US20100319829A1 - Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same - Google Patents
Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- US20100319829A1 US20100319829A1 US12/864,996 US86499609A US2010319829A1 US 20100319829 A1 US20100319829 A1 US 20100319829A1 US 86499609 A US86499609 A US 86499609A US 2010319829 A1 US2010319829 A1 US 2010319829A1
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- Prior art keywords
- tire
- layer
- film
- rubber
- film layers
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C5/00—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes
- B60C5/12—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim
- B60C5/14—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim with impervious liner or coating on the inner wall of the tyre
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/0681—Parts of pneumatic tyres; accessories, auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/08—Building tyres
- B29D30/10—Building tyres on round cores, i.e. the shape of the core is approximately identical with the shape of the completed tyre
- B29D30/16—Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application
- B29D30/1621—Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application by feeding a continuous band and winding it spirally, i.e. the band is fed without relative movement along the core axis, to form an annular element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/08—Building tyres
- B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
- B29D30/30—Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application
- B29D30/3021—Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application by feeding a continuous band and winding it spirally, i.e. the band is fed without relative movement along the drum axis, to form an annular element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0008—Compositions of the inner liner
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/0681—Parts of pneumatic tyres; accessories, auxiliary operations
- B29D2030/0682—Inner liners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C5/00—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes
- B60C5/12—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim
- B60C5/14—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim with impervious liner or coating on the inner wall of the tyre
- B60C2005/145—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim with impervious liner or coating on the inner wall of the tyre made of laminated layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C5/00—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes
- B60C5/12—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim
- B60C5/14—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim with impervious liner or coating on the inner wall of the tyre
- B60C2005/147—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim with impervious liner or coating on the inner wall of the tyre characterised by the joint or splice
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
- Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
- Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire which includes a film layer of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin, and to a process for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire which is capable of retaining a satisfactory uniformity even though film layers are superposed by winding a film layer multiple times in a circumferential direction of the tire, and to a process for producing the same.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese patent application Kokai publication No. Hei. 8-217923
- Patent Document 2 Japanese patent application Kokai publication No. Hei. 11-199713
- Patent Document 3 Japanese patent application Kokai publication No. Hei. 9-52502
- An object of the present invention is to provide: a pneumatic tire which is capable of retaining a satisfactory uniformity even though film layers are superposed by winding a film layer in a circumferential direction of the tire multiple times, the film layer being made of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin; and a process for producing the same.
- a pneumatic tire of the present invention aiming to achieve the above-described object is a pneumatic tire which includes film layers superposed by winding a film layer in a circumferential direction of the tire a plurality of times, the film layer being made of any one of a thermoplastic resin and a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin, characterized in that a rubber layer is interposed between the film layers.
- a process for producing the pneumatic tire of the present invention aiming to achieve the above-described object is a process for producing a pneumatic tire characterized by comprising: preparing a laminated body in which a rubber layer is stuck to at least one surface of a film layer made of any one of a thermoplastic resin and a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin; interposing the rubber layer between the film layers by winding the laminated body in a circumferential direction of the tire a plurality times; forming an uncured tire which includes the film layers and the rubber layers; and curing the tire.
- the pneumatic tire is capable of retaining a satisfactory uniformity even when the film layers which are superposed by winding the film layer in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times.
- the manufacturing of the pneumatic tire according to the present invention be achieved by: preparing a laminated body obtained by sticking a rubber layer to at least one surface of a film layer; interposing the rubber layer between the film layers by winding the laminated body in a circumferential direction of the tire multiple times; and forming an uncured tire which includes the film layers and the rubber layers.
- the rubber film can be easily inserted between the film layers.
- the film layer can be used as one of the various component members of a tire. Nevertheless, it is desirable that the film layer should constitute an air-permeation preventive film placed closer to an inner-cavity of the tire than a carcass layer is. In this case, the tire can exhibit a satisfactory capability of preventing air permeation owing to the superposed film layers.
- FIG. 1 is a meridian half cross-sectional view showing a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a magnified cross-sectional view showing an air-permeation preventive layer included in the pneumatic tire shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a winding structure in which a laminated body including a film layer and a rubber layer is wound.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another winding structure in which the laminated body including the film layer and the rubber layer is wound.
- FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows an air-permeation preventive layer included in the pneumatic tire.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a tread part; 2 , a sidewall part; and 3 , a bead part.
- a carcass layer 4 is laid between the paired left and right bead parts 3 , 3 . Each end portion of the carcass layer 4 is folded back from the inner side to the outer side of the tire around a bead core 5 .
- Multiple belt layers 6 are buried in the tread part 1 , which is situated at an outer peripheral side of the carcass layer 4 . These belt layers 6 are placed there in a way that: a reinforcement cord of each belt layer 6 tilt from a circumferential direction of the tire; and the reinforcement cords of the respective belt layer 6 cross over each other.
- an air-permeation preventive layer 7 is placed closer to an inner-cavity of the tire than the carcass layer 4 is.
- the air-permeation preventive layer 7 has a structure in which film layers 11 of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition are superposed by winding a film layer 11 in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times.
- a laminated body 10 obtained by sticking a rubber layer 12 to one surface of the film layer 11 is wound in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times.
- the air-permeation preventive layer 7 has a structure in which the rubber layer 12 , the film layer 11 , the rubber layer 12 and the film layer 11 are superposed on one another from the inner-cavity side of the tire. Thereby, the rubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11 throughout the film layers 11 .
- the thickness of the film layer 11 may be selected from a range of 0.002 mm to 0.9 mm, although no specific restriction is imposed on the thickness of the film layer 11 .
- a butyl rubber, a diene-based rubber, or the like may be used for the rubber layer 12 , although no specific restriction is imposed on a rubber for the rubber layer 12 .
- the pneumatic tire having the foregoing configuration is obtained with the following scheme.
- the air-permeation preventive layer with the laminated structure in which the rubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11 is formed by winding the laminated body 10 , obtained by sticking the rubber layer 12 to one surface of the film layer 11 , around a making drum multiple times.
- a primary green tire is formed by sticking the tire component members, inclusive of a carcass layer, a bead core, a bead filler and a sidewall rubber, onto the air-permeation preventive layer.
- a secondary green tire uncured tire
- An interlayer tacking force between the film layers 11 can be made uniform, since the rubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11 when the film layers 11 of the thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition are superposed by winding the film layer 11 in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times.
- the tacking force is not uniform due to influence of air remaining between the film layers 11 .
- the rubber layer 12 which has a high adhesiveness when not vulcanized, is interposed between the film layers 11 , the tacking force can be made uniform.
- the film layers 11 are less likely to displace from each other due to a stick-slip phenomenon. For this reason, even though the film layers 11 are superposed by winding the film layer 11 in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times, the uncured tire can be expanded evenly during the tire making process. Accordingly, the cured tire is capable of retaining a satisfactory uniformity.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams each showing a winding structure in which the laminated body including the film layer and the rubber layer is wound. Note that FIGS. 3 and 4 are the schematic diagrams each showing a cross section of the member placed around the making drum, which is taken along a plane orthogonal to an axis of the drum.
- the laminated body 10 including the film layer 11 and the rubber layer 12 is continuously wound in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times. Thereby, the rubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11 .
- each circle of the laminated body 10 is made using a discrete member.
- the laminated body 10 situated outward in a radius direction of the tire is wound in a way that the laminated body 10 covers a splice part of the laminated body 10 situated inward in the radial direction of the tire.
- the rubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11 .
- the laminated body 10 obtained by sticking the rubber layer 12 to one surface of the film layer 11 is used; and the laminated body 10 is arranged in a way that the rubber layer 12 is exposed to the inner surface of the tire.
- the laminated body 10 may be arranged in a way that the film layer 11 is exposed to the inner surface of the tire.
- a laminated body 10 obtained by sticking the rubber layer 12 to the both sides of the film layer 11 may be used.
- This film can be made of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition which is obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin.
- thermoplastic resin used for the present invention examples include: polyamide resins [for instance, nylon 6 (N6), nylon 66 (N66), nylon 46 (N46), nylon 11 (N11), nylon 12 (N12), nylon 610 (N610), nylon (N612), a nylon 6/66 copolymer (N6/66), a nylon Jun.
- polyamide resins for instance, nylon 6 (N6), nylon 66 (N66), nylon 46 (N46), nylon 11 (N11), nylon 12 (N12), nylon 610 (N610), nylon (N612), a nylon 6/66 copolymer (N6/66), a nylon Jun.
- polyester resins for instance, aromatic polyesters such as polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene isophthalate (PEI), a polybutylene terephthalate/tetramethylene glycol copolymer, a PET/PEI copolymer, polyarylate (PAR), polybutylene naphthalate (PBN), liquid-crystal polyester, and a polyoxyalkylene diimidic acid/polybutylene terephthalate copolymer]; polynitrile resins [for instance, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polymethacrylonitrile, an acrylonitrile/styrene copolymer (AS), a methacrylonitrile
- Examples of the elastomer to be used for the present invention include: diene-based rubbers and hydrogenated diene-based rubbers [for instance, NR, IR, epoxidized natural rubbers, SBR, butadiene rubbers (high cis BR and low cis BR), NBR, hydrogenated NBR and hydrogenated SBR]; olefin-based rubbers [for instance, ethylene propylene rubbers (EPDM, EPM), and a maleic-modified ethylene propylene rubber (M-EPM)]; a butyl rubber (IIR); a copolymer of an isobutylene and an aromatic vinyl monomer or a diene-based monomer; an acrylic rubber (ACM); an ionomer; halogen-containing rubbers [for instance, Br-IIR, Cl-IIR, a bromized isobutylene para-methyl styrene copolymer (Br-IPMS), chloroprene rubber (CR),
- the composition ratio between the thermoplastic resin component (A) and the elastomer component (B) may be determined with consideration being given to the balance between the thickness and the flexibility of the film layer depending on the necessity. It is preferable that the composition ratio should be determined within a range of 10/90 to 90/10 (in terms of ratio by weight). It is more preferable that the composition ratio should be determined within a range of 20/80 to 85/15 (in terms of ratio by weight).
- thermoplastic elastomer composition As a third component in addition to the essential components (A) and (B), a different polymer, such as a compatibilizer, and a compounding ingredient may be mixed into the thermoplastic elastomer composition according to the present invention.
- a different polymer such as a compatibilizer, and a compounding ingredient
- Purposes of the mixture of a different polymer into the thermoplastic elastomer composition include, for example: the improvement of the compatibility between the thermoplastic resin component and the elastomer component; the improvement of the workability with which the material is molded into the film; the enhancement of the heat resistance of the material; and the cost reduction.
- the material to be used for the different polymer include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, ABS, SBS and polycarbonate.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition is obtained by beforehand melting and kneading the thermoplastic resin and the elastomer (unvulcanized elastomer when the elastomer is a rubber) by use of a biaxial kneader-extruder or the like, and thereby dispersing the elastomer component into the thermoplastic resin which forms a continuous phase.
- the vulcanization of the elastomer component may be achieved by dynamically vulcanizing the elastomer by adding a vulcanizing agent to the elastomer during the kneading process.
- compounding agents (except for the vulcanizing agent) for the thermoplastic resin or the elastomer component may be added to the thermoplastic resin or the elastomer component during the kneading process. Nevertheless, it is desirable that the compounding agents (except for the vulcanizing agent) should be added thereto before the kneading process.
- No specific restriction is imposed on the kneading machine used to knead the thermoplastic resin and the elastomer. Examples of the kneading machine include a screw kneader, a kneader, a Banbury mixer, and a biaxial kneader-extruder.
- the biaxial kneader-extruder should be used to knead the resin component and the rubber component, as well as to dynamically knead the rubber component.
- the resin component and the rubber component may be kneaded by using two or more types of kneading machine sequentially.
- the temperature should be equal to or higher than a temperature at which the thermoplastic resin melts; the shear rate should be 2500 to 7500 sec ⁇ 1 during the kneading process; the total time needed for the kneading process should be 30 seconds to 10 minutes; and in a case where the vulcanizing agent is added thereto, the time needed for the vulcanizing process should be 15 seconds to 5 minutes after adding the vulcanizing agent thereto.
- the thermoplastic elastomer composition which has been produced with the above-described method, is formed into a film by molding with the kneader-extruder, or by calendar molding. A usual method of forming a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer into a film may be used as the method of forming the thermoplastic elastomer composition, which has been produced with the above-described method, into a film.
- a thin film of the thus-obtained thermoplastic elastomer composition has a structure in which, as a discontinuous phase, the elastomer is dispersed in the thermoplastic resin matrix.
- the Young's modulus of the thin film can be set in a range of 1 to 500 MPa under the standard atmosphere specified by JIS K7100, and the thin film can be accordingly provided with rigidity suitable for a tire component member.
- thermoplastic resin or thermoplastic elastomer composition After the above-described thermoplastic resin or thermoplastic elastomer composition is formed into a sheet or film, the sheet or film may be buried in the inside of the tire as a single member. However, an adhesion layer may be attached to the sheet or film for enhancing the adhesion of the sheet or film to the adjacent rubber layer.
- the adhesive polymer include: an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) with a molecular weight of one million or more, preferably 3 million or more; acrylate copolymers and maleic anhydride adducts of acrylate copolymers such as an ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), an ethylene-methyl acrylate resin (EMA), and an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (EAA); polypropylene (PP) and maleic-modified polypropylene; an ethylene-propylene copolymer and a maleic-modified ethylene-propylene copolymer; a polybutadiene-based resin and maleic anhydride-modified ethylene polybutadiene-based resin; a styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBS); a styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene-styrene-styren
- These adhesive polymers can be formed into a sheet or film in accordance with the conventional method, for instance, by use of a resin extruder. No specific restriction is imposed on the thickness of the adhesive film, but a thinner adhesive film is better from a viewpoint of reduction of the weight of the tire. It is desirable that the thickness of the adhesive film should be 5 m ⁇ to 150 m ⁇ .
- Pneumatic tires each with a tire size of 205/70R15 according to Conventional Example and Examples 1 to 2 were produced in a way that: the film layer of the thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending the elastomer (bromized butyl rubber) with the thermoplastic resin (nylon 6, 66) is used in the air-permeation preventive layer of each pneumatic tire; and the structure of the air-permeation preventive layer is different among the pneumatic tires.
- the air-permeation preventive layer is formed to include the film layers superposed by winding the film layer in the circumferential direction of the tire continuously twice. No rubber layer is interposed between the film layers in the pneumatic tire according to Conventional Example.
- the air-permeation preventive layer is formed to include a laminated structure in which the rubber layer is interposed between the film layers by winding a single laminated body, in which the rubber layer is stuck to one surface of the film layer, in the circumferential direction of the tire continuously twice.
- the air-permeation preventive layer is formed to include a laminated structure in which the rubber layer is interposed between the film layers by winding two discrete laminated bodies, in each of which the rubber layer is stuck to one surface of the film layer, in the circumferential direction of the tire once in away that the splice portions of the respective discrete laminated bodies do not overlap each other.
- the radial force variation was measured in accordance with the uniformity test method for an automobile tire which is specified by JASO C607.
- the radial force variation of the test tire according to Conventional Example was indexed at 100, and the radial force variations of the respective test tires according to Examples 1 and 2 were indexed relative to that according to Conventional Example.
- the index value of the radial force variation of the test tire according to Example 1 was 92, and the index value of the radial force variation of the test tire according to Example 2 was 90.
- the tires according to Examples 1 and 2 were better in the uniformity than the tire according to Convention Example.
Abstract
Provided are: a pneumatic tire capable of retaining a satisfactory uniformity even though the tire includes film layers superposed by winding a film layer in a circumferential direction of the tire multiple times; and a process for producing the same. The present invention is the pneumatic tire including the film layers of the thermoplastic resin or the thermoplastic elastomer composition made by blending the elastomer with the thermoplastic resin, which are superposed by winding the film layer in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times, the tire wherein a rubber film is interposed between the film layers. The process for producing the pneumatic tire includes: preparing a laminated body in which the rubber layer is stuck to at least one surface of the film layer; interposing the rubber layer between the film layers by winding the laminated body in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times; forming an uncured tire which includes the film layers and the rubber layers; and curing the tire.
Description
- The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire which includes a film layer of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin, and to a process for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire which is capable of retaining a satisfactory uniformity even though film layers are superposed by winding a film layer multiple times in a circumferential direction of the tire, and to a process for producing the same.
- Recent years, proposals have been made on a pneumatic tire in which a film layer of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin is placed as an air-permeation preventive layer on an inner surface of the tire (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, for instance).
- In a case where a pneumatic tire including such a film layer is required to have a high capability of preventing air permeation as a truck tire, a bus tire and a construction vehicle tire, film layers need to be superposed by winding the film layer in a circumferential direction of the tire multiple times (see Patent Document 3, for instance). This is because, if the capability of preventing air permeation is enhanced through making a single film layer thicker, the rigidity of the thicker film layer becomes too high, and a tire making process accordingly becomes difficult. In other words, the superposition of thin film layers allows each film layer to be kept flexible, and concurrently secures a desired capability of preventing air permeation for a pneumatic tire owing to the superposed film layers.
- However, when film layers are superposed on one another by winding a film layer in the circumferential direction of a tire multiple times, an interlayer tacking force (bonding force) between the film layers tends to be uneven at different locations due to, for instance, air remaining between the film layers. In addition, when an external force large enough to displace film layers from each other works on the film layers, what is termed as a stick-slip phenomenon (frictional vibrations involving an alternate series of motions and stops due to an external force and a frictional force) tends to occur because the film layers are high in rigidity. For this reason, when the film layers are superposed by winding a film layer in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times, it is difficult to expand an uncured tire evenly. Furthermore, in a case where the uncured tire is expanded unevenly due to the superposed film layers, the uneven expansion adversely affects the casing structure including a carcass layer and belt layers, and thus causes a problem of deteriorating the uniformity of the tire.
- Patent Document 1: Japanese patent application Kokai publication No. Hei. 8-217923
Patent Document 2: Japanese patent application Kokai publication No. Hei. 11-199713
Patent Document 3: Japanese patent application Kokai publication No. Hei. 9-52502 - An object of the present invention is to provide: a pneumatic tire which is capable of retaining a satisfactory uniformity even though film layers are superposed by winding a film layer in a circumferential direction of the tire multiple times, the film layer being made of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin; and a process for producing the same.
- A pneumatic tire of the present invention aiming to achieve the above-described object is a pneumatic tire which includes film layers superposed by winding a film layer in a circumferential direction of the tire a plurality of times, the film layer being made of any one of a thermoplastic resin and a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin, characterized in that a rubber layer is interposed between the film layers.
- Further, a process for producing the pneumatic tire of the present invention aiming to achieve the above-described object is a process for producing a pneumatic tire characterized by comprising: preparing a laminated body in which a rubber layer is stuck to at least one surface of a film layer made of any one of a thermoplastic resin and a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin; interposing the rubber layer between the film layers by winding the laminated body in a circumferential direction of the tire a plurality times; forming an uncured tire which includes the film layers and the rubber layers; and curing the tire.
- In the present invention, when film layers of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition are superposed on one another by winding a film layer in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times, a rubber layer is interposed between the film layers. This makes a tacking force between the film layers uniform, and inhibits a stick-slip phenomenon from occurring between the film layers, thereby allowing an uncured tire to be expanded evenly. Accordingly, the pneumatic tire is capable of retaining a satisfactory uniformity even when the film layers which are superposed by winding the film layer in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times.
- It is desirable that the manufacturing of the pneumatic tire according to the present invention be achieved by: preparing a laminated body obtained by sticking a rubber layer to at least one surface of a film layer; interposing the rubber layer between the film layers by winding the laminated body in a circumferential direction of the tire multiple times; and forming an uncured tire which includes the film layers and the rubber layers. In this case, the rubber film can be easily inserted between the film layers.
- In the present invention, the film layer can be used as one of the various component members of a tire. Nevertheless, it is desirable that the film layer should constitute an air-permeation preventive film placed closer to an inner-cavity of the tire than a carcass layer is. In this case, the tire can exhibit a satisfactory capability of preventing air permeation owing to the superposed film layers.
-
FIG. 1 is a meridian half cross-sectional view showing a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a magnified cross-sectional view showing an air-permeation preventive layer included in the pneumatic tire shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a winding structure in which a laminated body including a film layer and a rubber layer is wound. -
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another winding structure in which the laminated body including the film layer and the rubber layer is wound. -
- 1 tread part
- 2 sidewall part
- 3 bead part
- 4 carcass layer
- 5 bead core
- 6 belt layer
- 7 air-permeation preventive layer
- 10 laminated body
- 11 film layer
- 12 rubber layer
- Detailed descriptions will be hereinbelow provided for a configuration according to the present invention with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 2 shows an air-permeation preventive layer included in the pneumatic tire. InFIG. 1 , reference numeral 1 denotes a tread part; 2, a sidewall part; and 3, a bead part. A carcass layer 4 is laid between the paired left and right bead parts 3, 3. Each end portion of the carcass layer 4 is folded back from the inner side to the outer side of the tire around abead core 5. Multiple belt layers 6 are buried in the tread part 1, which is situated at an outer peripheral side of the carcass layer 4. These belt layers 6 are placed there in a way that: a reinforcement cord of each belt layer 6 tilt from a circumferential direction of the tire; and the reinforcement cords of the respective belt layer 6 cross over each other. - In the pneumatic tire described above, an air-permeation
preventive layer 7 is placed closer to an inner-cavity of the tire than the carcass layer 4 is. As shown inFIG. 2 , the air-permeationpreventive layer 7 has a structure in whichfilm layers 11 of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition are superposed by winding afilm layer 11 in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times. To put it more specifically, a laminatedbody 10 obtained by sticking arubber layer 12 to one surface of thefilm layer 11 is wound in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times. As a result, the air-permeationpreventive layer 7 has a structure in which therubber layer 12, thefilm layer 11, therubber layer 12 and thefilm layer 11 are superposed on one another from the inner-cavity side of the tire. Thereby, therubber layer 12 is interposed between thefilm layers 11 throughout thefilm layers 11. - The thickness of the
film layer 11 may be selected from a range of 0.002 mm to 0.9 mm, although no specific restriction is imposed on the thickness of thefilm layer 11. On the other hand, it is desirable that the thickness of therubber layer 12 should be 0.1 mm to 1.8 mm. When therubber layer 12 is too thin, it is difficult to laminate therubber layer 12 and thefilm layer 11 together. When therubber layer 12 is too thick, therubber layer 12 becomes heavier. A butyl rubber, a diene-based rubber, or the like may be used for therubber layer 12, although no specific restriction is imposed on a rubber for therubber layer 12. - The pneumatic tire having the foregoing configuration is obtained with the following scheme. The air-permeation preventive layer with the laminated structure in which the
rubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11 is formed by winding thelaminated body 10, obtained by sticking therubber layer 12 to one surface of thefilm layer 11, around a making drum multiple times. Subsequently, a primary green tire is formed by sticking the tire component members, inclusive of a carcass layer, a bead core, a bead filler and a sidewall rubber, onto the air-permeation preventive layer. Thereafter, a secondary green tire (uncured tire) is formed by sticking a belt layer and a tread rubber to the primary green tire while the primary green tire is expanded radially into a toroidal shape. Afterward, the secondary green tire is cured. - An interlayer tacking force between the film layers 11 can be made uniform, since the
rubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11 when the film layers 11 of the thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition are superposed by winding thefilm layer 11 in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times. In other words, when norubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11, the tacking force is not uniform due to influence of air remaining between the film layers 11. In contrast, when therubber layer 12, which has a high adhesiveness when not vulcanized, is interposed between the film layers 11, the tacking force can be made uniform. Furthermore, when therubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11, the film layers 11 are less likely to displace from each other due to a stick-slip phenomenon. For this reason, even though the film layers 11 are superposed by winding thefilm layer 11 in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times, the uncured tire can be expanded evenly during the tire making process. Accordingly, the cured tire is capable of retaining a satisfactory uniformity. -
FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams each showing a winding structure in which the laminated body including the film layer and the rubber layer is wound. Note thatFIGS. 3 and 4 are the schematic diagrams each showing a cross section of the member placed around the making drum, which is taken along a plane orthogonal to an axis of the drum. - In
FIG. 3 , thelaminated body 10 including thefilm layer 11 and therubber layer 12 is continuously wound in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times. Thereby, therubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11. - In
FIG. 4 , although thelaminated body 10 including thefilm layer 11 and therubber layer 12 is wound in the circumferential direction of the tire multiple times, each circle of thelaminated body 10 is made using a discrete member. To put it more specifically, thelaminated body 10 situated outward in a radius direction of the tire is wound in a way that thelaminated body 10 covers a splice part of thelaminated body 10 situated inward in the radial direction of the tire. Thereby, therubber layer 12 is interposed between the film layers 11. - The foregoing embodiment has been described as a case in which: the
laminated body 10 obtained by sticking therubber layer 12 to one surface of thefilm layer 11 is used; and thelaminated body 10 is arranged in a way that therubber layer 12 is exposed to the inner surface of the tire. Instead, thelaminated body 10 may be arranged in a way that thefilm layer 11 is exposed to the inner surface of the tire. Otherwise, alaminated body 10 obtained by sticking therubber layer 12 to the both sides of thefilm layer 11 may be used. - Descriptions will be hereinbelow provided for the film layer which is used in the present invention. This film can be made of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition which is obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin.
- Examples of the thermoplastic resin used for the present invention include: polyamide resins [for instance, nylon 6 (N6), nylon 66 (N66), nylon 46 (N46), nylon 11 (N11), nylon 12 (N12), nylon 610 (N610), nylon (N612), a nylon 6/66 copolymer (N6/66), a nylon Jun. 66, 19610 copolymer (N6/66/610), nylon MXD6, nylon 6T, a nylon 6/6T copolymer, a nylon 66/PP copolymer, and a nylon 66/PPS copolymer]; polyester resins [for instance, aromatic polyesters such as polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene isophthalate (PEI), a polybutylene terephthalate/tetramethylene glycol copolymer, a PET/PEI copolymer, polyarylate (PAR), polybutylene naphthalate (PBN), liquid-crystal polyester, and a polyoxyalkylene diimidic acid/polybutylene terephthalate copolymer]; polynitrile resins [for instance, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polymethacrylonitrile, an acrylonitrile/styrene copolymer (AS), a methacrylonitrile/styrene copolymer, and a methacrylonitrile/styrene/butadiene copolymer]; poly(meta)acrylate resins [for instance, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyethylmethacrylate, an ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), an ethylene acrylic acid copolymer (EAA), and an ethylene methyl acrylate resin (EMA)]; polyvinyl resins [for instance, vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a vinyl alcohol/ethylene copolymer (EVOH), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a vinyl chloride/vinylidene chloride copolymer, and a vinylidene chloride/methyl acrylate copolymer]; cellulosic resins [for instance, cellulose acetate, and cellulose acetate butyrate]; fluororesins [for instance, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polychlorofluoroethylene (PCTFE), and a tetrafluoroethylene/ethylene copolymer (ETFE)]; and imide resins [for instance, aromatic polyimide (PI)].
- Examples of the elastomer to be used for the present invention include: diene-based rubbers and hydrogenated diene-based rubbers [for instance, NR, IR, epoxidized natural rubbers, SBR, butadiene rubbers (high cis BR and low cis BR), NBR, hydrogenated NBR and hydrogenated SBR]; olefin-based rubbers [for instance, ethylene propylene rubbers (EPDM, EPM), and a maleic-modified ethylene propylene rubber (M-EPM)]; a butyl rubber (IIR); a copolymer of an isobutylene and an aromatic vinyl monomer or a diene-based monomer; an acrylic rubber (ACM); an ionomer; halogen-containing rubbers [for instance, Br-IIR, Cl-IIR, a bromized isobutylene para-methyl styrene copolymer (Br-IPMS), chloroprene rubber (CR), hydrin rubbers (CHC, CHR), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), chlorinated polyethylene (CM), and maleic-modified chlorinated polyethylene (M-CM)]; silicone rubbers [for instance, a methyl vinyl silicone rubber, a dimethyl silicone rubber, and a methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber]; sulfur-containing rubbers (for instance, a polysulfide rubber); fluoro rubbers [for instance, a vinylidene fluoride-based rubber, a fluorine-containing vinyl ether-based rubber, a tetrafluoroethylene-propylene-based rubber, a fluorine-containing silicon-based rubber, a fluorine-containing phosphagen-based rubber]; and thermoplastic elastomers [for instance, a styrene-based elastomer, an olefin-based elastomer, a polyester-based elastomer, a urethane-based elastomer, and a polyamide-based elastomer].
- In the thermoplastic elastomer composition to be used for the preset invention, the composition ratio between the thermoplastic resin component (A) and the elastomer component (B) may be determined with consideration being given to the balance between the thickness and the flexibility of the film layer depending on the necessity. It is preferable that the composition ratio should be determined within a range of 10/90 to 90/10 (in terms of ratio by weight). It is more preferable that the composition ratio should be determined within a range of 20/80 to 85/15 (in terms of ratio by weight).
- As a third component in addition to the essential components (A) and (B), a different polymer, such as a compatibilizer, and a compounding ingredient may be mixed into the thermoplastic elastomer composition according to the present invention. Purposes of the mixture of a different polymer into the thermoplastic elastomer composition include, for example: the improvement of the compatibility between the thermoplastic resin component and the elastomer component; the improvement of the workability with which the material is molded into the film; the enhancement of the heat resistance of the material; and the cost reduction. Examples of the material to be used for the different polymer include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, ABS, SBS and polycarbonate.
- The thermoplastic elastomer composition is obtained by beforehand melting and kneading the thermoplastic resin and the elastomer (unvulcanized elastomer when the elastomer is a rubber) by use of a biaxial kneader-extruder or the like, and thereby dispersing the elastomer component into the thermoplastic resin which forms a continuous phase. The vulcanization of the elastomer component may be achieved by dynamically vulcanizing the elastomer by adding a vulcanizing agent to the elastomer during the kneading process. In addition, compounding agents (except for the vulcanizing agent) for the thermoplastic resin or the elastomer component may be added to the thermoplastic resin or the elastomer component during the kneading process. Nevertheless, it is desirable that the compounding agents (except for the vulcanizing agent) should be added thereto before the kneading process. No specific restriction is imposed on the kneading machine used to knead the thermoplastic resin and the elastomer. Examples of the kneading machine include a screw kneader, a kneader, a Banbury mixer, and a biaxial kneader-extruder. It is desirable that, out of these machines, the biaxial kneader-extruder should be used to knead the resin component and the rubber component, as well as to dynamically knead the rubber component. Furthermore, the resin component and the rubber component may be kneaded by using two or more types of kneading machine sequentially. With regard to conditions for melting and kneading the resin component and the rubber component, it is desirable that: the temperature should be equal to or higher than a temperature at which the thermoplastic resin melts; the shear rate should be 2500 to 7500 sec−1 during the kneading process; the total time needed for the kneading process should be 30 seconds to 10 minutes; and in a case where the vulcanizing agent is added thereto, the time needed for the vulcanizing process should be 15 seconds to 5 minutes after adding the vulcanizing agent thereto. The thermoplastic elastomer composition, which has been produced with the above-described method, is formed into a film by molding with the kneader-extruder, or by calendar molding. A usual method of forming a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer into a film may be used as the method of forming the thermoplastic elastomer composition, which has been produced with the above-described method, into a film.
- A thin film of the thus-obtained thermoplastic elastomer composition has a structure in which, as a discontinuous phase, the elastomer is dispersed in the thermoplastic resin matrix. In the case where the thin film has the dispersion structure in this condition, the Young's modulus of the thin film can be set in a range of 1 to 500 MPa under the standard atmosphere specified by JIS K7100, and the thin film can be accordingly provided with rigidity suitable for a tire component member.
- After the above-described thermoplastic resin or thermoplastic elastomer composition is formed into a sheet or film, the sheet or film may be buried in the inside of the tire as a single member. However, an adhesion layer may be attached to the sheet or film for enhancing the adhesion of the sheet or film to the adjacent rubber layer. Specific examples of the adhesive polymer, of which this adhesion layer is made, include: an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) with a molecular weight of one million or more, preferably 3 million or more; acrylate copolymers and maleic anhydride adducts of acrylate copolymers such as an ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), an ethylene-methyl acrylate resin (EMA), and an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (EAA); polypropylene (PP) and maleic-modified polypropylene; an ethylene-propylene copolymer and a maleic-modified ethylene-propylene copolymer; a polybutadiene-based resin and maleic anhydride-modified ethylene polybutadiene-based resin; a styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBS); a styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SEBS); a fluoride-based thermoplastic resin; and a polyester-based thermoplastic resin. These adhesive polymers can be formed into a sheet or film in accordance with the conventional method, for instance, by use of a resin extruder. No specific restriction is imposed on the thickness of the adhesive film, but a thinner adhesive film is better from a viewpoint of reduction of the weight of the tire. It is desirable that the thickness of the adhesive film should be 5 mμ to 150 mμ.
- The foregoing detailed descriptions have been provided for the preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be understood that various modifications, substitutions and replacements can be made for the embodiment as long as the modifications, substitutions and replacements do not deviate from the spirit or scope of the present invention which is defined by the attached scope of claims.
- Pneumatic tires each with a tire size of 205/70R15 according to Conventional Example and Examples 1 to 2 were produced in a way that: the film layer of the thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending the elastomer (bromized butyl rubber) with the thermoplastic resin (nylon 6, 66) is used in the air-permeation preventive layer of each pneumatic tire; and the structure of the air-permeation preventive layer is different among the pneumatic tires.
- In the pneumatic tire according to Conventional Example, the air-permeation preventive layer is formed to include the film layers superposed by winding the film layer in the circumferential direction of the tire continuously twice. No rubber layer is interposed between the film layers in the pneumatic tire according to Conventional Example.
- In the pneumatic tire according to Example 1, the air-permeation preventive layer is formed to include a laminated structure in which the rubber layer is interposed between the film layers by winding a single laminated body, in which the rubber layer is stuck to one surface of the film layer, in the circumferential direction of the tire continuously twice.
- In the pneumatic tire according to Example 2, the air-permeation preventive layer is formed to include a laminated structure in which the rubber layer is interposed between the film layers by winding two discrete laminated bodies, in each of which the rubber layer is stuck to one surface of the film layer, in the circumferential direction of the tire once in away that the splice portions of the respective discrete laminated bodies do not overlap each other.
- For each of the test tires, the radial force variation (RFV) was measured in accordance with the uniformity test method for an automobile tire which is specified by JASO C607. The radial force variation of the test tire according to Conventional Example was indexed at 100, and the radial force variations of the respective test tires according to Examples 1 and 2 were indexed relative to that according to Conventional Example. The index value of the radial force variation of the test tire according to Example 1 was 92, and the index value of the radial force variation of the test tire according to Example 2 was 90. In sum, the tires according to Examples 1 and 2 were better in the uniformity than the tire according to Convention Example.
Claims (4)
1. A pneumatic tire which includes film layers superposed by winding a film layer in a circumferential direction of the tire a plurality of times, the film layer being made of any one of a thermoplastic resin and a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin, characterized in that a rubber layer is interposed between the film layers.
2. The pneumatic tire according to claim 1 , characterized in that the film layers constitute an air-permeation preventive layer placed closer to an inner-cavity of the tire than a carcass layer is.
3. A process for producing a pneumatic tire characterized by comprising:
preparing a laminated body in which a rubber layer is stuck to at least one surface of a film layer made of any one of a thermoplastic resin and a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by blending an elastomer with a thermoplastic resin;
interposing the rubber layer between the film layers by winding the laminated body in a circumferential direction of the tire a plurality times;
forming an uncured tire which includes the film layers and the rubber layers; and
curing the tire.
4. The process for producing a pneumatic tire according to claim 3 ,
characterized in that the film layers constitute an air-permeation preventive layer placed closer to an inner-cavity of the tire than a carcass layer is.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008058770A JP5125630B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2008-03-07 | Pneumatic tire and manufacturing method thereof |
JP2008-058770 | 2008-03-07 | ||
PCT/JP2009/054309 WO2009110600A1 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2009-03-06 | Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same |
Related Parent Applications (1)
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PCT/JP2009/054309 A-371-Of-International WO2009110600A1 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2009-03-06 | Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US14/987,925 Continuation US10421318B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2016-01-05 | Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20100319829A1 true US20100319829A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
Family
ID=41056149
Family Applications (2)
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US12/864,996 Abandoned US20100319829A1 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2009-03-06 | Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same |
US14/987,925 Expired - Fee Related US10421318B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2016-01-05 | Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same |
Family Applications After (1)
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US14/987,925 Expired - Fee Related US10421318B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2016-01-05 | Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same |
Country Status (5)
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US (2) | US20100319829A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2251212B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5125630B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101965270B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009110600A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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US20140110032A1 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-04-24 | Bridgestone Corporation | Laminate, tire, and method for producing tire |
CN104507707A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2015-04-08 | 株式会社普利司通 | Laminate for inner liner, and tyre using same |
US9068063B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2015-06-30 | Eastman Chemical Company | Cellulose ester/elastomer compositions |
US9273195B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2016-03-01 | Eastman Chemical Company | Tires comprising cellulose ester/elastomer compositions |
US9708475B2 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2017-07-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Cellulose esters in highly-filled elastomeric systems |
US10017012B2 (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2018-07-10 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic tire |
US10077342B2 (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2018-09-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Elastomeric compositions comprising cellulose ester additives |
US10421318B2 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2019-09-24 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same |
Families Citing this family (3)
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JP4853577B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2012-01-11 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Pneumatic tire manufacturing method |
CN102896974A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-30 | 北京化工大学 | Ozone-aging-resisting high-performance tire and manufacturing method thereof |
CN111320911B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-05-03 | 熊国武 | Coating adhesive for puncture-proof and air-leakage-proof tire and preparation method thereof |
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US10421318B2 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2019-09-24 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic tire and process for producing the same |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2251212B1 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
EP2251212A1 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
JP5125630B2 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
EP2251212A4 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
US10421318B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
WO2009110600A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
US20160107484A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
JP2009214629A (en) | 2009-09-24 |
CN101965270A (en) | 2011-02-02 |
CN101965270B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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