US20050131406A1 - Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses - Google Patents
Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050131406A1 US20050131406A1 US10/737,705 US73770503A US2005131406A1 US 20050131406 A1 US20050131406 A1 US 20050131406A1 US 73770503 A US73770503 A US 73770503A US 2005131406 A1 US2005131406 A1 US 2005131406A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- facet joint
- bearing surface
- artificial
- prosthesis
- fixation element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4405—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for apophyseal or facet joints, i.e. between adjacent spinous or transverse processes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7062—Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
- A61B17/7064—Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral facets; Tools therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4637—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for connecting or disconnecting two parts of a prosthesis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30331—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
- A61F2002/30362—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit with possibility of relative movement between the protrusion and the recess
- A61F2002/30364—Rotation about the common longitudinal axis
- A61F2002/30365—Rotation about the common longitudinal axis with additional means for limiting said rotation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30331—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
- A61F2002/30362—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit with possibility of relative movement between the protrusion and the recess
- A61F2002/30364—Rotation about the common longitudinal axis
- A61F2002/30367—Rotation about the common longitudinal axis with additional means for preventing said rotation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30331—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
- A61F2002/30362—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit with possibility of relative movement between the protrusion and the recess
- A61F2002/3037—Translation along the common longitudinal axis, e.g. piston
- A61F2002/30373—Translation along the common longitudinal axis, e.g. piston with additional means for preventing said translation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30331—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
- A61F2002/30362—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit with possibility of relative movement between the protrusion and the recess
- A61F2002/30375—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit with possibility of relative movement between the protrusion and the recess with an intermediate bushing or sleeve between the moving parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30433—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels, rivets or washers e.g. connecting screws
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
- A61F2002/30507—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a threaded locking member, e.g. a locking screw or a set screw
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30537—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable
- A61F2002/30538—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable for adjusting angular orientation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30537—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable
- A61F2002/3055—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable for adjusting length
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30537—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable
- A61F2002/30553—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable for adjusting a position by translation along an axis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30604—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for modular
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30604—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for modular
- A61F2002/30616—Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30621—Features concerning the anatomical functioning or articulation of the prosthetic joint
- A61F2002/30649—Ball-and-socket joints
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2002/448—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs comprising multiple adjacent spinal implants within the same intervertebral space or within the same vertebra, e.g. comprising two adjacent spinal implants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2002/4631—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor the prosthesis being specially adapted for being cemented
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2220/0033—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2220/0041—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels or rivets, e.g. connecting screws
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0004—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof adjustable
- A61F2250/0006—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof adjustable for adjusting angular orientation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0004—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof adjustable
- A61F2250/0007—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof adjustable for adjusting length
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0004—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof adjustable
- A61F2250/0008—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof adjustable for adjusting a position by translation along an axis or two perpendicular axes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00017—Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00023—Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00029—Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00035—Other metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00047—Aluminium or Al-based alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00035—Other metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00131—Tantalum or Ta-based alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
Definitions
- This invention relates to prostheses, systems, and methods for treating various types of spinal pathologies, and in particular relates to attachment of prostheses to spinal vertebrae.
- the human spinal column 10 is comprised of a series of thirty-three stacked vertebrae 12 divided into five regions.
- the cervical region includes seven vertebrae, known as C 1 -C 7 .
- the thoracic region includes twelve vertebrae, known as T 1 -T 12 .
- the lumbar region contains five vertebrae, known as L 1 -L 5 .
- the sacral region is comprised of five vertebrae, known as S 1 -S 5
- the coccygeal region contains four vertebrae, known as Co 1 -Co 4 .
- FIG. 2 depicts a superior plan view of a normal human lumbar vertebra 12 .
- human lumbar vertebrae vary somewhat according to location, they share many common features.
- Each vertebra 12 includes a vertebral body 14 .
- Two short bones, the pedicles 16 extend backward from each side of the vertebral body 14 to form a vertebral arch 18 .
- each pedicle 16 At the posterior end of each pedicle 16 , the vertebral arch 18 flares out into broad plates of bone known as the laminae 20 .
- the laminae 20 fuse with each other to form a spinous process 22 .
- the spinous process 22 serves for muscle and ligamentous attachment.
- a smooth transition from the pedicles 16 to the laminae 20 is interrupted by the formation of a series of processes.
- Two transverse processes 24 thrust out laterally on each side from the junction of the pedicle 16 with the lamina 20 .
- the transverse processes 24 serve as levers for the attachment of muscles to the vertebrae 12 .
- Four articular processes, two superior 26 and two inferior 28 also rise from the junctions of the pedicles 16 and the laminae 20 .
- the superior articular processes 26 are sharp oval plates of bone rising upward on each side of the vertebrae, while the inferior processes 28 are oval plates of bone that jut downward on each side.
- the superior and inferior articular processes 26 and 28 each have a natural bony structure known as a facet.
- the superior articular facet 30 faces upward, while the inferior articular facet 31 (see FIG. 3 ) faces downward.
- the facets 30 and 31 capped with a smooth articular cartilage, interlock to form a facet joint 32 , also known as a zygapophyseal joint.
- the facet joint 32 is composed of a superior half and an inferior half.
- the superior half is formed by the vertebral level below the joint 32
- the inferior half is formed by the vertebral level above the joint 32 .
- the superior half of the joint 32 is formed by bony structure on the L 5 vertebra (i.e., a superior articular surface and supporting bone 26 on the L 5 vertebra)
- the inferior half of the joint 32 is formed by bony structure on the L 4 vertebra (i.e., an inferior articular surface and supporting bone 28 on the L 4 vertebra).
- An intervertebral disc 34 between each adjacent vertebrae 12 permits gliding movement between the vertebrae 12 .
- the structure and alignment of the vertebrae 12 thus permit a range of movement of the vertebrae 12 relative to each other.
- Back pain particularly in the “small of the back” or lumbosacral (L 4 -S 1 ) region, is a common ailment. In many cases, the pain severely limits a person's functional ability and quality of life. Such pain can result from a variety of spinal pathologies.
- the laminae, spinous process, articular processes, or facets of one or more vertebral bodies can become damaged, such that the vertebrae no longer articulate or properly align with each other. This can result in an undesired anatomy, loss of mobility, and pain or discomfort.
- the vertebral facet joints can be damaged by either traumatic injury or by various disease processes. These disease processes include osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylolysis, and degenerative spondylolisthesis.
- the damage to the facet joints often results in pressure on nerves, also called “pinched” nerves, or nerve compression or impingement. The result is pain, misaligned anatomy, and a corresponding loss of mobility. Pressure on nerves can also occur without facet joint pathology, e.g., a herniated disc.
- Intervertebral stabilization prevents relative motion between the vertebrae. By preventing movement, pain can be reduced. Stabilization can be accomplished by various methods.
- One method of stabilization is spinal fusion.
- Another method of stabilization is fixation of any number of vertebrae to stabilize and prevent movement of the vertebrae.
- decompressive laminectomy This procedure involves excision of the laminae to relieve compression of nerves.
- the present invention provides prostheses, systems, and methods designed to replace natural facet joints and possibly part of the lamina at virtually all spinal levels including L 1 -L 2 , L 2 -L 3 , L 3 -L 4 , L 4 -L 5 , L 5 -S 1 , T 11 -T 12 , and T 12 -L 1 , using polyaxial attachment mechanisms for securing the prostheses to the vertebrae.
- the prostheses, systems, and methods help establish a desired anatomy to a spine and return a desired range of mobility to an individual.
- the prostheses, systems, and methods also help lessen or alleviate spinal pain by relieving the source nerve compression or impingement.
- a natural facet joint such as facet joint 32 ( FIG. 3 )
- facet joint 32 FIG. 3
- the superior half of the joint is formed by the vertebral level below the joint, which can thus be called the “caudal” portion of the facet joint because it is closer to the feet of the person.
- the inferior half of the facet joint is formed by the vertebral level above the joint, which can thus be called the “cephalad” portion of the facet joint because it is closer to the head of the person.
- a prosthesis that, in use, replaces the caudal portion of a natural facet joint i.e., the superior half
- a prosthesis that, in use, replaces the cephalad portion of a natural facet joint i.e., the inferior half
- a prosthesis that, in use, replaces the cephalad portion of a natural facet joint i.e., the inferior half
- the present invention provides a facet joint prosthesis including an artificial facet joint element connected to a fixation element by a polyaxially adjustable connection.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection is adapted and configured to permit the artificial facet joint element to be rotated with respect to the fixation element around more than one axis in order to tailor the prosthesis to the needs of the patient.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may be further adapted and configured to permit the position of the artificial facet joint element to be continuously adjustable within an adjustability range with respect to the fixation element and may include a limit stop.
- the artificial facet joint element is adapted to be movable medially, laterally, superiorly and/or inferiorly with respect to the fixation element.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may be adapted and configured to permit the artificial facet joint element to be moved with respect to the fixation element after installation of the facet joint prosthesis in a patient.
- the invention may also include a fastener adapted and configured to prevent movement between the artificial facet joint element and the fixation element.
- the artificial facet joint element in some embodiments may include a cephalad facet joint bearing surface and a cephalad facet joint bearing surface support.
- the cephalad facet joint bearing surface and the cephalad facet joint bearing surface support may be adapted and configured to be disposed laterally from a midline, or approximately at a midline, of a vertebra when the facet joint prosthesis is installed in a patient.
- the artificial facet joint element may include a caudal facet joint bearing surface and a caudal facet joint bearing surface support.
- the caudal facet joint bearing surface and the caudal facet joint bearing surface support may be adapted and configured to be disposed laterally from a midline of a vertebra when the facet joint prosthesis is installed in a patient.
- the facet joint prosthesis may also include a longitudinally adjustable connection between the artificial facet joint element and the fixation element.
- the facet joint bearing surface support may be adapted and configured to be longitudinally movable with respect to the fixation element.
- the facet joint prosthesis may also include a fastener adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between the facet joint bearing surface support and the fixation element.
- the facet joint bearing surface support may also be further adapted and configured to be rotatable about a support longitudinal axis.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a facet joint element connection surface and a fixation element connection surface, with the facet joint element connection surface and fixation element connection surface being adapted and configured to be movable with respect to each other.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a base member attached to the artificial facet joint element and movable with respect to the fixation element, and the base member may be further adapted and configured to be movable with respect to the artificial facet joint element.
- a facet joint prosthesis including first and second artificial facet joint elements; a fixation element; and a polyaxially adjustable connection between at least one of the first or second facet joint elements and the fixation element.
- the first artificial facet joint element may include an artificial cephalad facet joint element
- the second artificial facet joint element may include an artificial caudal facet joint element.
- the fixation element may be a cephalad fixation element
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a cephalad polyaxially adjustable connection, with the facet joint prosthesis further including a caudal fixation element and a caudal polyaxially adjustable connection, between the artificial caudal facet joint bearing element and the caudal fixation element.
- the artificial cephalad facet joint element includes a cephalad bearing surface and a cephalad bearing surface support
- the artificial caudal facet joint element comprises a caudal bearing surface and a caudal bearing surface support.
- first and second artificial facet joint elements may also include first and second artificial cephalad facet joint elements, respectively.
- the fixation element may be a first cephalad fixation element and the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a first cephalad polyaxially adjustable connection, with the facet joint prosthesis further including a second cephalad fixation element and a second cephalad polyaxially adjustable connection between the second artificial cephalad facet joint element and the second cephalad fixation element.
- the first and second artificial cephalad facet joint elements may include first and second cephalad bearing surfaces, respectively.
- first and second artificial facet joint elements may include first and second support arms, respectively, and at least one cephalad bearing surface supported by at least one of the first and second support arms.
- the cephalad bearing surface may be disposed approximately at a midline of a vertebra when the prosthesis is installed in a patient, and the prosthesis may also include an artificial caudal facet joint element comprising a caudal bearing surface adapted and configured to mate with the cephalad bearing surface.
- the cephalad bearing surface may also be adapted to rotate about the support arm or arms by which it is supported.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may be adapted and configured to permit at least one of the artificial facet joint elements to be rotated with respect to the fixation element around more than one axis.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may also be further adapted and configured to permit the position of at least one of the artificial facet joint elements to be continuously adjustable within an adjustability range with respect to the fixation element and may include a limit stop.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may also be adapted and configured to permit at least one of the artificial facet joint elements to be moved with respect to the fixation element after installation of the facet joint prosthesis in a patient.
- the facet joint prosthesis further includes a fastener adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between at least one of the artificial facet joint elements and the fixation element.
- the facet joint prosthesis may further include a longitudinally adjustable connection between at least one of the artificial facet joint elements and the fixation element.
- at least one of the artificial facet joint elements includes a facet joint bearing surface and a facet joint bearing surface support, with the facet joint bearing surface support being adapted and configured to be longitudinally movable with respect to the fixation element.
- the facet joint prosthesis may further include a fastener adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between the facet joint bearing surface support and the fixation element.
- the facet joint bearing surface support may be further adapted and configured to be rotatable about a support longitudinal axis.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a facet joint element connection surface and a fixation element connection surface, with the facet joint element connection surface and fixation element connection surface being adapted and configured to be movable with respect to each other.
- the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a base member attached to at least one of the artificial facet joint elements and movable with respect to the fixation element, with the base member possibly being further adapted and configured to be movable with respect to at least one of the artificial facet joint elements.
- a facet joint prosthesis including first and second fixation elements; an artificial facet joint bearing surface (such as a cephalad bearing surface) adapted and configured to be disposed approximately at a midline of a vertebra when the facet joint prosthesis is installed in a patient; and first and second polyaxially adjustable connections between the facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively.
- the first and second polyaxially adjustable connections may each be adapted and configured to permit the first and second fixation elements to be rotated with respect to the artificial facet joint bearing surface around more than one axis.
- the facet joint prosthesis may also further include first and second fasteners adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between the artificial facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively.
- the facet joint prosthesis according to this aspect of the invention may also include first and second longitudinally adjustable connections between the artificial facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively.
- the facet joint prosthesis may include a first support arm disposed between the first fixation element and the artificial facet joint bearing surface and a second support arm disposed between the second fixation element and the artificial facet joint bearing surface, with the first and second support arms each being adapted and configured to support the artificial facet joint bearing surface and to be longitudinally movable with respect to the first and second fixation elements, respectively.
- the facet joint prosthesis may also further include first and second fasteners each adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between the facet joint bearing surface support and the fixation element.
- first support arm may be further adapted and configured to be rotatable about a first support arm longitudinal axis and the second support arm is further adapted and configured to be rotatable about a second support arm longitudinal axis.
- the first and second support arms may be two separate pieces, or they may be one integral piece.
- third and fourth polyaxially adjustable connections between the facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively, may be employed.
- a facet joint prosthesis including an artificial facet joint bearing surface supported by first and second support arms adapted and configured to dispose the artificial facet joint bearing surface approximately at a midline of a vertebra when the facet joint prosthesis is installed in a patient; and first and second fixation elements adapted and configured to attach the first and second support arms, respectively, to a vertebra.
- the first and second support arms and the artificial facet joint bearing surface may be one integral piece.
- the facet joint prosthesis further includes first and second polyaxially adjustable connections between the first and second arms and the first and second fixation elements, respectively.
- third and fourth polyaxially adjustable connections between the facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively may be employed.
- Another aspect of the invention provides a method of installing an artificial facet joint prosthesis, where the prosthesis includes a facet joint element and a fixation element, the method including the steps of attaching the prosthesis to a vertebra with the fixation element; and adjusting positions of the facet joint element and the fixation element to a relative orientation.
- the adjusting step could include the step of moving the facet joint element medially, laterally, superiorly and/or inferiorly with respect to the fixation element.
- the attaching step is performed prior to the adjusting step, and in some embodiments the attaching step is performed after the adjusting step.
- the adjusting step includes rotating the facet joint element with respect to the fixation element around more than one axis.
- the method may also include the step of preventing further rotation of the facet joint element after the rotating step.
- the adjusting step may include the step of positioning the facet joint bearing surface laterally from a vertebra midline or approximately at a vertebra midline, and may include the step of positioning the facet joint bearing surface to face caudad or to face cephalad.
- the adjusting step may also include the step of moving the facet joint element longitudinally with respect to the fixation element.
- the method may also include the step of preventing further longitudinal movement of the facet joint element after the moving step.
- the adjusting step may also include the step of rotating the facet joint element about a facet joint element longitudinal axis.
- FIG. 1 is a lateral elevation view of a normal human spinal column
- FIG. 2 is a superior plan view of a normal human lumbar vertebra
- FIG. 3 is a lateral elevation view of adjoining normal human lumbar vertebrae L 4 and L 5 ;
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a cephalad prosthesis constructed in accordance with the present invention for replacing the inferior half of a natural facet joint on a superior vertebral body;
- FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the cephalad prosthesis shown in FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 6 is a front elevation view of the cephalad prosthesis shown in FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 7 is a side elevation view of the cephalad prosthesis shown in FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 8 is a front section view of the cephalad prosthesis shown in FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view depicting various components of the cephalad prosthesis shown in FIG. 4 , including a set screw, a fixing nut, an artificial facet joint structure, a fixing insert, a base member, and a polyaxial screw member;
- FIGS. 10A and 10B provide a top plan view and side section view, respectively, of the set screw shown in FIG. 9 ;
- FIGS. 11A and 11B provide a top plan view and side elevation view, respectively, of the fixing nut shown in FIG. 9 ;
- FIGS. 12A through 12D provide a top plan view, a front elevation view, a front section view, and a side elevation view, respectively, of the fixing insert shown in FIG. 9 ;
- FIGS. 13A through 13C provide a top plan view, a front elevation view, and a front section view, respectively, of the base member shown in FIG. 9 ;
- FIGS. 14A through 14D provide a side elevation view, a top plan view, a bottom plan view, and a side section view, respectively, of the polyaxial screw member shown in FIG. 9 ;
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a caudal prosthesis constructed in accordance with the present invention for replacing the superior half of a natural facet joint on an inferior vertebral body;
- FIG. 16 is a top plan view of the caudal prosthesis shown in FIG. 15 ;
- FIG. 17 is a side elevation view of the caudal prosthesis shown in FIG. 15 ;
- FIG. 18 is a front elevation view of the caudal prosthesis shown in FIG. 15 ;
- FIG. 19 is a front section view of the caudal prosthesis shown in FIG. 15 ;
- FIG. 20 is a posterior elevation view of two pairs of cephalad and caudal prostheses of this invention as installed in a patient;
- FIG. 21 is a posterior perspective view of the two pairs of installed cephalad and caudal prostheses of FIG. 20 ;
- FIG. 22 is a posterior perspective view of installed cephalad and caudal prostheses according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 23 is a posterior elevation view of the prostheses shown in FIG. 22 ;
- FIG. 24 is a side elevation view of the prostheses shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 ;
- FIG. 25 is a posterior elevation view of installed cephalad and caudal prostheses according to yet another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 26 is a side elevation view of the prostheses of FIG. 25 ;
- FIG. 27 is a perspective view of the prostheses of FIGS. 25 and 26 ;
- FIG. 28 is a partial sectional view taken along the line A-A shown in FIG. 25 ;
- FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a portion of the cephalad prosthesis of FIGS. 25-27 ;
- FIG. 30 is a partial sectional view taken along the line A-A shown in FIG. 29 ;
- FIG. 31 is a perspective view of the caudal prosthesis of FIGS. 25-27 ;
- FIG. 32 is a partial sectional view taken along the line A-A shown in FIG. 31 .
- FIGS. 4-14 show one embodiment of an artificial cephalad facet joint prosthesis 40 configured to replace the inferior portion of a natural facet joint, such as after the surgical removal of the articulating process forming the inferior portion of the facet joint.
- the artificial facet joint structure 44 articulates with the superior half of the facet joint 32 .
- the superior half of the facet joint 32 can comprise the natural superior half of the facet joint (i.e., the natural superior articulating surface 30 and supporting bony structure 26 ) on the vertebral body below the facet joint 32 .
- the superior half of the facet joint 32 may be comprised of an artificial facet joint prosthesis, such as the caudal prosthesis 100 as shown in FIGS. 15-19 .
- Prosthesis 40 includes an artificial facet joint element 44 connected to a fixation element 52 via a polyaxial connection 41 that permits facet joint element 44 and fixation element 52 to be rotated with respect to each other around more than one axis.
- the embodiment of FIGS. 4-14 permits continuous adjustment through relative rotation of the facet joint element and the fixation element around many different axes through an adjustability range, up to a motion limit provided by a limit stop. In other embodiments, however, the number of axes of rotation may be limited, and the movement may be permitted only in discrete increments.
- the facet joint element may be moved medially, laterally, superiorly and/or inferiorly with respect to the fixation element.
- the relative positions of facet joint element 44 and fixation element 52 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant. After implant and adjustment, the facet joint bearing surface 74 of facet joint element 44 may be in an anatomically correct position within the patient's body or in an non-anatomically correct position, depending on the requirements of the situation.
- FIG. 20 shows facet joint prosthesis 40 implanted and adjusted to place the facet joint bearing surface 74 laterally from the midline 119 of vertebrae 115 and 117 .
- Bearing surface 74 may be formed from biocompatible metals (such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.), ceramics, polyethylene, biocompatible polymers, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts.
- biocompatible metals such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.
- ceramics such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.
- Fixation element 52 may be a screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts.
- fixation element is a screw with a head 54 and a securing portion 56 .
- a well 58 with an outer periphery shaped to mate with a driver tool is formed in head 54 .
- the bottom tip 57 of fixation element 52 may include cutting edges 59 that facilitate insertion of fixation element 52 into the pedicle or other portion of a vertebra.
- the polyaxial connection 41 of cephalad prosthesis 40 includes a base 42 connected to a support arm 72 of facet joint element 44 .
- base 42 may be integral with facet joint element 44 .
- base 42 has a concave inside surface 91 that corresponds to and mates with a corresponding convex surface 53 formed on the head 54 of fixation element 52 .
- a fixing insert 50 within base 42 also has a concave surface 78 corresponding to and mating with fixation element head 54 as shown.
- Concave surfaces 91 and 78 slide along convex surface 53 to permit continuous adjustment through relative rotation between facet joint element 44 and fixation element 52 along any axis desired.
- a limit stop surface 93 formed on the inside of base 42 interacts with fixation element 52 to limit the range of relative rotational motion between base 42 and fixation element 52 to be within an adjustability range.
- the facet joint prosthesis may also provide for longitudinal adjustment of the facet joint bearing surface location.
- a longitudinally adjustable connection 71 permits support arm 72 to be moved along its longitudinal axis with respect to fixation element 52 .
- longitudinally adjustable connection 71 is formed from the interaction between the rod-like support arm 72 and a U-shaped channel 76 formed on fixing insert 50 .
- the relative positions of support arm 76 and fixation element 52 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant to adjust the position of the facet joint bearing surface.
- Support arm 72 may also be rotated about its longitudinal axis if desired. While the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4-14 has a substantially spherical facet joint bearing surface 74 , other facet joint bearing surface shapes may be used as well, and rotation of support arm 72 can help adjust the orientation of the facet joint bearing surface. Once again, the relative positions of support arm 72 , facet joint bearing surface 74 and fixation element 52 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant.
- Fixation element 52 is inserted through the interior bore of base 42 until its head 54 rests against surface 91 of base 42 .
- a neck 92 formed within base 42 has a diameter smaller than the diameter of head 54 to prevent fixation element 52 from passing through base 42 .
- a driver tool (not shown) is then placed in well 58 to screw fixation element 52 into the pedicle or other portion of the vertebra.
- an insertion hole may be formed in the vertebra prior to screwing in fixation element 52 .
- Bone cement may also be used to hold fixation element 52 in place after insertion.
- the fixing insert 50 is placed within base 42 to rest on fixation element head 54 .
- the U-shaped channel defining the upper surface 76 of the fixing insert 50 is aligned with a U-shaped opening 84 of the base member 42 .
- Support arm 72 of the artificial facet joint element 44 is placed within the U-shaped opening 84 of base 42 and fixing insert 50 .
- a fixing nut 48 is threadably engaged with the outer periphery of base 42 above the artificial facet joint element 44 .
- a set screw 46 is threadably engaged with the inner periphery of base 42 above the artificial facet joint element 44 .
- the center of set screw 46 is defined by an aperture 64 having a circumference shaped to mate with a corresponding driver tool (not shown).
- the position of base 42 is adjusted by rotating the artificial facet joint element 44 , fixing insert 50 and base 42 around the outer surface of fixation element head 54 .
- the sliding interaction of fixing insert 50 and base 42 with head 54 permit relative rotation of facet joint element 54 around more than one axis with respect to fixation element 52 .
- the artificial facet joint element 44 is also adjustable along and about its longitudinal axis within base 42 to place facet joint bearing surface 74 at its desired location.
- fixing nut 48 and set screw 46 act as fasteners to prevent further relative movement between artificial facet joint element 44 and fixation element 52 .
- Other fasteners may be used, of course, as known in the art.
- FIGS. 15-19 show one embodiment of an artificial caudal facet joint prosthesis 100 configured to replace the superior portion of a natural facet joint, such as after the surgical removal of the articulating process forming the superior portion of the facet joint.
- the artificial facet joint structure 104 articulates with the inferior half of the facet joint.
- the inferior half of the facet joint can comprise the natural inferior half of the facet joint (i.e., the natural inferior articulating surface 31 and supporting bony structure 28 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 ) on the vertebral body below the facet joint.
- the inferior half of the facet joint may be comprised of an artificial facet joint structure 44 , such as the cephalad prosthesis shown in FIGS. 4-14 .
- Prosthesis 100 includes an artificial facet joint element 104 connected to a fixation element 116 via a polyaxial connection 115 that permits facet joint element 104 and fixation element 116 to be rotated with respect to each other around more than one axis.
- the embodiment of FIGS. 15-19 permits continuous adjustment through relative rotation of the facet joint element and the fixation element around many different axes through an adjustability range, up to a motion limit provided by a limit stop. In other embodiments, however, the number of axes of rotation may be limited, and the movement may be permitted only in discreet increments.
- the relative positions of facet joint element 104 and fixation element 116 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant. After implant and adjustment, the facet joint bearing surface 118 of facet joint element 104 may be in an anatomically correct position within the patient's body or in an non-anatomically correct position, depending on the requirements of the situation. For example, FIG. 20 shows facet joint prosthesis 104 implanted and adjusted to place the facet joint bearing surface 118 laterally from the midline 119 of vertebrae 115 and 117 .
- Bearing surface 118 may be formed from biocompatible metals (such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.), ceramics, polyethylene, biocompatible polymers, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts.
- biocompatible metals such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.
- ceramics such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.
- Fixation element 116 may be a screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. As in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4-14 , fixation element 116 in this embodiment is a screw with a head 114 and a securing portion. A well with an outer periphery shaped to mate with a driver tool is formed in head 114 , and the bottom tip of fixation element 116 may include cutting edges that facilitate insertion of fixation element 116 into the pedicle or other portion of a vertebra.
- the polyaxial connection 115 of caudal prosthesis 100 includes a base 112 connected to a support arm 102 of facet joint element 104 .
- base 112 may be integral with facet joint element 104 .
- Base 112 has a concave inside surface that corresponds to and mates with a corresponding convex surface formed on the head 114 of fixation element 116 .
- a fixing insert 110 within base 112 also has a concave surface corresponding to and mating with fixation element head 114 as shown.
- the concave surfaces of the base and fixing insert slide along the convex surface of the fixation element head 114 to permit continuous adjustment through relative rotation between facet joint element 104 and fixation element 116 along any axis-desired.
- a limit stop surface 120 formed on the inside of base 112 interacts with fixation element 116 to limit the range of relative rotational motion between base 112 and fixation element 116 to be within an adjustability range.
- the facet joint prosthesis may also provide for longitudinal adjustment of the facet joint bearing surface location.
- a longitudinally adjustable connection 111 permits support arm 102 to be moved along its longitudinal axis with respect to fixation element 116 .
- longitudinally adjustable connection 111 is formed from the interaction between the rod-like support arm 102 and a U-shaped channel formed on fixing insert 110 .
- the relative positions of support arm 102 and fixation element 116 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant to adjust the position of the facet joint bearing surface.
- Caudal facet joint bearing surface 118 is shaped to mate with a corresponding artificial cephalad facet joint bearing surface that is spherically shaped.
- bearing surface 118 is generally concave with a length along one axis 126 greater than the length along a perpendicular axis 128 .
- Other bearing surface shapes may be used, of course.
- Support arm 102 may be rotated about its longitudinal axis to adjust the orientation of bearing surface 118 , and the relative positions of support arm 102 , facet joint bearing surface 118 and fixation element 116 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant.
- Fixation element 116 is inserted through the interior bore of base 112 until its head 114 rests against the interior surface 91 of base 112 .
- a neck 122 formed within base 112 has a diameter smaller than the diameter of fixation element head 114 to prevent fixation element 116 from passing through base 112 .
- a driver tool (not shown) is then used to screw fixation element 116 into the pedicle or other portion of the vertebra.
- an insertion hole may be formed in the vertebra prior to screwing in fixation element 116 . Bone cement may also be used to hold fixation element 116 in place after insertion.
- the fixing insert 100 is placed within base 112 to rest on fixation element head 114 .
- a U-shaped channel in the upper surface of the fixing insert 100 is aligned with a U-shaped opening of the base member 112 .
- Support arm 102 of the artificial facet joint element 104 is placed within the U-shaped opening of base 112 and fixing insert 100 .
- a fixing nut 108 is threadably engaged with the outer periphery of base 112 above the artificial facet joint element 104 .
- a set screw 106 is threadably engaged with the inner periphery of base 112 above the artificial facet joint element 104 .
- the center of set screw 106 is defined by an aperture having a circumference shaped to mate with a corresponding driver tool (not shown).
- the position of base 112 is adjusted by rotating the artificial facet joint element 104 , fixing insert 100 and base 112 around the outer surface of fixation element head 114 .
- the sliding interaction of fixing insert 100 and base 112 with head 114 permit relative rotation of facet joint element 104 around more than one axis with respect to fixation element 116 .
- the artificial facet joint element 104 is also adjustable along and about its longitudinal axis within base 112 to place facet joint bearing surface 118 at its desired location.
- fixing nut 108 and set screw 106 act as fasteners to prevent further relative movement between artificial facet joint element 104 and fixation element 116 .
- Other fasteners may be used, of course, as known in the art.
- cephalad prosthesis 40 or the caudal prosthesis 100 may be used for unilateral facet joint replacement (one side of a given vertebral body).
- the prostheses 40 and 100 may also be used to provide bilateral facet joint replacement (i.e., on both the left and right sides of a given vertebral body).
- a system comprised of both prostheses 40 and 100 may be used to provide complete (i.e., superior and inferior) facet joint replacement of one or more natural facet joints.
- the cephalad prostheses 40 and caudal prosthesis 100 are desirably positioned to form an articulated system that replaces a natural facet joint.
- Cephalad prostheses 40 are attached to the superior adjoining vertebra and replace the articulating function of the cephalad portion of the natural facet joints.
- caudal prostheses 100 are attached to the inferior adjoining vertebra and replace the articulating function of the caudal portion of the natural facet joints.
- the facet joint bearing surfaces of prostheses 40 and 100 thus cooperate to provide an artificial articular configuration.
- the complete facet joint replacement can be unilateral or bilateral, as desired. A bilateral facet joint replacement is shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 .
- FIG. 20 provides a posterior elevation view of two adjacent lumbar vertebrae after removal of the inferior and superior halves of the natural facet joints on both the left and right sides of the adjacent vertebrae. Since the inferior and superior halves of the natural facet joint are removed, the artificial articular configuration need not be constrained by, and can be unlike, the preexisting articulation of the natural facet joint prior to its removal.
- a polyaxial attachment mechanism is configured to attach either the cephalad prostheses 40 to the superior adjoining vertebra, or the caudal prostheses 100 to the inferior adjoining vertebra, or both.
- the polyaxial attachment mechanism permits the position of the artificial facet joint structure of the cephalad and/or caudal prosthesis 40 , 100 (as the case may be) to be adjusted along more than one axis after the polyaxial attachment mechanism has been attached to the superior and/or inferior vertebra.
- the systems 130 depicted in FIGS. 20 and 21 include polyaxial attachment mechanisms for both the cephalad prostheses and the caudal prostheses.
- a physician is provided maximum flexibility to position the articulating surfaces of the prostheses 40 and 100 when the prostheses are attached to the vertebrae.
- the position of the artificial facet joint structures can be fully adjusted to obtain an optimal articulation between the adjoining vertebrae, and together create a desired lordotic angle between the vertebral bodies of the vertebrae.
- FIGS. 22-24 show cephalad and caudal facet joint prostheses according to another embodiment of the invention providing an artificial facet joint located approximately at the center or midline of the vertebrae to which the prostheses are attached.
- Cephalad prosthesis 200 has a facet joint element 201 including two support arms or rods 202 and 204 supporting a cephalad bearing surface element 206 . While other materials may be used, support arms 202 and 204 are preferably formed from titanium, and bearing surface element 206 is preferably formed from biocompatible metals (such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.), ceramics, polyethylene, biocompatible polymers, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts.
- biocompatible metals such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.
- support arms 202 and 204 and bearing surface element 206 are separate elements and may be selected from a kit containing different size elements to meet the needs of the patient.
- support arms ranging in size from 10 mm to 25 mm in length may be used for cephalad prostheses attached to the L 4 vertebra.
- support arms 202 and 204 may be formed as a single element and may also be integral with bearing surface 206 .
- one or more bushings are disposed between bearing surface element 206 and the support arms 202 and 204 to enable bearing surface element 206 to rotate about support arms 202 and 204 .
- Support arms 202 and 204 are each attached to superior vertebra 208 via fixation elements such as screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. As shown, the fixation elements attach prosthesis 200 to pedicle portions of vertebra 208 . Attachment to other portions of vertebra 208 are possible as well.
- fixation elements such as screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts.
- fixation elements attach prosthesis 200 to pedicle portions of vertebra 208 . Attachment to other portions of vertebra 208 are possible as well.
- Polyaxial connections 210 and 212 between support arms 202 and 204 and their respective fixation elements permit support arms 202 and 204 , and thereby cephalad facet joint element 201 , to be rotated about the fixation elements around more than one axis.
- polyaxial connections 210 and 212 permit continuous adjustment between support arms 202 and 204 and their fixation elements around many axes, up to a motion limit provided by a limit stop.
- polyaxial connections 210 and 212 are substantially the same as those shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 4-19 . In other embodiments, however, other polyaxial connections may be used; the number of axes of rotation may also be limited, and movement may be permitted only in discrete increments.
- the relative positions of cephalad facet joint element 201 and the fixation elements may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant.
- this embodiment provides for longitudinal adjustment between the facet joint element 201 and the fixation elements.
- the longitudinally adjustable connections 214 and 216 permits arms 202 and 204 , respectively, to be moved along longitudinal axes with respect to their fixation elements.
- the longitudinally adjustable connections of this embodiment are substantially similar to the longitudinally adjustable connections described above with respect to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4-19 .
- support arms 202 and 204 may also be rotated about longitudinal axes, if desired.
- the relative longitudinal and rotational positions of support arms 202 and 204 and their fixation elements may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant to adjust the position of the cephalad facet joint bearing surface 206 .
- FIGS. 22-24 also show a caudal facet joint prosthesis 300 with an artificial facet joint bearing surface 302 supported by support arms 304 and 306 .
- artificial facet bearing surface 302 is disposed substantially at the midline of vertebra 308 so as to meet and interact with the facet bearing surface 206 of cephalad prosthesis 200 , as shown.
- Fixation elements 310 and 312 attach support arms 304 and 306 , respectively, to vertebra 308 , such as at pedicle portions of the vertebra.
- Fixation elements 310 and 312 may be a screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts.
- caudal prosthesis 300 may be selected from a kit containing caudal prostheses of different sizes, such as between 32 mm and 60 mm wide prostheses for the L 5 vertebra.
- FIGS. 25-30 show yet another embodiment of the invention providing another artificial facet joint located approximately at the midline of the vertebrae.
- Cephalad prosthesis 400 has a facet joint element including two support arms or rods 402 and 404 supporting a cephalad bearing element 406 .
- facet joint element 406 includes a facet joint bearing surface element 414 with a facet joint bearing surface 416 formed on one side thereof.
- facet joint bearing surface element 414 has a plate 418 extending from its posterior side.
- plate 418 attaches to facet joint bearing surface element 414 via a force fit connection at the crossbar's centerpoint 420 .
- Plate 418 connects to support arms 402 and 404 via polyaxial connections 422 and 424 , respectively.
- the appropriate size of the prosthesis such as the width of plate 418 and the size of bearing surface 416 , may be determined by a sizing tool and selected appropriately.
- Support arms 402 and 404 are each attached to superior vertebra 408 via fixation elements such as screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts.
- fixation elements are screws 403 which attach prosthesis 400 to pedicle portions of vertebra 408 . Attachment to other portions of vertebra 408 are possible as well.
- Polyaxial connections 410 and 412 between support arms 402 and 404 and their respective fixation elements permit support arms 402 and 404 , and thereby cephalad facet joint element 406 , to be rotated about the pedicle fixation elements around more than one axis.
- polyaxial connections 410 and 412 permit continuous adjustment between support arms 402 and 404 and their fixation elements around many axes, up to a motion limit provided by a limit stop.
- polyaxial connections 410 and 412 are substantially the same as those shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 4-19 . In other embodiments, however, other polyaxial connections may be used; the number of axes of rotation may also be limited, and movement may be permitted only in discrete increments.
- support arm 404 has a head 426 with a substantially spherical surface 428 disposed in a spherical pocket 430 formed in plate 418 .
- Support 404 extends through an opening 432 in plate 418 that is wider than the arm portion of support arm 404 but narrower than the support arm head 426 .
- the connection between support arm 404 and plate 418 permits support arm 404 and plate 418 to be rotated with respect to each other about more than one axis. Once the proper relative orientation has been achieved, a nut 434 mounted on a threaded portion 436 of support arm 404 is tightened against plate 418 .
- Polyaxial connection 422 has a substantially similar construction.
- support arms 402 and 404 and plate 418 are preferably formed from titanium, and facet joint element 406 is preferably formed from biocompatible metals (such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.), ceramics, polyethylene, biocompatible polymers, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts.
- biocompatible metals such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.
- Caudal prosthesis 500 has an artificial facet joint bearing surface 502 supported by support arms 504 and 506 .
- artificial facet joint bearing surface 502 is disposed substantially at the midline of vertebra 508 so as to meet and interact with the facet joint bearing surface 416 of the cephalad prosthesis 400 , as shown in FIG. 28 .
- support arms 504 and 506 elevate facet joint bearing surface 502 above the dura portion of the vertebra.
- Fixation elements 510 and 512 attach caudal prosthesis 500 to vertebra 508 , such as at pedicle portions of the vertebra as shown.
- Fixation elements 510 and 512 may be a screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts.
- fixation elements 510 and 512 are self-tapping screws.
- the appropriate size of caudal prosthesis 500 may be determined by using a sizing tool.
- a probe is used to determine the appropriate screw length to be used, as known in the art.
- the probe makes a pilot hole for the screw.
- the screws 510 and 512 are inserted into caudal screw housings 514 and 516 , respectively, which have substantially conical inside surfaces, such as surface 518 of housing 514 .
- the screws have substantially spherical heads, such as screw head 520 of screw 510 .
- the interaction of the spherical screw heads with the conical screw housing surfaces enables the screws to be inserted at angles other than 90°.
- set screws 522 and 524 with substantially spherically concave bottom surfaces are inserted into screw housings 514 and 516 , respectively, to hold support arms 504 and 506 against their respective screws.
- cephalad and caudal bearing surfaces governs how the vertebrae to which they are attached move with respect to each other.
- the bearing surface shapes can provide motion limit stops and can help replace the function of removed ligaments.
- the cephalad and caudal bearing surfaces of some preferred embodiments of the invention provide for ranges of motion of 0 to 20 degrees in flexion, 0 to 10 degrees in extension, 0 to 15 degrees in axial rotation, and 0 to 4 degrees in lateral bending.
- the relative shapes of the cephalad and caudal bearing surfaces also govern the quality of the relative movement between the vertebrae to which they are attached.
- the quality of the relative movement provided by the movable cephalad bearing surface described above with reference to FIGS. 22-24 is different than the sliding point of contact connection between the concave cephalad bearing surface and convex caudal bearing surface of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 25-30 .
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to prostheses, systems, and methods for treating various types of spinal pathologies, and in particular relates to attachment of prostheses to spinal vertebrae.
- The human
spinal column 10, as shown inFIG. 1 , is comprised of a series of thirty-three stackedvertebrae 12 divided into five regions. The cervical region includes seven vertebrae, known as C1-C7. The thoracic region includes twelve vertebrae, known as T1-T12. The lumbar region contains five vertebrae, known as L1-L5. The sacral region is comprised of five vertebrae, known as S1-S5, while the coccygeal region contains four vertebrae, known as Co1-Co4. -
FIG. 2 depicts a superior plan view of a normalhuman lumbar vertebra 12. Although human lumbar vertebrae vary somewhat according to location, they share many common features. Eachvertebra 12 includes avertebral body 14. Two short bones, thepedicles 16, extend backward from each side of thevertebral body 14 to form avertebral arch 18. - At the posterior end of each
pedicle 16, thevertebral arch 18 flares out into broad plates of bone known as thelaminae 20. Thelaminae 20 fuse with each other to form aspinous process 22. Thespinous process 22 serves for muscle and ligamentous attachment. A smooth transition from thepedicles 16 to thelaminae 20 is interrupted by the formation of a series of processes. - Two
transverse processes 24 thrust out laterally on each side from the junction of thepedicle 16 with thelamina 20. Thetransverse processes 24 serve as levers for the attachment of muscles to thevertebrae 12. Four articular processes, two superior 26 and two inferior 28, also rise from the junctions of thepedicles 16 and thelaminae 20. The superiorarticular processes 26 are sharp oval plates of bone rising upward on each side of the vertebrae, while theinferior processes 28 are oval plates of bone that jut downward on each side. - The superior and inferior
articular processes articular facet 30 faces upward, while the inferior articular facet 31 (seeFIG. 3 ) faces downward. Whenadjacent vertebrae 12 are aligned, thefacets facet joint 32, also known as a zygapophyseal joint. - The
facet joint 32 is composed of a superior half and an inferior half. The superior half is formed by the vertebral level below thejoint 32, and the inferior half is formed by the vertebral level above thejoint 32. For example, in the L4-L5 facet joint, the superior half of thejoint 32 is formed by bony structure on the L5 vertebra (i.e., a superior articular surface and supportingbone 26 on the L5 vertebra), and the inferior half of thejoint 32 is formed by bony structure on the L4 vertebra (i.e., an inferior articular surface and supportingbone 28 on the L4 vertebra). - An
intervertebral disc 34 between eachadjacent vertebrae 12 permits gliding movement between thevertebrae 12. The structure and alignment of thevertebrae 12 thus permit a range of movement of thevertebrae 12 relative to each other. - Back pain, particularly in the “small of the back” or lumbosacral (L4-S1) region, is a common ailment. In many cases, the pain severely limits a person's functional ability and quality of life. Such pain can result from a variety of spinal pathologies.
- Through disease or injury, the laminae, spinous process, articular processes, or facets of one or more vertebral bodies can become damaged, such that the vertebrae no longer articulate or properly align with each other. This can result in an undesired anatomy, loss of mobility, and pain or discomfort.
- For example, the vertebral facet joints can be damaged by either traumatic injury or by various disease processes. These disease processes include osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylolysis, and degenerative spondylolisthesis. The damage to the facet joints often results in pressure on nerves, also called “pinched” nerves, or nerve compression or impingement. The result is pain, misaligned anatomy, and a corresponding loss of mobility. Pressure on nerves can also occur without facet joint pathology, e.g., a herniated disc.
- One type of conventional treatment of facet joint pathology is spinal stabilization, also known as intervertebral stabilization. Intervertebral stabilization prevents relative motion between the vertebrae. By preventing movement, pain can be reduced. Stabilization can be accomplished by various methods.
- One method of stabilization is spinal fusion. Another method of stabilization is fixation of any number of vertebrae to stabilize and prevent movement of the vertebrae.
- Another type of conventional treatment is decompressive laminectomy. This procedure involves excision of the laminae to relieve compression of nerves.
- These traditional treatments are subject to a variety of limitations and varying success rates. None of the described treatments, however, puts the spine in proper alignment or returns the spine to a desired anatomy. In addition, stabilization techniques, by holding the vertebrae in a fixed position, permanently limit a person's mobility.
- There is, therefore, a need for prostheses, systems, and methods that overcome the problems and disadvantages associated with current strategies and designs in various treatments for spine pathologies, and, particularly, a need for spinal prostheses with attachment mechanisms that facilitate positioning of the prostheses when attached to the vertebrae.
- The present invention provides prostheses, systems, and methods designed to replace natural facet joints and possibly part of the lamina at virtually all spinal levels including L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L4, L4-L5, L5-S1, T11-T12, and T12-L1, using polyaxial attachment mechanisms for securing the prostheses to the vertebrae. The prostheses, systems, and methods help establish a desired anatomy to a spine and return a desired range of mobility to an individual. The prostheses, systems, and methods also help lessen or alleviate spinal pain by relieving the source nerve compression or impingement.
- For the sake of description herein, the prostheses that embody features of the invention are identified as either “cephalad” or “caudal” with relation to the portion of a given natural facet joint they replace. As previously described, a natural facet joint, such as facet joint 32 (
FIG. 3 ), has a superior half and an inferior half. In anatomical terms, the superior half of the joint is formed by the vertebral level below the joint, which can thus be called the “caudal” portion of the facet joint because it is closer to the feet of the person. The inferior half of the facet joint is formed by the vertebral level above the joint, which can thus be called the “cephalad” portion of the facet joint because it is closer to the head of the person. Thus, a prosthesis that, in use, replaces the caudal portion of a natural facet joint (i.e., the superior half) will be called a “caudal” prosthesis. Likewise, a prosthesis that, in use, replaces the cephalad portion of a natural facet joint (i.e., the inferior half) will be called a “cephalad” prosthesis. - In one aspect, the present invention provides a facet joint prosthesis including an artificial facet joint element connected to a fixation element by a polyaxially adjustable connection. In some embodiments the polyaxially adjustable connection is adapted and configured to permit the artificial facet joint element to be rotated with respect to the fixation element around more than one axis in order to tailor the prosthesis to the needs of the patient. The polyaxially adjustable connection may be further adapted and configured to permit the position of the artificial facet joint element to be continuously adjustable within an adjustability range with respect to the fixation element and may include a limit stop.
- In various embodiments the artificial facet joint element is adapted to be movable medially, laterally, superiorly and/or inferiorly with respect to the fixation element. In some embodiments the polyaxially adjustable connection may be adapted and configured to permit the artificial facet joint element to be moved with respect to the fixation element after installation of the facet joint prosthesis in a patient. The invention may also include a fastener adapted and configured to prevent movement between the artificial facet joint element and the fixation element.
- The artificial facet joint element in some embodiments may include a cephalad facet joint bearing surface and a cephalad facet joint bearing surface support. The cephalad facet joint bearing surface and the cephalad facet joint bearing surface support may be adapted and configured to be disposed laterally from a midline, or approximately at a midline, of a vertebra when the facet joint prosthesis is installed in a patient.
- In some other embodiments the artificial facet joint element may include a caudal facet joint bearing surface and a caudal facet joint bearing surface support. The caudal facet joint bearing surface and the caudal facet joint bearing surface support may be adapted and configured to be disposed laterally from a midline of a vertebra when the facet joint prosthesis is installed in a patient.
- The facet joint prosthesis may also include a longitudinally adjustable connection between the artificial facet joint element and the fixation element. For example, in embodiments where the artificial facet joint element includes a facet joint bearing surface and a facet joint bearing surface support, the facet joint bearing surface support may be adapted and configured to be longitudinally movable with respect to the fixation element. The facet joint prosthesis may also include a fastener adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between the facet joint bearing surface support and the fixation element. The facet joint bearing surface support may also be further adapted and configured to be rotatable about a support longitudinal axis.
- In some embodiments the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a facet joint element connection surface and a fixation element connection surface, with the facet joint element connection surface and fixation element connection surface being adapted and configured to be movable with respect to each other. In some embodiments the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a base member attached to the artificial facet joint element and movable with respect to the fixation element, and the base member may be further adapted and configured to be movable with respect to the artificial facet joint element.
- Another aspect of the invention is a facet joint prosthesis including first and second artificial facet joint elements; a fixation element; and a polyaxially adjustable connection between at least one of the first or second facet joint elements and the fixation element. In some embodiments the first artificial facet joint element may include an artificial cephalad facet joint element, and the second artificial facet joint element may include an artificial caudal facet joint element. The fixation element may be a cephalad fixation element, and the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a cephalad polyaxially adjustable connection, with the facet joint prosthesis further including a caudal fixation element and a caudal polyaxially adjustable connection, between the artificial caudal facet joint bearing element and the caudal fixation element. In some embodiments the artificial cephalad facet joint element includes a cephalad bearing surface and a cephalad bearing surface support, and in some embodiments the artificial caudal facet joint element comprises a caudal bearing surface and a caudal bearing surface support.
- Under this aspect of the invention the first and second artificial facet joint elements may also include first and second artificial cephalad facet joint elements, respectively. The fixation element may be a first cephalad fixation element and the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a first cephalad polyaxially adjustable connection, with the facet joint prosthesis further including a second cephalad fixation element and a second cephalad polyaxially adjustable connection between the second artificial cephalad facet joint element and the second cephalad fixation element. In some embodiments the first and second artificial cephalad facet joint elements may include first and second cephalad bearing surfaces, respectively. In some embodiments the first and second artificial facet joint elements may include first and second support arms, respectively, and at least one cephalad bearing surface supported by at least one of the first and second support arms. In those embodiments the cephalad bearing surface may be disposed approximately at a midline of a vertebra when the prosthesis is installed in a patient, and the prosthesis may also include an artificial caudal facet joint element comprising a caudal bearing surface adapted and configured to mate with the cephalad bearing surface. The cephalad bearing surface may also be adapted to rotate about the support arm or arms by which it is supported.
- Also according to this aspect of the invention the polyaxially adjustable connection may be adapted and configured to permit at least one of the artificial facet joint elements to be rotated with respect to the fixation element around more than one axis. The polyaxially adjustable connection may also be further adapted and configured to permit the position of at least one of the artificial facet joint elements to be continuously adjustable within an adjustability range with respect to the fixation element and may include a limit stop. The polyaxially adjustable connection may also be adapted and configured to permit at least one of the artificial facet joint elements to be moved with respect to the fixation element after installation of the facet joint prosthesis in a patient. In some embodiments the facet joint prosthesis further includes a fastener adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between at least one of the artificial facet joint elements and the fixation element.
- Also according to this aspect of the invention the facet joint prosthesis may further include a longitudinally adjustable connection between at least one of the artificial facet joint elements and the fixation element. In some embodiments, at least one of the artificial facet joint elements includes a facet joint bearing surface and a facet joint bearing surface support, with the facet joint bearing surface support being adapted and configured to be longitudinally movable with respect to the fixation element. The facet joint prosthesis may further include a fastener adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between the facet joint bearing surface support and the fixation element. In some embodiments the facet joint bearing surface support may be further adapted and configured to be rotatable about a support longitudinal axis.
- Further according to this aspect of the invention the polyaxially adjustable connection may include a facet joint element connection surface and a fixation element connection surface, with the facet joint element connection surface and fixation element connection surface being adapted and configured to be movable with respect to each other. The polyaxially adjustable connection may include a base member attached to at least one of the artificial facet joint elements and movable with respect to the fixation element, with the base member possibly being further adapted and configured to be movable with respect to at least one of the artificial facet joint elements.
- Yet another aspect of the invention provides a facet joint prosthesis including first and second fixation elements; an artificial facet joint bearing surface (such as a cephalad bearing surface) adapted and configured to be disposed approximately at a midline of a vertebra when the facet joint prosthesis is installed in a patient; and first and second polyaxially adjustable connections between the facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively. In some embodiments the first and second polyaxially adjustable connections may each be adapted and configured to permit the first and second fixation elements to be rotated with respect to the artificial facet joint bearing surface around more than one axis. The facet joint prosthesis may also further include first and second fasteners adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between the artificial facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively.
- The facet joint prosthesis according to this aspect of the invention may also include first and second longitudinally adjustable connections between the artificial facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively. In some embodiments the facet joint prosthesis may include a first support arm disposed between the first fixation element and the artificial facet joint bearing surface and a second support arm disposed between the second fixation element and the artificial facet joint bearing surface, with the first and second support arms each being adapted and configured to support the artificial facet joint bearing surface and to be longitudinally movable with respect to the first and second fixation elements, respectively. The facet joint prosthesis may also further include first and second fasteners each adapted and configured to prevent relative movement between the facet joint bearing surface support and the fixation element. In some embodiments, the first support arm may be further adapted and configured to be rotatable about a first support arm longitudinal axis and the second support arm is further adapted and configured to be rotatable about a second support arm longitudinal axis. The first and second support arms may be two separate pieces, or they may be one integral piece. In some embodiments, third and fourth polyaxially adjustable connections between the facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively, may be employed.
- Yet another aspect of the invention provides a facet joint prosthesis including an artificial facet joint bearing surface supported by first and second support arms adapted and configured to dispose the artificial facet joint bearing surface approximately at a midline of a vertebra when the facet joint prosthesis is installed in a patient; and first and second fixation elements adapted and configured to attach the first and second support arms, respectively, to a vertebra. The first and second support arms and the artificial facet joint bearing surface may be one integral piece. In some embodiments the facet joint prosthesis further includes first and second polyaxially adjustable connections between the first and second arms and the first and second fixation elements, respectively. In some embodiments, third and fourth polyaxially adjustable connections between the facet joint bearing surface and the first and second fixation elements, respectively, may be employed.
- Another aspect of the invention provides a method of installing an artificial facet joint prosthesis, where the prosthesis includes a facet joint element and a fixation element, the method including the steps of attaching the prosthesis to a vertebra with the fixation element; and adjusting positions of the facet joint element and the fixation element to a relative orientation. The adjusting step could include the step of moving the facet joint element medially, laterally, superiorly and/or inferiorly with respect to the fixation element. In some embodiments the attaching step is performed prior to the adjusting step, and in some embodiments the attaching step is performed after the adjusting step.
- In some embodiments the adjusting step includes rotating the facet joint element with respect to the fixation element around more than one axis. The method may also include the step of preventing further rotation of the facet joint element after the rotating step.
- In embodiments of the method where the facet joint element includes a facet joint bearing surface, the adjusting step may include the step of positioning the facet joint bearing surface laterally from a vertebra midline or approximately at a vertebra midline, and may include the step of positioning the facet joint bearing surface to face caudad or to face cephalad.
- The adjusting step may also include the step of moving the facet joint element longitudinally with respect to the fixation element. In some embodiments the method may also include the step of preventing further longitudinal movement of the facet joint element after the moving step. The adjusting step may also include the step of rotating the facet joint element about a facet joint element longitudinal axis.
- Other features and advantages of the invention are set forth in the following description and drawings, as well as in the appended claims.
-
FIG. 1 is a lateral elevation view of a normal human spinal column; -
FIG. 2 is a superior plan view of a normal human lumbar vertebra; -
FIG. 3 is a lateral elevation view of adjoining normal human lumbar vertebrae L4 and L5; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a cephalad prosthesis constructed in accordance with the present invention for replacing the inferior half of a natural facet joint on a superior vertebral body; -
FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the cephalad prosthesis shown inFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 6 is a front elevation view of the cephalad prosthesis shown inFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 7 is a side elevation view of the cephalad prosthesis shown inFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 8 is a front section view of the cephalad prosthesis shown inFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view depicting various components of the cephalad prosthesis shown inFIG. 4 , including a set screw, a fixing nut, an artificial facet joint structure, a fixing insert, a base member, and a polyaxial screw member; -
FIGS. 10A and 10B provide a top plan view and side section view, respectively, of the set screw shown inFIG. 9 ; -
FIGS. 11A and 11B provide a top plan view and side elevation view, respectively, of the fixing nut shown inFIG. 9 ; -
FIGS. 12A through 12D provide a top plan view, a front elevation view, a front section view, and a side elevation view, respectively, of the fixing insert shown inFIG. 9 ; -
FIGS. 13A through 13C provide a top plan view, a front elevation view, and a front section view, respectively, of the base member shown inFIG. 9 ; -
FIGS. 14A through 14D provide a side elevation view, a top plan view, a bottom plan view, and a side section view, respectively, of the polyaxial screw member shown inFIG. 9 ; -
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a caudal prosthesis constructed in accordance with the present invention for replacing the superior half of a natural facet joint on an inferior vertebral body; -
FIG. 16 is a top plan view of the caudal prosthesis shown inFIG. 15 ; -
FIG. 17 is a side elevation view of the caudal prosthesis shown inFIG. 15 ; -
FIG. 18 is a front elevation view of the caudal prosthesis shown inFIG. 15 ; -
FIG. 19 is a front section view of the caudal prosthesis shown inFIG. 15 ; -
FIG. 20 is a posterior elevation view of two pairs of cephalad and caudal prostheses of this invention as installed in a patient; -
FIG. 21 is a posterior perspective view of the two pairs of installed cephalad and caudal prostheses ofFIG. 20 ; -
FIG. 22 is a posterior perspective view of installed cephalad and caudal prostheses according to another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 23 is a posterior elevation view of the prostheses shown inFIG. 22 ; -
FIG. 24 is a side elevation view of the prostheses shown inFIGS. 22 and 23 ; -
FIG. 25 is a posterior elevation view of installed cephalad and caudal prostheses according to yet another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 26 is a side elevation view of the prostheses ofFIG. 25 ; -
FIG. 27 is a perspective view of the prostheses ofFIGS. 25 and 26 ; -
FIG. 28 is a partial sectional view taken along the line A-A shown inFIG. 25 ; -
FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a portion of the cephalad prosthesis ofFIGS. 25-27 ; -
FIG. 30 is a partial sectional view taken along the line A-A shown inFIG. 29 ; -
FIG. 31 is a perspective view of the caudal prosthesis ofFIGS. 25-27 ; and -
FIG. 32 is a partial sectional view taken along the line A-A shown inFIG. 31 . - Although the disclosure presented herein provides details to enable those skilled in the art to practice various embodiments of the invention, the physical embodiments disclosed herein merely exemplify the invention which may be embodied in other specific structure. Accordingly, while preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, details of the preferred embodiments may be altered without departing from the invention. All embodiments that fall within the meaning and scope of the appended claims, and equivalents thereto, are intended to be embraced by the claims.
-
FIGS. 4-14 show one embodiment of an artificial cephalad facetjoint prosthesis 40 configured to replace the inferior portion of a natural facet joint, such as after the surgical removal of the articulating process forming the inferior portion of the facet joint. When thecephalad prosthesis 40 is attached to a vertebra, the artificial facetjoint structure 44 articulates with the superior half of the facet joint 32. The superior half of the facet joint 32 can comprise the natural superior half of the facet joint (i.e., the natural superior articulatingsurface 30 and supporting bony structure 26) on the vertebral body below the facet joint 32. Alternatively, the superior half of the facet joint 32 may be comprised of an artificial facet joint prosthesis, such as thecaudal prosthesis 100 as shown inFIGS. 15-19 . -
Prosthesis 40 includes an artificial facetjoint element 44 connected to afixation element 52 via apolyaxial connection 41 that permits facetjoint element 44 andfixation element 52 to be rotated with respect to each other around more than one axis. As will be seen from a detailed discussion of its structure, the embodiment ofFIGS. 4-14 permits continuous adjustment through relative rotation of the facet joint element and the fixation element around many different axes through an adjustability range, up to a motion limit provided by a limit stop. In other embodiments, however, the number of axes of rotation may be limited, and the movement may be permitted only in discrete increments. In various embodiments the facet joint element may be moved medially, laterally, superiorly and/or inferiorly with respect to the fixation element. - The relative positions of facet
joint element 44 andfixation element 52 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant. After implant and adjustment, the facetjoint bearing surface 74 of facetjoint element 44 may be in an anatomically correct position within the patient's body or in an non-anatomically correct position, depending on the requirements of the situation. For example,FIG. 20 shows facetjoint prosthesis 40 implanted and adjusted to place the facetjoint bearing surface 74 laterally from themidline 119 ofvertebrae - In alternative embodiments, other convex or concave shapes may be used for the facet joint bearing surface. Bearing
surface 74 may be formed from biocompatible metals (such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.), ceramics, polyethylene, biocompatible polymers, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. -
Fixation element 52 may be a screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 4-14 , fixation element is a screw with ahead 54 and a securingportion 56. A well 58 with an outer periphery shaped to mate with a driver tool is formed inhead 54. Thebottom tip 57 offixation element 52 may include cuttingedges 59 that facilitate insertion offixation element 52 into the pedicle or other portion of a vertebra. - The invention may employ any suitable polyaxial connection structure, such as the structure disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,360,431, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference. In the embodiment of
FIGS. 4-14 , thepolyaxial connection 41 ofcephalad prosthesis 40 includes a base 42 connected to asupport arm 72 of facetjoint element 44. In alternative embodiments,base 42 may be integral with facetjoint element 44. As shown inFIGS. 8, 13C and 14A,base 42 has a concaveinside surface 91 that corresponds to and mates with a correspondingconvex surface 53 formed on thehead 54 offixation element 52. A fixinginsert 50 withinbase 42 also has aconcave surface 78 corresponding to and mating withfixation element head 54 as shown.Concave surfaces convex surface 53 to permit continuous adjustment through relative rotation between facetjoint element 44 andfixation element 52 along any axis desired. Alimit stop surface 93 formed on the inside ofbase 42 interacts withfixation element 52 to limit the range of relative rotational motion betweenbase 42 andfixation element 52 to be within an adjustability range. - In some embodiments, the facet joint prosthesis may also provide for longitudinal adjustment of the facet joint bearing surface location. For example, in the embodiment shown in
FIGS. 4-14 , a longitudinallyadjustable connection 71 permits supportarm 72 to be moved along its longitudinal axis with respect tofixation element 52. In this embodiment, longitudinallyadjustable connection 71 is formed from the interaction between the rod-like support arm 72 and aU-shaped channel 76 formed on fixinginsert 50. The relative positions ofsupport arm 76 andfixation element 52 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant to adjust the position of the facet joint bearing surface. -
Support arm 72 may also be rotated about its longitudinal axis if desired. While the embodiment shown inFIGS. 4-14 has a substantially spherical facetjoint bearing surface 74, other facet joint bearing surface shapes may be used as well, and rotation ofsupport arm 72 can help adjust the orientation of the facet joint bearing surface. Once again, the relative positions ofsupport arm 72, facetjoint bearing surface 74 andfixation element 52 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant. - One preferred method of installation, assembly and use of the cephalad facet
joint prosthesis 40 is as follows.Fixation element 52 is inserted through the interior bore ofbase 42 until itshead 54 rests againstsurface 91 ofbase 42. Aneck 92 formed withinbase 42 has a diameter smaller than the diameter ofhead 54 to preventfixation element 52 from passing throughbase 42. A driver tool (not shown) is then placed in well 58 to screwfixation element 52 into the pedicle or other portion of the vertebra. In some embodiments, an insertion hole may be formed in the vertebra prior to screwing infixation element 52. Bone cement may also be used to holdfixation element 52 in place after insertion. - Next, the fixing
insert 50 is placed withinbase 42 to rest onfixation element head 54. The U-shaped channel defining theupper surface 76 of the fixinginsert 50 is aligned with aU-shaped opening 84 of thebase member 42.Support arm 72 of the artificial facetjoint element 44 is placed within theU-shaped opening 84 ofbase 42 and fixinginsert 50. - A fixing
nut 48 is threadably engaged with the outer periphery ofbase 42 above the artificial facetjoint element 44. Similarly, aset screw 46 is threadably engaged with the inner periphery ofbase 42 above the artificial facetjoint element 44. The center ofset screw 46 is defined by anaperture 64 having a circumference shaped to mate with a corresponding driver tool (not shown). - Before the
set screw 46 and fixingnut 48 are tightened, the position ofbase 42 is adjusted by rotating the artificial facetjoint element 44, fixinginsert 50 andbase 42 around the outer surface offixation element head 54. As discussed above, the sliding interaction of fixinginsert 50 andbase 42 withhead 54 permit relative rotation of facetjoint element 54 around more than one axis with respect tofixation element 52. The artificial facetjoint element 44 is also adjustable along and about its longitudinal axis withinbase 42 to place facetjoint bearing surface 74 at its desired location. When tightened, fixingnut 48 and setscrew 46 act as fasteners to prevent further relative movement between artificial facetjoint element 44 andfixation element 52. Other fasteners may be used, of course, as known in the art. -
FIGS. 15-19 show one embodiment of an artificial caudal facetjoint prosthesis 100 configured to replace the superior portion of a natural facet joint, such as after the surgical removal of the articulating process forming the superior portion of the facet joint. When thecaudal prosthesis 100 is attached to a vertebra, the artificial facetjoint structure 104 articulates with the inferior half of the facet joint. The inferior half of the facet joint can comprise the natural inferior half of the facet joint (i.e., the natural inferior articulatingsurface 31 and supportingbony structure 28 shown inFIGS. 2 and 3 ) on the vertebral body below the facet joint. Alternatively, the inferior half of the facet joint may be comprised of an artificial facetjoint structure 44, such as the cephalad prosthesis shown inFIGS. 4-14 . -
Prosthesis 100 includes an artificial facetjoint element 104 connected to afixation element 116 via apolyaxial connection 115 that permits facetjoint element 104 andfixation element 116 to be rotated with respect to each other around more than one axis. Like the embodiment shown inFIGS. 4-14 , the embodiment ofFIGS. 15-19 permits continuous adjustment through relative rotation of the facet joint element and the fixation element around many different axes through an adjustability range, up to a motion limit provided by a limit stop. In other embodiments, however, the number of axes of rotation may be limited, and the movement may be permitted only in discreet increments. - The relative positions of facet
joint element 104 andfixation element 116 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant. After implant and adjustment, the facetjoint bearing surface 118 of facetjoint element 104 may be in an anatomically correct position within the patient's body or in an non-anatomically correct position, depending on the requirements of the situation. For example,FIG. 20 shows facetjoint prosthesis 104 implanted and adjusted to place the facetjoint bearing surface 118 laterally from themidline 119 ofvertebrae - In alternative embodiments, other convex or concave shapes may be used for the facet joint bearing surface.
Bearing surface 118 may be formed from biocompatible metals (such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.), ceramics, polyethylene, biocompatible polymers, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. -
Fixation element 116 may be a screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. As in the embodiment shown inFIGS. 4-14 ,fixation element 116 in this embodiment is a screw with ahead 114 and a securing portion. A well with an outer periphery shaped to mate with a driver tool is formed inhead 114, and the bottom tip offixation element 116 may include cutting edges that facilitate insertion offixation element 116 into the pedicle or other portion of a vertebra. - Many aspects of the caudal prosthesis of this embodiment are similar to aspects of the cephalad prosthesis described above. As shown in
FIGS. 15-19 , thepolyaxial connection 115 ofcaudal prosthesis 100 includes a base 112 connected to asupport arm 102 of facetjoint element 104. In alternative embodiments,base 112 may be integral with facetjoint element 104.Base 112 has a concave inside surface that corresponds to and mates with a corresponding convex surface formed on thehead 114 offixation element 116. A fixinginsert 110 withinbase 112 also has a concave surface corresponding to and mating withfixation element head 114 as shown. The concave surfaces of the base and fixing insert slide along the convex surface of thefixation element head 114 to permit continuous adjustment through relative rotation between facetjoint element 104 andfixation element 116 along any axis-desired. Alimit stop surface 120 formed on the inside ofbase 112 interacts withfixation element 116 to limit the range of relative rotational motion betweenbase 112 andfixation element 116 to be within an adjustability range. - In some embodiments, the facet joint prosthesis may also provide for longitudinal adjustment of the facet joint bearing surface location. For example, in the embodiment shown in
FIGS. 15-19 , a longitudinallyadjustable connection 111 permits supportarm 102 to be moved along its longitudinal axis with respect tofixation element 116. In this embodiment, longitudinallyadjustable connection 111 is formed from the interaction between the rod-like support arm 102 and a U-shaped channel formed on fixinginsert 110. The relative positions ofsupport arm 102 andfixation element 116 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant to adjust the position of the facet joint bearing surface. - Caudal facet
joint bearing surface 118 is shaped to mate with a corresponding artificial cephalad facet joint bearing surface that is spherically shaped. In this embodiment, bearingsurface 118 is generally concave with a length along one axis 126 greater than the length along a perpendicular axis 128. Other bearing surface shapes may be used, of course.Support arm 102 may be rotated about its longitudinal axis to adjust the orientation of bearingsurface 118, and the relative positions ofsupport arm 102, facetjoint bearing surface 118 andfixation element 116 may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant. - One preferred method of installation, assembly and use of the caudal facet
joint prosthesis 100 is as follows.Fixation element 116 is inserted through the interior bore ofbase 112 until itshead 114 rests against theinterior surface 91 ofbase 112. Aneck 122 formed withinbase 112 has a diameter smaller than the diameter offixation element head 114 to preventfixation element 116 from passing throughbase 112. A driver tool (not shown) is then used to screwfixation element 116 into the pedicle or other portion of the vertebra. In some embodiments, an insertion hole may be formed in the vertebra prior to screwing infixation element 116. Bone cement may also be used to holdfixation element 116 in place after insertion. - Next, the fixing
insert 100 is placed withinbase 112 to rest onfixation element head 114. A U-shaped channel in the upper surface of the fixinginsert 100 is aligned with a U-shaped opening of thebase member 112.Support arm 102 of the artificial facetjoint element 104 is placed within the U-shaped opening ofbase 112 and fixinginsert 100. - A fixing
nut 108 is threadably engaged with the outer periphery ofbase 112 above the artificial facetjoint element 104. Similarly, aset screw 106 is threadably engaged with the inner periphery ofbase 112 above the artificial facetjoint element 104. The center ofset screw 106 is defined by an aperture having a circumference shaped to mate with a corresponding driver tool (not shown). - Before the
set screw 106 and fixingnut 108 are tightened, the position ofbase 112 is adjusted by rotating the artificial facetjoint element 104, fixinginsert 100 andbase 112 around the outer surface offixation element head 114. As discussed above, the sliding interaction of fixinginsert 100 andbase 112 withhead 114 permit relative rotation of facetjoint element 104 around more than one axis with respect tofixation element 116. The artificial facetjoint element 104 is also adjustable along and about its longitudinal axis withinbase 112 to place facetjoint bearing surface 118 at its desired location. When tightened, fixingnut 108 and setscrew 106 act as fasteners to prevent further relative movement between artificial facetjoint element 104 andfixation element 116. Other fasteners may be used, of course, as known in the art. - From the description herein, it should be understood that either the
cephalad prosthesis 40 or thecaudal prosthesis 100 may be used for unilateral facet joint replacement (one side of a given vertebral body). Theprostheses - Furthermore, as shown in
FIGS. 20 and 21 , a system comprised of bothprostheses caudal prosthesis 100 are desirably positioned to form an articulated system that replaces a natural facet joint.Cephalad prostheses 40 are attached to the superior adjoining vertebra and replace the articulating function of the cephalad portion of the natural facet joints. Likewise,caudal prostheses 100 are attached to the inferior adjoining vertebra and replace the articulating function of the caudal portion of the natural facet joints. The facet joint bearing surfaces ofprostheses FIGS. 20 and 21 . -
FIG. 20 provides a posterior elevation view of two adjacent lumbar vertebrae after removal of the inferior and superior halves of the natural facet joints on both the left and right sides of the adjacent vertebrae. Since the inferior and superior halves of the natural facet joint are removed, the artificial articular configuration need not be constrained by, and can be unlike, the preexisting articulation of the natural facet joint prior to its removal. - Preferably, a polyaxial attachment mechanism is configured to attach either the
cephalad prostheses 40 to the superior adjoining vertebra, or thecaudal prostheses 100 to the inferior adjoining vertebra, or both. As described earlier, the polyaxial attachment mechanism permits the position of the artificial facet joint structure of the cephalad and/orcaudal prosthesis 40, 100 (as the case may be) to be adjusted along more than one axis after the polyaxial attachment mechanism has been attached to the superior and/or inferior vertebra. Thesystems 130 depicted inFIGS. 20 and 21 include polyaxial attachment mechanisms for both the cephalad prostheses and the caudal prostheses. Accordingly, a physician is provided maximum flexibility to position the articulating surfaces of theprostheses -
FIGS. 22-24 show cephalad and caudal facet joint prostheses according to another embodiment of the invention providing an artificial facet joint located approximately at the center or midline of the vertebrae to which the prostheses are attached.Cephalad prosthesis 200 has a facet joint element 201 including two support arms orrods surface element 206. While other materials may be used, supportarms surface element 206 is preferably formed from biocompatible metals (such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.), ceramics, polyethylene, biocompatible polymers, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. In this embodiment, supportarms surface element 206 are separate elements and may be selected from a kit containing different size elements to meet the needs of the patient. For example, support arms ranging in size from 10 mm to 25 mm in length may be used for cephalad prostheses attached to the L4 vertebra. - In alternative embodiments, support
arms surface 206. In other alternative embodiments, one or more bushings (not shown) are disposed between bearingsurface element 206 and thesupport arms surface element 206 to rotate aboutsupport arms -
Support arms superior vertebra 208 via fixation elements such as screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. As shown, the fixation elements attachprosthesis 200 to pedicle portions ofvertebra 208. Attachment to other portions ofvertebra 208 are possible as well. -
Polyaxial connections support arms support arms polyaxial connections support arms polyaxial connections FIGS. 4-19 . In other embodiments, however, other polyaxial connections may be used; the number of axes of rotation may also be limited, and movement may be permitted only in discrete increments. - The relative positions of cephalad facet joint element 201 and the fixation elements may be set prior to implant, after implant, or both before and after implant. In addition, this embodiment provides for longitudinal adjustment between the facet joint element 201 and the fixation elements. The longitudinally
adjustable connections permits arms FIGS. 4-19 . In this embodiment, supportarms support arms joint bearing surface 206. -
FIGS. 22-24 also show a caudal facetjoint prosthesis 300 with an artificial facetjoint bearing surface 302 supported bysupport arms facet bearing surface 302 is disposed substantially at the midline ofvertebra 308 so as to meet and interact with thefacet bearing surface 206 ofcephalad prosthesis 200, as shown.Fixation elements support arms vertebra 308, such as at pedicle portions of the vertebra.Fixation elements arms facet bearing surface 302 are formed as a integral piece. In other embodiments, these elements may be formed as separate pieces. In use,caudal prosthesis 300 may be selected from a kit containing caudal prostheses of different sizes, such as between 32 mm and 60 mm wide prostheses for the L5 vertebra. -
FIGS. 25-30 show yet another embodiment of the invention providing another artificial facet joint located approximately at the midline of the vertebrae. Cephalad prosthesis 400 has a facet joint element including two support arms orrods cephalad bearing element 406. In this embodiment, facetjoint element 406 includes a facet jointbearing surface element 414 with a facetjoint bearing surface 416 formed on one side thereof. As shown, facet jointbearing surface element 414 has aplate 418 extending from its posterior side. In this embodiment,plate 418 attaches to facet jointbearing surface element 414 via a force fit connection at the crossbar'scenterpoint 420.Plate 418 connects to supportarms polyaxial connections plate 418 and the size of bearingsurface 416, may be determined by a sizing tool and selected appropriately. -
Support arms superior vertebra 408 via fixation elements such as screw, stem, corkscrew, wire, staple, adhesive, bone, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. As shown, the fixation elements arescrews 403 which attach prosthesis 400 to pedicle portions ofvertebra 408. Attachment to other portions ofvertebra 408 are possible as well. -
Polyaxial connections support arms support arms joint element 406, to be rotated about the pedicle fixation elements around more than one axis. In fact,polyaxial connections support arms polyaxial connections FIGS. 4-19 . In other embodiments, however, other polyaxial connections may be used; the number of axes of rotation may also be limited, and movement may be permitted only in discrete increments. - The structure of
polyaxial connections FIG. 30 . As shown,support arm 404 has ahead 426 with a substantiallyspherical surface 428 disposed in aspherical pocket 430 formed inplate 418.Support 404 extends through anopening 432 inplate 418 that is wider than the arm portion ofsupport arm 404 but narrower than thesupport arm head 426. As can be seen fromFIG. 30 , the connection betweensupport arm 404 andplate 418 permits supportarm 404 andplate 418 to be rotated with respect to each other about more than one axis. Once the proper relative orientation has been achieved, anut 434 mounted on a threadedportion 436 ofsupport arm 404 is tightened againstplate 418. The concave face ofnut 434 matches the convex shape of the underside ofplate 418 to enablenut 434 to be tightened againstplate 418 to maintain the relative orientation ofsupport arm 404 andplate 418.Polyaxial connection 422 has a substantially similar construction. - While other materials may be used, support
arms plate 418 are preferably formed from titanium, and facetjoint element 406 is preferably formed from biocompatible metals (such as cobalt chromium steel, surgical steels, titanium, titanium alloys, tantalum, tantalum alloys, aluminum, etc.), ceramics, polyethylene, biocompatible polymers, and other materials known in the prosthetic arts. -
Caudal prosthesis 500 has an artificial facetjoint bearing surface 502 supported bysupport arms joint bearing surface 502 is disposed substantially at the midline ofvertebra 508 so as to meet and interact with the facetjoint bearing surface 416 of the cephalad prosthesis 400, as shown inFIG. 28 . When installed in the patient, supportarms joint bearing surface 502 above the dura portion of the vertebra. -
Fixation elements caudal prosthesis 500 tovertebra 508, such as at pedicle portions of the vertebra as shown.Fixation elements FIGS. 25-30 ,fixation elements - The appropriate size of
caudal prosthesis 500 may be determined by using a sizing tool. To attachcaudal prosthesis 500 tovertebra 508, a probe is used to determine the appropriate screw length to be used, as known in the art. The probe makes a pilot hole for the screw. As shown inFIG. 30 , thescrews caudal screw housings surface 518 ofhousing 514. The screws have substantially spherical heads, such as screw head 520 ofscrew 510. The interaction of the spherical screw heads with the conical screw housing surfaces enables the screws to be inserted at angles other than 90°. After insertion, setscrews screw housings support arms - The interaction between the cephalad and caudal bearing surfaces governs how the vertebrae to which they are attached move with respect to each other. The bearing surface shapes can provide motion limit stops and can help replace the function of removed ligaments. For example, the cephalad and caudal bearing surfaces of some preferred embodiments of the invention provide for ranges of motion of 0 to 20 degrees in flexion, 0 to 10 degrees in extension, 0 to 15 degrees in axial rotation, and 0 to 4 degrees in lateral bending.
- The relative shapes of the cephalad and caudal bearing surfaces also govern the quality of the relative movement between the vertebrae to which they are attached. For example, the quality of the relative movement provided by the movable cephalad bearing surface described above with reference to
FIGS. 22-24 is different than the sliding point of contact connection between the concave cephalad bearing surface and convex caudal bearing surface of the embodiment shown inFIGS. 25-30 . - While preferred embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (77)
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/737,705 US20050131406A1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2003-12-15 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
EP04822229.3A EP1732477B1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-10 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
BRPI0417645-6A BRPI0417645A (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-10 | facet joint prosthesis |
CA002548545A CA2548545A1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-10 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
AU2004323518A AU2004323518A1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-10 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
KR1020067014209A KR20070029645A (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-10 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
JP2006545765A JP2007513742A (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-10 | Multi-axis adjustment of facet joint prosthesis |
PCT/US2004/041539 WO2006033659A2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-10 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
CNA2004800405214A CN1997327A (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2004-12-10 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
IL176148A IL176148A0 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2006-06-06 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
US12/058,403 US9056016B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2008-03-28 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
US14/709,535 US9872776B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2015-05-12 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/737,705 US20050131406A1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2003-12-15 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/058,403 Continuation US9056016B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2008-03-28 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050131406A1 true US20050131406A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
Family
ID=34654191
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/737,705 Abandoned US20050131406A1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2003-12-15 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
US12/058,403 Active 2026-10-12 US9056016B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2008-03-28 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
US14/709,535 Expired - Lifetime US9872776B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2015-05-12 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/058,403 Active 2026-10-12 US9056016B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2008-03-28 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
US14/709,535 Expired - Lifetime US9872776B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2015-05-12 | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20050131406A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1732477B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007513742A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070029645A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1997327A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004323518A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0417645A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2548545A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL176148A0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006033659A2 (en) |
Cited By (177)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030191532A1 (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2003-10-09 | Goble E. Marlowe | Facet joint replacement |
US20050131545A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-16 | Alan Chervitz | Spinal facet implant with spherical implant apposition surface and bone bed and methods of use |
US20050215999A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-29 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Spinal fixation element and methods |
US20050278026A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-12-15 | Gordon Charles R | Expandable intervertebral implant with wedged expansion member |
US20060149278A1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2006-07-06 | Abdou Amy M | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US20060247637A1 (en) * | 2004-08-09 | 2006-11-02 | Dennis Colleran | System and method for dynamic skeletal stabilization |
US20070043359A1 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2007-02-22 | Moti Altarac | Systems and methods for stabilization of bone structures |
US20070073396A1 (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-29 | Impliant Ltd. | Adjustable spinal prostheses |
US20070073399A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2007-03-29 | Zipnick Richard I | Minimally invasive apparatus to manipulate and revitalize spinal column disc |
US20070093828A1 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-26 | Abdou M S | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US20070106383A1 (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2007-05-10 | Abdou M S | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US20070167948A1 (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-07-19 | Abdou M S | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US20070213720A1 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2007-09-13 | Southwest Research Institute | Dynamic interbody device |
US20070233091A1 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-10-04 | Naifeh Bill R | Multi-level spherical linkage implant system |
US20080015585A1 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2008-01-17 | Philip Berg | Minimally invasive spine restoration systems, devices, methods and kits |
US20080021458A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-24 | Warsaw Orthopedic Inc. | Minimal spacing spinal stabilization device and method |
US20080027438A1 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-01-31 | Abdou M S | Devices and methods for the minimally invasive treatment of spinal stenosis |
US20080097441A1 (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2008-04-24 | Stanley Kyle Hayes | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US20080125813A1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-05-29 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Low profile vertebral stabilization systems and methods |
US20080140207A1 (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-12 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US20080275507A1 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-11-06 | Faucet Solutions, Inc. | Facet Joint Replacement |
US20080292161A1 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2008-11-27 | Funk Michael J | Implantable orthopedic device component selection instrument and methods |
WO2009060426A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Spine21 Ltd. | Posterior-medial facet support assembly |
US20090292361A1 (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-11-26 | Rudolf Morgenstern Lopez | Intervertebral implant and installation tool |
US7674293B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2010-03-09 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and related implantation methods |
US7691145B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2010-04-06 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Prostheses, systems and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US20100087880A1 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2010-04-08 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Facet Joint Replacement Instruments and Methods |
US20100087874A1 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2010-04-08 | Jong Wuk Jang | Pedicle screw |
US7722647B1 (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2010-05-25 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Apparatus and method for posterior vertebral stabilization |
US7785351B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2010-08-31 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal implant unit system and method for use |
US7815648B2 (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2010-10-19 | Facet Solutions, Inc | Surgical measurement systems and methods |
US7854752B2 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2010-12-21 | Theken Spine, Llc | System and method for dynamic skeletal stabilization |
US20110004247A1 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2011-01-06 | Beat Lechmann | Facet interference screw |
US7909869B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2011-03-22 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial spinal unit assemblies |
US7914556B2 (en) | 2005-03-02 | 2011-03-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Arthroplasty revision system and method |
US7935134B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2011-05-03 | Exactech, Inc. | Systems and methods for stabilization of bone structures |
US7942900B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-05-17 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Shaped horizontal rod for dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US7955390B2 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2011-06-07 | GME Delaware 2 LLC | Method and apparatus for spine joint replacement |
US7959677B2 (en) | 2007-01-19 | 2011-06-14 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal unit system and method for use |
US7963978B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-21 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Method for implanting a deflection rod system and customizing the deflection rod system for a particular patient need for dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system |
US7993372B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-08-09 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system with a shielded deflection rod system and method |
US7993373B2 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2011-08-09 | Hoy Robert W | Polyaxial orthopedic fastening apparatus |
US7998175B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2011-08-16 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8007518B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-08-30 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing component having a deflectable post and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8012181B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-09-06 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Modular in-line deflection rod and bone anchor system and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8016861B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-09-13 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Versatile polyaxial connector assembly and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8021396B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-09-20 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Configurable dynamic spinal rod and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8025681B2 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2011-09-27 | Theken Spine, Llc | Dynamic motion spinal stabilization system |
US8034081B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 | 2011-10-11 | CollabComl, LLC | Interspinous dynamic stabilization implant and method of implanting |
US8043337B2 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2011-10-25 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Implant system and method to treat degenerative disorders of the spine |
US8048115B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-01 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Surgical tool and method for implantation of a dynamic bone anchor |
US8057517B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-11-15 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing component having a deflectable post and centering spring and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8066771B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2011-11-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20110307018A1 (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-15 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Adaptive spinal rod and methods for stabilization of the spine |
US8083775B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-12-27 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a natural center of rotation and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8083772B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-12-27 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic spinal rod assembly and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8092501B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-01-10 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic spinal rod and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
WO2012006216A1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-01-12 | X-Spine Systems, Inc. | Spinal stabilization system utilizing screw and external facet and/or lamina fixation |
US8096996B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2012-01-17 | Exactech, Inc. | Rod reducer |
US8097024B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-01-17 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a deflectable post and method for stabilization of the spine |
US8114134B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-02-14 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Spinal prosthesis having a three bar linkage for motion preservation and dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8157844B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-04-17 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Dampener system for a posterior stabilization system with a variable length elongated member |
US8162994B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-04-24 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Posterior stabilization system with isolated, dual dampener systems |
US8182514B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-05-22 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Dampener system for a posterior stabilization system with a fixed length elongated member |
US8187303B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2012-05-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Anti-rotation fixation element for spinal prostheses |
US8187330B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-05-29 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Dampener system for a posterior stabilization system with a variable length elongated member |
US20120150303A1 (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2012-06-14 | Linares Medical Devices, Llc | Spine support implant including inter vertebral insertable fluid ballastable insert and inter-vertebral web retaining harnesses |
US8211155B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-07-03 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a durable compliant member and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8221461B2 (en) | 2004-10-25 | 2012-07-17 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and systems for treating spinal pathologies |
US8231655B2 (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2012-07-31 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Prostheses and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US8257397B2 (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2012-09-04 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Low profile spinal prosthesis incorporating a bone anchor having a deflectable post and a compound spinal rod |
US8267979B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-09-18 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a deflectable post and axial spring and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8267965B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-09-18 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Spinal stabilization systems with dynamic interbody devices |
US8267969B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-09-18 | Exactech, Inc. | Screw systems and methods for use in stabilization of bone structures |
US8333792B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-12-18 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a deflectable post and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8337536B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-12-25 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a deflectable post with a compliant ring and method for stabilization of the spine |
US8398681B2 (en) | 2004-08-18 | 2013-03-19 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Adjacent level facet arthroplasty devices, spine stabilization systems, and methods |
US8409254B2 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2013-04-02 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US8430916B1 (en) | 2012-02-07 | 2013-04-30 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Spinal rod connectors, methods of use, and spinal prosthesis incorporating spinal rod connectors |
US8523912B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2013-09-03 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Posterior stabilization systems with shared, dual dampener systems |
US8523865B2 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2013-09-03 | Exactech, Inc. | Tissue splitter |
US8556936B2 (en) | 2000-11-29 | 2013-10-15 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet joint replacement |
US8562649B2 (en) | 2004-02-17 | 2013-10-22 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for multiple level facet joint arthroplasty and fusion |
US8702755B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2014-04-22 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Angled washer polyaxial connection for dynamic spine prosthesis |
US20140180338A1 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2014-06-26 | Globus Medical, Inc | System and Method for Bone Anchorage |
US8764801B2 (en) | 2005-03-28 | 2014-07-01 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet joint implant crosslinking apparatus and method |
US20140288601A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-25 | Atlas Spine, Inc. | Facet fixation with anchor wire |
US8845649B2 (en) | 2004-09-24 | 2014-09-30 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool set and method for rod reduction and fastener insertion |
US8852239B2 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2014-10-07 | Roger P Jackson | Sagittal angle screw with integral shank and receiver |
US8870928B2 (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2014-10-28 | Roger P. Jackson | Helical guide and advancement flange with radially loaded lip |
US8894657B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2014-11-25 | Roger P. Jackson | Tool system for dynamic spinal implants |
US8900273B2 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2014-12-02 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Taper-locking fixation system |
US8911478B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2014-12-16 | Roger P. Jackson | Splay control closure for open bone anchor |
US8926670B2 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2015-01-06 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw assembly |
US8926672B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2015-01-06 | Roger P. Jackson | Splay control closure for open bone anchor |
US8940051B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2015-01-27 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Interbody device insertion systems and methods |
US8986355B2 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2015-03-24 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Facet fusion implant |
US8998960B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2015-04-07 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw with helically wound capture connection |
US8998959B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2015-04-07 | Roger P Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchors with pop-on shank, fully constrained friction fit retainer and lock and release insert |
US9050139B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2015-06-09 | Roger P. Jackson | Orthopedic implant rod reduction tool set and method |
US9050148B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2015-06-09 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool attachment structure |
US9055978B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2015-06-16 | Roger P. Jackson | Orthopedic implant rod reduction tool set and method |
US9056016B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2015-06-16 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
EP1973484A4 (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2015-08-12 | Facet Soulutions Inc | System and method for multiple level facet joint arthroplasty and fusion |
US9144444B2 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2015-09-29 | Roger P Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with helical capture connection, insert and dual locking assembly |
US9168069B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2015-10-27 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with pop-on shank and winged insert with lower skirt for engaging a friction fit retainer |
US9198766B2 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2015-12-01 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Prostheses, tools, and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US9211150B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2015-12-15 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool set and method |
US9216039B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2015-12-22 | Roger P. Jackson | Dynamic spinal stabilization assemblies, tool set and method |
US9308027B2 (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2016-04-12 | Roger P Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw with shank articulation pressure insert and method |
US9326806B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2016-05-03 | Crosstrees Medical, Inc. | Devices and methods for the treatment of bone fracture |
US20160151095A1 (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2016-06-02 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Systems for spinal stabilization |
US9393047B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2016-07-19 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with pop-on shank and friction fit retainer with low profile edge lock |
US9439683B2 (en) | 2007-01-26 | 2016-09-13 | Roger P Jackson | Dynamic stabilization member with molded connection |
US9451993B2 (en) | 2014-01-09 | 2016-09-27 | Roger P. Jackson | Bi-radial pop-on cervical bone anchor |
US9492288B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2016-11-15 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Expandable fusion device for positioning between adjacent vertebral bodies |
US9504496B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2016-11-29 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with pop-on shank, friction fit retainer and winged insert |
US9517144B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2016-12-13 | Exactech, Inc. | Limited profile intervertebral implant with incorporated fastening mechanism |
US9522070B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2016-12-20 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US9526627B2 (en) | 2011-11-17 | 2016-12-27 | Exactech, Inc. | Expandable interbody device system and method |
US9566092B2 (en) | 2013-10-29 | 2017-02-14 | Roger P. Jackson | Cervical bone anchor with collet retainer and outer locking sleeve |
US9597119B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2017-03-21 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with polymer sleeve |
US9636146B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2017-05-02 | Roger P. Jackson | Multi-start closures for open implants |
US9662143B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2017-05-30 | Roger P Jackson | Dynamic fixation assemblies with inner core and outer coil-like member |
US9668771B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2017-06-06 | Roger P Jackson | Soft stabilization assemblies with off-set connector |
US9717533B2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2017-08-01 | Roger P. Jackson | Bone anchor closure pivot-splay control flange form guide and advancement structure |
US9839530B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2017-12-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Highly lordosed fusion cage |
US9883951B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2018-02-06 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Artificial disc |
US9895236B2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2018-02-20 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Enhanced cage insertion assembly |
US9907574B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2018-03-06 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchors with pop-on shank, friction fit fully restrained retainer, insert and tool receiving features |
US9913727B2 (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2018-03-13 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable implant |
US9918745B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2018-03-20 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with pop-on shank and winged insert with friction fit compressive collet |
US9931223B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2018-04-03 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9993349B2 (en) | 2002-06-27 | 2018-06-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral disc |
US10039578B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2018-08-07 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Methods and devices for minimally invasive spinal fixation element placement |
US10039577B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2018-08-07 | Roger P Jackson | Bone anchor receiver with horizontal radiused tool attachment structures and parallel planar outer surfaces |
US10058433B2 (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2018-08-28 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable implant |
US10058354B2 (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2018-08-28 | Roger P. Jackson | Pivotal bone anchor assembly with frictional shank head seating surfaces |
US10064658B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2018-09-04 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with insert guides |
US10299839B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2019-05-28 | Medos International Sárl | Percutaneous access devices and bone anchor assemblies |
US10349983B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2019-07-16 | Alphatec Spine, Inc. | Pivotal bone anchor assembly with biased bushing for pre-lock friction fit |
US10398563B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2019-09-03 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable cage |
US10398565B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2019-09-03 | Choice Spine, Llc | Limited profile intervertebral implant with incorporated fastening and locking mechanism |
US10433977B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2019-10-08 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant and associated method of manufacturing the same |
WO2019193439A1 (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-10 | Sullivan Barrera Jr Michael O | Facetory stabiliser device for a pedicle screw |
US10500062B2 (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Bellows-like expandable interbody fusion cage |
US10537436B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2020-01-21 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Curved expandable cage |
US10543107B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2020-01-28 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US10548740B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2020-02-04 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US10548741B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2020-02-04 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Distractible intervertebral implant |
US10575961B1 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2020-03-03 | Samy Abdou | Spinal fixation devices and methods of use |
US10695105B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2020-06-30 | Samy Abdou | Spinal fixation devices and methods of use |
US10857003B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2020-12-08 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral stabilization |
WO2020261046A1 (en) * | 2019-06-23 | 2020-12-30 | Premia Spine Ltd. | Bi-directional motion spinal implant |
US10888433B2 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2021-01-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant inserter and related methods |
US10940016B2 (en) | 2017-07-05 | 2021-03-09 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral fusion cage |
US10973648B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2021-04-13 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US11006982B2 (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2021-05-18 | Samy Abdou | Spinous process fixation devices and methods of use |
US11076891B2 (en) | 2019-06-23 | 2021-08-03 | Premia Spine Ltd. | Bi-directional motion spinal implant |
US11173040B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2021-11-16 | Cogent Spine, LLC | Devices and methods for spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US11179248B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2021-11-23 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for spinal implantation |
US11229457B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2022-01-25 | Roger P. Jackson | Pivotal bone anchor assembly with insert tool deployment |
US11234745B2 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2022-02-01 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw assembly with partially spherical screw head and twist in place pressure insert |
US11241261B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2022-02-08 | Roger P Jackson | Apparatus and method for soft spinal stabilization using a tensionable cord and releasable end structure |
US11344424B2 (en) | 2017-06-14 | 2022-05-31 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral implant and related methods |
US11395626B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2022-07-26 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Sensor for intervertebral fusion indicia |
US11419642B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2022-08-23 | Medos International Sarl | Percutaneous access devices and bone anchor assemblies |
US11426286B2 (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2022-08-30 | Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11426290B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2022-08-30 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant, system, kit and method |
US11446156B2 (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2022-09-20 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral implant, inserter instrument, and related methods |
US11452607B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2022-09-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable interspinous process spacer implant |
US11510788B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2022-11-29 | Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh | Expandable, angularly adjustable intervertebral cages |
US11596523B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2023-03-07 | Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh | Expandable and angularly adjustable articulating intervertebral cages |
US11612491B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2023-03-28 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Zero profile spinal fusion cage |
US11752009B2 (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2023-09-12 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral fusion cage |
US11850160B2 (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2023-12-26 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable lordotic intervertebral fusion cage |
US11911287B2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2024-02-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage |
Families Citing this family (49)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8398682B2 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2013-03-19 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw assembly |
US8377102B2 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2013-02-19 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with spline capture connection and lower pressure insert |
US8137386B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2012-03-20 | Jackson Roger P | Polyaxial bone screw apparatus |
US9161783B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2015-10-20 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Interspinous spacer |
US8273108B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-09-25 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Interspinous spacer |
US8128662B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-03-06 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Minimally invasive tooling for delivery of interspinous spacer |
US8613747B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2013-12-24 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Spacer insertion instrument |
US9023084B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2015-05-05 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for stabilizing the motion or adjusting the position of the spine |
US8167944B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-05-01 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8317864B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-11-27 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US9119680B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2015-09-01 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Interspinous spacer |
US8945183B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2015-02-03 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Interspinous process spacer instrument system with deployment indicator |
US8425559B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2013-04-23 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8152837B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-04-10 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8123807B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-02-28 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US7763074B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2010-07-27 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8409282B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2013-04-02 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8277488B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-10-02 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Interspinous spacer |
US8123782B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-02-28 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Interspinous spacer |
US8012207B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2011-09-06 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
JP2008519656A (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2008-06-12 | ロジャー・ピー・ジャクソン | Helical guide and forward flange with break extension |
US9980753B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2018-05-29 | Roger P Jackson | pivotal anchor with snap-in-place insert having rotation blocking extensions |
US8556938B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2013-10-15 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with non-pivotable retainer and pop-on shank, some with friction fit |
US8308782B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2012-11-13 | Jackson Roger P | Bone anchors with longitudinal connecting member engaging inserts and closures for fixation and optional angulation |
EP2219538B1 (en) | 2004-12-06 | 2022-07-06 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Spacer insertion instrument |
US10076361B2 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2018-09-18 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw with spherical capture, compression and alignment and retention structures |
DE102005021879B4 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2007-04-12 | Aesculap Ag & Co. Kg | Orthopedic anchoring element and osteosynthesis device |
US7951198B2 (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2011-05-31 | Acumed Llc | Bone connector with pivotable joint |
US8845726B2 (en) | 2006-10-18 | 2014-09-30 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Dilator |
US20080161853A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-03 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Spine stabilization system with dynamic screw |
US10792074B2 (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2020-10-06 | Roger P. Jackson | Pivotal bone anchor assemly with twist-in-place friction fit insert |
WO2008130564A1 (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-30 | Vertiflex Inc. | Interspinous spacer |
US8202302B2 (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2012-06-19 | Mi4Spine, Llc | Pedicle screw and rod system |
WO2009091922A2 (en) | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-23 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Interspinous spacer |
US20110100391A1 (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2011-05-05 | Mauro Paolacci | Modular hair styling apparatus |
EP2512357B1 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2016-07-13 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Spinal spacer for cervical and other vertebra, and associated systems |
JP2013545527A (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2013-12-26 | ロジャー・ピー・ジャクソン | Multi-axis bone anchor with pop-on shank and pivotable retainer |
WO2012128825A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-27 | Jackson Roger P | Polyaxial bone anchor with compound articulation and pop-on shank |
KR101336739B1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-12-04 | (주)오티스바이오텍 | Poly Hole Screw for Injecting Bone Cement |
US9271759B2 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2016-03-01 | Institute Of Musculoskeletal Science And Education, Ltd. | Pedicle screw assembly with locking cap |
US8998968B1 (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2015-04-07 | Choice Spine, Lp | Facet screw system |
US9675303B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-06-13 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Visualization systems, instruments and methods of using the same in spinal decompression procedures |
EP2777628B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-02-28 | Neos Surgery, S.L. | Device for repairing an intervertebral disc |
AU2015256024B2 (en) | 2014-05-07 | 2020-03-05 | Vertiflex, Inc. | Spinal nerve decompression systems, dilation systems, and methods of using the same |
EP3313326B1 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2024-01-03 | Institute For Musculoskeletal Science And Education, Ltd. | Interbody fusion device and system for implantation |
CA3019527A1 (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | Restorative Spine, LLC | Facet joint replacement device and methods of use |
US10307265B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2019-06-04 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Implant with deployable blades |
US10405992B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2019-09-10 | Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. | Spinal fusion implant |
CN109009380B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2021-03-02 | 黄振强 | Spine posterior multi-point fixing device |
Citations (87)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2502902A (en) * | 1946-01-25 | 1950-04-04 | Benjamin F Tofflemire | Intraoral fracture and orthodontic appliance |
US2930133A (en) * | 1957-07-08 | 1960-03-29 | Thompson Joseph Clay | Apparatus to aid in determining abnormal positions of spinal vertebrae |
US3710789A (en) * | 1970-12-04 | 1973-01-16 | Univ Minnesota | Method of repairing bone fractures with expanded metal |
US3867728A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1975-02-25 | Cutter Lab | Prosthesis for spinal repair |
US3875595A (en) * | 1974-04-15 | 1975-04-08 | Edward C Froning | Intervertebral disc prosthesis and instruments for locating same |
US3941127A (en) * | 1974-10-03 | 1976-03-02 | Froning Edward C | Apparatus and method for stereotaxic lateral extradural disc puncture |
US4502161A (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1985-03-05 | Wall W H | Prosthetic meniscus for the repair of joints |
US4805602A (en) * | 1986-11-03 | 1989-02-21 | Danninger Medical Technology | Transpedicular screw and rod system |
US4904260A (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1990-02-27 | Cedar Surgical, Inc. | Prosthetic disc containing therapeutic material |
US4911718A (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-03-27 | University Of Medicine & Dentistry Of N.J. | Functional and biocompatible intervertebral disc spacer |
US4987904A (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-01-29 | Wilson James T | Method and apparatus for bone size gauging |
US5000165A (en) * | 1989-05-15 | 1991-03-19 | Watanabe Robert S | Lumbar spine rod fixation system |
US5092866A (en) * | 1989-02-03 | 1992-03-03 | Breard Francis H | Flexible inter-vertebral stabilizer as well as process and apparatus for determining or verifying its tension before installation on the spinal column |
US5105255A (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1992-04-14 | Hughes Aircraft Company | MMIC die attach design for manufacturability |
US5108399A (en) * | 1988-09-17 | 1992-04-28 | Boehringer Ingelheim Gmbh | Device for osteosynthesis and process for producing it |
US5192326A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1993-03-09 | Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. | Hydrogel bead intervertebral disc nucleus |
US5284655A (en) * | 1989-09-21 | 1994-02-08 | Osteotech, Inc. | Swollen demineralized bone particles, flowable osteogenic composition containing same and use of the composition in the repair of osseous defects |
US5300073A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1994-04-05 | Salut, Ltd. | Sacral implant system |
US5303480A (en) * | 1992-11-27 | 1994-04-19 | Chek Paul W | Cranio-cervical sagittal-alignment caliper and universal measurement system |
US5306309A (en) * | 1992-05-04 | 1994-04-26 | Calcitek, Inc. | Spinal disk implant and implantation kit |
US5401269A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1995-03-28 | Waldemar Link Gmbh & Co. | Intervertebral disc endoprosthesis |
US5405390A (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1995-04-11 | Osteotech, Inc. | Osteogenic composition and implant containing same |
US5491882A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-02-20 | Walston; D. Kenneth | Method of making joint prosthesis having PTFE cushion |
US5501684A (en) * | 1992-06-25 | 1996-03-26 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Osteosynthetic fixation device |
US5510396A (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1996-04-23 | Osteotech, Inc. | Process for producing flowable osteogenic composition containing demineralized bone particles |
US5603713A (en) * | 1991-09-24 | 1997-02-18 | Aust; Gilbert M. | Anterior lumbar/cervical bicortical compression plate |
US5609641A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1997-03-11 | Smith & Nephew Richards Inc. | Tibial prosthesis |
US5704941A (en) * | 1995-11-03 | 1998-01-06 | Osteonics Corp. | Tibial preparation apparatus and method |
US5716415A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1998-02-10 | Acromed Corporation | Spinal implant |
US5725527A (en) * | 1992-09-10 | 1998-03-10 | Biedermann Motech Gmbh | Anchoring member |
US5738585A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1998-04-14 | Hoyt, Iii; Raymond Earl | Compact flexible couplings with inside diameter belt support and lock-on features |
US5741255A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1998-04-21 | Acromed Corporation | Spinal column retaining apparatus |
US5741261A (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1998-04-21 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Minimally invasive spinal surgical methods and instruments |
US5860977A (en) * | 1997-01-02 | 1999-01-19 | Saint Francis Medical Technologies, Llc | Spine distraction implant and method |
US5863293A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-01-26 | Spinal Innovations | Spinal implant fixation assembly |
US5865846A (en) * | 1994-11-14 | 1999-02-02 | Bryan; Vincent | Human spinal disc prosthesis |
US5866113A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1999-02-02 | Medtronic, Inc. | Medical device with biomolecule-coated surface graft matrix |
US5868745A (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1999-02-09 | Alleyne; Neville | Spinal protection device |
US5879396A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1999-03-09 | Walston; D. Kenneth | Joint prosthesis having PTFE cushion |
US5879350A (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 1999-03-09 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Multi-axial bone screw assembly |
US5885286A (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 1999-03-23 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Multi-axial bone screw assembly |
US5885285A (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 1999-03-23 | Simonson; Peter Melott | Spinal implant connection assembly |
US5891145A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-04-06 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Multi-axial screw |
US5893889A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-04-13 | Harrington; Michael | Artificial disc |
US6010503A (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2000-01-04 | Spinal Innovations, Llc | Locking mechanism |
US6014588A (en) * | 1998-04-07 | 2000-01-11 | Fitz; William R. | Facet joint pain relief method and apparatus |
US6019792A (en) * | 1998-04-23 | 2000-02-01 | Cauthen Research Group, Inc. | Articulating spinal implant |
US6019759A (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 2000-02-01 | Rogozinski; Chaim | Multi-Directional fasteners or attachment devices for spinal implant elements |
US6022350A (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 2000-02-08 | Stryker France S.A. | Bone fixing device, in particular for fixing to the sacrum during osteosynthesis of the backbone |
US6039763A (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-03-21 | Disc Replacement Technologies, Inc. | Articulating spinal disc prosthesis |
US6048342A (en) * | 1997-01-02 | 2000-04-11 | St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. | Spine distraction implant |
US6190388B1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2001-02-20 | Gary K. Michelson | Anterior spinal instrumentation and method for implantation and revision |
US6193758B1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2001-02-27 | Acumed, Inc. | Shoulder prosthesis |
US6193724B1 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2001-02-27 | Kwan-Ho Chan | Apparatus and method for determining the relative position of bones during surgery |
US6200322B1 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-03-13 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Minimal exposure posterior spinal interbody instrumentation and technique |
US6340361B1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 2002-01-22 | Karl H. Kraus | External fixator clamp and system |
US6340477B1 (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2002-01-22 | Lifenet | Bone matrix composition and methods for making and using same |
US6342054B1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2002-01-29 | Stryker Trauma Sa | Positioning and locking device |
US20020013585A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-31 | Jose Gournay | Spinal implant for an osteosynthesis device |
US20020013588A1 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2002-01-31 | Spinal Concepts, Inc. | Instrument and method for implanting an interbody fusion device |
US20020029039A1 (en) * | 1997-01-02 | 2002-03-07 | Zucherman James F. | Supplemental spine fixation device and methods |
US6361506B1 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-03-26 | Sulzer Orthopedics Inc. | Incremental varus/valgus and flexion/extension measuring instrument |
US20030004572A1 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2003-01-02 | Goble E. Marlowe | Method and apparatus for spine joint replacement |
US6514253B1 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2003-02-04 | Meei-Huei Yao | Apparatus for locating interlocking intramedullary nails |
US6520963B1 (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2003-02-18 | Mckinley Lawrence M. | Vertebral alignment and fixation assembly |
US6524315B1 (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2003-02-25 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Orthopaedic rod/plate locking mechanism |
US20030040797A1 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2003-02-27 | Fallin T. Wade | Prosthesis for the replacement of a posterior element of a vertebra |
US20040006391A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-01-08 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20040049205A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-03-11 | Endo Via Medical, Inc. | Surgical instrument coupling mechanism |
US20040059429A1 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-03-25 | Uri Amin | Mechanically attached elastomeric cover for prosthesis |
US6712818B1 (en) * | 1997-02-11 | 2004-03-30 | Gary K. Michelson | Method for connecting adjacent vertebral bodies of a human spine with a plating system |
US6712849B2 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2004-03-30 | Scandius Biomedical, Inc. | Apparatus and method for reconstructing a ligament |
US20050010291A1 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-01-13 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US20050015146A1 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2005-01-20 | Rene Louis | Posterior vertebral joint prosthesis |
US20050027361A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2005-02-03 | Reiley Mark A. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20050033439A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-10 | Charles Gordon | Artificial functional spinal unit assemblies |
US20050033432A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-10 | Charles Gordon | Artificial spinal unit assemblies |
US20050033434A1 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-10 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Posterior elements motion restoring device |
US20050033431A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-10 | Charles Gordon | Artificial functional spinal unit assemblies |
US20050043799A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2005-02-24 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20050049705A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-03 | Hale Horace Winston | Facet implant |
US20050055096A1 (en) * | 2002-12-31 | 2005-03-10 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Functional spinal unit prosthetic |
US20060029186A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-02-09 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Spinal midline indicator |
US20060041311A1 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-02-23 | Mcleer Thomas J | Devices and methods for treating facet joints |
US20060052785A1 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-03-09 | Augostino Teena M | Adjacent level facet arthroplasty devices, spine stabilization systems, and methods |
US7011658B2 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2006-03-14 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Devices and methods for spinal compression and distraction |
US20060058791A1 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-03-16 | Richard Broman | Implantable spinal device revision system |
Family Cites Families (277)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1308451A (en) | 1917-06-08 | 1919-07-01 | Slocum Avram & Slocum Lab | Sine-bar. |
US2959861A (en) | 1958-04-17 | 1960-11-15 | Martin G Stromquist | Bevel protractor |
US3596656A (en) | 1969-01-21 | 1971-08-03 | Bernd B Kaute | Fracture fixation device |
US3726279A (en) | 1970-10-08 | 1973-04-10 | Carolina Medical Electronics I | Hemostatic vascular cuff |
PL105977B1 (en) | 1976-06-28 | 1979-11-30 | Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska | APPARATUS FOR CORRECTING SPINE CURVES |
US4040130A (en) | 1976-10-12 | 1977-08-09 | Laure Prosthetics, Inc. | Wrist joint prosthesis |
US4156296A (en) | 1977-04-08 | 1979-05-29 | Bio-Dynamics, Inc. | Great (large) toe prosthesis and method of implanting |
US4123848A (en) | 1977-05-31 | 1978-11-07 | Fansteel Inc. | Block profile gauge |
US4210317A (en) | 1979-05-01 | 1980-07-01 | Dorothy Sherry | Apparatus for supporting and positioning the arm and shoulder |
US4231121A (en) | 1979-07-05 | 1980-11-04 | Wright Dow Corning | Metacarpal-phalangeal prosthesis |
CA1146301A (en) | 1980-06-13 | 1983-05-17 | J. David Kuntz | Intervertebral disc prosthesis |
US4472840A (en) | 1981-09-21 | 1984-09-25 | Jefferies Steven R | Method of inducing osseous formation by implanting bone graft material |
US4394370A (en) | 1981-09-21 | 1983-07-19 | Jefferies Steven R | Bone graft material for osseous defects and method of making same |
JPS5910807A (en) | 1981-10-30 | 1984-01-20 | Hisao Ando | Simple seismometer in common use as electroacoustic level |
DE3405518A1 (en) | 1983-02-25 | 1984-08-30 | Smiths Industries Public Ltd. Co., London | GYROSCOPE |
US4693722A (en) | 1983-08-19 | 1987-09-15 | Wall William H | Prosthetic temporomanibular condyle utilizing a prosthetic meniscus |
US4554914A (en) | 1983-10-04 | 1985-11-26 | Kapp John P | Prosthetic vertebral body |
FR2553993B1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1986-02-07 | Peze William | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DYNAMIC CORRECTION OF SPINAL DEFORMATIONS |
US4611581A (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1986-09-16 | Acromed Corporation | Apparatus for straightening spinal columns |
US4778472A (en) | 1985-04-30 | 1988-10-18 | Vitek, Inc. | Implant for reconstruction of temporomanibular joint |
US4795469A (en) | 1986-07-23 | 1989-01-03 | Indong Oh | Threaded acetabular cup and method |
US4710075A (en) | 1986-10-01 | 1987-12-01 | Boehringer Mannheim Corporation | Adjustable drill gauge |
US5019081A (en) | 1986-12-10 | 1991-05-28 | Watanabe Robert S | Laminectomy surgical process |
CA1283501C (en) | 1987-02-12 | 1991-04-30 | Thomas P. Hedman | Artificial spinal disc |
DE8704901U1 (en) | 1987-04-02 | 1987-07-23 | Kluger, Patrick, Dr.Med., 3590 Bad Wildungen, De | |
US4863477A (en) | 1987-05-12 | 1989-09-05 | Monson Gary L | Synthetic intervertebral disc prosthesis |
US5147404A (en) | 1987-12-07 | 1992-09-15 | Downey Ernest L | Vertebra prosthesis |
US5545229A (en) | 1988-08-18 | 1996-08-13 | University Of Medicine And Dentistry Of Nj | Functional and biocompatible intervertebral disc spacer containing elastomeric material of varying hardness |
US4917701A (en) | 1988-09-12 | 1990-04-17 | Morgan Douglas H | Temporomandibular joint prostheses |
US4950270A (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1990-08-21 | Boehringer Mannheim Corporation | Cannulated self-tapping bone screw |
USRE36221E (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1999-06-01 | Breard; Francis Henri | Flexible inter-vertebral stabilizer as well as process and apparatus for determining or verifying its tension before installation on the spinal column |
CA1318469C (en) | 1989-02-15 | 1993-06-01 | Acromed Corporation | Artificial disc |
US4955916A (en) | 1989-05-01 | 1990-09-11 | Techmedica, Inc. | Thumb joint prosthesis |
US5015255A (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1991-05-14 | Spine-Tech, Inc. | Spinal stabilization method |
CA2007210C (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1996-07-09 | Stephen D. Kuslich | Intervertebral reamer |
US4932975A (en) | 1989-10-16 | 1990-06-12 | Vanderbilt University | Vertebral prosthesis |
DE8912648U1 (en) | 1989-10-23 | 1990-11-22 | Mecron Medizinische Produkte Gmbh, 1000 Berlin, De | |
EP0453393B1 (en) | 1990-04-20 | 1993-10-06 | SULZER Medizinaltechnik AG | Implant, particularly intervertebral prosthesis |
US5360431A (en) | 1990-04-26 | 1994-11-01 | Cross Medical Products | Transpedicular screw system and method of use |
US5070623A (en) | 1990-05-02 | 1991-12-10 | Zimmer, Inc. | Prosthetic gauge |
US5129900B1 (en) | 1990-07-24 | 1998-12-29 | Acromed Corp | Spinal column retaining method and apparatus |
US5385567A (en) | 1990-09-07 | 1995-01-31 | Goble; E. Marlowe | Sight barrel arthroscopic instrument |
US5098434A (en) | 1990-11-28 | 1992-03-24 | Boehringer Mannheim Corporation | Porous coated bone screw |
US5047055A (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1991-09-10 | Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. | Hydrogel intervertebral disc nucleus |
JP3007903B2 (en) | 1991-03-29 | 2000-02-14 | 京セラ株式会社 | Artificial disc |
US5577995A (en) | 1991-06-13 | 1996-11-26 | Grace L. Walker | Spinal and soft tissue mobilizer |
EP0546162B1 (en) | 1991-06-25 | 1997-09-03 | Microaire Surgical Instruments, Inc. | Prosthesis for metatarso-phalangeal joint |
FR2681520B1 (en) | 1991-09-24 | 1993-12-24 | Henry Graf | DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE AMPLITUDES OF TWO VERTEBRES IN THREE ORTHOGONAL PLANS. |
GR1002517B (en) | 1991-09-30 | 1997-01-23 | Johnson & Johnson Orthopaedics Inc. | Hip prosthesis. |
US5360448A (en) | 1991-10-07 | 1994-11-01 | Thramann Jeffrey J | Porous-coated bone screw for securing prosthesis |
CH682860A5 (en) | 1991-12-13 | 1993-11-30 | Zellweger Uster Ag | Transducers Static electricity meters. |
US5258031A (en) | 1992-01-06 | 1993-11-02 | Danek Medical | Intervertebral disk arthroplasty |
US5425773A (en) | 1992-01-06 | 1995-06-20 | Danek Medical, Inc. | Intervertebral disk arthroplasty device |
US5261910A (en) | 1992-02-19 | 1993-11-16 | Acromed Corporation | Apparatus for maintaining spinal elements in a desired spatial relationship |
DE4208115A1 (en) | 1992-03-13 | 1993-09-16 | Link Waldemar Gmbh Co | DISC ENDOPROTHESIS |
EP0566810B1 (en) | 1992-04-21 | 1996-08-14 | SULZER Medizinaltechnik AG | Artificial spinal disc |
US5314492A (en) | 1992-05-11 | 1994-05-24 | Johnson & Johnson Orthopaedics, Inc. | Composite prosthesis |
US5312409A (en) | 1992-06-01 | 1994-05-17 | Mclaughlin Robert E | Drill alignment guide |
US5348026A (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1994-09-20 | Smith & Nephew Richards Inc. | Osteoinductive bone screw |
US5334203A (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1994-08-02 | Amei Technologies Inc. | Spinal fixation system and methods |
DE69330909T2 (en) | 1992-11-12 | 2002-06-20 | Neville Alleyne | HEART PROTECTION DEVICE |
US5947965A (en) | 1992-12-31 | 1999-09-07 | Bryan; Donald W. | Spinal fixation apparatus and method |
US5496318A (en) | 1993-01-08 | 1996-03-05 | Advanced Spine Fixation Systems, Inc. | Interspinous segmental spine fixation device |
US5676701A (en) | 1993-01-14 | 1997-10-14 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Low wear artificial spinal disc |
US5350380A (en) | 1993-01-15 | 1994-09-27 | Depuy Inc. | Method for securing a ligament replacement in a bone |
EP0610837B1 (en) | 1993-02-09 | 2001-09-05 | Acromed Corporation | Spine disc |
US5413576A (en) | 1993-02-10 | 1995-05-09 | Rivard; Charles-Hilaire | Apparatus for treating spinal disorder |
FR2702362B3 (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1995-04-14 | Soprane Sa | Fixator for osteosynthesis of the lumbosacral spine. |
US5470333A (en) | 1993-03-11 | 1995-11-28 | Danek Medical, Inc. | System for stabilizing the cervical and the lumbar region of the spine |
US5415661A (en) | 1993-03-24 | 1995-05-16 | University Of Miami | Implantable spinal assist device |
US5534028A (en) | 1993-04-20 | 1996-07-09 | Howmedica, Inc. | Hydrogel intervertebral disc nucleus with diminished lateral bulging |
DE4313192C1 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-09-15 | Kirsch Axel | Cuff for accelerating healing of bone defects |
US6077262A (en) | 1993-06-04 | 2000-06-20 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Posterior spinal implant |
FR2707480B1 (en) | 1993-06-28 | 1995-10-20 | Bisserie Michel | Intervertebral disc prosthesis. |
US5437669A (en) | 1993-08-12 | 1995-08-01 | Amei Technologies Inc. | Spinal fixation systems with bifurcated connectors |
FR2709247B1 (en) | 1993-08-27 | 1995-09-29 | Martin Jean Raymond | Device for anchoring spinal instrumentation on a vertebra. |
FR2709246B1 (en) | 1993-08-27 | 1995-09-29 | Martin Jean Raymond | Dynamic implanted spinal orthosis. |
US5458641A (en) | 1993-09-08 | 1995-10-17 | Ramirez Jimenez; Juan J. | Vertebral body prosthesis |
FR2712481B1 (en) * | 1993-11-18 | 1996-01-12 | Graf Henry | Improvements to flexible inter-vertebral stabilizers. |
US5415659A (en) | 1993-12-01 | 1995-05-16 | Amei Technologies Inc. | Spinal fixation system and pedicle clamp |
US5514180A (en) | 1994-01-14 | 1996-05-07 | Heggeness; Michael H. | Prosthetic intervertebral devices |
US5458642A (en) | 1994-01-18 | 1995-10-17 | Beer; John C. | Synthetic intervertebral disc |
US6716216B1 (en) | 1998-08-14 | 2004-04-06 | Kyphon Inc. | Systems and methods for treating vertebral bodies |
NZ279442A (en) | 1994-01-26 | 1998-02-26 | Mark A Reiley | Bone treatment device; inflatable balloon for insertion into a bone; balloon details |
US5653762A (en) | 1994-03-18 | 1997-08-05 | Pisharodi; Madhavan | Method of stabilizing adjacent vertebrae with rotating, lockable, middle-expanded intervertebral disk stabilizer |
US5947893A (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1999-09-07 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Method of making a porous prothesis with biodegradable coatings |
US5571189A (en) | 1994-05-20 | 1996-11-05 | Kuslich; Stephen D. | Expandable fabric implant for stabilizing the spinal motion segment |
FR2721501B1 (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1996-08-23 | Fairant Paulette | Prostheses of the vertebral articular facets. |
US5509902A (en) | 1994-07-25 | 1996-04-23 | Raulerson; J. Daniel | Subcutaneous catheter stabilizing devices and methods for securing a catheter using the same |
FR2722980B1 (en) | 1994-07-26 | 1996-09-27 | Samani Jacques | INTERTEPINOUS VERTEBRAL IMPLANT |
US5527312A (en) | 1994-08-19 | 1996-06-18 | Salut, Ltd. | Facet screw anchor |
FR2724553B1 (en) | 1994-09-15 | 1996-12-20 | Tornier Sa | EXTERNAL OR INTERNAL FIXER FOR THE REPAIR OF FRACTURES OR ARTHROPLASTIES OF THE SKELETON |
US5824093A (en) | 1994-10-17 | 1998-10-20 | Raymedica, Inc. | Prosthetic spinal disc nucleus |
DE69532856T2 (en) | 1994-10-17 | 2005-04-21 | Raymedica Inc | Spinal disc-GRAFT |
FR2726459B1 (en) | 1994-11-07 | 1998-05-07 | Desauge Jean Pierre | VERTEBRAL FIXATION SYSTEM |
US5474551A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1995-12-12 | Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. | Universal coupler for spinal fixation |
US5571191A (en) | 1995-03-16 | 1996-11-05 | Fitz; William R. | Artificial facet joint |
US5569247A (en) | 1995-03-27 | 1996-10-29 | Smith & Nephew Richards, Inc. | Enhanced variable angle bone bolt |
US5669911A (en) | 1995-04-13 | 1997-09-23 | Fastenetix, L.L.C. | Polyaxial pedicle screw |
SE9501828D0 (en) | 1995-05-17 | 1995-05-17 | Astra Ab | Cutting guide |
ES2203702T3 (en) | 1995-06-06 | 2004-04-16 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | DEVICE FOR CONNECTING ADJACENT RODS IN SPINAL INSTRUMENTATION. |
US5575792A (en) | 1995-07-14 | 1996-11-19 | Fastenetix, L.L.C. | Extending hook and polyaxial coupling element device for use with top loading rod fixation devices |
NZ272994A (en) | 1995-09-12 | 2001-06-29 | C G Surgical Ltd | Spinal prosthesis device which stabilises lamina after laminoplasty |
US5658338A (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1997-08-19 | Tullos; Hugh S. | Prosthetic modular bone fixation mantle and implant system |
US5683392A (en) | 1995-10-17 | 1997-11-04 | Wright Medical Technology, Inc. | Multi-planar locking mechanism for bone fixation |
US5688274A (en) | 1995-10-23 | 1997-11-18 | Fastenetix Llc. | Spinal implant device having a single central rod and claw hooks |
US6132462A (en) | 1995-12-22 | 2000-10-17 | Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Copolymers formed from three components and intraocular lenses made thereof |
US5645597A (en) | 1995-12-29 | 1997-07-08 | Krapiva; Pavel I. | Disc replacement method and apparatus |
US5766253A (en) | 1996-01-16 | 1998-06-16 | Surgical Dynamics, Inc. | Spinal fusion device |
US5649930A (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-07-22 | Kertzner; Richard I. | Orthopedic centering tool |
US5683466A (en) | 1996-03-26 | 1997-11-04 | Vitale; Glenn C. | Joint surface replacement system |
US5678317A (en) | 1996-05-16 | 1997-10-21 | Stefanakos; Karlene | Method for measuring labial/facial flaccidity |
FR2749155B1 (en) | 1996-05-29 | 1999-10-01 | Alby Albert P | INTERVERTEBRAL LINK DEVICE |
US5800433A (en) | 1996-05-31 | 1998-09-01 | Acromed Corporation | Spinal column retaining apparatus |
FR2751864B1 (en) * | 1996-08-01 | 1999-04-30 | Graf Henry | DEVICE FOR MECHANICALLY CONNECTING AND ASSISTING VERTEBRES BETWEEN THEM |
US6066325A (en) | 1996-08-27 | 2000-05-23 | Fusion Medical Technologies, Inc. | Fragmented polymeric compositions and methods for their use |
JP3465214B2 (en) | 1996-09-09 | 2003-11-10 | 三菱樹脂株式会社 | Angle measuring jig for pipe connection |
US5797911A (en) | 1996-09-24 | 1998-08-25 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Multi-axial bone screw assembly |
US5964760A (en) | 1996-10-18 | 1999-10-12 | Spinal Innovations | Spinal implant fixation assembly |
US6416515B1 (en) | 1996-10-24 | 2002-07-09 | Spinal Concepts, Inc. | Spinal fixation system |
US7302288B1 (en) | 1996-11-25 | 2007-11-27 | Z-Kat, Inc. | Tool position indicator |
US5782833A (en) | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-21 | Haider; Thomas T. | Pedicle screw system for osteosynthesis |
JPH10179622A (en) | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-07 | Mizuho Ika Kogyo Kk | Vertebral implant |
US5776135A (en) | 1996-12-23 | 1998-07-07 | Third Millennium Engineering, Llc | Side mounted polyaxial pedicle screw |
US5836948A (en) | 1997-01-02 | 1998-11-17 | Saint Francis Medical Technologies, Llc | Spine distraction implant and method |
US6902566B2 (en) | 1997-01-02 | 2005-06-07 | St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. | Spinal implants, insertion instruments, and methods of use |
US6068630A (en) | 1997-01-02 | 2000-05-30 | St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. | Spine distraction implant |
US7101375B2 (en) | 1997-01-02 | 2006-09-05 | St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. | Spine distraction implant |
US5700268A (en) | 1997-01-06 | 1997-12-23 | Zimmer, Inc. | Device for measuring leg length and off-set for a total hip replacement |
IES970323A2 (en) | 1997-04-30 | 1998-06-03 | Eskina Developments Limited | Spinal osteosynthesis device for mechanically interconnecting two adjacent vertebrae, in particular lumbar vertebrae |
US6248105B1 (en) | 1997-05-17 | 2001-06-19 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Device for connecting a longitudinal support with a pedicle screw |
EA001570B1 (en) | 1997-06-09 | 2001-04-23 | Кайфон Инк. | Systems and devices for treating gractured or deseased bones using expandable bodies, (alternatives), sterile kit of tools for insertion into bone (alternatives) |
DE29710484U1 (en) | 1997-06-16 | 1998-10-15 | Howmedica Gmbh | Receiving part for a holding component of a spinal implant |
US6004353A (en) | 1997-07-30 | 1999-12-21 | Medidea, Llc | Modular acetabular reconstruction plate |
IL134387A0 (en) | 1997-08-04 | 2001-04-30 | Gordon Maya Robert & Thomas Nu | Multiple axis intervertebral prosthesis |
US6749361B2 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2004-06-15 | Werner Hermann | Shackle element for clamping a fixation rod, a method for making a shackle element, a hook with a shackle element and a rode connector with a shackle element |
US5824094A (en) | 1997-10-17 | 1998-10-20 | Acromed Corporation | Spinal disc |
FR2770767B1 (en) | 1997-11-10 | 2000-03-10 | Dimso Sa | IMPLANT FOR VERTEBRA |
FR2771280B1 (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 2001-01-26 | Albert P Alby | RESILIENT VERTEBRAL CONNECTION DEVICE |
FR2771918B1 (en) | 1997-12-09 | 2000-04-21 | Dimso Sa | CONNECTOR FOR SPINAL OSTEOSYNTHESIS DEVICE |
FR2774581B1 (en) | 1998-02-10 | 2000-08-11 | Dimso Sa | INTEREPINOUS STABILIZER TO BE ATTACHED TO SPINOUS APOPHYSIS OF TWO VERTEBRES |
US5984926A (en) | 1998-02-24 | 1999-11-16 | Jones; A. Alexander M. | Bone screw shimming and bone graft containment system and method |
US6290724B1 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 2001-09-18 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Methods for separating and stabilizing adjacent vertebrae |
US6132465A (en) | 1998-06-04 | 2000-10-17 | Raymedica, Inc. | Tapered prosthetic spinal disc nucleus |
US6090111A (en) | 1998-06-17 | 2000-07-18 | Surgical Dynamics, Inc. | Device for securing spinal rods |
US6565565B1 (en) | 1998-06-17 | 2003-05-20 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Device for securing spinal rods |
WO1999065412A1 (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1999-12-23 | Pioneer Laboratories, Inc. | Spinal fixation system |
US6063121A (en) | 1998-07-29 | 2000-05-16 | Xavier; Ravi | Vertebral body prosthesis |
US6231575B1 (en) | 1998-08-27 | 2001-05-15 | Martin H. Krag | Spinal column retainer |
US6113637A (en) | 1998-10-22 | 2000-09-05 | Sofamor Danek Holdings, Inc. | Artificial intervertebral joint permitting translational and rotational motion |
US6214012B1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2001-04-10 | Harrington Arthritis Research Center | Method and apparatus for delivering material to a desired location |
AU742502B2 (en) | 1998-11-26 | 2002-01-03 | Synthes Gmbh | Screw |
US6280447B1 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 2001-08-28 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Bony tissue resector |
US6165177A (en) | 1998-12-24 | 2000-12-26 | Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. | Alignment guide for insertion of stem prosthesis |
US20030069603A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-10 | Little James S. | Medical tack with a variable effective length |
ES2156527B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2002-01-16 | Alacreu Jose Barbera | VERTEBRAL FIXING SYSTEM DORSO-LUMBAR AND LUMBO-SACRO. |
US6050997A (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2000-04-18 | Mullane; Thomas S. | Spinal fixation system |
KR100324698B1 (en) | 1999-01-30 | 2002-02-27 | 구자교 | Spine fixing device |
US6086590A (en) | 1999-02-02 | 2000-07-11 | Pioneer Laboratories, Inc. | Cable connector for orthopaedic rod |
DE60032225T2 (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2007-09-13 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | APPARATUS FOR STABILIZING THE SPINE |
JP2003523784A (en) | 1999-04-05 | 2003-08-12 | サージカル ダイナミックス インコーポレイテッド | Artificial spinal ligament |
US6387130B1 (en) | 1999-04-16 | 2002-05-14 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Segmented linked intervertebral implant systems |
US6607530B1 (en) | 1999-05-10 | 2003-08-19 | Highgate Orthopedics, Inc. | Systems and methods for spinal fixation |
ES2154227B1 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2001-11-16 | Surgival Co S A | POLYAXIAL SYSTEM OF FIXATION OF VERTEBRAS. |
FR2796546B1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-11-30 | Eurosurgical | POLYAXIAL CONNECTOR FOR SPINAL IMPLANT |
DE19936286C2 (en) | 1999-08-02 | 2002-01-17 | Lutz Biedermann | bone screw |
EP1204382B2 (en) | 1999-08-14 | 2006-09-27 | Aesculap AG & Co. KG | Bone screw |
US6224602B1 (en) | 1999-10-11 | 2001-05-01 | Interpore Cross International | Bone stabilization plate with a secured-locking mechanism for cervical fixation |
FR2799640B1 (en) | 1999-10-15 | 2002-01-25 | Spine Next Sa | IMPLANT INTERVETEBRAL |
US8187303B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2012-05-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Anti-rotation fixation element for spinal prostheses |
US6974478B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2005-12-13 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Prostheses, systems and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US20050261770A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2005-11-24 | Kuiper Mark K | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and related implantation methods |
US7691145B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2010-04-06 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Prostheses, systems and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
DE19957332B4 (en) | 1999-11-29 | 2004-11-11 | Bernd Schäfer | cross-connector |
AU778410B2 (en) | 1999-12-01 | 2004-12-02 | Henry Graf | Intervertebral stabilising device |
US6558390B2 (en) | 2000-02-16 | 2003-05-06 | Axiamed, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for performing therapeutic procedures in the spine |
US6293949B1 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-25 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Superelastic spinal stabilization system and method |
US6562038B1 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2003-05-13 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Spinal implant connection assembly |
US6309391B1 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2001-10-30 | Sdgi Holding, Inc. | Multidirectional pivoting bone screw and fixation system |
US6572618B1 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2003-06-03 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Spinal implant connection assembly |
US6302890B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2001-10-16 | Leone Innovations Corporation | Pelvic alignment assembly |
US6565572B2 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2003-05-20 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Fenestrated surgical screw and method |
US6312431B1 (en) | 2000-04-24 | 2001-11-06 | Wilson T. Asfora | Vertebrae linking system |
ATE326180T1 (en) | 2000-05-31 | 2006-06-15 | Vese Silvana | FASTENING DEVICE FOR BONE PLATE |
US6749614B2 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2004-06-15 | Vertelink Corporation | Formable orthopedic fixation system with cross linking |
GB0015424D0 (en) | 2000-06-24 | 2000-08-16 | Victrex Mfg Ltd | Bio-compatible polymeric materials |
GB0015430D0 (en) | 2000-06-24 | 2000-08-16 | Victrex Mfg Ltd | Bio-compatible polymeric materials |
GB0015433D0 (en) | 2000-06-24 | 2000-08-16 | Victrex Mfg Ltd | Bio-compatible polymeric materials |
CA2413474A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-03 | Henry Graf | Intervertebral connecting device |
US6761698B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2004-07-13 | Olympus Corporation | Ultrasonic operation system |
US6554831B1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2003-04-29 | Hopital Sainte-Justine | Mobile dynamic system for treating spinal disorder |
US6620164B2 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2003-09-16 | Showa Ika Kohgyo Co., Ltd. | Rod for cervical vertebra and connecting system thereof |
US20080177310A1 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2008-07-24 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US6669698B1 (en) | 2000-10-24 | 2003-12-30 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Vertebrae fastener placement guide |
FR2816195B1 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2003-01-03 | Medicrea | VERTEBRAL ARTHRODESIS MATERIAL |
EP1205152B1 (en) | 2000-11-10 | 2004-09-29 | Lafitt, S.A. | Spinal column deformity correction device |
US6579319B2 (en) | 2000-11-29 | 2003-06-17 | Medicinelodge, Inc. | Facet joint replacement |
US20050080486A1 (en) | 2000-11-29 | 2005-04-14 | Fallin T. Wade | Facet joint replacement |
FR2817461B1 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2003-08-15 | Henry Graf | INTERVERTEBRAL STABILIZATION DEVICE |
DE10060219B4 (en) | 2000-12-04 | 2004-12-02 | Hegenscheidt-Mfd Gmbh & Co. Kg | Quick change system for probe assembly |
US6565605B2 (en) | 2000-12-13 | 2003-05-20 | Medicinelodge, Inc. | Multiple facet joint replacement |
JP4471491B2 (en) | 2000-12-27 | 2010-06-02 | 京セラ株式会社 | Spine correction and fixation device |
US6451021B1 (en) | 2001-02-15 | 2002-09-17 | Third Millennium Engineering, Llc | Polyaxial pedicle screw having a rotating locking element |
US6989032B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2006-01-24 | Spinecore, Inc. | Artificial intervertebral disc |
WO2002065954A1 (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2002-08-29 | Queen's University At Kingston | Method and device for treating scoliosis |
DE10108965B4 (en) | 2001-02-17 | 2006-02-23 | DePuy Spine Sàrl | bone screw |
US20020120335A1 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2002-08-29 | Angelucci Christopher M. | Laminoplasty implants and methods of use |
FR2822051B1 (en) | 2001-03-13 | 2004-02-27 | Spine Next Sa | INTERVERTEBRAL IMPLANT WITH SELF-LOCKING ATTACHMENT |
US7220262B1 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2007-05-22 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Spinal fixation system and related methods |
US6802844B2 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2004-10-12 | Nuvasive, Inc | Spinal alignment apparatus and methods |
US6511481B2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2003-01-28 | Triage Medical, Inc. | Method and apparatus for fixation of proximal femoral fractures |
US6443954B1 (en) | 2001-04-24 | 2002-09-03 | Dale G. Bramlet | Femoral nail intramedullary system |
PT2055267E (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2013-07-15 | Amedica Corp | Radiolucent bone graft |
US6719794B2 (en) | 2001-05-03 | 2004-04-13 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Intervertebral implant for transforaminal posterior lumbar interbody fusion procedure |
DE20112123U1 (en) | 2001-07-23 | 2001-09-27 | Aesculap Ag & Co Kg | Facet joint implant |
US6736815B2 (en) | 2001-09-06 | 2004-05-18 | Core Medical, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for treating spinal discs |
WO2003024344A1 (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2003-03-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | System and method for fusing spinal vertebrae |
GB2382304A (en) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-05-28 | Dilip Kumar Sengupta | An assembly for soft stabilisation of vertebral bodies of the spine |
US6554843B1 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-29 | Universal Optical Co., Ltd. | Cataract instrument |
US6623485B2 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2003-09-23 | Hammill Manufacturing Company | Split ring bone screw for a spinal fixation system |
US6783527B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2004-08-31 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Flexible spinal stabilization system and method |
US6645214B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2003-11-11 | Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. | Apparatus and method for bone positioning |
US20030125738A1 (en) | 2002-01-03 | 2003-07-03 | Khanna Rohit Kumar | Laminoplasty with laminar stabilization method and system |
US6979299B2 (en) | 2002-02-05 | 2005-12-27 | Zimmer Austin, Inc. | Measuring guide for use in orthopedic procedure |
US6626909B2 (en) | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-30 | Kingsley Richard Chin | Apparatus and method for spine fixation |
US7294127B2 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2007-11-13 | Baylis Medical Company Inc. | Electrosurgical tissue treatment method |
US6669729B2 (en) | 2002-03-08 | 2003-12-30 | Kingsley Richard Chin | Apparatus and method for the replacement of posterior vertebral elements |
US6638281B2 (en) | 2002-03-21 | 2003-10-28 | Spinecore, Inc. | Gravity dependent pedicle screw tap hole guide |
US6682532B2 (en) | 2002-03-22 | 2004-01-27 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Coupling system and method for extending spinal instrumentation |
DE10312755B4 (en) | 2002-03-23 | 2007-11-29 | Bruno Kohler | Caliper, especially for the cervical spine |
US20030195631A1 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-16 | Ferree Bret A. | Shape-memory spacers for artificial disc replacements |
US20030233148A1 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2003-12-18 | Ferree Bret A. | Modular components to improve the fit of artificial disc replacements |
US7179294B2 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2007-02-20 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Articular disc prosthesis and method for implanting the same |
EP1585427B1 (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2012-04-11 | Stephen Ritland | Dynamic fixation device |
US6682529B2 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2004-01-27 | Stahurski Consulting, Inc. | Connector assembly with multidimensional accommodation and associated method |
US6770095B2 (en) | 2002-06-18 | 2004-08-03 | Depuy Acroned, Inc. | Intervertebral disc |
AU2003265597A1 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2004-03-11 | Paul C. Mcafee | Metal-backed uhmpe rod sleeve system preserving spinal motion |
FR2844180B1 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2005-08-05 | Spinevision | CONNECTING ELEMENT FOR THE DYNAMIC STABILIZATION OF A SPINAL FIXING SYSTEM AND SPINAL FASTENING SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH A MEMBER |
CN1713866A (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2005-12-28 | 马斯医药技术股份公司 | Intervertebral implant |
US7101398B2 (en) | 2002-12-31 | 2006-09-05 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Prosthetic facet joint ligament |
AU2003210887A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-09-06 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US7559946B2 (en) | 2003-03-18 | 2009-07-14 | The Cleveland Clinic Foundation | Apparatus for insertion into a body lumen |
US7416553B2 (en) | 2003-04-09 | 2008-08-26 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Drill guide and plate inserter |
US20040210216A1 (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2004-10-21 | Farris Robert A | Spinal fixation system and method |
US7473267B2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2009-01-06 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | System and method for minimally invasive posterior fixation |
US20040230201A1 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-18 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artifical facet joint surfaces |
US20040230304A1 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-18 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artifical facet joint surfaces |
US7608104B2 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2009-10-27 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artifical facet joint surfaces |
US7270665B2 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2007-09-18 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Variable offset spinal fixation system |
AU2004249291B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2009-07-23 | Intrinsic Therapeutics, Inc. | Device and method for delivering an implant through an annular defect in an intervertebral disc |
US7022138B2 (en) | 2003-07-31 | 2006-04-04 | Mashburn M Laine | Spinal interbody fusion device and method |
US7153325B2 (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2006-12-26 | Ultra-Kinetics, Inc. | Prosthetic intervertebral disc and methods for using the same |
US20050080428A1 (en) | 2003-09-03 | 2005-04-14 | White Ralph Richard | Extracapsular surgical procedure for repair of anterior cruciate ligament rupture and surgical referencing instrument therefor |
US8070785B2 (en) | 2003-09-16 | 2011-12-06 | Spineco, Inc. | Bone anchor prosthesis and system |
US7455685B2 (en) | 2003-09-29 | 2008-11-25 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Instruments and methods for securing a connecting element along a bony segment |
US6966930B2 (en) | 2003-10-20 | 2005-11-22 | Impliant Ltd. | Facet prosthesis |
EP1694228B1 (en) | 2003-10-23 | 2011-08-31 | TRANS1, Inc. | Spinal mobility preservation apparatus |
US20050090823A1 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-04-28 | Bartimus Christopher S. | Posterior fixation system |
ES2287686T3 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2007-12-16 | Impliant Ltd. | VERTEBRAL PROTESIS. |
US7708764B2 (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2010-05-04 | Simonson Peter M | Method for creating an artificial facet |
US7083622B2 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2006-08-01 | Simonson Peter M | Artificial facet joint and method |
US7862586B2 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2011-01-04 | Life Spine, Inc. | Spinal stabilization systems |
US7553320B2 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2009-06-30 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Method and apparatus for replacing the function of facet joints |
US20050131406A1 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-16 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
US20080082171A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2008-04-03 | Kuiper Mark K | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and systems for treating spinal pathologies |
US7406775B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2008-08-05 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Implantable orthopedic device component selection instrument and methods |
US7051451B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2006-05-30 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet joint prosthesis measurement and implant tools |
US20070093833A1 (en) | 2004-05-03 | 2007-04-26 | Kuiper Mark K | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and related implantation methods |
US20060079895A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Mcleer Thomas J | Methods and devices for improved bonding of devices to bone |
US20060085075A1 (en) | 2004-10-04 | 2006-04-20 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Polymeric joint complex and methods of use |
EP1809214B1 (en) | 2004-10-25 | 2017-07-12 | Gmedelaware 2 LLC | Spinal prothesis having a modular design |
US8496686B2 (en) | 2005-03-22 | 2013-07-30 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Minimally invasive spine restoration systems, devices, methods and kits |
US20070088358A1 (en) | 2005-03-22 | 2007-04-19 | Hansen Yuan | Minimally Invasive Spine Restoration Systems, Devices, Methods and Kits |
WO2007126428A2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2007-11-08 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Arthroplasty revision system and method |
WO2007106573A2 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-20 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet and disc arthroplasty systems and methods |
WO2008019397A2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2008-02-14 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Angled washer polyaxial connection for dynamic spine prosthesis |
US20080119845A1 (en) | 2006-09-25 | 2008-05-22 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet replacement device removal and revision systems and methods |
-
2003
- 2003-12-15 US US10/737,705 patent/US20050131406A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-12-10 KR KR1020067014209A patent/KR20070029645A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-12-10 AU AU2004323518A patent/AU2004323518A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-10 JP JP2006545765A patent/JP2007513742A/en active Pending
- 2004-12-10 CA CA002548545A patent/CA2548545A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-10 EP EP04822229.3A patent/EP1732477B1/en active Active
- 2004-12-10 WO PCT/US2004/041539 patent/WO2006033659A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-12-10 CN CNA2004800405214A patent/CN1997327A/en active Pending
- 2004-12-10 BR BRPI0417645-6A patent/BRPI0417645A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-06-06 IL IL176148A patent/IL176148A0/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-03-28 US US12/058,403 patent/US9056016B2/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-05-12 US US14/709,535 patent/US9872776B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (100)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2502902A (en) * | 1946-01-25 | 1950-04-04 | Benjamin F Tofflemire | Intraoral fracture and orthodontic appliance |
US2930133A (en) * | 1957-07-08 | 1960-03-29 | Thompson Joseph Clay | Apparatus to aid in determining abnormal positions of spinal vertebrae |
US3710789A (en) * | 1970-12-04 | 1973-01-16 | Univ Minnesota | Method of repairing bone fractures with expanded metal |
US3867728A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1975-02-25 | Cutter Lab | Prosthesis for spinal repair |
US3875595A (en) * | 1974-04-15 | 1975-04-08 | Edward C Froning | Intervertebral disc prosthesis and instruments for locating same |
US3941127A (en) * | 1974-10-03 | 1976-03-02 | Froning Edward C | Apparatus and method for stereotaxic lateral extradural disc puncture |
US4502161A (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1985-03-05 | Wall W H | Prosthetic meniscus for the repair of joints |
US4502161B1 (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1989-07-25 | ||
US4805602A (en) * | 1986-11-03 | 1989-02-21 | Danninger Medical Technology | Transpedicular screw and rod system |
US4904260A (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1990-02-27 | Cedar Surgical, Inc. | Prosthetic disc containing therapeutic material |
US4911718A (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-03-27 | University Of Medicine & Dentistry Of N.J. | Functional and biocompatible intervertebral disc spacer |
US5108399A (en) * | 1988-09-17 | 1992-04-28 | Boehringer Ingelheim Gmbh | Device for osteosynthesis and process for producing it |
US5092866A (en) * | 1989-02-03 | 1992-03-03 | Breard Francis H | Flexible inter-vertebral stabilizer as well as process and apparatus for determining or verifying its tension before installation on the spinal column |
US5000165A (en) * | 1989-05-15 | 1991-03-19 | Watanabe Robert S | Lumbar spine rod fixation system |
US5284655A (en) * | 1989-09-21 | 1994-02-08 | Osteotech, Inc. | Swollen demineralized bone particles, flowable osteogenic composition containing same and use of the composition in the repair of osseous defects |
US5405390A (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1995-04-11 | Osteotech, Inc. | Osteogenic composition and implant containing same |
US5105255A (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1992-04-14 | Hughes Aircraft Company | MMIC die attach design for manufacturability |
US4987904A (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-01-29 | Wilson James T | Method and apparatus for bone size gauging |
US5300073A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1994-04-05 | Salut, Ltd. | Sacral implant system |
US5192326A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1993-03-09 | Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. | Hydrogel bead intervertebral disc nucleus |
US5603713A (en) * | 1991-09-24 | 1997-02-18 | Aust; Gilbert M. | Anterior lumbar/cervical bicortical compression plate |
US5510396A (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1996-04-23 | Osteotech, Inc. | Process for producing flowable osteogenic composition containing demineralized bone particles |
US5401269A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1995-03-28 | Waldemar Link Gmbh & Co. | Intervertebral disc endoprosthesis |
US5306309A (en) * | 1992-05-04 | 1994-04-26 | Calcitek, Inc. | Spinal disk implant and implantation kit |
US5501684A (en) * | 1992-06-25 | 1996-03-26 | Synthes (U.S.A.) | Osteosynthetic fixation device |
US5725527A (en) * | 1992-09-10 | 1998-03-10 | Biedermann Motech Gmbh | Anchoring member |
US5868745A (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1999-02-09 | Alleyne; Neville | Spinal protection device |
US5303480A (en) * | 1992-11-27 | 1994-04-19 | Chek Paul W | Cranio-cervical sagittal-alignment caliper and universal measurement system |
US5716415A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1998-02-10 | Acromed Corporation | Spinal implant |
US5507823A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-04-16 | Walston; D. Kenneth | Joint prosthesis having PTFE cushion |
US5491882A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-02-20 | Walston; D. Kenneth | Method of making joint prosthesis having PTFE cushion |
US5879396A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1999-03-09 | Walston; D. Kenneth | Joint prosthesis having PTFE cushion |
US5738585A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1998-04-14 | Hoyt, Iii; Raymond Earl | Compact flexible couplings with inside diameter belt support and lock-on features |
US5865846A (en) * | 1994-11-14 | 1999-02-02 | Bryan; Vincent | Human spinal disc prosthesis |
US5609641A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1997-03-11 | Smith & Nephew Richards Inc. | Tibial prosthesis |
US6190388B1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2001-02-20 | Gary K. Michelson | Anterior spinal instrumentation and method for implantation and revision |
US5885285A (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 1999-03-23 | Simonson; Peter Melott | Spinal implant connection assembly |
US5704941A (en) * | 1995-11-03 | 1998-01-06 | Osteonics Corp. | Tibial preparation apparatus and method |
US6022350A (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 2000-02-08 | Stryker France S.A. | Bone fixing device, in particular for fixing to the sacrum during osteosynthesis of the backbone |
US5866113A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1999-02-02 | Medtronic, Inc. | Medical device with biomolecule-coated surface graft matrix |
US5741255A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1998-04-21 | Acromed Corporation | Spinal column retaining apparatus |
US5741261A (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1998-04-21 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Minimally invasive spinal surgical methods and instruments |
US6019759A (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 2000-02-01 | Rogozinski; Chaim | Multi-Directional fasteners or attachment devices for spinal implant elements |
US5879350A (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 1999-03-09 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Multi-axial bone screw assembly |
US5885286A (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 1999-03-23 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Multi-axial bone screw assembly |
US5863293A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-01-26 | Spinal Innovations | Spinal implant fixation assembly |
US6048342A (en) * | 1997-01-02 | 2000-04-11 | St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. | Spine distraction implant |
US20020029039A1 (en) * | 1997-01-02 | 2002-03-07 | Zucherman James F. | Supplemental spine fixation device and methods |
US5860977A (en) * | 1997-01-02 | 1999-01-19 | Saint Francis Medical Technologies, Llc | Spine distraction implant and method |
US6712818B1 (en) * | 1997-02-11 | 2004-03-30 | Gary K. Michelson | Method for connecting adjacent vertebral bodies of a human spine with a plating system |
US6340361B1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 2002-01-22 | Karl H. Kraus | External fixator clamp and system |
US5893889A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1999-04-13 | Harrington; Michael | Artificial disc |
US5891145A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-04-06 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Multi-axial screw |
US6193758B1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2001-02-27 | Acumed, Inc. | Shoulder prosthesis |
US6010503A (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2000-01-04 | Spinal Innovations, Llc | Locking mechanism |
US6014588A (en) * | 1998-04-07 | 2000-01-11 | Fitz; William R. | Facet joint pain relief method and apparatus |
US6019792A (en) * | 1998-04-23 | 2000-02-01 | Cauthen Research Group, Inc. | Articulating spinal implant |
US6039763A (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2000-03-21 | Disc Replacement Technologies, Inc. | Articulating spinal disc prosthesis |
US6193724B1 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2001-02-27 | Kwan-Ho Chan | Apparatus and method for determining the relative position of bones during surgery |
US6342054B1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2002-01-29 | Stryker Trauma Sa | Positioning and locking device |
US6200322B1 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-03-13 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Minimal exposure posterior spinal interbody instrumentation and technique |
US20040049276A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-03-11 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20040049272A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-03-11 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20060009847A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2006-01-12 | Reiley Mark A | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20060009849A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2006-01-12 | Reiley Mark A | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20060009848A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2006-01-12 | Reiley Mark A | Facet arthroplasty device and methods |
US20050043799A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2005-02-24 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20050027361A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2005-02-03 | Reiley Mark A. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20040049275A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-03-11 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20040006391A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-01-08 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20040049277A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-03-11 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20040049281A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-03-11 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20040049274A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-03-11 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20040049278A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-03-11 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20040049273A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-03-11 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Facet Arthroplasty devices and methods |
US20020013588A1 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2002-01-31 | Spinal Concepts, Inc. | Instrument and method for implanting an interbody fusion device |
US6340477B1 (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2002-01-22 | Lifenet | Bone matrix composition and methods for making and using same |
US20020013585A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-31 | Jose Gournay | Spinal implant for an osteosynthesis device |
US6361506B1 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-03-26 | Sulzer Orthopedics Inc. | Incremental varus/valgus and flexion/extension measuring instrument |
US6524315B1 (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2003-02-25 | Depuy Acromed, Inc. | Orthopaedic rod/plate locking mechanism |
US6514253B1 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2003-02-04 | Meei-Huei Yao | Apparatus for locating interlocking intramedullary nails |
US20030040797A1 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2003-02-27 | Fallin T. Wade | Prosthesis for the replacement of a posterior element of a vertebra |
US20030004572A1 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2003-01-02 | Goble E. Marlowe | Method and apparatus for spine joint replacement |
US6520963B1 (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2003-02-18 | Mckinley Lawrence M. | Vertebral alignment and fixation assembly |
US6712849B2 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2004-03-30 | Scandius Biomedical, Inc. | Apparatus and method for reconstructing a ligament |
US20050015146A1 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2005-01-20 | Rene Louis | Posterior vertebral joint prosthesis |
US7011658B2 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2006-03-14 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Devices and methods for spinal compression and distraction |
US20040049205A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-03-11 | Endo Via Medical, Inc. | Surgical instrument coupling mechanism |
US20040059429A1 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-03-25 | Uri Amin | Mechanically attached elastomeric cover for prosthesis |
US20050055096A1 (en) * | 2002-12-31 | 2005-03-10 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Functional spinal unit prosthetic |
US20060029186A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-02-09 | Spinalmotion, Inc. | Spinal midline indicator |
US20050010291A1 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-01-13 | Archus Orthopedics Inc. | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US20050033431A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-10 | Charles Gordon | Artificial functional spinal unit assemblies |
US20050033432A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-10 | Charles Gordon | Artificial spinal unit assemblies |
US20050033439A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-10 | Charles Gordon | Artificial functional spinal unit assemblies |
US20050033434A1 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-10 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Posterior elements motion restoring device |
US20050049705A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-03 | Hale Horace Winston | Facet implant |
US20060041311A1 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-02-23 | Mcleer Thomas J | Devices and methods for treating facet joints |
US20060052785A1 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-03-09 | Augostino Teena M | Adjacent level facet arthroplasty devices, spine stabilization systems, and methods |
US20060058791A1 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-03-16 | Richard Broman | Implantable spinal device revision system |
Cited By (384)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8092532B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2012-01-10 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US8066771B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2011-11-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US8066740B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2011-11-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet joint prostheses |
US8070811B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2011-12-06 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US8163017B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2012-04-24 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet arthroplasty devices and methods |
US7691145B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2010-04-06 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Prostheses, systems and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US8556936B2 (en) | 2000-11-29 | 2013-10-15 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet joint replacement |
US20030191532A1 (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2003-10-09 | Goble E. Marlowe | Facet joint replacement |
US8313511B2 (en) | 2000-11-29 | 2012-11-20 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet joint replacement |
US7955390B2 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2011-06-07 | GME Delaware 2 LLC | Method and apparatus for spine joint replacement |
US9993349B2 (en) | 2002-06-27 | 2018-06-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral disc |
US8870928B2 (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2014-10-28 | Roger P. Jackson | Helical guide and advancement flange with radially loaded lip |
US8409254B2 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2013-04-02 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US9198766B2 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2015-12-01 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Prostheses, tools, and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US10349983B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2019-07-16 | Alphatec Spine, Inc. | Pivotal bone anchor assembly with biased bushing for pre-lock friction fit |
US8936623B2 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2015-01-20 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw assembly |
US9144444B2 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2015-09-29 | Roger P Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with helical capture connection, insert and dual locking assembly |
US8926670B2 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2015-01-06 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw assembly |
USRE46431E1 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2017-06-13 | Roger P Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with helical capture connection, insert and dual locking assembly |
US8231655B2 (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2012-07-31 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Prostheses and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US8523907B2 (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2013-09-03 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces |
US8118871B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2012-02-21 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Expandable articulating intervertebral implant |
US8123810B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2012-02-28 | Gordon Charles R | Expandable intervertebral implant with wedged expansion member |
US8603168B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2013-12-10 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal unit system and method for use |
US8257440B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2012-09-04 | Gordon Charles R | Method of insertion of an expandable intervertebral implant |
US8647386B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2014-02-11 | Charles R. Gordon | Expandable intervertebral implant system and method |
US8172903B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2012-05-08 | Gordon Charles R | Expandable intervertebral implant with spacer |
US8753398B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2014-06-17 | Charles R. Gordon | Method of inserting an expandable intervertebral implant without overdistraction |
US8052723B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2011-11-08 | Flexuspine Inc. | Dynamic posterior stabilization systems and methods of use |
US8147550B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2012-04-03 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Expandable articulating intervertebral implant with limited articulation |
US7785351B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2010-08-31 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal implant unit system and method for use |
US20050278026A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-12-15 | Gordon Charles R | Expandable intervertebral implant with wedged expansion member |
US8118870B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2012-02-21 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Expandable articulating intervertebral implant with spacer |
US7909869B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2011-03-22 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial spinal unit assemblies |
US7799082B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2010-09-21 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal unit system and method for use |
US7708778B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2010-05-04 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Expandable articulating intervertebral implant with cam |
US7753958B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2010-07-13 | Gordon Charles R | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9579124B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2017-02-28 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Expandable articulating intervertebral implant with limited articulation |
US7794480B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2010-09-14 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal unit system and method for use |
US9326806B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2016-05-03 | Crosstrees Medical, Inc. | Devices and methods for the treatment of bone fracture |
US7588590B2 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2009-09-15 | Facet Solutions, Inc | Spinal facet implant with spherical implant apposition surface and bone bed and methods of use |
US7753937B2 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2010-07-13 | Facet Solutions Inc. | Linked bilateral spinal facet implants and methods of use |
US8926700B2 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2015-01-06 | Gmedelware 2 LLC | Spinal facet joint implant |
US8419770B2 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2013-04-16 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Spinal facet implants with mating articulating bearing surface and methods of use |
US20050131545A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-16 | Alan Chervitz | Spinal facet implant with spherical implant apposition surface and bone bed and methods of use |
US9056016B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2015-06-16 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
US10299839B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2019-05-28 | Medos International Sárl | Percutaneous access devices and bone anchor assemblies |
US11419642B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2022-08-23 | Medos International Sarl | Percutaneous access devices and bone anchor assemblies |
US10039578B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2018-08-07 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Methods and devices for minimally invasive spinal fixation element placement |
US11426216B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2022-08-30 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Methods and devices for minimally invasive spinal fixation element placement |
US7914560B2 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2011-03-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Spinal facet implant with spherical implant apposition surface and bone bed and methods of use |
US8562649B2 (en) | 2004-02-17 | 2013-10-22 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for multiple level facet joint arthroplasty and fusion |
US7998177B2 (en) | 2004-02-17 | 2011-08-16 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Linked bilateral spinal facet implants and methods of use |
US8709046B2 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2014-04-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Spinal facet implant with spherical implant apposition surface and bone bed and methods of use |
US9451990B2 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2016-09-27 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Facet joint replacement instruments and methods |
US20110208246A1 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2011-08-25 | Alan Chervitz | Spinal Facet Implant with Spherical Implant Apposition Surface and Bone Bed and Methods of Use |
US8579941B2 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2013-11-12 | Alan Chervitz | Linked bilateral spinal facet implants and methods of use |
US8906063B2 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2014-12-09 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Spinal facet joint implant |
US20090030461A1 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2009-01-29 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Spinal Facet Joint Implant |
US20170065306A1 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2017-03-09 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Facet joint replacement instruments and methods |
US20100087880A1 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2010-04-08 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Facet Joint Replacement Instruments and Methods |
US7998178B2 (en) | 2004-02-17 | 2011-08-16 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Linked bilateral spinal facet implants and methods of use |
US8894657B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2014-11-25 | Roger P. Jackson | Tool system for dynamic spinal implants |
US9918751B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2018-03-20 | Roger P. Jackson | Tool system for dynamic spinal implants |
US11147597B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2021-10-19 | Roger P Jackson | Dynamic spinal stabilization assemblies, tool set and method |
US11648039B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2023-05-16 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool attachment structure |
US9216039B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2015-12-22 | Roger P. Jackson | Dynamic spinal stabilization assemblies, tool set and method |
US9636151B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2017-05-02 | Roger P Jackson | Orthopedic implant rod reduction tool set and method |
US9662151B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2017-05-30 | Roger P Jackson | Orthopedic implant rod reduction tool set and method |
US9662143B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2017-05-30 | Roger P Jackson | Dynamic fixation assemblies with inner core and outer coil-like member |
US11291480B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2022-04-05 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Spinal fixation tool attachment structure |
US9532815B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2017-01-03 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool set and method |
US9050139B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2015-06-09 | Roger P. Jackson | Orthopedic implant rod reduction tool set and method |
US9050148B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2015-06-09 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool attachment structure |
US10485588B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2019-11-26 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Spinal fixation tool attachment structure |
US9055978B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2015-06-16 | Roger P. Jackson | Orthopedic implant rod reduction tool set and method |
US7547318B2 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2009-06-16 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Spinal fixation element and methods |
US20090216328A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2009-08-27 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Spinal fixation element and methods |
US20050215999A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-29 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Spinal fixation element and methods |
US8828005B2 (en) | 2004-03-19 | 2014-09-09 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Spinal fixation element and methods |
US8425557B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2013-04-23 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and related implantation methods |
US20080292161A1 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2008-11-27 | Funk Michael J | Implantable orthopedic device component selection instrument and methods |
US8675930B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2014-03-18 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Implantable orthopedic device component selection instrument and methods |
US8496687B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2013-07-30 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and related implantation methods |
US8187303B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2012-05-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Anti-rotation fixation element for spinal prostheses |
US8491635B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2013-07-23 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and related implantation methods |
US7674293B2 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2010-03-09 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and related implantation methods |
US7815648B2 (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2010-10-19 | Facet Solutions, Inc | Surgical measurement systems and methods |
US8777994B2 (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2014-07-15 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for multiple level facet joint arthroplasty and fusion |
US9439688B2 (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2016-09-13 | Globus Medical, Inc. | System and method for multiple level facet joint arthroplasty and fusion |
US7854752B2 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2010-12-21 | Theken Spine, Llc | System and method for dynamic skeletal stabilization |
US20060247637A1 (en) * | 2004-08-09 | 2006-11-02 | Dennis Colleran | System and method for dynamic skeletal stabilization |
US8398681B2 (en) | 2004-08-18 | 2013-03-19 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Adjacent level facet arthroplasty devices, spine stabilization systems, and methods |
US8845649B2 (en) | 2004-09-24 | 2014-09-30 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool set and method for rod reduction and fastener insertion |
US8267969B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-09-18 | Exactech, Inc. | Screw systems and methods for use in stabilization of bone structures |
US20080097441A1 (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2008-04-24 | Stanley Kyle Hayes | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US7935134B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2011-05-03 | Exactech, Inc. | Systems and methods for stabilization of bone structures |
US8551142B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2013-10-08 | Exactech, Inc. | Methods for stabilization of bone structures |
US8075595B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2011-12-13 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8162985B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2012-04-24 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US7998175B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2011-08-16 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8025680B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2011-09-27 | Exactech, Inc. | Systems and methods for posterior dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8221461B2 (en) | 2004-10-25 | 2012-07-17 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Crossbar spinal prosthesis having a modular design and systems for treating spinal pathologies |
US8926672B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2015-01-06 | Roger P. Jackson | Splay control closure for open bone anchor |
US11147591B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2021-10-19 | Roger P Jackson | Pivotal bone anchor receiver assembly with threaded closure |
US8998960B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2015-04-07 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw with helically wound capture connection |
US9743957B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2017-08-29 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw with shank articulation pressure insert and method |
US10039577B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2018-08-07 | Roger P Jackson | Bone anchor receiver with horizontal radiused tool attachment structures and parallel planar outer surfaces |
US9629669B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2017-04-25 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool set and method |
US11389214B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2022-07-19 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool set and method |
US9211150B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2015-12-15 | Roger P. Jackson | Spinal fixation tool set and method |
US9522021B2 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2016-12-20 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with retainer with notch for mono-axial motion |
US8974461B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2015-03-10 | M. Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US20060149278A1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2006-07-06 | Abdou Amy M | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US8172855B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2012-05-08 | Abdou M S | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US10188529B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2019-01-29 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US10918498B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2021-02-16 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US11096799B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2021-08-24 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US7993373B2 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2011-08-09 | Hoy Robert W | Polyaxial orthopedic fastening apparatus |
US8920468B2 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2014-12-30 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Polyaxial orthopedic fasteneing apparatus with independent locking modes |
US20120029573A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2012-02-02 | Triplett Daniel J | Polyaxial Orthopedic Fasteneing Apparatus with Independent Locking Modes |
US8900273B2 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2014-12-02 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Taper-locking fixation system |
US8062336B2 (en) | 2005-02-22 | 2011-11-22 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Polyaxial orthopedic fastening apparatus with independent locking modes |
US7914556B2 (en) | 2005-03-02 | 2011-03-29 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Arthroplasty revision system and method |
US7722647B1 (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2010-05-25 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | Apparatus and method for posterior vertebral stabilization |
US20080015585A1 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2008-01-17 | Philip Berg | Minimally invasive spine restoration systems, devices, methods and kits |
US8496686B2 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2013-07-30 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Minimally invasive spine restoration systems, devices, methods and kits |
US8764801B2 (en) | 2005-03-28 | 2014-07-01 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet joint implant crosslinking apparatus and method |
US9308027B2 (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2016-04-12 | Roger P Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw with shank articulation pressure insert and method |
US20070073399A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2007-03-29 | Zipnick Richard I | Minimally invasive apparatus to manipulate and revitalize spinal column disc |
US7727279B2 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2010-06-01 | Zipnick Richard I | Minimally invasive apparatus to manipulate and revitalize spinal column disc |
US11234745B2 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2022-02-01 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone screw assembly with partially spherical screw head and twist in place pressure insert |
US8523865B2 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2013-09-03 | Exactech, Inc. | Tissue splitter |
US8226690B2 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2012-07-24 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Systems and methods for stabilization of bone structures |
US20070043359A1 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2007-02-22 | Moti Altarac | Systems and methods for stabilization of bone structures |
US20070073396A1 (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-29 | Impliant Ltd. | Adjustable spinal prostheses |
US8163024B2 (en) | 2005-09-14 | 2012-04-24 | Premia Spine Ltd. | Adjustable spinal prostheses |
US11241261B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2022-02-08 | Roger P Jackson | Apparatus and method for soft spinal stabilization using a tensionable cord and releasable end structure |
US7909871B2 (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2011-03-22 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US20070106383A1 (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2007-05-10 | Abdou M S | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US8870920B2 (en) | 2005-10-07 | 2014-10-28 | M. Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US20070093828A1 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-26 | Abdou M S | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US20070167948A1 (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-07-19 | Abdou M S | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US7704271B2 (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2010-04-27 | Abdou M Samy | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US8545538B2 (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2013-10-01 | M. Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement |
US8308773B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2012-11-13 | Medyssey Co., Ltd. | Pedicle screw |
US20100087874A1 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2010-04-08 | Jong Wuk Jang | Pedicle screw |
EP1973484A4 (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2015-08-12 | Facet Soulutions Inc | System and method for multiple level facet joint arthroplasty and fusion |
US20070233091A1 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-10-04 | Naifeh Bill R | Multi-level spherical linkage implant system |
US8118869B2 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2012-02-21 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Dynamic interbody device |
US20070213720A1 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2007-09-13 | Southwest Research Institute | Dynamic interbody device |
US8025681B2 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2011-09-27 | Theken Spine, Llc | Dynamic motion spinal stabilization system |
US8043337B2 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2011-10-25 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Implant system and method to treat degenerative disorders of the spine |
US8172882B2 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2012-05-08 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Implant system and method to treat degenerative disorders of the spine |
US7799055B2 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2010-09-21 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Minimal spacing spinal stabilization device and method |
US20080021458A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-24 | Warsaw Orthopedic Inc. | Minimal spacing spinal stabilization device and method |
US8303630B2 (en) | 2006-07-27 | 2012-11-06 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for the minimally invasive treatment of spinal stenosis |
US20080027438A1 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-01-31 | Abdou M S | Devices and methods for the minimally invasive treatment of spinal stenosis |
US8702755B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2014-04-22 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Angled washer polyaxial connection for dynamic spine prosthesis |
US7988711B2 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2011-08-02 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Low profile vertebral stabilization systems and methods |
US20080125813A1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-05-29 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Low profile vertebral stabilization systems and methods |
US20110276096A1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2011-11-10 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Low profile vertebral stabilzation systems and methods |
US8672972B2 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2014-03-18 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Low profile vertebral stabilzation systems and methods |
US11660206B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2023-05-30 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11712345B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2023-08-01 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US10398566B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2019-09-03 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11432942B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2022-09-06 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US10583015B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2020-03-10 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11395626B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2022-07-26 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Sensor for intervertebral fusion indicia |
US8105382B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2012-01-31 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US8568481B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2013-10-29 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US20080140207A1 (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-12 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US10390963B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2019-08-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11497618B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2022-11-15 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11273050B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2022-03-15 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11642229B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2023-05-09 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US20080319484A1 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-12-25 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | System and method for facet joint replacement |
US20140180338A1 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2014-06-26 | Globus Medical, Inc | System and Method for Bone Anchorage |
US8308768B2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2012-11-13 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for facet joint replacement |
US9204905B2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2015-12-08 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for facet joint replacement |
US8211147B2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2012-07-03 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for facet joint replacement |
US8252027B2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2012-08-28 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for facet joint replacement |
US8333789B2 (en) | 2007-01-10 | 2012-12-18 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet joint replacement |
US8206418B2 (en) | 2007-01-10 | 2012-06-26 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for facet joint replacement with detachable coupler |
US20120232594A1 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2012-09-13 | Fauth Andrew R | System and Method for Facet Joint Replacement |
US8377098B2 (en) | 2007-01-19 | 2013-02-19 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal unit system and method for use |
US8940022B2 (en) | 2007-01-19 | 2015-01-27 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal unit system and method for use |
US8597358B2 (en) | 2007-01-19 | 2013-12-03 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Dynamic interbody devices |
US9066811B2 (en) | 2007-01-19 | 2015-06-30 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal unit system and method for use |
US7959677B2 (en) | 2007-01-19 | 2011-06-14 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Artificial functional spinal unit system and method for use |
US9439683B2 (en) | 2007-01-26 | 2016-09-13 | Roger P Jackson | Dynamic stabilization member with molded connection |
US8034081B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 | 2011-10-11 | CollabComl, LLC | Interspinous dynamic stabilization implant and method of implanting |
US8096996B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2012-01-17 | Exactech, Inc. | Rod reducer |
US20080319485A1 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-12-25 | Facet Solutions, Inc. | System and method for implant anchorage with anti-rotation features |
US8353933B2 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2013-01-15 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | Facet joint replacement |
US20080275507A1 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-11-06 | Faucet Solutions, Inc. | Facet Joint Replacement |
US9050144B2 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2015-06-09 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for implant anchorage with anti-rotation features |
US8702759B2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2014-04-22 | Gmedelaware 2 Llc | System and method for bone anchorage |
US8172881B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-05-08 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method with a deflection rod mounted in close proximity to a mounting rod |
US8182515B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-05-22 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8083772B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-12-27 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic spinal rod assembly and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8568451B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2013-10-29 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Bone anchor for receiving a rod for stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8080039B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-12-20 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Anchor system for a spine implantation system that can move about three axes |
US8105356B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-01-31 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Bone anchor with a curved mounting element for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US7942900B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-05-17 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Shaped horizontal rod for dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US7963978B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-06-21 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Method for implanting a deflection rod system and customizing the deflection rod system for a particular patient need for dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system |
US7985243B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-07-26 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Deflection rod system with mount for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8105359B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-01-31 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Deflection rod system for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US7993372B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-08-09 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system with a shielded deflection rod system and method |
US8002803B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-08-23 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Deflection rod system for a spine implant including an inner rod and an outer shell and method |
US8002800B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-08-23 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Horizontal rod with a mounting platform for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8317836B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-11-27 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Bone anchor for receiving a rod for stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8298267B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-10-30 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Spine implant with a deflection rod system including a deflection limiting shield associated with a bone screw and method |
US8012175B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-09-06 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Multi-directional deflection profile for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8070776B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-12-06 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Deflection rod system for use with a vertebral fusion implant for dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8021396B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-09-20 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Configurable dynamic spinal rod and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8118842B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-02-21 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Multi-level dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8048128B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-01 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Revision system and method for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8070780B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-12-06 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Bone anchor with a yoke-shaped anchor head for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8048121B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-01 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Spine implant with a defelction rod system anchored to a bone anchor and method |
US8048113B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-01 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Deflection rod system with a non-linear deflection to load characteristic for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8211150B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-07-03 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8048115B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-01 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Surgical tool and method for implantation of a dynamic bone anchor |
US8070775B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-12-06 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Deflection rod system for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8048123B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-01 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Spine implant with a deflection rod system and connecting linkages and method |
US8070774B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-12-06 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Reinforced bone anchor for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8192469B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-06-05 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method with a deflection rod |
US8109970B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-02-07 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Deflection rod system with a deflection contouring shield for a spine implant and method |
US8092501B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-01-10 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic spinal rod and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8182516B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-05-22 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Rod capture mechanism for dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8066747B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-29 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Implantation method for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8177815B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-05-15 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Super-elastic deflection rod for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8048122B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-01 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Spine implant with a dual deflection rod system including a deflection limiting sheild associated with a bone screw and method |
US8052721B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-08 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Multi-dimensional horizontal rod for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8114130B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-02-14 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Deflection rod system for spine implant with end connectors and method |
US8162987B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-04-24 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Modular spine treatment kit for dynamic stabilization and motion preservation of the spine |
US8114134B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-02-14 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Spinal prosthesis having a three bar linkage for motion preservation and dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8147520B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-04-03 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Horizontally loaded dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8057514B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-15 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Deflection rod system dimensioned for deflection to a load characteristic for dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8052722B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2011-11-08 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dual deflection rod system for a dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system and method |
US8142480B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2012-03-27 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Dynamic stabilization and motion preservation spinal implantation system with horizontal deflection rod and articulating vertical rods |
US10973652B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2021-04-13 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Highly lordosed fusion cage |
US9839530B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2017-12-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Highly lordosed fusion cage |
US11622868B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2023-04-11 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Highly lordosed fusion cage |
US8267965B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-09-18 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Spinal stabilization systems with dynamic interbody devices |
US8182514B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-05-22 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Dampener system for a posterior stabilization system with a fixed length elongated member |
US8187330B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-05-29 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Dampener system for a posterior stabilization system with a variable length elongated member |
US8162994B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-04-24 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Posterior stabilization system with isolated, dual dampener systems |
US8157844B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-04-17 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Dampener system for a posterior stabilization system with a variable length elongated member |
US8523912B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2013-09-03 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Posterior stabilization systems with shared, dual dampener systems |
WO2009060426A1 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Spine21 Ltd. | Posterior-medial facet support assembly |
US20120150303A1 (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2012-06-14 | Linares Medical Devices, Llc | Spine support implant including inter vertebral insertable fluid ballastable insert and inter-vertebral web retaining harnesses |
US8758439B2 (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2014-06-24 | Linares Medical Devices, Llc | Spine support implant including inter vertebral insertable fluid ballastable insert and inter-vertebral web retaining harnesses |
US10433977B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2019-10-08 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant and associated method of manufacturing the same |
US10449058B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2019-10-22 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant and associated method of manufacturing the same |
US11737881B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2023-08-29 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant and associated method of manufacturing the same |
US8057517B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-11-15 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing component having a deflectable post and centering spring and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8337536B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-12-25 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a deflectable post with a compliant ring and method for stabilization of the spine |
US8211155B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-07-03 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a durable compliant member and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8048125B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-11-01 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Versatile offset polyaxial connector and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8057515B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-11-15 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing anchor having a deflectable post and centering spring and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8097024B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-01-17 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a deflectable post and method for stabilization of the spine |
US8083775B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-12-27 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a natural center of rotation and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8267979B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-09-18 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a deflectable post and axial spring and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8016861B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-09-13 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Versatile polyaxial connector assembly and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8012181B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-09-06 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Modular in-line deflection rod and bone anchor system and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8007518B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-08-30 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing component having a deflectable post and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8333792B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2012-12-18 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Load-sharing bone anchor having a deflectable post and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US8696708B2 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2014-04-15 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Facet interference screw |
US20110004247A1 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2011-01-06 | Beat Lechmann | Facet interference screw |
US9931223B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2018-04-03 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US10449056B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2019-10-22 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11712342B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2023-08-01 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11701234B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2023-07-18 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11712341B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2023-08-01 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11602438B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2023-03-14 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US9993350B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2018-06-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11617655B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2023-04-04 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11707359B2 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2023-07-25 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US20110130838A1 (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2011-06-02 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral implant and installation tool |
US20090292361A1 (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-11-26 | Rudolf Morgenstern Lopez | Intervertebral implant and installation tool |
US9907574B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2018-03-06 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchors with pop-on shank, friction fit fully restrained retainer, insert and tool receiving features |
US8216281B2 (en) | 2008-12-03 | 2012-07-10 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Low profile spinal prosthesis incorporating a bone anchor having a deflectable post and a compound spinal rod |
US11612491B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2023-03-28 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Zero profile spinal fusion cage |
US9918745B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2018-03-20 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with pop-on shank and winged insert with friction fit compressive collet |
US9717534B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2017-08-01 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with pop-on shank and friction fit retainer with low profile edge lock |
US9668771B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2017-06-06 | Roger P Jackson | Soft stabilization assemblies with off-set connector |
US9168069B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2015-10-27 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with pop-on shank and winged insert with lower skirt for engaging a friction fit retainer |
US9504496B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2016-11-29 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with pop-on shank, friction fit retainer and winged insert |
US9393047B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2016-07-19 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with pop-on shank and friction fit retainer with low profile edge lock |
US8998959B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2015-04-07 | Roger P Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchors with pop-on shank, fully constrained friction fit retainer and lock and release insert |
US11229457B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2022-01-25 | Roger P. Jackson | Pivotal bone anchor assembly with insert tool deployment |
US8394127B2 (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2013-03-12 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Low profile spinal prosthesis incorporating a bone anchor having a deflectable post and a compound spinal rod |
US8372122B2 (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2013-02-12 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Low profile spinal prosthesis incorporating a bone anchor having a deflectable post and a compound spinal rod |
US8257397B2 (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2012-09-04 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Low profile spinal prosthesis incorporating a bone anchor having a deflectable post and a compound spinal rod |
US11918486B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2024-03-05 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US10945861B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2021-03-16 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US10857004B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2020-12-08 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US10543107B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2020-01-28 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US10610380B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2020-04-07 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US11607321B2 (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2023-03-21 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Bellows-like expandable interbody fusion cage |
US10500062B2 (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Bellows-like expandable interbody fusion cage |
US8518085B2 (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2013-08-27 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Adaptive spinal rod and methods for stabilization of the spine |
US20110307018A1 (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-15 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Adaptive spinal rod and methods for stabilization of the spine |
US10966840B2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2021-04-06 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Enhanced cage insertion assembly |
US9895236B2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2018-02-20 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Enhanced cage insertion assembly |
US11911287B2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2024-02-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage |
US11872139B2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2024-01-16 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Enhanced cage insertion assembly |
US10548741B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2020-02-04 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Distractible intervertebral implant |
US11654033B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2023-05-23 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Distractible intervertebral implant |
EP2992845A1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2016-03-09 | X-spine Systems, Inc. | Spinal stabilization system utilizing screw and external facet and/or lamina fixation |
WO2012006216A1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-01-12 | X-Spine Systems, Inc. | Spinal stabilization system utilizing screw and external facet and/or lamina fixation |
US20120010658A1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-01-12 | X-Spine Systems, Inc. | Spinal stabilization system utilizing screw and external facet and/or lamina fixation |
US8986355B2 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2015-03-24 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Facet fusion implant |
US11452607B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2022-09-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable interspinous process spacer implant |
US8940051B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2015-01-27 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Interbody device insertion systems and methods |
US11324608B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2022-05-10 | Samy Abdou | Spinal fixation devices and methods of use |
US11517449B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2022-12-06 | Samy Abdou | Spinal fixation devices and methods of use |
US10575961B1 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2020-03-03 | Samy Abdou | Spinal fixation devices and methods of use |
US9526627B2 (en) | 2011-11-17 | 2016-12-27 | Exactech, Inc. | Expandable interbody device system and method |
US9636146B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2017-05-02 | Roger P. Jackson | Multi-start closures for open implants |
US11510706B2 (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2022-11-29 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Systems for spinal stabilization |
US10561446B2 (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2020-02-18 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Systems for spinal stabilization |
US20160151095A1 (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2016-06-02 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Systems for spinal stabilization |
US8430916B1 (en) | 2012-02-07 | 2013-04-30 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Spinal rod connectors, methods of use, and spinal prosthesis incorporating spinal rod connectors |
US11839413B2 (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2023-12-12 | Samy Abdou | Spinous process fixation devices and methods of use |
US11006982B2 (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2021-05-18 | Samy Abdou | Spinous process fixation devices and methods of use |
US10058433B2 (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2018-08-28 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable implant |
US11559336B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2023-01-24 | Samy Abdou | Spinal fixation devices and methods of use |
US10695105B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2020-06-30 | Samy Abdou | Spinal fixation devices and methods of use |
US9883951B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2018-02-06 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Artificial disc |
US11173040B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2021-11-16 | Cogent Spine, LLC | Devices and methods for spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US11918483B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2024-03-05 | Cogent Spine Llc | Devices and methods for spinal stabilization and instrumentation |
US9770265B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2017-09-26 | Roger P. Jackson | Splay control closure for open bone anchor |
US8911478B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2014-12-16 | Roger P. Jackson | Splay control closure for open bone anchor |
US10058354B2 (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2018-08-28 | Roger P. Jackson | Pivotal bone anchor assembly with frictional shank head seating surfaces |
US8852239B2 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2014-10-07 | Roger P Jackson | Sagittal angle screw with integral shank and receiver |
US9492288B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2016-11-15 | Flexuspine, Inc. | Expandable fusion device for positioning between adjacent vertebral bodies |
US11369484B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2022-06-28 | Flexuspine Inc. | Expandable fusion device for positioning between adjacent vertebral bodies |
US11766341B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2023-09-26 | Tyler Fusion Technologies, Llc | Expandable fusion device for positioning between adjacent vertebral bodies |
US9522070B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2016-12-20 | Interventional Spine, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US10413422B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2019-09-17 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11497619B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2022-11-15 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US11850164B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2023-12-26 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant |
US20170340365A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2017-11-30 | Atlas Spine, Inc. | Facet fixation targeting guide |
US20140288601A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-25 | Atlas Spine, Inc. | Facet fixation with anchor wire |
US9730737B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2017-08-15 | Atlas Spine, Inc. | Facet fixation with anchor wire |
US10105164B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2018-10-23 | Atlas Spine, Inc. | Facet fixation targeting guide |
US9566092B2 (en) | 2013-10-29 | 2017-02-14 | Roger P. Jackson | Cervical bone anchor with collet retainer and outer locking sleeve |
US9717533B2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2017-08-01 | Roger P. Jackson | Bone anchor closure pivot-splay control flange form guide and advancement structure |
US9451993B2 (en) | 2014-01-09 | 2016-09-27 | Roger P. Jackson | Bi-radial pop-on cervical bone anchor |
US11253373B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2022-02-22 | Choice Spine, Llc | Limited profile intervertebral implant with incorporated fastening and locking mechanism |
US9517144B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2016-12-13 | Exactech, Inc. | Limited profile intervertebral implant with incorporated fastening mechanism |
US10398565B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2019-09-03 | Choice Spine, Llc | Limited profile intervertebral implant with incorporated fastening and locking mechanism |
US9597119B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2017-03-21 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with polymer sleeve |
US10064658B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2018-09-04 | Roger P. Jackson | Polyaxial bone anchor with insert guides |
US11426290B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2022-08-30 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral implant, system, kit and method |
US9913727B2 (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2018-03-13 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable implant |
US11246718B2 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2022-02-15 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral stabilization |
US10857003B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2020-12-08 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral stabilization |
US11510788B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2022-11-29 | Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh | Expandable, angularly adjustable intervertebral cages |
US11596523B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2023-03-07 | Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh | Expandable and angularly adjustable articulating intervertebral cages |
US11596522B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2023-03-07 | Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh | Expandable and angularly adjustable intervertebral cages with articulating joint |
US10973648B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2021-04-13 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US11058548B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2021-07-13 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US10744000B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2020-08-18 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US10548740B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2020-02-04 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US11259935B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2022-03-01 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US11752008B1 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2023-09-12 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment |
US10537436B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2020-01-21 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Curved expandable cage |
US10888433B2 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2021-01-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Intervertebral implant inserter and related methods |
US10398563B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2019-09-03 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable cage |
US11446155B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2022-09-20 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable cage |
US11344424B2 (en) | 2017-06-14 | 2022-05-31 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral implant and related methods |
US10940016B2 (en) | 2017-07-05 | 2021-03-09 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral fusion cage |
WO2019193439A1 (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-10 | Sullivan Barrera Jr Michael O | Facetory stabiliser device for a pedicle screw |
US11179248B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2021-11-23 | Samy Abdou | Devices and methods for spinal implantation |
US11446156B2 (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2022-09-20 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral implant, inserter instrument, and related methods |
WO2020261046A1 (en) * | 2019-06-23 | 2020-12-30 | Premia Spine Ltd. | Bi-directional motion spinal implant |
US11076891B2 (en) | 2019-06-23 | 2021-08-03 | Premia Spine Ltd. | Bi-directional motion spinal implant |
US11806245B2 (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2023-11-07 | Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11426286B2 (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2022-08-30 | Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh | Expandable intervertebral implant |
US11850160B2 (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2023-12-26 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable lordotic intervertebral fusion cage |
US11752009B2 (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2023-09-12 | Medos International Sarl | Expandable intervertebral fusion cage |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1732477B1 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
KR20070029645A (en) | 2007-03-14 |
IL176148A0 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
CN1997327A (en) | 2007-07-11 |
US9872776B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 |
US20080177332A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
EP1732477A2 (en) | 2006-12-20 |
JP2007513742A (en) | 2007-05-31 |
US20150238323A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
WO2006033659A2 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
AU2004323518A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
BRPI0417645A (en) | 2007-03-27 |
US9056016B2 (en) | 2015-06-16 |
CA2548545A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
WO2006033659A3 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US9872776B2 (en) | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses | |
US8409254B2 (en) | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces | |
US8231655B2 (en) | Prostheses and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces | |
US7691145B2 (en) | Prostheses, systems and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces | |
US6974478B2 (en) | Prostheses, systems and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artificial facet joint surfaces | |
US7290347B2 (en) | Facet joint prosthesis measurement and implant tools | |
US20040230201A1 (en) | Prostheses, tools and methods for replacement of natural facet joints with artifical facet joint surfaces |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ARCHUS ORTHOPEDICS, INC., WASHINGTON Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:REILEY, MARK A.;STINSON, DAVID T.;SCRIBNER, ROBERT M.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:015340/0089;SIGNING DATES FROM 20040426 TO 20040429 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT, MA Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FSI ACQUISITION SUB, LLC;REEL/FRAME:023471/0325 Effective date: 20091105 Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT,MAR Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FSI ACQUISITION SUB, LLC;REEL/FRAME:023471/0325 Effective date: 20091105 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FACET SOLUTIONS, INC., MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ARCHUS ORTHOPEDICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:023767/0857 Effective date: 20091105 Owner name: FACET SOLUTIONS, INC.,MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ARCHUS ORTHOPEDICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:023767/0857 Effective date: 20091105 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FSI ACQUISITION SUB, LLC, MASSACHUSETTS Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL ELECTRIC CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:025671/0863 Effective date: 20110119 |