were spray dried from 25% solution.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 10 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 1.
- In order to apply colored coatings, any desired dyes may be added to the spraying suspension.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 40% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) Polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, 30% viscosity: 4 mPas) Microcrystalline cellulose, average particle 10% size 20 μm Mannitol 5% Highly disperse silica, specific surface area 5% 200 m2/g Talc 5% Titanium dioxide 5%
Preparation: - A spray dried powder of polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 (75:25) graft copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol (degree of hydrolysis: 88 mol %, viscosity: 4 mPas) in a ratio of 4:3 was mixed with the other constituents in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 25%. After just 11 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 1.
- In order to apply colored coatings, any desired dyes may be added to the spraying suspension.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 55% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, substitution 12% type 2910, viscosity of 2% strength by weight aqueous solution: 3 mPas Talc 20% Titanium dioxide 10% Azorubine lake 3%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 28%. After just 12 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and example 3.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 50% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 94 mol %) 1:2:1 butyl methacrylate-2-dimethylaminoethyl 10% methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer Citric acid 2.5% Microcrystalline cellulose, average particle size 20% 20 μm Sodium lauryl sulfate 0.5% Titanium dioxide 5% Talc 7% Brown iron oxide 5%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 28%. After just 11 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 1.
- Coating Composition:
75:25 polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol 6000 50% graft copolymer (degree of hydrolysis: 96 mol %) Hydroxypropylcellulose, degree of substitution 15% 3.4-4.1, viscosity of 10% strength by weight aqueous solution: 300-600 mPas Talc 22% Titanium dioxide 10% Quinoline yellow lake 3%
Preparation: - All constituents were mixed in a Turbula mixer for 10 minutes.
- This premix was stirred into water using a paddle stirrer to produce a spraying suspension having a solids content of 28%. After just 12 minutes the preparation was fully redispersed and ready for use. Application to the tablets took place as in example 3.
Claims (28)
1. A quick dissolving film coating composition for coating solid substrates, composed of
a) 10-90% by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer (component A),
b) 5-80% by weight of at least one further component containing at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amide and ester functions (component B), and
c) 0-70% by weight of further customary coating constituents (components C).
2. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is a polymer.
3. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is a sugar, a sugar alcohol, or a derivative thereof.
4. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is a highly disperse silica having a specific surface area ≧100 m2/g.
5. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohols, polysaccharides, celluloses, starches, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidones, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone-methacrylate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone-acrylate copolymers, (meth)acrylate copolymers, hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate copolymers, polyvinyl acetates, polylactides, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol block copolymers, and derivatives thereof.
6. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is a compound selected from the group consisting of lactose, sucrose, glucose, xylose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol and isomalt.
7. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is a polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis of between 80 and 99 mol %.
8. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, cellulose, and microcrystalline cellulose.
9. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is selected from the group consisting of alginates, including propylene glycol alginates, carrageenans, pectins, guar, tara, xanthans, gum arabic, chitosans, and salts thereof.
10. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B is selected from the group consisting of N-vinylpyrrolidone homopolymers, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinyl acetate, and N-vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers.
11. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B comprises vinylpyrrolidone-acrylate copolymers or vinylpyrrolidone-methacrylate copolymers.
12. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B comprises (meth)acrylate copolymers or hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate copolymers.
13. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B comprises a 1:2:1 butyl methacrylate-2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer, a methacrylic acid-methyl methacrylate copolymer, a 1:1 methacrylic acid-ethyl acrylate copolymer or a salt thereof.
14. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B comprises starch, starch derivatives, starch hydrolyzates, amylose, cyclodextrins, maltodextrins, glucose syrups, dextrans, inulin, polydextrose or polyfructose.
15. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , of claims 1 to 14 , wherein component B comprises lactose, glucose, xylose or sucrose.
16. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B comprises isomalt.
17. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B comprises mannitol, sorbitol or xylitol.
18. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B comprises urea.
19. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein component B comprises a highly disperse silica having a specific surface area ≧100 m2/g.
20. A composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein components C comprise dyes, lakes, pigments, detackifiers, fillers, shine enhancers, wetting agents, surfactants, foam preventatives, protective colloids, buffer substances, pH regulators, and plasticizers.
21. A process for producing coated substrates, which comprises stirring a film coating composition as claimed in claim 1 into water and applying it to the substrate by means of an appropriate spraying means, the film coating being dried gradually by supplying heated air.
22. A process as claimed in claim 21 , wherein before adding it to water said composition is either dry mixed or compacted or granulated and is introduced as a premix into water.
23. A process as claimed in claim 21 , wherein components A and B and also components C minus the coloring components are dry mixed or compacted or granulated and that preparation is stirred into water before or together with the coloring components.
24. A process as claimed in claim 21 , wherein a mixture of components A and B is subjected from aqueous solution to spray drying, fluidized bed drying or roller drying and this powder, with components C, is stirred into water.
25. A process as claimed in claim 21 , wherein a mixture of components A and B is subjected from aqueous solution to spray drying, fluidized bed drying or roller drying and this powder is granulated or compacted or mixed with components C and is stirred into water as such a mixture.
26. A process as claimed in claim 21 , wherein components A and B and also components C minus the coloring components are subjected from aqueous solution to spray drying, fluidized bed drying or roller drying and the resultant powder, where appropriate with the coloring component, is stirred into water.
27. A solid substrate coated with a film coating of claim 1 .
28. A substrate as claimed in claim 26 , selected from pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agrochemical product forms, seed, dietary supplements, and foods.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10207427A DE10207427A1 (en) | 2002-02-21 | 2002-02-21 | Rapidly soluble film coating based on polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers in combination with components containing hydroxyl, amide or ester functions |
DE10207427.5 | 2002-02-21 | ||
PCT/EP2003/001056 WO2003070224A1 (en) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-04 | Rapidly soluble film covering based on polyvinylalcohol-polyether graft copolymers combined with components containing hydroxyl, amide, or ester functions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050107498A1 true US20050107498A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
Family
ID=27674831
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/501,773 Abandoned US20050107498A1 (en) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-04 | Rapidly soluble film covering based on polyvinylalcohol-polyether graft copolymers combined with components containing hydroxyl, amide, or ester functions |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050107498A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1478351B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE420629T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003210204A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2474934C (en) |
DE (2) | DE10207427A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2316781T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003070224A1 (en) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060142499A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Process for preparation of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers via extrusion |
US20080044469A1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2008-02-21 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Rapidly Dispersible, Fine-Particle Film-Coating Composition Which is in Powder Form, is not Prone to Segregation and is Baased on Polyvinyl Alcohol-Polyether Graft Copolymers Characterized by Particular Physical Stability and Low Asperity |
GB2446865A (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-08-27 | Dean William Dredge | Temporary coating for revealing surface imperfections |
US20090041941A1 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-02-12 | National Defense University | Method for forming a metal pattern on a substrate |
US20090074866A1 (en) * | 2007-09-17 | 2009-03-19 | Jen-Chi Chen | Dip coated compositions containing copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol and a gum |
FR2921835A1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-10 | Seppic Sa | COATING COMPOSITION COMPRISING POLYDEXTROSE, PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME, AND USE FOR COATING INFRINGABLE SOLID FORMS |
US20090143447A1 (en) * | 2007-12-03 | 2009-06-04 | Arthur Karen S | Seed Treatment Formulations and Methods of Use |
US20090186222A1 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2009-07-23 | S.D.R. Biotec Verfahrenstechnick Gmbh | Glass fiber formed as an r-glass fiber, an e-glass fiber, and/or an ecr-glass fiber |
US20090208574A1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-20 | Jen-Chi Chen | Dip coated compositions containing a starch having a high amylose content |
US20100048760A1 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-02-25 | Basf Se | Rapidly dispersable, particulate film-coating composition based on polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers |
US20110018154A1 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2011-01-27 | Formac Pharmaceuticals N.V. | Preparation method for solid dispersions |
US8414905B2 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2013-04-09 | Basf Se | Film coating compositions based on polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer/polyvinyl alcohol combinations with an improved moisture barrier effect |
JP2013514303A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2013-04-25 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | Film coating agent based on the combination of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft polymer and polyvinyl alcohol with improved moisture barrier effect |
JP2014503539A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2014-02-13 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | Fast-disintegrating solid coating form |
US8715729B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2014-05-06 | Basf Se | Rapidly disintegrating, solid coated dosage form |
GB2518475A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-03-25 | Howard Buckley | Composition for the oral delivery of compounds |
US9101131B2 (en) | 2007-12-03 | 2015-08-11 | Valent U.S.A., Corporation | Seed treatment formulations |
US10829621B2 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2020-11-10 | Monosol, Llc | Edible water-soluble film |
EP3936581A4 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2022-11-30 | Sawai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Film coating composition and solid preparation |
CN116855251A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-10-10 | 浙江奥首材料科技有限公司 | High-selectivity semiconductor chip silicon dioxide etching solution, preparation method and application thereof |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2303963T3 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2008-09-01 | Basf Se | PROCEDURE AND AGENTS FOR THE SURFACE TREATMENT OF FOOD. |
WO2006055440A1 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-05-26 | Teepak Properties, Llc | Coating to allow additives to anchor to casings |
DE102008047910A1 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-25 | Molkerei Meggle Wasserburg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Tabletting excipient based on lactose and cellulose |
EP2168439B1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-09-21 | Hitschler International GmbH & Co. KG | Sugar-coated effervescent tablets |
PL2196531T3 (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2015-02-27 | Dalli Werke Gmbh & Co Kg | Polymer coated detergent tablet |
WO2013045352A1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | Basf Se | Method for producing solid pigment-containing film coating agents in the form of granular materials on the basis of film formers that are resistant to gastric juice for pharmaceutical dosage forms |
AT513519B1 (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2014-07-15 | Gebro Holding Gmbh | Film coating composition |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3566969A (en) * | 1966-12-12 | 1971-03-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of gelling organic polar liquids and compositions so made, and use therefor |
US4146489A (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1979-03-27 | Rohm And Haas Company | Polyolefin graft copolymers |
US4256864A (en) * | 1979-08-13 | 1981-03-17 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Polymerization reactors coated with polymer-inhibitor complexes |
US4842854A (en) * | 1979-05-29 | 1989-06-27 | Vsesojuzny Kardiologichesky Nauchny Tsentr Akademii Meditsinskiki Nauk Ssr | Antianginal plate for treating ischemic heart disease |
US5091185A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1992-02-25 | Monsanto Company | Coated veterinary implants |
US5656219A (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1997-08-12 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing densely sintered silicon nitride components |
US20010044076A1 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-11-22 | Margit Hiller | Use of graft copolymers for the production of laser-engravable relief printing elements |
US6579953B1 (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2003-06-17 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Application of water-soluble or water-dispersible polymerizates which contain poly-ether and which are used as a coating agent, a binding agent and/or as a film-forming auxiliary agent in pharmaceutical forms of administration |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1077430B (en) | 1958-04-15 | 1960-03-10 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the production of graft polymers of polyvinyl esters |
NL253121A (en) | 1958-05-31 | |||
US6448323B1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 2002-09-10 | Bpsi Holdings, Inc. | Film coatings and film coating compositions based on polyvinyl alcohol |
US6413590B1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2002-07-02 | Rexam Graphics Inc. | Glossy ink jet medium |
DE10049297A1 (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2002-04-11 | Basf Ag | Water-soluble or water-dispersible (co) polymers of hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, processes for their preparation and their use as coating agents, binders and / or film-forming auxiliaries in pharmaceutical dosage forms |
-
2002
- 2002-02-21 DE DE10207427A patent/DE10207427A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-02-04 EP EP03742450A patent/EP1478351B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-04 WO PCT/EP2003/001056 patent/WO2003070224A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-02-04 ES ES03742450T patent/ES2316781T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-04 AT AT03742450T patent/ATE420629T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-02-04 US US10/501,773 patent/US20050107498A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-04 DE DE50311087T patent/DE50311087D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-04 AU AU2003210204A patent/AU2003210204A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-04 CA CA2474934A patent/CA2474934C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-04 EP EP08162721A patent/EP1985289A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3566969A (en) * | 1966-12-12 | 1971-03-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of gelling organic polar liquids and compositions so made, and use therefor |
US4146489A (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1979-03-27 | Rohm And Haas Company | Polyolefin graft copolymers |
US4146489B1 (en) * | 1975-07-31 | 1983-11-08 | ||
US4842854A (en) * | 1979-05-29 | 1989-06-27 | Vsesojuzny Kardiologichesky Nauchny Tsentr Akademii Meditsinskiki Nauk Ssr | Antianginal plate for treating ischemic heart disease |
US4256864A (en) * | 1979-08-13 | 1981-03-17 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Polymerization reactors coated with polymer-inhibitor complexes |
US5091185A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1992-02-25 | Monsanto Company | Coated veterinary implants |
US5656219A (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1997-08-12 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing densely sintered silicon nitride components |
US6579953B1 (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2003-06-17 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Application of water-soluble or water-dispersible polymerizates which contain poly-ether and which are used as a coating agent, a binding agent and/or as a film-forming auxiliary agent in pharmaceutical forms of administration |
US20010044076A1 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-11-22 | Margit Hiller | Use of graft copolymers for the production of laser-engravable relief printing elements |
Cited By (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080044469A1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2008-02-21 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Rapidly Dispersible, Fine-Particle Film-Coating Composition Which is in Powder Form, is not Prone to Segregation and is Baased on Polyvinyl Alcohol-Polyether Graft Copolymers Characterized by Particular Physical Stability and Low Asperity |
US9763888B2 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2017-09-19 | Basf Se | Rapidly dispersible, fine-particle film-coating composition which is in powder form, is not prone to segregation and is based on polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers characterized by particular physical stability and low asperity |
US20060142499A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Process for preparation of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers via extrusion |
US20090305864A1 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2009-12-10 | S.D.R. Biotec Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh | Aqueous sizing composition for treating r-glass, e-glass, and ecr-glass fibers |
US20090186222A1 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2009-07-23 | S.D.R. Biotec Verfahrenstechnick Gmbh | Glass fiber formed as an r-glass fiber, an e-glass fiber, and/or an ecr-glass fiber |
US20100048760A1 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-02-25 | Basf Se | Rapidly dispersable, particulate film-coating composition based on polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers |
GB2446865A (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-08-27 | Dean William Dredge | Temporary coating for revealing surface imperfections |
US20090041941A1 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-02-12 | National Defense University | Method for forming a metal pattern on a substrate |
US8323739B2 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2012-12-04 | National Defense University | Method for forming a metal pattern on a substrate |
US20090074866A1 (en) * | 2007-09-17 | 2009-03-19 | Jen-Chi Chen | Dip coated compositions containing copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol and a gum |
US8741051B2 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2014-06-03 | Société d'Exploitation de Produits pour les Industries Chimiques SEPPIC | Coating composition comprising polydextrose, process for preparing same and use of coating ingestible solid forms |
WO2009053576A2 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-30 | Societe D'exploitation De Produits Pour Les Industries Chimiques Seppic | Coating composition comprising polydextrose, process for preparing same and use for coating ingestible solid forms |
WO2009053576A3 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-07-30 | Seppic Sa | Coating composition comprising polydextrose, process for preparing same and use for coating ingestible solid forms |
US20100291311A1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2010-11-18 | Trouve Gerard | Coating composition comprising polydextrose, process for preparing same and use of coating ingestible solid forms |
FR2921835A1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-10 | Seppic Sa | COATING COMPOSITION COMPRISING POLYDEXTROSE, PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME, AND USE FOR COATING INFRINGABLE SOLID FORMS |
US9101131B2 (en) | 2007-12-03 | 2015-08-11 | Valent U.S.A., Corporation | Seed treatment formulations |
US20090143447A1 (en) * | 2007-12-03 | 2009-06-04 | Arthur Karen S | Seed Treatment Formulations and Methods of Use |
US8232229B2 (en) * | 2007-12-03 | 2012-07-31 | Valent U.S.A., Corporation | Seed treatment formulations and methods of use |
AU2008331802B2 (en) * | 2007-12-03 | 2013-11-28 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Seed treatment formulations and methods of use |
US8722089B2 (en) | 2008-02-19 | 2014-05-13 | Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. | Dip coated compositions containing a starch having a high amylose content |
US20090208574A1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-20 | Jen-Chi Chen | Dip coated compositions containing a starch having a high amylose content |
US8216495B2 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2012-07-10 | Formac Pharmaceuticals N.V. | Preparation method for solid dispersions |
US20110018154A1 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2011-01-27 | Formac Pharmaceuticals N.V. | Preparation method for solid dispersions |
JP2013514303A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2013-04-25 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | Film coating agent based on the combination of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft polymer and polyvinyl alcohol with improved moisture barrier effect |
US8414905B2 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2013-04-09 | Basf Se | Film coating compositions based on polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer/polyvinyl alcohol combinations with an improved moisture barrier effect |
US8715729B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2014-05-06 | Basf Se | Rapidly disintegrating, solid coated dosage form |
JP2014503539A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2014-02-13 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | Fast-disintegrating solid coating form |
JP2017125049A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2017-07-20 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | Rapidly disintegrating, solid coated dosage form |
US10829621B2 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2020-11-10 | Monosol, Llc | Edible water-soluble film |
US11945936B2 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2024-04-02 | Monosol, Llc | Edible water-soluble film |
GB2518475A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-03-25 | Howard Buckley | Composition for the oral delivery of compounds |
EP3936581A4 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2022-11-30 | Sawai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Film coating composition and solid preparation |
CN116855251A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-10-10 | 浙江奥首材料科技有限公司 | High-selectivity semiconductor chip silicon dioxide etching solution, preparation method and application thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2474934A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 |
EP1985289A3 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
AU2003210204A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 |
CA2474934C (en) | 2010-10-19 |
ATE420629T1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
ES2316781T3 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
EP1478351B1 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
DE50311087D1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
EP1478351A1 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
EP1985289A2 (en) | 2008-10-29 |
WO2003070224A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 |
DE10207427A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2474934C (en) | Rapidly soluble film covering based on polyvinylalcohol-polyether graft copolymers combined with components containing hydroxyl, amide, or ester functions | |
US9763888B2 (en) | Rapidly dispersible, fine-particle film-coating composition which is in powder form, is not prone to segregation and is based on polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymers characterized by particular physical stability and low asperity | |
AU778917B2 (en) | Edible coating composition | |
US9233074B2 (en) | Delayed release film coatings containing calcium silicate and substrates coated therewith | |
RU2528095C2 (en) | Systems of film coating for preparations with immediate release, creating enhanced anti-moisture barrier, and substrates with such coating | |
US6723342B1 (en) | Edible coating composition | |
HUT61790A (en) | Film forming product suitqble for coating solid forms and process for producing same | |
JP2005526039A (en) | Edible PGA coating composition | |
JP2003514778A (en) | Edible MCC / PGA coating composition | |
JP2003527335A (en) | Edible coating composition | |
US8414905B2 (en) | Film coating compositions based on polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft copolymer/polyvinyl alcohol combinations with an improved moisture barrier effect | |
EP3474824B1 (en) | Easy to swallow coatings and substrates coated therewith | |
JP5738312B2 (en) | Film coating agent based on the combination of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether graft polymer and polyvinyl alcohol with improved moisture barrier effect | |
US20130084338A1 (en) | Method For Producing Solid Pigment-Containing Film Coating Compositions In The Form Of Granules Based On Enteric Film Formers For Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms | |
Bühler | Kollicoat grades | |
BR112020020783A2 (en) | acidifying coatings and disintegration resistant substrates coated with the same |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KOLTER, KARL;ANGEL, MAXIMILIN;REEL/FRAME:016158/0673 Effective date: 20030218 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- AFTER EXAMINER'S ANSWER OR BOARD OF APPEALS DECISION |