US20070032743A1 - Vacuum Syringe Assisted Biopsy Device - Google Patents
Vacuum Syringe Assisted Biopsy Device Download PDFInfo
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- US20070032743A1 US20070032743A1 US11/465,143 US46514306A US2007032743A1 US 20070032743 A1 US20070032743 A1 US 20070032743A1 US 46514306 A US46514306 A US 46514306A US 2007032743 A1 US2007032743 A1 US 2007032743A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- biopsy device
- probe
- vacuum
- assembly
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/0233—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
- A61B10/0283—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments with vacuum aspiration, e.g. caused by retractable plunger or by connected syringe
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/0233—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
- A61B10/0266—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample
- A61B10/0275—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample with sample notch, e.g. on the side of inner stylet
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B2010/0208—Biopsy devices with actuators, e.g. with triggered spring mechanisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B2010/0225—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy for taking multiple samples
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/0046—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general to biopsy devices, and more particularly to biopsy devices having a cutter for severing tissue, and even more particularly to biopsy devices for multiple sampling with a probe remaining inserted.
- a biopsy procedure may be performed using an open or percutaneous method.
- An open biopsy is performed by making a large incision in the breast and removing either the entire mass, called an excisional biopsy, or a substantial portion of it, known as an incisional biopsy.
- An open biopsy is a surgical procedure that is usually done as an outpatient procedure in a hospital or a surgical center, involving both high cost and a high level of trauma to the patient.
- Open biopsy carries a relatively higher risk of infection and bleeding than does percutaneous biopsy, and the disfigurement that sometimes results from an open biopsy may make it difficult to read future mammograms. Further, the aesthetic considerations of the patient make open biopsy even less appealing due to the risk of disfigurement. Given that a high percentage of biopsies show that the suspicious tissue mass is not cancerous, the downsides of the open biopsy procedure render this method inappropriate in many cases.
- Percutaneous biopsy is much less invasive than open biopsy.
- Percutaneous biopsy may be performed using fine needle aspiration (FNA) or core needle biopsy.
- FNA fine needle aspiration
- a very thin needle is used to withdraw fluid and cells from the suspicious tissue mass. This method has an advantage in that it is very low-pain, so low-pain that local anesthetic is not always used because the application of it may be more painful than the FNA itself.
- FNA fine needle aspiration
- a shortcoming of FNA is that only a small number of cells are obtained through the procedure, rendering it relatively less useful in analyzing the suspicious tissue and making an assessment of the progression of the cancer less simple if the sample is found to be malignant.
- a biopsy instrument marketed under the trade name MAMMOTOME is commercially available from ETHICON ENDO-SURGERY, INC. for use in obtaining breast biopsy samples.
- This device generally retrieves multiple core biopsy samples from one insertion into breast tissue with vacuum assistance.
- a cutter tube is extended into a probe to cut tissue prolapsed into a side aperture under vacuum assistance and then the cutter tube is fully retracted between cuts to extract the sample.
- the vacuum assistance presented at the side aperture provides a further benefit of reducing the accumulation of bodily fluids around the probe that may tend to interfere with taking a diagnostic image, may impede subsequent insufflation and marker deployment, leave an undesirable hematoma at the biopsy site, and/or result in external bleeding that is a biohazard and may increase the patient's discomfort.
- vacuum assistance has a number of benefits
- some practitioners prefer to perform core biopsy procedures with simpler devices that do not include a control module with graphical user interface, electronic control, vacuum generation and control, and other features.
- Such tethers may tend to impede positioning of the biopsy device, introduce tripping hazards, and increase set up time.
- the present invention addresses these and other problems of the prior art by providing a biopsy device that has a probe cannula that is inserted into tissue to obtain a core biopsy sample by translating a cutter with the probe cannula.
- Vacuum assistance to prolapse tissue for sampling is advantageously provided by an integral vacuum container whose internal pressure is reduced from atmospheric pressure by actuation of a single motor that also translates the cutter to sever biopsy samples.
- a biopsy device handpiece has a motorized translation drive mechanism that engages and operates a disposable probe assembly that also translates a vacuum plunger of a vacuum syringe.
- a cutter tube translating within a cutter lumen severs tissue that is prolapsed therein under the urging from vacuum supplied by the vacuum syringe.
- FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a biopsy device with attached vacuum syringe assembly consistent with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the biopsy device of FIG. 1 with a disposable probe assembly that includes the vacuum syringe assembly disengaged from a reusable handpiece that has a lower tray removed to expose a carriage frame assembly and a motor drive assembly.
- FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the reusable handpiece of FIG. 1 with a top cover detached with a left half cut away and with the lower handle tray detached to expose the motor drive assembly operatively engaged to the carriage frame assembly.
- FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the motor drive assembly removed from the carriage frame assembly of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 5 is a bottom isometric view of the top cover of the reusable handpiece of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 6 is a top, left and aft isometric view of the carriage frame assembly of FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 7 is a top, left and forward view of the carriage frame assembly of FIG. 4 with an upper frame disassembled.
- FIG. 8 is a top, left and front isometric view of the carriage frame assembly of FIG. 4 with the upper frame removed.
- FIG. 9 is a bottom isometric view of the carriage frame assembly of FIG. 8 with the upper frame removed.
- FIG. 10 is a top, left and front isometric exploded view of the carriage frame assembly of FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 11 is a right front view of a transmission section of the motor drive assembly of FIG. 4 with a distal bulkhead removed.
- FIG. 12 is a front left exploded view of the transmission section of the motor drive assembly of FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 13 is a front left isometric view of the disposable probe assembly of FIG. 1 with a bottom cover, vacuum conduits and vacuum syringe assembly disassembled.
- FIG. 14 is a top detail view of a cutter gear and surrounding components of the disposable probe assembly of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 15 is a left front exploded view of a distal portion of the disposable probe assembly of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 16 is a left front exploded view of a proximal portion (vacuum syringe assembly) of the disposable probe assembly of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 17 is a bottom left isometric view of the distal internal portion of the disposable probe assembly of FIG. 1 with the bottom cover removed.
- FIG. 18 is a left side section view of the disposable probe assembly of FIG. 1 taken generally through a longitudinal axis and omitting a probe cannula.
- FIG. 19 is a left side diagrammatic view of an initial state of the biopsy device of FIG. 1 with the vacuum syringe assembly omitted and with both carriages distally positioned and engaged to the disposable probe assembly.
- FIG. 20 is a left side diagrammatic view of the biopsy device of FIG. 1 with the vacuum syringe assembly omitted, depicted after insertion of the probe cannula into tissue and the retraction of an aft (straw) carriage that withdraws a straw from the cutter tube.
- FIG. 21 is a left side diagrammatic view of the biopsy device of FIG. 1 with the vacuum syringe assembly omitted, depicted after retraction of a front (cutter) carriage that positions a valve and retracts a vacuum plunger to perform vacuum assistance within the probe cannula.
- FIG. 22 is a left side diagrammatic view of the biopsy device of FIG. 1 with the vacuum syringe assembly omitted, depicted after distal advancement of the front (cutter carriage) as the aft (straw) carriage begins to distally translate to insert the straw over a severed tissue sample and to reset the vacuum syringe assembly.
- a biopsy device 10 includes a reusable handpiece 12 , and a disposable probe assembly 14 .
- a lower handle tray 16 is disassembled from upper portions of the reusable handpiece 12 to expose portions that operably engage the disposable probe assembly 14 .
- a vacuum syringe assembly 18 is a proximal portion of the disposable probe assembly 14 that is also actuated by the reusable handpiece 12 .
- insertion of the probe cannula 22 into tissue is integrally supported by a piercing tip 26 attached at a distal end as well as a longitudinal jack hammer motion to the probe cannula 22 selected by positioning a slide button 28 distally and depressing a forward motor button 30 .
- the DC motor 24 drives a. transmission section 31 grounded to a top cover 34 of the reusable handpiece 12 to longitudinally reciprocate an internal carriage frame assembly 32 that is engaged for movement with the probe cannula 22 ( FIG. 3 ).
- depression of the forward motor button 30 causes the DC motor 24 to advance and rotate a cutter tube 36 , depicted in FIG.
- a reverse motor button 38 causes the cutter tube 36 to retract.
- Depression of a mode button 40 may cause other functions to be performed.
- fluid may be applied to or removed from the biopsy device 10 via a valve (not shown), activated by mode button 40 , inserted along distal vacuum conduit 330 ( FIG. 13 ).
- An external conduit 42 extends from the disposable probe assembly 14 , terminated by a filter/tube fitting 43 .
- Vacuum assistance passes through a lateral lumen 44 of the probe cannula 22 and distally enters a cutter lumen 46 that encompasses the cutter tube 36 and includes the side aperture 20 .
- the biopsy device 10 includes a minimum of “tethers” that would impede use, pose a tripping hazard, or extend set-up time.
- applications consistent with the present invention may have a cylindrical probe cannula (not shown) wherein the cutter tube 36 is positioned off-center to translate across a side aperture.
- a “soft-walled” lateral lumen may then be defined as a space between an outer diameter of the cutter tube and an inner diameter of the cylindrical probe cannula.
- the disposable probe assembly 14 has a bottom cover 48 with a distal probe mount cover 50 that assists in supporting the probe cannula 22 while allowing the longitudinal jack hammer motion.
- a plurality of locking tabs 52 with locking edges 54 extend upwardly through pass through slots 56 formed in the periphery of the lower handle tray 16 to resiliently extend outwardly into engaging contact with the slots 56 .
- a proximal end of the cutter tube 36 receives a cutter gear 62 having distal and proximal reduced diameter bearing surfaces 64 , 66 on each longitudinal side of a rotation spur gear section 68 , which engage the reusable handpiece 12 for rotation and for longitudinal translation through a distally open longitudinal aperture 70 formed in the lower handle tray 16 .
- a straw assembly 72 is also engaged by the reusable handpiece 12 through the longitudinal aperture 70 to reciprocate longitudinally into a proximal opening of the cutter tube 36 and cutter gear 62 to encompass and retract tissue samples.
- a vacuum source conduit 74 communicates between the vacuum syringe assembly 18 and the bottom cover 48 of the disposable probe assembly 14 .
- the reusable handpiece 12 is depicted in various states of disassembly to illustrate its operation.
- the transmission section 31 is part of a rigidly mounted motor drive assembly 76 that includes the motor 24 in between a planetary gearbox 78 and an encoder 80 . Battery or other power sources and control circuitry are omitted in the depictions.
- the motor drive assembly also includes a right guide pin 82 and a left guide pin 84 .
- the motor drive assembly 76 is shown operably engaged to the longitudinally reciprocating carriage frame assembly 32 in FIG. 3 and disassembled from the longitudinally reciprocating carriage frame assembly in FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 3-13 the reusable handpiece 12 is depicted in various states of disassembly to illustrate its operation.
- the transmission section 31 is part of a rigidly mounted motor drive assembly 76 that includes the motor 24 in between a planetary gearbox 78 and an encoder 80 . Battery or other power sources and control circuitry are omitted in the depictions.
- the motor drive assembly also includes
- the right guide pin 82 is inserted proximally through a right front pin guide 86 and then through a right rear pin guide 88 both part of an upper frame 90 of the carriage frame assembly 32 .
- a proximal end of the right guide pin 82 resides within a distally projecting right pin receptacle 92 ( FIG. 12 ) formed as part of a distal bulkhead 94 of the transmission section 31 .
- a distal end of the right guide pin 82 is received by a right pin recess 96 ( FIG. 5 ) formed in the top cover 34 .
- the left guide pin 84 is inserted proximally through a left front pin guide 98 and then through a left rear pin guide 100 , both part of the upper frame 90 of the carriage frame assembly 32 .
- a proximal end of the left guide pin 84 resides within a distally projecting left pin receptacle 102 respectively formed as part of the distal bulkhead 94 of the transmission section 31 .
- a distal end of the left guide pin 84 is received by a left pin recess 104 ( FIG. 5 ) formed in the top cover 34 .
- a right front ring bearing 106 is inserted over a distal portion of the right guide pin 82 and is received within a cylindrical recess 108 formed on a distal side of the right front pin guide 86 .
- a right aft ring bearing 109 is inserted over a proximal portion of the right guide pin 82 and is received within a cylindrical recess 111 ( FIG. 6 ) formed on a proximal side of the right aft pin guide 88 .
- a left front ring bearing 110 is inserted over a distal portion of the left guide pin 84 and is received within a cylindrical recess 112 formed on a distal side of the left front pin guide 98 .
- a left aft ring bearing 113 ( FIG. 9 ) is inserted over a proximal portion of the left guide pin 84 and is received within a cylindrical recess 115 ( FIG. 6 ) formed on a proximal side of the left aft pin guide 100 .
- a right compression spring 114 is proximally received over the right guide pin 82 between the right front and rear pin guides 86 , 88 .
- the right compression spring 114 is distally positioned against the right front pin guide 86 and at its proximal end by a right downwardly projecting structure 116 ( FIG. 5 ) formed on an interior of the top cover 34 that closely encompasses a top portion of the right guide pin 82 without contacting other portions of the carriage frame assembly 32 .
- a left compression spring 118 is proximally received over the left guide pin 84 between the left front and rear pin guides 98 , 100 . More particularly, the left compression spring 118 is distally positioned against the left front pin guide 98 at its distal end by a left downwardly projecting structure 120 ( FIG.
- a forward projecting cylindrical resilient member 122 fastened to the upper frame 90 reduces noise by contacting the front interior of the top cover 34 slowing distal movement of the carriage frame assembly 32 prior to reaching full travel.
- the distal bulkhead 94 is restrained by being proximal to a top ridge 123 , a right ridge 125 , and a left ridge 127 ( FIG. 5 ) formed in the interior of the top cover 34 and to a bottom ridge 129 formed on an upper surface of the lower handle tray 16 .
- the upper frame 90 has right and left front shaft apertures 124 , 126 that respectfully receive for rotation a distal end of a rotation shaft 128 and a translation shaft 130 .
- the right front shaft aperture 124 is closed by the front portion of a right lower frame 131 of the carriage frame assembly 32 .
- the left front shaft aperture 126 is closed by the front portion of a left lower frame 132 of the carriage frame assembly 32 .
- a front (cutter) carriage 134 and an aft (straw) carriage 136 are received on the translation shaft 130 and are encompassed by the upper and lower frames 90 , 132 .
- a proximal beveled and slotted end 138 of the rotation shaft 128 extends out of right aft shaft aperture 140 formed in the upper frame 90 for engagement to the transmission section 31 and is closed by an aft portion of the lower frame 131 .
- a proximal slotted end 142 of the translation shaft 130 extends out of a left aft aperture 144 formed in the upper frame 90 for engagement to the transmission section 31 and closed by the lower frame 132 .
- a threaded receptacle 146 on the aft end of the upper frame 90 receives a proximally projecting bolt 148 having an upwardly directed strike pin 148 at its proximal end.
- the carriage frame assembly 32 sequences translation of the front and aft carriages 134 , 136 .
- the front and aft carriages 134 , 136 respectively include lower longitudinal grooves 152 , 154 that slide upon a lower rail 156 upwardly presented on the left lower frame 132 .
- the front and aft carriages 134 , 136 respectively include an upper longitudinal groove 158 , 160 that slides upon a rail (not shown) downwardly presented on the upper frame 90 .
- the translation shaft 130 has a distal overrun portion 162 and a center overrun portion 164 separated by a front threaded portion 166 that a threaded bore 168 of a front main body portion 169 of the front carriage 134 traverses in response to rotation of the translation shaft 130 .
- a front translation compression spring 170 on the translation shaft 130 distal to the front carriage 134 compresses to allow the front carriage 134 to free wheel when being distally advanced and then biases the front carriage 134 aft to engage the front threaded portion 166 for being retracted upon reversal of rotation of the translation shaft 130 .
- proximal to the center overrun portion 164 is an aft threaded portion 172 and then a proximal overrun portion 174 that a threaded bore 176 of a back main body portion 177 of the aft carriage 136 traverses in response to rotation of the translation shaft 130 as well as in response to a connection to the front carriage 134 .
- a front bracket 178 mounted on a right side of the front carriage 134 has a rightward front pin guide 180 that receives a distal end of a longitudinally aligned carriage limiting rod 182 .
- a distal threaded end 184 of the carriage limiting rod 182 extends distally out of the rightward front pin guide 180 and is prevented from backing out by a front nut 186 .
- a long compression spring 188 is received over a shaft 190 of the carriage limiting rod 182 proximal to the rightward front pin guide 180 .
- An aft bracket 192 is attached to a right side of the back main body portion 177 of the aft carriage 136 to extend a rightward aft pin guide 194 that receives the carriage limiting rod 182 , which extends a proximal threaded end 196 proximally out of the rightward aft pin guide 194 to receive an aft nut 198 that limits forward movement.
- the long compression spring 188 biases the aft carriage 136 away from the front carriage 134 , delaying retraction of a tissue sample until cutting is complete when full distal translation of the front carriage 134 pulls the aft carriage 136 onto the aft threaded portion 172 .
- a lengthwise engagement aperture 200 defined between the right and left lower frames 131 , 132 presents engaging structures that actuate the disposable probe assembly 14 and the vacuum syringe assembly 18 .
- the rotation (spur) gear 128 exposes its left side to the lengthwise engagement aperture 200 for engagement with the rotation spur gear section 68 of the cutter gear 62 to impart a rotation.
- the front bracket 178 has a downward distal half cylinder recess 202 sized to grip the distal reduced diameter bearing surface 64 of the cutter gear 62 ( FIG. 2 ).
- the front bracket 178 further has a downward proximal half cylinder recess 204 proximally spaced and sized to grip the proximal reduced diameter bearing surface 66 of the cutter gear 62 ( FIG. 2 ) as well as a downwardly projecting front actuation finger 206 to the left side and below of the cutter gear 62 for selecting vacuum from the vacuum syringe assembly 18 .
- the aft bracket 192 has a downward distal half cylinder recess 208 and a downward proximal half cylinder recess 210 proximally spaced and sized to grip portions of the straw assembly 72 as applicable to effect retraction of tissue samples, as well as a downwardly projecting aft actuation finger 212 to the left side of the straw assembly 72 .
- the motor drive assembly 76 rotates rotation and translation shafts 128 , 130 at a fixed ratio to optimize cutting performance of the cutter tube 36 when the slide button 28 is back.
- the motor drive assembly 76 imparts a jackhammer vibration to the carriage frame assembly 32 when the slide button 28 is forward.
- the planetary gearbox 78 extends proximally a keyed motor drive shaft 214 ( FIG. 12 ) through a drive shaft hole 216 formed in the distal bulkhead 94 .
- a slide spur gear 218 is received upon the keyed motor drive shaft 214 remaining engaged for rotation between a first distal (jack hammer) position and a second proximal (translation) position in accordance with a position of the slide button 28 whose distal and proximal feet 220 , 222 straddle the slide spur gear 218 .
- the slide spur gear 218 is close to a proximal bulkhead 224 of the transmission section 31 , engaging a small spur 226 of a multiplier gear assembly 228 .
- the multiplier gear assembly 228 includes a longitudinal shaft 230 centrally attached to the small spur gear 226 .
- a cylindrical hub 232 is pinned to the longitudinal shaft 230 and in turn is encompassed by and pinned to a large spur gear 234 that rotates within a correspondingly sized, distally open recess 236 formed in proximally projecting container 237 integral to the proximal bulkhead 224 .
- a front cylinder bearing 238 received on a distal portion of the longitudinal shaft 230 is received by the proximal surface of the distal bulkhead 94 .
- a first output drive shaft 240 distally presents a right angle prismatic end 242 shaped to engage the beveled and slotted end 138 of the rotation shaft 128 that passes through a lower right hole 244 in the distal bulkhead 94 .
- a cylindrical spacer 246 is received over a distal cylindrical portion 248 of the first output shaft 240 , taking up the space between the rotation shaft 128 and the proximal bulkhead 224 .
- a distally open recess 250 formed as part of the container 237 that communicates from below with the recess 236 , is shaped to receive a proximal cylindrical end 252 of the first output drive shaft 240 and encompasses cylindrical bearing 254 as well as a small spur gear segment 256 , which is distal thereto and engages the large spur gear 234 of the multiplier gear assembly 228 .
- a second output drive shaft 258 distally presents a right angle prismatic end 260 to engage the proximal slotted end 142 of the translation shaft 130 that extends through a low left hole 262 in the distal bulkhead 94 .
- a cylindrical spacer 264 is received over a distal cylindrical portion 266 of the second output drive shaft 258 proximal to the right angle prismatic end 260 and distal to a wider diameter hub segment 268 that is encompassed by and pinned to a large spur gear 270 that engages the small spur gear 226 of the multiplier gear assembly 228 .
- Proximal to the hub segment 268 is a wide spacer segment 272 and then a narrow cylindrical end 274 that receives a cylindrical bearing 276 that resides within a correspondingly-sized, distally open recess 278 that communicates from the left with the recess 236 and is formed as part of the same container 237 .
- the distal and proximal bulkheads 94 , 224 are structurally attached to one another in parallel alignment traverse to the longitudinal axis of the biopsy device 10 by cylindrical legs 280 molded to and proximally projecting from rectangular comers of the distal bulkhead 94 and fastened to the proximal bulkhead 224 .
- a pin 282 passes through holes 281 , 283 longitudinally aligned in the distal and proximal bulkheads, 94 , 224 respectively along a top surface.
- a camming shaft 286 from distal to proximal includes a distal cylindrical end 288 , a cam wheel 290 , a mid-shaft portion 292 that receives the upwardly directed strike pin 150 of the proximally projecting bolt 148 , a wide diameter hub 294 that is encompassed by and pinned to the large spur gear 284 , and a proximal cylindrical end 296 .
- a distal cylindrical bearing 298 is received within a proximally open container 300 projecting distally from the distal bulkhead 94 and in turn receives the distal cylindrical end 288 of the camming shaft 286 .
- a proximal cylindrical bearing 302 is received within a distally projecting and open cylinder 304 formed on the proximal bulkhead 224 and in turn receives the proximal cylindrical end 296 of the camming shaft 286 .
- the cam wheel 290 presents a proximal surface to the distal edge of the strike pin 150 that is more proximal until the interrupted portion of the camming wheel 290 is presented, allowing the strike pin 150 to return to a distal position under the urging of the distal biasing of the right and left compression springs 114 , 118 .
- the disposable probe assembly 14 has movable components that respond to the actuating motions of the reusable handpiece 12 .
- the probe support body 60 includes a distal probe mount 306 that is received within the distal probe mount cover 50 of the bottom cover 48 . Proximal to and underlying a longitudinal axis of the disposable probe assembly 14 defined by a probe guide hole 308 passing through the distal probe mount 306 , an upwardly open longitudinal trough 310 is formed into a necked portion 312 of the probe support body 60 .
- an upper rod passage 314 longitudinally passes through an upper portion of a proximal block portion 316 of the probe support body 60 .
- a distal vacuum pump rod 317 is received for longitudinal movement in the upper rod passage 314 .
- a distal portion of the upwardly open longitudinal trough 310 is also downwardly open.
- a distally and proximally open, longitudinally aligned valve bore 318 is formed in a lower portion of the proximal block portion 316 .
- a proximal 90 degree fitting 319 seals a proximal opening of the valve bore 318 to an upper end of the external conduit 42 .
- Central and proximal ports 320 , 321 communicate with the valve bore 318 laterally from a left side of the proximal block portion 316 and a distal port 322 communicates laterally from a left side of the proximal block portion 316 .
- a right distal 90-degree fitting 337 communicates between the distal port 322 and an intake filter 323 within an outer hose fitting 324 .
- a valve control rod 325 has a distal actuating portion 326 extending distally out of the valve bore 318 with a distal end positionable under the downwardly open portion of the longitudinal trough 310 .
- the valve control rod 325 also has a valve spool portion 327 that longitudinally translates within the valve bore 318 to selectively position between a first position and a second position.
- a proximal O-ring 328 near a proximal end of the valve spool portion 327 and a distal O-ring 329 are spaced such that the first position entails the O-rings 328 , 329 bracketing the central and distal ports 320 , 322 and the second position entails the O-rings 328 , 329 bracketing the proximal and central ports 321 , 320 , respectively.
- the distal vacuum conduit 330 has one end attached to a center ninety-degree fitting 331 attached to the central port 320 and the other end attached to a probe union ninety-degree fitting 332 that communicates with the lateral lumen 44 .
- the vacuum source conduit 74 has one end attached to a canister ninety degree fitting 334 and the other attached to a proximal ninety degree fitting 335 attached to the proximal port 321 .
- the front actuation finger 206 of the front carriage 134 ( FIG. 9 ) is received within an upwardly open socket 336 formed on a left side of a vacuum control shuttle 338 having a lateral concave recessed band 340 shaped to encompass with a clearance a lower portion of the rotation spur gear section 68 of the cutter gear 62 .
- the vacuum control shuttle 338 is laterally sized to bridge the longitudinally open trough 310 with an L-shaped connector 341 attached to an undersurface of the vacuum control shuttle 338 sized to reside within the longitudinal trough 310 and to extend its vertical and proximal portion below the longitudinal trough 310 to attach to the distal end of the vacuum actuating portion 326 of the valve control rod 325 .
- a straw holder 342 of the straw assembly 72 includes a distal sleeve 344 with a leftward projection 346 near its distal end and attached at its proximal left edge to an elongate splint member 348 having a midpoint indented feature 350 and attached along its proximal rightward surface to a proximal sleeve 352 .
- a straw 354 is received through the proximal sleeve 352 , to the right of the elongate splint member 348 , through the distal sleeve 344 , and on through a rear dynamic seal 356 attached to a proximal end of the cutter gear 62 , and into the cutter tube 36 .
- a support plate 358 traversely fastened to an aft surface of the probe support body 60 has a downwardly open notch 360 that allows connection of the proximal 90 degree fitting 319 and passage of the distal vacuum pump rod 317 .
- An upper guide hole 362 receives the proximal sleeve 352 of the straw holder 342 .
- a straw hook wire 364 keeps the straw assembly 72 in place upon the probe support body 60 prior to engagement with the reusable handpiece 12 .
- a curled lower right end passes into leftwardly opening 365 along the top right surface of the proximal block portion 316 of the probe support body 60 into a small mounting block 366 extending upwardly from a right side with a downwardly inserted pin 368 passing through the curled lower right end to hold the straw hook wire 364 in place.
- the straw hook wire 364 has a horizontal portion attached to the curled end that passes under the straw 354 and elongate splint member 348 , bending upward within the midpoint indented feature 350 and then bending leftward and horizontally again through a lateral slot 370 in a vertical wire support member 372 formed onto a left side of the top surface of the proximal block. portion 316 . It should be appreciated that engagement of the reusable handpiece 12 forces the left portions of the straw hook wire 364 out of engagement with the midpoint indented feature 350 as a rib feature 373 ( FIG. 9 ) deflects the left portion of the straw hook wire 364 . Thus, translation of the aft carriage 136 may cause translation of the straw assembly 72 .
- a vacuum pump shuttle 374 is also laterally sized to bridge the longitudinal trough 310 with an integral lower central portion sized to reside within the longitudinal trough 310 and to attach to a distal end of the vacuum pump rod 317 .
- a backward projecting locking arm 376 attached to a left side of the vacuum pump shuttle 374 has an inward proximal hook 378 that is resiliently inwardly biased.
- the top extension member 59 has an aft horizontal surface 382 sized to overlay a distal canister support structure 384 ( FIG. 16 ) attached to an upper canister portion 386 ( FIG. 16 ) of the vacuum syringe assembly 18 .
- the top extension member 59 also has a right horizontal surface 386 and a left horizontal surface 388 extending forward from the distal corners of the aft horizontal surface 382 that surround the top surface of the probe support body 60 covering the gap to the top edges of the bottom cover 48 .
- Right and left legs 390 , 392 extend downward with inwardly curled edges at the juncture respectively between the right horizontal surface 386 and aft horizontal surface 382 and the juncture between the left horizontal surface 388 and the aft horizontal surface 382 .
- a kick-out ridge 394 extends upwardly, longitudinally positioned to coincide with full distal travel of the vacuum pump shuttle 374 , which coincides with an initial condition of the disposable probe assembly 14 with the straw assembly 72 locked forward by the straw hook wire 364 and the side aperture 20 of the probe cannula 22 closed by the cutter tube 36 .
- the vacuum syringe assembly 18 is configured to respond to longitudinal translation of the distal vacuum pump rod 317 .
- the canister support structure 384 includes a right rail bracket 396 and a left rail bracket 398 , joined at their proximal ends to one another and to an upper portion of a distal circular face 400 of the upper canister portion 386 with a distally and vertically open longitudinal guide slot 402 defined between the rail brackets 396 , 398 .
- connection block 404 with a transverse cross section similar to a cloverleaf with a narrowed upper lobe translates between the distal circular face 400 and right and left down-turned mounting surfaces 406 , 408 of the right and left rail brackets 396 , 398 respectively that are attached to the aft surface of the probe support body 60 .
- connection block 404 An upper narrowed projection 410 of the connection block 404 is fastened to a proximal end of the distal vacuum pump rod 317 ( FIG. 18 ) and shaped to slide within the guide slot 402 .
- a hole 412 centered on the distal circular face 400 is aligned with a small lower protuberance 414 of the connection block 404 .
- a proximal vacuum pump rod 416 is attached to a proximal side of the small lower protuberance 414 and passes through the hole 412 and on through a dynamic O-ring seal 418 within a neck 420 of a seal cup 422 that is fastened to the proximal side of the distal circular face 400 of the upper canister portion 386 .
- the proximal end of the proximal vacuum pump rod 416 passes on through a vacuum pump cylinder 424 whose bottle neck 426 and distal portion fits within the seal cup 422 . Lateral sides of the vacuum pump cylinder 424 are closely encompassed by fastening together the upper container portion 386 to a lower canister portion 428 with a proximal circular opening closed by a canister end cap. 430 ( FIG. 2 ).
- a proximal end of the proximal vacuum pump rod 416 passes through a central hole 431 in a tension plunger seal 432 , partially through an enlarged distal central hole 433 in a tension plunger body 434 that proximally communicates with a smaller proximal central hole 435 too small for the proximal vacuum pump rod 416 .
- a washer 436 centered on a proximal face of the tension plunger body 434 , is held on by a small bolt 438 that passes distally into the smaller proximal central hole 435 and is threaded into the proximal vacuum pump rod 416 .
- the canister ninety-degree fitting 334 passes through a bottom hole 440 in the lower canister portion 428 .
- an O-ring 442 between the lower canister portion 428 and the vacuum pump cylinder 424 form a static seal between the bottom hole 440 and an aligned distal bottom hole 446 to communicate with a variable volume vacuum cavity 448 whose volume is dictated by the longitudinal position of a syringe plunger assembly 450 formed by the combination of the tension plunger seal and body 432 , 434 .
- the disposable biopsy assembly 14 is in an initial condition with the cutter gear 62 distally positioned, which closes the side aperture 20 in the probe cannula 22 for insertion ( FIG. 19 ).
- the underlying vacuum control shuttle 338 is at its distal position, moving the valve control rod 325 distally to the first position with the atmospheric air made available through the distal port 322 to the central port 320 to the lateral lumen 44 of the probe cannula 22 .
- the vacuum pump shuttle 374 is distally positioned behind the vacuum control shuttle 338 in its most distal position drawing distally the distal vacuum pump rod 317 , connection block 404 , proximal vacuum pump rod 416 , and finally the vacuum syringe plunger 450 to an unactuated state.
- the straw assembly 72 is also distally advanced with the straw 354 inserted through the cutter tube 36 .
- the reusable handpiece 12 is mounted onto the disposable probe assembly 14 in the same state as FIG. 18 .
- the front (cutter) carriage 134 of the reusable handpiece 12 engages the cutter gear 62 for longitudinal movement, as well as extending downwardly projecting front actuation finger 206 into engagement with the upwardly open socket 336 of the vacuum control shuttle 338 .
- the aft (straw) carriage 136 of the reusable handpiece 12 engages the straw assembly 72 for longitudinal movement, as presenting the downwardly projecting aft actuation finger 212 to leftward projection 346 of the straw assembly 72 .
- the reusable handpiece 12 prepares the disposable probe assembly 14 by rotating the translation shaft 130 in the direction that retracts the aft carriage 136 whose threaded bore 176 is engaged to the aft threaded portion 172 while the front carriage 134 free wheels on the distal overrun portion 162 , which causes the straw 354 to retract within the cutter tube 36 .
- the aft carriage 136 approaches its proximal most position, the aft carriage 136 reaches the full travel of the carriage limiting rod 182 , which thus pulls the threaded bore 168 of the front carriage 134 onto the front threaded portion 166 , overcoming the bias of the long compression spring 188 on the carriage limiting rod 182 .
- a sample indicator (not shown) located within the straw assembly 72 closes the lumen within the straw 354 , resulting in a low pressure (“vacuum”) as compared to atmospheric pressure within the lateral lumen 44 .
- This low pressure is presented to the side aperture 20 as the cutter tube 36 retracts, passing through internal holes 453 passing between the lateral and cutter lumens 44 , 46 beneath the side aperture 20 , prolapsing a portion of the suspicious lesion 452 into the cutter lumen 46 .
- the backward projecting locking arm 376 of the vacuum pump shuttle 374 engages the downwardly projecting aft actuation finger 212 of the aft carriage 136 .
- the front carriage 134 is distally translated by rotation of the translation shaft 130 in the opposite direction.
- the long compression spring 188 on the carriage limiting rod 182 urges the threaded bore 168 of the front carriage 134 into engagement with the front threaded portion 166 while the bias from the long compression spring 188 also biases the aft carriage 136 to remain free wheeling on the proximal overrun portion 174 .
- the rotation shaft 128 is rotating the cutter gear 62 and thus the cutter tube 36 in a ratio related to the rate of translation.
- the vacuum control shuttle 338 switches the vacuum control rod 325 to the first position that vents the lateral lumen 44 to the atmosphere while the straw assembly 72 maintains a residual vacuum behind a severed tissue sample 454 in the cutter lumen 46 .
- the differential pressure on the sample 454 assists in retracting the sample 454 .
- the aft carriage 136 is drawn onto the aft threaded portion 172 to distally translate both the vacuum pump shuttle 374 and the straw assembly 72 so that the straw 354 encompasses the severed tissue sample 454 with the biopsy device 10 returned to the position of FIG. 19 .
- Operation as described for FIG. 20 retracts the sample 454 preparing the device for repositioning as desired and the taking of another core biopsy sample.
- applications consistent with the present invention may include other operable coupling of a motor contained in a hand-held proximal portion of a biopsy device, such as coupling the motor to turn a vacuum pump that evacuates a fixed volume vacuum accumulator.
- the motor may wind up a reel that positions a plunger of a vacuum syringe.
- the power supplies, control circuitry and motor may be selected from technologies that are inherently immune to a strong magnetic field and/or shielded to avoid transmission of radio frequency (RF) interference that may create artifacts in the diagnostic images.
- RF radio frequency
- certain components may be remote to the hand-held device such as the DC motor connected by a mechanical drive cable.
- a vacuum container that is evacuated or otherwise causes to contain a low pressure by a motor-driven mechanism may be part of a reusable handpiece with pneumatic conduits that communicate to a probe assembly.
Abstract
Description
- The present application is a continuation-in-part of the co-pending and commonly-owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/198,558, “BIOPSY DEVICE WITH REPLACEABLE PROBE AND INCORPORATING VIBRATION INSERTION ASSIST AND STATIC VACUUM SOURCE SAMPLE STACKING RETRIEVAL” to Hibner et al., filed 08 Aug. 2005, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- The present invention relates in general to biopsy devices, and more particularly to biopsy devices having a cutter for severing tissue, and even more particularly to biopsy devices for multiple sampling with a probe remaining inserted.
- When a suspicious tissue mass is discovered in a patient's breast through examination, ultrasound, MRI, X-ray imaging or the like, it is often necessary to perform a biopsy procedure to remove one or more samples of that tissue in order to determine whether the mass contains cancerous cells. A biopsy may be performed using an open or percutaneous method.
- An open biopsy is performed by making a large incision in the breast and removing either the entire mass, called an excisional biopsy, or a substantial portion of it, known as an incisional biopsy. An open biopsy is a surgical procedure that is usually done as an outpatient procedure in a hospital or a surgical center, involving both high cost and a high level of trauma to the patient. Open biopsy carries a relatively higher risk of infection and bleeding than does percutaneous biopsy, and the disfigurement that sometimes results from an open biopsy may make it difficult to read future mammograms. Further, the aesthetic considerations of the patient make open biopsy even less appealing due to the risk of disfigurement. Given that a high percentage of biopsies show that the suspicious tissue mass is not cancerous, the downsides of the open biopsy procedure render this method inappropriate in many cases.
- Percutaneous biopsy, to the contrary, is much less invasive than open biopsy. Percutaneous biopsy may be performed using fine needle aspiration (FNA) or core needle biopsy. In FNA, a very thin needle is used to withdraw fluid and cells from the suspicious tissue mass. This method has an advantage in that it is very low-pain, so low-pain that local anesthetic is not always used because the application of it may be more painful than the FNA itself. However, a shortcoming of FNA is that only a small number of cells are obtained through the procedure, rendering it relatively less useful in analyzing the suspicious tissue and making an assessment of the progression of the cancer less simple if the sample is found to be malignant.
- During a core needle biopsy, a small tissue sample is removed allowing for a pathological assessment of the tissue, including an assessment of the progression of any cancerous cells that are found. The following patent documents disclose various core biopsy devices and are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety: U.S. Pat. No. 6,273,862 issued Aug. 14, 2001; U.S. Pat. No. 6,231,522 issued May 15, 2001; U.S. Pat. No. 6,228,055 issued May 8, 2001; U.S. Pat. No. 6,120,462 issued Sep. 19, 2000; U.S. Pat. No. 6,086,544 issued Jul. 11, 2000; U.S. Pat. No. 6,077,230 issued Jun. 20, 2000; U.S. Pat. No. 6,017,316 issued Jan. 25, 2000; U.S. Pat. No. 6,007,497 issued Dec. 28, 1999; U.S. Pat. No. 5,980,469 issued Nov. 9, 1999; U.S. Pat. No. 5,964,716 issued Oct. 12, 1999; U.S. Pat. No. 5,928,164 issued Jul. 27, 1999; U.S. Pat. No. 5,775,333 issued Jul. 7, 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 5,769,086 issued Jun. 23, 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 5,649,547 issued Jul. 22, 1997; U.S. Pat. No. 5,526,822 issued Jun. 18, 1996; and US Patent Application 2003/0199753 published Oct. 23, 2003 to Hibner et al.
- At present, a biopsy instrument marketed under the trade name MAMMOTOME is commercially available from ETHICON ENDO-SURGERY, INC. for use in obtaining breast biopsy samples. This device generally retrieves multiple core biopsy samples from one insertion into breast tissue with vacuum assistance. In particular, a cutter tube is extended into a probe to cut tissue prolapsed into a side aperture under vacuum assistance and then the cutter tube is fully retracted between cuts to extract the sample.
- With a long probe, the rate of sample taking is limited not only by the time required to rotate or reposition the probe but also by the time needed to translate the cutter. As an alternative to this “long stroke” biopsy device, a “short stroke” biopsy device is described in the following commonly assigned patent applications: U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/676,944, “Biopsy Instrument with Internal Specimen Collection Mechanism” filed Sep. 30, 2003 in the name of Hibner et al.; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/732,843, “Biopsy Device with Sample Tube” filed Dec. 10, 2003 in the name of Cicenas et al. The cutter is cycled across the side aperture, reducing the sample time. Several alternative specimen collection mechanisms are described that draw samples through the cutter tube, all of which allow for taking multiple samples without removing the probe from the breast.
- The vacuum assistance presented at the side aperture provides a further benefit of reducing the accumulation of bodily fluids around the probe that may tend to interfere with taking a diagnostic image, may impede subsequent insufflation and marker deployment, leave an undesirable hematoma at the biopsy site, and/or result in external bleeding that is a biohazard and may increase the patient's discomfort.
- While the vacuum assistance has a number of benefits, some practitioners prefer to perform core biopsy procedures with simpler devices that do not include a control module with graphical user interface, electronic control, vacuum generation and control, and other features. In addition to the desire to reduce capital costs, it is also generally desirable to reduce the need to tether a hand-held biopsy device to sources of mechanical motion, vacuum supply, electrical power and control. Such tethers may tend to impede positioning of the biopsy device, introduce tripping hazards, and increase set up time.
- Therefore, while these multiple sample core biopsy instruments have numerous advantages, it is believed that the diagnostic and therapeutic advantages of the core biopsy procedures would be seen as more desirable if vacuum assistance could be incorporated in a more convenient manner.
- The present invention addresses these and other problems of the prior art by providing a biopsy device that has a probe cannula that is inserted into tissue to obtain a core biopsy sample by translating a cutter with the probe cannula. Vacuum assistance to prolapse tissue for sampling is advantageously provided by an integral vacuum container whose internal pressure is reduced from atmospheric pressure by actuation of a single motor that also translates the cutter to sever biopsy samples.
- In one aspect of the invention, a biopsy device handpiece has a motorized translation drive mechanism that engages and operates a disposable probe assembly that also translates a vacuum plunger of a vacuum syringe. A cutter tube translating within a cutter lumen severs tissue that is prolapsed therein under the urging from vacuum supplied by the vacuum syringe.
- These and other objects and advantages of the present invention shall be made apparent from the accompanying drawings and the description thereof.
- While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the present invention, it is believed the same will be better understood by reference to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a biopsy device with attached vacuum syringe assembly consistent with the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the biopsy device ofFIG. 1 with a disposable probe assembly that includes the vacuum syringe assembly disengaged from a reusable handpiece that has a lower tray removed to expose a carriage frame assembly and a motor drive assembly. -
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the reusable handpiece ofFIG. 1 with a top cover detached with a left half cut away and with the lower handle tray detached to expose the motor drive assembly operatively engaged to the carriage frame assembly. -
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the motor drive assembly removed from the carriage frame assembly ofFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 5 is a bottom isometric view of the top cover of the reusable handpiece ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 6 is a top, left and aft isometric view of the carriage frame assembly ofFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 7 is a top, left and forward view of the carriage frame assembly ofFIG. 4 with an upper frame disassembled. -
FIG. 8 is a top, left and front isometric view of the carriage frame assembly ofFIG. 4 with the upper frame removed. -
FIG. 9 is a bottom isometric view of the carriage frame assembly ofFIG. 8 with the upper frame removed. -
FIG. 10 is a top, left and front isometric exploded view of the carriage frame assembly ofFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 11 is a right front view of a transmission section of the motor drive assembly ofFIG. 4 with a distal bulkhead removed. -
FIG. 12 is a front left exploded view of the transmission section of the motor drive assembly ofFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 13 is a front left isometric view of the disposable probe assembly ofFIG. 1 with a bottom cover, vacuum conduits and vacuum syringe assembly disassembled. -
FIG. 14 is a top detail view of a cutter gear and surrounding components of the disposable probe assembly ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 15 is a left front exploded view of a distal portion of the disposable probe assembly ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 16 is a left front exploded view of a proximal portion (vacuum syringe assembly) of the disposable probe assembly ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 17 is a bottom left isometric view of the distal internal portion of the disposable probe assembly ofFIG. 1 with the bottom cover removed. -
FIG. 18 is a left side section view of the disposable probe assembly ofFIG. 1 taken generally through a longitudinal axis and omitting a probe cannula. -
FIG. 19 is a left side diagrammatic view of an initial state of the biopsy device ofFIG. 1 with the vacuum syringe assembly omitted and with both carriages distally positioned and engaged to the disposable probe assembly. -
FIG. 20 is a left side diagrammatic view of the biopsy device ofFIG. 1 with the vacuum syringe assembly omitted, depicted after insertion of the probe cannula into tissue and the retraction of an aft (straw) carriage that withdraws a straw from the cutter tube. -
FIG. 21 is a left side diagrammatic view of the biopsy device ofFIG. 1 with the vacuum syringe assembly omitted, depicted after retraction of a front (cutter) carriage that positions a valve and retracts a vacuum plunger to perform vacuum assistance within the probe cannula. -
FIG. 22 is a left side diagrammatic view of the biopsy device ofFIG. 1 with the vacuum syringe assembly omitted, depicted after distal advancement of the front (cutter carriage) as the aft (straw) carriage begins to distally translate to insert the straw over a severed tissue sample and to reset the vacuum syringe assembly. - Turning to the Drawings, wherein like numerals denote like components throughout the several views, in
FIGS. 1-3 , abiopsy device 10 includes areusable handpiece 12, and adisposable probe assembly 14. Alower handle tray 16 is disassembled from upper portions of thereusable handpiece 12 to expose portions that operably engage thedisposable probe assembly 14. Avacuum syringe assembly 18 is a proximal portion of thedisposable probe assembly 14 that is also actuated by thereusable handpiece 12. With the close proximity of the source of vacuum, the amount of vacuum line that needs to be evacuated is minimized, enabling a modestly sizedvacuum syringe assembly 18 to effect vacuum assistance to prolapse tissue into aside aperture 20 of aprobe cannula 22 of thedisposable probe assembly 14. InFIG. 3 , further economy is realized by employing oneDC motor 24 in thereusable handpiece 12 to accomplish the severing of tissue samples as well as actuating thevacuum syringe assembly 18. - With particular reference to
FIG. 1 , insertion of theprobe cannula 22 into tissue is integrally supported by a piercingtip 26 attached at a distal end as well as a longitudinal jack hammer motion to theprobe cannula 22 selected by positioning aslide button 28 distally and depressing aforward motor button 30. In response, theDC motor 24 drives a.transmission section 31 grounded to atop cover 34 of thereusable handpiece 12 to longitudinally reciprocate an internalcarriage frame assembly 32 that is engaged for movement with the probe cannula 22 (FIG. 3 ). With theslide button 28 proximally positioned, depression of theforward motor button 30 causes theDC motor 24 to advance and rotate acutter tube 36, depicted inFIG. 1 as having been fully distally translated, closing theside aperture 20. Depression of areverse motor button 38 causes thecutter tube 36 to retract. Depression of amode button 40 may cause other functions to be performed. For example, fluid may be applied to or removed from thebiopsy device 10 via a valve (not shown), activated bymode button 40, inserted along distal vacuum conduit 330 (FIG. 13 ). Anexternal conduit 42 extends from thedisposable probe assembly 14, terminated by a filter/tube fitting 43. Vacuum assistance passes through alateral lumen 44 of theprobe cannula 22 and distally enters acutter lumen 46 that encompasses thecutter tube 36 and includes theside aperture 20. It should be appreciated that thebiopsy device 10 includes a minimum of “tethers” that would impede use, pose a tripping hazard, or extend set-up time. - Alternatively, instead of “hard-walled”
lateral lumen 44 separated from thecutter lumen 46 along its length, applications consistent with the present invention may have a cylindrical probe cannula (not shown) wherein thecutter tube 36 is positioned off-center to translate across a side aperture. A “soft-walled” lateral lumen may then be defined as a space between an outer diameter of the cutter tube and an inner diameter of the cylindrical probe cannula. - In
FIG. 2 , thedisposable probe assembly 14 has abottom cover 48 with a distal probe mount cover 50 that assists in supporting theprobe cannula 22 while allowing the longitudinal jack hammer motion. A plurality of lockingtabs 52 with lockingedges 54 extend upwardly through pass throughslots 56 formed in the periphery of thelower handle tray 16 to resiliently extend outwardly into engaging contact with theslots 56.Relieved areas 58 formed behind each lockingtab 52 in atop extension member 59 that surrounds aprobe support body 60, the combination covering a cavity defined by thebottom cover 48, allow depression of the lockingtabs 52 to unlock thedisposable probe assembly 14 to install another identical or similar assembly. - A proximal end of the
cutter tube 36 receives acutter gear 62 having distal and proximal reduced diameter bearing surfaces 64, 66 on each longitudinal side of a rotationspur gear section 68, which engage thereusable handpiece 12 for rotation and for longitudinal translation through a distally openlongitudinal aperture 70 formed in thelower handle tray 16. Astraw assembly 72 is also engaged by thereusable handpiece 12 through thelongitudinal aperture 70 to reciprocate longitudinally into a proximal opening of thecutter tube 36 andcutter gear 62 to encompass and retract tissue samples. Avacuum source conduit 74 communicates between thevacuum syringe assembly 18 and thebottom cover 48 of thedisposable probe assembly 14. - In
FIG. 3-13 , thereusable handpiece 12 is depicted in various states of disassembly to illustrate its operation. Thetransmission section 31 is part of a rigidly mountedmotor drive assembly 76 that includes themotor 24 in between aplanetary gearbox 78 and anencoder 80. Battery or other power sources and control circuitry are omitted in the depictions. The motor drive assembly also includes aright guide pin 82 and aleft guide pin 84. Themotor drive assembly 76 is shown operably engaged to the longitudinally reciprocatingcarriage frame assembly 32 inFIG. 3 and disassembled from the longitudinally reciprocating carriage frame assembly inFIG. 4 . InFIG. 4 , theright guide pin 82 is inserted proximally through a rightfront pin guide 86 and then through a rightrear pin guide 88 both part of anupper frame 90 of thecarriage frame assembly 32. A proximal end of theright guide pin 82 resides within a distally projecting right pin receptacle 92 (FIG. 12 ) formed as part of adistal bulkhead 94 of thetransmission section 31. A distal end of theright guide pin 82 is received by a right pin recess 96 (FIG. 5 ) formed in thetop cover 34. Similarly, theleft guide pin 84 is inserted proximally through a leftfront pin guide 98 and then through a leftrear pin guide 100, both part of theupper frame 90 of thecarriage frame assembly 32. A proximal end of theleft guide pin 84 resides within a distally projectingleft pin receptacle 102 respectively formed as part of thedistal bulkhead 94 of thetransmission section 31. A distal end of theleft guide pin 84 is received by a left pin recess 104 (FIG. 5 ) formed in thetop cover 34. - With particular reference to
FIGS. 3, 4 , 6, 7 and 12, a right front ring bearing 106 is inserted over a distal portion of theright guide pin 82 and is received within acylindrical recess 108 formed on a distal side of the rightfront pin guide 86. A right aft ring bearing 109 is inserted over a proximal portion of theright guide pin 82 and is received within a cylindrical recess 111 (FIG. 6 ) formed on a proximal side of the rightaft pin guide 88. A left front ring bearing 110 is inserted over a distal portion of theleft guide pin 84 and is received within acylindrical recess 112 formed on a distal side of the leftfront pin guide 98. A left aft ring bearing 113 (FIG. 9 ) is inserted over a proximal portion of theleft guide pin 84 and is received within a cylindrical recess 115 (FIG. 6 ) formed on a proximal side of the leftaft pin guide 100. Aright compression spring 114 is proximally received over theright guide pin 82 between the right front and rear pin guides 86, 88. More particularly, theright compression spring 114 is distally positioned against the rightfront pin guide 86 and at its proximal end by a right downwardly projecting structure 116 (FIG. 5 ) formed on an interior of thetop cover 34 that closely encompasses a top portion of theright guide pin 82 without contacting other portions of thecarriage frame assembly 32. Aleft compression spring 118 is proximally received over theleft guide pin 84 between the left front and rear pin guides 98, 100. More particularly, theleft compression spring 118 is distally positioned against the leftfront pin guide 98 at its distal end by a left downwardly projecting structure 120 (FIG. 5 ) formed on the interior of thetop cover 34 that closely encompasses a top portion of theleft guide pin 84 without contacting other portions of thecarriage frame assembly 32. Thereby, thecarriage frame assembly 32 is biased to a distal position relative to thetop cover 34 andlower handle tray 16. - In
FIGS. 3-5 , a forward projecting cylindricalresilient member 122 fastened to theupper frame 90 reduces noise by contacting the front interior of thetop cover 34 slowing distal movement of thecarriage frame assembly 32 prior to reaching full travel. Thedistal bulkhead 94 is restrained by being proximal to atop ridge 123, aright ridge 125, and a left ridge 127 (FIG. 5 ) formed in the interior of thetop cover 34 and to abottom ridge 129 formed on an upper surface of thelower handle tray 16. - Returning to
FIGS. 3-4 and 7, theupper frame 90 has right and leftfront shaft apertures rotation shaft 128 and atranslation shaft 130. The rightfront shaft aperture 124 is closed by the front portion of a rightlower frame 131 of thecarriage frame assembly 32. The leftfront shaft aperture 126 is closed by the front portion of a leftlower frame 132 of thecarriage frame assembly 32. A front (cutter)carriage 134 and an aft (straw)carriage 136 are received on thetranslation shaft 130 and are encompassed by the upper andlower frames FIG. 6 , a proximal beveled and slotted end 138 of therotation shaft 128 extends out of rightaft shaft aperture 140 formed in theupper frame 90 for engagement to thetransmission section 31 and is closed by an aft portion of thelower frame 131. A proximal slottedend 142 of thetranslation shaft 130 extends out of a leftaft aperture 144 formed in theupper frame 90 for engagement to thetransmission section 31 and closed by thelower frame 132. A threadedreceptacle 146 on the aft end of theupper frame 90 receives aproximally projecting bolt 148 having an upwardly directedstrike pin 148 at its proximal end. - In
FIGS. 7-10 , thecarriage frame assembly 32 sequences translation of the front andaft carriages FIG. 10 , the front andaft carriages longitudinal grooves 152, 154 that slide upon alower rail 156 upwardly presented on the leftlower frame 132. The front andaft carriages longitudinal groove upper frame 90. Thetranslation shaft 130 has adistal overrun portion 162 and acenter overrun portion 164 separated by a front threadedportion 166 that a threadedbore 168 of a frontmain body portion 169 of thefront carriage 134 traverses in response to rotation of thetranslation shaft 130. A fronttranslation compression spring 170 on thetranslation shaft 130 distal to thefront carriage 134 compresses to allow thefront carriage 134 to free wheel when being distally advanced and then biases thefront carriage 134 aft to engage the front threadedportion 166 for being retracted upon reversal of rotation of thetranslation shaft 130. - With particular reference to
FIGS. 8 and 10 , proximal to thecenter overrun portion 164 is an aft threadedportion 172 and then aproximal overrun portion 174 that a threadedbore 176 of a backmain body portion 177 of theaft carriage 136 traverses in response to rotation of thetranslation shaft 130 as well as in response to a connection to thefront carriage 134. In particular, afront bracket 178 mounted on a right side of thefront carriage 134 has a rightwardfront pin guide 180 that receives a distal end of a longitudinally alignedcarriage limiting rod 182. A distal threadedend 184 of thecarriage limiting rod 182 extends distally out of the rightwardfront pin guide 180 and is prevented from backing out by afront nut 186. Along compression spring 188 is received over ashaft 190 of thecarriage limiting rod 182 proximal to the rightwardfront pin guide 180. Anaft bracket 192 is attached to a right side of the backmain body portion 177 of theaft carriage 136 to extend a rightwardaft pin guide 194 that receives thecarriage limiting rod 182, which extends a proximal threadedend 196 proximally out of the rightwardaft pin guide 194 to receive anaft nut 198 that limits forward movement. Thelong compression spring 188 biases theaft carriage 136 away from thefront carriage 134, delaying retraction of a tissue sample until cutting is complete when full distal translation of thefront carriage 134 pulls theaft carriage 136 onto the aft threadedportion 172. - With particular reference to
FIG. 9 , alengthwise engagement aperture 200 defined between the right and leftlower frames disposable probe assembly 14 and thevacuum syringe assembly 18. The rotation (spur)gear 128 exposes its left side to thelengthwise engagement aperture 200 for engagement with the rotationspur gear section 68 of thecutter gear 62 to impart a rotation. Thefront bracket 178 has a downward distalhalf cylinder recess 202 sized to grip the distal reduceddiameter bearing surface 64 of the cutter gear 62 (FIG. 2 ). Thefront bracket 178 further has a downward proximalhalf cylinder recess 204 proximally spaced and sized to grip the proximal reduceddiameter bearing surface 66 of the cutter gear 62 (FIG. 2 ) as well as a downwardly projectingfront actuation finger 206 to the left side and below of thecutter gear 62 for selecting vacuum from thevacuum syringe assembly 18. Similarly, theaft bracket 192 has a downward distalhalf cylinder recess 208 and a downward proximalhalf cylinder recess 210 proximally spaced and sized to grip portions of thestraw assembly 72 as applicable to effect retraction of tissue samples, as well as a downwardly projectingaft actuation finger 212 to the left side of thestraw assembly 72. - In
FIGS. 2-3 and 11-12, themotor drive assembly 76 rotates rotation andtranslation shafts cutter tube 36 when theslide button 28 is back. Alternatively, themotor drive assembly 76 imparts a jackhammer vibration to thecarriage frame assembly 32 when theslide button 28 is forward. With particular reference toFIGS. 11-12 , theplanetary gearbox 78 extends proximally a keyed motor drive shaft 214 (FIG. 12 ) through adrive shaft hole 216 formed in thedistal bulkhead 94. Aslide spur gear 218 is received upon the keyedmotor drive shaft 214 remaining engaged for rotation between a first distal (jack hammer) position and a second proximal (translation) position in accordance with a position of theslide button 28 whose distal andproximal feet slide spur gear 218. InFIG. 11 , theslide spur gear 218 is close to aproximal bulkhead 224 of thetransmission section 31, engaging asmall spur 226 of amultiplier gear assembly 228. Themultiplier gear assembly 228 includes alongitudinal shaft 230 centrally attached to thesmall spur gear 226. Proximal thereto, acylindrical hub 232 is pinned to thelongitudinal shaft 230 and in turn is encompassed by and pinned to alarge spur gear 234 that rotates within a correspondingly sized, distallyopen recess 236 formed in proximally projectingcontainer 237 integral to theproximal bulkhead 224. A front cylinder bearing 238 received on a distal portion of thelongitudinal shaft 230 is received by the proximal surface of thedistal bulkhead 94. - A first
output drive shaft 240 distally presents a right angleprismatic end 242 shaped to engage the beveled and slotted end 138 of therotation shaft 128 that passes through a lowerright hole 244 in thedistal bulkhead 94. Acylindrical spacer 246 is received over a distalcylindrical portion 248 of thefirst output shaft 240, taking up the space between therotation shaft 128 and theproximal bulkhead 224. A distallyopen recess 250, formed as part of thecontainer 237 that communicates from below with therecess 236, is shaped to receive a proximalcylindrical end 252 of the firstoutput drive shaft 240 and encompassescylindrical bearing 254 as well as a smallspur gear segment 256, which is distal thereto and engages thelarge spur gear 234 of themultiplier gear assembly 228. - A second
output drive shaft 258 distally presents a right angleprismatic end 260 to engage the proximal slottedend 142 of thetranslation shaft 130 that extends through a lowleft hole 262 in thedistal bulkhead 94. Acylindrical spacer 264 is received over a distalcylindrical portion 266 of the secondoutput drive shaft 258 proximal to the right angleprismatic end 260 and distal to a widerdiameter hub segment 268 that is encompassed by and pinned to alarge spur gear 270 that engages thesmall spur gear 226 of themultiplier gear assembly 228. Proximal to thehub segment 268 is awide spacer segment 272 and then a narrow cylindrical end 274 that receives acylindrical bearing 276 that resides within a correspondingly-sized, distallyopen recess 278 that communicates from the left with therecess 236 and is formed as part of thesame container 237. - The distal and
proximal bulkheads biopsy device 10 bycylindrical legs 280 molded to and proximally projecting from rectangular comers of thedistal bulkhead 94 and fastened to theproximal bulkhead 224. In addition, apin 282 passes throughholes - When the
slide button 28 is moved distally to the jackhammer position, the slidingspur gear 218 disengages from thesmall spur gear 226 and engages alarge spur gear 284 of a rotarycamming gear assembly 286. Acamming shaft 286 from distal to proximal includes a distalcylindrical end 288, acam wheel 290, amid-shaft portion 292 that receives the upwardly directedstrike pin 150 of theproximally projecting bolt 148, awide diameter hub 294 that is encompassed by and pinned to thelarge spur gear 284, and a proximalcylindrical end 296. A distalcylindrical bearing 298 is received within a proximallyopen container 300 projecting distally from thedistal bulkhead 94 and in turn receives the distalcylindrical end 288 of thecamming shaft 286. A proximalcylindrical bearing 302 is received within a distally projecting andopen cylinder 304 formed on theproximal bulkhead 224 and in turn receives the proximalcylindrical end 296 of thecamming shaft 286. - As the
camming shaft 286 rotates clockwise as viewed from behind, thecam wheel 290 presents a proximal surface to the distal edge of thestrike pin 150 that is more proximal until the interrupted portion of thecamming wheel 290 is presented, allowing thestrike pin 150 to return to a distal position under the urging of the distal biasing of the right and left compression springs 114, 118. - In
FIGS. 13-22 , thedisposable probe assembly 14 has movable components that respond to the actuating motions of thereusable handpiece 12. With particular reference toFIGS. 13-17 , theprobe support body 60 includes adistal probe mount 306 that is received within the distal probe mount cover 50 of thebottom cover 48. Proximal to and underlying a longitudinal axis of thedisposable probe assembly 14 defined by aprobe guide hole 308 passing through thedistal probe mount 306, an upwardly openlongitudinal trough 310 is formed into anecked portion 312 of theprobe support body 60. At a proximal end of thelongitudinal trough 310, anupper rod passage 314 longitudinally passes through an upper portion of aproximal block portion 316 of theprobe support body 60. A distalvacuum pump rod 317 is received for longitudinal movement in theupper rod passage 314. - With particular reference to
FIGS. 15, 18 , a distal portion of the upwardly openlongitudinal trough 310 is also downwardly open. A distally and proximally open, longitudinally aligned valve bore 318 is formed in a lower portion of theproximal block portion 316. A proximal 90 degree fitting 319 seals a proximal opening of the valve bore 318 to an upper end of theexternal conduit 42. Central andproximal ports proximal block portion 316 and adistal port 322 communicates laterally from a left side of theproximal block portion 316. A right distal 90-degree fitting 337 communicates between thedistal port 322 and anintake filter 323 within an outer hose fitting 324. - A
valve control rod 325 has adistal actuating portion 326 extending distally out of the valve bore 318 with a distal end positionable under the downwardly open portion of thelongitudinal trough 310. Thevalve control rod 325 also has avalve spool portion 327 that longitudinally translates within the valve bore 318 to selectively position between a first position and a second position. A proximal O-ring 328 near a proximal end of thevalve spool portion 327 and a distal O-ring 329 are spaced such that the first position entails the O-rings distal ports rings central ports - In
FIGS. 17-18 , thedistal vacuum conduit 330 has one end attached to a center ninety-degree fitting 331 attached to thecentral port 320 and the other end attached to a probe union ninety-degree fitting 332 that communicates with thelateral lumen 44. Thevacuum source conduit 74 has one end attached to a canister ninety degree fitting 334 and the other attached to a proximal ninety degree fitting 335 attached to theproximal port 321. - In
FIGS. 15, 18 , thefront actuation finger 206 of the front carriage 134 (FIG. 9 ) is received within an upwardlyopen socket 336 formed on a left side of avacuum control shuttle 338 having a lateral concave recessedband 340 shaped to encompass with a clearance a lower portion of the rotationspur gear section 68 of thecutter gear 62. Thevacuum control shuttle 338 is laterally sized to bridge the longitudinallyopen trough 310 with an L-shapedconnector 341 attached to an undersurface of thevacuum control shuttle 338 sized to reside within thelongitudinal trough 310 and to extend its vertical and proximal portion below thelongitudinal trough 310 to attach to the distal end of thevacuum actuating portion 326 of thevalve control rod 325. - A
straw holder 342 of thestraw assembly 72 includes adistal sleeve 344 with aleftward projection 346 near its distal end and attached at its proximal left edge to anelongate splint member 348 having a midpointindented feature 350 and attached along its proximal rightward surface to aproximal sleeve 352. Astraw 354 is received through theproximal sleeve 352, to the right of theelongate splint member 348, through thedistal sleeve 344, and on through a reardynamic seal 356 attached to a proximal end of thecutter gear 62, and into thecutter tube 36. Asupport plate 358 traversely fastened to an aft surface of theprobe support body 60 has a downwardlyopen notch 360 that allows connection of the proximal 90 degree fitting 319 and passage of the distalvacuum pump rod 317. Anupper guide hole 362 receives theproximal sleeve 352 of thestraw holder 342. - A
straw hook wire 364 keeps thestraw assembly 72 in place upon theprobe support body 60 prior to engagement with thereusable handpiece 12. A curled lower right end passes intoleftwardly opening 365 along the top right surface of theproximal block portion 316 of theprobe support body 60 into asmall mounting block 366 extending upwardly from a right side with a downwardly inserted pin 368 passing through the curled lower right end to hold thestraw hook wire 364 in place. Thestraw hook wire 364 has a horizontal portion attached to the curled end that passes under thestraw 354 andelongate splint member 348, bending upward within the midpointindented feature 350 and then bending leftward and horizontally again through alateral slot 370 in a verticalwire support member 372 formed onto a left side of the top surface of the proximal block.portion 316. It should be appreciated that engagement of thereusable handpiece 12 forces the left portions of thestraw hook wire 364 out of engagement with the midpointindented feature 350 as a rib feature 373 (FIG. 9 ) deflects the left portion of thestraw hook wire 364. Thus, translation of theaft carriage 136 may cause translation of thestraw assembly 72. - With further reference to
FIG. 15 , proximal to thevacuum control shuttle 338, avacuum pump shuttle 374 is also laterally sized to bridge thelongitudinal trough 310 with an integral lower central portion sized to reside within thelongitudinal trough 310 and to attach to a distal end of thevacuum pump rod 317. A backward projectinglocking arm 376 attached to a left side of thevacuum pump shuttle 374 has an inwardproximal hook 378 that is resiliently inwardly biased. Thetop extension member 59 has an afthorizontal surface 382 sized to overlay a distal canister support structure 384 (FIG. 16 ) attached to an upper canister portion 386 (FIG. 16 ) of thevacuum syringe assembly 18. Thetop extension member 59 also has a righthorizontal surface 386 and a lefthorizontal surface 388 extending forward from the distal corners of the afthorizontal surface 382 that surround the top surface of theprobe support body 60 covering the gap to the top edges of thebottom cover 48. Right and leftlegs horizontal surface 386 and afthorizontal surface 382 and the juncture between the lefthorizontal surface 388 and the afthorizontal surface 382. Along an inner surface of the lefthorizontal surface 388, a kick-outridge 394 extends upwardly, longitudinally positioned to coincide with full distal travel of thevacuum pump shuttle 374, which coincides with an initial condition of thedisposable probe assembly 14 with thestraw assembly 72 locked forward by thestraw hook wire 364 and theside aperture 20 of theprobe cannula 22 closed by thecutter tube 36. - With particular reference to
FIG. 16 , thevacuum syringe assembly 18 is configured to respond to longitudinal translation of the distalvacuum pump rod 317. In particular, thecanister support structure 384 includes aright rail bracket 396 and aleft rail bracket 398, joined at their proximal ends to one another and to an upper portion of a distalcircular face 400 of theupper canister portion 386 with a distally and vertically openlongitudinal guide slot 402 defined between therail brackets connection block 404 with a transverse cross section similar to a cloverleaf with a narrowed upper lobe translates between the distalcircular face 400 and right and left down-turned mountingsurfaces rail brackets probe support body 60. - An upper narrowed
projection 410 of theconnection block 404 is fastened to a proximal end of the distal vacuum pump rod 317 (FIG. 18 ) and shaped to slide within theguide slot 402. Ahole 412 centered on the distalcircular face 400 is aligned with a smalllower protuberance 414 of theconnection block 404. A proximalvacuum pump rod 416 is attached to a proximal side of the smalllower protuberance 414 and passes through thehole 412 and on through a dynamic O-ring seal 418 within aneck 420 of aseal cup 422 that is fastened to the proximal side of the distalcircular face 400 of theupper canister portion 386. The proximal end of the proximalvacuum pump rod 416 passes on through avacuum pump cylinder 424 whosebottle neck 426 and distal portion fits within theseal cup 422. Lateral sides of thevacuum pump cylinder 424 are closely encompassed by fastening together theupper container portion 386 to alower canister portion 428 with a proximal circular opening closed by a canister end cap. 430 (FIG. 2 ). - With particular reference to
FIGS. 16 and 18 , a proximal end of the proximalvacuum pump rod 416 passes through acentral hole 431 in atension plunger seal 432, partially through an enlarged distalcentral hole 433 in atension plunger body 434 that proximally communicates with a smaller proximalcentral hole 435 too small for the proximalvacuum pump rod 416. Awasher 436, centered on a proximal face of thetension plunger body 434, is held on by asmall bolt 438 that passes distally into the smaller proximalcentral hole 435 and is threaded into the proximalvacuum pump rod 416. The canister ninety-degree fitting 334 passes through abottom hole 440 in thelower canister portion 428. With particular reference toFIG. 18 , an O-ring 442 between thelower canister portion 428 and thevacuum pump cylinder 424 form a static seal between thebottom hole 440 and an aligned distalbottom hole 446 to communicate with a variable volume vacuum cavity 448 whose volume is dictated by the longitudinal position of asyringe plunger assembly 450 formed by the combination of the tension plunger seal andbody - In use, in
FIG. 18 , thedisposable biopsy assembly 14 is in an initial condition with thecutter gear 62 distally positioned, which closes theside aperture 20 in theprobe cannula 22 for insertion (FIG. 19 ). In addition, the underlyingvacuum control shuttle 338 is at its distal position, moving thevalve control rod 325 distally to the first position with the atmospheric air made available through thedistal port 322 to thecentral port 320 to thelateral lumen 44 of theprobe cannula 22. Thevacuum pump shuttle 374 is distally positioned behind thevacuum control shuttle 338 in its most distal position drawing distally the distalvacuum pump rod 317,connection block 404, proximalvacuum pump rod 416, and finally thevacuum syringe plunger 450 to an unactuated state. In addition, thestraw assembly 72 is also distally advanced with thestraw 354 inserted through thecutter tube 36. - In
FIG. 19 , thereusable handpiece 12 is mounted onto thedisposable probe assembly 14 in the same state asFIG. 18 . The front (cutter)carriage 134 of thereusable handpiece 12 engages thecutter gear 62 for longitudinal movement, as well as extending downwardly projectingfront actuation finger 206 into engagement with the upwardlyopen socket 336 of thevacuum control shuttle 338. The aft (straw)carriage 136 of thereusable handpiece 12 engages thestraw assembly 72 for longitudinal movement, as presenting the downwardly projectingaft actuation finger 212 toleftward projection 346 of thestraw assembly 72. With thebiopsy device 10 thus prepared, the piercingtip 26 is inserted into tissue with theside aperture 20 placed beside asuspicious lesion 452. - In
FIG. 20 , thereusable handpiece 12 prepares thedisposable probe assembly 14 by rotating thetranslation shaft 130 in the direction that retracts theaft carriage 136 whose threaded bore 176 is engaged to the aft threadedportion 172 while thefront carriage 134 free wheels on thedistal overrun portion 162, which causes thestraw 354 to retract within thecutter tube 36. As theaft carriage 136 approaches its proximal most position, theaft carriage 136 reaches the full travel of thecarriage limiting rod 182, which thus pulls the threaded bore 168 of thefront carriage 134 onto the front threadedportion 166, overcoming the bias of thelong compression spring 188 on thecarriage limiting rod 182. - In
FIG. 21 , continued rotation of thetranslation shaft 130 with theaft carriage 136 free wheeling on theproximal overrun portion 174 causes thefront carriage 134 to retract to thecenter overrun portion 164 and freewheel, while proximally moving thevacuum control shuttle 338 and thus moving thevacuum control rod 325 proximally to the second position with thelateral lumen 44 communicating through thecentral port 320 to theproximal port 321 to the variable volume vacuum cavity 448 of thevacuum syringe assembly 18 which increases in volume as thevacuum pump shuttle 374 is driven aft by thevacuum control shuttle 338. A sample indicator (not shown) located within thestraw assembly 72 closes the lumen within thestraw 354, resulting in a low pressure (“vacuum”) as compared to atmospheric pressure within thelateral lumen 44. This low pressure is presented to theside aperture 20 as thecutter tube 36 retracts, passing throughinternal holes 453 passing between the lateral andcutter lumens side aperture 20, prolapsing a portion of thesuspicious lesion 452 into thecutter lumen 46. The backward projectinglocking arm 376 of thevacuum pump shuttle 374 engages the downwardly projectingaft actuation finger 212 of theaft carriage 136. - In
FIG. 22 , with thevacuum pump shuttle 374 thus held to keep vacuum assistance available, thefront carriage 134 is distally translated by rotation of thetranslation shaft 130 in the opposite direction. In particular, thelong compression spring 188 on thecarriage limiting rod 182 urges the threaded bore 168 of thefront carriage 134 into engagement with the front threadedportion 166 while the bias from thelong compression spring 188 also biases theaft carriage 136 to remain free wheeling on theproximal overrun portion 174. Although not shown inFIG. 22 , it should be appreciated that therotation shaft 128 is rotating thecutter gear 62 and thus thecutter tube 36 in a ratio related to the rate of translation. When thefront carriage 134 reaches full distal travel, thevacuum control shuttle 338 switches thevacuum control rod 325 to the first position that vents thelateral lumen 44 to the atmosphere while thestraw assembly 72 maintains a residual vacuum behind asevered tissue sample 454 in thecutter lumen 46. The differential pressure on thesample 454 assists in retracting thesample 454. In particular, as thecarriage limiting rod 182 reaches full separation between thecarriages aft carriage 136 is drawn onto the aft threadedportion 172 to distally translate both thevacuum pump shuttle 374 and thestraw assembly 72 so that thestraw 354 encompasses the severedtissue sample 454 with thebiopsy device 10 returned to the position ofFIG. 19 . Operation as described forFIG. 20 retracts thesample 454 preparing the device for repositioning as desired and the taking of another core biopsy sample. - It should be appreciated that any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein, will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.
- While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art, given the benefit of the present disclosure, that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous variations, changes, and substitutions will now occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
- While advantageous sequencing allows vacuum to be stored and used in relation to two carriages, applications consistent with the present invention may include other operable coupling of a motor contained in a hand-held proximal portion of a biopsy device, such as coupling the motor to turn a vacuum pump that evacuates a fixed volume vacuum accumulator. As another example, the motor may wind up a reel that positions a plunger of a vacuum syringe.
- As another example, for imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the power supplies, control circuitry and motor may be selected from technologies that are inherently immune to a strong magnetic field and/or shielded to avoid transmission of radio frequency (RF) interference that may create artifacts in the diagnostic images. Alternatively or in addition, certain components may be remote to the hand-held device such as the DC motor connected by a mechanical drive cable.
- As yet another example, instead of segregating the vacuum syringe assembly to the disposable probe assembly, a vacuum container that is evacuated or otherwise causes to contain a low pressure by a motor-driven mechanism may be part of a reusable handpiece with pneumatic conduits that communicate to a probe assembly.
Claims (18)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/465,143 US7828748B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-08-17 | Vacuum syringe assisted biopsy device |
AU2007203248A AU2007203248B2 (en) | 2006-08-17 | 2007-07-12 | Vacuum syringe assisted biopsy device |
CA2597847A CA2597847C (en) | 2006-08-17 | 2007-08-16 | Vacuum syringe assisted biopsy device |
CN2007101419065A CN101125093B (en) | 2006-08-17 | 2007-08-16 | Vacuum syringe assisted biopsy device |
DE602007001313T DE602007001313D1 (en) | 2006-08-17 | 2007-08-16 | Biopsy device with vacuum-based bleeding control |
ES07253220T ES2326138T3 (en) | 2006-08-17 | 2007-08-16 | BIOPSY DEVICE WITH VACUUM ASSISTED BLEEDING CONTROL. |
EP07253220A EP1889573B1 (en) | 2006-08-17 | 2007-08-16 | Biopsy device with vacuum assisted bleeding control |
US13/507,652 USRE46135E1 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2012-07-16 | Vacuum syringe assisted biopsy device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/198,558 US7867173B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2005-08-05 | Biopsy device with replaceable probe and incorporating vibration insertion assist and static vacuum source sample stacking retrieval |
US11/465,143 US7828748B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-08-17 | Vacuum syringe assisted biopsy device |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/198,558 Continuation-In-Part US7867173B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2005-08-05 | Biopsy device with replaceable probe and incorporating vibration insertion assist and static vacuum source sample stacking retrieval |
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US13/507,652 Reissue USRE46135E1 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2012-07-16 | Vacuum syringe assisted biopsy device |
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US7828748B2 US7828748B2 (en) | 2010-11-09 |
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US (1) | US7828748B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1889573B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101125093B (en) |
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CA (1) | CA2597847C (en) |
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ES (1) | ES2326138T3 (en) |
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AU2007203248B2 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
EP1889573B1 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
AU2007203248A1 (en) | 2008-03-06 |
CN101125093B (en) | 2010-12-01 |
DE602007001313D1 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
US7828748B2 (en) | 2010-11-09 |
CN101125093A (en) | 2008-02-20 |
EP1889573A1 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
CA2597847C (en) | 2017-05-02 |
CA2597847A1 (en) | 2008-02-17 |
ES2326138T3 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
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