US20130037018A1 - Solar heat collecting system - Google Patents
Solar heat collecting system Download PDFInfo
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- US20130037018A1 US20130037018A1 US13/645,279 US201213645279A US2013037018A1 US 20130037018 A1 US20130037018 A1 US 20130037018A1 US 201213645279 A US201213645279 A US 201213645279A US 2013037018 A1 US2013037018 A1 US 2013037018A1
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- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001481710 Cerambycidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000112598 Pseudoblennius percoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/77—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with flat reflective plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/71—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S2023/83—Other shapes
- F24S2023/833—Other shapes dish-shaped
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar heat collecting device, and in particular to a low-cost and highly-efficient heat collecting device, which is applicable to fields such as universal civil and industrial large-scale thermal power generation.
- a solar heat collector is a device for absorbing sunlight and transferring the heat generated by the sunlight to a device provided with heat transfer working substance.
- the heat collector is a key part constituting a solar heat utilization system.
- Different heat collecting methods form different types of heat collectors, which are generally categorized into focusing heat collector and non-focusing heat collector.
- the efficiency in collecting energy by the non-focusing heat collector is low and the energy collected by the non-focusing heat collector is in poor quality.
- the focusing heat collector is capable of concentrating the solar energy collected within a large area to a smaller area or even a spot, thereby obtaining quality and high-temperature thermal energy with a concentration ratio of 10 4 .
- the focusing heat collector has long been a most effective apparatus for concentrating sunlight.
- a focusing reflecting mirror achieves an optical heat collection effect only by tracking motions of the sun.
- the focus of the focusing reflecting mirror changes with movement of the reflecting mirror.
- the size and weight of the receiver for receiving heat are restricted.
- a large size shades the area of the reflecting mirror's surface for receiving the sunlight, and a heavy weight adds load to the support part and the rotation part.
- discreteness, intermittence, and unreliability of the solar energy, and scenarios of cloud and wind all affect the heat collection effect on the heat receiving surface of the heat receiver.
- the heat receiver is in the running state, which hinders output of the received solar energy, especially output and application of high-temperature and quality energy.
- An optical collector, referred to as heliostat is being long time searched to solve the problem.
- the heliostat is capable of concentrating sunlight only by using a collecting mirror to track the motion of the sun, at a fixed focus.
- the tower solar heat collector is capable of generating high temperatures reaching 500° C.-600° C., and can conveniently collaborate with high-temperature and high-pressure thermal power plants. In this way, a higher thermal efficiency is achieved for solar thermal power generation, and collaborative equipment can be simply obtained.
- the cost in constructing such a solar power plant is extremely high, and the initial investment may be as much as 34-48 thousand yuan per KW.
- the present invention is directed to providing an FPR solar heat collecting system with high heat collection efficiency and a fixed receiver.
- An FPR solar heat collecting system includes a collecting mirror tracking the sun in real time, a receiver for receiving heat and storing energy, and an electrical control unit for controlling the collecting mirror to track the sun; where the heliostat solar heat collecting system is further provided with a projection mirror that is disposed coaxially and integrally with the collecting mirror and the focus of which is coincident with that of the collecting mirror, a through hole not interfering with the light spot of the collecting mirror and far smaller than the surface of the collecting mirror is disposed at the center of the collecting mirror; and a reflecting mirror is disposed at the side of the collecting mirror opposite to the projection mirror, the reflecting mirror, the collecting mirror, and the projection mirror form a mirror assembly, a receiver is fixedly disposed at the extending direction of the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror, and a first motor is disposed at the primary optical axis line for driving the whole mirror assembly to rotate around the primary optical axis of the reflecting mirror, where the first motor is connected to the electrical control unit and runs under control thereof.
- the mirror assembly for heat collection is mounted on a gyro gimbal, and the FPR solar heat collecting system is also provided with a collecting mirror angle adjusting assembly axially vertical with the rotation axis of the mirror assembly, including a second motor fraction rod and a clump weight whose torques are offset relative to the reflection center, where the second motor traction rod is connected to the backlight surface of the collecting mirror.
- the reflecting mirror is a plane mirror or a ball mirror with a ring concave surface.
- the lateral surface of the receiver is coated with heat insulating material.
- the shape of the collecting mirror is a paraboloid of revolution having the focusing performance, or a convex mirror in a spherical shape.
- the first motor and the second motor are selected from the group consisting of at least one stepping motor and servo motor.
- the FPR solar heat collecting system further includes more than one mirror assembly, and their respective electrical control unit, where the electrical control units are serially or parallelly connected to each other and run synchronously, and the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror of the mirror assembly concentrates at the receiver which has a relatively fixed location.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an FPR solar heat collecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of running state according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic principle diagram of an optical path of the FPR solar heat collecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram according to another embodiment of the present invention (the drawing of a projection mirror is omitted);
- FIGS. 5 a and 5 b are elevation diagrams of two preferred structure forms of a collecting mirror according to the present invention.
- the present invention provides a solar heat collecting system.
- the present invention breaks through the prior art—the inherited idea of a heliostat tower heat collecting system, and has innovatively enabled the sunlight to constantly radiate towards a fixed receiver by using optical principles such as optical focusing, projection, and reflecting. Therefore, no matter how the collecting mirror rotates, the primary axis still does not change.
- the heat collecting system described herein is temporarily referred to as “FPR”.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 are respectively a schematic structural diagram, a schematic diagram of running state, and a schematic principle diagram of the optical path according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a projection mirror 2 which is opposite to the projection surface and the focus of which is coincident with the collecting mirror, is disposed on the other side of the focus of the collecting mirror 1 .
- the collecting mirror 1 and the projection mirror 2 are integrally connected through a gyro gimbal 4 .
- a through hole 11 is disposed at the part, which is spotted by a projection light spot, at the bottom of collecting mirror 1 .
- a reflecting mirror 5 is disposed below the through hole 11 , and is connected to the gyro gimbal 4 and a hole border.
- the reflecting mirror 5 is capable of rotating on the gyro gimbal.
- the reflecting mirror, the collecting mirror, and the projection mirror form a mirror assembly.
- a receiver 3 is fixedly disposed at the extending direction of the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror, and a first motor is disposed at the primary optical axis line for driving the whole mirror assembly to rotate around the center of the reflecting mirror, where the first motor is connected to the electrical control unit and runs under control thereof.
- the FPR solar heat collecting system is further provided with a collecting mirror angle adjusting assembly axially vertical with the rotation axis of the mirror assembly, including a second motor traction rod 61 and a clump weight 62 whose torques are offset relative to the reflection center, where the second motor traction rod 61 is connected to the backlight surface of the collecting mirror.
- the first motor and the second motor may be selected from the group consisting of a stepping motor, a servo motor, or other similar precision control motor.
- the reflecting mirror is a plane mirror or a ball mirror with a ring concave surface.
- the shape of the collecting mirror is a paraboloid of revolution having the focusing performance, or a convex mirror in a spherical shape.
- the lateral surface of the receiver may also be coated with heat insulating material or be thermally-insulated using vacuum heat insulating technology.
- the reflecting light at the center of the reflecting mirror is referred to as the primary optical axis.
- the first motor disposed on the primary optical axis line enables the mirror assembly of the entire heat collecting system to rotate around the primary optical axis, tracking rise and fall of the run and moving synchronously with the sun. With adjustment of the elevation angles in the south and north direction, the system ensures that the sunlight vertically radiates to the collecting mirror. Since the entire collecting mirror system rotates around the primary optical axis starting from S as an originating point.
- the incident light from the reflecting mirror forms a constant angle with the primary optical axis, and the incident beam (projection beam) constantly radiates, along the direction of the primary optical axis, to the receiver through reflection.
- a second motor is mounted at the axis where S point is vertical with the paper surface, to enable the entire collecting mirror system to rotate left and right around S axis, and adjust the inclination angle of the collecting mirror to ensure that the collecting mirror is vertical with the incident sunlight.
- the inclination angle between the reflecting mirror and the horizontal direction is adjusted to ensure that the incident angle is equal to the reflection angle.
- the elevation angle of the reflecting mirror is simultaneously adjusted. This, specifically, ensures that a fixed heat-receiving object (a target or ocular) constantly and effectively receives the sunlight, satisfying the requirement of an FPR.
- the reflecting mirror is made to a ball and ring-shape concave mirror with a ball, similar to a tyre, that is, the projection light focuses at one point through secondary focusing.
- the FPR system with the above single-mirror assembly is a universal daily necessity such as the solar air conditioner, and solar shower.
- the diameter of the collecting mirror does not need to be made larger, and in addition, the system does not need to be disposed on the roof to receive sunlight. To be specific, the system satisfies basic needs in the daily life at a lower generation power consumption ratio (smaller than 0.1%).
- the FPR heat collecting system sees a wider application in solar thermal power generation.
- the heat collecting system includes more than one mirror assembly and their respective electrical control unit.
- the electrical control units are serially or parallelly connected to each other and run synchronously, and the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror of the mirror assembly concentrates at the receiver which has a relatively fixed location.
- the FPR solar heat collecting system has a notable power costs per unit.
- the system according to the present invention is advantageous.
- the FPR solar heat collecting system with a combination of a collecting mirror, a projection mirror, and a reflecting mirror, and use of optical principles such as optical focusing, projection, and reflecting, radiation from the sun or celestial bodies is constantly reflected to a fixed receiver or ocular.
- the system is simple in structure, and imposes a relatively low requirement regarding combination with the buildings, and gains high heat conversion efficiency.
- the system costs less than nuclear power, and causes no hazards.
- Such characteristics facilitate promotion and popularity of the solar energy resources in fields such as the civil and scaled thermal power generation and solar air conditioning.
Abstract
A solar heat collecting system includes a collecting mirror, a receiver, an electrical control unit for controlling the collecting mirror to track the sun, a projection mirror disposed coaxially and integrally with the collecting mirror and the focus of which is coincident with that of the collecting mirror, a through hole disposed at the collecting mirror and the size of which is larger than that of the light spot of the projection mirror and far smaller than the through hole of the collecting mirror, and a reflecting mirror disposed at the side of the collecting mirror opposite to the projection mirror. The receiver is fixedly disposed at the extending direction of the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror. A first motor, disposed at the primary optical axis line for driving the whole mirror assembly, is connected to the electrical control unit and runs under control thereof.
Description
- This application is a continuation of International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2011/072764, with an international filing date of Apr. 14, 2011, designating the United States, now pending, which is based on Chinese Patent Application No. 201010153222.9, filed Apr. 14, 2010. The contents of these specifications are incorporated herein by reference.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting device, and in particular to a low-cost and highly-efficient heat collecting device, which is applicable to fields such as universal civil and industrial large-scale thermal power generation.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- A solar heat collector is a device for absorbing sunlight and transferring the heat generated by the sunlight to a device provided with heat transfer working substance. The heat collector is a key part constituting a solar heat utilization system. Different heat collecting methods form different types of heat collectors, which are generally categorized into focusing heat collector and non-focusing heat collector. The efficiency in collecting energy by the non-focusing heat collector is low and the energy collected by the non-focusing heat collector is in poor quality. The focusing heat collector is capable of concentrating the solar energy collected within a large area to a smaller area or even a spot, thereby obtaining quality and high-temperature thermal energy with a concentration ratio of 104. In power generation systems of a solar air conditioner, a solar steam turbine, and a solar gas turbine that require medium-high temperature thermal energy, since the energy flow concentration of sun radiation is low, the non-focusing heat collector cannot reach the required temperature, and only the focusing heat collector is capable of obtains a high energy flow concentration, and providing a more convenient basis for utilization of the solar energy.
- The focusing heat collector has long been a most effective apparatus for concentrating sunlight. A focusing reflecting mirror achieves an optical heat collection effect only by tracking motions of the sun. The focus of the focusing reflecting mirror changes with movement of the reflecting mirror. In this way, the size and weight of the receiver for receiving heat are restricted. A large size shades the area of the reflecting mirror's surface for receiving the sunlight, and a heavy weight adds load to the support part and the rotation part. In addition, discreteness, intermittence, and unreliability of the solar energy, and scenarios of cloud and wind, all affect the heat collection effect on the heat receiving surface of the heat receiver. Moreover, the heat receiver is in the running state, which hinders output of the received solar energy, especially output and application of high-temperature and quality energy. An optical collector, referred to as heliostat, is being long time searched to solve the problem. The heliostat is capable of concentrating sunlight only by using a collecting mirror to track the motion of the sun, at a fixed focus.
- Since 1930s, many scholars and experts famous home and abroad have endeavored to design a most effective “heliostat” fixed-focus collecting system—tower receiver, whose heat dissipation area is relatively small. Therefore, relative high photothermal conversion efficiency is achieved. The tower solar heat collector is capable of generating high temperatures reaching 500° C.-600° C., and can conveniently collaborate with high-temperature and high-pressure thermal power plants. In this way, a higher thermal efficiency is achieved for solar thermal power generation, and collaborative equipment can be simply obtained. However, the cost in constructing such a solar power plant is extremely high, and the initial investment may be as much as 34-48 thousand yuan per KW. Only the heliostats accounts for 52% of the total costs, and the space occupation exponentially increases with the increase of the power class. The control system for the heliostat is extremely complex. An expert, through years' research, only simplifies M×N control units/mirror into (M+N) control units.
- In view of the above defects in the prior art, the present invention is directed to providing an FPR solar heat collecting system with high heat collection efficiency and a fixed receiver.
- The objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:
- An FPR solar heat collecting system, includes a collecting mirror tracking the sun in real time, a receiver for receiving heat and storing energy, and an electrical control unit for controlling the collecting mirror to track the sun; where the heliostat solar heat collecting system is further provided with a projection mirror that is disposed coaxially and integrally with the collecting mirror and the focus of which is coincident with that of the collecting mirror, a through hole not interfering with the light spot of the collecting mirror and far smaller than the surface of the collecting mirror is disposed at the center of the collecting mirror; and a reflecting mirror is disposed at the side of the collecting mirror opposite to the projection mirror, the reflecting mirror, the collecting mirror, and the projection mirror form a mirror assembly, a receiver is fixedly disposed at the extending direction of the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror, and a first motor is disposed at the primary optical axis line for driving the whole mirror assembly to rotate around the primary optical axis of the reflecting mirror, where the first motor is connected to the electrical control unit and runs under control thereof.
- Further, in the FPR solar heat collecting system, the mirror assembly for heat collection is mounted on a gyro gimbal, and the FPR solar heat collecting system is also provided with a collecting mirror angle adjusting assembly axially vertical with the rotation axis of the mirror assembly, including a second motor fraction rod and a clump weight whose torques are offset relative to the reflection center, where the second motor traction rod is connected to the backlight surface of the collecting mirror.
- The reflecting mirror is a plane mirror or a ball mirror with a ring concave surface.
- The lateral surface of the receiver is coated with heat insulating material.
- The shape of the collecting mirror is a paraboloid of revolution having the focusing performance, or a convex mirror in a spherical shape.
- The first motor and the second motor are selected from the group consisting of at least one stepping motor and servo motor.
- Further, the FPR solar heat collecting system further includes more than one mirror assembly, and their respective electrical control unit, where the electrical control units are serially or parallelly connected to each other and run synchronously, and the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror of the mirror assembly concentrates at the receiver which has a relatively fixed location.
- The application of the FPR solar heat collecting system achieves the following effects:
- With a combination of a collecting mirror, a projection mirror, and a reflecting mirror, and use of optical principles such as optical focusing, projection, and reflecting, radiation from the sun or celestial bodies is constantly reflected to a fixed receiver or ocular. This effectively improves the concentration ratio of the sun to over 100 thousand times, thereby bringing convenience for utilizing high-temperature solar energy. Meanwhile, the system is simple in structure, and imposes a relatively low requirement regarding combination with the buildings, and is less-costly. To be specific, the system costs less than nuclear power, and causes no hazards. During use of the system, the solar energy in all wave bands is absorbed, and the heat conversion efficiency is high.
- The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings, so that the technical solutions of the present invention are better understood.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an FPR solar heat collecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of running state according to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a schematic principle diagram of an optical path of the FPR solar heat collecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram according to another embodiment of the present invention (the drawing of a projection mirror is omitted); and -
FIGS. 5 a and 5 b are elevation diagrams of two preferred structure forms of a collecting mirror according to the present invention. - Various embodiments of the present invention provide a system and method for positioning using an active RFID tag. The following section describes the technical solution of the present invention in combination with accompanying drawings and embodiments.
- To further improve the energy conversion efficiency of the environmental-friendly and inexhaustible solar energy and promote application of the solar energy in various energy-consuming fields, the present invention provides a solar heat collecting system. The present invention breaks through the prior art—the inherited idea of a heliostat tower heat collecting system, and has innovatively enabled the sunlight to constantly radiate towards a fixed receiver by using optical principles such as optical focusing, projection, and reflecting. Therefore, no matter how the collecting mirror rotates, the primary axis still does not change. The heat collecting system described herein is temporarily referred to as “FPR”.
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FIGS. 1 to 3 are respectively a schematic structural diagram, a schematic diagram of running state, and a schematic principle diagram of the optical path according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the FIGS, a projection mirror 2, which is opposite to the projection surface and the focus of which is coincident with the collecting mirror, is disposed on the other side of the focus of thecollecting mirror 1. The collectingmirror 1 and the projection mirror 2 are integrally connected through agyro gimbal 4. A throughhole 11 is disposed at the part, which is spotted by a projection light spot, at the bottom of collectingmirror 1. A reflectingmirror 5 is disposed below the throughhole 11, and is connected to thegyro gimbal 4 and a hole border. The reflectingmirror 5 is capable of rotating on the gyro gimbal. The reflecting mirror, the collecting mirror, and the projection mirror form a mirror assembly. Areceiver 3 is fixedly disposed at the extending direction of the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror, and a first motor is disposed at the primary optical axis line for driving the whole mirror assembly to rotate around the center of the reflecting mirror, where the first motor is connected to the electrical control unit and runs under control thereof. - The above technical solution may be optimized as follows: The FPR solar heat collecting system is further provided with a collecting mirror angle adjusting assembly axially vertical with the rotation axis of the mirror assembly, including a second
motor traction rod 61 and aclump weight 62 whose torques are offset relative to the reflection center, where the secondmotor traction rod 61 is connected to the backlight surface of the collecting mirror. The first motor and the second motor may be selected from the group consisting of a stepping motor, a servo motor, or other similar precision control motor. - The reflecting mirror is a plane mirror or a ball mirror with a ring concave surface. The shape of the collecting mirror is a paraboloid of revolution having the focusing performance, or a convex mirror in a spherical shape. In addition, the lateral surface of the receiver may also be coated with heat insulating material or be thermally-insulated using vacuum heat insulating technology.
- The reflecting light at the center of the reflecting mirror is referred to as the primary optical axis. The first motor disposed on the primary optical axis line enables the mirror assembly of the entire heat collecting system to rotate around the primary optical axis, tracking rise and fall of the run and moving synchronously with the sun. With adjustment of the elevation angles in the south and north direction, the system ensures that the sunlight vertically radiates to the collecting mirror. Since the entire collecting mirror system rotates around the primary optical axis starting from S as an originating point. The incident light from the reflecting mirror forms a constant angle with the primary optical axis, and the incident beam (projection beam) constantly radiates, along the direction of the primary optical axis, to the receiver through reflection.
- The sun rises in the east and falls in the west, and moves between the Tropical of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer, changing at a total angle of 470 degrees, with 0.2575340 degree each day. To ensure that the focusing system is constantly vertical with the sunlight and achieves an optimal heat collection effect, a second motor is mounted at the axis where S point is vertical with the paper surface, to enable the entire collecting mirror system to rotate left and right around S axis, and adjust the inclination angle of the collecting mirror to ensure that the collecting mirror is vertical with the incident sunlight. To ensure that the reflecting light does not change along the primary optical axis, the inclination angle between the reflecting mirror and the horizontal direction is adjusted to ensure that the incident angle is equal to the reflection angle.
- During adjustment of the inclination angle of the collecting mirror by using the motor, the elevation angle of the reflecting mirror is simultaneously adjusted. This, specifically, ensures that a fixed heat-receiving object (a target or ocular) constantly and effectively receives the sunlight, satisfying the requirement of an FPR.
- To make the reflection light to form a light spot at the heat collector or the FPR, the reflecting mirror is made to a ball and ring-shape concave mirror with a ball, similar to a tyre, that is, the projection light focuses at one point through secondary focusing. The FPR system with the above single-mirror assembly is a universal daily necessity such as the solar air conditioner, and solar shower. The diameter of the collecting mirror does not need to be made larger, and in addition, the system does not need to be disposed on the roof to receive sunlight. To be specific, the system satisfies basic needs in the daily life at a lower generation power consumption ratio (smaller than 0.1%).
- Besides, the FPR heat collecting system according to the present invention sees a wider application in solar thermal power generation. To be specific, the heat collecting system includes more than one mirror assembly and their respective electrical control unit. The electrical control units are serially or parallelly connected to each other and run synchronously, and the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror of the mirror assembly concentrates at the receiver which has a relatively fixed location. Compared with the currently popular heliostat system, the FPR solar heat collecting system has a notable power costs per unit. In addition, in aspects of space occupation, and solar energy conversion and utilization rates, the system according to the present invention is advantageous.
- Therefore, according to the technical solutions of the FPR solar heat collecting system, with a combination of a collecting mirror, a projection mirror, and a reflecting mirror, and use of optical principles such as optical focusing, projection, and reflecting, radiation from the sun or celestial bodies is constantly reflected to a fixed receiver or ocular. This effectively improves the concentration ratio of the sun to over 100 thousand times, thereby bringing convenience for utilizing high-temperature solar energy. Meanwhile, the system is simple in structure, and imposes a relatively low requirement regarding combination with the buildings, and gains high heat conversion efficiency. In the case of a project with an equivalent scale, the system costs less than nuclear power, and causes no hazards. Such characteristics facilitate promotion and popularity of the solar energy resources in fields such as the civil and scaled thermal power generation and solar air conditioning.
Claims (8)
1. An FPR solar heat collecting system, comprising a collecting mirror tracking the sun in real time, a receiver for receiving heat and storing energy, and an electrical control unit for controlling the collecting mirror to track the sun;
wherein the heliostat solar heat collecting system is further provided with a projection mirror that is disposed coaxially and integrally with the collecting mirror and the focus of which is coincident with that of the collecting mirror, a through hole not interfering with the light spot of the collecting mirror and far smaller than the surface of the collecting mirror is disposed at the center of the collecting mirror; and a reflecting mirror is disposed at the side of the collecting mirror opposite to the projection mirror, the reflecting mirror, the collecting mirror, and the projection mirror form a mirror assembly, a receiver is fixedly disposed at the extending direction of the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror, and a first motor is disposed at the primary optical axis line for driving the whole mirror assembly to rotate around the center of the reflecting mirror, wherein the first motor is connected to the electrical control unit and runs under control thereof.
2. The FPR solar heat collecting system according to claim 1 , wherein the mirror assembly for heat collection is mounted on a gyro gimbal, and the heliostat solar heat collecting system is further provided with a collecting mirror angle adjusting assembly axially vertical with the rotation axis of the mirror assembly, comprising a second motor traction rod and a clump weight whose torques are offset relative to the reflection center, wherein the second motor traction rod is connected to the backlight surface of the collecting mirror.
3. The FPR solar heat collecting system according to claim 1 , wherein the reflecting mirror is a plane mirror.
4. The FPR solar heat collecting system according to claim 1 , wherein the reflecting mirror is a ball mirror with a ring concave surface.
5. The FPR solar heat collecting system according to claim 1 , wherein the lateral surface of the receiver is coated with heat insulating material.
6. The FPR solar heat collecting system according to claim 1 , wherein the shape of the collecting mirror is a paraboloid of revolution having the focusing performance, or a convex mirror in a spherical shape.
7. The FPR solar heat collecting system according to claim 1 , wherein the first motor and the second motor are selected from the group consisting of at least one stepping motor and servo motor.
8. The FPR solar heat collecting system according to claim 1 , comprising more than one mirror assembly, and their respective electrical control unit;
wherein the electrical control units are serially or parallelly connected to each other and run synchronously, and the primary optical axis line of the reflecting mirror of the mirror assembly concentrates at the receiver which has a relatively fixed location.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2010101532229A CN101806502B (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2010-04-14 | Solar energy collecting system of heliostat |
PCT/CN2011/072764 WO2011127826A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Solar heat collecting system |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CN2011/072764 Continuation WO2011127826A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Solar heat collecting system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20130037018A1 true US20130037018A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
Family
ID=42608395
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/645,279 Abandoned US20130037018A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2012-10-04 | Solar heat collecting system |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20130037018A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2559955B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5797737B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20130057992A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101806502B (en) |
AU (2) | AU2011101778A4 (en) |
EA (1) | EA026763B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011127826A1 (en) |
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US10598324B1 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-03-24 | Frederick Guy | Electromagnetic radiation collecting and directing device |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT201600076246A1 (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-20 | Mohamed Najri | solar thermal parabola |
CN106123368A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-11-16 | 佛山市开信光电有限公司 | A kind of novel dish type solar energy hot systems and installation method thereof |
US10598324B1 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-03-24 | Frederick Guy | Electromagnetic radiation collecting and directing device |
US10962186B2 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2021-03-30 | Frederick Guy | Electromagnetic radiation collecting and directing device |
US20210215312A1 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2021-07-15 | Frederick Guy | Electromagnetic radiation collecting and directing device |
US11808415B2 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2023-11-07 | Frederick R. Guy | Electromagnetic radiation collecting and directing device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2559955A1 (en) | 2013-02-20 |
EA201270760A1 (en) | 2013-03-29 |
WO2011127826A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
KR20130057992A (en) | 2013-06-03 |
EP2559955B1 (en) | 2019-11-27 |
EP2559955A4 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
AU2011101778A4 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
CN101806502B (en) | 2012-04-25 |
JP5797737B2 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
EA026763B1 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
JP2013524161A (en) | 2013-06-17 |
CN101806502A (en) | 2010-08-18 |
AU2011240484A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
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