US20060289001A1 - Solar stove - Google Patents
Solar stove Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060289001A1 US20060289001A1 US11/165,049 US16504905A US2006289001A1 US 20060289001 A1 US20060289001 A1 US 20060289001A1 US 16504905 A US16504905 A US 16504905A US 2006289001 A1 US2006289001 A1 US 2006289001A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- reflector
- solar
- solar stove
- stove
- hollow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/30—Solar heat collectors for heating objects, e.g. solar cookers or solar furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
- Y02B40/18—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers using renewables, e.g. solar cooking stoves, furnaces or solar heating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Abstract
A solar stove may include a cabinet with a heating area. A hollow reflector including a large opening and a small opening may be positioned below the heating area. A reflector assembly reflects solar energy toward the large opening. The cabinet may also allow solar energy to heat an outer surface of the hollow reflector. A cooking vessel used with the solar stove may include a convex bottom that extends through the small opening and into an interior of the hollow reflector.
Description
- This invention relates to apparatus for collecting and focusing solar energy. The apparatus may be used for cooking or any other desired purpose.
- A solar stove according to this invention may include a cabinet including a heating area, and a hollow reflector including a large opening and a small opening. The hollow reflector may be positioned below the heating area such that the large opening faces downward in use of the solar stove.
- A reflector assembly that includes at least one reflector may be provided to reflect solar energy toward the large opening. An adjustment mechanism may be provided to adjust a position of the reflector assembly.
- The solar stove may include casters that facilitate rotation of the solar stove about a vertical axis, for easy positioning of the solar stove to optimize solar collection.
- The cabinet and/or a hood connected to the cabinet may include one or more thermally insulated panels, and may also or alternatively include one or more thermally transmissive panels. In use, the thermally transmissive panels may be positioned facing the sun, to allow absorption of solar energy. The insulated panels restrict heat loss.
- A cooking vessel that includes a convex bottom may be used with the solar stove. The convex bottom may extend through the small opening and into an interior of the hollow reflector. Alternatively, a thermally conductive insert may be provided that includes a convex bottom that extends through the small opening and into an interior of the hollow reflector. The insert may have a flat top surface to accommodate a flat-bottomed cooking vessel.
- The solar stove may conduct solar energy to both inner and outer surfaces of the hollow reflector. For example, a reflector assembly may conduct solar energy to the inner surface, and a transparent window may conduct solar energy to the outer surface.
- These and other objects, advantages and/or features are described in or apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments.
- Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawing figures, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of a solar stove; -
FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a reflector support bracket used in the solar stove ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of another reflector support bracket used in the solar stove ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 illustrates a detail of a reflector adjustment mechanism used in the solar stove ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an exemplary hollow reflector used in the solar stove ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another exemplary hollow reflector used in the solar stove ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 7 illustrates a cross section along lines 7-7 ofFIG. 5 ; -
FIG. 8 illustrates a detail of a connection between separate parts of the reflector shown inFIG. 5 ; -
FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary pot usable with the solar stove ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 10 illustrates another exemplary pot usable with the solar stove ofFIG. 1 ; and -
FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary pan usable with the solar stove ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplarysolar stove 10 according to this invention. As depicted, the solar stove may include ahood 12, acabinet 14, andlegs hood 12 is preferably attached to thecabinet 14 via a hinge (not depicted). Thehood 12 preferably includes ahandle 128 to facilitate opening and closing of thehood 12. - In
FIG. 1 , afront panel 142 of thecabinet 14 is shown partially cut away so thatinterior components - In this embodiment, the
cabinet 14 includes atop panel 146 supported bysupports 147 that are attached tolegs cabinet 14. Thetop panel 146 includes anopening 148. A high-heat area exists at theopening 148, and a lower-heat area exists at other locations of thetop panel 146. In use, for example, one cooking vessel, such as a pot or pan, may be placed at the high-heat area for cooking, and then moved to the lower-heat area for warming. - A
hollow reflector 100 having a large opening at one end and a small opening at the other end is situated below thetop panel 146, with the small opening of thehollow reflector 100 being positioned to match theopening 148 of thepanel 146. Thehollow reflector 100 may be held in place by any suitable support mechanism. In some embodiments, the ratio of the area of the large opening to the area of the small opening is about 6:1. - The
cabinet 14 is preferably enclosed on all sides so that it can retain heat, but some embodiments may omit one or more panels such that thecabinet 14 is not fully enclosed. A bottom panel (not shown), when present, has an opening corresponding to the large opening of thehollow reflector 100, so that sunlight can pass into thehollow reflector 100. If desired, the large opening of thehollow reflector 100 can be covered by glass or another transparent material that allows sunlight to pass through. - A
panel 144 of thecabinet 14 is preferably made of glass or other transparent material. Sunlight can pass through and heat an outer surface of thehollow reflector 100, providing heat in addition to that provided by the sunlight passing inside thehollow reflector 100. The outer surface of thehollow reflector 100 may be blackened to better absorb the solar energy that passes through thepanel 144. - Preferably at least some panels of the
hood 12 and/or some panels of thecabinet 14 are made of or covered by thermally insulating material, to better retain heat generated within thesolar stove 10. Preferably thehood 12 and/or thecabinet 14 includes at least one thermally conductive panel that absorbs heat from the sun and transmits it to an interior of thehood 12 and/or thecabinet 14. For example, in this embodiment,panels hood 12 are thermally insulative, andpanel 126 of thehood 12 is thermally conductive. The thermallyconductive panel 126 may be made of, for example, blackened copper or the like. - The embodiment shown in
FIG. 1 is designed to be positioned with the sunlight coming from the side (upper left inFIG. 1 ), with the operator standing in front of thesolar stove 10. This configuration is advantageous because, with the sunlight coming from the side, instead of from behind thesolar stove 10, the sunlight does not shine in the eyes of the operator when the operator is facing the solar stove. If thesolar stove 10 were designed so that the front side faces the sun, the operator would block the sunlight when standing in front of thesolar stove 10, which would clearly be undesirable. - The
solar stove 10 includes a lower reflector assembly, hereafter referred to asflat reflector assembly 200, that includes at least one, and preferably at least two, reflectors. Theflat reflector assembly 200 of this embodiment includesflat reflectors reflectors flat reflectors hollow reflector 100. Preferably, at least two of theflat reflectors flat reflectors - The
flat reflector 210 is attached to areflector support 212 via apin 214.FIG. 2 illustrates thereflector support 212 in detail.Tabs 2122 of thereflector support 212 are preferably sized to slide over thelegs 16. - The
pin 214 may extend through aslot 162 formed in each leg 16 (only thefront leg 16 and thefront leg 18 are shown inFIG. 1 ). Thepin 214 may be threaded at both ends, andadjustment knobs 260 with mating threads may be attached to each end of thepin 214 and tightened against thelegs 16 to lock thepin 214 in position. Of course, other knob configurations are possible, such as a configuration in which theknobs 260 are attached to a bolt passing through thereflector support 212, instead of to thepin 214. - The opposite end of the
flat reflector 210 may be attached to thereflector 220 by ahinge 242, as shown. - The
flat reflector 220 may be attached to theflat reflector 230 by a hinge connection at areflector support 244. Thereflector support 244, shown in more detail inFIG. 3 , may be sized and shaped to be able to slide alongsupport members 20 connected to thelegs - The
flat reflectors -
Adjustment rods 250 are attached to theflat reflector 220 and theflat reflector 230 by a pin connection, and to thecabinet 14 byrod locking devices 252. In this embodiment, twoadjustment rods 250 are provided, but some embodiments may include only asingle adjustment rod 250, or more than twoadjustment rods 250. Theadjustment rods 250 may be used to adjust and hold the angular position of theflat reflectors -
Casters 30 may be attached to thelegs casters 30 facilitate transport and positioning of thesolar stove 10. Preferably, at least two of thecasters 30 are swivel-type casters to facilitate positioning of thesolar stove 10 about a vertical axis of thesolar stove 10. Using swivel-type casters for all of thecasters 30 makes positioning of thesolar stove 30 even easier. -
FIG. 4 illustrates details of an exemplaryrod locking device 252. As depicted, therod locking device 252 in this embodiment includes a U-shaped member with holes formed therein to allow passage of theadjustment rod 250. Bent-out tabs of therod locking device 252 engage ahole 254 formed in thepanel 142 of thecabinet 14. Therod locking device 252 is resilient, so that it presses outward toward opposing edge portions of thehole 254. The holes formed in therod locking device 252 are sized to be just barely larger than the diameter of theadjustment rod 250 so that, when therod locking device 252 is in the position shown inFIG. 4 , the edges of the holes formed in therod locking device 252 bind against theadjustment rod 250. To perform an adjustment, an operator may squeeze the opposing sides of the rod locking device towards each other to release the bind on therod 250, and then theadjustment rod 250 may be slid to a desired position. The operator then releases therod locking device 252, which deflects outward, binding theadjustment rod 250 in the desired position. - It will be appreciated, of course, that various other rod locking devices are possible.
- The
hollow reflector 100 preferably has a parabolic shape, but may have any other shape designed to transmit sunlight toward the small opening of thehollow reflector 100. Some embodiments of thehollow reflector 100 described below have curved surfaces, but some embodiments may include only flat surfaces. For example, ahollow reflector 100 having the shape of a frustum of a pyramid would have only flat surfaces. A curved-surface reflector is generally preferable in terms of collection and reflection efficiency. Roland Winston has described various shapes that are effective in solar collectors, some of which are known in the art as Winston cusp collectors. U.S. Pat. No. 3,923,381 to Winston, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, discloses some collector shapes that may be useful for thehollow reflector 100. -
FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of thehollow reflector 100 in which the large and small openings are round.FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment in which the large and small openings are rectangular or square. The embodiment shown inFIG. 5 is optically more efficient, but the embodiment shown inFIG. 6 may offer some advantages in ease of manufacturing because it can be formed by bending sheet metal. The embodiment shown inFIG. 5 may be manufactured by any suitable method. One suitable method is metal spinning, in which a flat sheet of metal is pressed against a rotating body, and gradually assumes the shape of the rotating body. In other embodiments, thehollow reflector 100 may be made of flat sheets of metal that are, for example, hinged together at their edges to form areflector 100 having the general shape of thehollow reflector 100 ofFIG. 5 , but with angular openings in the shape of, for example, an octagon or hexagon. -
FIG. 7 shows a cross section along line 7-7 ofFIG. 5 . In this embodiment, thehollow reflector 100 is made in twosections FIG. 8 shows an exemplary detail of a connection between thesections section 102 overlaps thesection 104. Thesections overlap section 1022 by welding, adhesive, screws, rivets or the like. - An advantage of forming the
hollow reflector 100 in two or more sections is that, when metal spinning is employed, it is easier to form shorter sections than longer sections. Another advantage is that the twosections -
FIG. 9 illustrates anexemplary cooking pot 302 usable with thesolar stove 10. Preferably, thepot 302 has aconvex bottom 3022 that extends slightly into an interior space of thehollow reflector 100. Theconvex bottom 3022 is preferably shaped so that it reaches a point of maximum concentration of sunlight within thehollow reflector 100. This configuration improves heating efficiency of thepot 302. Thepot 302 may be insulated on its side surfaces and top to better retain heat. -
FIG. 10 shows anotherexemplary pot 304 usable with thesolar stove 10. Like thepot 302 ofFIG. 9 , thepot 304 has aconvex bottom 3042. Thepot 304 also haslegs 3044 that extend at least as far as theconvex bottom 3042. Thelegs 3044 allow thepot 304 to be placed on a flat surface without rolling. Like thepot 302, thepot 304 may have insulated sides and/or lid. Additionally, as depicted inFIG. 10 , thetop panel 146 of thesolar stove 10 may be shaped to accommodate thelegs 3044. -
FIG. 11 illustrates apan 306 that may be used with thesolar stove 10. Thepan 306 has a flat bottom, and may be placed on top of aninsert 400 that is placed in the opening of thepanel 146. Theinsert 400 is preferably made of conductive metal such as copper, and preferably has a convex bottom as depicted. The convex bottom of theinsert 400, like the convex bottom of thepots pots pan 306 may have insulated sides and/or top. - In some embodiments of the
solar stove 10, theinsert 400 maybe permanently attached to thepanel 146, or to thehollow reflector 100. The permanent attachment may be accomplished by, for example, integrally molding thepanel 146 or thehollow reflector 100 with a portion that acts as theinsert 400, or by forming the parts separately and then attaching them together by welding, adhesive, screws, rivets or the like. In some embodiments, thepanel 146 may be a solid panel without an opening, and may absorb solar energy from thehollow reflector 100 and transmit the energy to the cooking surface by thermal conduction. - Any of the cooking vessels shown in
FIGS. 9-11 may be pressure vessels. Specifically, a mechanism may be provided to hold the lid against the pot or pan so that, during heating, higher pressure is developed within the pot or pan, as compared to the ambient atmospheric pressure. This can increase heating efficiency. The mechanism that holds the lid against the pot may include interlocking tabs provided respectively on the lid and on the vessel, as in a conventional pressure-cooking vessel, or any other known or later-developed mechanism. - In some embodiments, the
solar stove 10 may be constructed in such a manner that few or no tools and/or hardware are required to assemble thesolar stove 10. For example, the panels of thecabinet 14 may be made of sheet material and include portions that are bent into shapes that mate with the other panels and/or the legs. - In addition to cooking, the
solar stove 10 may be used for other purposes, such as drying crops or other items, distilling water, sterilizing medical instruments, generating electricity, and so forth. - While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, these embodiments are illustrative and not limiting. Various changes, substitutes, improvements or the like may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (16)
1. A solar stove, comprising:
a cabinet including a heating area; and
a hollow reflector including a large opening and a small end, the hollow reflector being positioned below the heating area such that the large opening faces downward in use.
2. The solar stove of claim 1 , further comprising a reflector assembly that includes at least one reflector that reflects solar energy toward the large opening.
3. The solar stove of claim 2 , further comprising an adjustment mechanism that adjusts a position of the reflector assembly.
4. The solar stove of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of casters, at least two of the casters being swivel casters that facilitate rotation of the solar stove about a vertical axis.
5. The solar stove of claim 1 , further comprising a hood that covers the heating area.
6. The solar stove of claim 5 , wherein the cabinet and/or the hood comprises at least one thermally insulated panel, and at least one thermally transmissive panel.
7. The solar stove of claim 1 , wherein the hollow reflector includes at least one curved surface.
8. The solar stove of claim 7 , wherein the curved surface is a parabolic surface.
9. The solar stove of claim 1 , wherein the heating area includes a high-heat area and a lower-heat area.
10. A combination, comprising:
the solar stove of claim 1 , wherein the small end of the hollow reflector has a small opening, and a cooking vessel that includes a convex bottom that extends through the small opening and into an interior of the hollow reflector.
11. A combination, comprising:
the solar stove of claim 1 , wherein the small end of the hollow reflector has a small opening, and
a thermally conductive insert that includes a convex bottom that extends through the small opening and into an interior of the hollow reflector.
12. The combination of claim 8 , wherein a top surface of the insert is flat.
13. A solar stove, comprising:
a hollow reflector including an inner surface and an outer surface;
a first device that conducts solar energy to the inner surface; and
a second device that conducts solar energy to the outer surface.
14. The solar stove of claim 13 , wherein the first device comprises a reflector assembly.
15. The solar stove of claim 13 , wherein the second device comprises a transparent window.
16. A solar stove, comprising:
a hollow reflector including a large opening and a small end, and
a reflector assembly that includes at least one reflector that reflects solar energy toward the large opening.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/165,049 US20060289001A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2005-06-24 | Solar stove |
PCT/US2006/024268 WO2007002263A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2006-06-22 | Solar stove |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/165,049 US20060289001A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2005-06-24 | Solar stove |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20060289001A1 true US20060289001A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
Family
ID=37114291
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/165,049 Abandoned US20060289001A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2005-06-24 | Solar stove |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20060289001A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007002263A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
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CN102973958A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-20 | 杨欢 | Disinfection method and disinfection apparatus by using high energy density gathered sunlight |
US20140345601A1 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | Sharlene Judith Thomas | Solar oven |
US20190008308A1 (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-10 | Lionel Abenin | Temperature-maintenance zero-cooking utensil |
US11253034B2 (en) | 2016-07-11 | 2022-02-22 | Alex Malavazos | Survivor package |
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CN102973958A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-20 | 杨欢 | Disinfection method and disinfection apparatus by using high energy density gathered sunlight |
US20140345601A1 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | Sharlene Judith Thomas | Solar oven |
US9822992B2 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2017-11-21 | Sharlene Judith Thomas | Solar oven |
US11253034B2 (en) | 2016-07-11 | 2022-02-22 | Alex Malavazos | Survivor package |
US20190008308A1 (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-10 | Lionel Abenin | Temperature-maintenance zero-cooking utensil |
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