US2234824A - Bushing puller - Google Patents

Description

March R P. KINGSTON' BUSHING FULLER y Filed Feb. e, 1959 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYJ.

` such bushings from their seats.

Patented Mar. 11, 19,41

' UNITED STATES PATENT ortica 3 Claims.

The present application relates to a bushing puller, and the primary object of the invention is to provide a tool of the character described which shall be usuable in either applying `tightiittlng bushings to their seats, or in removing It is a further object of the invention to provide such a tool `which shall be of such character that it will be adaptable to `bushings of rather widely-varying diameters; that it may be operated without special skill `to remove or lplace bushings quickly and accurately and Without damage to the bushings or to their seats. Itis a further object of the invention `to provide atool of the character described through which it shall be possible to apply enormouswforces with relatively slight exertion. Further objects of the invention will appear as` the descriptiony proceeds.

To the `accomplishment of the above and related objects, my invention may be embodied in the forms illustrated in the accompanying drawing, attention .being called to the fact, however, that `the drawing is illustrative only, and that change may be made ln the specific construction illustrated and described, so long as the scope of the appended claims is not violated.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through an embodiment of my invention, in assembled con- `dition with certain fittings applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one form of puller fitting; v Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, upon an enlarged scale, of another form of puller iitting, a fragment of the stud being shown in association therewith;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation, partly in section, of another form of` puller fitting, a fragment of the stud being shown in association therewith;

Fig. 5 is aside elevation, partly in section', of still another form of puller fitting with which is associated `a fragment of the puller stud;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation, parts being `broken away for clarity of illustration, of a special adapter for use in connection with thetool for a` specific application;

Fig. 7 is an isometric` view of a fragment of `my tool with an auxiliary barrel applied thereto; and

Fig. 8 is an elevation, partly in section, of a puller` fitting usable in connection with the organization [off Fig. 7.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, it will be seen that I have illustrated a. tool comprising a barrel I0, a portion of the outer surface of said barrel preferably being knurled to provide a hand grip. One end II of said barrel forms an annular foot, and is adapted to receive any one of a plurality of fittings I2 each of which comprises a cylindrical portion I3 snugly receivable within the end II of the barrel Ill, and an annular foot surface I4, each iitting I2 being formed with a foot surface I4 of predetermined `internal diameter. The end surface Il of the barrel Ill is preferably formed with two diametrically opposite' notches 83 to permit the insertion oi.' a tool for prying the `fitting I2 out oi its assembled position.

Within the barrel I is iixedly received a shell I which is formed with a slot I6 therethrough', one end I1 of said slot terminating short `ofthe end of the shell I5 adjacent the foot II, and the I other end I8` of said slot opening through the opposite end of said shell. Slidably mounted within the shell I5 is a sleeve I9 provided with a lateral projection seated `vvithinthe slot I6.

Said sleeve I9 is formed with an elongated, internally threaded bore 2I receiving the thread#- ed portion 22 of a stem 23 which isjournaled in a plug 24. As is clearly to be seen in Fig. 1, the stem 2,3 is prevented from axial movement with respect to the plug 24 by a shoulder orcollar 25 and' a nut or head` 26 engaging opposite surifaces of said plug 24. Said plug is snugly seated within the end of the barrel II) opposite the foot II, and is provided with a flange 21 bearing against said end. The head 26 is preferably formed with a transverse bore 2B to receive an operating hand bolt 29 which is preferably provided, at its opposite ends, with spring `pressed balls 3D tending to prevent accidental .dislodg` ment thereof.

It willbe obvious `that rotation of the stem 23 through the bar 29 will be converted into reciprocation of the sleeve I9; andthat enormous forces tending to move said sleeve toward the left, as viewed in Fig. l, may be appliedtosald sleeve without excessive exertion, and` without applying to the tool any force tending to disassemble said tool.

The sleeve I9 is further formedwith a second internallyl threaded bore 3I receiving the threaded end 32 of a stud 33, one threaded portion 34 of which is projectible beyond the foot II or the foot I4. Said projectible portion 34 is adapted `to receive any one of a plurality of fittings siniilar to tting '35.

It will be seen that the iitting35 provides a cylindrical surface 36 which is interrupted by a laterally projecting annular shoulder 31 formed.

to provide an annular bearing surface 38 substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the stud 33. Said fitting is further formed with an internally threaded bore 39 receiving a threaded portion 34 of the stud 33.

In use, the stern 23 is rotated to project the portion 34 of the stud 33. A footpiece I2 of suitable internal diameter is selected and associated with the barrel I0, the diameter of the selected footpiece depending upon the diameter of the bushing to be shifted, it being obvious that the internal diameter of the selected footpiece must be greater, but preferably only slightly greater, than the external diameter of the bushing to be shifted. A fitting similar to the fitting 35 is now selected, the requirements thereof being that the cylindrical surface 36 shall have an external diameter rpreferably only slightly less than the internal diameter of the bushing to be shifted, and that the shoulder 31 shall be of such external diameter as to make the width of the bearing surface 38 substantially equal to the thickness of the bushing to be shifted.

The fitting 35 is intended primarily for use in applying bushings to their seats. Therefore. the bushing to be applied is sleeved upon the cylindrical surface 36 of the fitting 35, the stud 33 is projected through the bushing seat and thereafter the fitting 35 is threaded on to the portion 34 of the stud 33. The stem 23 is now rotated until the distance between the foot I4 and that end of the bushing adjacent the foot I4 is substantially equal to the length of the bushing seat. The foot I4 is now carefully placed in contact with the adjacent surface of the bushing seat in absolute concentricity with the bushing seat, and the stem 23 is further rotated, thus drawing the fitting 35 and the bushing associated therewith closer to the foot I4, and forcing the bushing to move axially toward its desired position within the bushing seat. Such rotation is continued, thereafter, until the bushing is accurately located within its seat; whereafter the stem 23 is rotated in the opposite direction to back the fitting 35 out of the bushing, leaving the bushing in its seat. When the fitting 35 has so been moved out of the bushing, it may be unthreaded from the stud 33; whereafter the stud 33 may be withdrawn by removing the tool.

The fitting 35' of Fig. 2 is intended primarily for use in removing bushings from their seats; and differs from the fitting 35 only in that its cylindrical surface 36' is shorter than the surface 36. When it is desired to remove a bushing, a suitable footpiece I2 and fitting 35' are selected, the stud 33 is projected through the bushing, the fitting 35 is mounted upon the stud portion 34, the footpiece I2 is placed in absolute concentricity with the external surface of the bushing, and the stem 23 is rotated to draw the cylindrical surface 36 into the bushing. When`the shoulder 31 engages the end of the bushing, further rotation of the stem 23 will begin to draw the bushing toward the footpiece I2. In removing a bushing. of course the bushing must be drawn entirely into the barrel I; and it is for that reason that the end 4I) of the shell I is spa-ced from the end II of the barrel I0.

After the bushing has been withdrawn from its seat, the tool may be removed; whereafter the fitting 35 is removed from the stem 34 and the bushing. which has been drawn into the barrel I, may be readily removed therefrom.

ln Fig. 3, I have shown a fitting 35" which may be alternatively used in place of the fitting 35 or the fitting 35. The fitting 35" is provided with an elongated cylindrical surface 4I similar to the surface 36, and with an internally threaded bore 42 similar to the bore 39. Said fitting is further provided with a shorter cylindrical surface 43 similar to the surface 36' and with an internally threaded bore 44 which may be associated with the stud portion 34. The shoulder 45 provides oppositely facing bearing surfaces 46 and 4T corresponding, respectively, with the surfaces 38 and 38'.

Preferably, the fitting 35 is provided with a kerf 48 and the fitting 35 is provided with a kerf 48. Similarly, the fitting 35" will be provided at one end with a kerf 49 and at its opposite end with a kerf 50, merely to provide a convenient means for applying reasonable force in applying or removing the fittings from the stem portion 34.

In Fig. 4 I have illustrated a fitting 5I for use in removing bushings which are so located that it is impossible or inconvenient to apply a fitting of the character illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. For instance, if only one end of the bushing seat is conveniently available, while the other end thereof is so closely adjacent to another element as to make it difficult or impossible to insert a fitting of the character of those illustrated in Figs. l, 2 and 3 between such bushing seat and such other element, then a fitting, of suitable size, of the character illustrated in Fig. 4 may be applied to stud portion 34. Said fitting 5I comprises a base 52 formed with an internally threaded bore 53 for receiving the stud portion 34, and a plurality of spring fingers 54 arranged to define an annulus 55 of resiliently variable diameter. Each finger 54 is formed with a cammed radial projection 5B terminating in a rearwardly facing, radially extending shoulder 51, the shoulders 51 of all of the fingers 54 cooperating to define an annular bearing surface substantially perpendicular to the line of movement of the stud 33,

When it is desired to remove a bushing of the character above-mentioned, the operator selects a fitting 5I of suitable size, it being obvious that the diameter of the circle defined by the leading edges of the surfaces 56 must be slightly less than the internal diameter of the bushing to be pulled, and that the diameter of the circle defined by the trailing edges of said surfaces 56 must beslightly greater than the internal diameter of the bushing to be pulled.

Applying such fitting 5I to the stud portion 34, and with the stud portion 34 projected beyond the foot II or the footpiece I2, the operator manually forces the fitting 5I into the bushing to be pulled. As he does so, the cammed surfaces 56, entering the bushing, will cause the fingers 54 to flex inwardly, thereby reducing 'the diameters of the circles defined by said surfaces 56, and permitting the leading ends of the fingers 54 to project entirely through the bushing. As said leading ends emerge from the far end of the bushing, the natural resilience of the fingers will cause the same to snap outwardly, whereby the shoulders 51 are projected beyond the internal surface of the bushing and into engagement with the far end of the bushing. The footpiece I2 is now placed in contact with the adjacent surface of the bushing seat; whereafter rotation of the stem 23 in the manner above described will draw the fitting 5| toward the footpiece I2; and the engagement of the bearing surface formed by the shoulders 51 with the far end of the bushing will enforce similar movement of the bushing, whereby the bushing may be withdrawn from its seat.

In Fig. I have illustrated a fitting 58 which may be used, in conjunction with my tool, in withdrawing so-called blind bushings, which are so located that even the shouldered ends of the fingers 54 cannot be projected beyond the far end thereof. The fitting 58 comprises a base 59 formed with` a bore 60 a portion of which is internally threaded; and a plurality of spring fingers 6l, said fingers being separated by slots 62. For reasons which will be apparent, it is not necessary that the fingers 6I shall be as delicate as the fingers 54; and three or more slots 62 have been found to be sufficient.

Each linger 6| is formed, adjacent its leading end with one or more part-annular sharpened edges 63, the edges 63 of the series of fingers cooperating to form, in effect, annular blades. Within the unthreaded portion of the bore 60 there is reciprocably mounted a plunger 64 formed with a tapered surface 65 adapted to cooperate with the internal surfaces 66 adjacent the leading ends of the lingers 6I. The plunger 84 is preferably provided with a colla-r 61 of such diameter'asto prevent accidental rearward dislodgment of said plunger. i

It will be seen that the fingers 6I are so arranged as to define an annulus of resiliently variable diameter.

When it is desired to pull a bushing of the character above described1 the operator will select a fitting 58 of suitable size, it being obvious that it will be necessary to select a fitting in which the diameters of the circles defined by the edges 63 are, normally, slightlyless than the internal diameter of the bushing to be pulled; but in which the diameters of those circles can be sufciently expanded to drive such edges into the internal surface of the bushing, Applying the selected fitting to the stud portion 34, the operator willinsert the fingers BI into the bushing. Thereafter, holding the fitting 58 against rotation, the operator will rotate the barrel Il) to rotate the stud 33, thereby projecting the stud portion 34 more deeply into the bore 60, and thereby forcing the plunger B4 to move toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 5, to expand the circles defined by the blades 63. Thereby, the blades 63 are positively driven into the material of the bushing.

When the blades have been driven deeply enough into the material of the bushing, the footpiece l2 is placed in Contact with the adjacent surface of the bearing seat, and the stem 23 is rotated in the manner above described to withdraw the tting 58, and with' it the bushing, from the bushing seat.

In Fig. 6, I have illustrated a special fitting particularly designed for the purpose of installing or withdrawing the Ford spring shackle 'studded bushing. A polygonal tting 68 is formed with an internally threaded bore 69 for the reception of one end of the shackle and with a threaded extension H adapted to be received in the bore 3|. The, other end 'l2 of the shackle stud receives a puller fitting 89 which bears against the bushing sleeve end. This tting is used in the manner above described with respect to the embodiment of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 illustrates the tool of Fig. l modified by the substitution of a plug similar tothe plug 24 but provided with an enlarged flange 21 formed to provide one or more radial extensions 13. This plug is used when it is desired to adapt the tool for manipulation of bushings of diameters much larger than those within the normal range of a tool of particular size. 4To the'barrel ID is applied an auxiliary barrel indicated generally by the reference numeral 14 and preferably, for the purpose of reducing weight, cage-like'in construction. Such cage-like auxiliary barrel cornprises a top plate l5 and a bottom ring 16 suitably connected by columns-T1, column 11 is provided at its opposite ends with reduced threaded extensions (not shown) the lower extensions being threaded into tapped holes in ring 16 and the upper extensions being projected through untapped holes in the plate and secured in place by nuts 18. The upper surface of the top plate 15 is formed with a depression 19 conforming to the flange 21 and projec-` tions 13; and the base of said depression is engaged between the flange 21' and the upper end of the barrel I0, whereby the auxiliary barrel 14 is held against axial or rotational movement with respect to the plug 24.

The bottom ring 16 is, in configuration, closely similar to the projecting portions of the footpiece I4; and its bottom surface 80 forms a bearing surface, concentric with the surface Il, and pref- Preferably, each` erably disposed substantially in the plane thereof. i

With the auxiliary barrel 14 in place, it will be obvious that the tool becomes effectively a bushing puller of very much larger diameter. It will also be obvious that auxiliary barrels of various diameters may be provided, just as I have provided footpieces I2 of various diameters. The limitation upon the diameters of auxiliary barrels to be used in removing the bushings is that the difference between the internal diameter of the bottom ring 16 and the external diameter of the barrel I0 must be at least equal to the thickness of the bushing to be removed; and the limitation upon auxiliary barrels to be used in connection with the seating of bushings is that the external diameter of the `bearing surface 8U must be at least slightly greater than the internal diameter of the bushing seat.

With the combination of Fig. 7 I prefer to use a pulling fitting of the character illustrated in Fig. 8, said fitting comprising a ring 8| formed to provide an annular shoulder 82 substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the stud 33. Said ring comprises further a cylindrical extension 83; and it is supported on, and may be integral with, a plurality of spokes 84 radiating from a hub 85 which is internally threaded as at 86 for engagement upon the portion 34 of the stud 33. In these large sizes, I prefer toprovide a plurality of leaf springs 81 secured to the cylindrical surface 83 to assure a tight-solid fit of the cylindrical portion 83 within the internal surface of the bushing being handled.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a tool of the Class described. a barrel having an uninterrupted cylindrical surface and formed to provide an annular foot, a shell xedly mounted within said barrel and formed with a longitudinal slot therethrough, a sleeve reciprocably mounted within said shell and provided nwith a lateral projection seated in said slot, a

stein journalled in said barrel and normally held against reciprocation with respect thereto, said sleeve and stem being operatively threadedly associated together, a stud removably mounted upon that end of said sleeve adjacent said foot and projectible beyond said foot, and an element -threadedly mounted upon the projecting end of said stud and formed to provide a bearing surface facing said foot.

2. In a tool of the class described, a barrel having an annular foot, a stem journalled insaid barrel, i means providing an annular shoulder non-reciprocabie with respect to said stem, an

Aauxiliary barrel abutting said shoulder, means holding the same against rotation With respect to said shoulder, said auxiliary barrel having an annular foot ofv greater diameter than that of said first-namedpfoot, a stud reciprocabiy supported in said barrel and projectible therefrom beyond both of said feet, means removably mounted on said stud and providing a bearing surface substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of said stud, and means providing an operative connection between said stem and said stud to convert rotary movement of said stem with revoperatively received in said socket, whereby rotation of said stem eiects reciprocation of said sleeve, and means movable with said sleeve and projectible outwardly beyond said foot for engag. ing a bushing, or the like.

ROBERT P. KZINCYSTON,l

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