US2245501A - Reciprocating pump - Google Patents

Description

June 10, 1941. -w. c. RICHARDSON RECIPROCATING PUMP 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 25, 1937 William CRiChardson INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

June 10, 1941. w. c. RICHARDSON ,50

RECIPROCATING rum? ATTORNEY.

Wflham -C.R1chardson 1 INVENTOR.

5mm 10,1941. w. c. RICHARDSON; r 2,245,501

I REC IPROCATING PUMP I Filed Sept. 25, 1937 T e Sheets -Sheet 4 7 I '37 I l Q B; o HEP/Q36 1NVENTOR.

J BY I Q 41,

ATTORNEY.

William C. Richardson I W, C. RICHARDSGN June 10, 1941. 2,245,501

- REGIPROCMING PUMP 7 Filed Sept. 25, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 ichards on INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

June 10,1941. w, c, RICHARDSON "2,245,501

RECIPROCATING PUMP Y Filedse t. 25, 1937 s Sheets-Sheet e liroca Y chamber;

' through on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7

Patented June 10,19 4! UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,245,501 BECIPROCAIING Pm William 0. Richardson,- Electra, Tex.

I relates to an improvement in refi' msfoilthetypeused ior pumping'oil or other deep wells in the earth. The invention relates more particularly to the operating" 5 mechanism for such pumps.

Heretofore, attempts ha e-been made to operate a deep well pump by fluid pressure, but difllculty has been experienced, first, with the operation of the various valves for controlling the pump, and

second, with the deleterious eiiect of :the air or gas" that is discharged into the 011 being pumped.

The object of this-invention is to improve the operating mechanism oia fluid actuated pump of this type, whereby a. quick changing or the valves may be obtained automatically and proper I tion or the pump'cylinder and travelling valve; and

and desired operation thereof provided, while at the same time preventing intermixing oi the pumping fluid with the oil or other fluid pumped from the well.

In the present invention, the valves are so controlled by a positive quick changing mechanism that no dead center is experienced. The fluid is discharged irom the operating mechanism into a separate conduit and conveyed to the surface of the well separate from the pumping oil, whereby there is no intermixing of the pumping fluid with the pumped fluid from the well. Thus the expensive treating that would be necessary to eliminate this pu mping fluid from the crude oil intermixed therewith is wholly eliminated.

Although the-invention may be embodied in different forms and changes made therein to meet specific needs and requirements, a prei'erred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

' Fig. 1 rise. vertical sectional view 01 a portion of a deep well pump showing the invention applied thereto, parts being in elevation;

Fig. 2 is a 'side elevation 01' the latch hook detached; v Fig. '3 is :a sii'nilar'view of a slide standard? Fig. 4 is a similar view of a slide on the valve trip mechanism;

Fig. 5 is' a transverse sectional view through the slide standard, on the line 5-! of Fig. 3:

Fig. 6 is a similar view-through the slide on theline 5-4 Orrin; Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view partly in elevation, on an enlarged scale, through-the valve Fig. 8 is-a transverse sectional view there- Fig. 9 is a similar view on the of Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view through a portion of the pump, partlyin elevation, showing the valve trip mechanism; I

Application September 25, 1931, Serial No. 165,750

.19 Claims. (01.103-46) 'Fig. 12 isa transverse sectional view on the line I2| 2 of Fig. 10;

Fig. 13 is a similar view on the line l3-I3 of Fig. 10

j Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional view through a portion of the pump showing the stroke linkage chamber, parts being in elevation;

Fig. 1-5 is a transverse sectional view on the line l5l5 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a similar view on the line lt-lli or I 1 Fig. 18;

Fig. 17 is .a. vertical sectional view partly in elevation through the power pistons and their cylinders;

Fig; =l8-is a similar view through the upper por- Fig.19 is a similar view through the lower portion of the pump cylinder and standing valve.

I The form of the invention shown in the drawings is illustrated generally in Fig. 1, and more in detail inthe other figures, but Fig. 1 shows the complete pump, but with the pipes connecting I plane, whereas some or these pipes would be out the. different parts in a diagrammatic illustration,. locating these pipes substantially in a single of said plane and slightly ofi'set therefrom. The pump comprises a casing designated generally by the numeral 22 which is shown as made in,

sections separated by partitions 23, which divide the easing into power cylinders 24, within which pistons 28 operate. The pistons 26 are attached to a hollow connecting rod 28, slidably mounted in, stuillng boxes 29 and 30, in the partitions 23,

and the lower endof the piston rod 28 carries a. piston 3| and traveling valve 32 operatively mounted in a lower cylinder 33 in the casing.

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the trip mech- These are shown in details in Fig. 18, from which it will beapparent that the traveling valve is prevented from closing the lower end of the hollow piston rod 28 by a pin 34, so that the fluid may pass the traveling valve and into the lower end of the piston rod. y

Figs. 1 and 19 illustrate the usual standing valve designated generally by the numeral 35, which is secured in the lower end 01' the casing 22,

in order to admit fluid into the pump cylinder 33 from which it is forced upwardly through the hollow connecting rod 28. A

As shown in Figs. 1, 14 and 15, the upper end of the hollow connecting rod 28 carries a plate 36, through which pass slidable valve controlrods 31, each carrying stops. and I0 above and below the plate 36, respectively, to engage the said plate 36 upon longitudinal movement of the connecting rod '28, to reciprocate the control rod 31 by lengthwise motion or the connecting rod 28.

As shown in Figs. 10 and 11, the upper end portions of the control rods :1, pass slidably through flanges 42 and 44, and have stops 46 and 48, re-

spectively, above and below the flanges 4'2 and 48 to engage the latter. The flanges 4'2 and 44 receive a valve stem 58 which passes therethrough and which has a coiled spring 52 sleeved thereon and bearing at opposite ends on the flanges t2 and 44, normally tending to press said flanges against stops 53 fixed on the valve stem 58.

As shown in Fig. l, the casing 22 has a partition 58, secured therein provided with an upstanding support 55 having openings 56 therethrough for the passage of fluid from within the support 55 upwardly to the space in the casing above the partition 5d.

As shown in Figs. and ll, the support 55 carries an end member El to which are secured the lower ends of a pair of standards 58, the upper ends of which standards are secured to an end member 58. The standards 58 are disposed on opposite sides of the valve stem 58 and support the valve casing designated generally by the numeral til, as shown in detail in Fig. 'l'.

The valve casing 88 is divided into several valve chambers iii, 82 and 83, and between the chambers 8i and 82 is a fluid chamber t l, while fluid chambers and 68 are provided, respectively, above and below the valve chamber 81% The valve stem 58 carries valves 8t, t8, t8 and iii, the valves and 58 being in opposed relation on opposite sides of the chamber 8 3, while the valves 89 and l d face and seat in opposite directions alternately in th valve chamber 83.

The valves lid, and it are spring-pressed for yieldable movement relative to the valve stem 88, on which the valves ti and t8 are fixed. A spring "ii in each of the valves'tii and i8 bears at one end against a cup which is pinned to the piston rod at W, while the opposite end of said spring bears against a gland "it, having packing id interposed between the same and the valve, the latter having its movement limited in one direction by a pin it. This packing prevents any liquid from escaping around the valve stem 58, while the purpose of having one of each pair of valves yieldable is to permit seating thereof and of the other valves on the stem, even though one or more of these should wear more rapidly than the others.

To facilitate assembly, the valvecasing 88 is divided into sections separated by packing members it, having glands it to prevent leakage of the fluid from one chamber to an adjoining 58. This prevents the slides. 83 from slipping down until forcedby the flange l2.

The power fluid which is pumped down into th well from the surface of the ground is directed through an inlet pipe 88 into the chamber 88 (Fig.

7). Since the valve iii is open, the-fluid will flow into the chamber 68 and into a conduit 88 to the upper ends of power cylinders 24, above the pis= tons 28. The pressure of this fluid will force the pistons 28 downwardly in their cylinders, while the fluid in the lower ends of the cylinders 24 will be forced thereby into a conduit 98 which extends upwardly therefrom to chamber 8i, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1. The valve 81 being open, this fluid will be directed into the chamber 68, thence through a conduit8i, back to the surface of the ground at the top .of the well.

The downward motion of the pistons 28 will also force the pump piston 3i downwardly in its cylinder 38, causing the liquid trapped in the latter to be forced upwardly through the traveling valve 32 and connecting rod 28, to a point above the power cylinders to where it is discharged in the casing below the partition 54, through which it is forced and around the valve casing to out through th top of the pump casing.

When the pistons 28 have approximately reached the limits of their downward movements,

the valve stem 80, thereby causing downward (ill chamber. while a gland l8 closes the upper end the length thereof, and provided with hooks 82 at the upper and lower ends thereof.-respectively,

in positions to engage flanges 42 and 84. A latch slide 83 also extends lengthwise of each standard 58, being telescoped thereon and slidable relative thereto. The latch slide 83 has shoulders Bl and 85, adjacent opposite 'ends thereof on the inner side-of the latch slide, while the opposite'edge thereof has a closed shoulder 86, at one end and a similar shoulder 81 at the opposite end to con tact the curved end portions of the latch 88. An

elongated transverse opening is formed in the slide 88 to permit insertion of the pivot pin 8i for assembly of the parts.

Each latch slide 83 has a spring catch 83 secured thereto to the connecting rod 28 will have carried the plate 38 into engagement" with the lower stops 58 on the control rods 37, moving said control rods and thereby causing the stops 48 on the upper ends thereof (Fig, 10) to contact flange 82 and compress the spring as. This will cause the slide 63 to move downward on each standard 58 to a point where the closed side 86 will engage the curved upper end of latch 88, tripping the same and releasing flange M for downward movement by the spring 58.

The flange will engage th lower stop 53 on movement of the valve stem to close valves 61' and i8, and opening the valves 88 and 68. This shifting of the valves will cause the motive fluid to be directed from chamber 68 past valve 88 and into a conduit 82, which leads from chamber 85 downwardly to the lower ends of the cylinders 24 to act upwardly on the-pistons 28 in their lower positions tending to move them upwardly in th cylinders, and reversing the operation as described above, causing the motive fluid to be forced upwardly from above the pistons into a conduit 83, extending upwardly to chamber 82, past open valve 88 and out through conduit SE to the top of the well. I

On the upstroke of the piston, the valve control rods 81 move stops 48 thereon to push upwardly against the flange l4, and the piston continues to travel upwardly until the slides 88 reach the positions shown in Fig. 10.v As soon as the piston reverses, the flange ll seats upon the laws of the latch hooks 82, but the outer shoulders 8'! of the slides 83 hold the latch hooks engaged with the flange H. The width of the notches in the latch hooks 82 should be double the thicimess of the flanges so the slides will permit the upper flange to be opposite the upper hooks when the lower flange is disengaged by the lower hooks. The shoulders 88 press the upper hooks inward,

f and on the reverse movement they are pushed engage in a notch 88' in the adjacent standard casing 22 around the various conduit pipes 88, 88,

- 90, 9|, Stand 93, to insure'tightjoints with the casing and to prevent leakage of fluid around for discharge through the casing, means forming passageways for directing fluid to the power cylinder on respective opposite sides of the power piston, valve means connected with said passageways for controlling the-supply of fluid to said power cylinder and having a valve stem connected with the valve means and extending approximately in axial alignment with the connecting rod, and trip means interposed between said valve stem and the connecting rod and connected therewith.

2. In a deep well pump, the combination of a casing having a pluralityv of aligned cylinders therein, a pump piston in one of said cylinders, a power piston in an adjacent cylinder, a tubular connecting rod extending between the pump and power pistons mechanically connecting said pump and power pistons together and having communication therethrough for forcing fluid from one side of the pump piston to the opposite side of the power piston .for discharge through the casing, means forming passageways for directing fluid to the power cylinder on respective opposite sides or the power piston, valve means connected with said passageways for controlling the supply of fluid to said power cylinder and having a valve stem connected with the valve means and extending approximately in axial alignment with the connecting rod, and trip means interposed between said valve stem and the connecting rod and connected therewith.

3. In a deep well pump,thecombination of a casing having a plurality of aligned cylinders therein, a pump piston in one of said cylinders,

a power piston in an adjacent cylinder, a tubular connecting rod extending through the power piston to the pump piston mechanically connecting said pump and power pistons together and with communication through said pump piston, j

casing having a plurality of aligned cylinders therein, a pump piston in one of said cylinders and having a traveling valve for controlling flow therethrough, a power piston in another of said cylinders, a tubular connecting rod connected with said traveling valve mechanically connecting said pump and power pistons together and extending through the power piston for directing pumped fluid from the pump cylinder through the .pump piston and the cylinder thereof for passageways for directing fluid to the power cylinder on respective oppositesides of the power piston, valve means connected with said passageways for controlling the supply of fluid to said power cylinder and having a valve stem connected with the valve means and extending y approximately in axial alignment with the con-- necting rod, and trip means interposed between said valve stem and the connecting rod and com nected therewith.

5. In a deep well pump, the combination of a casing having a plurality of aligned cylinders therein, a pump piston in one of said cylinders, a power piston in an adjacent cylinder, a tubular connecting rod extending from the pump piston' through the power piston and cylinder thereof mechanically connecting said pump and power pistons together for directing pumped fluid from the pump cylinder upwardly past the power cylinder for discharge through the casing, means.

forming passageways for directing fluid to the power cylinder on respective opposite sides of the power piston, valve means connected with said passageways for controlling the supply of fluid to said power cylinder and having a valve stem connected with the valve means and extending approximately in axial alignment with the connecting rod, and trip means interposed between said valve stem and the connecting rod and connected therewith.

6. In a reciprocating pump, thecombination of a casing having pumpand, power cylinders therein, pistons in said cylinders, a connecting rod for said pistons, means for supplying fluid pressure to the power cylinder, valves for controlling the inlet and exhaust to said power cylinder, a valve stem therefor, control rods connected with the connecting rod and disposed on opposite sides of the valve stem, spring-pressed means having a lost motion connection between the control rod and valve stem, and trip means normally tending to hold the valve stem'in a set position. g

'7. In a reciprocating pump, the combination ot a. casing having pump and power cylinders therein, pistons in said cylinders, a connecting rod for said pistons, means'for supplying fluid pressure to the power cylinder, valves for controlling the inlet and exhaust to said power cylinder, a valve stem therefor, control rodsv connected with the connecting rod and disposed on opposite sides 01' the valve stem, spring-pressed 7 means having a. lost motion connection between discharge through the casing, means forming the control rod and valve stem, trip means normally tending to hold the valve stem in a set position, said trip means including upright standards, a latch pivoted to each standardand means slidable upon each standard and actuated by movement of the control valves for trip ping the latch to cause resilient movement of the valves with the valve stem for yielding action relative thereto.

'9. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing having pump and power cylinders,

pistons therein operatively connected together,

means for supplying fluid pressure to the power the fluid supply means, and valve means for controlling communication through said chambers. 10. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing'having pump and power cylinders therein, pistons in saidcylinders operatively connected together, a valve casing within the pump casing and spaced from the sides thereof for upward flow therearound, said valve leasing having a. plurality of aligned chambers therein, conduits connecting certain of said chambers with the inlet and exhaust sides of the cylinder, inlet and exhaust conduits connected with other of said chambers, and valve means controlling communication between said chambers.

11. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing having pump and power cylinders, pistons therein, a tubular connecting rod connected with said pistons and extending through the cylinders above the power cylinder for directing fluid upwardly through the casing, a valve casing mounted in the pump casing and spaced from the sides thereof for upward, flow therearound, means connecting said valve casing with the power cylinder, and valve means in the valve casing for controlling communication through said connecting means.

12. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing having pump and power cylinders, pistons therein, a tubular connecting rod connected with said pistons and extending through the cylinders above the power cylinder for directing fluid upwardly through the casing, a partition in the casing above the power cylinder having an opening therethrough through which the fluid passes, a valve casing supported by said partition in the casing and spaced from the sides thereof for upward flow of fluid therearouncl, fluid supply means communicating with the power cylinder and valve casing, and valve means in the valve casing for controlling communication through said supply means.

13. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing having pump and power cylinders,

pistons therein, a tubular connecting rod connected with said pistons and extending through the cylinders above the power cylinder for dition through said supply means, and lost-motion means interposed between the connecting rod and valve means and connecting the same toether.

spring-pressed means having a lost-motion c0nnection between the controi rod and valve stem,

and trip means normally tending to holdthe v rod and disposed on opposite sides of the valve stem, spring-pressed means having a lost-motion connection between the control rod and the valve stem, trip means normally tending to hold the valve stem in a set position, said trip means including upright standards, a latch pivoted to each standard, and mean slidable upon each standard and actuated by movement of the control valves for tripping the latch to cause resilient movement of the valve stem.

16. In a reciprocating pump of the character described, the combination of a casing having a power cylinder therein, a piston for said cylinder, means for supplying fluid pressure to said power cylinder, inlet and exhaust valves for controlling said fluid pressure, a valve stem for said valves, and means resiliently connecting one of said valves with the valve stem for yielding action relative thereto.

1'7. Trip mechanism for a valve comprising a pair of upright standards, a latch pivoted to each standard and having hooks at opposite ends 14. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a power cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a piston rod connected with said piston, means for supplying fluid pressure to the power cylinder,

valves for controlling the inlet and exhaust to said power cylinder, a valve stem therefor, control rods connected with the connecting rod and disposedpn opposite sides of thevalve stem,

thereof, disks in position to engage the hooks, and a latch slide sli'dably mounted on each standard and having means for tripping the respective latch adapted to cause movement of the valve. 7

18. In a power device, the combination of a power cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a piston rodconnected with said piston, means for supplying fluid pressure to the power cylinder, valves for controlling the inlet and exhaust to said power cylinder, a valve stem therefor, control rods connected with the connecting rod and disposed on opposite sides of the valve stem, a pair of spring-pressed discs having lostmotion connections with the control rod and .valve stem, and trip means normally tending to hold-the valve stem in a set position.

19. In a power device, the combination of a casing having a power cylinder therein, a piston in said cylinder, a connecting rod for said piston, means for supplying fluid pressure to the cylinder, valves for controlling the inlet and exhaust to said power cylinder, a-valve stem therefor, control rods connected with the connecting rod and disposed on opposite sides of the valve stem, spring-pressed means having a lost-motion connection between the control rod and the valve stem, and trip means normally tending to hold the valve stem in a set position,

said trip means including upright standards, a latch pivoted to each standard approximately midway between the ends of said latch, and means slidable upon each standard and actuated by movement of {the control valves for of the valve stem.

WILLIAM C. RICHARDSON.

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