US20140360453A1 - Valve guide insert with frictional pre-broach retention feature - Google Patents
Valve guide insert with frictional pre-broach retention feature Download PDFInfo
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- US20140360453A1 US20140360453A1 US14/278,618 US201414278618A US2014360453A1 US 20140360453 A1 US20140360453 A1 US 20140360453A1 US 201414278618 A US201414278618 A US 201414278618A US 2014360453 A1 US2014360453 A1 US 2014360453A1
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- Prior art keywords
- valve guide
- guide insert
- valve
- insert
- bore
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
- F01L2301/02—Using ceramic materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
- F01L2303/01—Tools for producing, mounting or adjusting, e.g. some part of the distribution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2810/00—Arrangements solving specific problems in relation with valve gears
- F01L2810/02—Lubrication
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a valve guide insert for use in internal combustion engines and the like, and in particular to a thin-walled valve guide insert.
- Valve guide inserts are commonly used in the construction and rebuilding of cylinder heads in internal combustion engines. More particularly, valve guide inserts are used to provide a wear resistant bearing surface between cylinder heads and the associated valves. Through extended use, valve guides within internal combustion engines can become worn, thereby allowing the associated valve to become sloppy within an associated cylinder. This sloppiness may result in improper seating of the valve or even the failure of the engine.
- Valve guide inserts have become useful within the vehicle engine manufacturing industry by providing a hardened bearing surface between the valve guides and the associated valves, thereby increasing the useful life of the valve guides. Valve guide inserts have also become useful in the engine refurbishing industry by allowing for a worn guide to be broached and a valve guide insert to be inserted within the resurfaces and/or resized valve guide bore, thereby allowing for the continued use of the engine.
- valve guide inserts were tubular shaped members formed of a hardened wear resistant metal.
- the valve guide inserts were press-fit into a valve guide bore of a cylinder head by way of a mechanical device that forcibly inserted the valve guide inserts within the valve guide bores.
- a broaching tool was then forced through the valve guide insert to form an interior bore for guiding the associated valve, as well as to create a tight fit of the valve guide insert within the valve guide floor.
- Hand-inserted valve guide inserts are also used and eliminate the need for mechanical inserting devises, thereby making the process more efficient and less costly.
- valve guide inserts A problem associated with the use of conventional hand-inserted valve guide inserts is the retention of the valve guide inserts within the valve guide bore before using the broaching tool.
- the valve guide insert may be inserted into the valve guide bore, either from above or below, to best take advantage of the various geometries and configurations of internal combustion engines. As a result, a valve guide insert that is inserted from below can have a tendency of falling out of the valve guide bore before the broaching tool can be used.
- valve guide inserts are inserted into several respective valve guide bores
- the use of the broaching tool in one of the valve guide bores may cause one or more of the remaining unbroached valve guide inserts to slide through and/or fall out of the valve guide bore due to vibrations caused by the broaching tool.
- a valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine includes a one-piece, thin-walled, cylindrically-shaped metallic tube made from reformable bearing material having first and second ends and an intermediate section that extends between the first and second ends.
- An inwardly-tapered portion is disposed at the first end, wherein an end diameter of the valve guide insert at the inwardly tapered portion is less than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore, and wherein the outer diameter of the intermediate section is greater than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore.
- a longitudinal slit is disposed along the length of the valve guide insert.
- An interference portion is disposed proximate the second end, wherein the interference portion is configured to substantially secure the valve guide insert within a valve guide bore.
- a valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine includes a one-piece, thin-walled, cylindrically-shaped metallic tube made from reformable bearing material having first and second ends and an intermediate portion. An inwardly tapered portion is disposed at the first end, wherein an end diameter of the valve guide insert at the inwardly-tapered portion is less than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore, and wherein the outer diameter of the intermediate section is greater than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore.
- a longitudinal slit is disposed along the length of the valve guide insert, wherein the longitudinal slit includes a stepped portion, and an interference portion is disposed on at least a portion of an outer surface of the valve guide insert, the interference portion having a roughness parameter of greater than about 32 Ra.
- a valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine includes a formed cylindrically-shaped tube having a substantially consistent wall thickness.
- the cylindrical tube can have first and second ends, first and second edges that extend between the first and second ends, and an intermediate portion defined within the first and second ends and first and second edges.
- the cylindrical tube is shaped such that the first and second edges define a longitudinal slit along the length of the cylindrical tube.
- An outwardly flared portion of the cylindrical tube is disposed proximate one of the first and second ends.
- the apparatus described herein can be incorporated into a method for broaching a valve guide insert to shape the interior surface of a valve guide insert within a valve guide bore of a cylinder head of a combustion engine.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a valve guide insert installed in a valve guide bore of a cylinder head of a combustion engine;
- FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of one embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention
- FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert of FIG. 2 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state;
- FIG. 4 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 3 ;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 6 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 7 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert of FIG. 7 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state;
- FIG. 9 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 8 ;
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 7 ;
- FIG. 11 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 7 ;
- FIG. 12 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert of FIG. 12 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state;
- FIG. 14 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 13 ;
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 12 ;
- FIG. 16 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 12 ;
- FIG. 17 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert of FIG. 17 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state;
- FIG. 19 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 18 ;
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 17 ;
- FIG. 21 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 17 ;
- FIG. 22 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert of FIG. 22 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state;
- FIG. 24 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 23 ;
- FIG. 25 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 22 ;
- FIG. 26 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert of FIG. 22 .
- the terms “upper,” “lower,” “right,” “left,” “rear,” “front,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” and derivatives thereof shall relate to the device as oriented in FIG. 1 .
- the device may assume various alternative orientations and step sequences, except where expressly specified to the contrary.
- the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise.
- reference numeral 10 generally designates a valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore 12 in an internal combustion engine (not shown).
- the internal combustion engine includes a valve section such as a cylinder head 14 that includes a valve having a valve stem 18 and a valve head 20 .
- the valve guide bore 12 is configured to support the valve stem 18 for reciprocal motion.
- the valve guide insert 10 includes a thin-walled, generally one-piece, cylindrically-shaped metallic tube 22 having a first end 24 , a second end 26 , an intermediate or long section 28 located between the first end 24 and the second end 26 , and an inwardly tapered portion 30 disposed at the first end 24 where the diameter at a narrow end 32 of the inwardly tapered portion 30 of the first end 24 is smaller than the diameter of the valve guide insert 10 distal from the inwardly tapered portion 30 .
- the tube 22 further includes a longitudinally extending slit 34 that extends along the entire length of the tube 22 .
- the slit 34 includes a step 36 or offset along its length.
- the slit 34 allows for compression of the tube 22 and reduction in the associated diameters of the tube 22 as the valve guide insert 10 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12 , and also allows for expansion of the associated diameters of the tube 22 as the valve guide insert 10 is broached.
- the slit 34 is defined between first and second edges 38 , 40 of the metallic member that forms the tube 22 of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the intermediate portion or long section 28 is defined between the first and second ends 24 , 26 and the first and second edges 38 , 40 forms the tube 22 .
- the first and second edges 38 , 40 define the slit 34 of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the longitudinal slit 34 can be a linear slit 34 having no step 36 included therein.
- the valve guide insert 10 is adapted for insertion into the valve guide bore 12 of a cylinder head 14 for the internal combustion engine.
- the valve guide insert 10 is adapted for use in a cylinder head 14 with a valve guide bore 12 machined therein.
- the cylinder head 14 includes an exposed shoulder portion 52 located at one end of the valve guide bore 12 .
- the exposed shoulder 52 will be integral with the cylinder head 14 and machined to the proper dimensions.
- the valve stem 18 of the valve passes through the valve guide bore 12 during assembly.
- a valve spring 54 encircles the exposed shoulder 52 of the cylinder head 14 , and the valve 16 is retained therein by a pair of valve keepers (not shown).
- the valve stem 18 extends downward and terminates in the valve head 20 (or valve flange) that seats against a valve seat 56 .
- the valve seat 56 is typically machined into the lower surface of the cylinder head 14 .
- the valve 16 opens into an engine combustion chamber (not shown).
- the valve spring 54 retains the valve 16 in a closed position relative to the valve seat 56 , except when the valve 16 is forced downward by a rocker arm (not shown) or other biasing mechanism of the engine.
- the valve guide insert 10 is configured to have a first outer diameter 70 at the narrow end 32 of the inwardly tapered portion 30 that is smaller than the inner diameter 72 of the valve guide bore 12 such that the valve guide insert 10 can be inserted into the valve guide bore 12 .
- a second outer diameter 74 of the valve guide insert 10 distal from the inwardly tapered portion 30 is greater than an inner diameter 72 of the valve guide bore 12 .
- the configuration of the metallic material of the valve guide insert 10 is such that the valve guide insert 10 tends to retain its original diameter such that the valve guide insert 10 is biased outwardly against the inner diameter 72 of the valve guide bore 12 thereby creating an at least partial compression and/or friction fit between the valve guide insert 10 and the valve guide bore 12 .
- the interior surface 80 of the tube 22 can include oil retaining grooves 82 having a generally spiral pattern.
- the spiral pattern is typically disposed on the interior surface 80 of the valve guide insert 10 and is created on the interior surface 80 of the valve guide insert 10 during the process for rolling the material into the generally cylindrical shape that characterizes the valve guide insert 10 .
- other marking or etching patterns can be installed in or on the interior of outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 as the metallic material is rolled into the cylindrical shape.
- a broaching tool (not shown) is used to shape the interior surface 80 of the valve guide insert 10 within the valve guide bore 12 to create the desired interior diameter necessary for the reciprocal movement of the valves 16 .
- the broaching apparatus and method for broaching the valve guide insert 10 is generally disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,470,846 entitled BROACH TOOL AND METHOD OF REPAIR to Kammeraad et al., the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- valve guide insert 10 is generally made of a substantially malleable metallic material that can include bronze, copper, alloys thereof, or other substantially malleable metallic material that can be formed through the use of the broaching tool.
- the valve guide insert 10 can also include an outwardly flared portion 90 at the second end 26 of the valve guide insert 10 , where a third outer diameter 92 of the valve guide insert 10 at a wide end 94 of the flared portion 90 is greater than the second outer diameter 74 of the valve guide insert 10 distal to the flared portion 90 .
- the flared portion 90 of the valve guide insert 10 in connection with the flexibility of the valve guide insert 10 provided by the slit 34 , provides an additional compression and/or frictional resistance fit when the valve guide insert 10 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12 .
- valve guide insert 10 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12 , such that the flared portion 90 of the valve guide insert 10 engages either a first or second end 24 , 26 of the valve guide bore 12 .
- the valve guide bore 12 biases the flared portion 90 in an inward direction.
- the valve guide insert 10 is made from a metallic sheet that is rolled into a cylindrical form. In this manner, the valve guide insert 10 is configured to substantially retain and tends to retain its originally rolled cylindrical shape. Accordingly, as the flared portion 90 of the valve guide insert 10 is compressed inward by one of the ends of the valve guide bore 12 , the valve guide insert 10 biases against the valve guide bore 12 at least at the flared portion 90 to create a compression and/or frictional fit such that the valve guide insert 10 substantially remains within the valve guide bore 12 .
- valve guide inserts 10 can be inserted into the remaining valve guide bores 12 of the combustion engine and the broaching tool can be used on the various valve guide inserts 10 , while the valve guide inserts 10 substantially retain their position within each of their respective valve guide bores 12 .
- This compression or frictional fit can make the entire process of inserting the valve guide inserts 10 and using the broaching tool a more efficient process where all of the valve guide inserts 10 can be positioned in one step 36 and all of the valve guide inserts 10 can be broached in a single subsequent step 36 .
- the flared portion 90 can extend approximately 0.125′′ from the end of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the third outer diameter 92 of the valve guide insert 10 at the wide end 94 of the flared portion 90 can be within the range of about 0.032′′ greater than the second outer diameter 74 of the valve guide insert 10 distal to the flared portion 90 .
- the length of the flared portion 90 and the third outer diameter 92 at the wide end 94 of the flared portion 90 can be increased or decreased depending upon the particular application or design needs involved.
- the slit 34 of the valve guide insert 10 can include a tabbed portion 100 at the second end 26 of the valve guide insert 10 , wherein the width of the slit 34 is narrower at the tabbed portion 100 . It is contemplated that the tabbed portion 100 can extend from the second end 26 approximately 0.125 inches. It is further contemplated that the tabbed portion 100 can extend into the slit 34 approximately 0.005 inches on each side of the slit 34 . It should be understood that different dimensions are also contemplated.
- the slit 34 of the valve guide insert 10 can include a tapered portion 110 located at the second end 26 of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the slit 34 at the tapered portion 110 generally narrows from a first width 112 to a second width 114 , wherein the first width 112 is the same width as the portions of the slit 34 distal from the tapered portion 110 , and wherein the second width 114 is narrower than the first width 112 .
- the embodiments of the valve guide insert 10 that contain either the tabbed portion 100 or tapered portion 110 of the slit 34 can serve to hold the valve guide insert 10 within the valve guide bore 12 during the broaching process.
- the tabbed portions 100 or tapered portions 110 are configured such that when the valve guide insert 10 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12 , the slit 34 is substantially closed at the first and second ends 24 , 26 .
- the configuration of the slit 34 with the narrower width at the tabbed portion 100 or tapered portions 110 and the larger width of the slit 34 along the remaining length of the valve guide insert 10 forms the valve guide insert 10 into a generally tapered shape when the valve guide insert 10 is placed within the valve guide bore 12 .
- valve guide insert 10 is compressed to a smaller diameter at the first end 24 than at the second end 26 .
- This tapered configuration creates a generally snug fit between the valve guide insert 10 and the valve guide bore 12 such that the valve guide insert 10 is positioned within the valve guide bore 12 by creating a sufficient friction and/or compression fit such that the valve guide insert 10 remains substantially in place during the broaching process.
- the additional surface area of the valve guide insert 10 located at the second end 26 in these embodiments provides additional surface area that can substantially secure the valve guide insert 10 within the valve guide bore 12 .
- the valve guide insert 10 can be formed into a generally cylindrical shape, or a tapered geometry, without losing the structural benefits of having a generally tapered valve guide insert 10 for retention within the valve guide bore 12 .
- the configurations of the valve guide insert 10 having the tabbed portions 100 or tapered portions 110 of the slit 34 can also include the flared portion 90 , as discussed above.
- the flared portion 90 of the valve guide insert 10 is formed in conjunction with the valve guide insert 10 having either the tapered portion 110 or the tabbed portion 100 , the flared portion 90 can be formed with minimal loss of material as a result of expanding the diameter of the valve guide insert 10 to form the flared portion 90 .
- the flared portion 90 of the valve guide insert 10 is created and the slit 34 has a substantially consistent width
- the thickness of the material at the flared portion 90 can become thinner than the cross-sectional thickness of the remaining portions of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the inclusion of the tabbed portion 100 or the tapered portion 110 tends to minimize the thinning of the valve guide insert 10 at the flared portion 90 such that the material of the flared portion 90 can have a substantially consistent thickness.
- the valve guide insert 10 can also include an interference portion, where the interference portion can include an anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 that is disposed on at least a portion of an outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 is in the form of a liquid when applied. When sealed between metals, such that the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 is isolated from oxygen and also in the presence of metal ions, such as copper or iron, the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 cures.
- the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 when a valve guide insert 10 that has an applied layer of the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12 defined by the metallic block of the cylinder head 14 , the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 rapidly cures or hardens to form a cross-linked plastic with rugged adhesion to many metals. When cured, the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 has high shear strength. In addition, as the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 cures, the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 substantially fills the microscopic gaps between interfacing metallic materials to positively lock and seal the metallic materials, preventing lateral movement and substantially protecting the joint from corrosion that can result from moisture, gasses and fluids.
- the anaerobic adhesive retaining compound 120 used in such an embodiment is similar to the anaerobic adhesive retaining compounds 120 manufactured by LOCTITE®.
- the retaining compound 120 can be applied to the valve guide insert 10 before the valve guide insert 10 is rolled into the cylindrical shape, after the cylindrical shape is formed or during the rolling process.
- FIGS. 16 and 19 show non-limiting examples of areas of the outer surface 122 on which the retaining compound 120 can be applied.
- the retaining compound 120 can be located on the entire outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 or a different portion of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the retaining compound 120 serves to increase the frictional fit between the valve guide insert 10 and the valve guide bore 12 .
- the valve guide insert 10 substantially retains its position within the valve guide bore 12 before the broaching process, while other valve guide inserts 10 are being broached and during the broaching of the particular valve guide insert 10 .
- the retaining compound 120 can be disposed on any one or more of the embodiments of the valve guide insert 10 described herein.
- valve guide insert 10 the increased frictional fit between the valve guide insert 10 and the valve guide bore 12 allows the user to insert valve guide inserts 10 within all of the valve guide bores 12 to be refurbished as a first step.
- the broaching tool can then be used in a second step to broach each of the valve guide inserts 10 within the respective valve guide bores 12 without substantial interruption to secure the valve guide inserts 10 .
- Such a two-step process can generally be more efficient and cost effective than repeatedly inserting a single valve guide insert 10 and then broaching that single valve guide insert 10 within the valve guide bore 12 before inserting and broaching the next valve guide insert 10 .
- valve guide insert 10 can be applied to the other surface of the valve guide insert 10 to increase the frictional coefficient of a portion of the outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 .
- alternate materials can include, but are not limited to, various adhesives, various particulate matter, or other such materials that can increase the frictional coefficient of at least a portion of the outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the interference portion of the valve guide insert 10 can also include a textured portion 130 of the outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the textured portion 130 can include a raised or rough surface, etching patterns, or other surface condition integrally defined within the outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 . While the figures show a defined area on the outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 for including the textured portion 130 , various embodiments can include the textured portion 130 upon the entire outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 or the textured portion 130 being applied to an alternatively dimensioned portion of the outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 .
- the textured portion 130 can be configured to have a profile roughness parameter (Ra) of greater than about 32 Ra. It is contemplated that other roughness parameters can be used.
- the textured portion 130 used in the various embodiments can include an irregularly textured surface, a texture having a regular pattern, or other similarly configured surface condition.
- the textured portion 130 can be applied to the outer surface 122 of the valve guide insert 10 during the process of rolling the metallic material into the cylindrical shape that defines the valve guide insert 10 .
- Such an applied material can include an applied grit material, granules, or other applied material.
- the textured portion 130 can also be applied either before or after this rolling process.
- any one or more of the embodiments of the valve guide insert 10 described herein can include the textured portion 130 along at least a portion of the valve guide insert 10 .
- elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements shown in multiple parts may be integrally formed, the operation of the interfaces may be reversed or otherwise varied, the length or width of the structures and/or members or connector or other elements of the system may be varied, the nature or number of adjustment positions provided between the elements may be varied.
- the elements and/or assemblies of the system may be constructed from any of the wide variety of materials that provide sufficient strength or durability, in any of the wide variety of colors, textures, and combinations. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present innovations. Other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the desired and other exemplary embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present innovations.
Abstract
A valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine includes a one-piece, thin-walled, cylindrically-shaped metallic tube made from reformable bearing material having first and second ends and an intermediate portion. An inwardly tapered portion is disposed at the first end, wherein an end diameter of the inwardly tapered portion is less than an outer diameter of a valve guide bore, and wherein the outer diameter of the intermediate section is greater than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore. A longitudinal slit is included having a stepped portion along a length of the longitudinal slit. An interference portion is disposed proximate the second end, wherein the interference portion is configured to substantially secure the valve guide insert within a valve guide bore.
Description
- This application claims priority to and the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/831,794 filed on Jun. 6, 2013, entitled “VALVE GUIDE INSERT WITH FRICTIONAL PRE-BROACH RETENTION FEATURE,” the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention relates to a valve guide insert for use in internal combustion engines and the like, and in particular to a thin-walled valve guide insert.
- Valve guide inserts are commonly used in the construction and rebuilding of cylinder heads in internal combustion engines. More particularly, valve guide inserts are used to provide a wear resistant bearing surface between cylinder heads and the associated valves. Through extended use, valve guides within internal combustion engines can become worn, thereby allowing the associated valve to become sloppy within an associated cylinder. This sloppiness may result in improper seating of the valve or even the failure of the engine.
- Cylinder heads associated with internal combustion engines are typically cast from iron or other non-durable metals. Valve guide inserts have become useful within the vehicle engine manufacturing industry by providing a hardened bearing surface between the valve guides and the associated valves, thereby increasing the useful life of the valve guides. Valve guide inserts have also become useful in the engine refurbishing industry by allowing for a worn guide to be broached and a valve guide insert to be inserted within the resurfaces and/or resized valve guide bore, thereby allowing for the continued use of the engine.
- Heretofore, valve guide inserts were tubular shaped members formed of a hardened wear resistant metal. Typically, the valve guide inserts were press-fit into a valve guide bore of a cylinder head by way of a mechanical device that forcibly inserted the valve guide inserts within the valve guide bores. A broaching tool was then forced through the valve guide insert to form an interior bore for guiding the associated valve, as well as to create a tight fit of the valve guide insert within the valve guide floor. Hand-inserted valve guide inserts are also used and eliminate the need for mechanical inserting devises, thereby making the process more efficient and less costly.
- A problem associated with the use of conventional hand-inserted valve guide inserts is the retention of the valve guide inserts within the valve guide bore before using the broaching tool. Depending upon the application, the valve guide insert may be inserted into the valve guide bore, either from above or below, to best take advantage of the various geometries and configurations of internal combustion engines. As a result, a valve guide insert that is inserted from below can have a tendency of falling out of the valve guide bore before the broaching tool can be used. Also, where several valve guide inserts are inserted into several respective valve guide bores, the use of the broaching tool in one of the valve guide bores may cause one or more of the remaining unbroached valve guide inserts to slide through and/or fall out of the valve guide bore due to vibrations caused by the broaching tool.
- In one embodiment, a valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine includes a one-piece, thin-walled, cylindrically-shaped metallic tube made from reformable bearing material having first and second ends and an intermediate section that extends between the first and second ends. An inwardly-tapered portion is disposed at the first end, wherein an end diameter of the valve guide insert at the inwardly tapered portion is less than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore, and wherein the outer diameter of the intermediate section is greater than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore. A longitudinal slit is disposed along the length of the valve guide insert. An interference portion is disposed proximate the second end, wherein the interference portion is configured to substantially secure the valve guide insert within a valve guide bore.
- In another embodiment, a valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine includes a one-piece, thin-walled, cylindrically-shaped metallic tube made from reformable bearing material having first and second ends and an intermediate portion. An inwardly tapered portion is disposed at the first end, wherein an end diameter of the valve guide insert at the inwardly-tapered portion is less than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore, and wherein the outer diameter of the intermediate section is greater than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore. A longitudinal slit is disposed along the length of the valve guide insert, wherein the longitudinal slit includes a stepped portion, and an interference portion is disposed on at least a portion of an outer surface of the valve guide insert, the interference portion having a roughness parameter of greater than about 32 Ra.
- In yet another embodiment, a valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine includes a formed cylindrically-shaped tube having a substantially consistent wall thickness. The cylindrical tube can have first and second ends, first and second edges that extend between the first and second ends, and an intermediate portion defined within the first and second ends and first and second edges. The cylindrical tube is shaped such that the first and second edges define a longitudinal slit along the length of the cylindrical tube. An outwardly flared portion of the cylindrical tube is disposed proximate one of the first and second ends.
- In other various embodiments, the apparatus described herein can be incorporated into a method for broaching a valve guide insert to shape the interior surface of a valve guide insert within a valve guide bore of a cylinder head of a combustion engine.
- These and other features, advantages, and objects of the present invention will be further understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art by reference to the following specification, claims, and appended drawings.
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FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a valve guide insert installed in a valve guide bore of a cylinder head of a combustion engine; -
FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of one embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention; -
FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 2 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state; -
FIG. 4 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 6 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 7 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention; -
FIG. 8 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 7 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state; -
FIG. 9 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 8 ; -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 7 ; -
FIG. 11 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 7 ; -
FIG. 12 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention; -
FIG. 13 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 12 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state; -
FIG. 14 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 13 ; -
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 12 ; -
FIG. 16 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 12 ; -
FIG. 17 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention; -
FIG. 18 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 17 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state; -
FIG. 19 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 18 ; -
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 17 ; -
FIG. 21 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 17 ; -
FIG. 22 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of a valve guide insert embodying the present invention; -
FIG. 23 is an elevation view of the inner surface of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 22 with the valve guide insert in an unrolled state; -
FIG. 24 is an edge elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 23 ; -
FIG. 25 is a perspective view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 22 ; and -
FIG. 26 is an end elevation view of the valve guide insert ofFIG. 22 . - For purposes of description herein the terms “upper,” “lower,” “right,” “left,” “rear,” “front,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” and derivatives thereof shall relate to the device as oriented in
FIG. 1 . However, it is to be understood that the device may assume various alternative orientations and step sequences, except where expressly specified to the contrary. It is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise. - As shown in
FIGS. 1-6 ,reference numeral 10 generally designates a valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore 12 in an internal combustion engine (not shown). The internal combustion engine includes a valve section such as acylinder head 14 that includes a valve having avalve stem 18 and avalve head 20. The valve guide bore 12 is configured to support thevalve stem 18 for reciprocal motion. Thevalve guide insert 10 includes a thin-walled, generally one-piece, cylindrically-shapedmetallic tube 22 having afirst end 24, asecond end 26, an intermediate orlong section 28 located between thefirst end 24 and thesecond end 26, and an inwardly taperedportion 30 disposed at thefirst end 24 where the diameter at anarrow end 32 of the inwardly taperedportion 30 of thefirst end 24 is smaller than the diameter of thevalve guide insert 10 distal from the inwardly taperedportion 30. - As shown in
FIGS. 2-6 , thetube 22 further includes alongitudinally extending slit 34 that extends along the entire length of thetube 22. Theslit 34 includes astep 36 or offset along its length. Theslit 34 allows for compression of thetube 22 and reduction in the associated diameters of thetube 22 as thevalve guide insert 10 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12, and also allows for expansion of the associated diameters of thetube 22 as thevalve guide insert 10 is broached. In the various embodiments, theslit 34 is defined between first andsecond edges tube 22 of thevalve guide insert 10. The intermediate portion orlong section 28 is defined between the first and second ends 24, 26 and the first andsecond edges tube 22. When the metal member is rolled to form thetube 22, the first andsecond edges slit 34 of thevalve guide insert 10. In various embodiments, it is contemplated that thelongitudinal slit 34 can be alinear slit 34 having nostep 36 included therein. - Referring again to
FIG. 1 , thevalve guide insert 10 is adapted for insertion into the valve guide bore 12 of acylinder head 14 for the internal combustion engine. Thevalve guide insert 10 is adapted for use in acylinder head 14 with a valve guide bore 12 machined therein. Thecylinder head 14 includes an exposedshoulder portion 52 located at one end of the valve guide bore 12. Typically, the exposedshoulder 52 will be integral with thecylinder head 14 and machined to the proper dimensions. The valve stem 18 of the valve passes through the valve guide bore 12 during assembly. Avalve spring 54 encircles the exposedshoulder 52 of thecylinder head 14, and thevalve 16 is retained therein by a pair of valve keepers (not shown). The valve stem 18 extends downward and terminates in the valve head 20 (or valve flange) that seats against avalve seat 56. Thevalve seat 56 is typically machined into the lower surface of thecylinder head 14. Thevalve 16 opens into an engine combustion chamber (not shown). Thevalve spring 54 retains thevalve 16 in a closed position relative to thevalve seat 56, except when thevalve 16 is forced downward by a rocker arm (not shown) or other biasing mechanism of the engine. - Referring again to
FIGS. 1-6 , thevalve guide insert 10 is configured to have a firstouter diameter 70 at thenarrow end 32 of the inwardly taperedportion 30 that is smaller than theinner diameter 72 of the valve guide bore 12 such that thevalve guide insert 10 can be inserted into the valve guide bore 12. A secondouter diameter 74 of thevalve guide insert 10 distal from the inwardly taperedportion 30 is greater than aninner diameter 72 of the valve guide bore 12. In this manner, as thevalve guide insert 10 is inserted in the valve guide bore 12, thevalve guide insert 10 is compressed and theslit 34 becomes substantially closed. The configuration of the metallic material of thevalve guide insert 10 is such that thevalve guide insert 10 tends to retain its original diameter such that thevalve guide insert 10 is biased outwardly against theinner diameter 72 of the valve guide bore 12 thereby creating an at least partial compression and/or friction fit between thevalve guide insert 10 and the valve guide bore 12. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 1-6 , theinterior surface 80 of thetube 22 can includeoil retaining grooves 82 having a generally spiral pattern. The spiral pattern is typically disposed on theinterior surface 80 of thevalve guide insert 10 and is created on theinterior surface 80 of thevalve guide insert 10 during the process for rolling the material into the generally cylindrical shape that characterizes thevalve guide insert 10. As will be discussed below, other marking or etching patterns can be installed in or on the interior ofouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10 as the metallic material is rolled into the cylindrical shape. Once thevalve guide insert 10 is disposed within the valve guide bore 12, a broaching tool (not shown) is used to shape theinterior surface 80 of thevalve guide insert 10 within the valve guide bore 12 to create the desired interior diameter necessary for the reciprocal movement of thevalves 16. The broaching apparatus and method for broaching thevalve guide insert 10 is generally disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,470,846 entitled BROACH TOOL AND METHOD OF REPAIR to Kammeraad et al., the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference. - In the various embodiments, the
valve guide insert 10 is generally made of a substantially malleable metallic material that can include bronze, copper, alloys thereof, or other substantially malleable metallic material that can be formed through the use of the broaching tool. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 1-6 , thevalve guide insert 10 can also include an outwardly flaredportion 90 at thesecond end 26 of thevalve guide insert 10, where a thirdouter diameter 92 of thevalve guide insert 10 at awide end 94 of the flaredportion 90 is greater than the secondouter diameter 74 of thevalve guide insert 10 distal to the flaredportion 90. In this manner, the flaredportion 90 of thevalve guide insert 10 in connection with the flexibility of thevalve guide insert 10 provided by theslit 34, provides an additional compression and/or frictional resistance fit when thevalve guide insert 10 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12. In this manner, thevalve guide insert 10 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12, such that the flaredportion 90 of thevalve guide insert 10 engages either a first orsecond end valve guide insert 10 is pressed into the valve guide bore 12, the valve guide bore 12 biases the flaredportion 90 in an inward direction. - According to the various embodiments, the
valve guide insert 10 is made from a metallic sheet that is rolled into a cylindrical form. In this manner, thevalve guide insert 10 is configured to substantially retain and tends to retain its originally rolled cylindrical shape. Accordingly, as the flaredportion 90 of thevalve guide insert 10 is compressed inward by one of the ends of the valve guide bore 12, the valve guide insert 10 biases against the valve guide bore 12 at least at the flaredportion 90 to create a compression and/or frictional fit such that thevalve guide insert 10 substantially remains within the valve guide bore 12. In this way, additional valve guide inserts 10 can be inserted into the remaining valve guide bores 12 of the combustion engine and the broaching tool can be used on the various valve guide inserts 10, while the valve guide inserts 10 substantially retain their position within each of their respective valve guide bores 12. This compression or frictional fit can make the entire process of inserting the valve guide inserts 10 and using the broaching tool a more efficient process where all of the valve guide inserts 10 can be positioned in onestep 36 and all of the valve guide inserts 10 can be broached in a singlesubsequent step 36. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , the flaredportion 90 can extend approximately 0.125″ from the end of thevalve guide insert 10. Also, the thirdouter diameter 92 of thevalve guide insert 10 at thewide end 94 of the flaredportion 90 can be within the range of about 0.032″ greater than the secondouter diameter 74 of thevalve guide insert 10 distal to the flaredportion 90. In various alternate embodiments, the length of the flaredportion 90 and the thirdouter diameter 92 at thewide end 94 of the flaredportion 90 can be increased or decreased depending upon the particular application or design needs involved. - Referring now to
FIGS. 6-10 of the illustrated embodiment, theslit 34 of thevalve guide insert 10 can include a tabbedportion 100 at thesecond end 26 of thevalve guide insert 10, wherein the width of theslit 34 is narrower at the tabbedportion 100. It is contemplated that the tabbedportion 100 can extend from thesecond end 26 approximately 0.125 inches. It is further contemplated that the tabbedportion 100 can extend into theslit 34 approximately 0.005 inches on each side of theslit 34. It should be understood that different dimensions are also contemplated. - Referring now to
FIGS. 11-15 , in an alternate embodiment, theslit 34 of thevalve guide insert 10 can include a taperedportion 110 located at thesecond end 26 of thevalve guide insert 10. Theslit 34 at the taperedportion 110 generally narrows from afirst width 112 to asecond width 114, wherein thefirst width 112 is the same width as the portions of theslit 34 distal from the taperedportion 110, and wherein thesecond width 114 is narrower than thefirst width 112. - Referring again to the embodiments illustrated in
FIGS. 6-15 , the embodiments of thevalve guide insert 10 that contain either the tabbedportion 100 or taperedportion 110 of theslit 34 can serve to hold thevalve guide insert 10 within the valve guide bore 12 during the broaching process. The tabbedportions 100 or taperedportions 110 are configured such that when thevalve guide insert 10 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12, theslit 34 is substantially closed at the first and second ends 24, 26. However, the configuration of theslit 34 with the narrower width at the tabbedportion 100 or taperedportions 110 and the larger width of theslit 34 along the remaining length of the valve guide insert 10 forms thevalve guide insert 10 into a generally tapered shape when thevalve guide insert 10 is placed within the valve guide bore 12. In this manner, thevalve guide insert 10 is compressed to a smaller diameter at thefirst end 24 than at thesecond end 26. This tapered configuration creates a generally snug fit between thevalve guide insert 10 and the valve guide bore 12 such that thevalve guide insert 10 is positioned within the valve guide bore 12 by creating a sufficient friction and/or compression fit such that thevalve guide insert 10 remains substantially in place during the broaching process. Also, the additional surface area of thevalve guide insert 10 located at thesecond end 26 in these embodiments provides additional surface area that can substantially secure thevalve guide insert 10 within the valve guide bore 12. In this embodiment, thevalve guide insert 10 can be formed into a generally cylindrical shape, or a tapered geometry, without losing the structural benefits of having a generally taperedvalve guide insert 10 for retention within the valve guide bore 12. - In alternate embodiments, the configurations of the
valve guide insert 10 having the tabbedportions 100 or taperedportions 110 of theslit 34 can also include the flaredportion 90, as discussed above. When the flaredportion 90 of thevalve guide insert 10 is formed in conjunction with thevalve guide insert 10 having either the taperedportion 110 or the tabbedportion 100, the flaredportion 90 can be formed with minimal loss of material as a result of expanding the diameter of thevalve guide insert 10 to form the flaredportion 90. Typically, when the flaredportion 90 of thevalve guide insert 10 is created and theslit 34 has a substantially consistent width, as the flaredportion 90 is formed, the thickness of the material at the flaredportion 90 can become thinner than the cross-sectional thickness of the remaining portions of thevalve guide insert 10. The inclusion of the tabbedportion 100 or the taperedportion 110 tends to minimize the thinning of thevalve guide insert 10 at the flaredportion 90 such that the material of the flaredportion 90 can have a substantially consistent thickness. - Referring now to
FIGS. 16-20 of the illustrated embodiments, thevalve guide insert 10 can also include an interference portion, where the interference portion can include an anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 that is disposed on at least a portion of anouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10. The anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 is in the form of a liquid when applied. When sealed between metals, such that the anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 is isolated from oxygen and also in the presence of metal ions, such as copper or iron, the anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 cures. By way of explanation and not limitation, when avalve guide insert 10 that has an applied layer of the anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12 defined by the metallic block of thecylinder head 14, the anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 rapidly cures or hardens to form a cross-linked plastic with rugged adhesion to many metals. When cured, the anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 has high shear strength. In addition, as the anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 cures, the anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 substantially fills the microscopic gaps between interfacing metallic materials to positively lock and seal the metallic materials, preventing lateral movement and substantially protecting the joint from corrosion that can result from moisture, gasses and fluids. The anaerobicadhesive retaining compound 120 used in such an embodiment is similar to the anaerobicadhesive retaining compounds 120 manufactured by LOCTITE®. In the various embodiments, the retainingcompound 120 can be applied to thevalve guide insert 10 before thevalve guide insert 10 is rolled into the cylindrical shape, after the cylindrical shape is formed or during the rolling process. In addition,FIGS. 16 and 19 show non-limiting examples of areas of theouter surface 122 on which the retainingcompound 120 can be applied. In other alternate embodiments, the retainingcompound 120 can be located on the entireouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10 or a different portion of thevalve guide insert 10. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 16-20 , when thevalve guide insert 10 having the retainingcompound 120 is inserted into the valve guide bore 12, the retainingcompound 120 serves to increase the frictional fit between thevalve guide insert 10 and the valve guide bore 12. In this manner, when inserted into the valve guide bore 12, thevalve guide insert 10 substantially retains its position within the valve guide bore 12 before the broaching process, while other valve guide inserts 10 are being broached and during the broaching of the particularvalve guide insert 10. It is contemplated that the retainingcompound 120 can be disposed on any one or more of the embodiments of thevalve guide insert 10 described herein. - As with previous embodiments discussed herein, the increased frictional fit between the
valve guide insert 10 and the valve guide bore 12 allows the user to insert valve guide inserts 10 within all of the valve guide bores 12 to be refurbished as a first step. The broaching tool can then be used in a second step to broach each of the valve guide inserts 10 within the respective valve guide bores 12 without substantial interruption to secure the valve guide inserts 10. Such a two-step process can generally be more efficient and cost effective than repeatedly inserting a singlevalve guide insert 10 and then broaching that singlevalve guide insert 10 within the valve guide bore 12 before inserting and broaching the nextvalve guide insert 10. - In alternate embodiments, other materials can be applied to the other surface of the
valve guide insert 10 to increase the frictional coefficient of a portion of theouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10. These alternate materials can include, but are not limited to, various adhesives, various particulate matter, or other such materials that can increase the frictional coefficient of at least a portion of theouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10. - Referring now to
FIGS. 21-25 of the illustrated embodiments, the interference portion of thevalve guide insert 10 can also include atextured portion 130 of theouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10. Thetextured portion 130 can include a raised or rough surface, etching patterns, or other surface condition integrally defined within theouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10. While the figures show a defined area on theouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10 for including the texturedportion 130, various embodiments can include thetextured portion 130 upon the entireouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10 or thetextured portion 130 being applied to an alternatively dimensioned portion of theouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10. By way of explanation, and not limitation, thetextured portion 130 can be configured to have a profile roughness parameter (Ra) of greater than about 32 Ra. It is contemplated that other roughness parameters can be used. Thetextured portion 130 used in the various embodiments can include an irregularly textured surface, a texture having a regular pattern, or other similarly configured surface condition. In various embodiments, thetextured portion 130 can be applied to theouter surface 122 of thevalve guide insert 10 during the process of rolling the metallic material into the cylindrical shape that defines thevalve guide insert 10. Such an applied material can include an applied grit material, granules, or other applied material. In alternate embodiments, thetextured portion 130 can also be applied either before or after this rolling process. In the various embodiments, it is contemplated that any one or more of the embodiments of thevalve guide insert 10 described herein can include thetextured portion 130 along at least a portion of thevalve guide insert 10. - It will be understood by one having ordinary skill in the art that construction of the described invention and other components is not limited to any specific material. Other exemplary embodiments of the invention disclosed herein may be formed from a wide variety of materials, unless described otherwise herein.
- It is also important to note that the construction and arrangement of the elements of the invention as shown in the exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments of the present innovations have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements shown in multiple parts may be integrally formed, the operation of the interfaces may be reversed or otherwise varied, the length or width of the structures and/or members or connector or other elements of the system may be varied, the nature or number of adjustment positions provided between the elements may be varied. It should be noted that the elements and/or assemblies of the system may be constructed from any of the wide variety of materials that provide sufficient strength or durability, in any of the wide variety of colors, textures, and combinations. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present innovations. Other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the desired and other exemplary embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present innovations.
- It will be understood that any described processes or steps within described processes may be combined with other disclosed processes or steps to form structures within the scope of the present invention. The exemplary structures and processes disclosed herein are for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting.
- It is to be understood that variations and modifications can be made on the aforementioned structure and methods without departing from the concepts of the present invention, and further it is to be understood that such concepts are intended to be covered by the following claims unless these claims by their language expressly state otherwise.
Claims (20)
1. A valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine having a valve with a valve stem, the valve guide bore being configured to support the valve stem for reciprocal motion, the valve guide insert comprising:
a one-piece, cylindrically-shaped metallic tube made from reformable bearing material having first and second ends and an intermediate portion extending between the first and second ends;
a longitudinal slit disposed along the length of the valve guide insert;
an inwardly tapered portion disposed at the first end, wherein a first outer diameter of the inwardly tapered portion is less than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore, and wherein a second diameter of the intermediate section is greater than an inner diameter of a valve guide bore; and
an interference portion disposed proximate the second end, wherein the interference portion is configured to substantially secure the valve guide insert within a valve guide bore.
2. The valve guide insert of claim 1 , wherein the interference portion includes a narrowed portion of the longitudinal slit, and wherein the width of the slit at the narrowed portion is less than the width of the slit distal to the narrowed portion, and wherein the longitudinal slit includes a stepped portion.
3. The valve guide insert of claim 2 , wherein the narrowed portion has a substantially consistent width across the longitudinal slit.
4. The valve guide insert of claim 2 , wherein the width of the narrowed portion decreases from a first width proximate the intermediate portion to a second width distal from the intermediate portion.
5. The valve guide insert of claim 1 , wherein the interference portion includes an outwardly flared portion.
6. The valve guide insert of claim 5 , wherein the outwardly flared portion has a consistent thickness.
7. The valve guide insert of claim 1 , wherein the inwardly tapered portion has a consistent thickness.
8. The valve guide insert of claim 1 , wherein an inner surface of the valve guide insert includes a substantially spiral groove defined therein.
9. A valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine having a valve with a valve stem, and the valve guide bore being configured to support the valve stem for reciprocal motion, the valve guide insert comprising:
a one-piece, cylindrically-shaped metallic tube made from reformable bearing material having first and second ends and an intermediate portion extending between the first and second ends;
an inwardly tapered portion disposed at the first end, wherein a first outer diameter of the inwardly tapered portion is less than an inner diameter of the valve guide bore, and wherein a second outer diameter of the intermediate portion is greater than an inner diameter of the valve guide bore;
a longitudinal slit disposed along the length of the valve guide insert, wherein the longitudinal slit includes a stepped portion; and
an interference portion disposed on at least a portion of an outer surface of the valve guide insert.
10. The valve guide insert of claim 9 , wherein the interference portion includes an integral surface condition having a roughness parameter of greater than about 32 Ra.
11. The valve guide insert of claim 10 , wherein the interference portion includes an applied grit material.
12. The valve guide insert of claim 9 , wherein the interference portion includes an adhesive compound.
13. The valve guide insert of claim 12 , wherein the adhesive compound is an anaerobic adhesive retaining compound.
14. The valve guide insert of claim 1 , wherein the interference portion includes a narrowed portion of the longitudinal slit, and wherein the width of the slit at the narrowed portion is less than the width of the slit distal to the narrowed portion.
15. The valve guide insert of claim 14 , wherein the narrowed portion has a substantially consistent width across the longitudinal slit.
16. The valve guide insert of claim 14 , wherein the width of the narrowed portion decreases from a first width proximate the intermediate portion to a second width distal from the intermediate portion.
17. The valve guide insert of claim 9 , wherein the valve guide insert includes an outwardly flared portion proximate the second end.
18. The valve guide insert of claim 9 , wherein an inner surface of the valve guide insert includes a substantially spiral groove defined therein.
19. A valve guide insert for lining and relining a valve guide bore in an internal combustion engine having a valve with a valve stem, and the valve guide bore being configured to support the valve stem for reciprocal motion, the valve guide insert comprising:
a formed cylindrical tube having a substantially consistent wall thickness, first and second ends, first and second edges that extend between the first and second ends and an intermediate portion defined within the first and second ends and the first and second edges, wherein the cylindrical tube is shaped such that the first and second edges define a longitudinal slit along a length of the cylindrical tube; and
an outwardly flared portion of the cylindrical tube is disposed proximate one of the first and second ends.
20. The valve guide insert of claim 19 , further comprising:
an interference portion disposed proximate the intermediate portion, wherein the interference portion includes at least one of an integral surface condition and an applied adhesive compound.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/278,618 US20140360453A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2014-05-15 | Valve guide insert with frictional pre-broach retention feature |
CA2853080A CA2853080A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2014-05-30 | Valve guide insert with frictional pre-broach retention feature |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201361831794P | 2013-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | |
US14/278,618 US20140360453A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2014-05-15 | Valve guide insert with frictional pre-broach retention feature |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20140360453A1 true US20140360453A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
Family
ID=52004360
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US14/278,618 Abandoned US20140360453A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2014-05-15 | Valve guide insert with frictional pre-broach retention feature |
Country Status (2)
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US (1) | US20140360453A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2853080A1 (en) |
Citations (12)
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US3809046A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1974-05-07 | K Line Ind Inc | Valve guide stabilizing and sealing insert |
US3828756A (en) * | 1969-08-06 | 1974-08-13 | J Kammeraad | Method and apparatus for rebuilding valve guides |
US3828415A (en) * | 1969-08-06 | 1974-08-13 | Line Tool Co K | Method and apparatus for rebuilding valve guides |
US4103662A (en) * | 1976-09-02 | 1978-08-01 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Insert for rebuilding valve guides |
US4185368A (en) * | 1976-09-02 | 1980-01-29 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Method for making valve guide inserts |
US4768479A (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1988-09-06 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Oil-sealing valve guide insert and method of manufacture |
US5014779A (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1991-05-14 | Meling Konstantin V | Device for expanding pipes |
US5249555A (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 1993-10-05 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Valve guide insert |
US5765520A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1998-06-16 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Cylinder head for engine |
US6481407B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2002-11-19 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Thin-walled valve guide insert and method for installing same within a cylinder head construction |
US20060213487A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Vaughn Kevin Mills | System and method for controlling fuel vapor emmission in a small engine |
US7980209B2 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2011-07-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Electromagnetic valve actuator and valve guide having reduced temperature sensitivity |
-
2014
- 2014-05-15 US US14/278,618 patent/US20140360453A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-05-30 CA CA2853080A patent/CA2853080A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3828756A (en) * | 1969-08-06 | 1974-08-13 | J Kammeraad | Method and apparatus for rebuilding valve guides |
US3828415A (en) * | 1969-08-06 | 1974-08-13 | Line Tool Co K | Method and apparatus for rebuilding valve guides |
US3809046A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1974-05-07 | K Line Ind Inc | Valve guide stabilizing and sealing insert |
US4103662A (en) * | 1976-09-02 | 1978-08-01 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Insert for rebuilding valve guides |
US4185368A (en) * | 1976-09-02 | 1980-01-29 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Method for making valve guide inserts |
US4768479A (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1988-09-06 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Oil-sealing valve guide insert and method of manufacture |
US5014779A (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1991-05-14 | Meling Konstantin V | Device for expanding pipes |
US5249555A (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 1993-10-05 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Valve guide insert |
US5493776A (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 1996-02-27 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Method of installing valve guide insert |
US5765520A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1998-06-16 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Cylinder head for engine |
US6481407B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2002-11-19 | K-Line Industries, Inc. | Thin-walled valve guide insert and method for installing same within a cylinder head construction |
US20060213487A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Vaughn Kevin Mills | System and method for controlling fuel vapor emmission in a small engine |
US7980209B2 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2011-07-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Electromagnetic valve actuator and valve guide having reduced temperature sensitivity |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2853080A1 (en) | 2014-12-06 |
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