US20050150222A1 - One piece catalytic converter with integral exhaust manifold - Google Patents

One piece catalytic converter with integral exhaust manifold Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050150222A1
US20050150222A1 US11/022,067 US2206704A US2005150222A1 US 20050150222 A1 US20050150222 A1 US 20050150222A1 US 2206704 A US2206704 A US 2206704A US 2005150222 A1 US2005150222 A1 US 2005150222A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
converter
catalytic
exhaust system
system component
catalytic converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/022,067
Inventor
Martin Kalish
Robert Purdy
Clinton McAllister
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WESCAST (USA)
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WESCAST (USA)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WESCAST (USA) filed Critical WESCAST (USA)
Priority to US11/022,067 priority Critical patent/US20050150222A1/en
Assigned to WESCAST (USA) reassignment WESCAST (USA) ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MCALLISTER, CLINTON J., PURDY, ROBERT B., KALISH, MARTIN W.
Publication of US20050150222A1 publication Critical patent/US20050150222A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
    • F01N3/2857—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets being at least partially made of intumescent material, e.g. unexpanded vermiculite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to catalytic converters and, more particularly to a one piece catalytic converter can with an integral exhaust manifold.
  • the integral catalytic converter can and exhaust manifold are formed as a unitary casting. While numerous materials may be suitable for casting the one piece catalytic converter and exhaust manifold, cast irons and, preferably SiMo cast irons are preferred.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of welding an end cone to the one piece catalytic converter and integral exhaust manifold.
  • Catalytic converter assemblies are typically formed by mechanically fastening stamped or otherwise machined inlet cones, outlet cones and converter housings together to contain the conversion materials.
  • Catalytic converter assembly Among the perceived drawbacks to this type of catalytic converter assembly are the costs associated with assembling multiple pieces to arrive at a useful component and the inherent gas leak paths associated with multi-piece components, especially those employing mechanical fasteners to join the pieces.
  • the present invention addresses the above described drawbacks, among others, by providing a catalytic converter assembly employing a one-piece catalytic converter can and integral exhaust manifold to limit the number of overall components in the assembly.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing catalytic converter assemblies by welding a second end cone or second end portion of an exhaust manifold to the one piece catalytic converter can and integral exhaust manifold.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a catalytic converter assembly employing a one piece catalytic converter can and integral exhaust manifold according to the teachings of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic converter assembly employing a one piece catalytic converter housing and integral exhaust manifold according to the teachings of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a magnified sectional view of the inlet cone portion of the assembly.
  • a catalytic converter assembly 10 employing a one piece catalytic converter can and integral manifold assembly.
  • the converter can portion is defined by reference numeral 12 and the manifold is defined by reference numeral 14 .
  • the catalytic converter can portion 12 houses the components necessary for converting the exhaust gases prior to discharge from the vehicle to the atmosphere. While not specifically shown, the converter can and/or the manifold portion of the assembly can be provided with various sensors to monitor gas flow through the system.
  • the catalytic conversion components inserted within the converter can portion 12 include a substrate 16 which is held in place by a mounting mat 18 .
  • Z-seals (not shown) which are known in the art, may be used in association with the mat to assist in securing the substrate within the converter can.
  • the mounting mat is disposed adjacent the inner wall 34 of the converter can in the gap 36 occurring between the inner wall 20 of the converter can 12 and the outer surface 22 of the substrate 16 .
  • the gap 36 can vary in size but preferably is between 3.5 and 7.5 mm.
  • a properly sized gap allows for adherence to minimize and maximize pressure requirements both during installation of the substrate, which are known to be relatively fragile, and during the systems useful life. Importantly, the gap also allows for the use of a mounting mat made from a hybrid material of ceramics/metal which can be a significant cost savings.
  • the mounting mat 18 holds, cushions and thermally insulates the substrate.
  • Mounting mats can be made of intumescent material such as vermiculite, non-intumescent material such as ceramic fibers, or a combination of intumescent and non-intumescent materials bound by an organic compound by way of non-limiting example.
  • the mat is non-intumescent and of a basis weight suitable to optimize the holding force, cushioning and insulation of the substrate.
  • the substrate 16 is the filtering or exhaust gas conversion component of the assembly. While the substrate 16 is shown as a single piece, it should be understood that the substrate may include multiple pieces which is sometimes referred to as a “cascaded” system. The substrate pieces may be made from the same or different materials having varying catalytic properties. Likewise, the substrate pieces may be of the same or varying design. Additionally, sensors (not shown) may be incorporated into the substrate assembly to monitor and control the flow of exhaust gas through the assembly.
  • the integral exhaust manifold portion 14 itself can be described in terms of two distinct sections, namely the transition pipes 38 , which are typically mounted to an engine block (not shown) and an inlet cone 40 .
  • the inlet cone 40 is shaped internally along wall 42 to accumulate the exhaust gas entering from pipes 38 and to direct the gas flow to and through the substrate.
  • the inlet cone 40 is narrower along the transition point with the transition pipes and is wider at the transition point with the converter housing.
  • the inner wall 42 of the inlet cone 40 is provided with an annular inwardly projecting portion 44 in proximity to the mat 18 intended to divert exhaust gas away from the mat 18 and through the substrate 16 .
  • annular projection 36 By providing the annular projection 36 , the working life of the mat can be greatly extended.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 Also depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an outlet cone 24 which is shown as including a flange 46 for connection to a muffler assembly (not shown). It should be noted, however, that assembly 10 has applications for direct attachment to a muffler assembly.
  • Coupling of the outlet cone 24 to the integral manifold assembly may be done mechanically, adhesively and/or via a weld joint 30 .
  • a preferred weld joint 30 is depicted whereby the converter can includes a first end 26 having a recess 28 for receiving the leading end 32 of the second cone 24 in a close fit relationship.
  • a circumferential weld can be carried out along the weld joint 30 to seal the assembly.
  • the one piece catalytic converter with integral exhaust manifold can be cast from a suitable alloy such as SiMo cast iron by way of non-limiting example.
  • a suitable alloy such as SiMo cast iron

Abstract

The present invention relates to exhaust system assemblies and, more particularly, to a one piece catalytic converter can with an integral exhaust manifold. Disposed within the catalytic converter can are the catalytic conversion components. Coupled to the one piece converter can and integral exhaust manifold is a second end cone to provide a substantially air tight seal to the assembly.

Description

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/533,233, filed on Dec. 30, 2003. The disclosure(s) of the above application(s) is (are) incorporated herein by reference.
    • FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Technical Field
  • The present invention relates to catalytic converters and, more particularly to a one piece catalytic converter can with an integral exhaust manifold. Preferably the integral catalytic converter can and exhaust manifold are formed as a unitary casting. While numerous materials may be suitable for casting the one piece catalytic converter and exhaust manifold, cast irons and, preferably SiMo cast irons are preferred.
  • In addition to the one piece catalytic converter with integral exhaust manifold, the present invention also relates to a method of welding an end cone to the one piece catalytic converter and integral exhaust manifold.
  • 2. Discussion of Prior Art
  • Catalytic converter assemblies are typically formed by mechanically fastening stamped or otherwise machined inlet cones, outlet cones and converter housings together to contain the conversion materials. Among the perceived drawbacks to this type of catalytic converter assembly are the costs associated with assembling multiple pieces to arrive at a useful component and the inherent gas leak paths associated with multi-piece components, especially those employing mechanical fasteners to join the pieces.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • In a first instance, the present invention addresses the above described drawbacks, among others, by providing a catalytic converter assembly employing a one-piece catalytic converter can and integral exhaust manifold to limit the number of overall components in the assembly.
  • In addition to catalytic converter assemblies including a one piece catalytic converter can with integral manifold, the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing catalytic converter assemblies by welding a second end cone or second end portion of an exhaust manifold to the one piece catalytic converter can and integral exhaust manifold.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a catalytic converter assembly employing a one piece catalytic converter can and integral exhaust manifold according to the teachings of the present invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic converter assembly employing a one piece catalytic converter housing and integral exhaust manifold according to the teachings of the present invention; and
  • FIG. 3 is a magnified sectional view of the inlet cone portion of the assembly.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, shown is a catalytic converter assembly 10 employing a one piece catalytic converter can and integral manifold assembly. The converter can portion is defined by reference numeral 12 and the manifold is defined by reference numeral 14. Generally, the catalytic converter can portion 12 houses the components necessary for converting the exhaust gases prior to discharge from the vehicle to the atmosphere. While not specifically shown, the converter can and/or the manifold portion of the assembly can be provided with various sensors to monitor gas flow through the system.
  • As illustrated, the catalytic conversion components inserted within the converter can portion 12 include a substrate 16 which is held in place by a mounting mat 18. Z-seals (not shown) which are known in the art, may be used in association with the mat to assist in securing the substrate within the converter can. The mounting mat is disposed adjacent the inner wall 34 of the converter can in the gap 36 occurring between the inner wall 20 of the converter can 12 and the outer surface 22 of the substrate 16. By employing a mounting mat in the gap, dimensional variations in converter can, the substrate or mounting mat material can be accommodated with what is considered to be a negligible effect on the overall performance of an exhaust system employing the integral assembly 10. The gap 36 can vary in size but preferably is between 3.5 and 7.5 mm. A properly sized gap allows for adherence to minimize and maximize pressure requirements both during installation of the substrate, which are known to be relatively fragile, and during the systems useful life. Importantly, the gap also allows for the use of a mounting mat made from a hybrid material of ceramics/metal which can be a significant cost savings.
  • The mounting mat 18 holds, cushions and thermally insulates the substrate. Mounting mats can be made of intumescent material such as vermiculite, non-intumescent material such as ceramic fibers, or a combination of intumescent and non-intumescent materials bound by an organic compound by way of non-limiting example. Preferably, the mat is non-intumescent and of a basis weight suitable to optimize the holding force, cushioning and insulation of the substrate.
  • As should be understood in the art, the substrate 16 is the filtering or exhaust gas conversion component of the assembly. While the substrate 16 is shown as a single piece, it should be understood that the substrate may include multiple pieces which is sometimes referred to as a “cascaded” system. The substrate pieces may be made from the same or different materials having varying catalytic properties. Likewise, the substrate pieces may be of the same or varying design. Additionally, sensors (not shown) may be incorporated into the substrate assembly to monitor and control the flow of exhaust gas through the assembly.
  • The integral exhaust manifold portion 14, itself can be described in terms of two distinct sections, namely the transition pipes 38, which are typically mounted to an engine block (not shown) and an inlet cone 40. As should be understood in the art, the inlet cone 40 is shaped internally along wall 42 to accumulate the exhaust gas entering from pipes 38 and to direct the gas flow to and through the substrate. Thus, the inlet cone 40 is narrower along the transition point with the transition pipes and is wider at the transition point with the converter housing.
  • As shown most clearly in FIG. 3, the inner wall 42 of the inlet cone 40 is provided with an annular inwardly projecting portion 44 in proximity to the mat 18 intended to divert exhaust gas away from the mat 18 and through the substrate 16. By providing the annular projection 36, the working life of the mat can be greatly extended.
  • Also depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an outlet cone 24 which is shown as including a flange 46 for connection to a muffler assembly (not shown). It should be noted, however, that assembly 10 has applications for direct attachment to a muffler assembly. The one piece catalytic converter can 12 and integral manifold portion 14 forming assembly 10 when appropriately joined with the outlet cone 24, form a portion of the “hot end” of an exhaust system.
  • Coupling of the outlet cone 24 to the integral manifold assembly may be done mechanically, adhesively and/or via a weld joint 30. A preferred weld joint 30 is depicted whereby the converter can includes a first end 26 having a recess 28 for receiving the leading end 32 of the second cone 24 in a close fit relationship. Once the outlet cone 24 is inserted into the recess of the converter can portion, a circumferential weld can be carried out along the weld joint 30 to seal the assembly. In view of the fact that the outlet cone may be formed of a material other than that which is used to cast the integral assembly 10, care should be taken in selecting the appropriate weld wire material to insure that a secure weld occurs along the joint.
  • Among the numerous advantages of the one piece catalytic converter with integral exhaust manifold is the elimination of multiple coupling joints which in turn limits the number of potential leak paths along the assembly. As the number of coupling joints increases, the cost to assemble also tends to increase. Another advantage of the present invention is that the one piece catalytic converter with integral exhaust manifold can be cast from a suitable alloy such as SiMo cast iron by way of non-limiting example. Thus, it is believed that the embodiments presented herein represent a potential cost savings to the manufacturer.

Claims (16)

1. An exhaust system component comprising:
a one piece catalytic converter can with integral exhaust manifold, said converter can including an opening for receiving catalytic conversion components.
2. The exhaust system component of claim 1, wherein said one piece catalytic converter can with integral exhaust manifold is formed by casting.
3. The exhaust system component of claim 2, wherein said casting is formed from SiMo iron.
4. The exhaust system component of claim 1, wherein said integral exhaust manifold includes at least one transition pipe and an inlet cone.
5. The exhaust component of claim 4, wherein said inlet cone includes an inner wall which is narrower along the transition point with said at least one transition pipe and wider along the transition point with said converter can.
6. The exhaust component of claim 5 wherein the inner wall of the inlet cone includes an annular inwardly projecting portion in proximity to the transition point with said converter can.
7. The exhaust system component of claim 1, further comprising a mounting mat disposed adjacent an inner wall of said converter can and a filtering substrate disposed within said mounting mat.
8. The exhaust system component of claim 7, wherein said filtering substrate includes multiple substrate pieces having varying catalytic properties.
9. The exhaust system component of claim 7, further comprising a second end cone which is coupled to said converter can.
10. The exhaust system component of claim 8, wherein said second end cone is coupled to the converter can by welding along a coupling joint.
11. The exhaust system component of claim 10, wherein said coupling joint includes a recess occurring along the opening of said converter can which receives the leading end of the second end cone in a close fit relationship.
12. A method of manufacturing an exhaust system assembly comprising the steps of:
a) providing catalytic conversion components;
b) providing a one piece catalytic converter can and integral exhaust manifold, said converter can including an opening for receiving said catalytic conversion components and said integral exhaust manifold including a first end cone;
c) disposing the catalytic converter components within the opening of said catalytic converter can; and
d) attaching a second end cone to said catalytic converter can to capture the catalytic converter components within said catalytic can.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein said one piece catalytic can and integral exhaust manifold is formed by casting.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein said casting is formed from SiMo iron.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein said second end cone is attached via welding along a coupling joint.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein said coupling joint includes a recess occurring along the opening of said converter can which receives the leading end of the second end cone in a close fit relationship.
US11/022,067 2003-12-30 2004-12-23 One piece catalytic converter with integral exhaust manifold Abandoned US20050150222A1 (en)

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US20070062664A1 (en) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-22 Schroth James G Method of casting components with inserts for noise reduction
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US20090035598A1 (en) * 2007-08-03 2009-02-05 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Product with metallic foam and method of manufacturing the same
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