US20060051565A1 - Magnesium material and use of the same - Google Patents

Magnesium material and use of the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060051565A1
US20060051565A1 US10/533,487 US53348705A US2006051565A1 US 20060051565 A1 US20060051565 A1 US 20060051565A1 US 53348705 A US53348705 A US 53348705A US 2006051565 A1 US2006051565 A1 US 2006051565A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
thin layer
set forth
layer
long
strength
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/533,487
Inventor
Bernd Eigenmann
Karl Rudolf
Manfred Schildknecht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
Assigned to DIEHL BGT DEFENCE GMBH & CO. KG reassignment DIEHL BGT DEFENCE GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHIDKNECHT, MANFRED, EIGENMANN, BERND, RUDOLF, KARL
Publication of US20060051565A1 publication Critical patent/US20060051565A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/04—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by coating, e.g. with a protective or activated covering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnesium material (hereinafter referred to as Mg material), as set forth in the classifying portion of claim 1 , and uses thereof.
  • Mg material a magnesium material
  • the object of the invention is to provide an Mg material of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification, whose strength transversely with respect to the fiber direction is considerably improved, wherein alloying elements of the matrix which form relatively coarse chemical reaction products at the fibers are avoided.
  • the C long fibers are provided with a thin layer which performs the following functions:
  • the layer material is desirably formed by carbide-forming agents.
  • carbide-forming agents can involve for example Al, Cr, Ti, Ta, Nb, Hf, Zr or alloys for example on an Ni basis, which contain carbide-forming agents.
  • the thin layer of the C long fibers can be produced by PVD processes (physical vapor deposition) or by CVD processes (chemical vapor deposition).
  • the PVD process preferably involves sputtering.
  • the CVD process can involve a galvanic, wet-chemical or currentlessly electrochemical process.
  • the thin layer of the C long fibers can be of a thickness in the region of between some nm and some ⁇ m.
  • the Mg material according to the invention has the advantage of a sufficient level of transverse strength while known C fiber-reinforced Mg materials are in practice not used because their strength transversely with respect to the fiber direction is too low.
  • the Mg material according to the invention comprising a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement can be used to produce pistons of internal combustion engines.
  • Conventional pistons of internal combustion engines usually comprise steel or an Al alloy.
  • a desired reduction in weight in comparison with pistons of steel or Al alloys can be achieved by the use of Mg alloys. Hitherto however they have not enjoyed sufficient strength, rigidity and creep resistance.
  • a slight increase in strength can be achieved if such Mg alloys are reinforced with short fibers or with suitable particles. That slight increase in strength however is still not sufficient.
  • the Mg material according to the invention comprising a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement, wherein the C long fibers are provided with a thin layer of the above-indicated kind.
  • the interface strength as between the C long fibers and the matrix is optimised.
  • the rigidity levels are even higher than the high-strength Al alloys.
  • Force-application regions such as for example the bearing bosses for gudgeon pins, grooves for piston rings and possibly piston crowns or combustion chambers can be in the form of inserts which in turn can be made from higher-strength metal alloys or from composite materials and which, with the component consisting of the Mg material according to the invention, form a composite assembly joined in positively locking relationship and/or joined by the materials involved.
  • the Mg material according to the invention comprising a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement, wherein the C long fibers are provided with a thin layer, as has been described hereinbefore, can also be used in accordance with the invention for the production of connecting rods of internal combustion engines.
  • the connecting rods used in internal combustion engines at the present time usually comprise steel or a Ti alloy. Tests have also already been conducted with GRP and CRP connecting rods. A reduction in weight in comparison with connecting rods of steel or Ti alloys can be achieved by the use of Mg alloys. However they do not offer adequate strength and rigidity. A slight increase in strength is possible if such Mg alloys are reinforced with short fibers or with particles. However such an increase in strength is still not sufficient.
  • Adequate strength and rigidity are first afforded by the use of the Mg material according to the invention comprising a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement with a thin layer, as has been described hereinbefore, by which the interface strength between the matrix and the C long fibers is optimised.
  • the Mg material according to the invention affords levels of strength which are comparable to those of high-strength Al alloys.
  • the levels of rigidity are even higher than those of Ti alloys.
  • Force-application regions such as the bearing eyes for the gudgeon pins and for the crank pins can be in the form of inserts which in turn can be made from higher-strength metal alloys or from composite materials. Those inserts can form with the component of the Mg material according to the invention a composite assembly joined in positively locking relationship and/or by the materials involved.
  • the Mg material according to the invention can also be used for the production of propulsion bases for sub-caliber projectiles and shells.
  • Known propulsion bases usually comprise high-strength Al alloys. A reduction in weight can be achieved with such propulsion bases by the use of Mg alloys.
  • the known Mg alloys however are not of sufficient mechanical strength. Only slight increases in strength are possible with known Mg alloys, by means of short-fiber or particle reinforcements. It is here that the Mg material according to the invention provides a remedy so that, by virtue of a suitable configuration and fiber arrangement of the Mg material according to the invention, it is possible to achieve a saving in weight of between about 20 and 30%.
  • the Mg composite material according to the invention with C long-fiber reinforcement with the thin coating is of levels of strength which are comparable to those of high-strength Al alloys, in critical regions and directions.
  • the levels of rigidity are even higher than the high-strength Al alloys.
  • Force-application regions such as for example a screwthread in relation to the penetrator can be in the form of inserts which in turn can be produced from higher-strength metal alloys or from composite materials and which can be connected to the component, that is to say the propulsion base, comprising the Mg material according to the invention, in positively locking relationship and/or by way of the materials involved.

Abstract

An Mg material consisting of a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement, wherein to improve the strength of the material transversely with respect to the fiber direction the C long fibers are provided with a thin layer, wherein at least one element of the layer material of the thin layer forms a homogeneous chemical reaction layer with the respective C long fiber and wherein the thin layer forms a diffusion barrier so that the local formation of relatively coarse reaction products of alloying elements from the matrix with the C long fibers, which act as crack initiators, is prevented. Uses of the Mg material according to the invention are also described.

Description

  • The invention relates to a magnesium material (hereinafter referred to as Mg material), as set forth in the classifying portion of claim 1, and uses thereof.
  • In order to make Mg materials with a C long-fiber reinforcement suitable for technical uses, it is necessary for the strength thereof transversely with respect to the fiber direction to be considerably improved. For that purpose, the material must involve improved bonding of the carbon fibers (C fibers) to the matrix. In addition, it is necessary to prevent alloying elements of the matrix forming at the fibers locally relatively coarse chemical reaction products because such reaction products act as crack initiators and reduce the level of mechanical strength.
  • Therefore the object of the invention is to provide an Mg material of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification, whose strength transversely with respect to the fiber direction is considerably improved, wherein alloying elements of the matrix which form relatively coarse chemical reaction products at the fibers are avoided.
  • In accordance with the invention that object is attained by the features of claim 1. Preferred configurations of the Mg material according to the invention are characterised in claims 2 through 8.
  • Uses according to the invention of the Mg material according to the invention are claimed in claims 9 through 11.
  • In accordance with the invention the C long fibers are provided with a thin layer which performs the following functions:
      • at least one element of the layer material forms with the respective C long fiber a thin, sufficiently homogeneous chemical reaction layer;
      • the thin layer acts as a diffusion barrier in such a way that the local formation of relatively coarse chemical reaction products of alloying elements of the matrix at the C long fibers is prevented; and
      • at least one element of the material of the thin layer forms an intermetallic or intermediate compound or mixed crystal zone with the matrix.
  • In the Mg material according to the invention the layer material is desirably formed by carbide-forming agents. This can involve for example Al, Cr, Ti, Ta, Nb, Hf, Zr or alloys for example on an Ni basis, which contain carbide-forming agents.
  • The thin layer of the C long fibers can be produced by PVD processes (physical vapor deposition) or by CVD processes (chemical vapor deposition). The PVD process preferably involves sputtering. The CVD process can involve a galvanic, wet-chemical or currentlessly electrochemical process.
  • The thin layer of the C long fibers can be of a thickness in the region of between some nm and some μm.
  • The Mg material according to the invention has the advantage of a sufficient level of transverse strength while known C fiber-reinforced Mg materials are in practice not used because their strength transversely with respect to the fiber direction is too low.
  • In accordance with the invention the Mg material according to the invention comprising a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement can be used to produce pistons of internal combustion engines. Conventional pistons of internal combustion engines usually comprise steel or an Al alloy. A desired reduction in weight in comparison with pistons of steel or Al alloys can be achieved by the use of Mg alloys. Hitherto however they have not enjoyed sufficient strength, rigidity and creep resistance. As is known a slight increase in strength can be achieved if such Mg alloys are reinforced with short fibers or with suitable particles. That slight increase in strength however is still not sufficient. Adequate strength, rigidity and creep resistance is only achieved with the Mg material according to the invention comprising a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement, wherein the C long fibers are provided with a thin layer of the above-indicated kind. In the case of the Mg material according to the invention the interface strength as between the C long fibers and the matrix is optimised. By virtue of a suitable configuration and fiber arrangement, when using the Mg material according to the invention in pistons of internal combustion engines, it is possible to achieve a saving in weight of up to 30%. The composite material according to the invention consisting of the matrix and the C long-fiber reinforcement has levels of strength which are comparable to those of high-strength Al alloys, in the critical regions and directions of an internal combustion engine piston. The rigidity levels are even higher than the high-strength Al alloys. Force-application regions such as for example the bearing bosses for gudgeon pins, grooves for piston rings and possibly piston crowns or combustion chambers can be in the form of inserts which in turn can be made from higher-strength metal alloys or from composite materials and which, with the component consisting of the Mg material according to the invention, form a composite assembly joined in positively locking relationship and/or joined by the materials involved.
  • The Mg material according to the invention comprising a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement, wherein the C long fibers are provided with a thin layer, as has been described hereinbefore, can also be used in accordance with the invention for the production of connecting rods of internal combustion engines. The connecting rods used in internal combustion engines at the present time usually comprise steel or a Ti alloy. Tests have also already been conducted with GRP and CRP connecting rods. A reduction in weight in comparison with connecting rods of steel or Ti alloys can be achieved by the use of Mg alloys. However they do not offer adequate strength and rigidity. A slight increase in strength is possible if such Mg alloys are reinforced with short fibers or with particles. However such an increase in strength is still not sufficient. Adequate strength and rigidity are first afforded by the use of the Mg material according to the invention comprising a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement with a thin layer, as has been described hereinbefore, by which the interface strength between the matrix and the C long fibers is optimised. By virtue of a suitable configuration and fiber arrangement, it is possible to achieve a saving in weight of up to 70% with the Mg material according to the invention, in respect of connecting rods. In the critical regions and directions of connecting rods, the Mg material according to the invention affords levels of strength which are comparable to those of high-strength Al alloys. The levels of rigidity are even higher than those of Ti alloys. Force-application regions such as the bearing eyes for the gudgeon pins and for the crank pins can be in the form of inserts which in turn can be made from higher-strength metal alloys or from composite materials. Those inserts can form with the component of the Mg material according to the invention a composite assembly joined in positively locking relationship and/or by the materials involved.
  • In accordance with the invention the Mg material according to the invention can also be used for the production of propulsion bases for sub-caliber projectiles and shells. Known propulsion bases usually comprise high-strength Al alloys. A reduction in weight can be achieved with such propulsion bases by the use of Mg alloys. The known Mg alloys however are not of sufficient mechanical strength. Only slight increases in strength are possible with known Mg alloys, by means of short-fiber or particle reinforcements. It is here that the Mg material according to the invention provides a remedy so that, by virtue of a suitable configuration and fiber arrangement of the Mg material according to the invention, it is possible to achieve a saving in weight of between about 20 and 30%. The Mg composite material according to the invention with C long-fiber reinforcement with the thin coating, as has been described hereinbefore, is of levels of strength which are comparable to those of high-strength Al alloys, in critical regions and directions. The levels of rigidity are even higher than the high-strength Al alloys. Force-application regions such as for example a screwthread in relation to the penetrator can be in the form of inserts which in turn can be produced from higher-strength metal alloys or from composite materials and which can be connected to the component, that is to say the propulsion base, comprising the Mg material according to the invention, in positively locking relationship and/or by way of the materials involved.

Claims (11)

1. An Mg material comprising a matrix with a C long-fiber reinforcement characterised in that the C long fibers are provided with a thin layer, wherein at least one element of the layer material forms a homogeneous chemical reaction layer with the respective C long fiber, and the thin layer forms a diffusion barrier so that the local formation of relatively coarse reaction products of alloying elements from the matrix with the C long fibers is prevented.
2. An Mg material as set forth in claim 1 characterised in that the layer material of the thin layer is formed by carbide-forming agents.
3. An Mg material as set forth in claim 2 characterised in that the layer material of the thin layer is formed by Al, Cr, Ti, Ta, Nb, Hf and Zr.
4. An Mg material as set forth in claim 2 characterised in that the layer material of the thin layer is formed by alloys on an Ni basis, which contain carbide-forming agents.
5. An Mg material as set forth in one of claims 1 through 4 characterised in that the thin layer is produced by a PVD or CVD process.
6. An Mg material as set forth in claim 5 characterised in that the thin layer is applied to the C long fibers by sputtering.
7. An Mg material as set forth in claim 5 characterised in that the thin layer is applied to the C long fibers galvanically, wet-chemically or by a currentlessly electrochemical process.
8. An Mg material as set forth in one of claims 1 through 7 characterised in that the thin layer is of a thickness in the range of between some nm and some μm.
9. Use of an Mg material as set forth in one of claims 1 through 8 for the production of pistons of internal combustion engines.
10. Use of an Mg material as set forth in one of claims 1 through 8 for the production of connecting rods of internal combustion engines.
11. Use of an Mg material as set forth in one of claims 1 through 8 for the production of propulsion bases for sub-caliber projectiles.
US10/533,487 2002-11-02 2003-10-31 Magnesium material and use of the same Abandoned US20060051565A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10251119.5 2002-11-02
DE2002151119 DE10251119A1 (en) 2002-11-02 2002-11-02 Magnesium material, used in production of I.C. engine pistons or connecting rods, comprises matrix with carbon longitudinal fiber reinforcement with thin layer
PCT/EP2003/012174 WO2004042103A1 (en) 2002-11-02 2003-10-31 Magnesium material and use of the same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060051565A1 true US20060051565A1 (en) 2006-03-09

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US10/533,487 Abandoned US20060051565A1 (en) 2002-11-02 2003-10-31 Magnesium material and use of the same

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US20060051565A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1563111A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003278169A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10251119A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004042103A1 (en)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4056874A (en) * 1976-05-13 1977-11-08 Celanese Corporation Process for the production of carbon fiber reinforced magnesium composite articles
US4223075A (en) * 1977-01-21 1980-09-16 The Aerospace Corporation Graphite fiber, metal matrix composite
US4731298A (en) * 1984-09-14 1988-03-15 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Carbon fiber-reinforced light metal composites
US4732779A (en) * 1985-05-21 1988-03-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Fibrous material for composite materials, fiber-reinforced metal produced therefrom, and process for producing same
US4778722A (en) * 1986-05-15 1988-10-18 Ube Industries, Ltd. Reinforcing fibers and composite materials reinforced with said fibers
US4961990A (en) * 1986-06-17 1990-10-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Fibrous material for composite materials, fiber-reinforced composite materials produced therefrom, and process for producing same
US5277973A (en) * 1988-08-12 1994-01-11 Ube Industries, Ltd. Carbon fibers having high strength and high modulus of elasticity and polymer composition for their production
US5549976A (en) * 1992-09-10 1996-08-27 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Reinforced composite material including a magnesium alloy matrix and grahite or carbon fibers
US6245439B1 (en) * 1994-08-09 2001-06-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoyta Chuo Kenkyusho composite material and method for the manufacture
US20040241447A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-12-02 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Composite material having high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, and heat-dissipating substrate, and their production methods

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2081237A1 (en) * 1970-03-20 1971-12-03 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Fibre impregnated composites - by forming a eutectic alloy in situ over the fibres
DE19751929A1 (en) * 1997-11-22 1999-05-27 Ks Aluminium Technologie Ag Method for producing a casting

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4056874A (en) * 1976-05-13 1977-11-08 Celanese Corporation Process for the production of carbon fiber reinforced magnesium composite articles
US4223075A (en) * 1977-01-21 1980-09-16 The Aerospace Corporation Graphite fiber, metal matrix composite
US4731298A (en) * 1984-09-14 1988-03-15 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Carbon fiber-reinforced light metal composites
US4732779A (en) * 1985-05-21 1988-03-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Fibrous material for composite materials, fiber-reinforced metal produced therefrom, and process for producing same
US4778722A (en) * 1986-05-15 1988-10-18 Ube Industries, Ltd. Reinforcing fibers and composite materials reinforced with said fibers
US4961990A (en) * 1986-06-17 1990-10-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Fibrous material for composite materials, fiber-reinforced composite materials produced therefrom, and process for producing same
US5277973A (en) * 1988-08-12 1994-01-11 Ube Industries, Ltd. Carbon fibers having high strength and high modulus of elasticity and polymer composition for their production
US5549976A (en) * 1992-09-10 1996-08-27 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Reinforced composite material including a magnesium alloy matrix and grahite or carbon fibers
US5705229A (en) * 1992-09-10 1998-01-06 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Process for producing composite material combining a magnesium alloy containing zirconium with a carbon reinforcement
US6245439B1 (en) * 1994-08-09 2001-06-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoyta Chuo Kenkyusho composite material and method for the manufacture
US20040241447A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-12-02 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Composite material having high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, and heat-dissipating substrate, and their production methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003278169A1 (en) 2004-06-07
WO2004042103A1 (en) 2004-05-21
DE10251119A1 (en) 2004-05-19
EP1563111A1 (en) 2005-08-17

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AS Assignment

Owner name: DIEHL BGT DEFENCE GMBH & CO. KG, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:EIGENMANN, BERND;RUDOLF, KARL;SCHIDKNECHT, MANFRED;REEL/FRAME:017267/0044;SIGNING DATES FROM 20050425 TO 20050428

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION