US2015464A - Separator - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 24, 1935.

E. c. SAINT-JACQUES 2,015,464.

SEPARATOR Filed July 26. 1934 Patented Sept. 24, 1935 UNITED. STATES PATENT, OFFICE Application July 26,1934, Serial No. 737,033

In France August 10, 1933 1 Claim.

In an ordinary cyclone, the gas and the material with which it is loaded and from which it is to be separated are introduced tangentially and under pressure into the apparatus; they fall 5 together following a spiral circuit to the base of the apparatus which is airtight or connected to.

an airtight receptacle in which the material, after having been centrifuged against the wall of the apparatus during the turbulent movement of the descent, is precipitated, while the gas rises with little powder to be removed through the orifice arranged in the upper part of the cyclone separator.

In apparatus of this kind, in order to obtain a suificient rotation of the mixture of gas and material, it is necessary to provide at the point of injection of the mixture 2. pressure sufiiciently high and which increases with the diameter of the cyclone. Moreover, the friction of the mixture of the gas and material upon the wall of the apparatus absorbs a considerable part of the power used for its injection. Then with certain materials this friction produces a, considerable effect of abrasion. The present invention has for its object a dis .tribution device applicable not only to cyclones but even to all air separators, to turbulence furnaces and similar devices, and which permits these disadvantages to be minimized.

For this purpose this device consists essentially in a cone placed inside the cylindrical body of the cyclone or other device, the apex of the cone comprising an opening which serves for the removal of the gaseous fluid at the upper part of the apparatus while its base is connected to the wall of the cylindrical body by the intermediary of vanes preferably curved, and between which the material and the air are compelled to. pass.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a view in axial section of a cyclone provided with a distribution device set up according to the invention, and

Figure 2 is a plan view of the device shown in Figure 1. I w

The cyclone-or separator comprises'in the ordinary manner a cylindrical body I, terminating at its lower part in a conical inverted portion 2 which is air-tight or connected to an air-tight receptacle (not shown). The mixture of gas and material is introduced tangentially into this cylindrical body by a pipe 3.

According to the invention the distribution of the mixture of gas and material in the interior of the cylindrical body I is ensured by a right '6 and the envelope I.

cone 6 at the apex of which is attached the pipe 5 forv outlet of the gas and of which the base is connected to the wall of the bodyl by the intermediarylof vanes I. The vanes 1 are preferably curved towards the axis of the body I, and are 5 preferably uniformly distributed over the whole circumference.

The operation of the cyclone provided with such a device is as follows:

The gas containing in suspension the matter 10 to be separated is introduced tangentially into the space between the cone 6 and the cylindrical envelope I and assumes a spiraldescending movement in this space. During this movement the material distributes itself uniformly around the 15 cone 6 so that all the circumference of this cone is equally covered. The speeding up of the mixture of gas and material takes places progressively by reason of the progressive narrowing of the section of the space a between the cone 20 The mixture speeds up more and more as it descends, and when it reaches the very narrow annular space b occupied by the vanes 1 it is automatically entrained and d1- rected into, the interior of the cyclone separator 25 proper across these vanes which are preferably curved so as better to direct the mixture by removing it from the wall of the body I.

Thus at first the motive force necessary for the injection ofthe mixture into the apparatus 30 may be substantially reduced due to the. phenomenon of the automatic and progressive increase of the speed of the mixture which is produced as has been seenabove by the progressive narrowing of the space a. 35

Then, the matter is better distributed as has been seen over the whole of the circumference of the apparatus and instead of arriving at a lump at a single point, it has a greater tendency to remove itself from the wall of the cylindrical body 40 due to the action of the vanes. The abrasive effect is thus substantially reduced.

Finally, it will be observed that the conditions of operation of the apparatus are always constant since for a definite angle of the cone 6 45 the height of this latter is always proportional to the maximum diameter of the cylindrical body I.

What is claimed is:--

Distribution device for cyclones, separators, 50 turbulence furnaces, and like apparatus, comprising in combination a cylindrical chamber, a conduit opening tangentially into said chamber adjacent the top thereof for the introduction of the mixture into the apparatus, an inverted cone dis- 55 right cone, an outlet conduit connected to said opening through which the gaseous fluid of the mixture may be discharged, and vanes between a the base of the right cone and the wall of the cylindrical chamber, said vanes being curved downwardly and inwardly towards the axis of the cylindrical body in the same direction of rotation as that of the incoming mixture.

EUGENE CAMILLE SAINT-JACQUES-

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