US20120199312A1 - Building terminal fan coil unit with gas contaminents removal, transport refrigeration system with gas contaminents removal, and methods for same - Google Patents
Building terminal fan coil unit with gas contaminents removal, transport refrigeration system with gas contaminents removal, and methods for same Download PDFInfo
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- US20120199312A1 US20120199312A1 US13/501,355 US201013501355A US2012199312A1 US 20120199312 A1 US20120199312 A1 US 20120199312A1 US 201013501355 A US201013501355 A US 201013501355A US 2012199312 A1 US2012199312 A1 US 2012199312A1
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- filter
- unit
- airflow
- fan coil
- refrigeration unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
- F24F1/0328—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing with means for purifying supplied air
- F24F1/035—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing with means for purifying supplied air characterised by the mounting or arrangement of filters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
- A61L9/014—Deodorant compositions containing sorbent material, e.g. activated carbon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/00073—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units comprising a compressor in the indoor unit housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0043—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements
- F24F1/0047—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements mounted in the ceiling or at the ceiling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0071—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air
- F24F1/0073—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air characterised by the mounting or arrangement of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
- F24F8/158—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using active carbon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
- F24F8/167—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using catalytic reactions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2209/14—Filtering means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/20—Method-related aspects
- A61L2209/22—Treatment by sorption, e.g. absorption, adsorption, chemisorption, scrubbing, wet cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2257/7022—Aliphatic hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
- B01D2259/4508—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for cleaning air in buildings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/346—Controlling the process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
- F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
- F24F2013/0616—Outlets that have intake openings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
- F24F2110/60—Odour
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
- F24F2110/64—Airborne particle content
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- One embodiment according to the application can include an ethylene filter for a transport refrigeration system.
- the ethylene filter can be selectively mounted in the transport refrigeration system.
- the ethylene filter can be an integral component of the transport refrigeration unit.
- One embodiment of a transport refrigeration system according to the application can include a sensing and a control module to control the portion of airflow passing through the ethylene filter and/or ventilation airflow to regulate the concentration of ethylene gas inside the refrigerated space.
- a building terminal fan coil unit can include an airflow inlet opening and a airflow outlet opening and a fan disposed in the enclosure, and operable to cause air to flow into the airflow inlet opening and out of the airflow outlet opening, a heat exchanger positioned inside the enclosure so that the airflow will pass therethrough; and an integrated gas removal filter positioned so that the airflow will pass therethrough, said filter operable to provide a physical material removal capability and a formaldehyde gas removal capability with one percent (1%) or more formaldehyde gas removal by filter media weight and less than a 30 Pascal pressure drop at a face airflow rate of 1 m/sec.
- FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an embodiment of a building terminal fan coil unit according to the application where an exemplary single air inlet and exemplary multiple air outlets are shown;
- FIG. 5 is a diagram that shows an embodiment of a transport refrigeration system according to the application.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram that shows an exemplary embodiment of a building terminal fan coil unit according to the application.
- a building terminal fan coil unit 100 can be stand alone mounted in a room.
- a building terminal fan coil unit 100 can be mounted attached to building structure 140 and recessed in drop ceiling 141 .
- Inside a housing 120 of a building terminal fan coil unit 100 are a fan 110 and a heat exchanger 112 .
- a bottom wall 121 of housing 120 can be at least one fan inlet 130 and at least one fan outlet 135 .
- the fan 110 can draw air from the corresponding room (e.g., through the inlet 130 ) and through the heat exchanger 112 , and to discharge conditioned air back to the room through the outlet 135 .
- a building terminal fan coil unit 100 can be a room air conditioning unit.
- the fan 110 draws air in through the inlet 130 (e.g., return air), passes the air through a filter 150 , passes the air through the heat exchanger 112 where it is conditioned, and then the air discharges back into the room via outlet 135 (e.g., 132 , 133 ).
- the heat exchanger 112 can be located after the fan 110 in the airflow or the components can surround the fan 110 as in a cassette FCU arrangement.
- the filter media 152 comprises activated carbon or charcoal to provide (a) one percent (1%) or more formaldehyde gas removal by filter media weight, (b) and less than a 25-30 Pascal pressure drop (e.g., 0.120439 inches of water [4° C.]) at 1 meter per second face air velocity.
- the filter media 152 can provide a 0.5%-1% or more formaldehyde gas removal by filter media weight and less than a 20-10 Pascal pressure drop at 1 m/s face air velocity (e.g., 0.080293-0.041463 inches of water [4° C]).).
- the filter 570 is constructed from four major elements including filter media, a cover web on either side of the filter media, and filter frame.
- the filter media has been specifically designed to increase or maximize ethylene gas removal capabilities while reducing or minimizing pressure drop characteristics or satisfying airflow requirement of the transport refrigeration unit.
- exemplary filter media in the filter 570 employs activated carbon or charcoal, impregnated with a catalyst that targets ethylene.
- An exemplary catalyst for the filter 570 can be palladium.
- the filter 570 can be mounted in a stand-alone unit configured to operate in the enclosed space 514 or the container 512 .
Abstract
Embodiments of systems, apparatus, and/or methods can provide conditioning building terminal fan coil units (e.g., ceiling mounted) configured with a filter to remove particles, selected gases such as formaldehyde, or provide biocidal capability while retaining sufficient FCU airflow. Embodiments of systems, apparatus, and/or methods according to the application can provide a transport refrigeration system and/or components to regulate ethylene gas levels in airflow, for example, of air conditioned by the transport refrigeration system. In one embodiment, a portion of the air conditioned by the transport refrigeration system can pass through an ethylene filter.
Description
- Reference is made to and this application claims priority from and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/250,761, filed Oct. 12, 2009, and entitled BUILDING TERMINAL FAN COIL UNIT WITH GAS CONTAMINANTS REMOVAL, TRANSPORT REFRIGERATION SYSTEM WITH GAS CONTAMINANTS REMOVAL, AND METHODS FOR SAME, which application is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
- This invention relates generally to the field of building terminal fan coil units (FCU), transport refrigeration systems, and methods of operating the same.
- Building terminal fan coil units can be used in buildings to control thermal comfort (e.g., temperature and humidity) and air quality. Building terminal fan coil units can be mounted on or above a ceiling, on or in the wall, or on or below the floor of a room. The related art removal of airborne indoor contaminants, which include particles, gases, and biologicals, is limited because of hardware size limitations and fan pressure constraints. Related art building terminal fan coil units provide only limited particle removal capabilities and no gases and biological removal attributes.
- Perishable items must be maintained within a temperature range to reduce or prevent, depending on the items, spoilage, or conversely damage from freezing during transport. A transport refrigeration unit is used to maintain proper conditions within a transport cargo space. The transport refrigeration unit can regulate conditioned air delivery by the transport refrigeration unit to a container or the transport cargo space. Further, the presence of harmful gases or biologicals should be reduced or eliminated within the refrigerated storage area. For gases, related art transportation refrigeration units can use outdoor air ventilation to reduce gas concentration levels through dilution.
- In view of the background, it is an object of the application to provide building terminal fan coil units and methods for same.
- Another object of the application is to provide a building terminal fan coil unit and methods for same that incorporate an integrated airborne particle and gas removal capability into the FCU design.
- One embodiment of a building terminal fan coil unit according to the application can include a formaldehyde gas removal filter as an integral component of the FCU.
- In view of the background, it is an object of the application to provide a transport refrigeration system, transport refrigeration unit, and methods of operating same that can maintain cargo quality or environment by selectively controlling transport refrigeration system components.
- One embodiment according to the application can include an ethylene filter for a transport refrigeration system. The ethylene filter can be selectively mounted in the transport refrigeration system. The ethylene filter can be an integral component of the transport refrigeration unit.
- One embodiment according to the application can include a control module for a transport refrigeration system for controlling the transport refrigeration system to regulate airflow, for example, of air conditioned by the transport refrigeration system, so that a portion of the airflow can pass through the ethylene filter.
- One embodiment of a transport refrigeration system according to the application can include a sensing and a control module to control the portion of airflow passing through the ethylene filter and/or ventilation airflow to regulate the concentration of ethylene gas inside the refrigerated space.
- In an aspect of the invention, a building terminal fan coil unit can include an airflow inlet opening and a airflow outlet opening and a fan disposed in the enclosure, and operable to cause air to flow into the airflow inlet opening and out of the airflow outlet opening, a heat exchanger positioned inside the enclosure so that the airflow will pass therethrough; and an integrated gas removal filter positioned so that the airflow will pass therethrough, said filter operable to provide a physical material removal capability and a formaldehyde gas removal capability with one percent (1%) or more formaldehyde gas removal by filter media weight and less than a 30 Pascal pressure drop at a face airflow rate of 1 m/sec.
- In an aspect of the invention, an apparatus for controlling ethylene concentration to perishable goods in a mobile container having a refrigeration module for delivering conditioned air into the container, the apparatus can include an outlet port to supply air from the refrigeration unit; an inlet port to return air to the refrigeration unit, at least one filter to remove ethylene gas mounted at the refrigeration unit, and a controller coupled to control operation of the refrigeration unit.
- In an aspect of the invention, a method of operating a transport refrigeration unit can include determining an ethylene gas level, comparing said ethylene gas level to a corresponding threshold value, entering a filtering mode of said transport refrigeration unit to reduce the ethylene gas level when the ethylene gas level is greater than the threshold value, and exiting the filtering mode of the transport refrigeration unit when the ethylene gas level is less than the threshold value.
- Novel features that are characteristic of exemplary embodiments of the invention are set forth with particularity in the claims. Embodiments of the invention itself may be best be understood, with respect to its organization and method of operation, with reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:
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FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a building terminal fan coil unit according to the application where an exemplary single air inlet and an exemplary single air outlet are shown; -
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an embodiment of a building terminal fan coil unit according to the application where an exemplary single air inlet and exemplary multiple air outlets are shown; -
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a building terminal fan coil unit located above a dropped ceiling according to the application where an exemplary single unducted return air inlet above the ceiling and an exemplary single supply air outlet into a room are shown; -
FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating an exemplary filter for a building terminal fan coil unit according to an embodiment of the application; -
FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating another exemplary filter for a building terminal fan coil unit according to an embodiment of the application; -
FIG. 5 is a diagram that shows an embodiment of a transport refrigeration system according to the application; -
FIG. 6 is a flowchart that shows an embodiment of a method for operating a transport refrigeration system according to the application. - Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Whenever possible, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.
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FIG. 1 is a diagram that shows an exemplary embodiment of a building terminal fan coil unit according to the application. As shown inFIG. 1 , a building terminalfan coil unit 100 can be stand alone mounted in a room. In one embodiment, a building terminalfan coil unit 100 can be mounted attached tobuilding structure 140 and recessed indrop ceiling 141. Inside ahousing 120 of a building terminalfan coil unit 100 are afan 110 and aheat exchanger 112. In abottom wall 121 ofhousing 120 can be at least one fan inlet 130 and at least onefan outlet 135. Thefan 110 can draw air from the corresponding room (e.g., through the inlet 130) and through theheat exchanger 112, and to discharge conditioned air back to the room through theoutlet 135. In one embodiment, a building terminalfan coil unit 100 can be a room air conditioning unit. - As shown in
FIG. 2 ,additional fan outlets housing 120 of a building terminalfan coil unit 100. Alternatively, more than one fan inlet can be used. - In operation, the
fan 110 draws air in through the inlet 130 (e.g., return air), passes the air through afilter 150, passes the air through theheat exchanger 112 where it is conditioned, and then the air discharges back into the room via outlet 135 (e.g., 132, 133). Alternatively, components of the building terminalfan coil unit 100 can use other arrangements, for example, theheat exchanger 112 can be located after thefan 110 in the airflow or the components can surround thefan 110 as in a cassette FCU arrangement. -
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a building terminal fan coil unit according to the application where a single ducted air inlet/a return air plenum above the ceiling and a single air outlet into the room are shown. As shown inFIG. 3 ,fan inlet 134 can be formed in side walls (e.g., a single side wall) respectively of thehousing 120 and are to be in fluid flow communication with that normally dead air space between thebuilding structure 140 and thedrop ceiling 141. In one embodiment, return air (e.g., ducts, vents) components are not integrated as part of a buildingfan coil unit 100. Accordingly, a duct (not shown)/a return air plenum providing fluid flow connection from the room through thedrop ceiling 141 can be spaced apart from a buildingfan coil unit 100. Alternatively, the spaced apart return air component can be coupled to a fan inlet (e.g., 134) of the building terminalfan coil unit 100. Accordingly, a duct (not shown)/a supply air plenum providing fluid flow connection to the room through thedrop ceiling 141 can be spaced apart from a buildingfan coil unit 100. Alternatively, the spaced apart supply air component can be coupled to a fan outlet (e.g., fan outlet 135) in a sidewall of the building terminalfan coil unit 100 to eliminate an airflow outlet directly through thehousing 120 to the room. - In one embodiment, building terminal fan coil units can be mounted on or above a ceiling, on or in the wall, or on or in the floor of a room. Further, embodiments of a building terminal fan coil unit according to the application may also be mounted in a room that does not have a drop ceiling.
- In one embodiment, the building terminal
fan coil unit 100 can be a fan coil unit to include thefilter 150 positioned in the airflow of the indoor unit (e.g., between theinlet 130 and the outlet 135). Thefilter 150 can be mounted outside thehousing 120 or inside thehousing 120 or at the airflow inlet for easy maintenance. Thefilter 150 can be configured to reduce contaminants including combinations of particles, gases, and biologicals. - The inventors developed a low-pressure-drop,
flat filter 150 that can be installed (e.g., at the return air inlet of building terminal fan coil units) to provide an effective gas contaminants removal capability. As shown inFIG. 4A , in one embodiment, thefilter 150 is constructed from four major elements. These include thefilter media 152, acover web 155 on either side of the filter media, and filter frame. Thefilter media 152 has been specifically designed to increase or maximize gas removal capabilities while reducing or minimizing pressure drop characteristics. Thecover web 155 has been designed to provide both a particle removal and biological neutralization capability while reducing or minimizing pressure drop characteristics. In one embodiment, a biocide agent can be sprayed to adhere to thecover web 155.Filter media 152 is an adsorption media found to meet the range of specific particle removal criteria, airflow rates, filter pressure drop budgets, and volatile organic compound (e.g., formaldehyde) gas adsorption properties required while properly working within the operating envelop of the building terminal fan coil unit. - In one embodiment, the
filter media 152 comprises activated carbon or charcoal to provide (a) one percent (1%) or more formaldehyde gas removal by filter media weight, (b) and less than a 25-30 Pascal pressure drop (e.g., 0.120439 inches of water [4° C.]) at 1 meter per second face air velocity. In one embodiment, thefilter media 152 can provide a 0.5%-1% or more formaldehyde gas removal by filter media weight and less than a 20-10 Pascal pressure drop at 1 m/s face air velocity (e.g., 0.080293-0.041463 inches of water [4° C]).). - In one embodiment, the
filter 150 can be a low-pressure-drop, flat activated carbon filter (e.g., 5-10 mm thickness or 0.19-0.39 inches). In one embodiment, thefilter 150 can be a “deep-V” activated charcoal filter. In one embodiment, thefilter 150 can be a low-pressure-drop, pleated activated carbon filter. The activated carbon granules can be attached to a woven or non-woven polymer net structure that results in an open structure in the mesh to improve airflow and granule density, while maintaining granule adhesion. In one embodiment,exemplary filter media 152 employs activated carbon, impregnated with a chemisorbant that targets formaldehyde. Exemplary chemisorbants include tris-hydroxyaminomethyl, solid amine, sodium manganese oxide, ethylene urea and phosphoric acid. - As show in
FIG. 3 , thefilter 150 can be constructed in a “deep-V” configuration. In one embodiment, a deep-V configuration filter 150′ as shown inFIG. 4B can include a shipping position and an operating position or installation position (e.g.,FIG. 3 ). The deep-V configuration of thefilter 150′ can provide at least two surfaces that incorporatefilter material 152. Thus, a surface area of filter media in thefilter 150′ that can pass air therethrough can be located in two places (e.g., to double a filter area) to decrease the pressure at the same airflow or increase the airflow at the same pressure. In either of the two previous examples, the deep-V filter 150′ can increase longevity of the filter or increase the time during which contaminants (e.g., formaldehyde) are effectively removed (e.g., lifetime) of thefilter 150′ relative to filter 150. - In one embodiment as shown in
FIG. 4B , thefilter 150′ includes two filtering side surfaces 156, an air passingbottom surface 157, (e.g., without a pressure drop or filtering), and two relatively thin airflow-blocking end surfaces 158. An exemplary length of the side surface can be approximately equal to or larger than a width of thebottom surface 157. In one embodiment, the shipping position of thefilter 150′ is flat or includes substantially two flat top and bottom surfaces. - In one embodiment, the
filter 150′ rotatably connects the end surfaces 158 to thebottom surface 157. As shown inFIG. 4B , an edge connection rotatably connects afirst side surface 156 at a first offset distance dl from thebottom surface 157, and rotatably connects thesecond side surface 156 at a second offset distance d2 from thebottom surface 157. The second offset distance d2 can be greater or less than the first offset distance d1. Further, afirst connector 159 a can connect the side surfaces together and asecond connector 159 b can connect the end surfaces 158 to the at least oneside surface 156 in the installation position. Theconnectors - In one embodiment, the side surfaces 156 are hingedly connected to the
bottom surface 157, and the end surfaces 158 are hingedly connected to thebottom surface 157. In one embodiment, the shipping position of thefilter 150′ is flat or includes substantially two parallel top and bottom surfaces. For example, a first parallel surface (e.g., lower) can be provided by thebottom surface 157 and a second parallel surface (e.g., upper) can be provided by theside surface 156. In one embodiment, thefilter 150′ can be mounted inside or outside thehousing 120. -
FIG. 5 is a diagram that shows an embodiment of a transport refrigeration system. As shown inFIG. 5 , atransport refrigeration system 500 can include atransport refrigeration unit 510 coupled to acontainer 512, which can be used with a trailer, an intermodal container, a train railcar, a ship or the like, used for the transportation or storage of goods requiring a temperature controlled environment, such as, for example foodstuffs and medicines (e.g., perishable or frozen). Thetransport refrigeration unit 510 is configured to maintain a prescribed environment (e.g., thermal, humidity, cargo respiration, presence of gases, presence of chemicals, schedule, or species concentration of the enclosed volume) within the container 512 (e.g., cargo in an enclosed volume). Thecontainer 512 can include anenclosed volume 514 for the transport/storage of such goods. Theenclosed volume 514 may be an enclosed space having an interior atmosphere isolated from the outside (e.g., ambient atmosphere or conditions) of thecontainer 512. - In one embodiment, the
transport refrigeration unit 510 can include acompressor 518, a condenserheat exchanger unit 522, acondenser fan 524, an evaporationheat exchanger unit 526, anevaporation fan 528, and acontroller 550. Thetransport refrigeration unit 510 can include anoptional filter 570 that can be selectively coupled to a conditioned airflow exiting thetransport refrigeration unit 510. - The
compressor 518 can be powered by single phase electric power, three phase electrical power, and/or a diesel engine and can, for example, operate at a constant speed. Thecompressor 518 may be a scroll compressor, a rotary compressor, a reciprocal compressor, or the like. Thetransport refrigeration system 500 requires electrical power from, and can be connected to a power supply unit (not shown) such as a standard commercial power service, an external power generation system (e.g., shipboard), a generator (e.g., diesel generator), or the like. - The condenser
heat exchanger unit 522 can be operatively coupled to an outlet port of thecompressor 518. The evaporatorheat exchanger unit 526 can be operatively coupled to an input port of thecompressor 518. Anexpansion valve 530 can be connected between an output of the condenserheat exchanger unit 522 and an input of the evaporatorheat exchanger unit 526. - The
condenser fan 524 can be positioned to direct an air stream onto the condenserheat exchanger unit 522. The air stream from thecondenser fan 524 can allow heat to be removed from the coolant circulating within the condenserheat exchanger unit 522. Alternatively, thecondenser 522 can be implemented as a gas cooler. - The
evaporator fan 528 can be positioned to direct an air stream onto the evaporationheat exchanger unit 526. Theevaporator fan 528 can be located and ducted so as to circulate the air contained within theenclosed volume 514 of thecontainer 512. In one embodiment, theevaporator fan 530 can direct the stream of air across the surface of the evaporatorheat exchanger unit 526. Heat can thereby be removed from the air, and the reduced temperature air can be circulated within theenclosed volume 514 of thecontainer 512 to lower the temperature of theenclosed volume 514. As shown inFIG. 5 , first andsecond temperature sensors transport refrigeration unit 510 can provide the supply air temperature Ts and the return air temperature Tr to thetransport refrigeration unit 510, respectively. - The
controller 550 such as, for example, a MicroLink™ 2 i controller available from Carrier Corporation of Syracuse, N.Y., USA, can be electrically connected to thecompressor 518, thecondenser fan 524, and/or theevaporator fan 528. Thecontroller 550 can be configured to operate thetransport refrigeration unit 510 to maintain a predetermined environment (e.g., thermal environment) within theenclosed volume 514 of thecontainer 512. Thecontroller 550 can maintain the predetermined environment by selectively controlling modes of operation, or operations of one or more components of thetransport refrigeration unit 510. - In one embodiment, the
filter 570 is constructed from four major elements including filter media, a cover web on either side of the filter media, and filter frame. The filter media has been specifically designed to increase or maximize ethylene gas removal capabilities while reducing or minimizing pressure drop characteristics or satisfying airflow requirement of the transport refrigeration unit. In one embodiment, exemplary filter media in thefilter 570 employs activated carbon or charcoal, impregnated with a catalyst that targets ethylene. An exemplary catalyst for thefilter 570 can be palladium. - In one embodiment, the
filter 570 can be configured to be mounted through a thermal wall or barrier separating thetransport refrigeration unit 510 into a first conditioned portion (e.g., housing the evaporator) and a second ambient portion. In this configuration, thefilter 570 can be accessed (e.g., removed or changed) through a door or access panel on the ambient side of thetransport refrigeration unit 510. For example, thefilter 570 can be accessed without exposing the conditioned side of thetransport refrigeration unit 510 or disconnecting thetransport refrigeration unit 510 from the cargo. - In one embodiment, the
filter 570 can be mounted in a stand-alone unit configured to operate in theenclosed space 514 or thecontainer 512. - In one embodiment, the
filter 570 can be mounted in a prescribed passage or duct configured to selectively pass a portion of the conditioned air to be output by thetransport refrigeration unit 510. When the passageway is open, conditioned air impinges thefilter 570, and filtered conditioned air is output by thetransport refrigeration unit 510. When the passageway is closed, conditioned air does not impinge thefilter 570. - An embodiment of a method of operating a transport refrigeration system according to the application will now be described. The method embodiment shown in
FIG. 6 , can be implemented in and will be described using a transport refrigeration system embodiment shown inFIG. 5 , however, the method embodiment is not intended to be limited thereby. - As shown in
FIG. 6 , after a process starts, a sensor reading such as concentration of gas (e.g., Gs) is obtained (operation block 610). In one embodiment, the gas concentration of gas can be ethylene measured by asensor 560 mounted in thetransport refrigeration unit 510 or a remote sensor 562 mounted in theenclosed space 514. Then, the sensor reading can be compared to a corresponding selected threshold value or range (e.g., G1) for the concentration of gas (operation block 320). In one embodiment, when the sensor reading Gs is less than or equal to the selected value (G1) or within a selected range, an operations mode of thetransport refrigeration system 510 is entered (operation block 630). Otherwise, a filtering mode of thetransport refrigeration unit 510 is entered (operation block 640). From either operation block 630 or operations block 640, control can jump back to repeatedly obtain and compare the sensor reading (operations blocks 610, 620) until the process ends. - In the embodiment of a method of operating a transport refrigeration unit of
FIG. 6 , an ethylene gas concentration sensor reading can be repeatedly compared to a selected operating range. For example, the repeated sensor reading can be determined periodically, aperiodically, intermittently, checked once per second while operating in a first mode, checked one per minute when operating in a second mode, based on prescribed criteria or responsive to an operator action. Accordingly, embodiments of the application can control or use ethylene characteristics for reducing or preventing damage (e.g., spoilage) or to control ripening to cargo such as perishable goods in transit. - In one embodiment, the
filter 570 can be mounted in a prescribed passage or duct configured to pass a portion of the supply air discharged to theenclosed space 514. Thus, in a first mode (e.g., selected by the controller 550), the prescribed passage is opened and thefilter 570 can operate to remove ethylene from the air (e.g., conditioned air) impingingfilter 570 and passing therethrough. In a second mode (e.g., selected by the controller 550), the prescribed passage is closed and thefilter 570 is prevented from removing ethylene or significantly affecting levels of ethylene in thecontainer 512 or in the conditioned air output by thetransport refrigeration unit 510. In one embodiment, thefilter 570 can be configured to cover an outlet port discharging supply air to theenclosed space 514 or to cover an inlet port conveying return air from theenclosed space 510 to thetransport refrigeration unit 510. - Although embodiments of the application have described an integrated sensor or a remote cargo sensor as capable of monitoring gas levels of the cargo (e.g., directly or indirectly), embodiments of the application are not intended to be so limited. For example, the remote cargo sensor may monitor other transport container characteristics such as temperature, humidity, species concentration (e.g., CO, O3, CO2, N2, or the like), cargo respiration, or similar ambient conditions outside the container. Such monitoring can result in controlling (e.g., by the
controller 550 or refrigeration unit 510) the monitored characteristic to be below a selected value or within a selected range as known to one skilled in the art. For example, if a CO2 level were too high in the container, outdoor air can replace a portion of the enclosed volume of air to reduce the CO2 level until it is considered appropriate again. - The
container 512 illustrated inFIG. 5 may be towed by a semi-truck for road transport. However, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that exemplary containers according to embodiments of the application is not limited to such trailers and may encompass, by way of example only and not by way of limitation, trailers adapted for piggy-back use, railroad cars, and container bodies contemplated for land and sea service. - Components of the transport refrigeration unit (e.g., motors, fans, sensors), as known to one skilled in the art, can communicate with a controller (e.g., transport refrigeration unit 10) through wire or wireless communications. For example, wireless communications can include one or more radio transceivers such as one or more of 802.11 radio transceiver, Bluetooth radio transceiver, GSM/GPS radio transceiver or WIMAX (802.16) radio transceiver. Information collected by sensor and components can be used as input parameters for a controller to control various components in transport refrigeration systems. In one embodiment, sensors may monitor additional criteria such as humidity, species concentration or the like in the container.
- Embodiments of the application have been described herein with reference to a heat evaporation type heat exchanger. However, embodiments of the application are not intended to be so limited. For example, a heat absorption type heat exchanger can replace a heat evaporation type heat exchanger. Further, circulating fluid heat exchanges can replace fans (e.g., condenser fan).
- While the present invention has been described with reference to a number of specific embodiments, it will be understood that the true spirit and scope of the invention should be determined only with respect to claims that can be supported by the present specification. Further, while in numerous cases herein wherein systems and apparatuses and methods are described as having a certain number of elements it will be understood that such systems, apparatuses and methods can be practiced with fewer than the mentioned certain number of elements. Also, while a number of particular embodiments have been set forth, it will be understood that features and aspects that have been described with reference to each particular embodiment can be used with each remaining particularly set forth embodiment. For example, aspects and/or features of embodiments described with respect to
FIG. 5 can be combined with aspects or features of embodiments described with respect toFIG. 6 .
Claims (17)
1. A building terminal fan coil unit comprising:
an airflow inlet opening and an airflow outlet opening in an enclosure;
a fan disposed in the enclosure, and operable to cause air to flow into the airflow inlet opening and out of the airflow outlet opening;
a heat exchanger positioned inside the enclosure so that the airflow will pass therethrough; and
a gas removal filter positioned so that the airflow will pass therethrough, said filter operable to provide a physical material removal capability and a formaldehyde gas removal capability.
2. The building terminal fan coil unit of claim 1 , said filter operable to provide a biocide capability.
3. The building terminal fan coil unit of claim 1 , where the filter is flat.
4. The building terminal fan coil unit of claim 1 , where the filter has a deep-V configuration.
5. The building terminal fan coil unit of claim 1 , where the filter is pleated.
6. The building terminal fan coil unit of claim 1 , where the filter is mounted inside or outside the enclosure, the formaldehyde gas removal capability to provide one percent (1%) or more formaldehyde gas removal by filter media weight and less than a 30 Pascal pressure drop at a face airflow rate of 1 msec.
7. The building terminal fan coil unit of claim 1 , where the filter is mounted to cover the airflow inlet opening or the airflow outlet opening.
8. The building terminal fan coil unit of claim 1 , where the airflow inlet opening is in one or more side walls of the housing above a false ceiling, where the airflow inlet opening includes a plurality of openings, when the airflow outlet opening includes a plurality of outlet openings.
9. Apparatus for controlling ethylene concentration to perishable goods in a mobile container having a refrigeration module for delivering conditioned air into the container, said apparatus comprising:
a refrigeration unit including:
an outlet port to supply air from the refrigeration unit;
an inlet port to return air to the refrigeration unit;
at least one filter to remove ethylene gas mounted at the refrigeration unit; and
a controller coupled to control operation of the refrigeration unit.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 , comprising at least one sensor unit to detect an ethylene gas level.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , the filter mounted in the container area.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 , the filter mounted in a configurable passageway that can be selectively connected between the outlet port and the inlet port.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 , where the filter is accessed through a panel door at an ambient side of the refrigeration unit.
14. The apparatus of claim 10 , where the sensor unit is in the refrigeration unit or the container.
15. A method of operating a transport refrigeration unit, comprising:
determining an ethylene gas level;
comparing said ethylene gas level to a corresponding threshold value;
entering a filtering mode of said transport refrigeration unit to reduce the ethylene gas level when the ethylene gas level is greater than the threshold value; and
exiting the filtering mode of the transport refrigeration unit when the ethylene gas level is less than the threshold value.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein said filtering mode passes a portion of supply air provided by the transportation refrigeration unit through a filter treated with a catalyst for ethylene decomposition.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein said sensing activates a filtering unit separate from the transport refrigeration unit, the filtering unit to include a filter treated with a catalyst for ethylene.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/501,355 US20120199312A1 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2010-10-08 | Building terminal fan coil unit with gas contaminents removal, transport refrigeration system with gas contaminents removal, and methods for same |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US25076109P | 2009-10-12 | 2009-10-12 | |
PCT/US2010/052020 WO2011046828A1 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2010-10-08 | Building terminal fan coil unit with gas contaminants removal, transport refrigeration system with gas contaminants removal, and methods for same |
US13/501,355 US20120199312A1 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2010-10-08 | Building terminal fan coil unit with gas contaminents removal, transport refrigeration system with gas contaminents removal, and methods for same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20120199312A1 true US20120199312A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
Family
ID=43425991
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/501,355 Abandoned US20120199312A1 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2010-10-08 | Building terminal fan coil unit with gas contaminents removal, transport refrigeration system with gas contaminents removal, and methods for same |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120199312A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2488795A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102575856B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011046828A1 (en) |
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GB2528890A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-02-10 | Ove Arup & Partners Internat Ltd | Air conditioning unit |
US20160153678A1 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2016-06-02 | Carrier Corporation | Flame arrestors for use with a hvac/r system |
CN106440226A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-02-22 | 西南大学 | Formaldehyde remover |
CN108403063A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-08-17 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Drying system and washing electric appliance |
CN108679750A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-10-19 | 上海粤海大酒店有限公司 | A kind of hotel's air monitering and purification total management system |
US11047593B2 (en) | 2017-02-03 | 2021-06-29 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Air conditioning housing system |
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CN102518596A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-27 | 刘立文 | Control system and control method of energy-saving anti-explosion fan |
CN108702387A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2018-10-23 | 开利公司 | Across the ethylene control in multiple stages of distribution chain |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2011046828A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
CN102575856B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
EP2488795A1 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
CN102575856A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
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Owner name: CARRIER CORPORATION, CONNECTICUT Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ZENG, QINGFAN;CHADWICK, WILLIAM C.;VASSELLI, JOHN J.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20120306 TO 20120319;REEL/FRAME:028028/0199 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |