US20060032614A9 - Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional--parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition - Google Patents
Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional--parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060032614A9 US20060032614A9 US10/463,055 US46305503A US2006032614A9 US 20060032614 A9 US20060032614 A9 US 20060032614A9 US 46305503 A US46305503 A US 46305503A US 2006032614 A9 US2006032614 A9 US 2006032614A9
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- heat
- containers
- wall
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F7/02—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
- B29C66/1312—Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
- B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
- B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/02—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using ice, e.g. ice-boxes
- F25D3/06—Movable containers
- F25D3/08—Movable containers portable, i.e. adapted to be carried personally
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/026—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat with different heat storage materials not coming into direct contact
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F2007/0098—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body ways of manufacturing heating or cooling devices for therapy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F7/02—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling
- A61F2007/0268—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling having a plurality of compartments being filled with a heat carrier
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F7/02—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling
- A61F2007/0292—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling using latent heat produced or absorbed during phase change of materials, e.g. of super-cooled solutions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/08—Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
- B29C66/72343—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer for liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2022/00—Hollow articles
- B29L2022/005—Hollow articles having dividing walls, e.g. additional elements placed between object parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2022/00—Hollow articles
- B29L2022/02—Inflatable articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/18—Heat-exchangers or parts thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2303/00—Details of devices using other cold materials; Details of devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D2303/08—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid
- F25D2303/082—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid disposed in a cold storage element not forming part of a container for products to be cooled, e.g. ice pack or gel accumulator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2303/00—Details of devices using other cold materials; Details of devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D2303/08—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid
- F25D2303/085—Compositions of cold storage materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2331/00—Details or arrangements of other cooling or freezing apparatus not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2331/80—Type of cooled receptacles
- F25D2331/804—Boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25D2500/02—Geometry problems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0004—Particular heat storage apparatus
- F28D2020/0008—Particular heat storage apparatus the heat storage material being enclosed in plate-like or laminated elements, e.g. in plates having internal compartments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention pertains to apparatus and methods for abstracting heat from a substance.
- More particularly, the invention pertains to an improved apparatus and method which utilizes a matrix comprised of liquids and solids to abstract, over an extended period of time, heat from a substance.
- In a further respect, the invention pertains to an improved apparatus of the type described which utilizes a plurality of heat transfer elements having three dimensional parity.
- In another respect, the invention pertains to an improved heat abstracting apparatus of the type described which convects heat along paths intermediate spaced apart heat transfer elements.
- In still a further respect, the invention pertains to an improved apparatus and method of the type described in which heat transfer elements are shaped to absorb heat along vertical and lateral paths.
- In still another respect, the invention pertains to an improved simplified method of manufacturing a heat transfer device.
- In yet a further respect, the invention pertains to an improved heat abstracting apparatus of the type described which provides efficient transfer using a single heat transfer element--liquid interface.
- So called “cold packs” are well known and typically, for example, comprise pliable, hollow, vinyl containers filled with a gelatin. In use, the cold pack is frozen and is placed against an individual's neck or other part of the individual's body to cool the individual. One such conventional cold pack is marketed under the trademark “THERAPAC” and comprises a twelve inch-by-twelve inch two ply vinyl container filled with a white odorless insoluble gelatin. Another conventional cold pack is marketed under the trademark “COLPAC” and comprises a twelve inch-by-twelve inch single ply polymer container filled with a gray odorless soluble gelatin. Such conventional cold packs are widely disseminated and effectively absorb heat. One principal disadvantage of such cold packs is that they have a relatively short-lived ability to stay cold. For example, when the THERAPAC and COLPAC cold packs noted above are removed from a freezer, the temperature on the outer surface of the cold pack can be five degrees F. After about an hour, the temperature can be about forty-five to fifty degrees F. After about two hours, the temperature on the outer surface of the cold packs can be about fifty-two to fifty-eight degrees F. After about three hours, the temperature can be about sixty-five to seventy degrees F. Consequently, after only an hour the temperature of the outer surface of each of the cold packs is well above freezing.
- Accordingly, it would be highly desirable to provide an improved cold pack which would, after being exposed to ambient temperature, maintain a low temperature for an extended period of time.
- Therefore, it is a principal object of the invention to provide an improved apparatus for abstracting heat from a solid, liquid, gas or other substance.
- A further object of the instant invention is to provide an improved cold pack which will maintain a cold temperature for an extended period of time after being exposed to a temperature greater than that of the cold pack.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an improved method for manufacturing a cold pack.
- Still a further object of the invention is to provide a heat transfer device that facilitates conforming the device to the contour of the body.
- Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved heat transfer device with a module matrix that facilitates folding the device and partitioning the device.
- These and other, further and more specific objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description thereof, taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is an elevation view illustrating a heat transfer device constructed in accordance with the principles of the invention; -
FIG. 2 is an elevation view illustrating an alternate embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 3 is an elevation view illustrating yet another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 4 is a side section elevation view illustrating still a further embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 5 is a side section elevation view illustrating still another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a portion of the invention ofFIG. 5 ; -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating yet a further embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 8 is a top view illustrating yet another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 9 is a top view illustrating still a further embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 10A is a front section view view illustrating the first step in a method for making a pan member used in the invention; -
FIG. 10B is a front section view illustrating the second step in a method for making a pan member used in the invention; -
FIG. 10C is a front section view illustrating the administration of fluid to the pan member ofFIG. 10B ; -
FIG. 10D is a front section view illustrating the incorporation and sealing of a module matrix into the pan member—fluid system ofFIG. 10C ; -
FIG. 11A is a front section view illustrating the first step in producing a module matrix used in the invention; -
FIG. 11B is a front section view illustrating the second step in producing a module matrix used in the invention; -
FIG. 11C is a front section view illustrating charging a module matrix with fluid; -
FIG. 12 is a top view illustrating still another embodiment of the invention; and, -
FIG. 13 is a side section view of the apparatus ofFIG. 12 and illustrating additional construction features thereof. - Briefly, in accordance with the invention, I provide an improved heat transfer device for use in contacting and drawing heat away from a substance. The heat transfer device includes a hollow primary container including a wall, and a first liquid housed in the container; and, includes at least one hollow auxiliary container in the first liquid and including a wall, and a second liquid housed in the auxiliary container. The second liquid has a freezing point less than the freezing point of the first liquid.
- In another embodiment of the invention, I provide an improved method for cooling a substance. The method includes the steps of providing a heat transfer device. The heat transfer device includes a hollow primary container including a wall, and a first liquid housed in the container. The primary container also includes at least one hollow auxiliary container in the first liquid. The auxiliary container includes a wall, and a second liquid housed in the auxiliary container. The second liquid has a freezing point less than the freezing point of the first liquid. The method also includes the steps of cooling the heat transfer device to freeze the second liquid; and, contacting the substance with the heat transfer device.
- In a further embodiment of the invention, I provide an improved method for cooling a substance. The method includes the step of providing a heat transfer device. The heat transfer device includes a hollow primary container. The primary container includes a wall, and a first liquid housed in the container. The primary container also includes at least one hollow auxiliary container in the first liquid. The hollow auxiliary container includes a wall, and a second liquid housed in the wall of the auxiliary container. The second liquid has a freezing point less than the freezing point of the first liquid. The method also includes the steps of cooling the heat transfer device to freeze the second liquid; and, contacting the substance with the heat transfer device such that heat is abstracted from the substance into the first liquid by conduction through the wall of the primary container, such that heat abstracted into the first liquid by conduction through the wall of the primary container causes the liquid to have a nonuniform temperature and produces circulatory motion in the liquid due to variation in the density of the liquid and the action of gravity, and such that heat is abstracted from the first liquid by the conduction through the wall of the auxiliary container.
- In still another embodiment of the invention, I provide an improved two phase single wall heat transfer device for use in contacting and drawing heat away from a substance. The heat transfer device includes an outer wall circumscribing and enclosing an inner space; a plurality of hollow fluid tight containers connected to a portion of said wall and extending from the wall into the inner space; a first heat-exchange composition in the inner space contacting each of the fluid tight containers and comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation; and, a second heat-exchange composition in each of the hollow containers comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation.
- In still a further embodiment of the invention, I provide an improved two phase single wall bi-directional heat transfer device for use in contacting and drawing heat away from a substance. The heat transfer device includes an outer wall circumscribing and enclosing an inner space; a plurality of hollow fluid containers mounted on the outer wall in the inner space, each of the containers including a top and at least one side; a first heat-exchange composition in the inner space contacting each of the fluid containers and comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation; and, a second heat-exchange composition in each of the hollow containers comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation. The side of each of the hollow fluid tight containers is substantially normal to the top such that heat traveling through the hollow fluid container between the first and second heat-exchange compositions travels in a first direction through the top and in a second direction through the side. The first direction is substantially normal to the second direction.
- In yet another embodiment of the invention, I provide an improved two phase single wall heat transfer device for use in contacting and drawing heat away from a substance. The heat transfer device includes an outer wall circumscribing and enclosing an inner space; a plurality of spaced apart hollow fluid containers mounted in said inner space above said outer wall, each of said containers including a top and at least one side; a floor interconnecting the hollow fluid tight containers; a first heat-exchange composition in the inner space contacting each of the fluid containers and comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation; a second heat-exchange composition in each of said hollow containers comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation; the wall, floor, and fluid containers being shaped and dimensioned such that heat absorbed through the wall by the first heat-exchange composition is carried by convection intermediate the hollow fluid containers and into contact with the sides of the containers and with the floor.
- In yet a further embodiment of the invention, I provide an improved two phase single wall heat transfer device for use in contacting and drawing heat away from a substance. The heat transfer device includes an outer wall circumscribing and enclosing an inner space; a plurality of hollow fluid containers mounted in the inner space; a first heat-exchange composition in the inner space contacting each of the fluid containers and comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation; a second heat-exchange composition in each of hollow containers comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation; and, a pump for circulating the first heat-exchange composition into contact with the fluid containers.
- In still yet another embodiment of the invention I provide an improved pliable two phase single wall heat transfer device for use in contacting and drawing heat away from a substance. The heat transfer device comprises an outer wall circumscribing and enclosing an inner space; a plurality of spaced apart hollow fluid tight containers connected to a portion of the wall, extending from the wall into the inner space, and including rounded bottoms to faciliate folding adjacent ones of the fluid containers against one another;a first heat-exchange composition in the inner space contacting each of the fluid tight containers and comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation; and, a second heat-exchange composition in each of the hollow containers comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation.
- In yet still a further embodiment of the invention, I provide an improved method for manufacturing a two phase single wall bi-directional heat transfer device for use in contacting and drawing heat away from a substance. The improved method includes the steps of providing a first sheet of pliable material; forming a pan with the sheet of material, the pan including a peripheral lip extending around the pan; charging the pan with a first heat-exchange composition comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation; providing a second sheet of pliable material; forming a module matrix with the second sheet of material, the module matrix including a peripheral edge and including a plurality of modules each with a bottom and an open top; placing the module matrix in the pan such that the bottom of each module extends into the first heat-exchange composition; administering a second heat-exchange composition to each of the modules comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation liquid; and, sealing the first composition in the pan and the second composition in the module matrix.
- In another embodiment of the invention I provide an improved pliable two phase single wall heat transfer device for use in contacting and drawing heat away from a substance. The heat transfer device comprises an outer wall circumscribing and enclosing an inner space; a plurality of spaced apart hollow fluid tight containers connected to a portion of the wall, extending from the wall into the inner space, and including rounded bottoms to faciliate folding adjacent ones of the fluid containers against one another; a first heat-exchange composition in the inner space contacting each of the fluid tight containers and comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation; and, a second heat-exchange composition in each of the hollow containers comprising a liquid which undergoes a change of state from the liquid phase to the solid phase at a selected temperature of transformation. A plurality of channels interconnects pairs of the hollow containers to promote the flow of liquid therebetween.
- Turning now to the drawings, which depict the presently preferred embodiments of the invention for the purpose of illustrating the practice thereof and not by way of limitation of the scope of the invention, and in which like reference characters refer to corresponding elements throughout the several views,
FIG. 1 illustrates a heat transfer device generally identified byreference character 10.Device 10 includes a spherical hollow primary container having awall 11 including sphericalouter surface 12 and sphericalinner surface 13. A liquid 14 is housed inside the primary container. At least one auxiliary sphericalhollow container 15 is in and free to move and circulate about the reservoir formed byliquid 14. Eachhollow container 15 includes aspherical wall 30 having a sphericalouter surface 16 and a sphericalinner surface 17. A liquid 18 is housed inside eachauxiliary container 15.Liquid 14 has a lower (cooler) freezing point than liquid 18, and preferably, but not necessarily, has a freezing point lower than the coldest temperatures found in conventional household or commercial freezers. By way of example, and not limitation, liquid 14 presently comprises propylene glycol and liquid 18 comprises water.Liquid 18 preferably has a freezing point greater or equal to the coldest temperature found in conventional household or commercial freezers. - Other examples of compositions that can be utilized as liquid 14 or liquid 18 include aqueous solutions of ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, PRESTONE, iso-propyl alcohol, and glycerol. Magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, and calcium chloride brines can be utilized. Refrigerants which can be utilized as liquid 14 include ammonia, ethyl chloride, and methyl chloride.
- The
wall 11 is preferably, although not necessarily, fabricated from a pliable vinyl or other pliable material so thatwall 11 will conform to a part of an individual's body or will conform to some other object that is contacted byheat transfer device 10. Similarly, thewall 30 is preferably, although not necessarily, fabricated from a pliable vinyl or other pliable material so thatwall 30 will conform to a part of an individual's body or will conform to some other object. As would be appreciated by those of skill in the art,device 10 andwalls Walls - In use of the
heat transfer device 10,device 10 is placed in a freezer.Liquid 18, being water, freezes.Liquid 14, being propylene glycol, does not freeze. Afterliquid 18 freezes,device 10 is removed from the freezer and placed against aportion 40 of an individual's body or against some other object or substance so thatdevice 10 absorbs heat H. Heat is absorbed throughwall 11 and intoliquid 14 by the transfer of kinetic energy from particle to particle. When heat is absorbed byliquid 14,liquid 14 has a non-uniform temperature, i.e., liquid nearwall 11 is warmer and has a greater enthalpy than liquid farther away fromwall 11. If liquid nearwall 11 has a different temperature, the density of the liquid nearwall 11 is different than the density of cooler liquid farther away fromwall 11. This density differential, along with the force of gravity, causes circulation and movement ofliquid 14. When, during this circulation and movement, warmedliquid 14 passes by and contacts an auxiliary sphericalhollow container 15, heat is absorbed throughwall 30 and intofrozen liquid 18 by the transfer of kinetic energy from particle to particle. - The heat transfer device of
FIG. 2 is identical to that ofFIG. 1 except thatauxiliary containers 15 are connected in a chain to each other and to the inner surface ofwall 13 bylinks containers 15 can, to a degree, move about inliquid 14, or, the chain can be substantially rigid so it maintains its shape and dimension even ifpliable wall 11 is displaced. - The heat transfer device of
FIG. 3 is identical to that ofFIG. 1 except thatauxiliary containers 15 are removed and replaced by an elongate hollowauxiliary container 31 having acylindrical wall 24 with a cylindricalouter surface 25 and a cylindrical inner surface 26.Container 31 is filled with a liquid 28 which, likeliquid 18, has a freezing point which is greater (warmer) than that ofliquid 14. - In another embodiment of the invention,
liquids 18 and/or 28 have a freezing point which is less than that ofliquid 14. This embodiment of the invention is particularly desirable ifliquid 14, when frozen, is malleable or is readily broken into pieces which permit apliable wall 13 to be displaced and manipulated like the pliable rubber wall of a hot water bottle can be manipulated when the water bottle is filled with water - In a further embodiment of the invention,
liquids 18 and/or 28 have a freezing point equivalent to that ofliquid 14. - The use of the devices of
FIGS. 2 and 3 is comparable to that of the heat transfer device ofFIG. 1 . InFIG. 2 ,auxiliary containers 15 absorb heat fromliquid 14. InFIG. 3 ,auxiliary container 31 absorbs heat fromliquid 14. - The ratio of the mass of
liquid 14 with respect to the mass of liquid 18 (or 28) in adevice 10 can vary as desired, but is presently preferably about 1:1. As the mass ofliquid 18 with respect to the mass ofliquid 14 increases, the heat absorbing capacity ofliquid 18 increases, but there is less ofliquid 14 to circulate tocontainers 15 heat which is absorbed fromwall 11. It is believed that if the mass ofliquid 18 greatly exceeds that of liquid 14 (e.g., the ratio ofliquid 18 toliquid 14 is, for example, 8:1), then heat will tend to be absorbed directly bycontainers 15 instead of first being absorbed byliquid 14 and transferred tocontainers 15. This would defeat a primary feature of the invention. The use ofliquid 14 to circulate heat tocontainers 15 is believed central to the invention and is believed, at least in part, responsible for why the heat transfer apparatus of the invention stays cool for unusually long periods of time. The ratio ofliquid 18 toliquid 14 is preferably, but not necessarily, in the range of 3:1 to 1:3, most preferably in the range of 2:1 to 1:2. - The materials utilized to construct
walls walls - When a
device 10 is placed in a freezer to solidify liquid 18, liquid 14 can have a composition which permits it to turn to a gel, but preferably does not solidify. It is preferred thatliquid 14 remain a liquid or become a gel so thatdevice 10 remains pliable after being frozen. Similarly, when liquid 18 is frozen, it may turn to a gel and may not completely solidify. - The following example is given by way of demonstration and not limitation of the scope of the invention.
- The following were obtained:
-
- 1. A twelve inch long by twelve inch wide “THERAPAC” (™) two ply vinyl “cold pack” containing a white odorless insoluble gelatin. This cold pack was identified as “A”.
- 2. A twelve inch long by twelve inch wide “COLPAC” (™) single ply plastic “cold pack” filled with a gray odorless soluble gelatin. This cold pack was identified as “B”.
- 3. A cold pack was constructed in accordance with the invention and comprised a ten inch long by ten inch wide two ply plastic container filled with one and three-fourths pounds of propylene glycol and a plurality of small elastic liquid-filled rubber containers each having a diameter in the range of one inch to one and one-quarter inches. The liquid in each of the small rubber containers was water. One and three-fourths pounds of water was used to fill the small rubber containers, i.e., each small rubber container contained significantly less than one and three-fourths pounds of water, and, if all the water in all of the small rubber containers were poured in a container, the water would have weighed one and three-fourth pounds. The rubber containers could move about freely in the propylene glycol. Each ply in the plastic bag had a thickness of about two to three mils. The wall thickness of each rubber container was about two to three mils. This cold pack was identified as “C”.
- Cold packs A, B, C were all placed at the same time in a freezer. After several hours, cold packs A, B, C were removed at the same time from the freezer and placed on a flat table top in a room. The room temperature was eighty degrees and was maintained at eighty degrees while the following measurements were made. Measurements were made when the cold packs were removed from the freezer and at hourly intervals thereafter up to four hours. Each time measurements were taken, a measurement was taken on the outer surface of each cold pack and on the interior of each cold pack. The results are summarized below in Tables I and II.
TABLE I Surface Temperature Measurements of Cold Packs A, B, C Temperature Measurements (Degrees F.) Cold Pack At removal 1 hour 2 hours 3 hours 4 hours A 5 48 56 72 77 B 5 47 55 73 80 C 10 39 39 40 42 -
TABLE II Interior Temperature Measurements of Cold Packs A, B, C Temperature Measurements (Degrees F.) Cold Pack At removal 1 hour 2 hours 3 hours 4 hours A 0 47 55 65 75 B 0 49 57 65 75 C 15 15 32 34 36 - The above results demonstrate that the cold pack of the invention (identified as “C”) remained much colder for much longer than the conventional cold packs identified as “A” and “B”. These results were surprising and unexpected and are believed to demonstrate the utility and novelty of the heat transfer device of the invention.
- Another heat transfer device of the invention is illustrated in
FIG. 4 and is generally indicated byreference character 32.Device 32 includesouter wall 33. The material(s) used to fabricatewall 33 can vary as desired.Wall 33 presently preferably comprises a pliable water impermeable material like rubber or plastic.Wall 33 circumscribes and enclosesinner space 36. Cylindricalhollow fluid containers inner space 36. The shape and dimension of eachcontainer container 34 is fluid tight and completely encloses a space 37. Eachcontainer 35 partially encloses a space 38 and opens into the lower portion ofinner space 36 inFIG. 4 . Eachcontainer 35 can be mounted onfloor 46 in an inverted configuration in which space 38 opens into the upper portion—instead of the lower portion—ofspace 36. Eachcontainer 34 includes a top 40 andside 41. The thickness of top 40 andside 41 can vary as desired to vary the ability of heat to traverse and pass through top 40 andside 41. -
Containers floor 46 that extends across and bifurcatesinner space 36 into two separate chambers or spaces. The outer peripheral edge offloor 46 is attached to wall 33. A first heat-exchange composition 44 is in the upper chamber created inspace 36 byfloor 46. A second heat-exchange composition 45 is in the lower chamber created inspace 36 byfloor 46.Floor 46 andcontainers composition 44 from intermixing withcomposition 45, and vice-versa. If desired,floor 46 can be perforated to allow the flow offluid 44 intofluid 45, and vice-versa. - The freezing point of
composition 44 can vary as desired and can be equal to that ofcomposition 45, greater than that ofcomposition 45, or less than that ofcomposition 45. In one presently preferred embodiment, the freezing point ofcomposition 44 is lower than that ofcomposition 45.Composition 44 can be the same ascomposition 45. It is presently preferred, although not necessary, thatcompositions composition 45 freeze at temperatures in the range of fifteen degrees Fahrenheit to thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit; and, thatcomposition 44 freeze at temperatures less than fifteen degrees Fahrenheit. In this configuration,composition 45 normally freezes when placed in a conventional residential freezer whilecomposition 44 does not. Sincecomposition 44 then remains in a liquid state and sincewall 33 normally is pliable,wall 33 andcomposition 44 can readily conform to a surface (i.e., the body of a human being or other animal) even ifcomposition 45 is, when frozen, rigid. - A third heat-exchange chemical composition can be in space 37 in each fluid
tight container 34. The third composition can be a gas, liquid, or solid and can have any desired phase transformation temperatures. Practically speaking, however, the third composition is, as are the first and second heat-exchange compositions, preferably a fluid at room temperature because the heat-exchange compositions preferred in the practice of the invention either remain in a fluid form or transform between only two phases, the liquid phase and the solid phase of the heat-exchange composition. Gases have minimal thermal capacity and ordinarily are difficult to transform into liquids or solids at normal ambient, freezing or heating temperatures. - When the upper portion of
wall 33 inFIG. 4 is placed against a substance having a temperature cooler than that of anaqueous liquid composition 44, heat fromcomposition 44 travels outwardly throughwall 33 causing the temperature of the portion ofcomposition 44adjacent wall 33 to cool. When thecomposition 44 cools, the density of the cooled liquid increases, causing the liquid to move downwardly under gravity in a convection current in the direction of arrow A. - When the lower portion of
wall 33 inFIG. 4 is placed against a substance having a temperature warmer than that of aliquid composition 45, heat from the substance is absorbed bycomposition 45 through the lower portion ofwall 33. The warmed portion ofcomposition 45 typically carries the heat by convection upwardly in the direction indicated by arrow B. Fluid circulating in the manner indicated by arrows A and B travels adjacent thesides containers compositions containers containers upstanding sides compositions floor 46 and top 40 or 42, heat can be absorbed substantially vertically through a top 40, 42 orfloor 46 in the direction indicated by arrow C and can be absorbed substantially laterally through aside side floor 46 or top, 40, 42 if the side is at an angle in the range of sixty to one-hundred and twenty degrees, preferably in the range of seventy-five to one-hundred and five degrees, tofloor 46 or top 40, 42. InFIG. 4 , sides 41 and 43 are normal to tops 40, 42 andfloor 46. Anotherreason containers containers container 35, turbulent flow and eddy currents are believed more likely to occur, particularly if the distance between adjacent containers is one inch or less. Turbulent flow and eddy currents facilitate the intermixing of warmed fluid 44 (or 45) with cooler fluid 44 (or 45). This intermixing offluid 44 having different temperatures facilitates the efficient transfer of heat from a substance tofluid 44 and fromfluid 44 either throughcontainers composition 45 or to a third composition in spaces 37 incontainers 34. Heat can also, if desired, transfer fromcomposition 45 tofluid 44 in the event thatcomposition 45 is used to absorb heat. - Another preferred feature of
containers container device 32 as a cooling device. Ifcontainers container container - A parallelepiped that is 4 cm high, 6 cm wide, and 8 cm long has substantial dimensional parity because the ratio of height to the width of a cross-section taken through the center and normal to the longitudinal centerline of the parallelepiped 1:1.5.
- A parallelepiped which is in the shape of a panel and has a length of 8 cm, height of 4 cm, and a width of 0.5 cm does not have substantial dimensional parity because the ratio of the height to the width of a cross-section taken through the center and normal to the longitudinal centerline of the parallelepiped is 8:1 (i.e., is 4 to 0.5). This parallelepiped would, because of its narrow width, more rapidly absorb heat and dissipate the thermal absorption capacity of the composition in or comprising the parallelepiped.
- When the
side container space 37, 37A inside thecontainer container space 37, 37A inside acontainer space 37, 37A is the shape of a cube, then the space has dimensional parity. If thespace 37, 37A is the shape of a sphere, then the space has dimensional parity. If thespace 37, 37A is the shape of a parallelepiped having a length of 8 cm, a height of 4 cm, and a width of 0.5, then the space does not have substantial dimensional parity. InFIG. 5 ,containers containers containers - Another
heat transfer device 50 is illustrated inFIGS. 5 and 6 and is similar toheat transfer device 32. A particular advantage ofdevice 50 is that it only requires outer liquidimpermeable wall 51 and does not require afloor 46 becausecontainers wall 51 and extend into space. This makesdevice 50 inexpensive to manufacture. Eachcontainer tight wall 57, a top 58, and a bottom that comprises a portion ofwall 51. Theinner space 60 of each container includes a heat-exchange composition 60.Inner space 55 is circumscribed and enclosed bywall 51 and includes heat-exchange composition 56. The freezing point ofcomposition 56 can be greater than, less than, or equal to the freezing point ofcomposition 60. In one presently preferred embodiment, the freezing point ofcomposition 60 is a higher temperature than the freezing point ofcomposition 56. - The distance, indicated by arrows E, between an adjacent pair of
containers 52 can vary as desired, as can the height, indicated by arrows F, and the width, indicated by arrows G, of acontainer 52. To facilitate the transfer of heat betweencompositions containers 52 be provided. As the number ofcontainers 52 increases, the available surface area increases. By way of example, and not limitation,containers 52 presently preferably have a width G in the range of one-quarter to one inch, and a height G in the range of one-quarter to one inch. This distance E between adjacent containers is in the range of one-quarter to three-quarters of an inch. Arrows H to K inFIG. 5 illustrate possible liquid flow paths. Liquid traveling along these flow paths transports heat by convection away fromwall 51 towardcontainers -
Heat transfer device 60 inFIG. 7 includesparallelepiped wall 61 circumscribing and enclosinginner spaces tight containers wall 62. A heat-exchange fluid or solid is in eachcontainer Rectangular plate 66separates spaces Pump 69 circulates a heat-exchange liquid. The liquid flows out ofspace 62 in the direction ofarrows 68, throughpump 69, and back intospace 67 in the direction of travel indicated byarrows 70. Liquid flowing intospace 67 flows throughperforations 65 back intospace 62. -
Heat transfer device 80 inFIG. 8 includesouter wall 81.Walls tight containers wall 81, are mounted onwall 81, and extend into the inner space circumscribed bywall 81 in the same manner thatcontainers space 55 inFIGS. 5 and 6 . The inner space circumscribed bywall 81 is filled with a first heat-exchange composition. Eachcontainer 82 to 84 is filled with a second heat-exchange composition. When the first heat-exchange composition is in a fluid phase, pump 85 circulates the first heat-exchange composition. The first heat-exchange composition exits pump 85 and travels throughconduit 86 in the manner indicated by arrows M, N, O. Theupper arm 87 ofconduit 86 is perforated such that fluid exitsarm 87 under pressure in the direction indicated by arrow P. The perforations are shaped and spaced to facilitate a uniform rate of dispersal of fluid out ofarm 87 along the length ofarm 87, or along a selected portion of the length ofarm 87. The first heat-exchange composition flows around and betweencontainers re-enters pump 85, which again directs the composition intoconduit 86 under pressure. -
Walls floor 46, andcontainers - As earlier noted, fluid can be circulated in the heat transfer device of the invention by convection and by the use of a pump. Fluid can also be circulated by shaking the heat transfer device and by, when the
outer wall exchange composition - As will be appreciated by those of skill in the art, in
FIG. 4 either the top or bottom ofwall 33 can be placed against a surface to be heated or cooled. InFIG. 4 , onlycontainers 34 or onlycontainers 35 can, if desired, be utilized and mounted onfloor 46. - In one embodiment of the invention, the
containers 52 inFIG. 5 each are cylindrically shaped, are of equivalent shape and dimension, have a diameter and height of about one-half inch, are equidistant from other adjacent containers, and are spaced apart about one-half inch in a checker board array similar to that shown inFIG. 6 . - In
FIG. 4 ,containers composition 44. Ifcontainers floor 46 is a flat, continuous member extending completely acrossdevice 32, then the surface area exposed tocomposition 44 is about equal to the sum of the area of the tops 40, 42 of thecontainers floor 46 extendingintermediate containers FIG. 4 . Whencontainers composition 44 equals the sum of the area oftops floor 46 extendingintermediate containers side container 35 is in contact withcomposition 44. All of the surface area of eachcontainer 34 is in contact withcomposition 44 excepting the circular base, which is in contact withcomposition 45. The proportion of the surface area of eachcontainer composition FIGS. 4 and 5 herein utilizecontainers composition 44 and/or 45. - The use of
containers containers - Another important feature of the invention is the proportion of the surface area of floor 46 (or of the bottom area of a
wall 51 on whichcontainers FIG. 5 )intermediate containers floor 46 occupied by the base of eachcontainer intermediate containers FIG. 5 ) so heat can be transferred throughfloor 46 tofluid 45 and/or throughwalls fluid 45 or to fluid in spaces 37. U.S. Pat. No. 2,595,328 discloses a heat transfer device which has little floor space (zones 9 in Bowen) and, consequently, which permits little lateral heat transfer and little heat transfer through zones 9. The ratio of the surface area offloor 46intermediate containers containers 35, 35 (where inFIG. 4 the surface area of each base of acylindrical containers - Similarly the proportion of the surface area of
containers container container 35 herein includes the area of top 42 plus the area ofside 43. The total surface area ofcontainer 34 includes the surface area of circular top 40, the surface area ofcylindrical side 41, and the area of the circular base ofcontainer 34. If the proportion of the surface area of the side(s) of acontainer container - In one preferred embodiment of the invention,
fluid 56 has a lower freezing point than the fluid incontainers 52. For example,fluid 56 is glycol and the fluid 60 incontainers 52 is water.Device 50 is placed in a conventional residential freezer in a refrigerator.Fluid 60 freezes.Fluid 56 does not. The upper portion ofwall 51 inFIG. 5 is placed against the back of the neck of an individual. Sincefluid 56 is in a liquid state, fluid 56 and the upper portion ofpliable wall 51 readily conform to the shape of individual's neck (or shoulder, or arm, etc.).Fluid 56 absorbs heat. Convection currents H to K carry heat towardcontainers 52. The shape and dimension and spacing ofcontainers 52 cause turbulent flow and eddy current when the convection currents flow into, past, and betweencontainers 52.Frozen fluid 60 absorbs heat. Eventually a large enough quantity of heat is absorbed to causefrozen fluid 60 to undergo a phase transformation from a solid to a liquid. -
FIG. 9 illustrates anotherheat transfer device 70 constructed in accordance with the principles of the invention.Device 70 includes apan 73, amodule matrix 72, and aseal layer 71. -
Pan 73 includes bottom 78 and includes outer parallel elongate planar lips oredges edges edges pan 173A inFIG. 10C . The construction ofpan 73 is similar to that ofpan 173A. -
Module matrix 72 includes a plurality ofmodules FIG. 9 there are sixteen equalsized modules 75 in an upper left hand quadrant I, sixteen equal sized modules 76 in an upperright hand quadrant 11, sixteenmodules 74 in a lower left hand quadrant III, and sixteen modules 77 in a lower right hand quadrant IV. The shape and dimension of each module can, if desired, vary. However, inFIG. 9 eachmodule Adjacent modules 75 in the upper left hand quadrant are spaced equal distances apart, as areadjacent modules 75 to 77 in the remaining three quadrant illustrated inFIG. 9 . If desired,module matrix 72 can, and likely would, include additional modules, preferably, but not necessarily, in sub-matrix groupings of four by four (or sixteen total) modules. - One particular advantage of
module matrix 172 is that each quadrant 1, II, III, IV of sixteen modules is spaced apart from any adjacent modules such that the distance indicated by arrows D5 and D7 is greater than the distance D6 between modules in a quadrant. This facilitates folding or cuttingdevice 70 along axis X and/or Y. - Another advantage of
module matrix 172 is that eachmodule 74 to 77 has a semi-spherical, cylindrical, semi-ellipsoidal, semi-spheroidal or other arcuate bottom likemodules 77A inFIGS. 11B and 11C . Providingmodules 74 to 77 with arcuate bottoms faciliates pliably bending or deformingdevice 70 in the manner indicated byarrows FIG. 10D forheat transfer device 170. The arcuate bottoms of eachmodule 74 to 77 also facilitate the flow of fluid around the bottoms. - The peripheral edges of
seal layer 71 are fixedly sealingly connected tolips FIG. 9 ) that fillspan 73 and surroundsmodules module Layer 71 is sealingly affixed toedges layer 71A is affixed toedges FIG. 10D . - While distance D5 can vary as desired, D5 is presently preferably in the range of 16 mm to 24 mm. The distance D6, D2, D8 between a pair of
adjacent modules 74 in a quadrant can vary but is presently preferably eight millimeters to twelve millimeters. The diameter or width W1 (FIG. 11C ) of a module can vary but is presently preferably in the range of 20 mm to 40 mm. The depth D1 (FIG. 11C ) of a module is preferably equal to or about equal to the width of the module. The bottom 77C (FIG. 10D ) of a module can contact or need not contact the bottom 78, 78A of apan - A procedure for fabricating a heat transfer device similar to that depicted in
FIG. 9 is illustratedFIGS. 10A to 10D and 11A to 11C. - In
FIG. 10A , a deformablepliable sheet 73A of a polymer or some other material is provided along with amold 91.Mold 91 includesapertures 92. Apparatus (not shown) draws air out from the inside ofmold 91 throughapertures 92 in the direction indicated by arrow L to drawsheet 73A into the mold and to contoursheet 73A to theinner surface 91A of the mold. Afollower 90 is also provided to assistsheet 73A in contouring to surface 91A. After suction is applied to draw air in the direction of arrow L andfollower 90 is simultaneously moved downwardly in the direction of arrow T,sheet 73A contours toinner surface 91A in the manner illustrated in 10B and apan 173A is formed. - In
FIG. 10B ,pan 173A includes bottom 78A, includes elongate, parallel spaced apart insetedges outer edges - In
FIG. 10C ,follower 90 has been removed andnozzle 93 is utilized to inject fluid intopan 173A to form areservoir 94. - The
module matrix 172A produced using the steps illustrated inFIGS. 11A to 11C is inserted inpan 173A inFIG. 10D . - In
FIG. 11A , a deformablepliable sheet 72A of a polymer or some other material is provided along with amold 96.Mold 96 includesopenings 97. Eachopening 97 includes an upright cylindrical wall and a semi-spherical bottom. Apparatus (not shown) draws air out from the inside ofmold 96 throughapertures 97 in the direction indicated by arrow U to drawsheet 72A into the mold and to contoursheet 72A to theinner surfaces 96A of the mold. Afollower 95 is also provided to assistsheet 72A in contouring tocupped surfaces 96A. After suction is applied to draw air in the direction of arrow U andfollower 95 is simultaneously moved downwardly in the direction of arrow V,sheet 72A is contoured toinner surfaces 96A in the manner illustrated in 11B and amodule matrix 172A is formed. - In
FIG. 11B ,module matrix 172A includesmodules 77A. - In
FIG. 11C ,follower 95 has been removed andnozzles 99 are utilized to inject fluid intomodules 77A to form areservoir 98 in eachmodule 77A. The fluid chargedmodule matrix 172A is inserted in thepan 173A ofFIG. 10 to produce themodule matrix 172A—pan 173A combination illustrated inFIG. 10D . After themodule matrix 172A is inserted inpan 173A in the manner illustrated inFIG. 10D , alayer 71A is applied to seal thefluid reservoirs Layer 71A is continuously sealed toouter edges - If desired,
module matrix 172A can be inserted in thepan 173A ofFIG. 10C before eachmodule 77A is charged with fluid to formreservoirs 98. Or, a auxiliary layer similar tolayer 71A can be applied tomodule matrix 172A beforematrix 172A is inserted inpan 173A. This auxiliary layer would sealfluid reservoirs 98 in thematrix 172A. After this sealedmatrix 172A is inserted inpan 173A, then layer 71A is applied to sealmatrix 172A andreservoir 94 inpan 173A. - As earlier discussed, the fluid in
reservoirs 98 normally preferably has a different freezing tempering than the fluid inreservoir 94. - In
FIG. 9 , the fluid inpan 73 and the fluid in eachmodule 74 to 77 has been omitted for the sake of clarity. The structure of theheat transfer device 70 ofFIG. 9 is generally equivalent to the structure of the heat transfer device illustrated inFIG. 10D except, of course, that the heat transfer device inFIG. 10D includes fewer modules than theheat transfer device 70. -
FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate anotherheat transfer device 170 constructed in accordance with the invention.Device 170 is generally equivalent in structure to heattransfer device 70 and to the heat transfer device ofFIG. 10D except thatmodules 75B in themodule matrix 72B are interconnected bysemi-cylindrical channels Device 170 includes sealinglayer 71B and pan 73B withbottom 78B. The bottom of eachmodule 75B contacts bottom 78B as illustrated inFIG. 13 . It is not, however, necessary that the bottom of eachmodule 75 B contact bottom 78B. Eachmodule 75B is charged with a liquid (not shown), and pan 73B is charged with a liquid (not shown). The liquid inmodules 75B has a different freezing temperature than the liquid inpan 73B. Whendevice 170 is utilized, the liquid inmodules 75B near theperipheral edge 170P ofdevice 170 tends to melt first. Sincechannels modules 75B,channels device 170. As would be appreciated by those of skill in the art, inFIG. 11A ,mold 96 can be shaped and dimensioned to produce amodule matrix 172A that would includechannels - Having described my invention in such terms as to enable those of skill in the art to make and practice it, and having described the presently preferred embodiments thereof,
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/463,055 US7055575B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-06-17 | Thermally active convection apparatus |
TW092127921A TWI307402B (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-08 | Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional-parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
AT03394097T ATE396373T1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-14 | COOLING METHOD AND DEVICE WITH HEAT EXCHANGE ELEMENTS CONTAINING PHASE CONVERSION MATERIAL |
DE60321107T DE60321107D1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-14 | Cooling method and apparatus with heat exchange elements containing phase change material |
MXPA03009397A MXPA03009397A (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-14 | Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional--parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition. |
EP03394097A EP1411313B1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-14 | Cooling method and apparatus with heat transfer elements comprising phase change material |
BRPI0304608-7B1A BR0304608B1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-16 | THERMAL ACTIVE CONVECTION METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACING HEAT WITH CIRCULATION BETWEEN THREE-PARITY HEAT TRANSFER ELEMENTS IN COMPOSITION OF BIPHASIC HEAT EXCHANGE |
AU2003255053A AU2003255053B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-17 | Abstracting heat from a substance |
US11/209,354 US7240720B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2005-08-23 | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
US11/809,205 US20080047684A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2007-05-31 | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
US12/215,225 US20080275534A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2008-06-26 | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
US12/284,859 US8277497B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2008-09-25 | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat from individual's wrist |
US12/284,860 US20090076575A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2008-09-25 | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat from hemorrhoids |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/274,161 US6904956B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2002-10-18 | Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional-parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
US10/463,055 US7055575B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-06-17 | Thermally active convection apparatus |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/274,161 Continuation-In-Part US6904956B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-10-18 | Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional-parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
US10/274,161 Continuation US6904956B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-10-18 | Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional-parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/751,061 Continuation-In-Part US20050145372A1 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2004-01-02 | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
US10/751,061 Continuation US20050145372A1 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2004-01-02 | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20040256087A1 US20040256087A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
US20060032614A9 true US20060032614A9 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
US7055575B2 US7055575B2 (en) | 2006-06-06 |
Family
ID=32044993
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/463,055 Expired - Lifetime US7055575B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2003-06-17 | Thermally active convection apparatus |
US11/809,205 Abandoned US20080047684A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2007-05-31 | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/809,205 Abandoned US20080047684A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2007-05-31 | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7055575B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1411313B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE396373T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003255053B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0304608B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60321107D1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA03009397A (en) |
TW (1) | TWI307402B (en) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE527546C2 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-04-04 | Hans Bruce | Method and apparatus for securing temperature control in the interior of a transport container or the like |
EP1688108A3 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-12-13 | Konrad Gadient | Cooling and heating pack for medical purposes |
NL1029083C2 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-21 | Breedveldt Beheer B V M | Device for cooling objects, in particular a cooling jacket for beverage containers. |
US7878994B2 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2011-02-01 | Joseph Michael Swope | Cast for immobilizing and heating or cooling a body part |
DE202007013140U1 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-02-19 | Rehau Ag + Co | Latent heat storage medium |
US8776868B2 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2014-07-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermal ground plane for cooling a computer |
US20110108020A1 (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2011-05-12 | Mcenerney Bryan William | Ballast member for reducing active volume of a vessel |
US9622907B2 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2017-04-18 | Medivance Incorporated | Cooling medical pad |
WO2012034129A1 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-15 | Medivance Incorporated | Cooling medical pad |
EP2807433B1 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2021-05-19 | The Sure Chill Company Limited | Refrigeration apparatus |
CN103245105B (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2016-06-15 | 北京清华阳光能源开发有限责任公司 | Glass heat pipe with solid-liquid working medium bag and manufacture method thereof |
USD685916S1 (en) | 2012-11-26 | 2013-07-09 | Medivance Incorporated | Medical cooling pad |
GB201301494D0 (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2013-03-13 | True Energy Ltd | Refrigeration apparatus |
WO2015011477A1 (en) | 2013-07-23 | 2015-01-29 | The Sure Chill Company Limited | Refrigeration apparatus and method |
EP2842528A1 (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-04 | Ampac Enterprises Inc. | Apparatus and method for cooling head injury |
WO2015064240A1 (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | ポリマテック・ジャパン株式会社 | Liquid-filled heat dissipation member |
US20150211805A1 (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2015-07-30 | Kunshan Jue-Chung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Thermostat module |
EP3250163B1 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2023-07-12 | Medivance Incorporated | Medical pad for thermotherapy |
WO2017044934A1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | The Sure Chill Company Limited | Portable refrigeration apparatus |
US10377407B2 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2019-08-13 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Cooling systems for vehicle interior surfaces |
CN106839555B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2023-03-03 | 安派智厨(浙江)有限公司 | Roller of snowflake machine |
GB2567690B (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Robert Ingam Philip | Cooling elements and cooling assemblies comprising same |
CN112292275A (en) * | 2018-04-05 | 2021-01-29 | 森德集团国际股份公司 | Exchanger element for a vehicle and vehicle equipped with such an exchanger element |
US11181323B2 (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2021-11-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Heat-dissipating device with interfacial enhancements |
Citations (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2595328A (en) * | 1949-04-29 | 1952-05-06 | Goodrich Co B F | Heat-transfer container |
US3683152A (en) * | 1969-02-03 | 1972-08-08 | Nikolaus Laing | Means for preventing the formation of ice, particularly on roads |
US4335781A (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1982-06-22 | Motorola Inc. | High power cooler and method thereof |
US4355627A (en) * | 1978-06-06 | 1982-10-26 | Scarlata Robert W | Thermal storage system |
US4361182A (en) * | 1979-10-18 | 1982-11-30 | L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh | Heat-transferring elements for regenerative heat exchange |
US4561493A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1985-12-31 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Heat-storing apparatus |
US4753241A (en) * | 1984-06-01 | 1988-06-28 | Fastencold, Inc. | Method of forming and using a therapeutic device |
US4976308A (en) * | 1990-02-21 | 1990-12-11 | Wright State University | Thermal energy storage heat exchanger |
US5000252A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-03-19 | Wright State University | Thermal energy storage system |
US5036904A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1991-08-06 | Chiyoda Corporation | Latent heat storage tank |
US5069208A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1991-12-03 | Term-Ac S.A. | Therapeutic device comprising a mass of a thermally active material |
US5163504A (en) * | 1988-07-08 | 1992-11-17 | Resnick Joseph A | Container heating or cooling device and building material |
US5650090A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1997-07-22 | Phase Change Laboratories, Inc. | Compositions for thermal energy storage or thermal energy generation |
US5840080A (en) * | 1996-08-15 | 1998-11-24 | Der Ovanesian; Mary | Hot or cold applicator with inner element |
US6230788B1 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 2001-05-15 | Dso National Laboratories | Heat sink |
US6439298B1 (en) * | 2001-04-17 | 2002-08-27 | Jia Hao Li | Cylindrical heat radiator |
US6904956B2 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2005-06-14 | Thomas P. Noel | Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional-parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2602302A (en) * | 1947-06-13 | 1952-07-08 | Noel J Poux | Combination ice and hot pack |
US3506013A (en) * | 1966-10-14 | 1970-04-14 | Betty J Zdenek | Method of making iced dressing |
JPS5341358A (en) | 1976-09-28 | 1978-04-14 | Ibiden Co Ltd | Apparatus for preparation of inorganic fibreboards |
JPS5610697A (en) * | 1979-07-07 | 1981-02-03 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Composite heat accumulator |
JPS57490A (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1982-01-05 | Kanai Hiroyuki | Double structure heat pipe |
JPS57188990A (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-20 | Toshiba Corp | Heat accumulating body |
JPS6438593A (en) | 1987-07-31 | 1989-02-08 | Toshiba Corp | Thermal accumulation device |
JPH02287096A (en) | 1989-04-27 | 1990-11-27 | Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd | Thermal accumulation sheet and its manufacture |
JPH0696343A (en) * | 1992-09-14 | 1994-04-08 | Sanden Corp | Heat accumulator unit |
DE4415946C2 (en) * | 1994-05-05 | 1999-07-22 | Thomas Dr Lange | Flexible cool pack |
US6083256A (en) * | 1996-08-15 | 2000-07-04 | Der Ovanesian; Mary | NNT or cold pad with inner element |
SE9900711L (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-02-08 | Flexi Ice Ab | Thermal cover |
US6497116B2 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2002-12-24 | Thomas P. Noel | Apparatus for abstracting heat with a solid--liquid matrix utilizing a kinetic--circulation--kinetic heat transfer cycle |
-
2003
- 2003-06-17 US US10/463,055 patent/US7055575B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-08 TW TW092127921A patent/TWI307402B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-14 EP EP03394097A patent/EP1411313B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-14 DE DE60321107T patent/DE60321107D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-14 MX MXPA03009397A patent/MXPA03009397A/en unknown
- 2003-10-14 AT AT03394097T patent/ATE396373T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-16 BR BRPI0304608-7B1A patent/BR0304608B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-17 AU AU2003255053A patent/AU2003255053B2/en not_active Ceased
-
2007
- 2007-05-31 US US11/809,205 patent/US20080047684A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2595328A (en) * | 1949-04-29 | 1952-05-06 | Goodrich Co B F | Heat-transfer container |
US3683152A (en) * | 1969-02-03 | 1972-08-08 | Nikolaus Laing | Means for preventing the formation of ice, particularly on roads |
US4355627A (en) * | 1978-06-06 | 1982-10-26 | Scarlata Robert W | Thermal storage system |
US4335781A (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1982-06-22 | Motorola Inc. | High power cooler and method thereof |
US4361182A (en) * | 1979-10-18 | 1982-11-30 | L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh | Heat-transferring elements for regenerative heat exchange |
US4561493A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1985-12-31 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Heat-storing apparatus |
US4753241A (en) * | 1984-06-01 | 1988-06-28 | Fastencold, Inc. | Method of forming and using a therapeutic device |
US5069208A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1991-12-03 | Term-Ac S.A. | Therapeutic device comprising a mass of a thermally active material |
US5163504A (en) * | 1988-07-08 | 1992-11-17 | Resnick Joseph A | Container heating or cooling device and building material |
US5036904A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1991-08-06 | Chiyoda Corporation | Latent heat storage tank |
US4976308A (en) * | 1990-02-21 | 1990-12-11 | Wright State University | Thermal energy storage heat exchanger |
US5000252A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-03-19 | Wright State University | Thermal energy storage system |
US5650090A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1997-07-22 | Phase Change Laboratories, Inc. | Compositions for thermal energy storage or thermal energy generation |
US5840080A (en) * | 1996-08-15 | 1998-11-24 | Der Ovanesian; Mary | Hot or cold applicator with inner element |
US6074415A (en) * | 1996-08-15 | 2000-06-13 | Der Ovanesian; Mary | Hot or cold applicator with inner element |
US6230788B1 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 2001-05-15 | Dso National Laboratories | Heat sink |
US6439298B1 (en) * | 2001-04-17 | 2002-08-27 | Jia Hao Li | Cylindrical heat radiator |
US6904956B2 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2005-06-14 | Thomas P. Noel | Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional-parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7055575B2 (en) | 2006-06-06 |
MXPA03009397A (en) | 2005-04-11 |
BR0304608B1 (en) | 2014-01-07 |
EP1411313A1 (en) | 2004-04-21 |
TW200419129A (en) | 2004-10-01 |
AU2003255053A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
EP1411313B1 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
ATE396373T1 (en) | 2008-06-15 |
AU2003255053B2 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
US20080047684A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
US20040256087A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
TWI307402B (en) | 2009-03-11 |
DE60321107D1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
BR0304608A (en) | 2005-03-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7240720B2 (en) | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition | |
CA2444837C (en) | Method and thermally active convection apparatus and method for abstracting heat with circulation intermediate three dimensional-parity heat transfer elements in bi-phase heat exchanging composition | |
US20080047684A1 (en) | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition | |
US2595328A (en) | Heat-transfer container | |
US4827735A (en) | Off peak storage device | |
US20080275534A1 (en) | Method and thermally active multi-phase heat transfer apparatus and method for abstracting heat using liquid bi-phase heat exchanging composition | |
US4213309A (en) | Recreational vehicle multi-level cooler | |
US6497116B2 (en) | Apparatus for abstracting heat with a solid--liquid matrix utilizing a kinetic--circulation--kinetic heat transfer cycle | |
US3248897A (en) | Air conditioning device | |
JP3210986B2 (en) | Heat storage cool pack and heat storage cool pack | |
TWM373122U (en) | Rapid freezing device for food | |
JP3574643B2 (en) | Cooler for wine etc. | |
JPH04332557A (en) | Platelet transporting system | |
KR102101036B1 (en) | Backpack-type cooling device | |
CN218344266U (en) | Medicine foam case | |
CN220229662U (en) | Ultrathin phase-change ice bank | |
CA3140198C (en) | Heat pipe cooled pallet shipper | |
JPH01109770U (en) | ||
JPH0257876A (en) | Ice making vessel and ice making freezing chamber | |
JP3142839U (en) | Cooler that cools the front and rear heads simultaneously | |
KR20040032540A (en) | Apparatus for abstracting heat with a solid--liquid matrix utilizing a kinetic--circulation--kinetic heat transfer cycle | |
JP3364589B2 (en) | Manifold, refrigerator and cooling device with built-in thermoelectric module | |
JPS61168685A (en) | Cooling pack | |
CZ9904004A3 (en) | Heat storage body utilizing latent heat and process for producing thereof | |
JPS6416559A (en) | Device for preparing ice cream |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MODULAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC., RHODE ISLAND Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NOEL, THOMAS P.;REEL/FRAME:015810/0413 Effective date: 20040606 |
|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
SULP | Surcharge for late payment | ||
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
SULP | Surcharge for late payment |
Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MODULAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC, RHODE ISLAND Free format text: CONFIRMATORY ASSIGNMENT;ASSIGNOR:MODULAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:034500/0789 Effective date: 20140911 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.) |
|
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED FOR FAILURE TO PAY MAINTENANCE FEES (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: EXP.) |
|
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20180606 |
|
PRDP | Patent reinstated due to the acceptance of a late maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20190320 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PETITION RELATED TO MAINTENANCE FEES FILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: PMFP); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY Free format text: PETITION RELATED TO MAINTENANCE FEES GRANTED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: PMFG); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY Free format text: SURCHARGE, PETITION TO ACCEPT PYMT AFTER EXP, UNINTENTIONAL. (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M2558); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 12TH YR, SMALL ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M2553); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: TRUIST BANK, GEORGIA Free format text: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:MODULAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC D/B/A LIFEWEAR TECHNOLOGIES, LLC;REEL/FRAME:056020/0677 Effective date: 20210416 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SEACOAST BUSINESS FUNDING, A DIVISION OF SEACOAST NATIONAL BANK, FLORIDA Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MODULAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC;REEL/FRAME:058948/0068 Effective date: 20211120 |