US20150197896A1 - Road structure and method for the production thereof - Google Patents
Road structure and method for the production thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20150197896A1 US20150197896A1 US14/414,395 US201314414395A US2015197896A1 US 20150197896 A1 US20150197896 A1 US 20150197896A1 US 201314414395 A US201314414395 A US 201314414395A US 2015197896 A1 US2015197896 A1 US 2015197896A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- highly porous
- supporting layer
- porous asphalt
- adhesive
- adhesive promoter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000000581 Triticum monococcum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006271 aliphatic hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 propylene, butylene, butadiene Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/32—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ
- E01C7/325—Joining different layers, e.g. by adhesive layers; Intermediate layers, e.g. for the escape of water vapour, for spreading stresses
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
- E01C7/185—Isolating, separating or connecting intermediate layers, e.g. adhesive layers; Transmission of shearing force in horizontal intermediate planes, e.g. by protrusions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
- E01C7/26—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders mixed with other materials, e.g. cement, rubber, leather, fibre
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/35—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/35—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them
- E01C7/353—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them with exclusively bituminous binders; Aggregate, fillers or other additives for application on or in the surface of toppings with exclusively bituminous binders, e.g. for roughening or clearing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
- E01C9/001—Paving elements formed in situ; Permanent shutterings therefor ; Inlays or reinforcements which divide the cast material in a great number of individual units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/08—Damp-proof or other insulating layers; Drainage arrangements or devices ; Bridge deck surfacings
- E01D19/083—Waterproofing of bridge decks; Other insulations for bridges, e.g. thermal ; Bridge deck surfacings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
- E01D19/125—Grating or flooring for bridges
Definitions
- the invention relates to the area of the sealing of roads on a supporting structure.
- the present invention therefore has the problem of making a road structure available that can be readily and economically constructed and results in a good adhesive composite between the poured, highly porous asphalt supporting layer and the bituminous top layer, in particular at locations where the reaction resin mix forms rather large, cohesive areas on the upper side of the asphalt supporting layer.
- the present invention relates in a first aspect to a method of producing a road structure 1 comprising the steps
- a highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 is applied on a supporting structure 2 , in particular a concrete structure.
- Such a supporting structure 2 is preferably a structure of above-ground or underground building construction. In particular, it can be a bridge, gallery, tunnel, an entry or exit ramp or a parking level.
- a bridge is considered a preferred example of such a supporting structure.
- This supporting structure necessary for the road is a structure of a material that can have a supporting function. In particular, this material is a metal or a concrete, in particular a reinforced concrete, preferably a steel concrete.
- a bridge of concrete is considered as the most preferred example of such a supporting structure.
- the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 preferably consists of an Einkorn asphalt with a high pore volume, wherein, for example, asphalts of the classes 0/16, 0/11 or 0/5 can be used.
- the highly porous asphalt supporting layer preferably has an adhesive promoter content of 4.5-7.5 wt %.
- the highly porous asphalt supporting layer preferably has spherical or polyhedral pores limited by webs and forming a cohesive system.
- the term pores denotes in the present document hollow spaces that are conditioned by the production in and/or on the surface of a compound and that are filled with air or other substances foreign to compounding.
- the pores can be recognized or not by the naked eye. They are preferably open pores that communicate with the surrounding medium.
- the highly porous asphalt supporting layer has a pore size of 0.1-5 mm, in particular 0.2-1 mm and/or a pore volume of 5-90%, in particular 10-80%, preferably 20-40%.
- the term pore volume denotes in the present document the amount in percentage of the totality of the hollow spaces filled with air or other substances foreign to composition in the volume of the foamed composition.
- the thickness of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer is preferably 1-5 cm. It can furthermore be advantageous if the pore content of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer, measured in a Marshall body at 120° C., is between 15 and 30% by volume.
- a reaction resin mix 4 is applied on the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 from step (i).
- the application of the reaction resin mix preferably takes place while the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 has a temperature of 30° C.-60° C., in particular 30° C.-40° C.
- the reaction resin mix preferably penetrates during the application into the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 and results by the subsequent hardening of the reaction resin mix in a seal, in particular against water, of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 and in an adhesive composite of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 with the supporting structure 2 .
- the reaction resin mix has a flowable consistency at room temperature and is typically applied by being brushed on, sprayed on or poured onto the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 .
- flowable denotes not only liquid but also highly viscous, honey-like to pasty materials whose shape is adapted under the influence of the gravitational force of the earth.
- epoxide resin compounds are in particular two-component epoxide resin compounds, especially those whose one (i.e., first) component contains an epoxide resin, in particular an epoxide resin based on bisphenol-A-diglycidylether and the other (second) component contains a curing agent, especially a polyamine or a polymercaptan.
- Epoxide resin compounds are especially preferred that do not contain any fillers.
- the epoxide resin resin compounds are advantageously low-viscosity, in particular with a viscosity of below 10,000 mPas, preferably between 10 and 1,000 mPas so that they can penetrate into the highly porous asphalt supporting layer and if necessary into the supporting structure 2 .
- two-component epoxide resin resin compounds are especially preferable as two-component epoxide resin resin compounds that are like those marketed under the trade series names Sikafloor®, Sikagard® or Sika Ergodur® of Sika Deutschland GmbH, or Sika Sau AG.
- Flexiblized two-component epoxide resin resin compounds are especially preferred as two-component epoxide resin resin compounds. This is advantageous so that the reaction resin mix can carry out its sealing and compounding function even under high mechanical loads.
- step (iii) an adhesive promoter 5 is applied on the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 in step (i).
- the application preferably takes place by scattering the adhesive promoter in the form of pellets.
- the application of the adhesive promoter preferably takes place in such a manner that 0.5-1.5 kg/m 3 , in particular 0.8-1.2 kg/m 3 adhesive promoter are applied on the surface of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer.
- the adhesive promoter is a thermoplastic that is solid at room temperature.
- room temperature denotes a temperature of 23° C.
- the adhesive promoter preferably has a melting point of above 70° C., in particular between 100° C. and 180° C., preferably between 110° C. and 140° C. All melting points of polymers are measured in this document as softening points according to the ring-and-ball method according to DIN ISO 4625.
- the adhesive promoter comprises in particular polyolefins, especially polyolefins that can be produced from the polymerization of ethylene with one or more unsaturated monomers.
- unsaturated monomers are in particular those monomers that are selected from the group consisting of propylene, butylene, butadiene, vinyl ester, especially vinyl acetate, maleic acid anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid ester and methacrylic acid ester.
- polyolefins produced from the polymerization of ethylene with one or more unsaturated monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl ester, especially vinyl acetate, maleic acid anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid ester and methacrylic acid ester.
- vinyl ester especially vinyl acetate, maleic acid anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid ester and methacrylic acid ester.
- They are preferably polyolefins that have a melting point above 60° C., in particular between 70° C. and 130° C.
- the amount of polyolefins is preferably 15-60 wt %, especially 20-40 wt % relative to the total weight of the adhesive promoter.
- the adhesive promoter comprises a chemical expanding agent and/or a physical expanding agent.
- Chemical expanding agents are preferably organic or inorganic compounds that decompose under the influence of temperature, wherein at least one of the decomposition products is a gas.
- compounds can be used as physical expanding agents that change into the gaseous aggregate state upon the elevation of the temperature.
- the adhesive promoter preferably comprises a chemical expanding agent.
- the adhesive promoter comprises an epoxide solid resin.
- the amount of the epoxide solid resin is preferably 1-10 wt %, preferably 2-5 wt % relative to the total weight of the adhesive promoter.
- the adhesive promoter comprises at least one resin that can be a natural resin or a synthetic resin.
- resins are average- to higher-molecular compounds from the classes of paraffin resins, hydrocarbon resins, polyolefins, polyesters, polyethers, polyacrylates or amino resins.
- the resin preferably has a melting point or softening point between 60° C. and 140° C.
- the resin is a hydrocarbon resin, in particular an aliphatic hydrocarbon resin.
- the resins are preferably resins with an average molecular weight of 1000-3000 g/mol.
- the amount of the resins is preferably 2-15 wt %, in particular 5-12 wt % relative to the total weight of the adhesive promoter.
- Especially preferred adhesive promoters are adhesive promoters like those marketed under the commercial series names Sikalastic®-827 LT and Sikalastic®-827 HT of Sika für AG.
- An application of an inorganic interspersing agent 7 on the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 of step (i) preferably takes place in a further step (v).
- This step is preferably carried out following the step (ii).
- This step is preferably carried out before the step (iii) or before the step (iv), in particular before the step (iii).
- the inorganic interspersing agent 7 is especially sand, preferably quartz sand. In order to ensure a good composite between the interspersing agent and the reaction resin mix, it is advantageous if this interspersing agent is interspersed before the hardening of the reaction resin mix.
- this inorganic interspersing agent has a maximum grain size less than 1 mm, in particular between 0.1 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.8 mm.
- the amount of such interspersing agent is preferably dimensioned so that the surface of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer is not covered over the entire surface.
- the method has no step (v) with an application of an inorganic interspersing agent 7 on the highly porous asphalt supporting layer 3 from step (i).
- This is advantageous, among other things, since an increase of the adhesive compound, in particular of the breaking load and of the adhesive tensile strength results between the highly porous asphalt supporting layer poured with a reaction resin mix and a bitumen-based top layer.
- bitumen-based top layer 6 is applied.
- This top layer 6 constitutes the road, that is in direct contact with vehicles.
- the bitumen-based top layer is heated before the application to a temperature of typically 140° C. to 160° C. and preferably rolled on with a roller.
- the application of the top cover is well known to a person skilled in the art and is therefore not discussed further here.
- the top layer can comprise other possible constituents known to a person skilled in the art. A person skilled in the art well knows the type and amount of the constituents that are used for the construction of roads. The fact is especially important here that the top layer comprises mineral fillers, in particular sand or fine gravel, to a significant extent.
- the adhesive promoter 5 Upon the contacting of the molten bitumen with the adhesive promoter the adhesive promoter 5 partially melts or fuses as a function of its melting point. If it fuses, this can form a largely homogeneous layer of adhesive promoter—depending on the type of thermoplastic—or also dissolve in the bitumen in the vicinity of the surface and form a boundary phase layer containing adhesive promoter. Therefore, it is absolutely in the nature of the present invention that the adhesive promoter does not have to form an individual layer. If the adhesive promoter contains an expanding agent, the contacting of the fused bitumen preferably results in an activation of the expanding agent.
- the road structure produced in this manner has the significant advantage that a good adhesive composite is ensured, in particular as regards the breaking load and the tensile strength between the highly porous asphalt supporting layer poured with a reaction resin mix and the bitumen-based top layer.
- the invention relates to a road structure produced according to the previously described method.
- the invention relates to the use of an adhesive promoter such as was previously described for increasing the adhesive composite, in particular the breaking load and the adhesive tensile strength between a highly porous asphalt supporting layer on a supporting structure and poured with a reaction resin mix and a bitumen-based top layer.
- an adhesive promoter such as was previously described for increasing the adhesive composite, in particular the breaking load and the adhesive tensile strength between a highly porous asphalt supporting layer on a supporting structure and poured with a reaction resin mix and a bitumen-based top layer.
- the components required for this, in particular the adhesive promoter, supporting structure, reaction resin mix, asphalt supporting layer and bitumen-based top layer were already described in detail above.
- FIG. 1 shows a possible result of the steps (i) and (ii).
- the applied reaction resin mix 4 is present for the most part in the pore spaces of the asphalt supporting layer 3 .
- a cohesive area of reaction resin mix is visible on the surface of the asphalt supporting layer and can result in an optically smooth area on the asphalt supporting layer after the hardening of the reaction resin mix.
- FIG. 2 shows a possible result of the steps (i) and (ii) as previously described in FIG. 1 , wherein the step (v) was additionally carried out.
- FIG. 3 shows a possible result of the steps (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).
- the applied adhesive promoter 5 results in an improved adhesive composite of the asphalt supporting layer 3 with the top layer 6 .
- FIG. 4 shows a possible result of the steps in the sequence (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).
- the applied adhesive promoter 5 results in an improved adhesive composite of the asphalt supporting layer 3 with the top layer 6 .
- Reaction resin mix (RH): STATIFLEX®-EP (Strabag).
- Adhesive promoter Sikalastic®-827 LT (in the form of pellets with a size of approximately 2 mm)
- a highly porous asphalt supporting layer STATIFLEX® (Strabag) (pore space content 25-30% by volume) with a thickness of approximately 2 cm was applied on concrete plates with a surface of 4400 cm 2 , after which the still warm asphalt supporting layer (30-40° C.) was filled with the previously cited reaction resin mix (RH).
- Quartz sand 2/5 mm was subsequently applied on the concrete plates of ex. 1.36 hours later a bitumen-based top layer was applied on the surface of the asphalt supporting layer containing the quartz sand.
- Quartz sand 2/5 mm was subsequently applied on the concrete plates of ex. 3. Subsequently, approximately 1 kg/m3 of the previously cited adhesive promoter (HM) was uniformly applied. 36 hours later a bitumen-based top layer was applied on the surface of the asphalt supporting layer containing the quartz sand and the adhesive promoter.
- HM adhesive promoter
- Drill cores d 100 mm were taken and adhesive pull tests carried out.
- the measured values listed in table 1 correspond to the average value of 3 measured values.
Abstract
A method for producing a road structure, has the following steps: (i) applying a highly porous asphalt base layer onto a supporting structure, particularly applying a highly porous asphalt base layer onto a concrete structure; (ii) applying a reaction resin mix onto the highly porous asphalt base layer from step (i); (iii) applying a bonding agent onto the highly porous asphalt base layer from step (i), wherein the bonding agent is a thermoplastic which is solid at room temperature; (iv) applying a bitumen-based top layer.
Description
- The invention relates to the area of the sealing of roads on a supporting structure.
- Roads that are applied on a supporting structure, in particular on a concrete supporting structure, are frequently found, especially as bridges. Such concrete supporting structures can be sealed by highly porous asphalt supporting layers that are poured with reaction resin mixes. A bitumen-based top layer is customarily applied in street construction. However, the problem arises here that a good adhesive composite must be present between the top layer and material of the supporting structure, in particular the concrete, which naturally also comprises the adhering of all intermediate layers. In particular, the adhering between the highly porous asphalt supporting layer, poured with reaction resin mix, and the bituminous top layer poses a problem that is difficult to solve on account of the participating materials. If areas form during the application of the reaction resin mix on the highly porous asphalt supporting layer where the reaction resin mix forms rather large, cohesive areas on the upper side of the asphalt supporting layer, typically optically smooth areas from the reaction resin mixture, this is disadvantageous for a good adhesive composite. These areas result in a defective adhesive composite between the poured, highly porous asphalt supporting layer and the bituminous top layer.
- The present invention therefore has the problem of making a road structure available that can be readily and economically constructed and results in a good adhesive composite between the poured, highly porous asphalt supporting layer and the bituminous top layer, in particular at locations where the reaction resin mix forms rather large, cohesive areas on the upper side of the asphalt supporting layer.
- It surprisingly turned out that this problem can be solved with the method according to
claim 1, a road structure according to claim 11 and a use of an adhesive promoter according to claim 12. Furthermore, this method allows the road to be sealed on a supporting structure in particular on a concrete supporting structure in a rapid and cost-efficient manner. - Other aspects of the invention form subject matter of other independent claims. Especially preferred embodiments of the invention are subject matter of the dependent claims.
- The present invention relates in a first aspect to a method of producing a
road structure 1 comprising the steps -
- (i) Application of a highly porous
asphalt supporting layer 3 on a supportingstructure 2, in particular the application of a highly porousasphalt supporting layer 3 on aconcrete structure 2; - (ii) Application of a
reaction resin mix 4 on the highly porousasphalt supporting layer 3 of step (i); - (iii) Application of an
adhesive promoter 5 on the highly porousasphalt supporting layer 3 of step (i), wherein the adhesive promoter is a thermoplastic that is solid at room temperature; - (iv) Application of a bitumen-based top layer 6.
- (i) Application of a highly porous
- In a first step (i) a highly porous
asphalt supporting layer 3 is applied on a supportingstructure 2, in particular a concrete structure. - Such a supporting
structure 2 is preferably a structure of above-ground or underground building construction. In particular, it can be a bridge, gallery, tunnel, an entry or exit ramp or a parking level. A bridge is considered a preferred example of such a supporting structure. This supporting structure necessary for the road is a structure of a material that can have a supporting function. In particular, this material is a metal or a concrete, in particular a reinforced concrete, preferably a steel concrete. A bridge of concrete is considered as the most preferred example of such a supporting structure. - The highly porous
asphalt supporting layer 3 preferably consists of an Einkorn asphalt with a high pore volume, wherein, for example, asphalts of the classes 0/16, 0/11 or 0/5 can be used. - The highly porous asphalt supporting layer preferably has an adhesive promoter content of 4.5-7.5 wt %.
- The highly porous asphalt supporting layer preferably has spherical or polyhedral pores limited by webs and forming a cohesive system. The term pores denotes in the present document hollow spaces that are conditioned by the production in and/or on the surface of a compound and that are filled with air or other substances foreign to compounding. The pores can be recognized or not by the naked eye. They are preferably open pores that communicate with the surrounding medium.
- It is furthermore advantageous that the highly porous asphalt supporting layer has a pore size of 0.1-5 mm, in particular 0.2-1 mm and/or a pore volume of 5-90%, in particular 10-80%, preferably 20-40%. The term pore volume denotes in the present document the amount in percentage of the totality of the hollow spaces filled with air or other substances foreign to composition in the volume of the foamed composition. The thickness of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer is preferably 1-5 cm. It can furthermore be advantageous if the pore content of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer, measured in a Marshall body at 120° C., is between 15 and 30% by volume.
- In another step (ii) a
reaction resin mix 4 is applied on the highly porousasphalt supporting layer 3 from step (i). The application of the reaction resin mix preferably takes place while the highly porousasphalt supporting layer 3 has a temperature of 30° C.-60° C., in particular 30° C.-40° C. - The reaction resin mix preferably penetrates during the application into the highly porous
asphalt supporting layer 3 and results by the subsequent hardening of the reaction resin mix in a seal, in particular against water, of the highly porousasphalt supporting layer 3 and in an adhesive composite of the highly porousasphalt supporting layer 3 with the supportingstructure 2. - The reaction resin mix has a flowable consistency at room temperature and is typically applied by being brushed on, sprayed on or poured onto the highly porous
asphalt supporting layer 3. It is to be noted that in this connection the term “flowable” denotes not only liquid but also highly viscous, honey-like to pasty materials whose shape is adapted under the influence of the gravitational force of the earth. - They are in particular two-component epoxide resin compounds, especially those whose one (i.e., first) component contains an epoxide resin, in particular an epoxide resin based on bisphenol-A-diglycidylether and the other (second) component contains a curing agent, especially a polyamine or a polymercaptan. Epoxide resin compounds are especially preferred that do not contain any fillers. Furthermore, the epoxide resin resin compounds are advantageously low-viscosity, in particular with a viscosity of below 10,000 mPas, preferably between 10 and 1,000 mPas so that they can penetrate into the highly porous asphalt supporting layer and if necessary into the supporting
structure 2. Low-viscosity, two-component epoxide resin resin compounds are especially preferable as two-component epoxide resin resin compounds that are like those marketed under the trade series names Sikafloor®, Sikagard® or Sika Ergodur® of Sika Deutschland GmbH, or Sika Schweiz AG. - Flexiblized two-component epoxide resin resin compounds are especially preferred as two-component epoxide resin resin compounds. This is advantageous so that the reaction resin mix can carry out its sealing and compounding function even under high mechanical loads.
- In another step (iii) an
adhesive promoter 5 is applied on the highly porousasphalt supporting layer 3 in step (i). - The application preferably takes place by scattering the adhesive promoter in the form of pellets.
- The application of the adhesive promoter preferably takes place in such a manner that 0.5-1.5 kg/m3, in particular 0.8-1.2 kg/m3 adhesive promoter are applied on the surface of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer.
- The adhesive promoter is a thermoplastic that is solid at room temperature. The concept “room temperature” denotes a temperature of 23° C. The adhesive promoter preferably has a melting point of above 70° C., in particular between 100° C. and 180° C., preferably between 110° C. and 140° C. All melting points of polymers are measured in this document as softening points according to the ring-and-ball method according to DIN ISO 4625.
- The adhesive promoter comprises in particular polyolefins, especially polyolefins that can be produced from the polymerization of ethylene with one or more unsaturated monomers. Such unsaturated monomers are in particular those monomers that are selected from the group consisting of propylene, butylene, butadiene, vinyl ester, especially vinyl acetate, maleic acid anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid ester and methacrylic acid ester.
- They are especially preferably polyolefins produced from the polymerization of ethylene with one or more unsaturated monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl ester, especially vinyl acetate, maleic acid anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid ester and methacrylic acid ester. They are preferably polyolefins that have a melting point above 60° C., in particular between 70° C. and 130° C.
- It can furthermore be advantageous to use a mixture of the previously cited polyolefins. The amount of polyolefins is preferably 15-60 wt %, especially 20-40 wt % relative to the total weight of the adhesive promoter.
- Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the adhesive promoter comprises a chemical expanding agent and/or a physical expanding agent. Chemical expanding agents are preferably organic or inorganic compounds that decompose under the influence of temperature, wherein at least one of the decomposition products is a gas. For example, compounds can be used as physical expanding agents that change into the gaseous aggregate state upon the elevation of the temperature. The adhesive promoter preferably comprises a chemical expanding agent.
- Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the adhesive promoter comprises an epoxide solid resin. The amount of the epoxide solid resin is preferably 1-10 wt %, preferably 2-5 wt % relative to the total weight of the adhesive promoter.
- Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the adhesive promoter comprises at least one resin that can be a natural resin or a synthetic resin. In particular, such resins are average- to higher-molecular compounds from the classes of paraffin resins, hydrocarbon resins, polyolefins, polyesters, polyethers, polyacrylates or amino resins. The resin preferably has a melting point or softening point between 60° C. and 140° C. In a preferred embodiment the resin is a hydrocarbon resin, in particular an aliphatic hydrocarbon resin. The resins are preferably resins with an average molecular weight of 1000-3000 g/mol. The amount of the resins is preferably 2-15 wt %, in particular 5-12 wt % relative to the total weight of the adhesive promoter.
- Especially preferred adhesive promoters are adhesive promoters like those marketed under the commercial series names Sikalastic®-827 LT and Sikalastic®-827 HT of Sika Schweiz AG.
- An application of an inorganic interspersing agent 7 on the highly porous
asphalt supporting layer 3 of step (i) preferably takes place in a further step (v). This step is preferably carried out following the step (ii). This step is preferably carried out before the step (iii) or before the step (iv), in particular before the step (iii). - The inorganic interspersing agent 7 is especially sand, preferably quartz sand. In order to ensure a good composite between the interspersing agent and the reaction resin mix, it is advantageous if this interspersing agent is interspersed before the hardening of the reaction resin mix.
- It is preferred if this inorganic interspersing agent has a maximum grain size less than 1 mm, in particular between 0.1 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.8 mm.
- However, the amount of such interspersing agent is preferably dimensioned so that the surface of the highly porous asphalt supporting layer is not covered over the entire surface.
- But, it can also be advantageous if the method has no step (v) with an application of an inorganic interspersing agent 7 on the highly porous
asphalt supporting layer 3 from step (i). This is advantageous, among other things, since an increase of the adhesive compound, in particular of the breaking load and of the adhesive tensile strength results between the highly porous asphalt supporting layer poured with a reaction resin mix and a bitumen-based top layer. - In a further step (iv) a bitumen-based top layer 6 is applied.
- This top layer 6 constitutes the road, that is in direct contact with vehicles. The bitumen-based top layer is heated before the application to a temperature of typically 140° C. to 160° C. and preferably rolled on with a roller. The application of the top cover is well known to a person skilled in the art and is therefore not discussed further here. In addition to bitumen, the top layer can comprise other possible constituents known to a person skilled in the art. A person skilled in the art well knows the type and amount of the constituents that are used for the construction of roads. The fact is especially important here that the top layer comprises mineral fillers, in particular sand or fine gravel, to a significant extent.
- Upon the contacting of the molten bitumen with the adhesive promoter the
adhesive promoter 5 partially melts or fuses as a function of its melting point. If it fuses, this can form a largely homogeneous layer of adhesive promoter—depending on the type of thermoplastic—or also dissolve in the bitumen in the vicinity of the surface and form a boundary phase layer containing adhesive promoter. Therefore, it is absolutely in the nature of the present invention that the adhesive promoter does not have to form an individual layer. If the adhesive promoter contains an expanding agent, the contacting of the fused bitumen preferably results in an activation of the expanding agent. - The road structure produced in this manner has the significant advantage that a good adhesive composite is ensured, in particular as regards the breaking load and the tensile strength between the highly porous asphalt supporting layer poured with a reaction resin mix and the bitumen-based top layer.
- In another aspect the invention relates to a road structure produced according to the previously described method.
- In another aspect the invention relates to the use of an adhesive promoter such as was previously described for increasing the adhesive composite, in particular the breaking load and the adhesive tensile strength between a highly porous asphalt supporting layer on a supporting structure and poured with a reaction resin mix and a bitumen-based top layer. The components required for this, in particular the adhesive promoter, supporting structure, reaction resin mix, asphalt supporting layer and bitumen-based top layer were already described in detail above.
-
FIG. 1 shows a possible result of the steps (i) and (ii). The appliedreaction resin mix 4 is present for the most part in the pore spaces of theasphalt supporting layer 3. A cohesive area of reaction resin mix is visible on the surface of the asphalt supporting layer and can result in an optically smooth area on the asphalt supporting layer after the hardening of the reaction resin mix. -
FIG. 2 shows a possible result of the steps (i) and (ii) as previously described inFIG. 1 , wherein the step (v) was additionally carried out. -
FIG. 3 shows a possible result of the steps (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv). The appliedadhesive promoter 5 results in an improved adhesive composite of theasphalt supporting layer 3 with the top layer 6. -
FIG. 4 shows a possible result of the steps in the sequence (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv). The appliedadhesive promoter 5 results in an improved adhesive composite of theasphalt supporting layer 3 with the top layer 6. -
- 1 road structure
- 2 supporting structure, concrete supporting structure
- 3 highly porous asphalt supporting layer
- 4 reaction resin mix
- 5 adhesive promoter
- 6 bitumen-based top layer
- 7 inorganic interspersing agent
- 8 cohesive areas of reaction resin mix on the top side of the asphalt supporting layer
- Reaction resin mix (RH): STATIFLEX®-EP (Strabag).
- Adhesive promoter (HM): Sikalastic®-827 LT (in the form of pellets with a size of approximately 2 mm)
- A highly porous asphalt supporting layer STATIFLEX® (Strabag) (pore space content 25-30% by volume) with a thickness of approximately 2 cm was applied on concrete plates with a surface of 4400 cm2, after which the still warm asphalt supporting layer (30-40° C.) was filled with the previously cited reaction resin mix (RH).
-
Quartz sand 2/5 mm was subsequently applied on the concrete plates of ex. 1.36 hours later a bitumen-based top layer was applied on the surface of the asphalt supporting layer containing the quartz sand. - Subsequently, approximately 1 kg/m3 of the previously cited adhesive promoter (HM) was uniformly applied on the concrete plates of ex. 2.36 hours later a bitumen-based top layer was applied on the surface of the asphalt supporting layer containing the adhesive promoter.
-
Quartz sand 2/5 mm was subsequently applied on the concrete plates of ex. 3. Subsequently, approximately 1 kg/m3 of the previously cited adhesive promoter (HM) was uniformly applied. 36 hours later a bitumen-based top layer was applied on the surface of the asphalt supporting layer containing the quartz sand and the adhesive promoter. - Drill cores d=100 mm were taken and adhesive pull tests carried out. The measured values listed in table 1 correspond to the average value of 3 measured values.
-
TABLE 1 measured values Breaking Adhesive pull load [KN] strength [N/mm2] Fracture image Ex. 1 0.9 0.21 Fracture between asphalt supporting layer and top layer Ex. 2 2.7 0.61 Fracture in top layer Ex. 3 2.5 0.57 Fracture in top layer
Claims (12)
1. A method for producing a road structure comprising the steps
(i) Application of a highly porous asphalt supporting layer on a supporting structure;
(ii) Application of a reaction resin mix on the highly porous asphalt supporting layer of step (i);
(iii) Application of an adhesive promoter on the highly porous asphalt supporting layer of step (i), wherein the adhesive promoter is a thermoplastic that is solid at room temperature;
(iv) Application of a bitumen-based top layer.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method also comprises a step
(v) Application of an inorganic interspersing agent on the highly porous asphalt supporting layer from step (i).
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the highly porous asphalt supporting layer has a pore volume of 5-90%.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction resin mix is a two-component of epoxide resin resin compound.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive promoter comprises polyolefins produced from the polymerization of ethylene with one or more unsaturated monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl ester, maleic acid anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid ester and methacrylic acid ester.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the polyolefins have a melting point above 60° C.
7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the amount of polyolefins is 15-60 wt %, relative to the total weight of the adhesive promoter.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive promoter comprises a chemical expanding agent.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive promoter comprises an epoxide solid resin.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive promoter comprises at least one hydrocarbon resin.
11. A road structure produced according to a method in accordance with claim 1 .
12. The method according to claim 1 further comprising, increasing the adhesive composite breaking load and the adhesive tensile strength between a highly porous asphalt supporting layer poured with a reaction resin mix and a bitumen-based top layer.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12175989.8A EP2685001A1 (en) | 2012-07-11 | 2012-07-11 | Surface for roadways and method for its preparation |
EP12175989.8 | 2012-07-11 | ||
PCT/EP2013/063047 WO2014009132A1 (en) | 2012-07-11 | 2013-06-21 | Road structure and method for the production thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20150197896A1 true US20150197896A1 (en) | 2015-07-16 |
Family
ID=48669988
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/414,395 Abandoned US20150197896A1 (en) | 2012-07-11 | 2013-06-21 | Road structure and method for the production thereof |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150197896A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2685001A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104685128A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014009132A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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US9957671B2 (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2018-05-01 | Reseach Institute Of Highway Ministry Of Transport | Latex cement mortar poured anti-rutting pavement structure and paving method thereof |
CN108705653A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-10-26 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of method of road deck making apparatus and the compound block road deck of the equipment making |
CN117408928A (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-01-16 | 安徽省交通规划设计研究总院股份有限公司 | Method for determining permeable concrete pavement structure based on image processing |
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EP3095915B1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2019-01-16 | Sika Technology AG | Application of a fabric for roadway structure having improved adhesive properties |
CN106854846A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-16 | 青海省交通科学研究院 | A kind of pavement structure and its process for constructing with automatic snow melting function |
CN110205894A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-06 | 中交一公局第三工程有限公司 | Steel bridge deck is mated formation the construction method of lower layer |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2685001A1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
CN104685128A (en) | 2015-06-03 |
EP2885459A1 (en) | 2015-06-24 |
WO2014009132A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
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