US20090252598A1 - Gas turbine inlet temperature suppression during under frequency events and related method - Google Patents
Gas turbine inlet temperature suppression during under frequency events and related method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090252598A1 US20090252598A1 US12/078,612 US7861208A US2009252598A1 US 20090252598 A1 US20090252598 A1 US 20090252598A1 US 7861208 A US7861208 A US 7861208A US 2009252598 A1 US2009252598 A1 US 2009252598A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- air inlet
- gas turbine
- liquified
- compressor
- ambient air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
- F02C7/141—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid
- F02C7/143—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid before or between the compressor stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
- F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
- F02C9/40—Control of fuel supply specially adapted to the use of a special fuel or a plurality of fuels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
- F05D2270/06—Purpose of the control system to match engine to driven device
- F05D2270/061—Purpose of the control system to match engine to driven device in particular the electrical frequency of driven generator
Abstract
A method is provided for augmenting power output in a gas turbine electrical power-generating plant including a multistage compressor, a combustor and a multistage turbine component, during events when grid frequency drops below a predetermined target frequency. The method is carried out by a) providing a supply of liquified air arranged to permit selective addition of liquified air to an ambient air inlet to the compressor; and b) flowing controlled amounts of the liquified air into the ambient air inlet during such events.
Description
- This invention relates to gas turbine operation, particularly during under-frequency events when demand exceeds supply.
- When electricity demand exceeds supply into a grid, the grid frequency will dip below the target of either 50 or 60 Hz. For gas turbine based power plants, the power capability of the gas turbine typically decreases as the frequency decreases. Accordingly, in order to provide grid stability during large frequency dips, the output of the gas turbine power plant may need to be increased, at least temporarily. The output power of a gas turbine used to generate electricity can be increased by, for example, additional compressor mass flow or additional fuel flow. An increase in compressor mass flow, however, may be limited due to compressor surge margin or other limitations, while an increase in fuel flow may be limited due to parts life considerations, resulting from operation beyond normal operating temperatures.
- Accordingly, there is a need for a mechanism by which gas turbine output power may be augmented during short term under-frequency events without requiring the turbine to be fired at higher than normal operating temperatures, or to minimize the increase in firing temperature to meet the requirements.
- In accordance with an exemplary but non-limiting implementation of the technology disclosed herein, advantage is taken of the known phenomenon that a decrease in compressor inlet temperature typically increases gas turbine output capability. Thus, there is provided a method of augmenting power output in a gas turbine electrical power-generating plant (or other mechanical drive application) comprising a multistage compressor, a combustor and a multistage turbine component, during events when grid frequency drops below a predetermined target frequency, the method comprising: a) providing a supply of liquid or liquified air, or blend of gases (subsequently referred to as “Air” for simplicity), arranged to permit selective addition of liquified air to an ambient air inlet to the compressor; and b) flowing controlled amounts of the liquified air into the ambient air inlet during the events.
- In another aspect, the invention relates to a gas turbine electric power generating plant comprising: a multi-stage compressor having an ambient air inlet; a multi-stage turbine component; a combustor arranged to receive compressed air from the compressor and to supply gaseous combustion products to the multi-stage turbine; and a source of liquified air arranged to supply liquified air to the ambient air inlet of the compressor.
- The invention will now be described in connection with the drawing identified below.
- The single drawing Figure is a simplified schematic diagram of a gas turbine plant incorporating a compressor inlet cooling arrangement in accordance with an exemplary but non-limiting embodiment of the invention.
- With reference to the Figure, a
gas turbine plant 10 includes amultistage compressor 12 that supplies air to acombustor 14 which, in turn, supplies hot combustion gases to amulti-stage gas turbine 16. As illustrated, thecompressor 12 andturbine 16 operate on acommon rotor shaft 18 which may also be connected to a generator (not shown) downstream of theturbine 16. Other turbine arrangements, may also benefit from this invention. The gas turbine arrangement per se, is not the subject of this invention, and need not be described in any further detail. - In accordance with an exemplary but non-limiting embodiment of the invention, substantially open-
ended inlet plenum 20 to thecompressor 12 is arranged to supply cooled intake air to thecompressor inlet 22. Astorage tank 24 is arranged to supply liquified air viaconduit 26 to aninjection manifold 28 comprised ofplural nozzles 30. Liquified air is air that has been cooled to very low temperatures by means of compression and heat removal. It has a density of about 870 kg/M3, which may vary depending on the elemental composition of the air. The liquified air injection is controlled by acontrol valve 32 in theconduit 24, upstream of themanifold 28 andnozzles 30. - Placement of the
manifold 28 and associatednozzles 30 may be varied within theplenum 20. For example, by locating the nozzles closer to theplenum inlet 34, a more uniform temperature may be achieved as the air flows toward thecompressor inlet 22, but some undesirable temperature increase along the path may result. Cooler but less uniform temperature may be achieved by placing themanifold 28 and associatednozzles 30 closer to thecompressor inlet 22. Thus, the exact placement of theplenum 28 andnozzles 30 will depend on specific applications, but is well within the ability of the ordinarily skilled worker in the art. - The above-described inlet arrangement allows short term output power augmentation by injecting liquified air into the inlet system of the
compressor 12 to thereby decrease the temperature of the ambient air entering thecompressor 12. The decrease in temperature with increased flow of liquid Air, increases the power output of thegas turbine 16, at least temporarily, to a level that would otherwise require theturbine 16 to be fired beyond its normal operating temperatures. - The control scheme may be one that is based on power output requirements at various frequency levels, or on maintenance of a particular compressor inlet temperature. It may also be advantageous to control the supply of liquified air via
valve 32 to the minimum amount required to maintain a required output at predetermined frequency levels, i.e., on an intermittent or modulated basis that conserves the expensive liquified air, with longer replenishment intervals. - It will be appreciated that the power augmentation achieved by additional compressor mass flow as described herein may improve compressor surge margin and parts life.
- While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A method of augmenting power output in a gas turbine electrical power-generating plant comprising a multistage compressor, a combustor and a multistage turbine component, during events when grid, or gas turbine frequency, drops below a predetermined target frequency, or gas turbine load is anticipated to transiently exceed capability, the method comprising:
a) providing a supply of liquified air arranged to permit selective addition of liquified air to an ambient air inlet to the compressor; and
b) flowing controlled amounts of the liquified air into the ambient air inlet during said events.
2. The method of claim 1 including providing at least one control valve in a conduit supplying the liquified air to said ambient air inlet.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein step (b) comprises injecting liquified air through plural nozzles located proximate said ambient air inlet of said compressor.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein step (b) further comprises mounting said nozzles to a manifold and locating said manifold within a plenum adjacent said ambient air inlet.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein step (b) is carried out as a function of grid frequency.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein step (b) is carried out as a function of compressor air inlet temperature and turbine power output.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein step (b) is carried out to provide a minimum amount of liquified air to maintain a required power output at predetermined frequency levels.
8. A gas turbine electric power generating plant comprising:
a multi-stage compressor having an ambient air inlet;
a multi-stage turbine component;
a combustor arranged to receive compressed air from the compressor and to supply gaseous combustion products to the multi-stage turbine component; and
a source of liquified air arranged to supply liquified air to said ambient air inlet of the compressor.
9. The gas turbine electric power generating plant of claim 8 comprising a liquified air injection manifold with one or more injection nozzles located proximate said ambient air inlet.
10. The gas turbine electric power generating plant of claim 9 and further comprising a conduit arranged between said source of liquified air and said ambient air inlet, with a control valve located in said conduit, upstream of said manifold.
11. The gas turbine electric power generating plant of claim 10 wherein said manifold is located within a plenum adjacent said ambient air inlet.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/078,612 US20090252598A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Gas turbine inlet temperature suppression during under frequency events and related method |
US12/357,726 US20090249794A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-01-22 | Systems and Methods for Augmenting Power Output of a Turbine During a Transient Event |
JP2009075418A JP2009250233A (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-26 | Suppression of gas turbine inlet temperature during under frequency events and related method |
DE102009003701A DE102009003701A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-30 | Temperature reduction at the inlet of gas turbines during underfrequency events and associated method |
FR0952030A FR2929647A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-03-31 | REDUCTION OF THE TEMPERATURE AT THE ENTRANCE OF A GAS TURBINE DURING SUB-FREQUENCY PHENOMENA, CORRESPONDING METHOD AND ELECTRICAL POWER PLANT |
CNA2009101334422A CN101550874A (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-04-02 | Gas turbine inlet temperature suppression during under frequency events and related method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/078,612 US20090252598A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Gas turbine inlet temperature suppression during under frequency events and related method |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/357,726 Continuation-In-Part US20090249794A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-01-22 | Systems and Methods for Augmenting Power Output of a Turbine During a Transient Event |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090252598A1 true US20090252598A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
Family
ID=41051617
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/078,612 Abandoned US20090252598A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Gas turbine inlet temperature suppression during under frequency events and related method |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090252598A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009250233A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101550874A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009003701A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2929647A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090249794A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-08 | General Electric Company | Systems and Methods for Augmenting Power Output of a Turbine During a Transient Event |
KR20150067314A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2015-06-17 | 가즈트랑스포르 에 떼끄니가즈 | Sealed and insulating reservoir to contain a pressurized cold fluid |
US9492780B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2016-11-15 | Bha Altair, Llc | Gas turbine inlet gas phase contaminant removal |
US10502136B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2019-12-10 | Bha Altair, Llc | Filtration system for use in a gas turbine engine assembly and method of assembling thereof |
US20240003295A1 (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2024-01-04 | Totalenergies Onetech | Method for producing electrical and/or mechanical energy for a consumer system and associated production system |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101239352B1 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2013-03-06 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Floating liquefied natural gas charging station |
CN102635777A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-15 | 孙炜 | Production method and device of canned liquefied air |
Citations (10)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US4354565A (en) * | 1978-11-06 | 1982-10-19 | R & D Associates | Engine system using liquid air and combustible fuel |
US4442665A (en) * | 1980-10-17 | 1984-04-17 | General Electric Company | Coal gasification power generation plant |
US6118187A (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 2000-09-12 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Method for controlling an output of an electrical power plant |
US6357236B1 (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 2002-03-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Gas turbine, combined cycle plant and compressor |
US20020194832A1 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-12-26 | General Electric Company | Method of generating a transient plant power boost in a gas turbine apparatus |
US6549944B1 (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 2003-04-15 | Mercury Interactive Corporation | Use of server access logs to generate scripts and scenarios for exercising and evaluating performance of web sites |
US6810675B2 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2004-11-02 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method for operating a combined-cycle power station |
US20050081529A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2005-04-21 | Giacomo Bolis | Method and apparatus for achieving power augmentation in gas turbines using wet compression |
US20070132249A1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-14 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for electric power grid frequency stabilization |
US20090249794A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-08 | General Electric Company | Systems and Methods for Augmenting Power Output of a Turbine During a Transient Event |
-
2008
- 2008-04-02 US US12/078,612 patent/US20090252598A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-03-26 JP JP2009075418A patent/JP2009250233A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-03-30 DE DE102009003701A patent/DE102009003701A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-03-31 FR FR0952030A patent/FR2929647A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-04-02 CN CNA2009101334422A patent/CN101550874A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
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US4354565A (en) * | 1978-11-06 | 1982-10-19 | R & D Associates | Engine system using liquid air and combustible fuel |
US4442665A (en) * | 1980-10-17 | 1984-04-17 | General Electric Company | Coal gasification power generation plant |
US6357236B1 (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 2002-03-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Gas turbine, combined cycle plant and compressor |
US6549944B1 (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 2003-04-15 | Mercury Interactive Corporation | Use of server access logs to generate scripts and scenarios for exercising and evaluating performance of web sites |
US6118187A (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 2000-09-12 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Method for controlling an output of an electrical power plant |
US20020194832A1 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-12-26 | General Electric Company | Method of generating a transient plant power boost in a gas turbine apparatus |
US6810675B2 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2004-11-02 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method for operating a combined-cycle power station |
US20050081529A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2005-04-21 | Giacomo Bolis | Method and apparatus for achieving power augmentation in gas turbines using wet compression |
US20070132249A1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-14 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for electric power grid frequency stabilization |
US20090249794A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-08 | General Electric Company | Systems and Methods for Augmenting Power Output of a Turbine During a Transient Event |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Eric Gebhardt, The F Technology Experience Story, Oct. 2000, GE Power Systems, GER-3950C, pgs. 1 - 11. * |
Kenji Kishimoto, Minoru Araki, Katsuo Ejiri, Satoshi Uchida, and Akira Ishikawa, Gas Turbine Inlet Air Cooling System with Liquid Air, Oct. 1997, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Technical Review, Vol. 34, No. 3, pgs. 91 - 95. * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090249794A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-08 | General Electric Company | Systems and Methods for Augmenting Power Output of a Turbine During a Transient Event |
KR20150067314A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2015-06-17 | 가즈트랑스포르 에 떼끄니가즈 | Sealed and insulating reservoir to contain a pressurized cold fluid |
US20150292678A1 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2015-10-15 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Sealed and insulating reservoir to contain a pressurized cold fluid |
US9625095B2 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2017-04-18 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Sealed and insulating reservoir to contain a pressurized cold fluid |
AU2013328517B2 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2018-04-26 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Sealed and insulating reservoir to contain a pressurized cold fluid |
KR102162423B1 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2020-10-06 | 가즈트랑스포르 에 떼끄니가즈 | Sealed and insulating reservoir to contain a pressurized cold fluid |
US9492780B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2016-11-15 | Bha Altair, Llc | Gas turbine inlet gas phase contaminant removal |
US10502136B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2019-12-10 | Bha Altair, Llc | Filtration system for use in a gas turbine engine assembly and method of assembling thereof |
US20240003295A1 (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2024-01-04 | Totalenergies Onetech | Method for producing electrical and/or mechanical energy for a consumer system and associated production system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102009003701A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
JP2009250233A (en) | 2009-10-29 |
CN101550874A (en) | 2009-10-07 |
FR2929647A1 (en) | 2009-10-09 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, NEW YORK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SNIDER, DAVID A.;ROSSON, RANDY S.;HANNULA, SCOTT V.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:020787/0689 Effective date: 20080401 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |