US20120194948A1 - Independent, redundant overvoltage protection for a generator - Google Patents
Independent, redundant overvoltage protection for a generator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120194948A1 US20120194948A1 US13/015,698 US201113015698A US2012194948A1 US 20120194948 A1 US20120194948 A1 US 20120194948A1 US 201113015698 A US201113015698 A US 201113015698A US 2012194948 A1 US2012194948 A1 US 2012194948A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- overvoltage
- output
- voltage
- regulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 101100397059 Caenorhabditis elegans inx-16 gene Proteins 0.000 description 24
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100372601 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) POR2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100099673 Zea mays TIP2-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/107—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for limiting effects of overloads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors
- H02H7/065—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors against excitation faults
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/48—Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle
Definitions
- the present invention is related to generator controllers, and in particular to generator controllers for providing overvoltage protection.
- GCUs Generator controllers, commonly referred to as generator control units (GCUs), regulate the operation of associated generators. For example, in a generator excited by an exciter winding, the GCU monitors the output voltage of the generator and regulates the current supplied to the exciter winding to regulate the output voltage to a desired value. In addition, the GCU provides protection against faults such as overvoltage faults. For example, if the circuit used to regulate the current supplied to the exciter winding fails, the GCU may trip a relay to disconnect power from the exciter winding, and may trip another relay to disconnect the generator output from a distribution bus to protect devices and components connected thereto.
- GCU generator control units
- a generator controller provides independent and redundant overvoltage protection for an associated generator.
- the generator controller includes a generator control unit (GCU) for providing generator regulation and overvoltage protection, and an overvoltage protection unit (OPU) for providing independent and redundant overvoltage protection.
- the GCU monitors an output of the generator at a first point of regulation and in response regulates the generator output to a desired magnitude.
- the GCU provides overvoltage protection based on the monitored output of the generator that includes at least one of tripping a first generator control relay (GCR) to remove excitation from an exciter winding and tripping a generator line contactor (GLC) to disconnect the generator output from a bus.
- GCR generator control relay
- the OPU monitors the output of the generator at a second point of regulation and in response provides independent and redundant overvoltage protection that includes at least one of tripping a second generator control relay (GCR) to remove excitation from the exciter winding and tripping the GLC to disconnect the generator output from the bus.
- GCR generator control relay
- the OPU provides overvoltage protection for the entire abnormal power quality limit curve.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B together form a block diagram of a generator controller that provides independent and redundant overvoltage protection to the generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a generator controller that provides independent and redundant overvoltage (OV) protection for an associated generator.
- the generator controller includes a generator control unit (GCU) and an overvoltage protection unit (OPU).
- GCU generator control unit
- OPU overvoltage protection unit
- the GCU monitors the generator output voltage at a first point of regulation and provides regulation and OV protection in response to the monitored output voltage.
- the OPU independently monitors the generator output voltage at a second point of regulation to provide independent and redundant OV protection.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Generator system 10 includes generator 12 , generator control unit (GCU) 14 , overvoltage protection unit (OPU) 16 , alternating current (AC) bus 18 and one or more loads 20 .
- Generator control unit (GCU) 14 includes rectifier 22 , generator control relay 24 , exciter drive 26 , and control/protection circuit 28 .
- generator 12 is a variable frequency wound-field generator, in which the main output of the generator is a function of the current (labeled ‘exciter field control’) supplied to the exciter field winding (not shown).
- FIG. 1 includes a permanent magnet generator (PMG, not shown) that generates an alternating current (AC) voltage (PMG) that is provided to GCU 14 and used to selectively excite the exciter field winding.
- PMG permanent magnet generator
- the main output of generator 12 is provided via AC bus 18 to one or more of a plurality of loads 20 .
- other types of well-known generator topologies may be employed to excite the wound-field generator and regulate the output of said generator.
- lines indicative of power being transferred are shown in thicker outline, while lines representative of monitored signals or communication signals are shown in thinner outline.
- GCU 14 regulates the output of generator 12 .
- GCU 14 monitors the main output of generator 12 at a first point of regulation POR_ 1 , and selectively controls the excitation (exciter field control) provided to the exciter field winding of generator 12 .
- Excitation for the exciter winding is provided by the PMG portion of generator 12 , which generates an alternating current (AC) voltage.
- the voltage supplied by the PMG is illustrated with a thicker line to indicate that power is being supplied to GCU 14 from the PMG portion.
- Rectifier 22 rectifies the AC voltage provided by the PMG and provides a rectified or DC voltage via GCR 24 to exciter drive 26 .
- Control and protection circuit 28 which receives inputs regarding the monitored output voltage (POR_ 1 _V) of generator 12 , selectively controls the operation of exciter drive 26 in exciting the field winding.
- exciter drive 26 may consist of one or more solid-state switches selectively turned On and Off by control/protection circuit 28 to provide the DC output provided by rectifier 22 to the exciter field winding of generator 12 .
- one embodiment may employ a single solid-state switch for controlling the application of power to the exciter field winding while other embodiments may make use of both a high-side and low-side switch for selectively applying power to the exciter field winding.
- GCU 14 Independent and redundant protection of generator 12 , AC bus 18 and loads 20 associated with generator 12 is provided by GCU 14 and OPU 16 .
- GCU 14 provides protection against fault conditions such as overvoltage faults based on the output voltage of generator 12 monitored at first point of regulation (POR_ 1 ).
- OPU 16 provides protection against fault conditions based on the output voltage of generator 12 monitored at second point of regulation (POR_ 2 ).
- GCU 14 In response to the output voltage provided at the first point of regulation (POR_ 1 ), GCU 14 provides protection that includes at least one of removing excitation from exciter drive 26 via GCR CMD 24 and/or opening/tripping of generator line contactor (GLC) 30 (based on a command (GLC CMD) provided to OPU 16 ) to disconnect the output of generator 12 from AC bus 18 .
- OPU 16 monitors the output of generator 12 at a second point of regulation (POR_ 2 ) and provides protection that includes at least one or removing excitation from exciter drive 26 via GCR 24 (although as illustrated in FIG.
- GCR 24 may include independent contactor relays, one located local to GCU 14 , one local to OPU 16 and/or opening/tripping of GLC 30 to disconnect the output of generator 12 from AC bus 18 .
- GCU 14 and OPU 16 provide redundant overvoltage protection (i.e., both act to remove excitation from generator 12 and disconnect the generator from the AC bus) that is independent of the overvoltage protection provided by the other (i.e., both independently monitor at first and second points of regulations the output of the generator to determine whether an overvoltage condition exists).
- independent protection is further provided by locating GCU 14 on a first line replaceable unit (LRU) and OPU 16 on a second LRU that is located separate from the first LRU. In other embodiments, however, they may be implemented on the same LRU or card.
- LRU line replaceable unit
- FIG. 2A is a block diagram of a generator control unit (GCU) implemented in a first LRU according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2B is a block diagram of an overvoltage protection unit (OPU) implemented in a second LRU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- GCU 14 monitors the generator output voltage (POR_ 1 _V) at a first point of regulation POR_ 1 and through various signal processing steps acts to regulate the generator output voltage by selectively regulating the excitation provided to VFG 12 via exciter drive 26 (as shown in FIG. 1 ).
- GCU 14 provides overvoltage protection in response to the monitored generator output voltage.
- OPU 16 acts to provide independent and redundant overvoltage protection.
- GCU 14 includes a plurality of different modules, including system module 60 , signal processing module 62 , exciter drive module 64 , backplane module 66 , and interconnection module 68 .
- Exciter drive module 64 includes an input for receiving via backplane module 66 the AC voltage generated by the permanent magnet generator (PMG).
- Exciter drive module 64 includes rectifier 22 , generator control relay (GCR) 24 , and exciter drive 26 , each of which are shown in FIG. 1 .
- Exciter drive module 64 further includes, isolated power supply 74 , and exciter control 76 .
- Rectifier 22 rectifies the AC voltage received from PMG armature winding of VFG 12 (shown in FIG. 1 ) to a DC voltage.
- Exciter drive 26 is selectively turned On and Off based on commands received from exciter control 76 to regulate the current supplied to the exciter winding.
- a solid-state switch such as a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) may be employed by exciter drive 26 to selectively control the application of power to an exciter field winding of VFG 12 .
- GCR 24 is a protective relay used to disconnect power from being supplied to the exciter field winding in the event of an overvoltage condition. In this way, GCR 24 provides overvoltage protection in the event exciter drive 26 fails (e.g., fails closed, preventing regulation of current supplied to the exciter field winding).
- GCR 24 is connected to the negative or return path of the DC voltage provided to exciter drive 26 .
- the positive voltage path between rectifier 22 and exciter drive 26 is routed through OPU 16 , which includes a second or redundant generator control relay (ROV GCR 124 ) that is controlled by OPU 16 to disconnect power from being supplied to the exciter field winding of VFG 12 . In this way, redundancy is provided in removing power from the exciter field winding.
- ROV GCR 124 generator control relay
- System module 60 and signal processing module 62 together provide much of the functionality described with respect to control/protection circuit 28 (shown in FIG. 1 ).
- signal processing module 62 receives as inputs the monitored generator current (Gen_CT), the monitored generator output voltage (POR_ 1 _V) as monitored at the first point of regulation (POR_ 1 ), and an exciter off command (Exc_Off_Cmd) received from OPU 16 .
- the monitored generator current and voltage are conditioned by isolation/EMI filter circuit 80 and scaling/filtering circuit 82 , with the conditioned outputs being provided to voltage regulation (VR) processing circuit 84 .
- the exciter off command is similarly provided to VR processing circuit 84 .
- VR processing circuit 84 is implemented with a digital signal processor (DSP).
- DSP digital signal processor
- exciter drive modulator 86 Based on the received exciter command signal, exciter drive modulator 86 generates a pulse width modulated signal (PWM) that is provided to exciter control 76 , which generates the drive signal supplied to exciter drive 26 .
- PWM pulse width modulated signal
- VR processing circuit 84 communicates with system control and protection processor 88 regarding the status of the monitored generator outputs and exciter commands.
- VR processing circuit 84 communicates with system control and protection processor 88 via a controller area network (CAN) bus and/or a UART Test Link (TL) bus, although in other embodiments various communication buses and protocols may be employed.
- CAN controller area network
- TL UART Test Link
- VR processing circuit 84 receives an exciter off command from OPU 16 .
- OPU 16 generates the exciter off command in response to a detected overvoltage fault condition. While OPU 16 takes independent steps to remove excitation from the exciter drive, the exciter off command further instructs VR processing circuit 84 to remove excitation by way of exciter drive 26 .
- signal processing module 62 In addition to voltage regulation, signal processing module 62 also provides overvoltage protection.
- the monitored generator current (Gen_CT) and the monitored generator output voltage (POR_ 1 _V) are provided to isolation and EMI filter circuit 90 and scaling/filtering circuit 92 .
- the conditioned outputs are provided to protection signal processing circuit 94 .
- protection signal processing circuit 94 is implemented as a digital signal processor. Based on the monitored generator current and generator output voltage, protection signal processing circuit 94 detects, among other fault conditions, overvoltage conditions. Detected fault conditions such as overvoltage faults are communicated to system control and protection processor 88 .
- system control and protection processor 88 In response to a detected overvoltage condition, system control and protection processor 88 provides a command (GCR_CMD) to trip or open GCR 24 to remove excitation from the exciter winding 32 and thereby de-energize the generator.
- GCR_CMD command
- protection and signal processing circuit 94 generates a fast trip signal (OV) that is provided via OR gate 96 to GCR 24 . This provides for faster trip response as compared with communication of the trip signal via the CAN bus to system control processor 88 and subsequent trip command from processor 88 .
- system control and protection processor 88 provides in response to a detected overvoltage condition a command (GLC_CMD) to trip or open generator line contactor (GLC) 30 to disconnect the generator output from the bus.
- a command (GLC_CMD) to trip or open generator line contactor (GLC) 30 to disconnect the generator output from the bus.
- GLC trip logic 136 (shown in FIG. 2B ) is maintained on OPU 16 .
- GCU 14 provides regulation and overvoltage protection to generator 12 .
- system control and protection processor 88 further generates a redundant overvoltage command (ROV_BIT) for testing and/or opening the redundant overvoltage (ROV) GCR 124 (shown in FIG. 2B ).
- ROV_BIT redundant overvoltage command
- system control and protection processor 88 receives inputs fro OPU 16 , including an overvoltage signal (Signal OV) from the redundant overvoltage protection circuit 120 (shown in FIG. 2B ) and a GLC trip signal from GLC trip logic 136 (also shown in FIG. 2B ). Based on these signals, system control and protection processor 88 may take additional action within GCU 14 , including tripping GCR 24 and or removing excitation from the exciter field winding via exciter drive 26 .
- an overvoltage signal (Signal OV) from the redundant overvoltage protection circuit 120 (shown in FIG. 2B )
- GLC trip signal from GLC trip logic 136
- OPU module 52 operates to provide independent and redundant overvoltage protection to GCU 14 .
- OPU 16 includes power module 104 and control module 106 .
- power module 104 includes power components capable of handling and operating on the output power of generator 12 (as opposed to GCU 14 , which only monitors the generator output voltage).
- Control module 106 includes components for monitoring the output voltage provided by the generator and providing the desired overvoltage protection.
- OPU 16 is connected to the generator output via second point-of-regulation (POR_ 2 ).
- POR_ 2 second point-of-regulation
- Power module 104 is connected to receive power from generator 12 via the second point of regulation (labeled ‘POR 2 _PHA/B/C’ to indicate an output power received from generator 12 ).
- the generator output is filtered by EMI filter 108 , rectified by three-phase rectifier 110 , and further conditioned and filtered by output filter 112 to generate a DC output voltage that is provided to voltage clamping circuit 114 .
- voltage clamping circuit 114 includes insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT Q 1 ), diode D 1 , and capacitor C 1 , wherein IGBT Q 1 is connected across DC output provided by output filter 112 . During normal operations, IGBT Q 1 remains Off such that the DC output voltage is maintained across capacitor C 1 .
- power module 104 draws a minimal amount of power from the generator output via the second point of regulation POR 2 .
- IGBT Q 1 is turned On to create a low-resistance path between the positive DC link and negative DC link, dissipating a large amount of energy provided by generator 12 across IGBT Q 1 . In this way, the output voltage of generator 12 is reduced.
- IGBT Q 1 is only turned On for a short amount of time, to temporarily dissipate the output voltage of generator 12 while other protection features are activated by GCU 14 or OPU 16 .
- Control module 106 controls the operation of voltage clamping circuit 114 as well as other overvoltage protection measures provided by OPU 16 .
- control module 106 includes isolation and EMI filter 116 , scaling/filter circuit 118 , redundant OV protection 120 , logical OR gate 122 , redundant overvoltage generator control relay (ROV GCR) 124 , DC link voltage sense 126 , gain circuit 128 , threshold voltage comparator 130 , hold-off timer 132 , turn-on timer 134 , generator line contactor (GLC) trip logic 136 , isolated gate drive 138 , and isolation filter 140 .
- ROV GCR redundant overvoltage generator control relay
- the overvoltage protection provided by OPU 16 the voltage of the generator output provided to power module 106 is monitored (POR_ 2 _V) for redundant OV protection circuit 120 and used to trip redundant generator control relay (ROV GCR) 124 . Because the overvoltage protection is provided based on the output voltage at the second point of regulation (POR_ 2 ), the overvoltage protection provided by OPU 16 is independent to the overvoltage protection provided by GCU 14 . In addition, the overvoltage protection is redundant to the overvoltage protection provided by GCU 14 .
- the monitored generator output voltage (POR_ 2 _V) is conditioned by isolation/EMI filter 116 and scaling/filter circuit 118 to generate a conditioned signal representing the monitored generator output voltage at the second point of regulation (POR_ 2 ).
- Redundant overvoltage protection (ROV) circuit 120 detects overvoltage conditions based on the monitored generator output voltage.
- ROV protection circuit 120 employs an inverse time-based trip curve to detect overvoltage conditions. That is, the magnitude of the monitored output voltage determines the duration of time before a trip signal is generated. A high monitored output voltage results in a relatively short trip duration. Conversely, a low monitored output voltage results in a relatively long trip duration such that the trip time is inversely related to the magnitude of the monitored output voltage.
- ROV protection circuit 120 In response to a detected overvoltage condition, ROV protection circuit 120 generates a command (ROV trip) that is communicated via OR gate 122 to ROV GCR 124 .
- the trip signal opens or trips ROV GCR 124 , thereby disconnecting power from exciter drive 26 .
- ROV circuit 120 communicates detection of the overvoltage condition to GCU 14 .
- control module 106 provides threshold overvoltage protection based on monitoring of the DC link voltage provided to voltage clamping circuit 114 .
- the DC link voltage is sensed by DC link voltage sense circuit 126 .
- the sensed DC link voltage which is representative of the generator output voltage, is conditioned by gain circuit 128 and provided to comparator circuit 130 for comparison to a threshold voltage value (Vref).
- Vref threshold voltage value
- comparator circuit 130 operates to generate an overvoltage signal in response to the monitored voltage exceeding a certain level.
- Hold-off timer 132 ensures that the overvoltage condition is not a transient event by requiring the overvoltage condition to persist for a period of time (e.g., 10 microseconds).
- the hold-off time is used to prevent transient events from tripping an overvoltage condition, but is still short enough (e.g., 10 microseconds) to prevent the overvoltage condition from damaging connected components. If the overvoltage condition persists for the hold-off time, then hold-off timer 132 provides an overvoltage signal to turn-on timer 134 .
- the output generated by turn-on timer 134 serves three functions.
- an output (Thresh OV trip) is provided to isolated gate drive 138 , which operates to turn on IGBT Q 1 for the duration of time defined by turn-on timer 134 (e.g., 200 milliseconds). In this way, the on-time of IGBT Q 1 is limited to prevent damage to IGBT Q 1 .
- output (Thresh OV trip) is provided to GLC trip logic 136 , which operates to trip or disconnect GLC 30 (shown in FIG. 1 ) in response to the detected overvoltage condition.
- Generator line contactor (GLC) trip logic 136 may also trip or open GLC 30 based on a command (GLC_CMD) provided by GCU 14 in response to an overvoltage condition detected at the first point of regulation (POR_ 1 ). Third, output (Thresh OV trip) is provided as the other input to OR gate 122 , which trips or disconnects ROV GCR 124 .
- GCU 14 acts to regulate the output of the generator and provide protection that includes at least one of tripping first generator control relay (GCR) 72 to remove excitation from exciter winding 32 , and tripping GLC 30 to disconnect the generator output from a bus.
- OPU 16 provides independent and redundant overvoltage protection that includes at least one of tripping redundant generator control relay (ROV GCR) 124 to remove excitation from exciter winding 32 , tripping GLC 30 to disconnect the generator output from the bus, and immediately reducing the voltage at the output of generator 12 by activating voltage clamp 114 .
- ROV GCR tripping redundant generator control relay
Abstract
Description
- The present invention is related to generator controllers, and in particular to generator controllers for providing overvoltage protection.
- Generator controllers, commonly referred to as generator control units (GCUs), regulate the operation of associated generators. For example, in a generator excited by an exciter winding, the GCU monitors the output voltage of the generator and regulates the current supplied to the exciter winding to regulate the output voltage to a desired value. In addition, the GCU provides protection against faults such as overvoltage faults. For example, if the circuit used to regulate the current supplied to the exciter winding fails, the GCU may trip a relay to disconnect power from the exciter winding, and may trip another relay to disconnect the generator output from a distribution bus to protect devices and components connected thereto.
- A generator controller provides independent and redundant overvoltage protection for an associated generator. The generator controller includes a generator control unit (GCU) for providing generator regulation and overvoltage protection, and an overvoltage protection unit (OPU) for providing independent and redundant overvoltage protection. The GCU monitors an output of the generator at a first point of regulation and in response regulates the generator output to a desired magnitude. In addition, the GCU provides overvoltage protection based on the monitored output of the generator that includes at least one of tripping a first generator control relay (GCR) to remove excitation from an exciter winding and tripping a generator line contactor (GLC) to disconnect the generator output from a bus. The OPU monitors the output of the generator at a second point of regulation and in response provides independent and redundant overvoltage protection that includes at least one of tripping a second generator control relay (GCR) to remove excitation from the exciter winding and tripping the GLC to disconnect the generator output from the bus. The OPU provides overvoltage protection for the entire abnormal power quality limit curve.
-
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B together form a block diagram of a generator controller that provides independent and redundant overvoltage protection to the generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention. - The present invention provides a generator controller that provides independent and redundant overvoltage (OV) protection for an associated generator. In particular, the generator controller includes a generator control unit (GCU) and an overvoltage protection unit (OPU). The GCU monitors the generator output voltage at a first point of regulation and provides regulation and OV protection in response to the monitored output voltage. The OPU independently monitors the generator output voltage at a second point of regulation to provide independent and redundant OV protection.
-
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention.Generator system 10 includesgenerator 12, generator control unit (GCU) 14, overvoltage protection unit (OPU) 16, alternating current (AC)bus 18 and one ormore loads 20. Generator control unit (GCU) 14 includesrectifier 22,generator control relay 24,exciter drive 26, and control/protection circuit 28. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 1 ,generator 12 is a variable frequency wound-field generator, in which the main output of the generator is a function of the current (labeled ‘exciter field control’) supplied to the exciter field winding (not shown). In addition, the embodiment shown inFIG. 1 includes a permanent magnet generator (PMG, not shown) that generates an alternating current (AC) voltage (PMG) that is provided toGCU 14 and used to selectively excite the exciter field winding. The main output ofgenerator 12 is provided viaAC bus 18 to one or more of a plurality ofloads 20. In other embodiments, other types of well-known generator topologies may be employed to excite the wound-field generator and regulate the output of said generator. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 1 , as well as those shown inFIGS. 2A and 2B , lines indicative of power being transferred are shown in thicker outline, while lines representative of monitored signals or communication signals are shown in thinner outline. - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 1 ,GCU 14 regulates the output ofgenerator 12. In particular,GCU 14 monitors the main output ofgenerator 12 at a first point of regulation POR_1, and selectively controls the excitation (exciter field control) provided to the exciter field winding ofgenerator 12. Excitation for the exciter winding is provided by the PMG portion ofgenerator 12, which generates an alternating current (AC) voltage. The voltage supplied by the PMG is illustrated with a thicker line to indicate that power is being supplied toGCU 14 from the PMG portion.Rectifier 22 rectifies the AC voltage provided by the PMG and provides a rectified or DC voltage viaGCR 24 to exciterdrive 26. Control andprotection circuit 28, which receives inputs regarding the monitored output voltage (POR_1_V) ofgenerator 12, selectively controls the operation ofexciter drive 26 in exciting the field winding. In one embodiment,exciter drive 26 may consist of one or more solid-state switches selectively turned On and Off by control/protection circuit 28 to provide the DC output provided byrectifier 22 to the exciter field winding ofgenerator 12. For example, one embodiment may employ a single solid-state switch for controlling the application of power to the exciter field winding while other embodiments may make use of both a high-side and low-side switch for selectively applying power to the exciter field winding. - Independent and redundant protection of
generator 12,AC bus 18 andloads 20 associated withgenerator 12 is provided by GCU 14 and OPU 16. GCU 14 provides protection against fault conditions such as overvoltage faults based on the output voltage ofgenerator 12 monitored at first point of regulation (POR_1). OPU 16 provides protection against fault conditions based on the output voltage ofgenerator 12 monitored at second point of regulation (POR_2). In response to the output voltage provided at the first point of regulation (POR_1),GCU 14 provides protection that includes at least one of removing excitation fromexciter drive 26 viaGCR CMD 24 and/or opening/tripping of generator line contactor (GLC) 30 (based on a command (GLC CMD) provided to OPU 16) to disconnect the output ofgenerator 12 fromAC bus 18. Similarly, OPU 16 monitors the output ofgenerator 12 at a second point of regulation (POR_2) and provides protection that includes at least one or removing excitation fromexciter drive 26 via GCR 24 (although as illustrated inFIG. 2B , GCR 24 may include independent contactor relays, one located local to GCU 14, one local toOPU 16 and/or opening/tripping of GLC 30 to disconnect the output ofgenerator 12 fromAC bus 18. In this way, GCU 14 and OPU 16 provide redundant overvoltage protection (i.e., both act to remove excitation fromgenerator 12 and disconnect the generator from the AC bus) that is independent of the overvoltage protection provided by the other (i.e., both independently monitor at first and second points of regulations the output of the generator to determine whether an overvoltage condition exists). - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 1 , independent protection is further provided by locatingGCU 14 on a first line replaceable unit (LRU) andOPU 16 on a second LRU that is located separate from the first LRU. In other embodiments, however, they may be implemented on the same LRU or card. -
FIG. 2A is a block diagram of a generator control unit (GCU) implemented in a first LRU according to an embodiment of the present invention, andFIG. 2B is a block diagram of an overvoltage protection unit (OPU) implemented in a second LRU according to an embodiment of the present invention. As discussed with respect toFIG. 1 ,GCU 14 monitors the generator output voltage (POR_1_V) at a first point of regulation POR_1 and through various signal processing steps acts to regulate the generator output voltage by selectively regulating the excitation provided toVFG 12 via exciter drive 26 (as shown inFIG. 1 ). In addition,GCU 14 provides overvoltage protection in response to the monitored generator output voltage. Likewise, OPU 16 acts to provide independent and redundant overvoltage protection. - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2A , GCU 14 includes a plurality of different modules, includingsystem module 60,signal processing module 62,exciter drive module 64,backplane module 66, andinterconnection module 68. -
Exciter drive module 64 includes an input for receiving viabackplane module 66 the AC voltage generated by the permanent magnet generator (PMG).Exciter drive module 64 includesrectifier 22, generator control relay (GCR) 24, andexciter drive 26, each of which are shown inFIG. 1 .Exciter drive module 64 further includes, isolatedpower supply 74, and excitercontrol 76. Rectifier 22 rectifies the AC voltage received from PMG armature winding of VFG 12 (shown inFIG. 1 ) to a DC voltage. Exciterdrive 26 is selectively turned On and Off based on commands received from excitercontrol 76 to regulate the current supplied to the exciter winding. A solid-state switch such as a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) may be employed by exciterdrive 26 to selectively control the application of power to an exciter field winding ofVFG 12. In addition, GCR 24 is a protective relay used to disconnect power from being supplied to the exciter field winding in the event of an overvoltage condition. In this way, GCR 24 provides overvoltage protection in theevent exciter drive 26 fails (e.g., fails closed, preventing regulation of current supplied to the exciter field winding). In the embodiment shown inFIG. 2A ,GCR 24 is connected to the negative or return path of the DC voltage provided toexciter drive 26. In addition, the positive voltage path betweenrectifier 22 andexciter drive 26 is routed throughOPU 16, which includes a second or redundant generator control relay (ROV GCR 124) that is controlled byOPU 16 to disconnect power from being supplied to the exciter field winding ofVFG 12. In this way, redundancy is provided in removing power from the exciter field winding. -
System module 60 andsignal processing module 62 together provide much of the functionality described with respect to control/protection circuit 28 (shown inFIG. 1 ). In particular,signal processing module 62 receives as inputs the monitored generator current (Gen_CT), the monitored generator output voltage (POR_1_V) as monitored at the first point of regulation (POR_1), and an exciter off command (Exc_Off_Cmd) received fromOPU 16. The monitored generator current and voltage are conditioned by isolation/EMI filter circuit 80 and scaling/filtering circuit 82, with the conditioned outputs being provided to voltage regulation (VR) processingcircuit 84. The exciter off command is similarly provided toVR processing circuit 84. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 2A ,VR processing circuit 84 is implemented with a digital signal processor (DSP). In response to the monitored generator current and voltage,VR processing circuit 84 generates an exciter command signal (Exciter_Cmd) that is provided to exciter drive modulator 86. Based on the received exciter command signal, exciter drive modulator 86 generates a pulse width modulated signal (PWM) that is provided toexciter control 76, which generates the drive signal supplied toexciter drive 26. In addition,VR processing circuit 84 communicates with system control andprotection processor 88 regarding the status of the monitored generator outputs and exciter commands. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 2A ,VR processing circuit 84 communicates with system control andprotection processor 88 via a controller area network (CAN) bus and/or a UART Test Link (TL) bus, although in other embodiments various communication buses and protocols may be employed. - In addition, in the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2A ,VR processing circuit 84 receives an exciter off command fromOPU 16. As described in further detail with respect toFIG. 2B ,OPU 16 generates the exciter off command in response to a detected overvoltage fault condition. WhileOPU 16 takes independent steps to remove excitation from the exciter drive, the exciter off command further instructsVR processing circuit 84 to remove excitation by way ofexciter drive 26. - In addition to voltage regulation,
signal processing module 62 also provides overvoltage protection. The monitored generator current (Gen_CT) and the monitored generator output voltage (POR_1_V) are provided to isolation andEMI filter circuit 90 and scaling/filtering circuit 92. The conditioned outputs are provided to protectionsignal processing circuit 94. Once again, in the embodiment shown inFIG. 2A , protectionsignal processing circuit 94 is implemented as a digital signal processor. Based on the monitored generator current and generator output voltage, protectionsignal processing circuit 94 detects, among other fault conditions, overvoltage conditions. Detected fault conditions such as overvoltage faults are communicated to system control andprotection processor 88. In response to a detected overvoltage condition, system control andprotection processor 88 provides a command (GCR_CMD) to trip oropen GCR 24 to remove excitation from the exciter winding 32 and thereby de-energize the generator. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 2A , protection andsignal processing circuit 94 generates a fast trip signal (OV) that is provided via OR gate 96 toGCR 24. This provides for faster trip response as compared with communication of the trip signal via the CAN bus tosystem control processor 88 and subsequent trip command fromprocessor 88. - In addition, system control and
protection processor 88 provides in response to a detected overvoltage condition a command (GLC_CMD) to trip or open generator line contactor (GLC) 30 to disconnect the generator output from the bus. In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 2A and 2B , GLC trip logic 136 (shown inFIG. 2B ) is maintained onOPU 16. In this way,GCU 14 provides regulation and overvoltage protection togenerator 12. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 2B , system control andprotection processor 88 further generates a redundant overvoltage command (ROV_BIT) for testing and/or opening the redundant overvoltage (ROV) GCR 124 (shown inFIG. 2B ). - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2B , system control andprotection processor 88 receivesinputs fro OPU 16, including an overvoltage signal (Signal OV) from the redundant overvoltage protection circuit 120 (shown inFIG. 2B ) and a GLC trip signal from GLC trip logic 136 (also shown inFIG. 2B ). Based on these signals, system control andprotection processor 88 may take additional action withinGCU 14, including trippingGCR 24 and or removing excitation from the exciter field winding viaexciter drive 26. - As illustrated in the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2B , OPU module 52 operates to provide independent and redundant overvoltage protection toGCU 14. For performing these operations,OPU 16 includespower module 104 andcontrol module 106. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 2B ,power module 104 includes power components capable of handling and operating on the output power of generator 12 (as opposed toGCU 14, which only monitors the generator output voltage).Control module 106 includes components for monitoring the output voltage provided by the generator and providing the desired overvoltage protection. - To maintain independence between
OPU 16 andGCU 14.OPU 16 is connected to the generator output via second point-of-regulation (POR_2). In this way, a failure with respect to monitoring the voltage at the first point of regulation (POR_1) does not result in a catastrophic loss of overvoltage protection. Although no regulation of the generator output voltage occurs based on this second monitored voltage, it is referred to herein as the second point of regulation (POR_2) to distinguish from the first point of regulation (POR_1). -
Power module 104 is connected to receive power fromgenerator 12 via the second point of regulation (labeled ‘POR2_PHA/B/C’ to indicate an output power received from generator 12). The generator output is filtered byEMI filter 108, rectified by three-phase rectifier 110, and further conditioned and filtered byoutput filter 112 to generate a DC output voltage that is provided tovoltage clamping circuit 114. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 2B ,voltage clamping circuit 114 includes insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT Q1), diode D1, and capacitor C1, wherein IGBT Q1 is connected across DC output provided byoutput filter 112. During normal operations, IGBT Q1 remains Off such that the DC output voltage is maintained across capacitor C1. Once capacitor C1 is charged,power module 104 draws a minimal amount of power from the generator output via the second point of regulation POR2. However, in response to a detected overvoltage condition, IGBT Q1 is turned On to create a low-resistance path between the positive DC link and negative DC link, dissipating a large amount of energy provided bygenerator 12 across IGBT Q1. In this way, the output voltage ofgenerator 12 is reduced. To prevent damage tovoltage clamping circuit 114, IGBT Q1 is only turned On for a short amount of time, to temporarily dissipate the output voltage ofgenerator 12 while other protection features are activated byGCU 14 orOPU 16. -
Control module 106 controls the operation ofvoltage clamping circuit 114 as well as other overvoltage protection measures provided byOPU 16. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 2B ,control module 106 includes isolation andEMI filter 116, scaling/filter circuit 118,redundant OV protection 120, logical ORgate 122, redundant overvoltage generator control relay (ROV GCR) 124, DClink voltage sense 126,gain circuit 128,threshold voltage comparator 130, hold-off timer 132, turn-ontimer 134, generator line contactor (GLC)trip logic 136,isolated gate drive 138, andisolation filter 140. - In one aspect of the overvoltage protection provided by
OPU 16, the voltage of the generator output provided topower module 106 is monitored (POR_2_V) for redundantOV protection circuit 120 and used to trip redundant generator control relay (ROV GCR) 124. Because the overvoltage protection is provided based on the output voltage at the second point of regulation (POR_2), the overvoltage protection provided byOPU 16 is independent to the overvoltage protection provided byGCU 14. In addition, the overvoltage protection is redundant to the overvoltage protection provided byGCU 14. - In particular, the monitored generator output voltage (POR_2_V) is conditioned by isolation/
EMI filter 116 and scaling/filter circuit 118 to generate a conditioned signal representing the monitored generator output voltage at the second point of regulation (POR_2). Redundant overvoltage protection (ROV)circuit 120 detects overvoltage conditions based on the monitored generator output voltage. In one embodiment,ROV protection circuit 120 employs an inverse time-based trip curve to detect overvoltage conditions. That is, the magnitude of the monitored output voltage determines the duration of time before a trip signal is generated. A high monitored output voltage results in a relatively short trip duration. Conversely, a low monitored output voltage results in a relatively long trip duration such that the trip time is inversely related to the magnitude of the monitored output voltage. - In response to a detected overvoltage condition,
ROV protection circuit 120 generates a command (ROV trip) that is communicated via ORgate 122 toROV GCR 124. The trip signal opens ortrips ROV GCR 124, thereby disconnecting power fromexciter drive 26. In addition,ROV circuit 120 communicates detection of the overvoltage condition toGCU 14. - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2B ,control module 106 provides threshold overvoltage protection based on monitoring of the DC link voltage provided tovoltage clamping circuit 114. The DC link voltage is sensed by DC linkvoltage sense circuit 126. The sensed DC link voltage, which is representative of the generator output voltage, is conditioned bygain circuit 128 and provided tocomparator circuit 130 for comparison to a threshold voltage value (Vref). In response to the monitored DC link voltage exceeding the threshold voltage, an overvoltage signal (OV) is generated. In contrast with redundant overvoltage protection circuit 120 (or protection signal processing provided by GCU 14), which may base overvoltage detection on inverse time-based trip curve,comparator circuit 130 operates to generate an overvoltage signal in response to the monitored voltage exceeding a certain level. - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2B , two timers (hold-off timer 132 and turn-on timer 134) are employed to control the operation ofvoltage clamping circuit 114. Hold-off timer 132 ensures that the overvoltage condition is not a transient event by requiring the overvoltage condition to persist for a period of time (e.g., 10 microseconds). The hold-off time is used to prevent transient events from tripping an overvoltage condition, but is still short enough (e.g., 10 microseconds) to prevent the overvoltage condition from damaging connected components. If the overvoltage condition persists for the hold-off time, then hold-off timer 132 provides an overvoltage signal to turn-ontimer 134. - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2B , the output generated by turn-ontimer 134 serves three functions. First, an output (Thresh OV trip) is provided toisolated gate drive 138, which operates to turn on IGBT Q1 for the duration of time defined by turn-on timer 134 (e.g., 200 milliseconds). In this way, the on-time of IGBT Q1 is limited to prevent damage to IGBT Q1. Second, output (Thresh OV trip) is provided toGLC trip logic 136, which operates to trip or disconnect GLC 30 (shown inFIG. 1 ) in response to the detected overvoltage condition. Generator line contactor (GLC)trip logic 136 may also trip oropen GLC 30 based on a command (GLC_CMD) provided byGCU 14 in response to an overvoltage condition detected at the first point of regulation (POR_1). Third, output (Thresh OV trip) is provided as the other input to ORgate 122, which trips or disconnectsROV GCR 124. - In this way,
GCU 14 acts to regulate the output of the generator and provide protection that includes at least one of tripping first generator control relay (GCR) 72 to remove excitation from exciter winding 32, and trippingGLC 30 to disconnect the generator output from a bus.OPU 16 provides independent and redundant overvoltage protection that includes at least one of tripping redundant generator control relay (ROV GCR) 124 to remove excitation from exciter winding 32, trippingGLC 30 to disconnect the generator output from the bus, and immediately reducing the voltage at the output ofgenerator 12 by activatingvoltage clamp 114. - While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment(s), it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment(s) disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (19)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/015,698 US8232778B1 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | Independent, redundant overvoltage protection for a generator |
EP11193781.9A EP2482445B1 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-12-15 | Independent, redundant overvoltage protection for a generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/015,698 US8232778B1 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | Independent, redundant overvoltage protection for a generator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US8232778B1 US8232778B1 (en) | 2012-07-31 |
US20120194948A1 true US20120194948A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
Family
ID=45470276
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/015,698 Active 2031-02-06 US8232778B1 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | Independent, redundant overvoltage protection for a generator |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8232778B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2482445B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130003231A1 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-03 | Wagner Carl A | Overvoltage prevention in an aircraft electrical power generation system |
EP4277110A1 (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-15 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Systems and methods for power generation control |
EP4277111A1 (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-15 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Fast disconnects for generator systems |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8929044B2 (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2015-01-06 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | System and method for controlled overvoltage detection |
US8853911B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2014-10-07 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Generator/motor wedge with lamination interface for reduced stress levels |
US9018889B2 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2015-04-28 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Hardware-based, redundant overvoltage protection |
FR3006817B1 (en) | 2013-06-10 | 2016-11-18 | Hispano Suiza Sa | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR ASSISTING AN ELECTRIC GENERATION SYSTEM OF AN AIRCRAFT |
FR3009452B1 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2017-07-21 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | SYSTEM FOR MANAGING A POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE OF AN ELECTRICAL NETWORK ON THE EDGE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
JP6187093B2 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2017-08-30 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Power converter |
US10003186B2 (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-06-19 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Variable-speed constant-frequency power control |
DE102016218798A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-03-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Voltage regulator of an alternator |
CN107454716B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2023-07-21 | 山东旭程照明科技有限公司 | Double-induction LED light-operated driving control system |
CN107994550B (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2022-06-21 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Coordination method and system for current collection line protection and fan box transformer fuse |
US10944259B2 (en) | 2018-10-08 | 2021-03-09 | Cheng Bao | System and method for over voltage protection in both positive and negative polarities |
WO2020112139A1 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | Innovative Power Solutions, Llc | Electrical system redundant overvoltage protection |
US11424612B2 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2022-08-23 | Ge Aviation Systems Llc | Method and apparatus for over voltage protection of a power system |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3032701A (en) * | 1959-06-12 | 1962-05-01 | Siegler Corp | Static excitation system for generators |
US4118749A (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1978-10-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Field overvoltage protecting apparatus for synchronous machine |
US4297739A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-10-27 | Goldin Rodion G | Device for exciting synchronous machine |
US4973896A (en) * | 1987-10-21 | 1990-11-27 | Toyo Densan Company, Ltd. | Automobile generator apparatus |
US5583420A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1996-12-10 | Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corporation | Microprocessor controller for starter/generator |
US7453240B2 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2008-11-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Generating apparatus and motor control apparatus |
US7960849B2 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2011-06-14 | Universidad Publica De Navarra | Method and system of control of the converter of an electricity generation facility connected to an electricity network in the presence of voltage sags in said network |
US7978445B2 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-12 | General Electric Company | Systems and apparatus relating to wind turbine electrical control and operation |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001069798A (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-03-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Controller for ac generator |
US7276804B2 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2007-10-02 | C.E. Niehoff & Co. | Voltage regulator with improved protection and warning system |
WO2008061357A1 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-05-29 | Satcon Power System Canada Ltd. | Ground fault detector interrupter |
US7877170B2 (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2011-01-25 | Verdant Power | Remanent voltage generator tachometer and control for induction machine |
US8058851B2 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-11-15 | Honeywell International Inc. | Generator control unit with fast field discharge |
-
2011
- 2011-01-28 US US13/015,698 patent/US8232778B1/en active Active
- 2011-12-15 EP EP11193781.9A patent/EP2482445B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3032701A (en) * | 1959-06-12 | 1962-05-01 | Siegler Corp | Static excitation system for generators |
US4118749A (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1978-10-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Field overvoltage protecting apparatus for synchronous machine |
US4297739A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-10-27 | Goldin Rodion G | Device for exciting synchronous machine |
US4973896A (en) * | 1987-10-21 | 1990-11-27 | Toyo Densan Company, Ltd. | Automobile generator apparatus |
US5583420A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1996-12-10 | Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corporation | Microprocessor controller for starter/generator |
US5801516A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1998-09-01 | Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corp. | Drive overload protection circuit |
US7453240B2 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2008-11-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Generating apparatus and motor control apparatus |
US7960849B2 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2011-06-14 | Universidad Publica De Navarra | Method and system of control of the converter of an electricity generation facility connected to an electricity network in the presence of voltage sags in said network |
US7978445B2 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-12 | General Electric Company | Systems and apparatus relating to wind turbine electrical control and operation |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130003231A1 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-03 | Wagner Carl A | Overvoltage prevention in an aircraft electrical power generation system |
US8941955B2 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2015-01-27 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Overvoltage prevention in an aircraft electrical power generation system |
EP4277110A1 (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-15 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Systems and methods for power generation control |
EP4277111A1 (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-15 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Fast disconnects for generator systems |
US11936286B2 (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2024-03-19 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Systems and methods for power generation control |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2482445A2 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
US8232778B1 (en) | 2012-07-31 |
EP2482445B1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
EP2482445A3 (en) | 2014-04-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8232778B1 (en) | Independent, redundant overvoltage protection for a generator | |
EP2747231B1 (en) | Hardware-based, redundant overvoltage protection | |
KR100832769B1 (en) | control and protection of a doubly-fed induction generator system | |
US8338983B2 (en) | SSPC for AC power distribution | |
US9071051B2 (en) | Overvoltage protection unit with AC input current sensors | |
RU2692235C2 (en) | Protection circuit for inverter and inverter system | |
CN204424921U (en) | For power module and the electric power system of the transducer of control connection between generator and electrical network | |
US11710959B2 (en) | Transformer rectifier unit power quality protection | |
EP2771955B1 (en) | Systems and methods for using in identifying and responding to type of grid fault event | |
CN107240912B (en) | Overvoltage protection device of variable-speed water raising power generation system | |
CN108291940B (en) | Method for detecting a fault in a generator unit | |
JP2009124880A (en) | High-voltage power supply device | |
US8427092B2 (en) | High voltage DC electric power generating system with permanent magnet generator protection | |
EP2797194A1 (en) | Systems and methods for electronic TRU input protection | |
US20090213509A1 (en) | System and method for mitigating an electrical arc fault | |
EP2621044B1 (en) | Overvoltage protection during GCU failure | |
EP2061148B1 (en) | Protection of variable frequency power systems from excessive peak electrical potentials | |
AU2018288619B2 (en) | Solid state regulator and circuit breaker for high-power DC bus distributions | |
JP6080364B2 (en) | Voltage clamping method of active rectifier circuit for power loss reduction | |
US10291159B2 (en) | Control system, controller, and control method for wound induction machine | |
US20220020544A1 (en) | Apparatus for opening or closing a dc circuit, and method for automatically closing a dc circuit | |
JP7206392B2 (en) | System for controlling voltage converters | |
JP2004088912A (en) | Excitation controller of generator | |
EP2595310A1 (en) | High voltage DC electric power generating system with permanent magnet generator protection | |
RU32328U1 (en) | Microprocessor-based terminal for differential phase protection of a power line |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORPORATION, CONNECTICUT Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PATEL, DAXESH K.;REEL/FRAME:025710/0607 Effective date: 20110127 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 8TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1552); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 12TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1553); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY Year of fee payment: 12 |