US2228983A - Basal metabolism diagnostic apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Jan; 14, 1941. J. L; BLOOMHEART 2,228,983

BASAL METABOLISM DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS Filed Feb. 27, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet l r O E 1 IX i Ji/7/7Z. fi/M/Wiwf/ 1 AW Q;

J. L. BLOOMHEFAT BAsAL METABOLISM DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS Jam 14, 1941.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 27, 1940 flan. 14, 1941. J. L. BLooMHEAm BASAL METABOLISM DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS Filed Feb, 27, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 E v v 1.. m a i3 5 M a W 9 1H 3 d J t Z W 1 I .M 0 R w 2 H a m 1 m I, 9 J I M ffi 2 m Z w 7 W 7 f M 9 Wu J //r/ W i d, m 0 m W v I! :1 W 47/ a V 2 2 f7 0 00* w W W W W 3 QT J J. a w: 1 a H o 0 3 6 6 w a w m n UTY 3 //6 m H Patented Jan. 14, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BASAL METABOLISM DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS .lel'in L. Bloomheart, Toledo, Ohio, assignor to Martha F. McKesson, Toledo, Ohio Application February 27, 1940, Serial No. 321,080 Claims. (oi. lac-2.0m

This invention relates to respiration equipment. 5 has fitting 1 to which electric supply lines 8 This invention has utility in gas administraextend, and therefrom by conduit 9 to synchrotion, more particularly as to quantity, say of oxynous motor housing l0. 5 52111, consumed by a patient in a given time inter- Record mechanism Referring to the drawings; On this deck 6 is plate ll (Figs. 5, 8) mount- Fig. 1 is a side elevation, with parts broken s Switch 12 havin n i a ns l3 for off and away, of an embodiment of the invention as an Positions t T s Switch 2 is thus apparatus of metabolism equipment eliminating effective 110 t in Sy c r n us motor Ii! and 1 water or liquid in the pneumatic trough type of hereby drive gea l4 n mesh With m Patents No. 1,677,147, July 17, 1928, and No. s I5 operating vertical a r l 6 (F s. 1, 5,-8) 1,863,929, June 21, 1932; having teeth ll to engage in openings 18 of Fig. 2 is a view from the right of Fig, 1, parts chart strip is. This chart strip l9 may have being broken away, showing the absorber to which 0011 pply 20 on ve tical barrel 2| mounted on the respiration ducts are connected; the plate H and be fed therefrom by bight 22 Fig, 3 i a, section o the li IIL-III, Fig, 1, about guide 23 to this vertical barrel H5. From showing features of t u t to t a k; this guide 23 there are yieldable arms 24 about Fig. 4 is a tion on th 1in V 1v, Fig 3 the barrel 16 to carry take-off channel or guide showing the perforate disk openable by cutting 25 anchored by Screw 26 With the plate H to the 0 out the duct connections; deck Fig. 5 is an enlarged view partially on the line Between the pp y barrel and this feed bar- V-V of Fig. 2, showing the housing removed, the rel as drawing metefiel from he supply ba bellows in section, and the absorber cap likewise rel 2|, there is located vertical s 21 (Fig. 8) in section; carrying bracket 28 mounting ink-carrying pen Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of the cap on the 29 as the marking device This b c t 8, re- 25 i I-V i 5; mote from its mounting the pen 29, has fork 30 Fig. 7 is a section on the line VII-VII, Fig. 5, to engage u d p 31 a t y at the pen showing features of the drive for the chart in the 29 in position tOWerd t e ch rt. This bracket record mechanism and some of the connections adjacent t fork S p v ed W th screw 32 30 for operating the record making device or pen; mounting Spring 33 pted to clamp the fiexi- 30 Fi 8 is a partial tion on th i V11I .V111, ble cord or cable in its connection to this bracket Fig. 1, showing the relation of the marking device This Spring 33 y se t e bracket 28 or pen as to the chart-carrying feed roll and the from the 60rd and thus permits e y ng of mounting connections therefor; the P AS the p or y grasp knurled Fig. 9 is section on t hue ag-1 Fig 2, head 34 (Fig. 1) of the barrel It to feed the de- 35 of the inhalation connections from the absorber; sired marked portion of the pe f m the de- Fig 1c is seetien en t line 31-11, Fig 2 vice 29, and as such is fed to clear tear-off bar 35, of the exhalation connections to the absorber; pull of this marked portion of the chart may be Fig. 11 is a section on the line XI--XI, Fig. 9, made to sever such from the reserve supply and 4 showing the passages in the absorber chamber a subsequent chart is thus in position for receivand absorber cap; ing attention.

Fig. 12 is a section on the line XlI-XII, Fig. 11, Variable chamber bellows showing the supporting screen in the absorber v for holding the soda lime or other particles to on the deck 5 1S hilusmg 35 f p n remove carbon dioxide from the exhalation; reliloval of e 110115111; there IS e p sed bel- 45 13 is detail View on an enlarged m of lows fixed section 31 having screws 38 which efthe cord or cable length clamp or take-up in the feet, through sealing means 3!), connection of cortransmission from the movable portion of the rugated tube 40 as a bellows, say of yieldable or bellows; and resilient material of gas-proof form, providing Fig. 14 is a medial longitudinal section, through annular ribs 4! spaced by grooves 32. There is 50 said connection or coupling. thus provided, from this fixed section 31 to rela- Table legs I may carry table top 2 having seats tively movable section 43, a variable capacity 3 in which may be located cushioned feet 4 from chamber Ml. This section 43 is connected by a base having flange 5 resting on the table top screws 38 and sealing packing 39 to complete the with deck 6 thcreabove (Figs. 1, 5). This flange sealed assembly of this bellows section between 55 the heads 31, 43. This movable section 43 has tubular arms 46, with which may telescope threaded arm sections 46 having lock nut connections 4? therewith. This leaves arm sections 45, 46 in alignment from hub 48 as a rocking bearing on axle 49. This hub 48 has anti-friction bearing 50 in its cooperation with the axle 49 to minimize resistance to operation. This adjustment of the arm 45, 46, is effective in a nicety for determining the radial position of the bellows and accordingly the volume for the chamber 44 as to distention with the annular ribs M and the roots of the grooves 42 having rigidity against expansion radially. This means that the capacity is varied solely by the slant portions between these ribs and roots of the corrugations.

The housing 36 is provided with stop 5| which may at limit position of the movable section 43 abut stem 52 and thereby against the action of spring 53-3 unseat relief valve 54. This means that the bellows may normally be an element in a closed circuit against any escape, but should there be excess pressure beyond the limit for expansion or opening of the bellows, the bellows may not be ruptured but this position is effective for a pressure release. In this housing 36 and mounted on the deck 6 is bridge member 55 locaiting hook 66, from which extends tension spring 5'! to minor arm 58 adjusted by set screw 59 in fixed position with the hub 48 for the arms 45, 46. This means there is short radius arm 58 effective through the spring 51 as a neutralizing factor against gravity disturbance in the matter of gas capacity in the chamber 44. There is thus provided in this bellows a chamber sensitive to gas volume therein and accordingly one which is effective against pressure disturbance.

Bellows evacuation In practice hereunder, there may be a purpose to start from zero or empty bellows. To such end, handle 60 (Fig. 1) may be operated to throw arm 6| (Fig. 5) fixed with the handle 60. This arm 6| terminally carries roller 82 which, as the handle 60 is effective, may contact the movable section 46 and cause such to be thrown to the extent of collapsing the bellows toward the fixed section 67, thus causing any gas therein to pass therefrom by ventilation port 63.

Bellows position indicator The housing 66 (Fig. 1) adjacent the handle 60 has fixture 64 locating window 65 in position to expose indicator arm 66. This arm 66 (Fig. 5) is mounted by clamp device 61 with an arm 46 and thus in the swinging of the movable section 43 discloses such position through the window 65.

Barometer Inasmuch as the accuracy of diagnostic work is of importance, a disturbance of such by variation in barometric conditions it is well to take into account, and in removing the chart and making record from the machine herein it is of value to endorse on the chart the barometric conditions prevailing. Accordingly, the housing 36 (Fig. 1, 5) has mounted therein barometer 68, the position of which may be disclosed through window 69, for taking readings thereof.

Bellows connection to the penjor the chart The movable bellows section 43 at its arm 45 (Fig. 5) has connection 10 with flexible wire cord 1!, having a tension spring section 12, passing about guide roller 13 to guide roller I4 (Figs. 5, 7,

8), thence about roller 15 to clutch 16 on the bracket 28, thence up to roller 11 and then through guide tube 78. This line II then extends about roller I9 to roller 88, and thence by roller 8| back to the connection 70 with the arm 45. There is thus provided a complete two direction control for the pen with spring section I2 maintaining such as automatically without slack or accurate functioning as the movable section 43 of the bellows may be shifted in the capacity variations.

The connection 10 is at the free end of flexible arm I0 anchored with sleeve adjustable by set screw 16" along the arm section 46. This is accordingly an adjustment to disclose a varying capacity in shift for the pointer or needle 29 as the pen or marker.

The mask From the deck 6 (Figs. 1, 3) at fitting 82 there is flexible arm 83 having clamping connection 84 mounting inhalation duct 85 and exhalation duct 86 in position adjacent Y-fitting 87 carrying mask 88. This fitting 87 has ports 89. Knurled head 90 may operate disk 9| to close off air flow by these ports 89 and thus allow respiration gas to pass by seat 92 through port 93 to and from the mask 88 in normal breathing operations. However, in the event the operator should desire the patient to become familiar with the mask before starting the diagnostic process, or otherwise Wish to adjust the apparatus for functioning prior to test, the hand wheel 99 may be operated to unseat the valve Ill and cause valve disk 94 to seat at port 92, thus cutting off the ducts 85, 86, and placing the mask 88 in communication through the port 93 and the ports 89 with the atmosphere.

The absorber Exhalation by the patient at the mask 88 is by way of the duct 86 to chamber 95 (Fig. 10) to unseat check valve 96 and thence by chambers 91, 98 (Fig. 11). This expiration check valve section comprises fitting 99 assembled by set screw I00 with cap I0! of the absorber. This cap IOI has concentric inner annular seat I02 and concentric outer annular seat I03. Soda lime chamber having outer shell I04 may abut gasket in the seat I03. Inner tubular portion I05 of this soda lime device or absorber separates soda lime fragments I06 in this annular chamber from duct I07 providing passage from the chamber 98 to chamber I08 below screen or perforate bottom I09 supporting the soda lime I06.

Knurled head III) on stem III has shoulder IIZ (Fig. 2) to abut seat I I3 on the cap IN. This stem III extends (Fig. 11) through this cap IM and through the chamber I01 to engage fitting II4 adjacent the chamber I68 as a base of the outer shell I04. This chamber I08 is in communication with the duct I01 by ports H5 through the fitting I I4. Accordingly, upon unscrewing action at the head H0, this stem III is freed from the fitting I I4 in soda lime container which may be allowed to settle in freed position as to the cap I 0|. A drawing up of the stem III thus allows the chamber to be shifted clear of the deck 6 and removed laterally for replacement with a substitute container for discharge and replacement as the soda lime may be spent or there be other occasion for recharging.

This exhalation gas, as reaching the chamber I88 and passing up through the perforate section I09 into and about the soda lime I06, therefrom may flow by chamber I I6 (Figs. 11, 9) on the way to chamber I 'I. Between the chamber I I8 and chamber II! there may be located indicator or glass cylinder spacer IIII having lower foraminous wall H9 and upper foraminous wall I20 therebetween to carry particles I2I of an indicator sensitive, say by color, to disclose presence of car bon dioxide as not removed by the soda lime; This indicator may be. specially treated say to show a green or greenish color as the gas may be purified by the absorber. However, as the soda lime is depleted or exhausted and the carbon dioxide content builds up, this indicator I2I may depart from this green color, say to a brownish cast,thereby warning the operator that the charge in the absorber should be replenished or replaced.

Knurled head I22 on stem I23 mounts. fitting li t in assembling this chamber device I IT with the cap Iii! and whether or notwith this indicator therebetween. This gas as in the chamber I Il may be inhaled by lifting check valve I25 and thus, in chamber I26, pass to duct 85 en route to the mask.

Window I2! may be positioned by fitting I28 in position to observe the functioning of this in halation check valve I25. Window I29 (Fig. 10) may be positioned by fitting I30 to disclose position of exhalation check valve 96 as lifted for exhalation flow in the chamber 91.

This absorber in this circuit as described for inhalation and exhalationhas its breathing balance for exhalation taken care of from the chamber Iit through connection I3I (Figs. 5, 9) to the port 63. Thus at exhalation the bellows is distended with gas which has had the carbon dioxide removed therefrom. At inhalation the bellows responds to return to the patient the gas from which the carbon dioxide has been removed.

Thermometer As a further check beyond the barometer there is located adjacent the port 63 thermometer I32 having window portion I33 (Figs. 1, 2, The operator may thus check on what may be the temperature of the gases after the purification. This is an additional factor which may be taken into account on the chart in disclosing the degrees of temperature of the gas which may be inhaled by the patient.

In the functioning hereunder, a supply cylinder Iii-'I (Fig. 1) of oxygen may have reducing valve I35 with duct I36 therefrom to valve I31 (Fig. 2) from which extends opening I38 (Fig. into the chamber 9'1. Thus into this closed circuit there may be introduced, independent of flow back through the check valve 96 to the patient, a supply of oxygen to distend the bellows to the desired amount as may be disclosed by the pointer tit. In this charging or replenishing operation for gas to operate under the diagnosis, the valve 94 (Fig. 3) may be seated at the seat 92 and thus insure against pressure operating to open the check valve I25 and therefrom avoid the supply of oxygen through the intake or inhalatio duct 85 to the patient. In the base 6 clear ofthe switch I2 is pocket I39 (Fig. 5) in which may be located bottle I -III having stopper MI. This may provide a convenient source of ink or writing material for charging the pen 29.

It is desirable to have the chart position start at a vertical timed line of the chart as the motor has started. Accordingly, the knurled head 34 may bring such line into position at the pen 29. However, the pen need not necessarily mark the chart to this point, for pivotal mounting Hi2 (Fig. 8) permits this pen to be rocked back against stop M3 during this shifting and then brought into position against the chart with the spring 33 operated to release the clutch connection IS with thecable or cord II in positioning the point 29 at the desired height on the chart as to the cross lines. Release of the spring 33 then re-connects the pen to this transmission connection of the bellows.

In the operation hereunder, the mask 88 (Fig. 1) may be placed in position on the patient with the hand wheel 95] operated to have the valve disk 94 close ofi the inhalation and exhalation ducts 85, 86. The patient is thus given an opportunity to become familiar with the position of the mask and normal breathing with the mask in position. The operator may through the handle 6!] swing the bellows section 43 toward the section 3'! to evacuate the bellows from any gases therein. Then from the supply tank I34 of oxygen, there may be a supply delivered in the desired quantity through the valve I3'I up to the expansion sought for the bellows, short of having the relief valve 54 open. The absorber is, of course, in position as properly charged, and the indicator I2I is of the proper color disclosure. The oxygen supply may be out off at valve I31, and the handle 90 operated to establish communication for the patient to effect breathing by way of the absorber to the bellows for exhalation and inhalation from the bellows back to the mask by way of the indicator I2 I. In this swinging of the bellows to and fro, the indicator arm 56 discloses to the operator how the bellows is functioning in the matter of the depth of breathing which the patient may have. The thermometer window I33 discloses the temperature for the breathing operation, and the barometer window 69 shows the atmospheric pressure. feed is effective and the inked pen 29 may thus have its positions of shift duly recorded on the traveling chart in providing a graph of frequency of respirations and their range, incidental to which there is the depletion of oxygen disclosed as such is removed by the absorber.

The cable or line I I, in a portion thereof which in normal functioning of the bellows would not require passing over a guide wheel, has an adjustable clutch connection for accuracy in length variation. To this end, the cord II (Fig. 14) may pass into coupling section IM to protrude through lateral opening in this cylindrical or cup-shaped end to have the cord terminate in knot I45. This section I-I i having the cup-shaped end oppositely therefrom carries externally threaded section I45 adapted to engage in companion section I41, which receives centrally therein the remote portion of the cord II to have such protrude from lateral opening Hill and be clamped in such position by the threaded portion I46 in cooperation with this section III. It is thus possible to bring the tension of the spring 12 into a degree of uniformity in holding the indicator 66 with this spring I2 at all times serving to keep up the slack at such maintained tension.

What is claimed and it is desired to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. Respiration apparatus embodying a closed circuit including a variable capacity chamber having a pair of sections, one or which is hinge mounted, an annularly corrugated tube connecting the sections and providing a bellows, and a neutralizing spring having connection to the movable section eccentric of the hinge and a fixed connection whereby stressing the spring away from mid-position of the movable section is effective for rendering the bellows approximately uniformly sensitive to gas volume in its range of capacity.

By throwing in the switch I2, the chart 2. Respiration apparatus embodying a closed circuit including an annularly ribbed and grooved bellows section, a fixed and a movable section connected by the bellows section, a support for the sections, a stop for the movable section mounted on the support exterior of the sections and a relief valve for the bellows carried by the movable section and movable with the movable section away from the fixed section and toward the stop to be operated by the stop.

3. Respiration apparatus embodying a chamber for respiratory gas including movable means to disclose depletion of said gas volume therefrom, a housing enclosing the chamber, an absorber exterior of the housing having ventilation port connection with the chamber in assembly to provide a closed circuit, and a passage section in said circuit providing a chamber for a color responsive carbon dioxide indicator.

4. Respiration apparatus embodying a chamber for respiratory gas including movable means to disclose depletion of said gas volume therefrom, a

housing enclosing the chamber, a carbon dioxide absorber, a mask, ducts from the mask to the absorber and chamber in providing a closed circuit in one of which ducts the absorber is located, there being a passage section from the absorber providing a chamber, and indicator particles in the chamber adapted to respond through color change of the particles by presence of carbon dioxide in said circuit as flowing therepast.

5. Respiration apparatus embodying an absorber provided with a ported cap forming a support, an absorber chamber having an open top to abut the cap in providing a pair of endless sealed connections therewith, said chamber having independent passages from said connections in the cap forming from the cap a closed circuit, and a bolt through the cap adapted to engage the chamber to pull the chamber up to seating position, said bolt being operable to release the chamber for settling clear of the cap for lateral removal relatively to the cap.

JOHN L. BLOOMHEART.

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