US20110082557A1 - Integral, One-Piece Humeral Head Device - Google Patents
Integral, One-Piece Humeral Head Device Download PDFInfo
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- US20110082557A1 US20110082557A1 US12/689,862 US68986210A US2011082557A1 US 20110082557 A1 US20110082557 A1 US 20110082557A1 US 68986210 A US68986210 A US 68986210A US 2011082557 A1 US2011082557 A1 US 2011082557A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- humeral head
- augment device
- radius
- shoulder prosthesis
- curvature
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/40—Joints for shoulders
- A61F2/4014—Humeral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic humeral shafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/40—Joints for shoulders
- A61F2/4014—Humeral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic humeral shafts
- A61F2002/4018—Heads or epiphyseal parts of humerus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/40—Joints for shoulders
- A61F2/4014—Humeral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic humeral shafts
- A61F2002/4029—Necks
- A61F2002/4033—Necks with an integral complete or partial peripheral collar at its base
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/40—Joints for shoulders
- A61F2/4014—Humeral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic humeral shafts
- A61F2002/4037—Connections of heads to necks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/40—Joints for shoulders
- A61F2/4059—Humeral shafts
- A61F2002/4062—Proximal or metaphyseal parts of shafts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to orthopaedic implants. More particularly, the present invention relates to a shoulder replacement prosthesis and the method of use for treating rotator cuff arthropathy.
- Deterioration of an individual's rotator cuff may lead to the need to undergo a shoulder arthroplasty procedure.
- a person's humeral head may translate in a more superior direction during abduction of their effected arm resulting in the superior surface of the humeral head articulating with both the inferior surface of the acromion and the acromioclavicular joint. Articulation between these two bones could lead to accelerated destruction of the humeral head and erosion of the acromion and the acromioclavicular joint.
- the present invention satisfies the need for improvements to the shoulder replacement implant used to treat patients suffering from a torn rotator cuff or other soft tissue injuries by providing a modular humeral head augment device for coupling to a shoulder prosthesis.
- the present invention provides in one aspect, a humeral head augment device.
- the humeral head augment device includes an external bearing surface that is configured with at least one surface portion having a radius of curvature that is designed to constrain translational movement of the implanted shoulder prosthesis to which the humeral head augment device is connected.
- the humeral head augment device has a coupling mechanism that connects the humeral head augment device to either the stem or the humeral head components of the shoulder prosthesis.
- the present invention provides in another aspect, a modular shoulder prosthesis that includes a humeral head that has an articulation surface and an interior surface from which a connector extends and a stem component that includes a second connector that engages the humeral head and secures the two components together.
- the shoulder prosthesis further includes a humeral head augment device that has an external bearing surface with at least one surface portion having a radius of curvature and a coupling mechanism that is configured to connect the humeral head augment device to either the stem or humeral head.
- the at least one radius of curvature of the external bearing surface functions to constrain translation of the shoulder prosthesis post-operatively.
- the present invention provides in yet another aspect, a shoulder prosthesis system.
- the shoulder prosthesis system includes a plurality of humeral heads, each having an articulation surface and an interior surface that has a connector extending from it.
- the system includes a plurality of stems, the stems each having a proximal end that includes a connector for engaging the connector disposed on the interior surface of the humeral head.
- the shoulder prosthesis system further includes a plurality of humeral head augment devices, each humeral head augment device having an external bearing surface that is configured with at least one surface portion that has a radius of curvature.
- Each of the humeral head augment devices also include a coupling mechanism that operates to connect the humeral head augment device to either one of the plurality of stems or one of the plurality of humeral heads.
- the humeral head augment device When assembled within the shoulder prosthesis, the humeral head augment device functions to constrain translational movement of the shoulder prosthesis following implantation.
- the present invention provides in another aspect, a method for using a humeral head augment device in a shoulder prosthesis.
- the method includes the step of providing a shoulder prosthesis, the shoulder prosthesis includes a humeral head and a stem which are configured to be coupled together.
- the method further includes providing a humeral head augment device, the humeral head augment device has at least one surface portion which is configured to have a radius of curvature. The radius of curvature being selected to constrain translation of the implanted shoulder prosthesis following positioning of the humeral head augment device within the shoulder prosthesis.
- the method also includes the step of coupling the humeral head augment device within the shoulder prosthesis utilizing a coupling mechanism. The coupling mechanism connects the humeral head augment device to either the stem component or the humeral head component.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of one embodiment of a shoulder prosthesis with a humeral head augment device in operable position, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a side elevational, exploded view of the shoulder prosthesis with humeral head augment device of FIG. 1 , in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is distal perspective view of the shoulder prosthesis with humeral head augment device of FIG. 1 , in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a humeral head augment device, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the humeral head augment device of FIG. 4 , showing a motion control member configured as a rail, prior to being coupled to a proximal end of a stem, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the humeral head augment device of FIG. 4 , showing an alternative motion control member configured as a pin, prior to being coupled to the proximal end of the stem, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 5C is a perspective view of the humeral head augment device of FIG. 4 , showing an alternative motion control member configured as a tab, prior to being coupled to the proximal end of the stem, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a lateral elevational view of the proximal end of the stem coupled to a humeral head augment device, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 7A is a cross-section, side elevational view of the proximal end of the shoulder prosthesis of FIG. 6 taken along line 7 - 7 , showing a locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as an expanding pin, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 7B is a cross-section, side elevational view of the proximal end of the shoulder prosthesis of FIG. 6 taken along line 7 - 7 , showing an alternative locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as a threaded screw, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 7C is a cross-section, side elevational view of the proximal end of the shoulder prosthesis of FIG. 6 taken along line 7 - 7 , showing another alternative locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as a threaded screw and cylindrical post, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 7D is a cross-section, side elevational view of the proximal end of the shoulder prosthesis of FIG. 6 taken along line 7 - 7 , showing yet another alternative locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as a male-female locking taper, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 7E is a cross-section, side elevational perspective view of the humeral head augment device of FIG. 6 taken along line 7 - 7 , showing a further alternative locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as a threaded screw and dual cylindrical posts, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an alternative humeral head augment device with a relief disposed on the posterior side extending from the medial side to the lateral side of the alternative humeral head augment device, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a shoulder prosthesis with the alternative humeral head augment device of FIG. 8 , coupled in operable position to the proximal end of a stem, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
- FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of an alternate embodiment of a humeral head augment device, wherein the device is a one-piece humeral-acromion head, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of an alternative embodiment of a humeral head augment device, wherein the device is a one-piece humeral-acromion head resurfacing implant, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
- a humeral head augment device and a shoulder prosthesis that includes as a component, a humeral head augment device. Further, described herein is a method for using a humeral head augment device with a shoulder prosthesis that may limit post-operative translateral movement for patients suffering from rotator cuff arthropathy.
- the general arrangement of a shoulder prosthesis 10 for use with a humeral head augment device 40 includes a humeral head 30 , a stem 20 and a humeral head augment device 40 .
- proximal, distal, anterior, posterior, medial and lateral are defined by their standard usage for indicating a particular part of a bone or prosthesis according to the relative disposition of the natural bone or directional terms of reference.
- proximal means the portion of a prosthesis nearest the torso
- distal indicates the portion of the prosthesis farthest from the torso.
- anterior is a direction towards the front side of the body
- posterior means a direction towards the back side of the body
- medial means towards the midline of the body
- lateral is a direction towards the sides or away from the midline of the body.
- stem 20 includes a proximal end 14 , a distal end 15 and a longitudinal axis 16 .
- a taper cavity 17 (see FIGS. 7A-E ) is located on the medial side of proximal end 14 of stem 20 .
- taper cavity 17 is defined by a female taper 18 with a center axis 27 which is angled relative to longitudinal axis 16 .
- Female taper 18 is configured to decrease radially when moving from the medial opening 19 of taper cavity 17 to the taper cavity bottom 28 .
- proximal end 14 may include a tapered post as an alternative to taper cavity 17 , with both taper embodiments functioning to connect stem 20 to humeral head 30 .
- proximal end 14 of stem 20 typically includes stability fins 23 located generally along the medial, anterior and posterior sides. Fins 23 may be straight or tapered and include numerous through holes 24 for fixation purposes.
- a support collar 25 Positioned adjacent to medial opening 19 of taper cavity 17 is a support collar 25 . The plane in which the proximal surface 26 of collar 25 lies is substantially normal to taper center axis 27 .
- Collar 25 typically functions to provide support for stem 20 against the resected proximal surface of a patient's humerus. Additional functionality of collar 25 may include supporting humeral head 30 and provide motion control of humeral head augment device 40 . As seen in FIG. 3 , the shape of collar 25 may be designed to match the dimensions of the resected proximal humerus. It is contemplated that collar 25 may also have a circular, oval or oblong shape. It is not shown, but should be understood that proximal end 14 of stem 20 may not include collar 25 or alternatively, collar 25 may be modular, thereby allowing the operating surgeon at the time of implantation of shoulder prosthesis 10 to either attach or remove collar 25 .
- the distal shaft 21 of stem 20 may be integral to proximal end 14 or modular in design, allowing for a plurality of distal shafts 21 that are configured with varying lengths and diameters to be attached.
- Distal shaft 21 may include an assortment of bone or cement fixation mechanisms 22 along the outer surface of distal shaft 21 . These may include, but are not limited to fins, flat surfaces, channels and cavities.
- distal shaft 21 may be coated with promoters of bone in-growth, including but not limited to porous coating, TCP, HA, metal mesh or other surface treatment sprays.
- the cross-section of distal shaft 21 is generally circular, although other shaped cross-sections are contemplated including, but not limited to hexagonal, trapezoidal, oval or polygonal.
- humeral head 30 of shoulder prosthesis 10 includes an outer articulation surface 31 .
- Articulation surface 31 has a substantially spherical contour that is typically comprised of one radius of curvature 33 R, though multiple radius of curvatures may be incorporated into articulation surface 31 and are contemplated for treatment of unique clinical situations.
- articulation surface 31 extends to an angle ⁇ that is about 180 degrees. It is contemplated that angle ⁇ may be less than 180 degrees or greater than 180 degrees depending upon a patient's anatomical features and clinical application.
- Articulation surface 31 terminates at the intersection with an underside skirt 32 that is positioned around the full circumference of humeral head 30 .
- At least one hole may be positioned proximate to skirt 32 , allowing for securement of soft tissue for joint stabilization purposes.
- Intersecting skirt 32 is a substantially planar interior surface 34 that is positioned essentially opposite articulation surface 31 (see FIGS. 7A-7E ).
- Extending from interior surface 34 in substantially perpendicular direction is a second connector shaped as a tapered post 35 .
- tapered post 35 is sized and dimensioned to decrease radially from the post base 36 to the post end 37 .
- Tapered post 35 is located generally in the center of interior surface 34 and is positioned and designed to mate with taper cavity 17 of proximal end 14 .
- tapered post 35 may be eccentrically located on interior surface 34 allowing the operating surgeon to rotate and orient humeral head 30 to provide for optimal post-operative joint stabilization.
- interior surface 34 may include a tapered cavity as an alternative to taper post 35 , with both taper embodiments functioning to connect humeral head 30 to stem 20 .
- stem 20 When connected to stem 20 , interior surface 34 of humeral head 30 may abut or alternatively, be positioned proximate to collar 25 and augment device 40 .
- the convex, generally spherical shape of articulation surface 31 is configured to articulate either with a glenoid implant or the patient's natural glenoid.
- Radius of curvature 33 R of humeral head 30 may range in size from 15 mm to 45 mm, with a more detailed range being between 19 mm to 30 mm.
- Radius of curvature 33 R is configured and dimensioned to and allow for three degrees of motion for an implanted shoulder prosthesis 10 , including rotational movement and translational or sliding movement in the superior-inferior direction and anterior-posterior direction.
- humeral head augment device 40 includes a generally convex external bearing surface 41 that includes at least one radius of curvature that may be different than radius of curvature 33 R of humeral head 30 .
- External bearing surface 41 may be divided into two portions, the first portion 42 being located in the medial aspect of external bearing surface 41 and a second portion 43 being positioned in the lateral aspect of the external bearing surface 41 .
- external bearing surface 41 may also be constructed of a single portion with a corresponding single radius of curvature for the entire external bearing surface 41 .
- external bearing surface 41 may further include greater than two portions with corresponding multiple radius of curvatures.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show that first portion 42 and second portion 43 have different radius of curvatures.
- the radius of curvature 44 R of first portion 42 is usually greater than the radius of curvature 45 R of second portion 43 .
- the basis for the multiple radius of curvatures for external bearing surface 41 of humeral head augment device 40 is to limit or constrain the amount or degree of superior translation that may occur within implanted shoulder prosthesis 10 during abduction of a patient's arm.
- Radius of curvature 44 R of first portion 42 may also be greater than radius of curvature 33 R of articulation surface 31 . Again, this geometric mismatch results in implanted shoulder prosthesis 10 being constrained from excessive superior translation when a patient's arm is taken through a full range of motion including abduction.
- Humeral head augment device 40 may be modular in design, thus radius of curvatures 44 R, 45 R may have varying values ranging from 15 mm to infinity or be configured as a straight line segment. Mixing and matching values for radius of curvatures 44 R, 45 R as to each other and in combination with radius of curvature 33 R allows the operating surgeon to optimize the desired shoulder joint range of motion provided by the implanted humeral head 30 in conjunction with humeral head augment device 40 with the presented anatomic structures of a patient.
- radius of curvature 44 R may be less than radius of curvature 45 R and equal to radius of curvature 33 R, thereby allowing more superior translation of shoulder prosthesis 10 during abduction.
- a further alternative may also be for humeral head augment device 40 to include only a single radius of curvature that is different than radius of curvature 33 R of humeral head 30 .
- radius of curvatures 44 R, 45 R may be equal to each other, but greater than radius of curvature 33 R, thus significantly restricting shoulder prosthesis 10 from any degree of superior translational movement.
- radius of curvatures 33 R, 44 R and 45 R be equal to each other, thereby resulting in little or no geometric restriction of shoulder prosthesis 10 and a uniform and consistent radius of curvature for articulation surface 31 and external bearing surface 41 .
- FIG. 1 shows first portion 42 and second portion 43 being tangent to each other. This geometric relationship between first portion 42 and second portion 43 is essential to enable shoulder prosthesis 10 to move in a smooth and unrestricted or continuous manner while the patient's arm moves through a complete range of motion. Further, as seen in FIG. 1 , articulation surface 31 is usually tangent to first portion 42 , again to allow a patient to experience smooth and unrestricted or continuous movement of their implanted shoulder prosthesis 10 .
- FIG. 6 shows the distal, lateral aspect of humeral head augment device 40 .
- Positioned along the distal peripheral edge of humeral head augment device 40 may be at least one hole 55 that the operating surgeon may use for soft tissue attachment purposes. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that several holes may be located along the anterior, posterior and lateral peripheral edge providing various locations for soft-tissue securement.
- humeral head augment device 40 includes an internal surface 46 that has a medial aspect 47 and a lateral aspect 48 .
- medial aspect 47 typically contacts or is proximate with the superior surface of proximal end 14 .
- Extending from medial aspect 47 is at least one locking mechanism 52 that is received by an associated at least one locking mechanism 53 .
- Locking mechanisms 52 , 53 act together as a coupling mechanism 54 to secure or couple humeral head augment device 40 to proximal end 14 of stem 20 .
- FIG. 1 depicts the placement of humeral head augment device 40 as being generally lateral to longitudinal axis 16 .
- humeral head augment device 40 may also be placed in other operable positions relative to longitudinal axis 16 depending upon the clinical needs of the patient and resulting intraoperative assessment, including being positioned neutral, medial anterior or posterior to longitudinal axis 16 .
- locking mechanism 52 includes an expanding screw or pin device 60 extending through a collared cylindrical hole 64 in medial aspect 47 .
- expanding screw or pin 60 is threaded into receiving cavity 61 of associated locking mechanism 53 that is positioned within proximal end 14 , expanding screw or pin device 60 engages receiving cavity 61 resulting in the securement of humeral head augment device 40 to stem 20 .
- FIG. 7B is a cross-section view of humeral head augment device 40 that shows an alternative coupling mechanism 54 , consisting of a threaded screw 62 and a threaded hole 63 .
- Locking mechanism 52 includes a threaded screw that extends through a collared cylindrical hole 65 in medial aspect 47 .
- Associated locking mechanism 53 consists of threaded hole 63 positioned in proximal end 14 . In operation, threaded screw 62 is inserted into the hole and engages the corresponding threads of threaded hole 63 causing humeral head augment device 40 being fixed to stem 20 .
- FIG. 7C A further example of coupling mechanism 54 is shown in a cross-section view of humeral head augment device 40 at FIG. 7C .
- Locking mechanism 52 consists of at least one cylindrical post 66 extending from medial aspect 47 of internal surface 46 .
- the associated locking mechanism 53 includes a corresponding at least one cylindrical hole 68 configured and dimensioned to receive at least one post 66 and a threaded set screw 67 that is inserted into a threaded hole 69 that projects from cavity bottom 28 of taper cavity 17 and intersects hole 68 at an angle relative to longitudinal axis 16 .
- Alternative coupling mechanism 54 functions by having at least one post 66 fully inserted into at least one hole 68 with medial aspect 47 contacting or being proximate the superior surface of proximal end 14 with threaded set screw 67 being inserted into threaded hole 69 that when fully engaged, threaded set screw 67 pressingly fixates post 66 into hole 68 .
- Locking mechanism 52 typically includes a male conical taper 70 projecting from medial aspect 47 of internal surface 46 .
- Male conical taper 70 is oriented about normal relative to medial aspect 47 .
- Associated locking mechanism 53 is a female conical taper 71 that is sized and dimensioned to receive male conical taper 70 .
- Female conical taper 71 is positioned within proximal end 14 with a centerline that is almost normal to the superior surface of proximal end 14 .
- alternative coupling mechanism 54 is a taper lock connection formed by the engagement of male conical taper 70 and female conical taper 71 that results in humeral head augment device 40 being secured to stem 20 . It should be understood to those skilled in the art that this alternative coupling mechanism 54 may be reversed in that male conical taper 70 could extend from proximal end 14 and female conical taper 71 could be located within medial aspect 47 of humeral head augment device 40 .
- Locking mechanism 52 consists of at least two substantially parallel cylindrical posts 72 extending from medial aspect 47 of internal surface 46 .
- the associated locking mechanism 53 includes at least two substantially parallel cylindrical holes 73 that are generally configured and dimensioned to receive at least two posts 72 and a threaded set screw 74 that is inserted into a threaded hole 75 that projects from cavity bottom 28 of taper cavity 17 and intersects both of the at least two substantially parallel cylindrical holes 73 at an angle relative to longitudinal axis 16 .
- Alternative coupling mechanism 54 functions by typically having at least two posts 72 fully inserted into the at least two holes 73 resulting in medial aspect 47 abutting or being proximate to the superior surface of proximal end 14 with threaded set screw 74 being inserted into threaded hole 75 that when fully engaged, threaded set screw 74 urges posts 72 outwardly, thereby pressingly locking posts 72 within holes 73 .
- each of the above described coupling mechanisms 54 may be utilized to secure humeral head augment device 40 to humeral head 30 .
- humeral head augment device 40 may be secured to humeral head 30 utilizing a locking mechanism disposed on the seating surface 49 of humeral head augment device 40 and an associated locking mechanism positioned on interior surface 34 of humeral head 30 .
- Possible locking mechanism may include, but are not limited to interlocking tapers, expanding set pins, extending posts and threaded fixation screws.
- Humeral head augment device 40 may also include seating surface 49 , an antirotation surface 50 and a motion control member 51 . As described above, following the securement of humeral head augment device 40 to stem 20 , a properly sized humeral head 30 may be attached to stem 20 utilizing a taper lock arrangement. Following attachment of humeral head 30 to stem 20 , seating surface 49 will typically abut or be positioned proximate to interior surface 34 . Located between seating surface 49 and medial aspect 47 of internal surface 46 is antirotation surface 50 . Antirotation surface 50 is oriented substantially perpendicular relative to seating surface 49 .
- antirotation surface 50 may contact a superior section 76 of collar 25 . Extending from the central portion of antirotation surface 50 is motion control member 51 .
- FIG. 5A depicts one embodiment of motion control member 51 that is generally t-shaped or a “rail” like projection 77 that extends from antirotation surface 50 .
- Superior section 76 of collar 25 has been modified to receive motion control member 51 by including a corresponding cavity or indentation of a similar shape to motion control member 51 .
- FIG. 5B An alternative motion control member 51 is shown in FIG. 5B as a cylindrical post 78 extending from antirotation surface 50 . Again, when humeral head augment device 40 is fixed to stem 20 , post 78 extends into a corresponding cylindrical hole located on superior section 76 .
- motion control member 51 is a rectangular tab 79 .
- Tab 79 projects into a correspondingly shaped cavity located in superior surface 76 when humeral head augment device 40 is coupled to stem 20 .
- additional embodiments of the motion control member are contemplated herein, including but not limited to screws, pins, flanges and keys.
- all embodiments of motion control member 51 are designed to function to inhibit any rotational or other movement between the coupled humeral head augment device 40 and stem 20 . Eliminating or reducing any motion assists to ensure proper positioning of external bearing surface 41 relative to the anatomic bony structures following the implantation of shoulder prosthesis 10 and to humeral head 30 .
- FIG. 8 shows one alternative embodiment of humeral head augment device 80 .
- humeral head augment device 80 For some clinical cases, operating surgeons desire to maintain healthy and intact posterior soft tissue structures surrounding the shoulder joint, more specifically, soft tissue structures that comprise the rotator cuff. In these situations, a clinician may choose to utilize alternative humeral head augment device 80 .
- Alternative humeral head augment device 80 includes a unitary body that has a posterior side 81 , a medial side 82 and a lateral side 83 .
- external bearing surface 41 disposed on posterior side 81 is partially relieved or may be totally removed.
- the resultant relief 84 may extend from medial side 82 to lateral side 83 .
- relief 84 may extend only for a portion of posterior side 81 with relief originating either proximate to medial side 82 or proximate to lateral side 83 .
- Relief 84 will not compromise or impact any of the articulation functionality of external bearing surface 41 that has been described herein.
- alternative humeral head augment device 80 attaches to proximal end 14 in the same manner as has been described previously and is operably positioned in the same location on stem 20 as detailed above, allowing alternative humeral head augment device 80 to interface and function with humeral head 30 in the same or similar way as described for humeral head augment device 40 herein.
- at least one hole 55 may be positioned along the distal, lateral or anterior aspect of humeral head augment device 80 to facilitate soft tissue securement at various locations along the peripheral rim.
- the embodiment of shoulder prosthesis 10 described herein may be modular in design, thereby allowing the operating surgeon to choose from a system of multiple differently sized and shaped components, including stems 20 , humeral heads 30 and humeral head augment devices 40 .
- the shoulder prosthesis system provides the operating surgeon with the flexibility to mix, match, and implant the appropriate sized and configured shoulder prosthesis to the presented anatomic structures.
- the system typically is comprised of a series or plurality of stems comprised of various lengths and cross-sectional sizes. Each stem having a proximal end 14 that may be connected to humeral head 30 and humeral head augment device 40 .
- the shoulder prosthesis system further includes a plurality of different sized humeral heads 30 .
- Each of humeral heads 30 may have a different sized radius of curvature 33 R for the respected articulation surface 31 . Having a plurality of differing sized and curved humeral heads 30 allows the operating surgeon the ability to more closely match humeral head 30 with the articulating surface of a natural glenoid or a prosthetic glenoid. Each of the plurality of humeral heads 30 will typically include tapered post 35 or another like connector. Additionally, the shoulder prosthesis system will have a plurality of humeral head augment devices 40 . Again, the plurality of humeral head augment devices 40 gives the operating surgeon the ability to reestablish shoulder joint stability and provide pain relief without compromising post-operative limb range of motion.
- Each of the plurality of humeral head augment devices 40 will include the structural features which have been discussed previously herein.
- the plurality of humeral head augment devices 40 in the system may each have the same or different sized radius of curvatures 44 R, 45 R for the respected first portion 42 and second portion 43 of external bearing surface 41 , and with respect to humeral head 30 , radius of curvatures 44 R, 45 R may be the same or different sized as compared to radius of curvature 33 R, thereby allowing the operating surgeon the ability to customize shoulder prosthesis 10 intraoperatively to address motion control, joint stability and soft-tissue deficiencies.
- Each of the plurality of humeral head augment devices 40 may include a coupling mechanism 54 to allow for securement to one of the plurality of stems 20 in the system and a motion control member 51 that ensures proper alignment of humeral head augment device 40 relative to humeral head 30 and stem 20 .
- FIG. 10 shows a further alternative embodiment of the humeral head augment device.
- a one-piece humeral-acromion head 300 is seen with the humeral head augment device being integral to the humeral head.
- humeral-acromion head 300 includes an outer articulation surface 301 .
- Articulation surface 301 has a generally curved contour that may be comprised of multiple radius of curvatures. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that articulation surface 301 may also be comprised of a single radius of curvature. For example purposes only, FIG.
- humeral-acromion head 300 also includes a tapered post 305 that is similar in structure to tapered post 35 .
- tapered post 305 does function to couple humeral-acromion head 300 to stem 20 .
- articulation surface 301 may consist of at least two portions, a glenoid bearing portion 310 and an acromion bearing portion 320 .
- glenoid bearing portion 310 When properly coupled to stem 20 , glenoid bearing portion 310 is configured to articulate with a glenoid implant or the patient's natural glenoid.
- Radius of curvature 302 R is configured and dimensioned to allow for three degrees of motion for an implanted shoulder prosthesis.
- acromion bearing portion 320 is configured to articulate with the patient's natural acromion allowing for multiple degrees of motion.
- Glenoid bearing portion 310 will have at least one radius of curvature 302 R that may range in size from 15 mm to 45 mm with a more detailed range being between 19 mm to 30 mm.
- acromion bearing portion 320 includes at least one radius of curvature 303 R. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that acromion bearing portion 320 may be constructed of multiple different sized radius of curvatures. Generally, radius of curvature 303 R is differently sized than radius of curvature 302 R. The specific size relationship between 302 R and 303 R (e.g., greater than, less than, or equal) will be dependent upon the presented clinical circumstances and the preference of the operating surgeon.
- Acromion bearing portion 320 of humeral-acromion head 300 may be configured to include a relief on the posterior side. As has already been described previously herein, the relief is provided to allow for the placement of intact rotator cuff soft tissue structures. Although not shown, the relief may span the entire posterior side or, alternatively, only a portion of the posterior side of acromion bearing portion 320 .
- humeral-acromion head 300 may include at least one hole positioned along the peripheral rim of both the glenoid bearing portion 310 and acromion bearing portion 320 .
- the hole or holes may be positioned and sized to allow for soft tissue attachment to provide for joint stabilization.
- FIG. 11 shows yet a further alternative embodiment of a humeral head augment device.
- a humeral-acromion resurfacing implant 400 is seen with the humeral head and the humeral head augment device being a one-piece construct.
- resurfacing implant 400 includes an outer articulation surface 401 .
- Articulation surface 401 has a generally curved contour that may be comprised of multiple radius of curvatures. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that articulation surface 401 may also be comprised of a single radius of curvature. For example purposes only, FIG.
- Resurfacing implant 400 also includes a tapered post or stem 430 that extends from the undersurface of resurfacing implant 400 and is inserted into the surgically prepared proximal humerus to secure the implanted resurfacing implant 400 to the bone.
- articulation surface 401 may consist of at least two portions, a glenoid bearing portion 410 and an acromion bearing portion 420 .
- glenoid bearing portion 410 is configured to articulate with a glenoid implant or the patient's natural glenoid.
- Radius of curvature 402 R is configured and dimensioned to and allow for three degrees of motion for an implanted shoulder prosthesis.
- acromion bearing portion 420 is configured to articulate with the patient's natural acromion allowing for multiple degrees of motion.
- Glenoid bearing portion 410 will have at least one radius of curvature 402 R that may range in size from 15 mm to 45 mm with a more detailed range being between 19 mm to 30 mm.
- acromion bearing portion 410 includes at least one of curvature 403 R. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that acromion bearing portion 410 may be constructed of multiple different sized radius of curvatures. Generally, radius of curvature 403 R is differently sized (e.g., greater than, less than, or equal) than radius of curvature 402 R with the specific size relationship being dependent upon the presented clinical circumstances and preference of the operating surgeon.
- Acromion bearing portion 420 of resurfacing implant 400 may be configured to include a relief on the posterior side. As has already been described previously herein, the relief is provided to allow for the placement of intact rotator cuff soft tissue structures. Although not shown, the relief may span the entire posterior side or, alternatively, only a portion of the posterior side of acromion bearing portion 420 .
- resurfacing implant 400 may include at least one hole positioned along the peripheral rim of both the glenoid bearing portion 410 and acromion bearing portion 420 .
- the hole or holes may be positioned and sized to allow for soft tissue attachment to provide for joint stabilization.
- the method of assembling shoulder prosthesis 10 includes obtaining a plurality of humeral heads 30 with each humeral head 30 including articulation surface 31 , interior surface 34 and a connector for attaching humeral head 30 to stem 20 .
- the method further includes obtaining a plurality of stems 20 , each stem 20 having a shaft with a distinct cross-section, a proximal end 14 and distal end 15 with a second connector member for engaging humeral head 30 . It is understood that the method includes the step of obtaining a plurality of humeral head augment devices 40 with each of the plurality of humeral head augment devices 40 having external bearing surface 41 with the structural and functionality characteristics described previously herein and coupling mechanism 54 .
- the method may also include the step of assembling one humeral head 30 with one stem 20 and one humeral head augment device 40 . Each of these separate components being chosen from the plurality of the respective components contained within a shoulder implant system.
- the method further includes the steps of employing the coupling mechanism to connect the selected humeral head augment device 40 to the selected stem 20 , or alternatively, to the selected humeral head 30 .
- the method may also include the step of engaging the two corresponding connectors of humeral head 30 and stem 20 respectively, resulting in the assembly of shoulder prosthesis 10 .
- the surgical technique for implantation of a shoulder prosthesis is well known in the art.
- the method for using a humeral head augment device 40 in a shoulder prosthesis 10 includes, providing a shoulder prosthesis that may include a modular humeral head 30 and a stem 20 that are designed to be coupled to each other by a mechanical coupling mechanism.
- the method may further include providing a humeral head augment device 40 for attachment to either stem 20 or humeral head 30 .
- Humeral head augment device 40 includes external bearing surface 41 that may include a first portion 42 and second portion 43 with respected radius of curvatures 44 R, 45 R. Radius of curvatures 44 R, 45 R may be of different values to constrain translational movement of shoulder prosthesis 10 post-operatively.
- Humeral head augment device 40 further may include coupling mechanism 54 that is configured to connect humeral head augment device 40 to either stem 20 or humeral head 30 .
- Coupling mechanism 54 allows the operating surgeon to assemble humeral head augment device 40 to stem 20 either prior to implantation into the humerus or following stem 20 being seated into the resected proximal humerus.
- Humeral head augment device 40 also may include motion control member 51 that maintains accurate orientation of humeral head augment device 40 relative to stem 20 and humeral head 30 .
- humeral head augment device 40 Ensuring correct positioning of humeral head augment device 40 relative to the other modular components of shoulder prosthesis 10 will facilitate post-operative joint stability and proper articulation of the humeral head 30 and humeral head augment device 40 with the natural glenoid, a prosthetic glenoid or the natural acromion.
- the surgical method may include sequentially implanting stem 20 into the prepared proximal aspect of the patient's humerus prior to coupling humeral head augment device 40 to stem 20 or alternatively, to humeral head 30 with the final step being to connect the selected humeral head 30 to stem 20 .
- the sequence of assembly of shoulder prosthesis 10 as described herein may be different depending upon the given clinical situation and whether humeral head augment device 40 is attached to humeral head 30 or stem 20 .
- humeral head augment device 40 may be coupled to stem 20 or to humeral head 30 on the “back table” prior to the complete assembly and placement of shoulder prosthesis 10 within the patient's resected humerus.
- shoulder prosthesis 10 assembly steps for the method of using a humeral head augment device 40 in shoulder prosthesis 10 and the final sizing combination of stem 20 , humeral head 30 and humeral head augment device 40 will vary depending upon the preference of the operating surgeon in combination with the clinical needs of the patient.
Abstract
A humeral head augment device for use in a modular shoulder prosthesis. The humeral head augment device has an external bearing surface with at least one surface portion that includes a radius of curvature. The radius of curvature is configured to constrain translational movement of the implanted shoulder prosthesis when the humeral head augment device is positioned within the shoulder prosthesis. The humeral head augment device also includes a coupling mechanism designed to lock the humeral head augment device to either the stem or the humeral head, thereby ensuring proper operational positioning of the device within the shoulder prosthesis and allowing the implanted shoulder prosthesis to function in a patient suffering from rotator cuff arthropathy. A shoulder prosthesis using a humeral head augment device, a method for assembling a shoulder prosthesis and method for using a humeral head augment device in a shoulder prosthesis are also disclosed.
Description
- This application is a divisional application of pending U.S. application Ser. No. 11/688,309 filed on Mar. 20, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. ______, the disclosure of which is included by reference herein in its entirety.
- The present invention relates generally to orthopaedic implants. More particularly, the present invention relates to a shoulder replacement prosthesis and the method of use for treating rotator cuff arthropathy.
- Deterioration of an individual's rotator cuff may lead to the need to undergo a shoulder arthroplasty procedure. In severe cases, a person's humeral head may translate in a more superior direction during abduction of their effected arm resulting in the superior surface of the humeral head articulating with both the inferior surface of the acromion and the acromioclavicular joint. Articulation between these two bones could lead to accelerated destruction of the humeral head and erosion of the acromion and the acromioclavicular joint.
- It was generally accepted practice for orthopedic surgeons to treat individuals with compromised rotator cuffs using standard sized shoulder stem prosthesis with oversized humeral heads to reestablish the joint space created by the bone loss. Humeral head bipolar prostheses have also been utilized by surgeons to address the stability problems associated with rotator cuff tear arthropathy. Both of these treatment modalities led to the overstuffing of the joint space and a resultant reduced range of motion for the effected arm of the individual. Several non-implant surgical techniques have been used with limited success in an attempt to address the rotator cuff tear arthropathy, including surgically smoothing the greater tubercle. Unfortunately, the individual still experienced reduced range of motion and joint pain because of the bone on bone contact.
- Recent developments in the shoulder arthroplasty field involve the design of modular humeral heads that are configured to include a glenoid bearing portion and an extended acromion bearing portion. Problems that have been seen with these types of designs is excessive post-operative translation in the superior direction because of the previous bone loss and the use of a single radius of curvature for the two bearing portions. Another problem encountered with the extended bearing modular humeral heads is the head being incorrectly rotated when the prosthesis is assembled in the operating room. The malrotation may cause the humeral head to be positioned in a less then optimal location relative to the acromion during arm abduction.
- Advancement of the state of orthopaedic implants and the treatment of rotator cuff tear arthropathy is believed desirable. The present invention satisfies the need for improvements to the shoulder replacement implant used to treat patients suffering from a torn rotator cuff or other soft tissue injuries by providing a modular humeral head augment device for coupling to a shoulder prosthesis.
- The present invention provides in one aspect, a humeral head augment device. The humeral head augment device includes an external bearing surface that is configured with at least one surface portion having a radius of curvature that is designed to constrain translational movement of the implanted shoulder prosthesis to which the humeral head augment device is connected. The humeral head augment device has a coupling mechanism that connects the humeral head augment device to either the stem or the humeral head components of the shoulder prosthesis.
- The present invention provides in another aspect, a modular shoulder prosthesis that includes a humeral head that has an articulation surface and an interior surface from which a connector extends and a stem component that includes a second connector that engages the humeral head and secures the two components together. The shoulder prosthesis further includes a humeral head augment device that has an external bearing surface with at least one surface portion having a radius of curvature and a coupling mechanism that is configured to connect the humeral head augment device to either the stem or humeral head. When the humeral head augment device is attached to the implanted shoulder prosthesis, the at least one radius of curvature of the external bearing surface functions to constrain translation of the shoulder prosthesis post-operatively.
- The present invention provides in yet another aspect, a shoulder prosthesis system. The shoulder prosthesis system includes a plurality of humeral heads, each having an articulation surface and an interior surface that has a connector extending from it. In addition, the system includes a plurality of stems, the stems each having a proximal end that includes a connector for engaging the connector disposed on the interior surface of the humeral head. The shoulder prosthesis system further includes a plurality of humeral head augment devices, each humeral head augment device having an external bearing surface that is configured with at least one surface portion that has a radius of curvature. Each of the humeral head augment devices also include a coupling mechanism that operates to connect the humeral head augment device to either one of the plurality of stems or one of the plurality of humeral heads. When assembled within the shoulder prosthesis, the humeral head augment device functions to constrain translational movement of the shoulder prosthesis following implantation.
- The present invention provides in another aspect, a method for using a humeral head augment device in a shoulder prosthesis. The method includes the step of providing a shoulder prosthesis, the shoulder prosthesis includes a humeral head and a stem which are configured to be coupled together. The method further includes providing a humeral head augment device, the humeral head augment device has at least one surface portion which is configured to have a radius of curvature. The radius of curvature being selected to constrain translation of the implanted shoulder prosthesis following positioning of the humeral head augment device within the shoulder prosthesis. The method also includes the step of coupling the humeral head augment device within the shoulder prosthesis utilizing a coupling mechanism. The coupling mechanism connects the humeral head augment device to either the stem component or the humeral head component.
- Further, additional features and advantages are realized through the techniques of the present invention. Other embodiments and aspects of the invention are described in detail herein and are considered a part of the claimed invention.
- The subject matter which is regarded as the invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
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FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of one embodiment of a shoulder prosthesis with a humeral head augment device in operable position, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a side elevational, exploded view of the shoulder prosthesis with humeral head augment device ofFIG. 1 , in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 3 is distal perspective view of the shoulder prosthesis with humeral head augment device ofFIG. 1 , in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a humeral head augment device, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the humeral head augment device ofFIG. 4 , showing a motion control member configured as a rail, prior to being coupled to a proximal end of a stem, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the humeral head augment device ofFIG. 4 , showing an alternative motion control member configured as a pin, prior to being coupled to the proximal end of the stem, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 5C is a perspective view of the humeral head augment device ofFIG. 4 , showing an alternative motion control member configured as a tab, prior to being coupled to the proximal end of the stem, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 6 is a lateral elevational view of the proximal end of the stem coupled to a humeral head augment device, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 7A is a cross-section, side elevational view of the proximal end of the shoulder prosthesis ofFIG. 6 taken along line 7-7, showing a locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as an expanding pin, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 7B is a cross-section, side elevational view of the proximal end of the shoulder prosthesis ofFIG. 6 taken along line 7-7, showing an alternative locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as a threaded screw, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 7C is a cross-section, side elevational view of the proximal end of the shoulder prosthesis ofFIG. 6 taken along line 7-7, showing another alternative locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as a threaded screw and cylindrical post, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 7D is a cross-section, side elevational view of the proximal end of the shoulder prosthesis ofFIG. 6 taken along line 7-7, showing yet another alternative locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as a male-female locking taper, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 7E is a cross-section, side elevational perspective view of the humeral head augment device ofFIG. 6 taken along line 7-7, showing a further alternative locking mechanism of a coupling mechanism configured as a threaded screw and dual cylindrical posts, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an alternative humeral head augment device with a relief disposed on the posterior side extending from the medial side to the lateral side of the alternative humeral head augment device, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a shoulder prosthesis with the alternative humeral head augment device ofFIG. 8 , coupled in operable position to the proximal end of a stem, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; -
FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of an alternate embodiment of a humeral head augment device, wherein the device is a one-piece humeral-acromion head, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; and -
FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of an alternative embodiment of a humeral head augment device, wherein the device is a one-piece humeral-acromion head resurfacing implant, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention. - Generally stated, disclosed herein is a humeral head augment device and a shoulder prosthesis that includes as a component, a humeral head augment device. Further, described herein is a method for using a humeral head augment device with a shoulder prosthesis that may limit post-operative translateral movement for patients suffering from rotator cuff arthropathy.
- As depicted in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , the general arrangement of ashoulder prosthesis 10 for use with a humeral head augmentdevice 40, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention, includes ahumeral head 30, astem 20 and a humeral head augmentdevice 40. In this detailed description and the following claims, the words proximal, distal, anterior, posterior, medial and lateral are defined by their standard usage for indicating a particular part of a bone or prosthesis according to the relative disposition of the natural bone or directional terms of reference. For example, “proximal” means the portion of a prosthesis nearest the torso, while “distal” indicates the portion of the prosthesis farthest from the torso. As for directional terms, “anterior” is a direction towards the front side of the body, “posterior” means a direction towards the back side of the body, “medial” means towards the midline of the body and “lateral” is a direction towards the sides or away from the midline of the body. - With reference to
FIGS. 1 and 2 , stem 20 includes aproximal end 14, adistal end 15 and alongitudinal axis 16. A taper cavity 17 (seeFIGS. 7A-E ) is located on the medial side ofproximal end 14 ofstem 20. As shown inFIGS. 7A-E ,taper cavity 17 is defined by afemale taper 18 with acenter axis 27 which is angled relative tolongitudinal axis 16.Female taper 18 is configured to decrease radially when moving from themedial opening 19 oftaper cavity 17 to thetaper cavity bottom 28. Although not shown, it is contemplated thatproximal end 14 may include a tapered post as an alternative to tapercavity 17, with both taper embodiments functioning to connectstem 20 tohumeral head 30. As shown inFIGS. 3 , 5A, 5B, 5C, and 6,proximal end 14 ofstem 20 typically includesstability fins 23 located generally along the medial, anterior and posterior sides.Fins 23 may be straight or tapered and include numerous throughholes 24 for fixation purposes. Positioned adjacent tomedial opening 19 oftaper cavity 17 is asupport collar 25. The plane in which theproximal surface 26 ofcollar 25 lies is substantially normal to tapercenter axis 27.Collar 25 typically functions to provide support forstem 20 against the resected proximal surface of a patient's humerus. Additional functionality ofcollar 25 may include supportinghumeral head 30 and provide motion control of humeral head augmentdevice 40. As seen inFIG. 3 , the shape ofcollar 25 may be designed to match the dimensions of the resected proximal humerus. It is contemplated thatcollar 25 may also have a circular, oval or oblong shape. It is not shown, but should be understood thatproximal end 14 ofstem 20 may not includecollar 25 or alternatively,collar 25 may be modular, thereby allowing the operating surgeon at the time of implantation ofshoulder prosthesis 10 to either attach or removecollar 25. - The
distal shaft 21 ofstem 20 may be integral toproximal end 14 or modular in design, allowing for a plurality ofdistal shafts 21 that are configured with varying lengths and diameters to be attached.Distal shaft 21 may include an assortment of bone orcement fixation mechanisms 22 along the outer surface ofdistal shaft 21. These may include, but are not limited to fins, flat surfaces, channels and cavities. Although not shown,distal shaft 21 may be coated with promoters of bone in-growth, including but not limited to porous coating, TCP, HA, metal mesh or other surface treatment sprays. The cross-section ofdistal shaft 21 is generally circular, although other shaped cross-sections are contemplated including, but not limited to hexagonal, trapezoidal, oval or polygonal. - As seen in
FIGS. 1 and 2 ,humeral head 30 ofshoulder prosthesis 10 includes anouter articulation surface 31.Articulation surface 31 has a substantially spherical contour that is typically comprised of one radius of curvature 33R, though multiple radius of curvatures may be incorporated intoarticulation surface 31 and are contemplated for treatment of unique clinical situations. As shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 , preferably,articulation surface 31 extends to an angle α that is about 180 degrees. It is contemplated that angle α may be less than 180 degrees or greater than 180 degrees depending upon a patient's anatomical features and clinical application.Articulation surface 31 terminates at the intersection with anunderside skirt 32 that is positioned around the full circumference ofhumeral head 30. Although not shown, at least one hole may be positioned proximate to skirt 32, allowing for securement of soft tissue for joint stabilization purposes. Intersectingskirt 32 is a substantially planarinterior surface 34 that is positioned essentially opposite articulation surface 31 (seeFIGS. 7A-7E ). Extending frominterior surface 34 in substantially perpendicular direction is a second connector shaped as atapered post 35. As illustrated inFIGS. 7A-7E , taperedpost 35 is sized and dimensioned to decrease radially from thepost base 36 to thepost end 37.Tapered post 35 is located generally in the center ofinterior surface 34 and is positioned and designed to mate withtaper cavity 17 ofproximal end 14. Although not shown, is should be understood to those skilled in the art that taperedpost 35 may be eccentrically located oninterior surface 34 allowing the operating surgeon to rotate and orienthumeral head 30 to provide for optimal post-operative joint stabilization. Further, it is also contemplated thatinterior surface 34 may include a tapered cavity as an alternative to taperpost 35, with both taper embodiments functioning to connecthumeral head 30 to stem 20. When connected to stem 20,interior surface 34 ofhumeral head 30 may abut or alternatively, be positioned proximate tocollar 25 and augmentdevice 40. - When properly coupled to stem 20 of an implanted
shoulder prosthesis 10, the convex, generally spherical shape ofarticulation surface 31 is configured to articulate either with a glenoid implant or the patient's natural glenoid. Radius ofcurvature 33R ofhumeral head 30 may range in size from 15 mm to 45 mm, with a more detailed range being between 19 mm to 30 mm. Radius ofcurvature 33R is configured and dimensioned to and allow for three degrees of motion for an implantedshoulder prosthesis 10, including rotational movement and translational or sliding movement in the superior-inferior direction and anterior-posterior direction. - As depicted in
FIG. 4 , humeral head augmentdevice 40 includes a generally convexexternal bearing surface 41 that includes at least one radius of curvature that may be different than radius ofcurvature 33R ofhumeral head 30. External bearing surface 41 may be divided into two portions, thefirst portion 42 being located in the medial aspect ofexternal bearing surface 41 and asecond portion 43 being positioned in the lateral aspect of theexternal bearing surface 41. It should be understood to those skilled in the art thatexternal bearing surface 41 may also be constructed of a single portion with a corresponding single radius of curvature for the entireexternal bearing surface 41. It should also be understood thatexternal bearing surface 41 may further include greater than two portions with corresponding multiple radius of curvatures. - For example purposes,
FIGS. 1 and 2 show thatfirst portion 42 andsecond portion 43 have different radius of curvatures. The radius ofcurvature 44R offirst portion 42 is usually greater than the radius ofcurvature 45R ofsecond portion 43. The basis for the multiple radius of curvatures forexternal bearing surface 41 of humeral head augmentdevice 40 is to limit or constrain the amount or degree of superior translation that may occur within implantedshoulder prosthesis 10 during abduction of a patient's arm. Radius ofcurvature 44R offirst portion 42 may also be greater than radius ofcurvature 33R ofarticulation surface 31. Again, this geometric mismatch results in implantedshoulder prosthesis 10 being constrained from excessive superior translation when a patient's arm is taken through a full range of motion including abduction. Such constraint on superior movement is critical for patients suffering from deficient rotator cuffs caused by tears or soft tissue weakening and eroded bony structures, including the acromion and acromioclavicular joint. Humeral head augmentdevice 40 may be modular in design, thus radius ofcurvatures curvatures curvature 33R allows the operating surgeon to optimize the desired shoulder joint range of motion provided by the implantedhumeral head 30 in conjunction with humeral head augmentdevice 40 with the presented anatomic structures of a patient. For example, it is contemplated that in some clinical cases radius ofcurvature 44R may be less than radius ofcurvature 45R and equal to radius of curvature 33R, thereby allowing more superior translation ofshoulder prosthesis 10 during abduction. A further alternative may also be for humeral head augmentdevice 40 to include only a single radius of curvature that is different than radius ofcurvature 33R ofhumeral head 30. For another clinical case it may be desirable for radius ofcurvatures curvature 33R, thus significantly restrictingshoulder prosthesis 10 from any degree of superior translational movement. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that in yet another clinical case, it may be preferred that radius ofcurvatures shoulder prosthesis 10 and a uniform and consistent radius of curvature forarticulation surface 31 andexternal bearing surface 41. -
FIG. 1 showsfirst portion 42 andsecond portion 43 being tangent to each other. This geometric relationship betweenfirst portion 42 andsecond portion 43 is essential to enableshoulder prosthesis 10 to move in a smooth and unrestricted or continuous manner while the patient's arm moves through a complete range of motion. Further, as seen inFIG. 1 ,articulation surface 31 is usually tangent tofirst portion 42, again to allow a patient to experience smooth and unrestricted or continuous movement of their implantedshoulder prosthesis 10. -
FIG. 6 shows the distal, lateral aspect of humeral head augmentdevice 40. Positioned along the distal peripheral edge of humeral head augmentdevice 40 may be at least onehole 55 that the operating surgeon may use for soft tissue attachment purposes. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that several holes may be located along the anterior, posterior and lateral peripheral edge providing various locations for soft-tissue securement. - As seen in
FIGS. 7A-7D , humeral head augmentdevice 40 includes aninternal surface 46 that has amedial aspect 47 and alateral aspect 48. When humeral head augmentdevice 40 is operably positioned withinshoulder prosthesis 10,medial aspect 47 typically contacts or is proximate with the superior surface ofproximal end 14. Extending frommedial aspect 47 is at least onelocking mechanism 52 that is received by an associated at least onelocking mechanism 53. Lockingmechanisms coupling mechanism 54 to secure or couple humeral head augmentdevice 40 toproximal end 14 ofstem 20.FIG. 1 depicts the placement of humeral head augmentdevice 40 as being generally lateral tolongitudinal axis 16. As a result of the modularity of humeral head augmentdevice 40 relative to stem 20, humeral head augmentdevice 40 may also be placed in other operable positions relative tolongitudinal axis 16 depending upon the clinical needs of the patient and resulting intraoperative assessment, including being positioned neutral, medial anterior or posterior tolongitudinal axis 16. - As shown in the cross-section view in
FIG. 7A , lockingmechanism 52 includes an expanding screw orpin device 60 extending through a collaredcylindrical hole 64 inmedial aspect 47. As expanding screw orpin 60 is threaded into receivingcavity 61 of associatedlocking mechanism 53 that is positioned withinproximal end 14, expanding screw orpin device 60 engages receivingcavity 61 resulting in the securement of humeral head augmentdevice 40 to stem 20. -
FIG. 7B is a cross-section view of humeral head augmentdevice 40 that shows analternative coupling mechanism 54, consisting of a threadedscrew 62 and a threadedhole 63. Lockingmechanism 52 includes a threaded screw that extends through a collaredcylindrical hole 65 inmedial aspect 47.Associated locking mechanism 53 consists of threadedhole 63 positioned inproximal end 14. In operation, threadedscrew 62 is inserted into the hole and engages the corresponding threads of threadedhole 63 causing humeral head augmentdevice 40 being fixed to stem 20. - A further example of
coupling mechanism 54 is shown in a cross-section view of humeral head augmentdevice 40 atFIG. 7C . Lockingmechanism 52 consists of at least onecylindrical post 66 extending frommedial aspect 47 ofinternal surface 46. The associatedlocking mechanism 53 includes a corresponding at least onecylindrical hole 68 configured and dimensioned to receive at least onepost 66 and a threadedset screw 67 that is inserted into a threadedhole 69 that projects fromcavity bottom 28 oftaper cavity 17 and intersectshole 68 at an angle relative tolongitudinal axis 16.Alternative coupling mechanism 54 functions by having at least onepost 66 fully inserted into at least onehole 68 withmedial aspect 47 contacting or being proximate the superior surface ofproximal end 14 with threaded setscrew 67 being inserted into threadedhole 69 that when fully engaged, threadedset screw 67 pressingly fixates post 66 intohole 68. - Cross-section view of humeral head augment
device 40 atFIG. 7D depicts yet a furtheralternative coupling mechanism 54. Lockingmechanism 52 typically includes a maleconical taper 70 projecting frommedial aspect 47 ofinternal surface 46. Maleconical taper 70 is oriented about normal relative tomedial aspect 47.Associated locking mechanism 53 is a femaleconical taper 71 that is sized and dimensioned to receive maleconical taper 70. Femaleconical taper 71 is positioned withinproximal end 14 with a centerline that is almost normal to the superior surface ofproximal end 14. In use,alternative coupling mechanism 54 is a taper lock connection formed by the engagement of maleconical taper 70 and femaleconical taper 71 that results in humeral head augmentdevice 40 being secured to stem 20. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that thisalternative coupling mechanism 54 may be reversed in that maleconical taper 70 could extend fromproximal end 14 and femaleconical taper 71 could be located withinmedial aspect 47 of humeral head augmentdevice 40. - A cross-sectional view of humeral head augment
device 40 showing another example of acoupling mechanism 54 is seen atFIG. 7E . Lockingmechanism 52 consists of at least two substantially parallelcylindrical posts 72 extending frommedial aspect 47 ofinternal surface 46. The associatedlocking mechanism 53 includes at least two substantially parallelcylindrical holes 73 that are generally configured and dimensioned to receive at least twoposts 72 and a threadedset screw 74 that is inserted into a threadedhole 75 that projects fromcavity bottom 28 oftaper cavity 17 and intersects both of the at least two substantially parallelcylindrical holes 73 at an angle relative tolongitudinal axis 16.Alternative coupling mechanism 54 functions by typically having at least twoposts 72 fully inserted into the at least twoholes 73 resulting inmedial aspect 47 abutting or being proximate to the superior surface ofproximal end 14 with threaded setscrew 74 being inserted into threadedhole 75 that when fully engaged, threadedset screw 74 urges posts 72 outwardly, thereby pressingly lockingposts 72 withinholes 73. - It should be noted that it is further contemplated that each of the above described
coupling mechanisms 54 may be utilized to secure humeral head augmentdevice 40 tohumeral head 30. Although not shown, it should be understood to those skilled in the art that humeral head augmentdevice 40 may be secured tohumeral head 30 utilizing a locking mechanism disposed on theseating surface 49 of humeral head augmentdevice 40 and an associated locking mechanism positioned oninterior surface 34 ofhumeral head 30. Possible locking mechanism may include, but are not limited to interlocking tapers, expanding set pins, extending posts and threaded fixation screws. - Humeral head augment
device 40 may also include seatingsurface 49, anantirotation surface 50 and amotion control member 51. As described above, following the securement of humeral head augmentdevice 40 to stem 20, a properly sizedhumeral head 30 may be attached to stem 20 utilizing a taper lock arrangement. Following attachment ofhumeral head 30 to stem 20, seatingsurface 49 will typically abut or be positioned proximate tointerior surface 34. Located betweenseating surface 49 andmedial aspect 47 ofinternal surface 46 isantirotation surface 50.Antirotation surface 50 is oriented substantially perpendicular relative toseating surface 49. - As shown in
FIGS. 5A-5C , when humeral head augmentdevice 40 is coupled toproximal end 14,antirotation surface 50 may contact asuperior section 76 ofcollar 25. Extending from the central portion ofantirotation surface 50 ismotion control member 51. -
FIG. 5A depicts one embodiment ofmotion control member 51 that is generally t-shaped or a “rail” likeprojection 77 that extends fromantirotation surface 50.Superior section 76 ofcollar 25 has been modified to receivemotion control member 51 by including a corresponding cavity or indentation of a similar shape tomotion control member 51. - An alternative
motion control member 51 is shown inFIG. 5B as acylindrical post 78 extending fromantirotation surface 50. Again, when humeral head augmentdevice 40 is fixed to stem 20, post 78 extends into a corresponding cylindrical hole located onsuperior section 76. - Yet, a further alternative embodiment of
motion control member 51 is seen inFIG. 5C , wheremotion control member 51 is arectangular tab 79.Tab 79 projects into a correspondingly shaped cavity located insuperior surface 76 when humeral head augmentdevice 40 is coupled to stem 20. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that additional embodiments of the motion control member are contemplated herein, including but not limited to screws, pins, flanges and keys. It is further understood that, all embodiments ofmotion control member 51 are designed to function to inhibit any rotational or other movement between the coupled humeral head augmentdevice 40 andstem 20. Eliminating or reducing any motion assists to ensure proper positioning ofexternal bearing surface 41 relative to the anatomic bony structures following the implantation ofshoulder prosthesis 10 and tohumeral head 30. -
FIG. 8 shows one alternative embodiment of humeral head augmentdevice 80. For some clinical cases, operating surgeons desire to maintain healthy and intact posterior soft tissue structures surrounding the shoulder joint, more specifically, soft tissue structures that comprise the rotator cuff. In these situations, a clinician may choose to utilize alternative humeral head augmentdevice 80. Alternative humeral head augmentdevice 80 includes a unitary body that has aposterior side 81, amedial side 82 and alateral side 83. To accommodate the posterior soft tissue of the rotator cuff structure,external bearing surface 41 disposed onposterior side 81 is partially relieved or may be totally removed. Theresultant relief 84 may extend frommedial side 82 tolateral side 83. Alternatively, although not shown,relief 84 may extend only for a portion ofposterior side 81 with relief originating either proximate tomedial side 82 or proximate tolateral side 83. The remaining portions ofexternal bearing surface 41 remaining intact.Relief 84 will not compromise or impact any of the articulation functionality ofexternal bearing surface 41 that has been described herein. As seen inFIG. 9 , alternative humeral head augmentdevice 80 attaches toproximal end 14 in the same manner as has been described previously and is operably positioned in the same location onstem 20 as detailed above, allowing alternative humeral head augmentdevice 80 to interface and function withhumeral head 30 in the same or similar way as described for humeral head augmentdevice 40 herein. Further, at least onehole 55 may be positioned along the distal, lateral or anterior aspect of humeral head augmentdevice 80 to facilitate soft tissue securement at various locations along the peripheral rim. - The embodiment of
shoulder prosthesis 10 described herein may be modular in design, thereby allowing the operating surgeon to choose from a system of multiple differently sized and shaped components, including stems 20,humeral heads 30 and humeral head augmentdevices 40. The shoulder prosthesis system provides the operating surgeon with the flexibility to mix, match, and implant the appropriate sized and configured shoulder prosthesis to the presented anatomic structures. The system typically is comprised of a series or plurality of stems comprised of various lengths and cross-sectional sizes. Each stem having aproximal end 14 that may be connected tohumeral head 30 and humeral head augmentdevice 40. The shoulder prosthesis system further includes a plurality of different sized humeral heads 30. Each ofhumeral heads 30 may have a different sized radius ofcurvature 33R for therespected articulation surface 31. Having a plurality of differing sized and curved humeral heads 30 allows the operating surgeon the ability to more closely matchhumeral head 30 with the articulating surface of a natural glenoid or a prosthetic glenoid. Each of the plurality ofhumeral heads 30 will typically include taperedpost 35 or another like connector. Additionally, the shoulder prosthesis system will have a plurality of humeral head augmentdevices 40. Again, the plurality of humeral head augmentdevices 40 gives the operating surgeon the ability to reestablish shoulder joint stability and provide pain relief without compromising post-operative limb range of motion. Each of the plurality of humeral head augmentdevices 40 will include the structural features which have been discussed previously herein. The plurality of humeral head augmentdevices 40 in the system may each have the same or different sized radius ofcurvatures first portion 42 andsecond portion 43 ofexternal bearing surface 41, and with respect tohumeral head 30, radius ofcurvatures shoulder prosthesis 10 intraoperatively to address motion control, joint stability and soft-tissue deficiencies. Each of the plurality of humeral head augmentdevices 40 may include acoupling mechanism 54 to allow for securement to one of the plurality of stems 20 in the system and amotion control member 51 that ensures proper alignment of humeral head augmentdevice 40 relative tohumeral head 30 andstem 20. -
FIG. 10 shows a further alternative embodiment of the humeral head augment device. A one-piece humeral-acromion head 300 is seen with the humeral head augment device being integral to the humeral head. As depicted atFIG. 10 , humeral-acromion head 300 includes anouter articulation surface 301.Articulation surface 301 has a generally curved contour that may be comprised of multiple radius of curvatures. It should be understood to those skilled in the art thatarticulation surface 301 may also be comprised of a single radius of curvature. For example purposes only,FIG. 10 illustratesarticulation surface 301 to be comprised of multiple radius of curvatures, 302R, 303R witharticulation surface 301 extending to an angle β that may range from 180 degrees to 270 degrees depending upon a patient's anatomic features and clinical circumstances. As discussed previously herein forhumeral head 30, humeral-acromion head 300 also includes a taperedpost 305 that is similar in structure to taperedpost 35. For the sake of brevity and redundancy, the specific structural characteristics of taperedpost 305 will not be discussed again as they are essentially the same as those of taperedpost 35 ofhumeral head 30.Tapered post 305 does function to couple humeral-acromion head 300 to stem 20. - As seen in
FIG. 10 ,articulation surface 301 may consist of at least two portions, aglenoid bearing portion 310 and anacromion bearing portion 320. When properly coupled to stem 20,glenoid bearing portion 310 is configured to articulate with a glenoid implant or the patient's natural glenoid. Radius ofcurvature 302R is configured and dimensioned to allow for three degrees of motion for an implanted shoulder prosthesis. In addition,acromion bearing portion 320 is configured to articulate with the patient's natural acromion allowing for multiple degrees of motion.Glenoid bearing portion 310 will have at least one radius ofcurvature 302R that may range in size from 15 mm to 45 mm with a more detailed range being between 19 mm to 30 mm. - For example purposes only, as seen in
FIG. 10 ,acromion bearing portion 320 includes at least one radius ofcurvature 303R. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that acromion bearingportion 320 may be constructed of multiple different sized radius of curvatures. Generally, radius ofcurvature 303R is differently sized than radius ofcurvature 302R. The specific size relationship between 302R and 303R (e.g., greater than, less than, or equal) will be dependent upon the presented clinical circumstances and the preference of the operating surgeon. -
Acromion bearing portion 320 of humeral-acromion head 300 may be configured to include a relief on the posterior side. As has already been described previously herein, the relief is provided to allow for the placement of intact rotator cuff soft tissue structures. Although not shown, the relief may span the entire posterior side or, alternatively, only a portion of the posterior side ofacromion bearing portion 320. - It is also further contemplated, and as described previously herein, humeral-
acromion head 300 may include at least one hole positioned along the peripheral rim of both theglenoid bearing portion 310 andacromion bearing portion 320. The hole or holes may be positioned and sized to allow for soft tissue attachment to provide for joint stabilization. -
FIG. 11 shows yet a further alternative embodiment of a humeral head augment device. A humeral-acromion resurfacing implant 400 is seen with the humeral head and the humeral head augment device being a one-piece construct. As shown atFIG. 11 , resurfacingimplant 400 includes anouter articulation surface 401.Articulation surface 401 has a generally curved contour that may be comprised of multiple radius of curvatures. It should be understood to those skilled in the art thatarticulation surface 401 may also be comprised of a single radius of curvature. For example purposes only,FIG. 11 illustratesarticulation surface 401 to be comprised of multiple radius of curvatures, 402R, 403R witharticulation surface 401 extending to an angle A that may range from 180 degrees to 270 degrees depending upon a patient's anatomic features and clinical circumstances. Resurfacingimplant 400 also includes a tapered post or stem 430 that extends from the undersurface of resurfacingimplant 400 and is inserted into the surgically prepared proximal humerus to secure the implantedresurfacing implant 400 to the bone. - As seen in
FIG. 11 ,articulation surface 401 may consist of at least two portions, aglenoid bearing portion 410 and anacromion bearing portion 420. Following implantation,glenoid bearing portion 410 is configured to articulate with a glenoid implant or the patient's natural glenoid. Radius ofcurvature 402R is configured and dimensioned to and allow for three degrees of motion for an implanted shoulder prosthesis. In addition,acromion bearing portion 420 is configured to articulate with the patient's natural acromion allowing for multiple degrees of motion.Glenoid bearing portion 410 will have at least one radius ofcurvature 402R that may range in size from 15 mm to 45 mm with a more detailed range being between 19 mm to 30 mm. - For example purposes only, as seen in
FIG. 11 ,acromion bearing portion 410 includes at least one ofcurvature 403R. It should be understood to those skilled in the art that acromion bearingportion 410 may be constructed of multiple different sized radius of curvatures. Generally, radius ofcurvature 403R is differently sized (e.g., greater than, less than, or equal) than radius ofcurvature 402R with the specific size relationship being dependent upon the presented clinical circumstances and preference of the operating surgeon. -
Acromion bearing portion 420 of resurfacingimplant 400 may be configured to include a relief on the posterior side. As has already been described previously herein, the relief is provided to allow for the placement of intact rotator cuff soft tissue structures. Although not shown, the relief may span the entire posterior side or, alternatively, only a portion of the posterior side ofacromion bearing portion 420. - It is also further contemplated, and as described previously herein, resurfacing
implant 400 may include at least one hole positioned along the peripheral rim of both theglenoid bearing portion 410 andacromion bearing portion 420. The hole or holes may be positioned and sized to allow for soft tissue attachment to provide for joint stabilization. - The method of assembling
shoulder prosthesis 10 includes obtaining a plurality ofhumeral heads 30 with eachhumeral head 30 includingarticulation surface 31,interior surface 34 and a connector for attachinghumeral head 30 to stem 20. The method further includes obtaining a plurality of stems 20, each stem 20 having a shaft with a distinct cross-section, aproximal end 14 anddistal end 15 with a second connector member for engaginghumeral head 30. It is understood that the method includes the step of obtaining a plurality of humeral head augmentdevices 40 with each of the plurality of humeral head augmentdevices 40 havingexternal bearing surface 41 with the structural and functionality characteristics described previously herein andcoupling mechanism 54. The method may also include the step of assembling onehumeral head 30 with onestem 20 and one humeral head augmentdevice 40. Each of these separate components being chosen from the plurality of the respective components contained within a shoulder implant system. The method further includes the steps of employing the coupling mechanism to connect the selected humeral head augmentdevice 40 to the selectedstem 20, or alternatively, to the selectedhumeral head 30. The method may also include the step of engaging the two corresponding connectors ofhumeral head 30 and stem 20 respectively, resulting in the assembly ofshoulder prosthesis 10. - The surgical technique for implantation of a shoulder prosthesis is well known in the art. The method for using a humeral head augment
device 40 in ashoulder prosthesis 10 includes, providing a shoulder prosthesis that may include a modularhumeral head 30 and astem 20 that are designed to be coupled to each other by a mechanical coupling mechanism. The method may further include providing a humeral head augmentdevice 40 for attachment to either stem 20 orhumeral head 30. Humeral head augmentdevice 40 includesexternal bearing surface 41 that may include afirst portion 42 andsecond portion 43 with respected radius ofcurvatures curvatures shoulder prosthesis 10 post-operatively. Humeral head augmentdevice 40 further may includecoupling mechanism 54 that is configured to connect humeral head augmentdevice 40 to either stem 20 orhumeral head 30.Coupling mechanism 54 allows the operating surgeon to assemble humeral head augmentdevice 40 to stem 20 either prior to implantation into the humerus or followingstem 20 being seated into the resected proximal humerus. Humeral head augmentdevice 40 also may includemotion control member 51 that maintains accurate orientation of humeral head augmentdevice 40 relative to stem 20 andhumeral head 30. Ensuring correct positioning of humeral head augmentdevice 40 relative to the other modular components ofshoulder prosthesis 10 will facilitate post-operative joint stability and proper articulation of thehumeral head 30 and humeral head augmentdevice 40 with the natural glenoid, a prosthetic glenoid or the natural acromion. - It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the surgical method may include sequentially implanting
stem 20 into the prepared proximal aspect of the patient's humerus prior to coupling humeral head augmentdevice 40 to stem 20 or alternatively, tohumeral head 30 with the final step being to connect the selectedhumeral head 30 to stem 20. The sequence of assembly ofshoulder prosthesis 10 as described herein may be different depending upon the given clinical situation and whether humeral head augmentdevice 40 is attached tohumeral head 30 orstem 20. At the discretion of the operating surgeon, humeral head augmentdevice 40 may be coupled to stem 20 or tohumeral head 30 on the “back table” prior to the complete assembly and placement ofshoulder prosthesis 10 within the patient's resected humerus. Ultimately, theshoulder prosthesis 10 assembly steps for the method of using a humeral head augmentdevice 40 inshoulder prosthesis 10 and the final sizing combination ofstem 20,humeral head 30 and humeral head augmentdevice 40 will vary depending upon the preference of the operating surgeon in combination with the clinical needs of the patient. - Although the preferred embodiments have been depicted and described in detail herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that various modifications, additions and substitutions can be made without departing from its essence and therefore these are to be considered to be within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (13)
1-53. (canceled)
54. An integral, one-piece humeral head device comprising:
a humeral head having an articulation surface comprising a first portion and a second augmented portion, the first portion comprising a first radius of curvature and the second portion comprising multiple radii of curvature; and
a tapered post extending from the humeral head and configured to engage a bone.
55. The device as recited in claim 54 , wherein the first radius of curvature and the multiple radii of curvature lie in a plane.
56. The device as recited in claim 55 , wherein the plane comprises a medial plane.
57. The device as recited in claim 54 , wherein the first radius comprises a single radius.
58. The device as recited in claim 54 , wherein the first portion comprises a glenoid-bearing portion, and the second portion comprises a acromion-bearing portion.
59. The device as recited in claim 54 , wherein the first portion and the second portion comprise articulating surfaces.
60. The device as recited in claim 54 , wherein the second portion comprises multiple portions, each of the multiple portions comprising one of the multiple radii.
61. The device as recited in claim 60 , wherein at least one of the multiple portions constrains translation of an implanted device.
62. The device as recited in claim 61 , wherein at least one of the multiple portions constrains superior translation of the implanted device.
63. The device as recited in claim 62 , wherein at least one of the multiple portions constrains superior translation of the implanted device during abduction of a device recipient's arm.
64. The device as recited in claim 60 , wherein the second portion comprises two portions, each of the two portions comprising one of the multiple radii.
65. The device as recited in claim 60 , wherein the second portion comprises greater than two portions, each of the greater than two portions comprising one of the multiple radii.
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US14/201,197 Abandoned US20140188233A1 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2014-03-07 | Methods of using, providing and manufacturing a shoulder prosthesis with a one-piece humeral head |
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US20080234829A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
US20120290098A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
US8231684B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 |
US8689425B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 |
US20140188233A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
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