US20100203796A1

US20100203796A1 - Constructional building set comprising building elements for person with color vision deficiency, and such building elements

Info

Publication number: US20100203796A1
Application number: US12/367,511
Authority: US
Inventors: Ajmal M. M. Beg
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-02-07
Filing date: 2009-02-07
Publication date: 2010-08-12

Abstract

A building element for a constructional building comprising a top face, a plurality of side walls extending downwardly from the top face, a plurality of coupling studs which are arranged on the top face, a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodical pattern between the side walls to receive the coupling studs in frictional engagement and at least one color indicator which is part of the building element and indicates the color of at least one surface area of the building element. The color indicator is a symbol or a model of a real object. The color indicator also represents the shade of the color of the building element. The color indicator is a three dimensional space positioned within the the external surface of the said building element or is a three dimensional protruding structure positioned on the external surface of the building element or is printed on the external surface of the building element. The color indicator which is in the form of protruding three dimensional structure can be released from the external surface of the building element. Same color indicators are positioned on more than one side walls of the said building element allowing the perception of the color when color indicator on other wall is not visible. The position of the color indicator or the dimensions of the color indicator may be used to represent color of the building element. Multiple color indicators may be combined together to represent a new color. The building element may have boundaries to indicate the color of a specific area on the surface of the building element.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a constructional building set comprising building elements for person with color vision deficiency and such building elements.

BACKGROUND

Constructional building sets comprising of building elements with complementary coupling means are popular among persons belonging to different mental/physical age groups. MegaBlocks®, Lego® and Duplo® are examples of popular brands of constructional building sets. Such constructional building sets contain building elements of different colors. A person with color vision deficiency is unable to perceive difference between some of the colors that a person without color vision deficiency can distinguish. Color vision deficiency can be total or partial. While engaging with constructional building sets, a person with color vision deficiency is at disadvantageous position compared to the person without color vision deficiency. For instance;
A person with color vision deficiency may need to ask/confirm colors of building elements from other person without color vision deficiency which can be inconvenient for both such persons.
A person with color vision deficiency may not be able to sort and store the building elements according to their colors.
A person with color vision deficiency may not be able to store the building elements according to their colors in a storage container of the building construction set.
A person with color vision deficiency may not be able to select building elements with right color when asked by another person without color vision deficiency to give him/her building elements of specific color.
A person with color vision deficiency may not be able to frictionally engage building elements with right color combination when asked to do so by other person without color vision deficiency.
Building elements can be frictionally engaged in models which resemble real objects such as ship, castle, house and garden. Such models can be used to learn the color combinations of actual objects. Inability to perceive specific colors may make it difficult to learn about the color combinations of the actual objects.
Building elements frictionally engaged in complex model are put to display too. A person with color with color vision deficiency may not be able to perceive correctly colors of certain building elements in such complex model and may need to confirm different occasions the colors of elements from the person without color vision deficiency.
A person with color vision deficiency cannot recognize how building elements of different colors are frictionally engaged in specific order.
A person with color vision deficiency may also develop psychological problems, if he/she is in above disadvantageous position repeatedly over extended period of time. Hence, there is a need for building elements whose colors could be easily perceived by the person with color vision deficiency. There is also need for constructional building set comprising such building elements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 3 is top plan view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 4 is bottom plan view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 5 is side view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 6 is side view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 7 is top plan view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 8 is side and top plan view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 9 is a top plan view of building element according to prior art when such building element is frictionally engaged with a base plate which is larger than the outer boundaries of its top plan view;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 12 is top plan view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 13 is bottom plan view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 14 is side view of a building element according to prior art;

FIG. 15 is perspective view of multiple building elements according to prior art in frictional engagement;

FIG. 16 is perspective view of multiple building elements according to prior art in frictional engagement;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of building element according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of building element according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is bottom plan view of building element according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is top plan view of building element according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is side view of building element according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of building element with large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of building element with large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is top plan view of building element with large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is bottom plan view of building element with large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is side view of building element with large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of two building elements which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is bottom plan view of two building elements which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is top plan view of two building elements which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 30 is side view of two building elements which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a perspective view of two building elements with large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 32 is bottom plan view of two building elements with large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 33 is top plan view of two building elements with large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 34 is side view of two building elements with large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 35 is a perspective view of two building elements which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 36 is bottom plan view of two building elements which are contained in a construction building set according and are to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 37 is top plan view of two building elements which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 38 is side view of two building elements which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 39 is a perspective view of two building elements with large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 40 is bottom plan view of two building elements with large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 41 is top plan view of two building elements with large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 42 is side view of two building elements with large coupling studs which are contained in a construction building set and are according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 43 is a perspective view of a building element according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 44 is a perspective view of a building element with large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 45 is a perspective view of a building element according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 46 is a perspective view of a building element with large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 47-FIG. 49 are perspective views of building elements contained in a construction building set according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 50-FIG. 52 are perspective views of building elements contained in a construction building set according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 53 is a top plan view of a building element which has releasable color indicator according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 54 is a side view of a building element when color indicator is released according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 55 is a side view of a building element when color indicator is attached according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 56 is the front view of releasable color indicator according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 57 is the side view of releasable color indicator according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 58 is a top plan view of a building element which has releasable color indicator according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 59 is a side view of a building element when color indicator is released according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 60 is a side view of a building element when color indicator is attached according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 61 is the front view of releasable color indicator according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 62 is the side view of releasable color indicator according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 63-FIG. 65 are side views of building elements contained in a construction building set according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 66 is perspective view of building element according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 67 is perspective view of building element with large coupling studs according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a building element for a constructional building set having top face, a plurality of side walls extending downwardly from the top face, a plurality of coupling studs which are arranged on the top face, a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodical pattern between the side walls to receive the coupling studs in frictional engagement and at least one color indicator which is part of the building element and indicates the color of at least one surface area of the building element. According to another aspect of the invention, color indicator is a symbol or a model of a real object. According to another aspect of the invention, color indicator also represents the shade of the color of the building element. According to another aspect of the invention, color indicator is a three-dimensional space positioned within the external surface of the said building element or is a three-dimensional protruding structure positioned on the external surface of the building element or is printed on the external surface of the building element. According to another aspect of the invention, color indicator which is in the form of protruding three-dimensional structure can be released from the external surface of the building element. According to another aspect of the invention, same color indicator is positioned on more than one side walls of the said building element allowing the perception of the color when color indicator on other wall is not visible. According to another aspect of the invention, the position of color indicator or the dimension of color indicator is used to represent color of the building element. According to another aspect of the invention, multiple color indicators are combined together to represent a new color. According to another aspect of the invention, the building element has boundaries to indicate the color of a specific area on the surface of the building element.
As an example of prior art, a building element 11 contained in constructional building sets from Lego® is illustrated in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are perspective views of the building element 11 from different angles. FIG. 3 is top plan view of the building element 11. FIG. 4 is bottom plan view of the building element 11. FIG. 5 is side view of the building element 11. The building element 11 comprises a top face 12, a plurality of side walls 14 extending downwardly from the top face 12, a plurality of coupling studs 13 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 12 and a plurality of cavities 23 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 14 to receive the coupling studs 13 from other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity 23 is realized by circular tube 21 and guide ribs 22. As illustrated in FIG. 3, d 19 is the minimum distance between centers of two adjacent coupling studs 13 when such two adjacent coupling studs 13 are positioned on the same two-dimensional plane. Similarly, as illustrated in FIG. 4, d 19 is also the minimum distance between the centers of adjacent cavities 23 which frictionally engage coupling studs 13. A squared area with each side of size d 19 and having its center at the center of a coupling stud 13 is referred in this description of the present invention as Standard Cell Area 24. Shaded square area 24 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 represents one Standard Cell Area for the building element 11.
Squared box shaped building element 11 illustrated in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 does not have subareas for top face 12 and subareas within the space extending between side walls 14. Building element contained in a construction building set can also have subareas for top face 12 and space extending between side walls 14. FIG. 6 illustrates a side view of an exemplary embodiment of building element 61 according to prior art. FIG. 7 is the top plan view of this building element 61. The building element 61 comprises a top face 62, a plurality of side walls 64 extending downwardly from the top face 62, a plurality of coupling studs 63 arranged in two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 62, and a plurality of cavities 65 arranged in two-dimensional periodic pattern to accommodate coupling studs 63 13 from other building elements. The top face 62 has three sub areas 66 67 68. Two sub areas 66 68 has four coupling studs each arranged in two-dimensional pattern. Third subarea 67 is without any coupling stud. All subareas 66 67 68 have different heights h1 6100, h2 6101 and h3 6102 respectively. The space between side walls 64 extending downwardly also has three subareas 6103 6104 6105 each of which is at height h4 6106, h5 6107 and h6 6108 respectively. Only two subareas 6103 6105 have cavities 65.
FIG. 8 illustrates top plan view 85 and side view 86 of a building element 80 according to prior art. The building element 80 comprises a top face 81, a plurality of side walls 83 extending downwardly from the top face 81, a plurality of coupling studs 82 which are arranged on the top face 81 and a plurality of cavities 84 positioned between side walls 83 to receive the coupling studs 13 82 from other building elements in frictional engagement. FIG. 9 illustrates a top plan view of base plate 92 which is a union of two-dimensionally arranged standard cell areas 93. The building element 80 is frictionally engaged with base plate 92 in such a manner that the outer boundary of top plan view 89 of building element 80 is within the outer boundary of top plan view of base plate 92. Any Standard Cell Area of base plate 92 which overlaps fully or partially with area that is bounded by the outer boundary of top plan view 89 of the building element 80 is illustrated with shaded area 95 in FIG. 9. The union of shaded areas 99 in FIG. 9 is referred as Standard Dimension in this disclosure of the present invention. Building elements 11 61 80 according to prior art do not have color indicator on their external surface, which could help a person with color vision deficiency perceive the color of a building element easily. In case, color indicator is positioned on the external surface of any such building element 11 61 80 to help person with color vision deficiency perceive the color easily, the top plan view of outer boundaries of such color indicator needs to remain within the Standard Dimension of the building element to allow this building element frictionally engage with other building elements in large number of manners.
An example of building element 101 contained in constructional building set from MegaBlock® is illustrated in FIG. 10 to FIG. 14. FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are perspective views of the building element 101 from different angles. FIG. 12 is a top plan view of the building element 101. FIG. 13 is a bottom plan view of the building element 101. FIG. 14 is side view of the building element 101. The building element 101 comprises a top face 102, a plurality of side walls 104 extending downwardly from the top face 102, coupling studs 103 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 102 and cavities 113 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 104 to receive the coupling studs 103 from other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity 113 is realized by the guide ribs 112. The building element 101 has also inner wall 111 on which some of the guide ribs 112 forming cavities 113 are positioned. As illustrated in FIG. 12, d 105 is the minimum distance between centers of any two adjacent coupling studs 103 which are positioned on the same two-dimensional space. As illustrated in FIG. 13, d 105 is also the minimum distance between the centers of two adjacent cavities 113 which are positioned on the same two-dimensional space. Shaded area 106 in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 illustrate one Standard Cell Area for the building element 101. In case of the building element 101, Standard Dimension is same as the top face 102 of the building element 101. Such building element 101 according to prior art do not have color indicator on their external surface. In case, color indicator is positioned on the external surface of the building element 101 to help person with color vision deficiency perceive the color easily, the top plan view of outer boundaries of such color indicator needs to remain within the Standard Dimension of the building element 101 to allow this building element 101 frictionally engage with other building elements in large number of manners.
FIG. 15 is perspective view of building elements 151 152 153 154 155 in frictional engagement. Each of the building elements 151 152 153 154 155 have features of the building element 11 as illustrated in FIG. 1. The building element 155 has multiple cavities 23 and is able to frictionally engage with coupling studs 13 form the multiple building elements 151 152 153 154. The multiple cavities 23 and multiple coupling studs 13 of the building elements 11 allow the flexibility of frictionally engaging with other building elements in large number of arrangements. The building elements 151 152 153 154 can be placed side by side, as the top plan view of the top face 12 is the same as the Standard Dimension of the building element 11. These three features of building element 11 allow the flexibility of arranging building elements 11 in large number of manners. FIG. 16 is perspective view of building elements 161 162 163, each of which having features of building element 101 as illustrated in FIG. 10. The building element 163 has multiple cavities 113 and is able to frictionally engage with coupling studs 103 form multiple building elements 161 162. The multiple cavities 113, multiple coupling studs 103 and the feature of top plan view of top face 102 being same as the Standard Dimension, allow the flexibility of frictionally engaging building elements 101 in large number of arrangements.
FIG. 17 to FIG. 21 illustrate an exemplary embodiment according to present invention. FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 are perspective views of the building element 171 from different angles. FIG. 19 is bottom plan view of the building element 171. FIG. 20 is top plan view of the building element 171. FIG. 21 is side view of the building element 171. The building element 171 comprises a top face 172, a plurality of side walls 174 extending downwardly from the top face 172, a plurality of coupling studs 173 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 172 and a plurality of cavities 183 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 174 to receive the coupling studs 173 from other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity 183 in the building element 171 is realized by guide ribs 182 and inner walls 181 on which these guide ribs 182 are positioned. The color indicator 175 of the building element 171 is a collection of round shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities 176. Different spatially distributions of round shaped shallow cavities 176 indicate different colors. For instance; one round cavity 176 in first row 177 may represent green color; two round cavities 176 in first row 177 may represent brown color; first row 177 and second row 178 each filled with round cavities 176 may represent red color. The number of round cavities 176 in third row 179, may be used to represent type/strength of shade for color represented by first two rows 177 178. The color indicator 175 exists on multiple side walls 174, helping determine the color of the building element 171, when some of the color indicators 175 are hidden from sight of person for different reasons such as one building element being behind other building element 171. Outer boundaries of top plan view of all round cavities 176, remains within the Standard Dimension of the building element 171, thus allowing building element 171 frictionally engage with other building elements in large number of manners.
FIG. 22 to FIG. 26 illustrate another exemplary embodiment of building element having larger coupling studs 223 according to the present invention. FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 are perspective views of the building element 221 from different angles. FIG. 24 is top plan view of building element 221. FIG. 25 is bottom plan view of building element 221. FIG. 26 is side view of the building element 221. The building element 221 comprises a top face 222, a plurality of side walls 224 extending downwardly from the top face 222, a plurality of coupling studs 223 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 222 and a plurality of cavities 233 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 224 to receive the coupling studs 223 from other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity 233 in the building element 221 is realized by guide ribs 232 and inner walls 231 on which these guide ribs 232 are positioned. The color indicator 225 of the building element 221 is a collection of round shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities 226. Different spatially distributions of round shaped shallow cavities 226 indicate different colors. For instance; one round cavity 226 in first row 227 may represent green; two round cavities 226 in first row 227 may represent brown color; first row 227 and second row 228 each filled with round cavities 226 may represent red color. The number of round cavities 226 in the third row 229 may represent strength/type of the shade of the color represented by first two rows 227 228. The color indicator 225 exists on multiple side walls 224, which helps determine the color of the building element 221, even when some of the color indicators 225 are hidden from sight of person for different reasons such as one building element being behind other building elements 221. Outer boundaries of top plan view of all round cavities 226, remains within the Standard Dimension of the building element 221, thus allowing building element 221 frictionally engage with other building elements in large number of manners.
FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 illustrate two building elements 270 275 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention and which are contained in a construction building set. FIG. 27 is a perspective view of building elements 270 275 when they are placed in the same two-dimensional planes positioned at different heights respectively. FIG. 28 is bottom plan view when the building elements 270 275 are placed adjacent to one another. FIG. 29 is a top plan view when the building elements 270 275 are placed adjacent to one another. FIG. 30 is the side view of building elements 270 275 when they are positioned in the same two-dimensional planes at different heights. FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 also contain dimension lines 2700 for the purpose of explaining the features of the present invention.
First building element 270 in FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 comprises a top face 271, a plurality of side walls 273 extending downwardly from the top face 271, a plurality of coupling studs 272 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 271 and a plurality of cavities 283 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 273 to receive the coupling studs 272 277 from other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity 283 is realized by guide ribs 282 and inner walls 281 in the building element 270 on which these guide ribs 282 are positioned. The color indicator 274 of the building element 270 is a collection of square shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities 288.
Second building element 275 in FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 comprises a top face 276, a plurality of side walls 278 extending downwardly from the top face 276, a plurality of coupling studs 277 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 276 and a plurality of cavities 287 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 278 to receive the coupling studs 272 277 from other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity 287 is realized by guide ribs 286 positioned on the short inner walls 284 and long inner walls 285 in the building element 275. The color indicator 279 of the building element 275 is a three-dimensional square shaped structure positioned on the side wall 278. Short inner walls 284 are attached to the side wall 2780 on which the color indicator 279 is positioned. Such short inner walls 284 helps outer boundaries of top plan view of color indicator 274 being contained within Standard Dimension.
FIG. 31 to FIG. 34 illustrate two building elements with large coupling studs 310 315 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention and are contained in a construction building set. FIG. 31 is a perspective view of the building elements 310 315 when they are placed in the same two-dimensional planes positioned at different heights respectively. FIG. 32 is bottom plan view when the building elements 310 315 are placed adjacent to one another. FIG. 33 is top plan view when the building elements 310 315 are placed adjacent to one another. FIG. 34 is the side view of the building elements 310 315 when those 310 315 are placed in the same two-dimensional planes of different heights. FIG. 31 to FIG. 34 also contain dimension lines 3100 for the purpose of explaining the features of the present invention.
The first building element 310 in FIG. 31 to FIG. 34 comprises a top face 311, a plurality of side walls 313 extending downwardly from the top face 311, a plurality of coupling studs 312 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 311 and a plurality of cavities 323 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 313 to receive the coupling studs 312 317 from other building elements in frictional engagement. An inner wall 321 exists between side walls 313. A cavity 323 is realized by guide ribs 322 attached to inner walls 321 and inner surface of side walls 313. The color indicator 314 of the building element 310 is a collection of square shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities 328.
The second building element 315 in FIG. 31 to FIG. 34 comprises a top face 316, a plurality of side walls 318 extending downwardly from the top face 316, a plurality of coupling studs 317 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 316 and a plurality of cavities 327 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 318 to receive the coupling studs 312 317 from other building elements in frictional engagement. An inner wall 329 exists between side walls 318. A cavity 327 is realized by short guide ribs 324 and long guide ribs 325 in the building element 315. The color indicator 319 of the building element 315 is a three-dimensional protruding square shaped structure positioned on the side wall 3180. The short guide ribs 324 helps top plan view of outer boundary of color indicator 319 being contained within the Standard Dimension, thus allowing building element 315 frictionally engage with other building elements 310 315 in large number of manners.
FIG. 35 to FIG. 38 illustrate two building elements 350 355 contained in a construction building set according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 35 is a perspective view of building elements 350 355 when those 350 355 are placed in the same two-dimensional planes positioned at different heights respectively. FIG. 36 is bottom plan view when the building elements 350 355 are placed adjacent to one another. FIG. 37 is top plan view when the building elements 350 355 are placed adjacent to one another. FIG. 38 is the side view of the building elements 350 355 when they are placed in the same two-dimensional planes at different heights respectively. FIG. 35 to FIG. 38 also contain dimension lines 3500 for the purpose of explaining the features of the present invention.
The first building element 350 in FIG. 35 to FIG. 38 comprises a top face 351, a plurality of side walls 353 extending downwardly from the top face 351, a plurality of coupling studs 352 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 351 and a plurality of cavities 363 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 353 to receive the coupling studs 352 357 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavity 363 is realized by guide ribs 362 which are positioned on inner walls 361 in the building element 350. The color indicator 354 of the building element 350 is a collection of square shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities 358.
The second building element 355 in FIG. 35 to FIG. 38 comprises a top face 356, a plurality of side walls 358 extending downwardly from the top face 356, a plurality of coupling studs 357 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 356 and a plurality of cavities 367 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 358 to receive the coupling studs 352 357 from other building elements in frictional engagement. A cavity 367 is realized by guide ribs 366 positioned on the short inner walls 364 and long inner walls 365 in the building element 355. The color indicator 359 of the building element 355 is a three-dimensional square shaped protruding structure positioned on the side wall 3582. This side wall 3582 has lower part 3580 and upper part 3581. The external surface of the upper part 3581 is at larger depth compared to the external surface of the lower part 3580. The color indicator 359 is positioned at the upper part 3581. Short inner walls 364 are attached to the side wall 3582. The short inner wall 364 has two parts. Lower part of the short inner wall 364 is attached to the lower part of the side wall 3580. Upper part of the short inner wall 364 is attached to the upper part of the side wall 3581. Upper part of the short inner wall 364 has small width compared to lower part of the short inner wall 364. Such difference in the width at upper and lower part of the short inner wall 364 helps outer boundaries of top plan view of color indicator 359 being contained within the Standard Dimension. Thus, allowing building element 355 engage with other building elements 350 355 in large number of manners.
FIG. 39 to FIG. 42 illustrate two building elements with large coupling studs 390 395 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention and which 390 395 are contained in a construction building set. FIG. 39 is a perspective view of building elements 390 395 when they are placed in the same two-dimensional planes at different heights respectively. FIG. 40 is bottom plan view when building elements 390 395 are placed next to one another. FIG. 41 is top plan view when the building elements 390 395 are placed next to one another. FIG. 42 is the side view of the building elements 390 395 when they are placed in the same two-dimensional planes at different heights respectively. FIG. 39 to FIG. 42 also contain dimension lines 3900 for the purpose of explaining the features of the present invention.
The first building element 390 in FIG. 39 to FIG. 42 comprises a top face 391, a plurality of side walls 393 extending downwardly from the top face 391, a plurality of coupling studs 392 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 391 and a plurality of cavities 403 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 393 to receive the coupling studs 392 397 from other building elements in frictional engagement. An inner wall 401 exists between side walls 393. The cavity 403 is realized by guide ribs 402 positioned on the inner walls 401 and inner side of side walls 393. The color indicator 394 of the building element 390 is a collection of square shaped spatially distributed shallow cavities 398.
The second building element 395 in FIG. 39 to FIG. 42 comprises a top face 396, a plurality of side walls 398 extending downwardly from the top face 396, a plurality of coupling studs 397 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 396 and a plurality of cavities 407 arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 398 to receive the coupling studs 397 392 from other building elements in frictional engagement. An inner wall 409 exists between side walls 398. A cavity 407 is realized by short guide ribs 404 and long guide ribs 405 in the building element 395. The color indicator 399 of the building element 395 is a three-dimensional square shaped protruding structure positioned on the side wall 3982. This side wall 3982 has lower part 3980 and upper part 3981. The external surface of the upper part 3981 is at larger depth compared to the external surface of the lower part 3980. The color indicator 399 is positioned at the upper part 3981. The short inner walls 404 are attached to the inner side of the side wall 3980. The short inner wall 404 has two parts. The lower part of short inner wall 404 is attached to the lower part of the side wall 3982. The upper part of the short inner wall 404 is attached to the upper part of the side wall 3981. The upper part of the short inner wall 404 has small width compared to lower part of the short inner wall 404. Such difference in the width at the upper and lower part of the short inner wall 404 helps outer boundaries of the top plan view of the color indicator 399 being contained within the Standard Dimension.
FIG. 43 illustrates another exemplary embodiment according to present invention. Building element 430 in FIG. 43 comprises a top face 431, a plurality of side walls 433 extending downwardly from the top face 431, a plurality of coupling studs 432 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 431 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 433 to receive the coupling studs 432 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 430 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The color indicator 434 of the building element 430 is a series of triangle shaped edges 435 at the base of the side wall 433. In this exemplary embodiment, there are six triangles in a row. Each triangle 435 represents a binary number. Large triangle 437 represents 1 and small triangle 436 represents 0. The first four triangles 435 indicate a 4-digit binary string representing a type of color. The last two triangles 436 represent a 2-digit binary string representing strength/type of shade for color represented by first 4-digit binary number. A series of six triangles can represent sixteen types of colors, where each color has four types of shades. There are no guide ribs on the inner surface of side wall 433 on the same style as guide ribs 22 illustrated in FIG. 2. Due to this, the building element 430 does not reduce significantly the surface of guide ribs which frictionally couple with the coupling studs of other building elements, when the edges of the side walls 433 are reduced in triangle shape. Color indicator 434 is only shown on one side wall 433 in FIG. 43 for simplification purpose. However, color indicator can exist on all side walls 433 of the building element 430.
FIG. 44 illustrates another exemplary embodiment according to present invention for building element with large coupling studs. The building element 440 in FIG. 44 comprises a top face 441, a plurality of side walls 443 extending downwardly from the top face 441, a plurality of coupling studs 442 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 441 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 443 to receive the coupling studs 442 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 440 are of the same style 232 as of building element 221 illustrated in FIG. 25. The color indicator 444 of the building element 440 is a series of triangle shaped edges 445 at the base of the side wall 443. In this exemplary embodiment, there are six triangles in a row. Each triangle 445 represents a binary number. Large triangle 447 represents 1 and small triangle 446 represents 0. First four triangles 445 represent a 4-digit binary string which refers to a specific type of color. The last two triangles 445 represent a 2-digit binary string which refers to the shade of the color represented by the first 4-digit binary number. A series of six triangles can represent sixteen types of colors, where each color can have four shades. There are no guide ribs on the inner surface of side wall 443 on the same style as guide ribs 112 illustrated in FIG. 11. Due to this feature, the building element 440 does not reduce the surface of guide ribs which frictionally couple with the coupling studs of other building elements, when the edges of the side walls 443 are reduced in a series of triangle shape. The color indicator 444 is only shown on one side wall 443 in FIG. 44 for simplification purposes. However, the color indicator can exist on all side walls 433 of building element 440.
FIG. 45 illustrates another exemplary embodiment according to present invention. Building element 450 in FIG. 45 comprises a top face 451, a plurality of side walls 453 extending downwardly from the top face 451, a plurality of coupling studs 452 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 451 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 453 to receive the coupling studs 452 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 450 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The color indicator 454 of the building element 450 is a series of triangle shaped edges 455 at the upper edge of the side wall 453. In this exemplary embodiment, there are six triangles in a row. Each triangle 455 represents a binary number. Large triangle 457 represents 1 and small triangle 456 represents 0. First four triangles 455 represents a 4-digit binary string corresponding to a type of color. The last two triangles 455 represent a 2-digit binary string referring to a shade of the color represented by the first 4-digit binary number. A series of six triangles can represent 16 types of colors, where each color has 4 shades. There are no guide ribs on the inner surface of side wall 453 on the same style as guide ribs 22 illustrated in FIG. 2. Because of this feature, the building element 450 does not reduce the surface of guide ribs which frictionally couple with the coupling studs of other building elements, when the edges of the side walls 453 are reduced in triangle shape. The color indicator 454 is only shown on one side wall 453 in FIG. 45 for simplification purpose. However, the color indicator can exist on all side walls 453 of the building element 450.
FIG. 46 illustrates another exemplary embodiment according to present invention for building element with large coupling studs. The building element 460 in FIG. 46 comprises a top face 461, a plurality of side walls 463 extending downwardly from the top face 461, a plurality of coupling studs 462 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 461 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 463 to receive the coupling studs 462 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 460 are of the same style as of building element 221 illustrated in FIG. 25. The color indicator 464 of the building element 460 is a series of triangle shaped edges 465 at the upper edge of the side wall 463. In this exemplary embodiment, there are six triangles in a row. Each triangle 465 represents a binary number. Large triangle 467 represents 1 and small triangle 466 represents 0. First four triangles 465 represents a 4-digit binary string which refers to a specific type of color. The last two triangles 465 represent a 2-digit binary string which refers to strength/type of shade for color represented by first 4-digit binary number. A series of six triangles can represent sixteen types of colors, where each color has four shades. There are no guide ribs on the inner surface of side wall 463 on the same style as guide ribs 232 illustrated in FIG. 25. Due to this feature, the building element 460 does not reduce the surface of guide ribs which frictionally couple with the coupling studs of other building elements, when the edges of the side walls 463 are reduced to a series of triangle shapes. Color indicator 464 is only shown on one side wall 463 in FIG. 46 for simplification purposes. However, color indicator 464 can exist on all side walls 463 of the building element 460.
FIG. 47-FIG. 49 illustrate building elements 470 480 490 of green color of different shades according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention which are contained into a construction building set. The building element 470 illustrated in FIG. 47 comprises a top face 471, a plurality of side walls 473 extending downwardly from the top face 471, a plurality of coupling studs 472 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 471 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 473 to receive the coupling studs 472 482 492 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 470 are of the same style as of building element 275 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator 474 of the building element 470 is a triangle shaped three-dimensional structure positioned on the external surface of the side wall 473. The building element 480 illustrated in FIG. 48 comprises a top face 481, a plurality of side walls 483 extending downwardly from the top face 481, a plurality of coupling studs 482 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 481 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 483 to receive the coupling studs 472 482 492 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 480 are of the same style as of building element 275 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator 484 of the building element 470 is a triangle shaped three-dimensional structure positioned on the external surface of the side wall 483. The building element 490 illustrated in FIG. 49 comprises a top face 491, a plurality of side walls 493 extending downwardly from the top face 491, a plurality of coupling studs 492 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 491 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 493 to receive the coupling studs 472 482 492 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 490 are of the same style as of building element 275 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator 494 of the building element 490 is a triangle shaped three-dimensional structure positioned on the external surface of the side wall 493. The only difference between color inductors 474 484 494 of building elements 470 480 490 respectively, is the size of the color indicator. Size of the color indicators 474 484 494 indicates the strength of the shade of the color of that particular building block. In this exemplary embodiment, small size color indicator 474 indicates light green color, medium size color indicator 484 indicates green color and large size color indicator 494 indicates dark green.
FIG. 50-FIG. 52 illustrate building elements 500 510 520 of green, brown and red color respectively according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention and which are contained into a construction building set. Building element 500 illustrated in FIG. 50 comprises a top face 501, a plurality of side walls 503 extending downwardly from the top face 501, a plurality of coupling studs 502 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 501 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 503 to receive the coupling studs 502 512 522 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 500 are of the same style as that of building element 270 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator 504 of the building element 500 is a shallow round shaped cavity on the external surface of the side wall 503. The building element 510 illustrated in FIG. 51 comprises a top face 511, a plurality of side walls 513 extending downwardly from the top face 511, a plurality of coupling studs 512 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 511 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 513 to receive the coupling studs 502 512 522 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 510 are of the same style as of building element 270 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator 514 of the building element 510 is a shallow round shaped cavity on the external surface of the side walls 513. Building element 520 illustrated in FIG. 52 comprises a top face 520, a plurality of side walls 523 extending downwardly from the top face 521, a plurality of coupling studs 522 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 521 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 523 to receive the coupling studs 502 512 522 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 522 are of the same style as of building element 270 illustrated in FIG. 28. The color indicator 522 of the building element 520 is a shallow round shaped cavity on the external surface of the side wall 523. The only difference between color inductors 504 514 524 of building elements 500 510 520 respectively, is the position of the color indicator 504 514 524 in refer to reference point 505 515 525 respectively. Position of the color indicators 504 514 524 indicate the type of the color. In this exemplary embodiment, one corner of the building elements 500 510 520 is trimmed to be used as a reference point 505 515 525 respectively.
FIG. 53-FIG. 57 illustrate a green color building element 530 which has releasable color indicator 534 according to another exemplary embodiment of present invention. FIG. 53 is a top plan view of the building element 530. FIG. 54 is a side view of the building element 530 when color indicator 534 is released. FIG. 55 is a side view of the building element 530 when color indicator 534 is attached to the building element 530. FIG. 56 is the front view of releasable color indicator 534. Building element 530 illustrated in FIG. 53-FIG. 57 comprises a top face 530, a plurality of side walls 533 extending downwardly from the top face 531, a plurality of coupling studs 532 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 531 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 533 to receive the coupling studs 532 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 530 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. Side wall 5332 which accommodates color indicator 534 has two types of surfaces 5330 5331. The first type of surface area 5330 is at a greater depth compared to the second type of surface area 5331 when observed from the side of the building element 530. First type of surface area 5330 accommodates color indicator 534. The color indicator 534 in this exemplary embodiment of the present invention resemble a real object; leaf. The first type of surface area 5330 has a cavity 536 to releasably and frictionally engage coupling stud 538 of color indicator 534. The color indicator 534 has small slots 539 on sides for nails to make it easier to release color indicator 534 from cavity 536. As outer boundaries of top plan view of the color indicator 534 when it is attached with the building element 171 remain within the Standard Dimension, the building element 530 can frictionally engage with other building elements in large number of manners.
FIG. 58-FIG. 62 illustrate a green color building element 580 which has releasable color indicator 584 according to another exemplary embodiment of present invention. FIG. 58 is a top plan view of the building element 580. FIG. 59 is a side view of the building element 580 when color indicator 584 is released. FIG. 60 is a side view of the building element 580 when color indicator 584 is attached to the building element 580. FIG. 61 is the front view of releasable color indicator 584. Building element 580 as illustrated in FIG. 58-FIG. 62 comprises a top face 580, a plurality of side walls 583 extending downwardly from the top face 581, a plurality of coupling studs 582 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 581 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 583 to receive the coupling studs 582 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 580 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. Side wall 5832 which accommodates color indicator 584 has two types of surfaces 5830 5831. First type of surface area 5830 is at a greater depth compared to second type of surface area 5831 when observed from the side of the building element 580. First type of surface area 5830 accommodates color indicator 584. Color indicator 584 in this exemplary embodiment of the present invention resembles a real object; leaf. The first type of surface area 5830 has a coupling stud 586 to frictionally engage cavity 588 of the color indicator 584. The color indicator 584 has small slots 589 on sides for nails to make it easier to release color indicator 584 from coupling stud 586. As outer boundaries of top plan view of the color indicator 584 when it is attached with the building element 171 remains within the Standard Dimension, the building element 580 can frictionally engage with other building elements in large number of manners.
FIG. 63-FIG. 65 illustrate building elements 630 640 650 of green, brown and red color respectively according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention and which is contained within a construction building set. The green color building element 630 illustrated in FIG. 63 comprises a top face 631, a plurality of side walls 633 extending downwardly from the top face 631, a plurality of coupling studs 632 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 631 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 633 to receive the coupling studs 632 642 652 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities 634 of building element 630 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. Color indicator 634 of the building element 630 is a leaf symbol printed or in the form of three-dimensional lines positioned within the external surface of the side wall 633. The brown color building element 640 illustrated in FIG. 64 comprises a top face 641, a plurality of side walls 643 extending downwardly from the top face 641, a plurality of coupling studs 642 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 641 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 643 to receive the coupling studs 632 642 652 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 640 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The color indicator 644 of the building element 640 is a mountain symbol printed or in the form of three-dimensional lines positioned within the external surface of the side wall 643. The red color building element 650 illustrated in FIG. 65 comprises a top face 651, a plurality of side walls 653 extending downwardly from the top face 651, a plurality of coupling studs 652 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 651 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 653 to receive the coupling studs 632 642 652 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of the building element 650 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The color indicator 654 of the building element 650 is a flower symbol which is printed or is in the form of three-dimensional lines positioned within the external surface of the side wall 653.
FIG. 66 illustrates building element 660 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The building element 660 illustrated in FIG. 66 comprises a top face 661, a plurality of side walls 663 extending downwardly from the top face 661, a plurality of coupling studs 662 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 661 and a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 663 to receive the coupling studs 662 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 660 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The building element 660 has brown color side walls with a picture of a flower which has red petals 6612 and green leaves 6613. The brown color of the building element 660 is indicated by color indicator 664. The building element 660 has boundary 6610 on side walls 663 in the form of a three-dimensional line. The boundary 6610 indicates the exact/approximate dimensions of the area whose color is represented by color indicator 664. A reference point 665 indicates the position of the color indicator 664. In this exemplary embodiment, broken line of the boundary 665 indicates the position of the color indicator 664. The dimensions of red petals 6612 and green leaves 6613 are too small to accommodate the information of the color, in the form of a color indicator. Including color indicator in the surface area of red petals 6612 and green leaves 6613, may also spoil the outlook of the red petals 6612 and green leaves 6613. Building element 660 contains a color map 6614 to include the color information for petals 6612 and leaves 6613. The position of the color map 6614 is indicated by a reference point which is a large size square 6611 in the case of building element 660. In color map 6614, red petals 6612 are represented by a petal shaped symbol 666 and the red color is represented by spatially distributed squared shape three-dimensional structures 667. Similarly, leaves 6613 are represented by leaves shaped symbol 668 and the green color is represented by spatially distributed squared shape three-dimensional structures 669.
FIG. 67 illustrates building element 670 with large coupling studs and contained in a construction building set according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Building element 670 illustrated in FIG. 67 comprises a top face 671, a plurality of side walls 673 extending downwardly from the top face 671, a plurality of coupling studs 672 which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face 671 and cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern between the side walls 673 to receive the coupling studs 672 from other building elements in frictional engagement. The cavities of building element 672 are of the same style as of building element 171 illustrated in FIG. 19. The building element 670 has brown color side walls with a picture of a flower which has red petals 6712 and green leaves 6713. The brown color of the building element 670 is indicated by color indicator 674. The building element 670 has a boundary 6710 in the form of a three-dimensional line. The boundary 6710 indicates the exact/approximate dimensions of the area whose color is represented by color indicator 674. A reference point 675 indicates the position of the color indicator 674. In this exemplary embodiment, broken line of the boundary 675 indicates the position of the color indicator 674. The dimensions of red petals 6712 and green leaves 6713 are too small to accommodate the information of the color, in the form of a color indicator. Including color indicator in the surface area of red petals 6712 and green leaves 6713, may also spoil the outlook of the red petals 6712 and green leaves 6713. Building element 670 contains a color map 6714 to include the color information for petals 6712 and leaves 6713. The position of the color map 6714 is indicated by a reference point which is a large size square 6711 in the case of building element 670. In color map 6711, red petals 6712 are represented by a petal shaped symbol 676 and the red color is represented by spatially distributed squared shape three-dimensional structures 677. Similarly, the leaves 6713 are represented by the leaves shaped symbol 678 and the green color is represented by spatially distributed squared shape three-dimensional structures 679.
The building set according to the present invention also includes a literature which includes the information of symbols and colors represented by color indicators of the building element. This literature can be used to learn about color indicators.
It is to be understood that while the detailed description describes the present invention, the foregoing description is for illustrative purpose and does not limit the scope of the present invention which is defined by the scope of the appended claims. Other embodiments, arrangements and equivalents will be evident to those skilled in the art. Such other embodiments, arrangements and equivalents are within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A building element for a constructional building set comprising:

a. a top face.

b. a plurality of side walls extending downwardly from the top face.

c. a plurality of coupling studs which are arranged in a two-dimensional periodical pattern on the top face

d. a plurality of cavities arranged in a two-dimensional periodical pattern between the side walls to receive the coupling studs in frictional engagement

e. at least one color indicator which is positioned on the external surface of the building element and indicates the color of at least one surface area of the building element

2. A building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer boundaries of the top plan view of the said building element are within the standard dimension of the building element; wherein standard dimension of the said element is defined as outer boundaries of an area which is union of standard cell areas for all those coupling studs which are arranged in two-dimensional periodic pattern on the top face of a base plate and overlap fully or partially with area that is bounded by the outer boundary of top view of the said building element when the said building element is frictionally engaged with the said base plate and said base plate has a size larger than outer boundaries of top view of the said building element; also wherein a standard cell area of said coupling stud/cavity is a squared area with each side of size d where d is the minimum distance between centers of adjacent said coupling studs/cavities existing in the same two-dimensional plane.

3. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said color indicator is in form of at least one three dimensional space positioned within the external surface of the said building element.

4. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said color indicator is in form of at least one three-dimensional protruding structure positioned on the external surface of the said building element.

5. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said color indicator is printed on the external surface of the said building element.

6. A building element according to claim 1, wherein same color indicator is positioned on more than one side walls of the said building element.

7. A building element according to claim 4, wherein said three dimensional protruding structure releasably attach with the external surface of the said building element.

8. A building element according to claim 1, wherein position of the said color indicator indicates the color of at least one surface area of the said building element.

9. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the dimensions of the said color indicator indicates the the color of at least one surface area of the said building element.

10. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the color indicator is a model of a real object.

11. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the color indicator is at least one character.

12. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the color indicator represents a binary string.

13. A building element according to claim 1, wherein color indicator also represent the type or strength of a color.

14. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said multiple color indicators are combined to represent a new color.

15. A building element according to claim 1, wherein top face area of the said building element is comprised of multiple subareas.

16. A building element according to claim 1, wherein the said cavities to accommodate said coupling studs are positioned in different subareas.

17. A building element according to claim 1, wherein said building element has boundaries to indicate the area that is represented by the said color indicator.

18. A building element according to claim 1, wherein it has a color map which includes the indicator of at least one subarea and its color information.

19. A building element according to claim 8, wherein a reference point is positioned on the external surface of the said building element and used to facilitate differentiate positions of the color indicator.

20. A construction building set containing at least one building element according to claim 1.