US20080081152A1 - Polymer-backed roll roofing sheet - Google Patents
Polymer-backed roll roofing sheet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080081152A1 US20080081152A1 US11/540,984 US54098406A US2008081152A1 US 20080081152 A1 US20080081152 A1 US 20080081152A1 US 54098406 A US54098406 A US 54098406A US 2008081152 A1 US2008081152 A1 US 2008081152A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- roofing
- backing film
- roofing product
- modified bitumen
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
- E04D5/10—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of compounded or laminated materials, e.g. metal foils or plastic films coated with bitumen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/10—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
- Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
Definitions
- the present invention relates to roofing materials, and, more specifically, to a roll roofing sheet especially adapted for installation on flat and low-pitch roofing structures.
- Asphalt roofing has wide popularity and can be made in many forms and compositions to provide it with different desirable properties, depending upon the application. For example, it may be reinforced using different fabric mat materials, such as fiberglass, polyester or other natural and synthetic materials.
- the asphalt may be modified by incorporating other compositions, such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) or atactic polypropylene (APP).
- SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
- APP atactic polypropylene
- Asphalt roofing material may be made in a variety of forms including shingles of various shapes and sizes, as well as continuous sheets of roofing material commonly referred to as “roll roofing sheets.”
- Modified bitumen membranes i.e., asphalt mixed with chemical modifiers
- BUR built-up roofing
- a waterproof base roll roofing sheet is spread over a roof deck.
- the base roll roofing sheet may be covered by one or more intermediate waterproof roll roofing sheets secured to each other by, for instance, melted hot-mopped asphalt.
- the uppermost roll roofing sheet is typically called the cap sheet.
- state or local regulations require that the exposed portions of all cap sheets meet certain minimum standards for reflectivity, typically those standards which fall under the Energy Star® criteria.
- the standards may be met by providing the cap sheet with a white reflective coating that is applied to the cap sheet at the factory, as is described in co-pending, co-owned U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2005/0257875, 2005/0261407, and 2005/0261409, which are incorporated herein by reference.
- the side which has been coated white i.e., the “front” or “top” meets, or exceeds, the Energy Star® reflectivity criteria.
- the opposite side of the cap sheet i.e., the “back” or “bottom” side
- the opposite side of the cap sheet is still somewhat tacky, and partially transfers to the front side, diminishing the reflectivity of the front side when the cap sheet is rolled for shipment and/or storage.
- Sand or talc from the back side of the membrane degrades the reflective surface, with the degree of degradation increasing in direct proportion to the amount of time that the membrane is stored in its rolled configuration.
- the reflective coating may be further degraded during installation of the cap sheet.
- the cap sheet will be installed by a two-person team using hot asphalt (i.e., “the hot mop” process).
- the asphalt is heated in kettles at the work site to temperatures of about 350° C. to about 450° C.
- One person spreads the molten asphalt onto the membrane to be covered and the other person rolls the cap sheet over the asphalt.
- the hot asphalt fuses adjacent layers.
- sand or talc remains loosely adhered to the reflective surface, where it presents a slipping hazard to the workers.
- the act of brushing the sand or talc off the top of the cap sheet for collection and removal further degrades the reflective surface.
- the present invention overcomes the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art discussed above by providing a roofing product which includes a roll roofing sheet having a backing film adhered to one side thereof.
- the backing film inhibits the transfer of material to an opposite side of the roll roofing sheet.
- the backing film is miscible with the adherent substance.
- the backing film can be made from a combination of a low density polypropylene (LDPP) and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA).
- LDPP low density polypropylene
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
- the proportion of LDPP to EVA can range from 20%-80% LDPP to 20%-80% EVA with a preferred ratio of about 60% EVA to 40% LDPP.
- the adherent substance can be either hot asphalt or an adhesive/solvent mixture.
- the adherent substance is hot asphalt, the backing film melts and merges with the hot asphalt.
- the adherent substance is an adhesive/solvent mixture, the backing film dissolves into the adhesive/solvent mixture.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a built-up roof constructed using a cap sheet in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-section of the cap sheet shown schematically in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a procedure flow diagram of a process for manufacturing a roll roofing cap sheet in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for applying and adhering a backing film to the cap sheet shown schematically in FIG. 1 .
- a structural deck 12 is covered by a waterproof base roll roofing sheet 14 .
- the base roll roofing sheet 14 may be covered by one or more intermediate waterproof roll roofing sheets 16 .
- the uppermost roll roofing sheet in a BUR is cap sheet 18 .
- the roll roofing sheets 14 , 16 , 18 may be secured to each other by melted hot-mopped asphalt 20 , or by using a torch to fuse the membranes.
- the cap sheet 18 is in the form of a layered modified bitumen membrane. More particularly, the cap sheet 18 includes a fiberglass or polyester reinforcing mat 22 , which is sandwiched between and bonded to a top layer 24 and a bottom layer 26 . Numerous granules 28 are embedded in the top layer 24 . The granules 28 are produced, for example, from crushed stone, ceramic or other hard, finely divided materials and each one is coated with a reflective coating 30 . A backing film 32 is adhered to the bottom layer 26 .
- the top layer 24 and the bottom layer 26 are formed from modified bitumen, such as SBS or APP.
- modified bitumen such as SBS or APP.
- APP membranes atactic polypropylene modified bitumen
- SBS membranes Styrene-butadiene-styrene modified bitumen membranes
- the SBS membranes are generally more rubbery and easier to handle than the APP membranes, and have lower melting points. It is strongly preferred that SBS membranes be used for the top layer 24 and the bottom layer 26 , rather than APP membranes.
- the fabrication process and layered roll roofing sheets discussed herein with respect to SBS membranes can be applied, with a few obvious modifications, to APP membranes, or other membranes based on modified bitumen.
- the backing film 32 is made from a combination of a low density polypropylene (LDPP) and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA).
- LDPP low density polypropylene
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
- the proportion of LDPP to EVA can range from 20%-80% LDPP to 20%-80% EVA with a preferred ratio of about 60% EVA to 40% LDPP.
- the backing film 32 could be made from other polymeric materials, such as linear low density films like PET (polyethyleneterephthalate) films, vinyl films, or a combination of low density and high density films, including, but not limited to PET, HDPE, HDPP, LDPP, LDPE, and EVA, as is known in the art.
- the objective in selecting a material or a combination of materials is to give the backing film 32 an overall melting point of approximately that of the hot-mopped BUR asphalt 20 (see FIG. 1 ), which is preferably about 105° C. This allows the backing film 32 to melt and mix with the melted BUR asphalt 20 upon contact, solidifying in union with the BUR asphalt 20 as both cool below their respective melting points to thereby form a solid bond merged interface joining the two layers.
- the backing film 32 comes in a sheet that is preferably about 40.25 inches wide with a tolerance range of about 39.75 inches to about 42 inches.
- the backing film 32 has a thickness of preferably about 0.45 mils with a tolerance range of about 0.3 mil to about 1.0 mil.
- the backing film 32 can be obtained pre-made from a manufacturer such as Pliant Corporation of Schaumberg, Ill., USA which can be found at the web site www.pliantcorp.com.
- the cap sheet 18 of FIG. 2 can be conventionally fabricated in a sequence of steps on a roofing machine, such as the one shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 .
- fiberglass or polyester mat material 34 is provided to mat unwinder stand and splicer apparatus 36 , which produces a continuous woven mat or felt 38 , thereby forming a fibrous reinforcement for the roofing material to be produced.
- asphalt 40 , modifying polymers 42 , and optional mineral stabilizers 44 are added to a mixing tank 46 from which liquefied modified asphalt 48 issues and which is directed to impregnation vat 50 .
- the impregnation vat 50 receives the continuous mat 38 , which is dipped into the liquefied modified asphalt 48 in the vat 50 , thereby producing an asphalt impregnated mat 54 .
- granule application station 56 granules 58 are distributed onto the asphalt impregnated mat 54 producing a granule-faced roofing material 60 .
- the granules 58 will embed into the surface of the asphalt impregnated mat 54 due to the temperature of the asphalt and its softened state at high temperatures.
- the granule-faced roofing material 60 is then fed through water cooling trays 62 to lower the temperature of the asphalt for further processing and to lock the applied granules 58 onto the surface of the mat 54 .
- the roofing material 64 After leaving the water cooling tray 62 , the roofing material 64 has a backing film 66 applied at a backing applicator station 68 to be discussed hereinbelow with reference to FIG. 4 .
- the roofing material 64 is then further cooled and dried by air knives and/or cooling fans 70 .
- the roofing material 64 After its accumulation on a finish looper (accumulator) 72 , the roofing material 64 is fed to a roll winder/cutter 74 to produce the finished roofing material 76 in the form of roll roofing which is then placed in storage 78 .
- the backing film 66 is applied to the mat 54 at the backing applicator station 68 using a two-roll mill apparatus 80 , which includes a film roller 82 and a tension roller 84 acting in conjunction with conveyor rollers 86 of the roofing machine shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 .
- the backing film 66 is un-rolled from the film roller 82 onto the mat 54 in the opposite direction of movement (see arrow) of the mat 54 as the mat 54 is rolled over the conveyer rollers 86 .
- the tension roller 84 pushes the backing film 66 onto the surface of the mat 54 .
- the backing film 66 sticks naturally to the mat 54 since the material of the mat is still hot at this point in the manufacturing process.
- the tension roller 84 thus guides the backing film 66 over and onto the entire surface area of the mat 54 .
- the present invention is adapted for other techniques for constructing built-up roofs. For instance, bitumen layers and a cap sheet can be adhered together with adhesives mixed with solvents (combined aromatic and aliphatic), instead of with melted asphalt.
- the composition of the backing film remains the same as when melted hot-mopped asphalt is used. However, instead of melting and merging with the hot asphalt, the backing film dissolves into the adhesive/solvent mixture, thereby forming a mechanical bond between the uppermost bitumen layer and the cap sheet.
- the solvent present in the adhesive/solvent mixture can be either aromatic or aliphatic. In one preferred embodiment, the solvent constitutes about 15%-25% by weight of the adhesive/solvent mixture.
- the adhesive can be any traditional asphaltic adhesive as is known in the art, provided it can be applied to the backing film at a temperature which starts at 45° C. and rises.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to roofing materials, and, more specifically, to a roll roofing sheet especially adapted for installation on flat and low-pitch roofing structures.
- Over the years, various types of roofing materials and roofing systems have been developed and used to meet the demands of commercial and residential buildings with varying roof pitches ranging from flat to steeply pitched. Each type of material (e.g., stone, ceramic, wood, metal, rubber and asphalt/bitumen) has benefits and limitations in performing its intended function.
- Asphalt roofing has wide popularity and can be made in many forms and compositions to provide it with different desirable properties, depending upon the application. For example, it may be reinforced using different fabric mat materials, such as fiberglass, polyester or other natural and synthetic materials. The asphalt may be modified by incorporating other compositions, such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) or atactic polypropylene (APP). Asphalt roofing material may be made in a variety of forms including shingles of various shapes and sizes, as well as continuous sheets of roofing material commonly referred to as “roll roofing sheets.”
- Modified bitumen membranes (i.e., asphalt mixed with chemical modifiers) were developed in Europe during the late 1960's for roofing applications and found a market in the United States in the 1980's. These products are an important part of the roofing industry, in that they are necessary components of built-up roofing (“BUR”), which is the preferred roofing type for commercial buildings. The membranes are provided in rolls as roll roofing sheets with a size and weight permitting manual handling, whereby they can be rolled out over an area of the roof that is to be covered.
- During installation, a waterproof base roll roofing sheet is spread over a roof deck. The base roll roofing sheet may be covered by one or more intermediate waterproof roll roofing sheets secured to each other by, for instance, melted hot-mopped asphalt. The uppermost roll roofing sheet is typically called the cap sheet.
- In some parts of the country (e.g., in California and other southwestern states), state or local regulations require that the exposed portions of all cap sheets meet certain minimum standards for reflectivity, typically those standards which fall under the Energy Star® criteria. The standards may be met by providing the cap sheet with a white reflective coating that is applied to the cap sheet at the factory, as is described in co-pending, co-owned U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2005/0257875, 2005/0261407, and 2005/0261409, which are incorporated herein by reference. When the cap sheet comes off the production line, the side which has been coated white (i.e., the “front” or “top”) meets, or exceeds, the Energy Star® reflectivity criteria. Typically, however, the opposite side of the cap sheet (i.e., the “back” or “bottom” side) is still somewhat tacky, and partially transfers to the front side, diminishing the reflectivity of the front side when the cap sheet is rolled for shipment and/or storage. It is common to coat the non-reflective side of the cap sheet with sand or talc to prevent the cap sheet from sticking to the machinery used in the manufacturing process, as well as for preventing transfer of material between the front and back sides when rolled. Sand or talc from the back side of the membrane degrades the reflective surface, with the degree of degradation increasing in direct proportion to the amount of time that the membrane is stored in its rolled configuration.
- The reflective coating may be further degraded during installation of the cap sheet. Most commonly, the cap sheet will be installed by a two-person team using hot asphalt (i.e., “the hot mop” process). The asphalt is heated in kettles at the work site to temperatures of about 350° C. to about 450° C. One person spreads the molten asphalt onto the membrane to be covered and the other person rolls the cap sheet over the asphalt. The hot asphalt fuses adjacent layers. When the cap sheet membrane is unrolled, sand or talc remains loosely adhered to the reflective surface, where it presents a slipping hazard to the workers. The act of brushing the sand or talc off the top of the cap sheet for collection and removal further degrades the reflective surface. If the sand or talc were to be left on the cap sheet, it would interfere with the reflectivity of the cap sheet and promote weathering of the reflective surface. In the foregoing circumstances, it remains an objective to maximally preserve the reflectivity of the cap sheet without burdensome changes in the methods used to produce or install the membrane.
- The present invention overcomes the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art discussed above by providing a roofing product which includes a roll roofing sheet having a backing film adhered to one side thereof. When the roofing sheet is in the form of a roll, the backing film inhibits the transfer of material to an opposite side of the roll roofing sheet. When the roofing sheet is unrolled and applied to a roof using an adherent substance, the backing film is miscible with the adherent substance. By way of example, the backing film can be made from a combination of a low density polypropylene (LDPP) and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA). The proportion of LDPP to EVA can range from 20%-80% LDPP to 20%-80% EVA with a preferred ratio of about 60% EVA to 40% LDPP.
- The adherent substance can be either hot asphalt or an adhesive/solvent mixture. When the adherent substance is hot asphalt, the backing film melts and merges with the hot asphalt. When the adherent substance is an adhesive/solvent mixture, the backing film dissolves into the adhesive/solvent mixture.
- For a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a built-up roof constructed using a cap sheet in accordance with the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-section of the cap sheet shown schematically inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a procedure flow diagram of a process for manufacturing a roll roofing cap sheet in accordance with the present invention; and -
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for applying and adhering a backing film to the cap sheet shown schematically inFIG. 1 . - As shown in
FIG. 1 , in atypical BUR installation 10, astructural deck 12 is covered by a waterproof baseroll roofing sheet 14. The baseroll roofing sheet 14 may be covered by one or more intermediate waterproofroll roofing sheets 16. The uppermost roll roofing sheet in a BUR iscap sheet 18. Theroll roofing sheets asphalt 20, or by using a torch to fuse the membranes. - With reference to
FIG. 2 , thecap sheet 18 is in the form of a layered modified bitumen membrane. More particularly, thecap sheet 18 includes a fiberglass orpolyester reinforcing mat 22, which is sandwiched between and bonded to atop layer 24 and abottom layer 26.Numerous granules 28 are embedded in thetop layer 24. Thegranules 28 are produced, for example, from crushed stone, ceramic or other hard, finely divided materials and each one is coated with areflective coating 30. Abacking film 32 is adhered to thebottom layer 26. - The
top layer 24 and thebottom layer 26 are formed from modified bitumen, such as SBS or APP. At present, about 60% of modified bitumen roll roofing sheets used in the roofing industry are based on atactic polypropylene modified bitumen (“APP membranes”). Styrene-butadiene-styrene modified bitumen membranes (“SBS membranes”) account for substantially all of the remainder of commercial roofing applications. The SBS membranes are generally more rubbery and easier to handle than the APP membranes, and have lower melting points. It is strongly preferred that SBS membranes be used for thetop layer 24 and thebottom layer 26, rather than APP membranes. However, the fabrication process and layered roll roofing sheets discussed herein with respect to SBS membranes can be applied, with a few obvious modifications, to APP membranes, or other membranes based on modified bitumen. - The
backing film 32 is made from a combination of a low density polypropylene (LDPP) and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA). The proportion of LDPP to EVA can range from 20%-80% LDPP to 20%-80% EVA with a preferred ratio of about 60% EVA to 40% LDPP. Thebacking film 32 could be made from other polymeric materials, such as linear low density films like PET (polyethyleneterephthalate) films, vinyl films, or a combination of low density and high density films, including, but not limited to PET, HDPE, HDPP, LDPP, LDPE, and EVA, as is known in the art. The objective in selecting a material or a combination of materials is to give thebacking film 32 an overall melting point of approximately that of the hot-mopped BUR asphalt 20 (seeFIG. 1 ), which is preferably about 105° C. This allows thebacking film 32 to melt and mix with the meltedBUR asphalt 20 upon contact, solidifying in union with theBUR asphalt 20 as both cool below their respective melting points to thereby form a solid bond merged interface joining the two layers. Thebacking film 32 comes in a sheet that is preferably about 40.25 inches wide with a tolerance range of about 39.75 inches to about 42 inches. Thebacking film 32 has a thickness of preferably about 0.45 mils with a tolerance range of about 0.3 mil to about 1.0 mil. Thebacking film 32 can be obtained pre-made from a manufacturer such as Pliant Corporation of Schaumberg, Ill., USA which can be found at the web site www.pliantcorp.com. - The
cap sheet 18 ofFIG. 2 can be conventionally fabricated in a sequence of steps on a roofing machine, such as the one shown diagrammatically inFIG. 3 . With continuing reference toFIG. 3 , fiberglass orpolyester mat material 34 is provided to mat unwinder stand andsplicer apparatus 36, which produces a continuous woven mat or felt 38, thereby forming a fibrous reinforcement for the roofing material to be produced. Simultaneously,asphalt 40, modifyingpolymers 42, andoptional mineral stabilizers 44 are added to amixing tank 46 from which liquefied modifiedasphalt 48 issues and which is directed toimpregnation vat 50. Theimpregnation vat 50 receives thecontinuous mat 38, which is dipped into the liquefied modifiedasphalt 48 in thevat 50, thereby producing an asphalt impregnatedmat 54. At thegranule application station 56,granules 58 are distributed onto the asphalt impregnatedmat 54 producing a granule-facedroofing material 60. Thegranules 58 will embed into the surface of the asphalt impregnatedmat 54 due to the temperature of the asphalt and its softened state at high temperatures. The granule-facedroofing material 60 is then fed throughwater cooling trays 62 to lower the temperature of the asphalt for further processing and to lock the appliedgranules 58 onto the surface of themat 54. After leaving thewater cooling tray 62, theroofing material 64 has abacking film 66 applied at abacking applicator station 68 to be discussed hereinbelow with reference toFIG. 4 . Theroofing material 64 is then further cooled and dried by air knives and/or coolingfans 70. After its accumulation on a finish looper (accumulator) 72, theroofing material 64 is fed to a roll winder/cutter 74 to produce the finished roofing material 76 in the form of roll roofing which is then placed instorage 78. - With reference to
FIGS. 3 and 4 , thebacking film 66 is applied to themat 54 at thebacking applicator station 68 using a two-roll mill apparatus 80, which includes afilm roller 82 and atension roller 84 acting in conjunction withconveyor rollers 86 of the roofing machine shown diagrammatically inFIG. 3 . Thebacking film 66 is un-rolled from thefilm roller 82 onto themat 54 in the opposite direction of movement (see arrow) of themat 54 as themat 54 is rolled over theconveyer rollers 86. Thetension roller 84 pushes thebacking film 66 onto the surface of themat 54. Thebacking film 66 sticks naturally to themat 54 since the material of the mat is still hot at this point in the manufacturing process. Thetension roller 84 thus guides thebacking film 66 over and onto the entire surface area of themat 54. - The present invention is adapted for other techniques for constructing built-up roofs. For instance, bitumen layers and a cap sheet can be adhered together with adhesives mixed with solvents (combined aromatic and aliphatic), instead of with melted asphalt. The composition of the backing film remains the same as when melted hot-mopped asphalt is used. However, instead of melting and merging with the hot asphalt, the backing film dissolves into the adhesive/solvent mixture, thereby forming a mechanical bond between the uppermost bitumen layer and the cap sheet. The solvent present in the adhesive/solvent mixture can be either aromatic or aliphatic. In one preferred embodiment, the solvent constitutes about 15%-25% by weight of the adhesive/solvent mixture. The adhesive can be any traditional asphaltic adhesive as is known in the art, provided it can be applied to the backing film at a temperature which starts at 45° C. and rises.
- This invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. For instance, the present invention can be used in other types of roofing, such as APP, SBS, and SEBS modified roofing membranes. These and other variations and modifications are included in the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (1)
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US11/540,984 US20080081152A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2006-09-28 | Polymer-backed roll roofing sheet |
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US11/540,984 US20080081152A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2006-09-28 | Polymer-backed roll roofing sheet |
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US20080081152A1 true US20080081152A1 (en) | 2008-04-03 |
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US11/540,984 Abandoned US20080081152A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2006-09-28 | Polymer-backed roll roofing sheet |
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Cited By (8)
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CN105398122A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽助成信息科技有限公司 | SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material with anti-ageing layer |
US9803085B2 (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2017-10-31 | Wright Asphalt Products Company | System and method for high throughput preparation of rubber-modified asphalt cement |
KR20170129280A (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2017-11-24 | 애브리 데니슨 코포레이션 | Temporary outdoor graphic film |
CN108659299A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-10-16 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of drainable waterproofing plate composition and the method for preparing drainable waterproofing plate |
US10233120B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2019-03-19 | Wright Advanced Asphalt Systems | System and method for pre-treatment of rubber-modified asphalt cement, and emulsions thereof |
US20200399904A1 (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-24 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Roofing underlayment with hydrophobic nonwoven core |
US11028590B1 (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-06-08 | Building Materials Investment Corporation | Roofing system with changeable decorative elements |
US11866940B2 (en) | 2021-02-10 | 2024-01-09 | Bmic Llc | Roofing systems utilizing embedded decorative layer |
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