US20080137289A1 - Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same - Google Patents
Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080137289A1 US20080137289A1 US11/608,378 US60837806A US2008137289A1 US 20080137289 A1 US20080137289 A1 US 20080137289A1 US 60837806 A US60837806 A US 60837806A US 2008137289 A1 US2008137289 A1 US 2008137289A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pleumo
- thermal management
- management system
- jet
- flexible
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/20—Cooling means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
- Y10S165/908—Fluid jets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
- Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A thermal management system for an embedded environment is described. The thermal management system includes a pleumo-jet that has at least one wall defining a chamber, at least one piezoelectric device on the at least one wall, and a compliant material within the at least one wall and encompassing the chamber. The compliant material has at least one opening providing fluid communication between said chamber and the embedded environment. A cooling system is also described. A method for making a pleumo-jet is also described.
Description
- The invention relates generally to thermal management systems, and more particularly to thermal management systems for use in embedded environments.
- Environments having embedded electronic systems, hereinafter embedded environments or heated environments, offer challenges for thermal management. Such systems produce waste heat as a part of their normal operation, heat that must be removed for proper performance and reliability of the embedded electronics. The design of thermal management systems to provide cooling for embedded electronics is a formidable challenge due to space limitations. Examples of embedded electronic systems include single board computers, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), operator interface computers, laptop computers, cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), personal pocket computers, and other small electronic devices, there is a limited amount of available space for thermal management systems. It has been known to use passive cooled heat sinks or forced air-cooling as thermal management systems to assist in the removal of heat from electronic components. Further, it has been known that conducting the heat generated by electronic components to a printed circuit board, on which they are mounted, thereby providing a migration of the heat from a smaller area to a larger area.
- The invention includes embodiments that relate to a thermal management system for a heated environment that includes a pleumo-jet. The pleumo-jet includes at least one wall defining a chamber, at least one active material on the at least one wall, and a compliant material within the at least one wall and encompassing the chamber. The compliant material has at least one opening facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and the heated environment.
- The invention includes embodiments that relate to a pleumo-jet that includes a first flexible structure, a second flexible structure, at least one active material on at least one of the first and second flexible structures, and a compliant material positioned between the first and second flexible structures and defining a chamber. The compliant material includes at least one orifice for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and an ambient environment.
- The invention includes embodiments that relate to a cooling system for a heated environment. The cooling system includes a substrate having one free end and one anchored end, at least one piezoelectric device positioned on the substrate, and an electrical circuit to provide an electrical current to the at least one piezoelectric device.
- The invention includes embodiments that relate to a method for making a pleumo-jet. The method includes providing a pair of flexible structures, at least one of the structures having an attached active material, attaching a compliant material between the pair of flexible structures, the elastomeric material having at least one orifice, and adding electrical contacts to the pair of flexible structures.
- These and other advantages and features will be more readily understood from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention that is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
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FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a thermal management system utilizing a pleumo-jet constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. -
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view showing the thermal management system ofFIG. 1 with the pleumo-jet in a different position. -
FIG. 3 is a top view of a thermal management system constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view of the thermal management system ofFIG. 3 taken along line IV-IV. -
FIG. 5 is a top view of a pleumo-jet constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. -
FIG. 6 is a top view of a pleumo-jet constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. -
FIG.7 is a side view of the pleumo-jet ofFIG. 6 . -
FIG. 8 is a schematic view a thermal management system utilizing a piezoelectrically driven flexible cooling apparatus constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. -
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the thermal management system ofFIG. 8 with the piezoelectrically driven flexible cooling apparatus in a different position. -
FIG. 10 illustrates process steps for forming a pleumo-jet in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. - Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 2 , there is shown athermal management system 10 that includes a pleumo-jet 12 illustrated in cross-section and placed in proximity to a printed circuit board assembly (PCA) 30 having a plurality of electronic components to be cooled 32 a-d. While aPCA 30 is depicted with reference to an embodiment of the invention, it should be appreciated that thethermal management system 10 may be utilized in any suitable embedded environment and its depiction with reference to the PCA 30 is merely for convenience in description. The PCA 30 may be used in heated environments in any number of small electronic devices, such as, for example, single board computers, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), laptop computers, cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), personal pocket computers, to name a few. The pleumo-jet 12 is sized appropriately for its use, and generally is in the meso-scale or micro-scale. - The pleumo-
jet 12 is positioned such that a pulsating fluid stream of ambient air can be generated from theapparatus 12 and directed at the electronic components to be cooled 32 a-d. As shown, inFIG. 1 , a fluid stream of ambient air, or other fluid, is directed along direction A toward the electronic component to be cooled 32 b. Alternatively, the pleumo-jet 12 may be positioned to direct a fluid stream of ambient air along direction B toward the electronic component to be cooled 32 b (FIG. 2 ). - The pleumo-
jet 12 includes a first structure orwall 14 and a second structure orwall 16. Thewalls compliant material 18 is positioned between the pair ofwalls walls compliant material 18 define achamber 20. At least oneorifice 22 provides a channel between thechamber 20 and the environment outside theapparatus 12. Although a pair ofopposing walls compliant material 18 may form a pleumo-jet, such as the pleumo-jet 12. - Positioned on at least one of the
walls active materials walls - The
active material FIG. 8 ) is attached to the pleumo-jet 12 to provide an electrical current to one or both of theactive material jet 12. -
FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate athermal management system 110 in accordance with another embodiment of the invention. Thethermal management system 110 includes a pleumo-jet system 111, which has a plurality of pleumo-jets in a stacked arrangement. As shown, the pleumo-jet system 111 includes pleumo-jets 112 a, 112 b, and 112 c in a stacked arrangement. The pleumo-jet 112 c is positioned over abase 129 and supported in that location with one ormore supports 127. The pleumo-jets 112 a, 112 b, and 112 c have a similar construction to the pleumo-jet 12 (FIGS. 1 , 2), with the optional exception of the orifices. Specifically, each of the pleumo-jets 112 a, 112 b, and 112 c includes flexible walls and a compliant material defining achamber 120, and each of the flexible walls has one or more active materials (not shown). Supports between the pleumo-jets 112 a, 112 b, and 112 c are necessary to provide sufficient room to accommodate the active materials on one or both flexible walls of each pleumo-jet. - Each pleumo-jet 112 a, 112 b, and 112 c may include a
single orifice 122 extending from thechambers 120 through the compliant material. The pleumo-jet system 111 may be arranged such that each of thesingle orifices 122 of each pleumo-jet 112 a, 112 b, and 112 c is positioned in the same direction (FIG. 4 ). Alternatively, each of thesingle orifices 122 may be positioned to direct ambient air in a different direction than the other single orifices 122 (FIG. 3 ). For any twoadjacent orifices 122, the separation between theorifices 122 may be in a range between just above zero degrees (0°) to less than ninety degrees (90°). In one embodiment,adjacent orifices 122 may be separated by a range of about 5° to about 45°. - The pleumo-jets 112 a, 112 b, and 112 c are surrounded by
fins 128, which are supported on thebase 129. Thefins 128 assist in increasing the surface area for heat transfer for cooling the electronic components 32 a-d. As with the previously described pleumo-jet 12, the pleumo-jets 112 a, 112 b, and 112 c utilize active material, for example a piezoelectric material (not shown), to form streams of ambient air. Briefly, electrical current from electrical circuitry (shown inFIG. 8 ) is received by the active material, and transformed into mechanical energy. The electrical current can take the form of a sine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, or any other suitable wave form. The voltage level for the electrical current may be between 1 and 150 volts but is not so limited. The frequency of the current may be between 2 and 300 hertz for embodiments requiring reduced noise, and between 300 hertz and 15 kilohertz for embodiments that do not require reduced noise levels. - The active material creates stress on the flexible walls, causing them to flex inwardly, resulting in a chamber volume change and an influx of ambient air into the
chambers 120, and then outwardly, thereby ejecting the ambient air from thechambers 120 via theorifices 122. - Another alternative embodiment of a pleumo-jet system is illustrated in
FIG. 5 . Specifically, a pleumo-jet system 211 is illustrated as including a base 229 supporting a pleumo-jet 212. The pleumo-jet 212 has a plurality oforifices 222, each extending outwardly in different radial directions. Anactive material 224 is shown on a surface of a flexible wall of the pleumo-jet 212. For any twoadjacent orifices 222, the separation between theorifices 222 may be in a range between just above 0° to less than 90°. In one embodiment,adjacent orifices 222 may be separated by a range of about 5° to about 45°. -
FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a pleumo-jet 312. The pleumo-jet 312 includes a first flexible wall orstructure 314, a second flexible wall orstructure 316, and acompliant material 318 positioned between theflexible walls walls compliant material 318, form a chamber (not shown).Orifices 322 extend out through thecompliant material 318 from the chamber to the ambient environment. Anactive material 324 is positioned on thewall 314, and optionally anactive material 326 may be positioned on thewall 316. The active material can be activated with an electric current provided by electrical circuitry (not shown) to create stress on the wall(s) 314 (and 316) to allow for the ingestion of ambient air into the chamber and the expulsion of the ambient air from the chamber to the ambient, heated environment. -
FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate another embodiment of a thermal management system. Athermal management system 410 is illustrated as including apiezoelectric fan apparatus 412 in working relationship with aPCA 30 containing electronic components to be cooled 32 a-d. Thepiezo fan apparatus 412 includes one free end and one end fixed to asupport member 420. The piezo fan apparatus includes asubstrate 414 and anactive material 416. Theactive material 416 may utilize, for example, a piezoceramic material. - An
electrical circuit 418 is connected to thepiezo fan apparatus 412. Running an electrical current through thepiezo fan apparatus 412 sends an electrical charge through theactive material 416. Theactive material 416 transforms the electrical energy into mechanical energy by creating a stress on thesubstrate 414, causing it to rotate about the fixed end. This creates a current of ambient air to travel in a direction C (FIG. 8 ) or in a direction D (FIG. 9 ), depending upon the positioning of thepiezo fan apparatus 412 relative to the electronic components to be cooled 32 a-d. - Next, and with specific reference to
FIG. 10 , will be discussed a process for forming a pleumo-jet in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. AtStep 500, a pair of flexible structures is provided. The flexible structures may be metallic or they may be non-metallic, such as plastic or polymer composite material. Examples of the flexible structures includeflexible walls 14, 16 (FIGS. 1 , 2) andflexible walls 314, 316 (FIGS. 6 , 7). One or both of the flexible structures require an active material that is excitable by an electrical stimulus to be affixed thereon. Suitable examples of active material includematerial 24, 26 (FIGS. 1 , 2) andmaterial 324, 326 (FIGS. 6 , 7). - At
Step 505, a compliant material is attached between the flexible structures. The compliant material may be compliant material 18 (FIGS. 1 , 2) or compliant material 318 (FIGS. 6 , 7). The compliant material is to be provided in such a form as to define a chamber between the flexible structures. One process for providing the compliant material is to dispense the compliant material in a liquid or semi-liquid form onto one of the flexible structures, placing the other conductive structure on the compliant material, and allowing the compliant material to dry. A liquid silicone-based material may be suitable for such a process. Another process for providing the compliant material is to cut the compliant material from a pre-made sheet of compliant material, and bonding the pre-made sheet of cut compliant material to the flexible structures. A pre-made silicone-based sheet of material may be suitable for this process. - At
Step 510, electrical contacts are provided to the flexible structures. Electrical circuitry will be attached to the electrical contacts. - While the invention has been described in detail in connection with only a limited number of embodiments, it should be readily understood that the invention is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. Rather, the invention can be modified to incorporate any number of variations, alterations, substitutions or equivalent arrangements not heretofore described, but which are commensurate with the spirit and scope of the invention. Additionally, while various embodiments of the invention have been described, it is to be understood that aspects of the invention may include only some of the described embodiments. Accordingly, the invention is not to be seen as limited by the foregoing description, but is only limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (29)
1. A thermal management system for a heated environment, comprising:
a pleumo-jet, comprising:
at least one wall defining a chamber;
at least one active material on said at least one wall; and
a compliant material within said at least one wall and encompassing said chamber, said compliant material having at least one opening facilitating fluid communication between said chamber and the heated environment.
2. The thermal management system of claim 1 , wherein said compliant material comprises an elastomeric material.
3. The thermal management system of claim 1 , comprising an electrical circuit to provide an electrical current to said pleumo-jet.
4. The thermal management system of claim 3 , wherein said electrical current is one exhibiting lowered harmonics.
5. The thermal management system of claim 4 , wherein said electrical current omprises a sine wave.
6. The thermal management system of claim 1 , wherein the heated environment includes single board computers, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), operator interface computers, laptop computers, cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and personal pocket computers.
7. The thermal management system of claim 1 , wherein the heated environment comprises at least one heated body.
8. The thermal management system of claim 7 , wherein said at least one opening is positioned to eject an ambient fluid directly on said at least one heated body.
9. The thermal management system of claim 8 , wherein said at least one opening is at an angle transverse to an upper surface of the at least one heated body.
10. The thermal management system of claim 1 , wherein said elastomeric material comprises a plurality of openings facilitating fluid communication between said chamber and the heated environment.
11. The thermal management system of claim 10 , wherein said at least one wall has a circular profile.
12. The thermal management system of claim 10 , wherein said at least one wall has a rectangular profile.
13. The thermal management system of claim 1 , comprising:
a base upon which said pleumo-jet is positioned; and
a plurality of fins surrounding said pleumo-jet.
14. The thermal management system of claim 13 , comprising a plurality of pleumo-jets positioned on said base in a stacked arrangement.
15. The thermal management system of claim 1 , wherein said pleumo-jet comprises a pair of walls sandwiching said elastomeric material, each of said walls having said at least one piezoelectric device.
16. A pleumo-jet, comprising:
a first flexible structure;
a second flexible structure;
at least one active material on at least one of said first and second flexible structures; and
a compliant material positioned between said first and second flexible structures and defining a chamber, wherein said compliant material comprises at least one orifice for facilitating fluid communication between said chamber and an ambient environment.
17. The pleumo-jet of claim 16 , comprising an electrical circuit to provide an electrical current to the at least one active material.
18. The pleumo-jet of claim 16 , wherein said compliant material comprises an elastomeric material.
19. The pleumo-jet of claim 16 , wherein said apparatus is no larger than meso-scale sized.
20. The pleumo-jet of claim 16 , wherein said at least one active material comprises a piezoceramic material.
21. The pleumo-jet of claim 16 , wherein said at least one active material is positioned on both of said first and second flexible structures.
22. A cooling system for a heated environment, comprising:
a substrate having one free end and one anchored end;
at least one piezoelectric device positioned on said substrate; and
an electrical circuit to provide an electrical current to the at least one piezoelectric device.
23. The cooling system of claim 22 , wherein the heated environment includes single board computers, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), operator interface computers, laptop computers, cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and personal pocket computers.
24. The cooling system of claim 22 , wherein said substrate is no larger than meso-scale sized.
25. A method for making a pleumo-jet, comprising:
providing a pair of flexible flexible structures, at least one of the structures having an attached active material;
attaching a compliant material between the pair of flexible structures, said elastomeric material having at least one orifice; and
adding electrical contacts to the pair of flexible structures.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein said providing comprises providing attached active material for each of the pair of flexible flexible structures.
27. The method of claim 25 , wherein said attaching comprises attaching an elastomeric material between the pair of flexible structures.
28. The method of claim 25 , wherein said attaching comprises:
dispensing the compliant material as a semi-liquid silicone-based material;
contacting the semi-liquid silicon-based material with one of the flexible structures; and
placing the other of the flexible structures in contact with the semi-liquid silicone-based material.
29. The method of claim 25 , wherein said attaching comprises:
forming the compliant material from a pre-made sheet of silicone-based material; and
bonding the compliant material to the pair of flexible structures.
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/608,378 US20080137289A1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2006-12-08 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
DE602007013933T DE602007013933D1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR AN EMBEDDED ENVIRONMENT AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR |
US12/517,679 US8120908B2 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
PCT/US2007/082642 WO2008073592A1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
EP07844627A EP2092406B1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
KR1020097011635A KR101447761B1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
CN2007800451216A CN101548255B (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
AT07844627T ATE505759T1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR AN EMBEDDED ENVIRONMENT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF |
JP2009540355A JP5436220B2 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/608,378 US20080137289A1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2006-12-08 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
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US20080137289A1 true US20080137289A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
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Family Applications (2)
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US11/608,378 Abandoned US20080137289A1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2006-12-08 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
US12/517,679 Expired - Fee Related US8120908B2 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
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US12/517,679 Expired - Fee Related US8120908B2 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-10-26 | Thermal management system for embedded environment and method for making same |
Country Status (8)
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US (2) | US20080137289A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2092406B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5436220B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101447761B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101548255B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE505759T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602007013933D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008073592A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2092406B1 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
DE602007013933D1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
ATE505759T1 (en) | 2011-04-15 |
CN101548255B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
WO2008073592A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
JP5436220B2 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
EP2092406A1 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
JP2010512642A (en) | 2010-04-22 |
KR101447761B1 (en) | 2014-10-06 |
CN101548255A (en) | 2009-09-30 |
US20100067191A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
US8120908B2 (en) | 2012-02-21 |
KR20090086243A (en) | 2009-08-11 |
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