US2100799A - Motor compressor - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 30, 1937. w. D. DRYSDALE MOTOR COMPRESSOR 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed NOV. l, 1934 Nov. 30, 1937. W. D. DRYSDALE 2,100,799

MOTOR COMPRES SOR Filed Nov. l, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 30, 1937. w. D. DRYSDALE MOTOR COMPRESSOR Filed Nov. l, 1934 3 Shees-Sheei 3 Patented Nov. 30, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE signor to Walter J.

Sugden, Boston, Mass'.

Application November 1, 1934, Serial No. 750,988

3 Claims.

This invention relates to motor-compressors for compressing and circulating refrigerant gas in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit, and is concerned with a compressor of the so-called "sealed unit type. The invention aims to provide for the lubrication of all the working parts of the unit.

The invention will best be understood by reference to the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings of one specific embodiment thereof while its scope will be pointed out more particularly in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical, longitudinal, sectional view of a motor-compressor unit embodying the invention, showing the compressor piston in its up permost position;

Fig. 2- is a similar section of a portion of the o parts illustrated in Fig. 1 showing the piston in its lowermost position;

Fig. 3 is a right-hand end elevation of the shaft bearing;

Fig. 4 is a sectionon line 4 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a section on line 5 5 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 6 is a section on line 6 8 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings and to the embodiment of the invention illustrated therein and having reference at first to Fig. 1, there is shown a motor-compressor unit comprising a horizontally disposed electric motor comprising a stator I8 -and a rotor l2, the latter being suitably secured to a horizontally disposed shaft I4 which is mounted in a bearing i6. This bearing supports a compressor, herein comprising a cylinder I8 having a head 28. As shown, the cylinder is provided with a lateral intake port 22 (see Fig. 2)

which admits the refrigerant gas from the interior of a housing, presently to be described, into the interior of the cylinder. This port is covered and uncovered by a piston 24 which is reciprocated in the cylinder by appropriate mechanism driven by the shaft I4, herein a crank pin 28 carried by the shaft and connected by a connecting rod 28 to a wrist pin 38 which extends through the piston. The piston drives the gas through a plurality of openings 32 in a plate 34 which pre` sents a seat 38 for a disc valve 38 disposed within a chamber 48 in the cylinder head and normally o seated by a spring 42. The chamber has an outlet 44 which is connected by a pipe 48 leading to the exterior to be connected to the usual condenser.

'I'he described parts are housed within a housing 48 (see Fig. 1) which presents a sealed chamber 58 for the refrigerant gas, the lower portion of said housing constituting a reservoir for the' maintenance of a body 52 of oil below the shaft and compressor and about the lower portion of the motor. The bearing i8 is apertured for the levelling of the oil on both sides of the bearing and for the equalization of gas pressure on both sides of the bearing, this being conveniently accomplished in the present example as by providing upper and lower holes 54 and 56 (see Fig. 3)

extending horizontally through a web 58 presented by the bearing. The circumference of the bearing engages and is supported by the internal surface of the housing.

The ybearing presents a secondary reservoir 88 for the maintenance of a body 62 of oil for the lubrication of the bearing surfaces of the shaft and the bearing. This reservoir is formed in part by what may be termed a dam 84 which, as best shown in Fig. 5, juts 'out from the web 58. The height of this dam is suiilcient to maintain within the reservoir 88 a very considerable body of oil.

The reservoir extends downwardly and about the shaft, as by providing the bearing with a rather long annular internal chamber 56 and by providing the shaft ywith a corresponding reduced portion 68 so that a large supply of oit is maintained about the shaft for the feeding of the bearing surfaces of the latter.

Oil is fed from the reservoir 68 in one direction along the shaft, as by one or more horizontal grooves 18 (best shown in Fig. 5) leading'to the adjacent end of the bearing, and near the end of the bearing is a circumferential groove 12 which intersects and is fed by the grooves 18. Oil escaping at the outer ends of the grooves J8 lubricates a thrust washer 14 (see Fig. 1) which rests against the adjacentendof the bearing and, as shown in Fig. 6, said washer is provided in that face which turns against the end of the bearing with grooves 18 for `the lubrication of the endwise engaging surfaces which take the thrust of the shaft. The oil which escapes at this point is conducted by a chamber 18 within the rotor I2 toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 1, and gravitates into the main or primary reservoir presented by the chamber 58. y

The other end of the bearing likewise is provided with one or more longitudinal grooves (best shown in Fig. 5) which communicate with the secondary reservoir 88 and are supplied with oil therefrom. As a further precaution, these grooves also receive oil from a circumferential groove 82 which intersects the grooves 88 and is fed at the top by a passage 84.

,The passage 84 and the reservoir 80 are conveniently supplied withroil by a rotary element,

.herein a fly-wheel 86 carried by the shaft and partially immersed in the body 52 of oil in the main reservoir. As this ily-wheel rotates, it picks up oil from the reservoir, and by centrifugal force this oil is thrown olf at the periphery of the fly-wheel and spatters onto the various surfaces at the upper portion of the chamber 58. As, shown in Fig. 3, the adjacent face of the web` 58 of the bearing I6 is provided with a shallow recess 88 (see also Fig. 4) having downwardly converging edges 90 which guide the oil into the secondary reservoir 60. These edges, as shown in Fig. 4, lead into the space bounded by the dam 64. In this way the reservoir 60 is keptwell supplied with oil which is fed from the reservoir to the bearing surfaces of the shaft. Some oil also gravitates into the'passage 84 and thence into the circumferential groove 82, whence it is distributed by the lengthwise passages 80.

Turning now to the compressor, the Wrist pin is provided with a longitudinal chamberu92 which, during the reciprocation of the piston 24 l(see Fig. 2), registers with one or more, hereinv two, downwardly inclined ports 94 constituting reservoirs for the maintenance of bodies of oil supplied by the fly-wheel, and when the piston is in its loweimost position, represented in Fig. 2,

oil gravitates from these small reservoirs into the chamber 92, whence it is fed by a passage 96 to the bearing surfaces of the wrist pin and the connecting rod. As a further precaution,-the wrist pin' is provided with another passage 98 which registers with a passage |00 at the top of the connecting rod, receiving oil which is splashed upwardly within the piston.

The bearing surfaces of the connecting rod 28 and the crank pin 26 are conveniently supplied with oil by providing the connecting rod with passages |02 which lead inwardly and downwardly and communicate with a circumferential groove |04 which delivers oil to horizontal passages |08 formed within the bearing and extending lengthwise of the crank pin.

Surplus oil dripping from all of the working parts gravitates to the main reservoir, whence it is picked up again by the fly-wheel Vancl again delivered to the bearing surfaces. Thus the working parts are kept constantly supplied with an adequate amount of oil for the bearing surfaces, and yet this is accomplished by a relatively simple and inexpensive oiling system.

Having thus described one embodiment of the invention but without limiting myself thereto, what I claim and desire by Letters Patent to secure iszf 1. A compressor'unit comprising, in combination, a horizontally disposed motor, a compressor comprising a vertically disposed cylinder, a piston therein, said cylinder being provided with one or more lateral, downwardly inclined ports constituting a reservoir or reservoirs for the maintenance of a body or bodies ofl oil, a wrist pin having a chamber which communicates with and receives oil from said port or ports as said piston reciprocates, a connecting yrod about and receiving oil from said chamber, a shaft which drives said lconnecting rod, a bearing for said shaftbetween said motor and said compressor, said bearing presenting about and extraneous to said shaft the entire means for the maintenance of a body of oil above and about said shaft for the lubrication of the bearing surfaces of said'shaft and said bearing, a housing which completely houses said motor, said compressor, said shaft, and said bearing, said housing presenting a chamber havingA a portion constituting a main reservoir for the maintenance of a body of oil below said shaft and said compressor, said chamber having a portion about said cylinder for oil from said body to reach said port or ports, and a rotary element oil directly to said port or ports and separately to said means.

2. A compressor unit comprising, in combination, a horizontally disposed motor, a compressor, a horizontallydisposed shaft driven by said motor and in ,-turn ,driving said compressor, a bearing for said shaft between said motor and said compressor, said bearing, having a vertical web, and a reservoir a part of which is at one side of said web anda part of which is at the other side of said web and supplying oil to said shaft, the second part of said reservoir having a portion about said shaft at said other side, a housing which houses said motor, said compressor, said shaft, and said bearing, said housing presenting a reservoir for the maintenance of a body of oil below said shaft and said compressor, and a rotary element carried by said shaft, partially immersed in said body of oil and adapted to supply oil to the first-mentioned reservoir.

3. A compressor unit comprising, in combina; tion, a compressor comprising a vertically disposed cylinder, a piston therein, said cylinder being provided with one or more lateral, downwardly inclined, oil-receiving and retaining ports, a Wrist pin having a chamber which communicates with and receives oil from said port or ports as said piston reciprocates, a connecting rod having a bearing about and receiving oil from said chamber, a housing which encloses said compressor,

said housing presenting a chamber having a portion constituting ,a reservoir for the maintenance of a body of oil below said compressor, said cham'- ber having a portion about said cylinder for oil from said body to reach said port or ports, a shaft which drives said connecting rod, and a rotary element carried by said shaft, partially immersed in the oil in said reservoir and adapted to supply oil directly to said port or ports.

WILLIAM D. DRYSDALE.

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